33:
723:
756:, and northern Alaska. In South America, it is found in Argentina, Chile, and Peru; common and widespread in temperate areas, it occurs only rarely and only at elevations above 3,700 m (12,100 ft) in tropical regions. It occurs patchily across Asia—in India, Bhutan, Nepal and Japan—as well as in East Africa. It is described as "cosmopolitan" in New Zealand, has been reported from a number of sites in southeastern Australia and Tasmania, and also occurs in Antarctica.
46:
2244:
814:
tolerates a variety of locations, occurring on vertical, angled and horizontal surfaces, as well as rocky overhangs. It is found on both dry stone and stone moistened by seepage, and can tolerate being irregularly submerged underwater. It survives in hot desert conditions, primarily on the north side
594:
on which it grows. Its convex lobes are linear, typically measuring 0.5–1.0 mm (0.02–0.04 in) in width, though occasionally as wide as 2 mm (0.08 in). Forms in some areas, including
Greenland, can be considerably darker, with a thallus ranging from gray to dark gray; they can also
436:
also tolerates a wide range of environmental extremes from the high temperatures of desert locations to the low temperatures of the
Antarctic. It grows on both dry stone and that moistened by seepage, and can survive being irregularly submerged for extended periods underwater. Like many lichens that
441:
is able to extract nutrients from the substrate upon which it grows, as well as from rainwater and atmospheric dust. It is threatened by habitat loss through development, as well as trampling or overgrowth of its location. A number of
946:
is impacted by habitat loss through development, as well as by the trampling or overgrowth of its location. However, the retention of old stone walls, buildings and bridges can help to support its populations, even in cities.
401:. It is typically pale gray shading to darker gray in the center (though some forms are considerably darker), and grows in a small rosette, usually some 2–3 cm (0.79–1.18 in) across at maturity. It only rarely has
611:. Where present, these are black discs measuring up to 2 millimetres (0.08 in) across, with prominent thalline margins (which means the thallus extends up around the edges of the apothecia) and a grayish
826:
is able to accumulate a number of necessary nutrients—including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and iron—from the substrate upon which it grows, as well as from rainwater and atmospheric dust. Its
1820:
de los Rios, Asunción; Ascaso, Carmen; Grube, Martin. "Infection mechanisms of lichenicolous fungi studied by various microscopic techniques". In
Llimona, X.; Lumbsch, H. T.; Ott, S. (eds.).
586:
that forms small rosettes, typically measuring 2–3 cm (0.79–1.18 in) across at maturity, though it can reach diameters of up to 7 cm (2.8 in). The
2395:
752:
in
Greenland, and is abundant throughout Britain. Though found across much of North America, it is absent from central and southeastern United States, parts of the
599:, which are piled in round mounds (such aggregations are known as soralia) across the thallus's upper surface. The lower surface is white to brown with short, dark
795:, it grows on mosses, soil and gravel, and may be among the species contributing to the formation of a soil crust on the continent. In California, it is found in
2460:
2320:
2565:
698:, but the latter has "crateriform" (hollowed, like a bowl or saucer) rather than rounded soralia, and obviously convex lobes. It may also be confused with
1767:
Jovan, Sarah; McCune, Bruce (Oct 2005). "Air-Quality
Bioindication in the Greater Central Valley of California, with Epiphytic Macrolichen Communities".
1136:"New entities in Physcia aipolia–P. caesia group (Physciaceae, Ascomycetes): an analysis based on mtSSU, ITS, group I intron and betatubulin sequences"
1083:
Myllys, Leena; Lohtander, Katileena; Tehler, Anders (Mar–Apr 2001). "β-Tubulin, ITS and Group I Intron
Sequences Challenge the Species Pair Concept in
619:
contains 8 spores, which are thick-walled and brown, measuring 18–25 μm (0.00071–0.00098 in) x 6–10 μm (0.00024–0.00039 in). Its
2369:
1498:
Peard, Janet L. (August 1983). "Distribution of
Corticolous Noncrustose Lichens on Trunks of Rocky Mountain Junipers in Boulder County, Colorado".
2408:
834:
and can tolerate higher levels of atmospheric ammonia than can many other species of lichen, because it can survive on substrates with a higher
2509:
2226:
2205:
2184:
2142:
2117:
2051:
2030:
2011:
1958:
1302:
Dahlkild, Åsa; Källersjö, Mari; Lohtander, Katileena; Tehler, Anders (Winter 2001). "Photobiont
Diversity in the Physciaceae (Lecanorales)".
1896:
2560:
2163:
2096:
2075:
1990:
1937:
2522:
1566:
Nash, III, T. H.; White, S. L.; Marsh, J. E. (Autumn 1977). "Lichen and Moss
Distribution and Biomass in Hot Desert Ecosystems".
858:. It is slow-growing, with an increase in size of only 0.98 mm (0.04 in) per year for a colony observed in one study.
1382:
2413:
595:
have broader or narrower lobes. The lichen's surface is white-spotted, though this is not always obvious. It has blue-gray
2447:
1134:
Lohtander, Katileena; Myllys, Leena; Källersjö, Mari; Moberg, Roland; Stenroos, Soili; Tehler, Anders (27 February 2009).
1648:"Determination of Heavy Metals in Lichens Growing on Different Ecological Habitats in Schirmacher Oasis, East Antarctica"
238:
2107:
2041:
2001:
791:
trees, growing primarily within 0.1 m (3.9 in) of the ground on the northern and eastern side of trunks. In
2216:
2128:
663:– C), nor with KC (potassium hydroxide quickly followed by bleach). Among the substances produced by the lichen are
2465:
2195:
2065:
1927:
861:
In
Greenland, it often grows in association with other lichen species tolerant of enriched environments, including
1948:
2248:
1315:
45:
969:
887:
482:
157:
531:
taxa, with various forms more closely related to other species than to each other. The nomenclatural database
32:
313:
2555:
2197:
Biodeterioration of Stone Surfaces: Lichens and Biofilms as Weathering Agents of Rocks and Cultural Heritage
1904:
1647:
942:
is found in cities, though at lower frequencies than more pollution-tolerant species. As with most lichens,
727:
284:
212:
963:
957:
919:
907:
2273:
722:
302:
1732:
Nash III, Thomas H. (Oct 1974). "Lichens of the Page Environs as Potential Indicators of Air Pollution".
863:
2061:
644:
628:
553:
140:
1821:
995:
227:
2527:
2475:
2361:
1662:
869:
466:
346:
197:
1705:
Rusinska, Anna; Balcerkiewicz, Stanislaw (June 1978). "Moss Communities of the roofs of buildings".
2311:
975:
881:
656:
648:
591:
462:
426:
223:
2514:
2439:
1535:"Lichen Trimlines in the Peace-Athabasca Delta: Variations in Flora, Form, and Disturbance Regime"
1784:
1749:
1714:
1678:
1583:
1515:
1327:
1319:
1166:
1116:
1108:
800:
796:
652:
184:
40:
273:
2400:
2496:
2343:
2222:
2201:
2180:
2174:
2159:
2153:
2138:
2113:
2092:
2071:
2047:
2026:
2007:
1986:
1980:
1969:
1954:
1933:
1868:
1158:
913:
875:
2501:
2254:
2086:
1184:
1029:
2550:
1860:
1776:
1741:
1670:
1575:
1546:
1507:
1420:
1348:
1311:
1150:
1100:
1003:
931:
748:
vegetation zones. Widely distributed across Europe, it is one of the most common species of
741:
502:
394:
505:, some of which were thought to be distinct species in the past. Although this species and
2483:
935:
901:
816:
784:
640:
507:
87:
2003:
Antarctic Terrestrial Microbiology: Physical and Biological Properties of Antarctic Soils
1666:
2356:
1424:
583:
339:
2325:
1841:
831:
2544:
1534:
1408:
1120:
952:
498:
474:
443:
390:
362:
354:
263:
1682:
1331:
1170:
2348:
1383:"The lichen genus Physcia (Schreb.) Michx (Physciaceae: Ascomycota) in New Zealand"
1104:
779:
rock, as well as on bone. It is particularly common on rocks where birds perch and
612:
549:
528:
512:
398:
201:
2452:
2434:
2382:
2305:
2040:
Frank-Kamenetskaya, Olga V.; Panova, Elena G.; Vlasov, Dmitry Yu., eds. (2016).
1135:
753:
624:
516:
358:
107:
2296:
838:. It has been recorded growing on a lead surface (probably a weathered oxide).
413:'s upper surface. It grows most often on rock—principally calcareous, but also
1674:
792:
711:
620:
590:
is pale gray shading to darker gray in the center, and adheres closely to the
486:
422:
378:
374:
97:
77:
1872:
1447:
1162:
1646:
Pandey, Vivek; Upreti, D. K. (2000). Department of Ocean Development (ed.).
892:
776:
760:
745:
686:; the latter is regularly covered with black apothecia, and typically grows
664:
655:(Pd) as well, also turning yellow. They produce no reaction with calcium or
608:
418:
402:
370:
57:
1551:
2335:
2243:
2137:. Meddelelser om Grønland. Vol. 22. Copenhagen, Denmark: Bioscience.
1953:. Meddelelser om Grønland. Vol. 31. Copenhagen, Denmark: Bioscience.
1840:
Kocakaya, Mustafa; Halici, Mehmet Gökhan; Aksoy, Ahmet (April–June 2011).
930:
are intermediate in their response to air pollution — less sensitive than
803:
forests ranging from 1,000–8,000 ft (300–2,440 m) in elevation.
2488:
2421:
2290:
2218:
Atmospheric Ammonia: Detecting emission changes and environmental impacts
1192:
1154:
1037:
896:
843:
780:
772:
768:
687:
532:
447:
414:
397:. Molecular studies suggest that the species as currently defined may be
1753:
1718:
830:
can extend into substrate as much as 17 mm (0.67 in). It is a
515:, some molecular studies suggest that they should instead be considered
2374:
1788:
1587:
1519:
1323:
1112:
788:
600:
596:
587:
544:
410:
406:
117:
2387:
842:
is known to accumulate high concentrations of heavy metals, including
432:
Capable of growing at a multitude of angles on a variety of surfaces,
2426:
1745:
851:
827:
737:
668:
660:
478:
350:
342:
67:
2267:
2043:
Biogenic—Abiogenic Interactions in Natural and Anthropogenic Systems
1864:
1780:
1579:
1511:
2215:
Sutton, Mark A.; Reis, Stefan; Baker, Samantha M. H., eds. (2009).
1979:
Brodo, Irwin W.; Sharnoff, Sylvia Duran; Sharnoff, Stephen (2001).
1655:
Seventeenth Indian Expedition to Antarctica, Scientific Report 2000
721:
616:
1823:
Progress and Problems in Lichenology at the Turn of the Millenium
548:
means "inflated" or "sausage-like", referring to the form of the
855:
847:
764:
366:
2271:
2176:
Terricolous Lichens in India: Volume 2: Morphotaxonomic Studies
682:
was long considered to be a species pair with the very similar
2023:
Lichens: An Illustrated Guide to the British and Irish Species
815:
of slopes. It also thrives in cold conditions, and is able to
651:(K), turning yellow. Cortex and medulla react positively with
481:
both before and after it was moved into its current genus by
1829:. Bibliotheca Lichenologica. Vol. 82. pp. 153–161.
714:), and its thallus does not react with potassium hydroxide.
2152:
Pugnaire, Francisco I.; Valladares, Fernando, eds. (1999).
1316:
10.1639/0007-2745(2001)104[0527:PDITPL]2.0.CO;2
835:
16:
Blue-gray foliose lichen found throughout much of the world
2221:. Heidelberg, Germany: Springer Science+Business Media.
1488:
Frank-Kamenetskaya, Panova & Vlasov (2016), p. 407.
2200:. Dordrecht, Holland: Springer Science+Business Media.
2194:
St. Clair, Larry L.; Seaward, Mark R. D., eds. (2004).
1409:"The lichen genus Physcia in Central and South America"
409:, which are piled in round blue-gray mounds across the
539:, one of its many synonyms, to be a distinct species.
2091:. Berkeley, CA, USA: University of California Press.
1846:
sp. nov. (Ascomycota, Xanthopyreniaceae) from Turkey"
1895:
Svane, Svanhildur Jónsdóttir; Alstrup, Vagn (2004).
2280:
819:at temperatures as low as −14 °C (7 °F).
783:. It is uncommon on bark; however, in the Colorado
710:has lip-shaped soralia (which tend to be primarily
759:It is common on calcareous substrates, growing on
405:, instead reproducing most often vegetatively via
1926:Ahmadijian, Vernon; Hale, Mason E., eds. (1973).
822:Like many lichens that grow on rocky substrates,
736:is widespread across much of the world, found in
2106:Kelcey, John G.; Müller, Norbert, eds. (2011).
421:—and also occurs on bone, bark and soil. It is
2173:Rai, Himanshu; Upreti, Dalip K., eds. (2014).
1359:. Consortium of North American Lichen Herbaria
1254:Brodo, Sharnoff & Sharnoff (2001), p. 553.
2070:. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
1985:. New Haven, CT, USA: Yale University Press.
8:
2085:Hale, Jr., Mason E.; Cole, Mariette (1998).
1971:A Latin-English and English-Latin Dictionary
1947:Alstrup, Vagn; Hawksworth, David L. (1991).
1288:
1286:
1284:
1282:
1280:
519:. Other molecular studies suggest that both
2258:photos on Stephen Sharnoff's lichen website
2127:Moberg, Roland; Hansen, Eric Steen (1986).
1627:Sutton, Reis & Baker (2009), pp. 74–76.
1376:
1374:
1211:
1209:
2268:
1024:
1022:
1020:
787:, it is one of the predominant lichens on
31:
20:
1974:. New York, NY, USA: Harper and Brothers.
1734:Journal of the Arizona Academy of Science
1600:Pugnaire & Valladares (1999), p. 519.
1550:
1066:
1064:
1062:
1060:
1058:
1056:
1054:
1801:Kelcey & Müller (2011), pp. 106–107.
1533:Timoney, Kevin P.; Marsh, Janet (2005).
1475:
1473:
1343:
1341:
1250:
1078:
1076:
1897:"Some lichenicolous fungi from Iceland"
1885:Alstrup & Hawksworth (1991), p. 16.
1618:St. Clair & Seaward (2004), p. 159.
1270:
1268:
1266:
1264:
1262:
1260:
1248:
1246:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1230:
987:
2109:Plants and Habitats of European Cities
1810:Alstrup & Hawksworth (1991), p. 8.
1932:. New York, NY, USA: Academic Press.
559:is a Latin word meaning "blue-gray".
349:in 1784, it is common across much of
7:
2476:76e518d3-074b-4867-9a4a-4e00417b614b
2155:Handbook of Functional Plant Ecology
1950:The Lichenicolous Fungi of Greenland
1381:Galloway, D. J.; Moberg, R. (2005).
1224:Anthon & Frueund (1873), p. 132.
1070:Moberg & Hansen (1986), p. 9–10.
2158:. New York, NY, US: Marcel Dekker.
2025:. Slough, UK: Richmond Publishing.
361:, and more patchily distributed in
2566:Taxa named by Georg Franz Hoffmann
1425:10.1111/j.1756-1051.1990.tb01776.x
706:, can be quite variable; however,
497:, as well as a number of distinct
389:, as well as a number of distinct
14:
2006:. Heidelberg, Germany: Springer.
632:, a species associated with many
2242:
1437:Rai & Upreti (2014), p. 226.
44:
2179:. New York, NY, USA: Springer.
2112:. New York, NY, USA: Springer.
2046:. Cham, Switzerland: Springer.
1609:Ahmadijian (1973), pp. 240–241.
2134:and Allied Genera in Greenland
2067:Fungi in Biogeochemical Cycles
1274:Hale & Cole (1998), p. 98.
1105:10.1080/00275514.2001.12063165
425:and is particularly common on
1:
477:assigned it to various other
1458:. Atlas of Living Australia
899:tile roofs, occurring with
891:. In Poland, it is part of
345:fungus. First described by
2582:
1695:Ahmadijian (1973), p. 487.
1479:Cowan (2014), pp. 142–144.
934:, but more sensitive than
726:Physcia caesia on rock on
694:may also be confused with
2561:Lichens described in 1784
2021:Dobson, Frank S. (2011).
1713:(Supplementum 3): 51–60.
1675:10.1080/00387010009350090
1657:. Technical Publication.
1539:Canadian Field-Naturalist
970:Zwackhiomyces physciicola
888:Rhizoplaca melanophthalma
563:is known colloquially as
190:
183:
170:
165:
146:
139:
41:Scientific classification
39:
30:
23:
2262:Lichens of North America
2000:Cowan, Don, ed. (2014).
1982:Lichens of North America
1968:Anthon, Charles (1873).
1413:Nordic Journal of Botany
926:Foliose lichens such as
718:Distribution and habitat
565:blue-gray rosette lichen
483:Georg Ernst Ludwig Hampe
332:blue-gray rosette lichen
330:, known colloquially as
1905:Acta Botanica Islandica
1769:Ecological Applications
1407:Moberg, Roland (1990).
728:St. Paul Island, Alaska
511:have been considered a
2062:Gadd, Geoffrey Michael
1844:Zwackhiomyces turcicus
1552:10.22621/cfn.v119i1.83
1292:Dobson (2011), p. 340.
1215:Dobson (2011), p. 337.
730:
647:react positively with
177:Physcia caesia ventosa
2088:Lichens of California
964:Polycoccum pulvinatum
958:Polycoccum galligenum
920:Schistidium apocarpum
908:Orthotrichum anomalum
895:communities found on
725:
653:para-phenylenediamene
294:(Hoffm.) Hoffm., 1795
255:(Hoffm.) Hoffm., 1790
173:Physcia caesia caesia
2251:at Wikimedia Commons
1636:Gadd (2006), p. 346.
1155:10.5735/085.046.0104
870:Xanthoria candelaria
535:considers the taxon
485:in 1839. It has two
467:Georg Franz Hoffmann
347:Georg Franz Hoffmann
1667:2000SpecL..33..435U
976:Arthonia epiphyscia
864:Umbilicaria arctica
771:. It also grows on
657:sodium hypochlorite
649:potassium hydroxide
465:by German botanist
429:where birds perch.
2260:(photographer for
1707:Abstracta Botanica
731:
629:Trebouxia impressa
569:powder-back lichen
446:species are known
338:, is a species of
336:powder-back lichen
2538:
2537:
2497:Open Tree of Life
2274:Taxon identifiers
2247:Media related to
2228:978-1-4020-9120-9
2207:978-90-481-6724-1
2186:978-1-4939-0359-7
2144:978-87-635-1182-7
2130:The Lichen Genus
2119:978-0-387-89683-0
2053:978-3-319-24985-8
2032:978-0-85546-315-1
2013:978-3-642-45212-3
1960:978-87-635-1202-2
1143:Ann. Bot. Fennici
955:fungi, including
932:fruticose lichens
914:Grimmia pulvinata
876:Xanthoria elegans
696:Physcia poncinsii
323:
322:
317:
306:
295:
288:
280:Placodium caesium
277:
267:
256:
249:
242:
234:Imbricaria caesia
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2453:NHMSYS0001493685
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1817:
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1808:
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1799:
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1775:(5): 1712–1726.
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1746:10.2307/40023608
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1357:lichenportal.org
1345:
1336:
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1125:
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1080:
1071:
1068:
1049:
1048:
1046:
1044:
1026:
1015:
1014:
1012:
1010:
1004:Species Fungorum
992:
936:crustose lichens
607:only rarely has
554:specific epithet
311:
309:Xanthoria caesia
300:
298:Squamaria caesia
293:
282:
272:
261:
254:
247:
236:
221:
210:
208:Dimelaena caesia
195:
152:
49:
48:
35:
21:
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2484:Observation.org
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2145:
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2120:
2105:
2099:
2084:
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2054:
2039:
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2020:
2014:
1999:
1993:
1978:
1967:
1961:
1946:
1940:
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1922:
1917:
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1894:
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1889:
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1865:10.5248/116.329
1848:
1839:
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1834:
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1814:
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1796:
1781:10.1890/03-5368
1766:
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1661:(15): 203–209.
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1604:
1599:
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1580:10.2307/3242022
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1512:10.2307/3242712
1497:
1496:
1492:
1487:
1483:
1478:
1471:
1461:
1459:
1452:(Hoffm.) Fürnr"
1446:
1445:
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1436:
1432:
1406:
1405:
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1379:
1372:
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1187:Physcia wainioi
1183:
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1178:
1138:
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1128:
1085:Physcia aipolia
1082:
1081:
1074:
1069:
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1042:
1040:
1028:
1027:
1018:
1008:
1006:
1000:(Hoffm.) Fürnr"
994:
993:
989:
985:
951:is attacked by
902:Tortula ruralis
817:photosynthesize
809:
785:Rocky Mountains
720:
684:Physcia aipolia
677:
675:Similar species
577:
542:The genus name
537:Physcia wainioi
525:Physcia aipolia
508:Physcia aipolia
456:
318:
307:
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289:
278:
270:Physcia wainioi
268:
259:Parmelia caesia
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217:
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88:Lecanoromycetes
43:
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2302:
2286:
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2282:Physcia caesia
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2256:Physcia caesia
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2249:Physcia caesia
2238:
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1450:Physcia caesia
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1310:(4): 527–536.
1304:The Bryologist
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584:foliose lichen
580:Physcia caesia
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561:Physcia caesia
521:Physcia caesia
475:lichenologists
471:Lichen caesius
459:Physcia caesia
455:
452:
439:Physcia caesia
437:grow on rock,
434:Physcia caesia
377:. There are 2
327:Physcia caesia
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245:Lichen caesius
219:Hagenia caesia
193:Borrera caesia
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953:lichenicolous
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882:Physcia dubia
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700:Physcia dubia
697:
693:
689:
688:epiphytically
685:
681:
674:
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639:The lichen's
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495:P. c. ventosa
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444:lichenicolous
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387:P. c. ventosa
384:
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363:South America
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355:North America
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141:Binomial name
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1545:(1): 76–81.
1542:
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1499:
1493:
1484:
1460:. Retrieved
1455:
1449:
1442:
1433:
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1393:
1389:
1361:. Retrieved
1356:
1350:
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1303:
1297:
1220:
1196:. Retrieved
1186:
1179:
1146:
1142:
1129:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1041:. Retrieved
1031:
1007:. Retrieved
997:
990:
974:
968:
962:
956:
948:
943:
939:
927:
925:
923:and others.
918:
912:
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886:
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874:
868:
862:
860:
839:
823:
821:
811:
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749:
733:
732:
707:
703:
702:which, like
699:
695:
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679:
678:
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633:
627:
613:pruinescence
604:
579:
578:
568:
564:
560:
556:
550:type species
543:
541:
536:
529:polyphyletic
524:
520:
513:species pair
506:
494:
491:P. c. caesia
490:
470:
458:
457:
438:
433:
431:
399:polyphyletic
386:
383:P. c. caesia
382:
335:
331:
326:
325:
324:
308:
297:
291:Psora caesia
290:
279:
269:
258:
251:
248:Hoffm., 1784
244:
233:
218:
207:
192:
191:
176:
172:
171:
149:
147:
131:
130:
118:
24:
18:
2435:NatureServe
2383:iNaturalist
2306:Wikispecies
1929:The Lichens
1920:Cited books
1859:: 329–333.
996:"Synonymy:
763:(including
754:Great Basin
575:Description
517:conspecific
469:in 1784 as
423:nitrophilic
359:New Zealand
166:Subspecies
108:Physciaceae
2545:Categories
1456:ala.org.au
983:References
832:nitrophyte
793:Antarctica
625:green alga
621:photobiont
487:subspecies
461:was first
427:substrates
379:subspecies
375:Antarctica
343:lichenized
98:Caliciales
78:Ascomycota
74:Division:
2321:AusLichen
1873:2154-8889
1853:Mycotaxon
1198:5 January
1163:0003-3847
1149:: 43–53.
1121:196621949
1093:Mycologia
1089:P. caesia
1043:5 January
1009:5 January
893:bryophyte
801:subalpine
777:siliceous
761:limestone
746:temperate
665:atranorin
636:lichens.
609:apothecia
592:substrate
503:varieties
463:described
448:parasites
419:siliceous
403:apothecia
395:varieties
371:Australia
312:(Hoffm.)
301:(Hoffm.)
283:(Hoffm.)
262:(Hoffm.)
237:(Hoffm.)
222:(Hoffm.)
211:(Hoffm.)
156:(Hoffm.)
126:Species:
64:Kingdom:
58:Eukaryota
2440:2.126717
2422:MycoBank
2401:10686938
2357:Fungorum
2333:BioLib:
2326:30022954
2297:Q1572772
2291:Wikidata
1912:: 53–58.
1754:40023608
1719:43519036
1683:54024804
1396:: 59–91.
1332:85776368
1193:MycoBank
1171:86657575
1038:MycoBank
897:asbestos
844:chromium
781:defecate
773:basaltic
769:concrete
708:P. dubia
601:rhizines
533:MycoBank
473:. Other
454:Taxonomy
415:basaltic
228:Carestia
185:Synonyms
104:Family:
54:Domain:
2551:Physcia
2502:1024087
2375:2608920
2132:Physcia
1789:4543475
1663:Bibcode
1588:3242022
1520:3242712
1462:31 July
1390:Tuhinga
1363:11 July
1324:3244586
1113:3761655
807:Ecology
797:montane
789:juniper
750:Physcia
645:medulla
634:Physcia
623:is the
615:. Each
597:soredia
588:thallus
545:Physcia
411:thallus
407:soredia
340:foliose
274:Räsänen
119:Physcia
114:Genus:
94:Order:
84:Class:
2528:594748
2515:PHCA60
2510:PLANTS
2473:NZOR:
2466:116813
2427:400579
2388:194681
2362:400579
2336:125193
2225:
2204:
2183:
2162:
2141:
2116:
2095:
2074:
2050:
2029:
2010:
1989:
1957:
1936:
1871:
1787:
1752:
1717:
1681:
1586:
1518:
1330:
1322:
1169:
1161:
1119:
1111:
885:, and
852:copper
828:hyphae
767:) and
742:boreal
738:Arctic
712:apical
669:zeorin
661:bleach
641:cortex
557:caesia
552:. The
479:genera
351:Europe
316:, 1912
305:, 1844
287:, 1812
276:, 1921
266:, 1803
241:, 1805
230:, 1865
215:, 1853
213:Norman
204:, 1861
198:Hoffm.
160:, 1839
2523:WoRMS
2489:18561
2414:14025
2396:IRMNG
2349:77HY7
1900:(PDF)
1849:(PDF)
1827:(PDF)
1785:JSTOR
1750:JSTOR
1715:JSTOR
1679:S2CID
1651:(PDF)
1584:JSTOR
1516:JSTOR
1386:(PDF)
1328:S2CID
1320:JSTOR
1167:S2CID
1139:(PDF)
1117:S2CID
1109:JSTOR
617:ascus
582:is a
499:forms
391:forms
314:Horw.
303:Hook.
285:Frege
224:Bagl.
158:Hampe
68:Fungi
2461:NCBI
2409:ITIS
2370:GBIF
2223:ISBN
2202:ISBN
2181:ISBN
2160:ISBN
2139:ISBN
2114:ISBN
2093:ISBN
2072:ISBN
2048:ISBN
2027:ISBN
2008:ISBN
1987:ISBN
1955:ISBN
1934:ISBN
1869:ISSN
1464:2017
1365:2017
1200:2021
1159:ISSN
1087:and
1045:2021
1011:2021
973:and
856:iron
854:and
848:zinc
799:and
775:and
765:tufa
744:and
667:and
643:and
567:and
527:are
523:and
501:and
493:and
417:and
393:and
385:and
373:and
367:Asia
357:and
334:and
264:Ach.
226:and
202:Mudd
2448:NBN
2344:CoL
1861:doi
1857:116
1777:doi
1742:doi
1671:doi
1576:doi
1547:doi
1543:119
1508:doi
1421:doi
1312:doi
1308:104
1151:doi
1101:doi
1091:".
867:,
2547::
2525::
2512::
2499::
2486::
2463::
2450::
2437::
2424::
2411::
2398::
2385::
2372::
2359::
2346::
2323::
2308::
2293::
1910:14
1908:.
1902:.
1867:.
1855:.
1851:.
1783:.
1773:15
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