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380:, found in forest and woodland. Four to six eggs are laid in a nest on the ground. The eggs are white with reddish-brown markings and are laid in clutches of 3-5 eggs. The incubation period is around 14 days long, and the chicks fledge after 10-14 days. Cuckoo nest predation and brood parasitism are major hazards to the breeding success of western Bonelli's warblers. Like most warblers, western Bonelli's warbler is insectivorous.
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The western
Bonelli's warbler has a browner tinge to the upperparts than the eastern Bonelli's warbler; the latter sometimes has a greenish tinge instead. The song is a fast monotone trill, only slightly different from eastern Bonelli's, and also with some similarity to the
266:. It was formerly regarded as the western subspecies of a wider "Bonelli's warbler" species, but as a result of modern taxonomic developments, they are now usually considered to be two species:
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The breeding ranges of the two species do not overlap; while their appearance and songs are very similar, the calls are completely different (see below). They also show marked difference in
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The adult has a plain grey-green back, green-toned rump and wings and whitish underparts. The bill is small and pointed and the legs brown. The sexes are identical, as with most warblers.
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Helb, H.-W.; Bergmann, H.-H. & Martens, J. (1982): Acoustic differences between populations of western and eastern
Bonelli's Warblers (
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Helbig, A. J.; Seibold, I.; Martens, J. & Wink, M. (1995): Genetic differentiation and phylogenetic relationships of
Bonelli's Warbler
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646:"Breeding biology of Western Bonelli's Warblers Phylloscopus bonelli in the Mediterranean region"
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Sangster, George; Knox, Alan G.; Helbig, Andreas J. & Parkin, David T. (2002): "
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Ageing and sexing (PDF; 2.5 MB) by Javier Blasco-Zumeta & Gerd-Michael Heinze
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Roncalli, Gianluca; Ibáñez-Álamo, Juan Diego; Soler, Manuel (2016-07-02).
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Roncalli, Gianluca; Ibáñez-Álamo, Juan Diego; Soler, Manuel (2016-07-02).
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Parkin, David T. (2003): Birding and DNA: species for the new millennium.
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Whose Bird? Men and Women
Commemorated in the Common Names of Birds
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391:. The call of the western Bonelli's warbler is a disyllabic
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463:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22715255A87665883.en
345:, "to watch"). The English name and the specific
504:Taxonomic recommendations for European birds.
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554:The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names
323:. It is a rare vagrant in Northern Europe.
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586:. London: Christopher Helm. p. 59.
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582:Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael (2003).
373:Western Bonelli's warbler is a small
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902:d2dd2ddd-044b-4691-bc45-9f540ec59087
696:Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences
557:. London: Christopher Helm. p.
1090:Taxa named by Louis Pierre Vieillot
1055:IUCN Red List least concern species
449:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
349:are for the Italian ornithologist
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438:BirdLife International. (2016).
84:
1:
662:10.1080/00063657.2016.1215408
615:10.1080/00063657.2016.1215408
365:Western Bonelli's warbler at
291:, which breeds in southeast
274:, which breeds in southwest
270:Western Bonelli's warbler,
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35:Western Bonelli's warbler
551:Jobling, James A (2010).
285:Eastern Bonelli's warbler
244:western Bonelli's warbler
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81:Scientific classification
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1070:Birds of Southern Europe
456:: e.T22715255A87665883.
1085:Birds described in 1819
289:Phylloscopus orientalis
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1075:Birds of North Africa
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351:Franco Andrea Bonelli
1080:Birds of West Africa
1032:Phylloscopus-bonelli
897:Fauna Europaea (new)
764:Phylloscopus bonelli
734:Phylloscopus bonelli
692:Phylloscopus bonelli
526:Phylloscopus bonelli
442:Phylloscopus bonelli
415:Phylloscopus bonelli
272:Phylloscopus bonelli
249:Phylloscopus bonelli
190:Phylloscopus bonelli
18:Phylloscopus bonelli
399:, reminiscent of a
316:, wintering in sub-
51:Conservation status
528:and Green Warbler
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235: Non-breeding
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1001:Open Tree of Life
726:Taxon identifiers
568:978-1-4081-2501-4
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389:wood warbler
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367:Aosta Valley
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258:leaf warbler
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159:Phylloscopus
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923:iNaturalist
758:Wikispecies
357:Description
1049:Categories
1027:Xeno-canto
650:Bird Study
603:Bird Study
541:: 139–153.
530:P. nitidus
485:Bird Study
425:References
297:Asia Minor
278:and north
217:P. bonelli
670:0006-3657
623:0006-3657
469:7 October
401:crossbill
375:passerine
314:migratory
215:Range of
166:Species:
104:Kingdom:
98:Eukaryota
967:22715255
941:10214258
801:22715255
796:BirdLife
785:BioLib:
743:Wikidata
678:88649351
631:88649351
330:is from
307:sequence
198:Vieillot
144:Family:
118:Chordata
114:Phylum:
108:Animalia
94:Domain:
71:IUCN 3.1
915:2493070
850:webwar1
824:webwar1
773:Avibase
749:Q752489
369:, Italy
347:bonelli
335:phullon
318:Saharan
256:in the
254:warbler
252:) is a
200:, 1819)
154:Genus:
134:Order:
124:Class:
69: (
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928:117007
871:EURING
814:117470
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343:skopeo
339:skopos
321:Africa
293:Europe
280:Africa
276:Europe
260:genus
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1019:13731
993:48149
936:IRMNG
889:97367
876:13070
858:EUNIS
845:eBird
837:6VFNW
821:BOW:
674:S2CID
627:S2CID
403:or a
393:hu-it
304:mtDNA
988:NCBI
962:IUCN
949:ITIS
910:GBIF
863:1210
809:BOLD
788:8922
666:ISSN
619:ISSN
563:ISBN
509:Ibis
471:2021
454:2016
419:MHNT
397:chup
378:bird
295:and
242:The
128:Aves
1014:TSA
975:NBN
832:CoL
658:doi
611:doi
559:305
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
