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521:. He felt strongly that fasting was one of the surest ways to physical health. Many of his subjects would fast for a week to rejuvenate their body. He claimed that through fasting "a person could exercise unqualified control over virtually all types of disease while revealing a degree of strength and stamina such as would put others to shame". He saw fasting as an instrument with which to prove a man's superiority over other men.
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788:, PhD, notes that the glamorous and eccentric character of Macfadden's life has led to a predilection for "the amusing tale or shocking incident" in describing it. Whorton argued that this distracts from Macfadden's real beliefs and significance, causing research to be directed "to the outer person, to actions rather than motives."
470:, and several other titles; they were published under the Teck Publications imprint. This apparently made Good Story expendable and financial support was withdrawn almost immediately. The Teck titles lasted under Macfadden control until being sold in the late '30s, after which Macfadden was absent from the pulp field.
599:. He also opened a restaurant in New York City in 1902 called Physical Culture, which was one of the city's first vegetarian venues. Physical Culture vegetarian restaurants were established in other cities such as Philadelphia and Chicago. By 1911, there were twenty such restaurants. Macfadden was a proponent of
699:
He met his third wife, Mary
Williamson Macfadden, in England when she won a contest "for the most perfect specimen of England womanhood," sponsored by Macfadden; she was a champion British swimmer. The couple had eight children: Helen, Byrne, Byrnece, Beulah, Beverly, Brewster, Berwyn, and Braunda.
524:
Macfadden had photographs of himself taken before and after fasts to demonstrate their positive effects on the body. For example, one photograph showed
Macfadden lifting a 100-pound dumbbell over his head immediately after a seven-day fast. Macfadden acknowledged the difficulties of fasting and did
531:
Macfadden established many "healthatoriums" in the eastern and midwestern states. These institutions offered educational programs, such as "The
Physical Culture Training School". Although he gained his reputation for physical culture and fitness, he gained much notoriety for his views on sexual
628:
for the
Tarrytown School read: "To Meet the Needs of a Nation at War". The boys at the Tarrytown School wore uniforms and were subject to military-type discipline and corporal punishment. The Macfadden School operated from 1936 to 1950, and the Tarrytown School operated from 1943 to 1954.
305:
As a young child, Macfadden was weak and sickly. After being orphaned by the time he was 11, he was placed with a farmer and began working on the farm. The hard work and wholesome food on the farm turned him into a strong and fit boy. When he was 13, however, he moved to
2233:
The
Medical Follies: An Analysis of the Foibles of Some Healing Cults, including Osteopathy, Homeopathy, Chiropractic, and the Electronic Reactions of Abrams, with Essays on the Anti-Vivisectionists, Health Legislation, Physical Culture, Birth Control, and
545:– a moniker he detested – he was branded a "kook" and a charlatan by many, arrested on obscenity charges, and denounced by the medical establishment. Throughout his life, he campaigned tirelessly against "pill-pushers", processed foods, and prudery.
769:
wrote that "In his campaign, Bernarr
Macfadden aligned himself with the border-line cultists that oppose scientific medicine and devote themselves to the promotion of some single conception of disease causation, prevention, and treatment."
718:
Two of
Macfadden's children died for lack of medical care, as Macfadden viewed all doctors as quacks. When one of his daughters died of a heart condition, he remarked, "It's better she's gone; she only would have disgraced me."
302:, Macfadden changed his first and last names to give them a greater appearance of strength. He thought "Bernarr" sounded like the roar of a lion, and that "Macfadden" was a more masculine spelling of his last name.
532:
behavior. He viewed intercourse as a healthy activity and not solely a procreative one; this was a different attitude than most physicians had at the time. He also attempted to found a "Physical
Culture City" in
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426:, though it was a large-size magazine that preserved Macfadden's confessional style for most of its stories. In 1928, Macfadden made more overt moves into the pulps with, for example,
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Macfadden made an unsuccessful attempt to found a religion, "cosmotarianism", based on physical culture. He claimed that his regimen would enable him to reach the age of 150.
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466:(1930), originated as Good Story magazines. In 1931, Macfadden purchased the assets of the Mackinnon-Fly magazine publishers, which gave him the pioneering sci-fi pulp
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The
Macfadden Foundation also operated Castle Heights Military Academy in Lebanon, Tennessee. The foundation began in 1931 when he gave $ 50 million to it.
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and took a desk job. Quickly his health reverted again and by 16 he described himself as a "physical wreck". He started exercising again with
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1939:
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1966:
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55:
1526:
2191:
Mr. America: How
Muscular Millionaire Bernarr Macfadden Transformed the Nation Through Sex, Salad, and the Ultimate Starvation Diet.
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536:, which folded after a few years and became the vacation-cabin neighborhood, and, later, suburban development of Outcalt.
81:
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The collection includes 97 issues of Physical Culture magazine dated between February 1910 and August-September 1951.
330:(1899–1951?), an American magazine on bodybuilding, health, and fitness, and was editor up to the August 1912 issue.
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not support it as an ascetic practice, but rather because he believed its ultimate benefits outweighed its costs.
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48:
1645:
Griffith, Ruth Marie (2000). "Apostles of abstinence: Fasting and masculinity during the Progressive Era".
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He was particularly opposed to the consumption of white bread, which he called the "staff of death".
17:
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Macfadden has drawn criticism for suggesting in his books that readers not consult any professional
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Macfadden died in 1955 after refusing medical treatment for a digestive disorder. He is interred in
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Macfadden's legacy after his death has largely been tarnished by details of his private life.
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267:
2205:"The Feminism of Bernarr Macfadden: Physical Culture Magazine and the Empowerment of Women"
1849:"The Feminism of Bernarr Macfadden: Physical Culture Magazine and the Empowerment of Women"
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for producing "pornographic" posters to promote one of his Physical Culture Exhibitions.
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His Macfadden Foundation established two boarding schools for young boys and girls in
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314:, walking up to six miles a day with a lead weight in his clothes, and he became a
271:
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Macfadden was married four times and had eight children. His son Jack appeared on
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At the peak of his career, Macfadden owned several hotels and a major building in
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2167:
Whorton, James (1991). "Weakness is a Crime: The Life of Bernarr Macfadden".
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696:(December 31, 1953) and talked about his father, who was then 84 years old.
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continued as Good Story publications. Other intended Macfadden pulps, like
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275:
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Bowling Green, Ohio: Bowling Green State University Popular Press, 1989.
1329:. Vol. 5. New York city, Physical culture publishing company. 1920.
1319:. Vol. 4. New York city, Physical culture publishing company. 1920.
1309:. Vol. 3. New York city, Physical culture publishing company. 1920.
1299:. Vol. 2. New York city, Physical culture publishing company. 1920.
1289:. Vol. 1. New York city, Physical culture publishing company. 1920.
904:
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618:(Scarborough), originally for ages 4 – 12, and the Tarrytown School in
514:
337:
magazine which told their personal stories resulted in a new magazine,
2102:
The Medical Follies: An Analysis of the Foibles of Some Healing Cults
774:
760:
403:
703:
Macfadden had ambitions for political office. He sought election as
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438:(1929). These were all unsuccessful. In 1929, Macfadden underwrote
266:, August 16, 1868 – October 12, 1955) was an American proponent of
2140:
Todd, Jan (1987). "Bernarr Macfadden: Reformer of Feminine Form".
1527:"Nudity, Fasting, and Eyelid Workouts: The Original Wellness Guru"
796:
Macfadden wrote over 100 books. This is a partial list of titles:
751:. Macfadden supported unorthodox ideas that are widely derided as
677:
586:
496:
274:
with nutritional and health theories. He founded the long-running
653:
Boys in dress uniform, 1948 or 1949, Macfadden's Tarrytown School
2352:"The Milk Diet: How to Use the Milk Diet Scientifically at Home"
473:
Macfadden also contributed to many articles and books including
2381:
1940:"The Strange Tale of a World-Changing Fitness and Sleaze Titan"
773:
Some of Macfadden's publications also drew criticism for their
700:
Bernarr and Mary separated in 1932, and they divorced in 1946.
1881:
Burstyn, Joan N. (1996). "Biographies: 1866–1920, Macfadden".
1427:"The True Story of Bernard Macfadden | AMERICAN HERITAGE"
1099:
Walking Cure, Pep and Power from Walking – How to Cure Disease
989:
Macfadden Prosecution: A Curious Story of Wrong and Oppression
31:
27:
American physical culturist and magazine publisher (1868–1955)
1629:
Ghost Stories: The Magazine and Its Makers: Volumes 1 & 2
665:
Graduation exercises, June 1953, Macfadden's Tarrytown School
1386:
Dumbbells and Carrot Strips: the Story of Bernarr Macfadden
867:. with Mary Richardson, assisted by George Propheter. 1901.
517:
that previously had been associated with illnesses such as
422:
was a nod in the direction of the rapidly growing field of
366:, Macfadden eventually grew a publishing empire, including
739:
became the president of the Bernarr Macfadden Foundation.
1959:"Meet the Wackiest Millionaire Ever to Run for President"
1500:
H.J. Lutcher Stark Center for Physical Culture and Sports
1402:
Uncle John's Triumphant 20th Anniversary Bathroom Reader
2059:
Sociology of Medicine: Diversity, Conflict, and Change
1837:
Dansville Express and Advertiser, 2 October 1931, p. 7
1049:. New York, Physical culture publishing company. 1919.
1019:. New York city, Physical culture publishing co. 1916.
1001:. New York City, Physical Culture Publishing Co. 1915.
827:. New York, Physical culture publishing company. 1900.
2119:. Bowling Green State University Press. p. 106.
1730:
Becoming Raw: The Essential Guide to Raw Vegan Diets
3136:
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3019:
3010:
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2482:
2473:
2466:
2415:
2250:
Body Love: The Amazing Career of Bernarr Macfadden.
2226:
Weakness Is a Crime: The Life of Bernarr Macfadden.
1801:
Westchester County Deed Book (liber 5399, page 315)
1728:Davis, Brenda, RD; Melina, Vesanto, MS, RD (2010).
243:
232:
224:
216:
206:
187:
161:
136:
62:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2264:"Bernarr Macfadden: From Pornography to Politics,"
2117:Body Love: The Amazing Career of Bernarr Macfadden
1715:Weakness Is a Crime: The Life of Bernarr Macfadden
1405:. Bathroom Readers Press. 2007. pp. 213–216.
1122:
2328:Bernarr Macfadden, the Father of Physical Culture
2245:. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2022.
857:. New York, Physical culture publishing co. 1901.
2074:. (2012 edition, originally published in 1957).
1774:Physical Culture magazine, September 1939, p. 73
2242:True Story: How a Pulp Empire Remade Mass Media
1885:. Syracuse University Press. pp. 167–168.
1717:. Syracuse University Press. pp. 118, 179.
3260:Burials at Woodlawn Cemetery (Bronx, New York)
2228:Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 1991.
1082:Constipation: Its Cause, Effect, and Treatment
2393:
534:Monroe Township, Middlesex County, New Jersey
8:
1828:Shenectady Gazette, 25 September 1931, p. 17
1742:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1326:Macfadden's Encyclopedia of Physical Culture
1316:Macfadden's Encyclopedia of Physical Culture
1306:Macfadden's Encyclopedia of Physical Culture
1296:Macfadden's Encyclopedia of Physical Culture
1286:Macfadden's Encyclopedia of Physical Culture
479:MacFadden's Encyclopedia of Physical Culture
1883:Past and Promise: Lives of New Jersey Women
1640:
1638:
1185:Rheumatism, Its Cause, Nature and Treatment
777:and sexual content. He was targeted by the
318:. He quickly regained his previous health.
3016:
2479:
2470:
2400:
2386:
2378:
2370:provides electronic access to editions of
2200:New York: Ballantine Books, rev. ed. 1967.
1984:. Twenty-First Century Books. p. 56.
1810:New York Times Magazine, 7 Mar 1943, p. 39
144:
133:
2323:My Last Million Readers by Emile Gauvreau
2077:Fads and Fallacies in the Name of Science
1906:
1904:
1902:
1399:"Dustbin of History: Bernarr Macfadden".
1384:Macfadden, Mary; Gauvreau, Emile (1953).
1197:. New York, Macfadden publications. 1927.
1163:. New York, Macfadden Publications. 1926.
1129:. New York, Macfadden publications. 1925.
1115:Diabetes: Its Cause, Nature and Treatment
1085:. New York, Macfadden publications. 1924.
1075:. New York, Macfadden publications. 1923.
622:. On March 7, 1943, the advertisement in
122:Learn how and when to remove this message
2368:The Physical Culture Magazine collection
1551:Taylor, Robert Lewis (October 6, 1950).
3270:People associated with physical culture
1914:Mighty Macfadden: An Amazing Life Story
1466:"Collection: Physical Culture magazine"
1441:"Physical Culture archives (1899–1948)"
1353:
631:
550:
228:Bodybuilder, author, magazine publisher
2287:Bernarr Macfadden: A Study in Success.
1969:from the original on December 1, 2021.
1792:Citizen Register, 22 Aug 1950, p. 1, 2
1735:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1357:
870:
513:Macfadden popularized the practice of
362:Aided by long-time Supervising Editor
3230:American exercise and fitness writers
1819:Las Vegas Review Journal, 15 Feb 1951
1525:Gilmore, Nicholas (August 16, 2018).
18:Physical Culture (Macfadden magazine)
7:
3240:American health and wellness writers
2423:Johann Christoph Friedrich GutsMuths
2257:The True Story of Bernarr Macfadden.
2104:. Boni & Liveright. p. 175.
1957:Daugherty, Greg (October 16, 2015).
834:Power and Beauty of Superb Womanhood
60:adding citations to reliable sources
2314:Works by or about Bernarr Macfadden
2169:Bulletin of the History of Medicine
2080:. Dover Publications. pp. 186–192.
1938:Watson, Bruce (September 9, 2013).
1125:Headaches: How Caused and How Cured
779:Society for the Suppression of Vice
641:Page from Tarrytown School Brochure
539:Nicknamed "Body Love Macfadden" by
475:The Virile Powers of Superb Manhood
380:, the once-familiar movie magazine
1783:The Herald Statesman, 22 Aug 1950,
25:
3275:People from Englewood, New Jersey
2289:NY: Lewis Copeland Company, 1929.
2259:NY: Lewis Copeland Company, 1929.
1756:The Daily News, 27 Apr 1940, p. 1
1690:Copeland, Libby (April 6, 2012).
1582:Dansville Area Historical Society
814:Fasting, Hydropathy, and Exercise
735:, New York City. Upon his death,
396:. Macfadden's magazines included
333:In May 1919, readers letters to
3188:
3187:
2061:. Harper & Row. p. 213.
1765:The Daily News, 27 Apr 1940, p.1
1470:Archives and Special Collections
658:
646:
634:
570:
553:
249:
36:
3285:Pseudoscientific diet advocates
2236:NY: Boni & Liveright, 1925.
2033:Muscles, Sex, Money, & Fame
1553:"Physical Culture Sink or Swim"
824:Virile Powers of Superb Manhood
47:needs additional citations for
2057:Rosengren, William R. (1980).
1211:Talks to a Young Man About Sex
906:Marriage: a Lifelong Honeymoon
1:
3280:People from Sedalia, Missouri
3235:American exercise instructors
1505:University of Texas at Austin
1495:"Physical Culture, 1899-1910"
1445:onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu
934:Health, Beauty, and Sexuality
560:
151:
2500:Edward William Barton-Wright
2364:published from 1899 to 1910.
2269:May 19, 1936, pp. 8–11.
1847:Endres, Kathleen L. (2011).
1177:Predetermine Your Baby's Sex
612:Westchester County, New York
393:The New York Evening Graphic
2360:provides digital access to
2354:(1923) by Bernarr Macfadden
2337:(1915) by Bernarr Macfadden
2198:The Nuts Among the Berries.
2036:. Lulu.com. pp. 487–.
962:Physical Culture for Babies
925:Creative and Sexual Science
625:The New York Times Magazine
591:Macfadden skydiving in 1951
444:Good Story Magazine Company
326:In 1899, Macfadden founded
3301:
3245:American magazine founders
3225:American male bodybuilders
2448:Francisco Amorós y Ondeano
2305:Works by Bernarr Macfadden
1374:. Encyclopaedia Britannica
1160:Colds, Coughs, and Catarrh
1091:How to Raise a Strong Baby
864:Physical Culture Cook Book
614:: the Macfadden School in
436:Tales of Danger and Daring
3182:
2358:Ottley Coulter Collection
2115:Hunt, William R. (1989).
2007:One Summer: America, 1927
1631:. Off-Trail Publications.
1627:Locke, John, ed. (2010).
1531:The Saturday Evening Post
981:Muscular Power and Beauty
715:, and even US president.
264:Bernard Adolphus McFadden
248:
166:Bernard Adolphus McFadden
143:
2272:Warner, Chas W. (1934).
2211:. Vol. 13, No. 2 (2011)
2209:Media History Monographs
2193:NY: HarperCollins, 2009.
2142:Journal of Sport History
1856:Media History Monographs
897:Vaccination Superstition
888:Natural Cure for Rupture
446:. Macfadden titles like
2282:. Jackson, Mississippi.
1472:. Ball State University
1245:Practical Birth Control
1135:Strengthening the Spine
1046:Making Old Bodies Young
916:Building of Vital Power
737:Edward Longstreet Bodin
356:True Romance (magazine)
322:Publishing and writings
199:Jersey City, New Jersey
3250:American nutritionists
3120:Bhawanrao Shriniwasrao
2009:. Anchor. p. 29.
1980:Cohen, Daniel (2000).
1713:Ernst, Robert (1991).
1607:Bernarr Macfadden .com
1277:Be Married and Like It
1036:Strengthening the Eyes
1026:Womanhood and Marriage
877:: CS1 maint: others (
705:Mayor of New York City
683:
592:
510:
283:Macfadden Publications
238:Macfadden Publications
3144:Battle of the Systems
2988:Warren Lincoln Travis
2753:Marie Bjelke Petersen
2560:Edith Margaret Garrud
2428:Friedrich Ludwig Jahn
2239:Fitzpatrick, Shanon.
2030:Bennett, Jim (2016).
2005:Bryson, Bill (2014).
1911:Bennett, Jim (2012).
681:
590:
507:Warm Springs, Georgia
503:Franklin D. Roosevelt
500:
457:Thrills of the Jungle
300:Mill Spring, Missouri
180:Mill Spring, Missouri
3105:Seetharaman Sundaram
3067:Kodi Rammurthy Naidu
3052:Jatindra Charan Guho
2948:Dudley Allen Sargent
2570:George Hackenschmidt
2433:Johann Baptist Krebs
2300:BernarrMacfadden.com
2203:Endres, Kathleen L.
1661:10.1353/aq.2000.0047
1269:How to Reduce Weight
1151:Asthma and Hay Fever
1016:Manhood and Marriage
844:Strength from Eating
792:Partial bibliography
463:Love and War Stories
56:improve this article
2605:Jørgen Peter Müller
2333:Project Gutenberg:
2196:Deutsch, Ronald M.
1692:"White Bread Kills"
1603:"Publishing Empire"
1578:"Bernarr Macfadden"
1063:The Miracle of Milk
1055:Truth About Tobacco
759:supposedly healing
597:Dansville, New York
442:'s pulp chain, the
428:Red Blooded Stories
270:, a combination of
71:"Bernarr Macfadden"
3047:Ambika Charan Guha
2963:Genevieve Stebbins
2640:Clara Schlaffhorst
2374:from 1910 to 1948.
2231:Fishbein, Morris.
1648:American Quarterly
1261:How to Gain Weight
1229:Home Health Manual
1203:Digestive Troubles
1072:Fasting for Health
944:How Success Is Won
743:Critical reception
684:
603:and a follower of
593:
511:
483:Fasting for Health
413:Sports Illustrated
406:magazine prior to
3265:Fasting advocates
3202:
3201:
3159:Muscular religion
3132:
3131:
3128:
3127:
3006:
3005:
2958:Amos Alonzo Stagg
2893:Bernarr Macfadden
2858:Annette Kellerman
2803:Keene Fitzpatrick
2708:Marguerite Agniel
2687:Emily Diana Watts
2655:Lionel Strongfort
2555:Gustav Frištenský
2530:Launceston Elliot
2520:François Delsarte
2344:of the covers of
2309:Project Gutenberg
2275:Bernarr Macfadden
2255:Oursler, Fulton.
2248:Hunt, William R.
2043:978-1-365-55689-0
2016:978-0-7679-1941-8
1982:Yellow Journalism
1924:978-1-300-54172-1
1892:978-0-8156-0418-1
1412:978-1-59223-093-8
1388:. New York: Holt.
1372:Bernarr Macfadden
972:A Strenuous Lover
804:Physical Training
729:Woodlawn Cemetery
693:You Bet Your Life
682:Macfadden in 1948
607:'s philosophies.
583:Other enterprises
260:Bernarr Macfadden
257:
256:
211:Woodlawn Cemetery
138:Bernarr Macfadden
132:
131:
124:
106:
16:(Redirected from
3292:
3191:
3190:
3164:Yoga as exercise
3017:
2968:Alois P. Swoboda
2878:Diocletian Lewis
2853:George F. Jowett
2798:Carrica Le Favre
2788:Ludwig Durlacher
2778:C. Ward Crampton
2650:Mary Bagot Stack
2585:F. A. Hornibrook
2580:Oscar Heidenstam
2525:Edmond Desbonnet
2480:
2471:
2443:Franz Nachtegall
2438:Pehr Henrik Ling
2409:Physical culture
2402:
2395:
2388:
2379:
2372:Physical Culture
2362:Physical Culture
2346:Physical Culture
2335:Vitality Supreme
2318:Internet Archive
2177:
2176:
2164:
2158:
2157:
2137:
2131:
2130:
2112:
2106:
2105:
2098:Fishbein, Morris
2094:
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1253:Woman's Sex Life
1248:
1240:
1237:After 40 – What?
1232:
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998:Vitality Supreme
992:
984:
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953:A Perfect Beauty
948:
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876:
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838:
828:
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723:Death and legacy
662:
650:
638:
616:Briarcliff Manor
605:Sylvester Graham
574:
565:
562:
557:
519:anorexia nervosa
335:Physical Culture
328:Physical Culture
268:physical culture
253:
194:
191:October 12, 1955
175:
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3205:
3204:
3203:
3198:
3178:
3169:Natural hygiene
3149:Fitness culture
3124:
3095:Krishnamacharya
3081:
3032:Ramesh Balsekar
3002:
2903:William Muldoon
2873:W. R. C. Latson
2793:George Eiferman
2758:William Blaikie
2723:Sanford Bennett
2696:
2550:Bob Fitzsimmons
2505:Zishe Breitbart
2495:William Bankier
2462:
2411:
2406:
2296:
2285:Wood, Clement.
2267:The New Masses,
2224:Ernst, Robert.
2220:Elon University
2186:
2184:Further reading
2181:
2180:
2166:
2165:
2161:
2139:
2138:
2134:
2127:
2114:
2113:
2109:
2096:
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2072:Gardner, Martin
2070:
2066:
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2044:
2029:
2028:
2024:
2017:
2004:
2003:
1999:
1992:
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1956:
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1944:www.esquire.com
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767:Morris Fishbein
745:
725:
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663:
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651:
642:
639:
585:
578:
575:
566:
563:
558:
495:
493:Health advocacy
468:Amazing Stories
434:(1928–29), and
402:, a preeminent
324:
296:
291:
202:
196:
192:
183:
177:
176:August 16, 1868
171:
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28:
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3037:The Great Gama
3034:
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3014:
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2940:
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2930:
2925:
2920:
2918:Harry Paschall
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2898:Artie McGovern
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2863:Siegmund Klein
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2828:Joe Greenstein
2825:
2820:
2818:John B. Gagnon
2815:
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2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2773:Edwin Checkley
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2743:George Brosius
2740:
2735:
2730:
2728:Pierre Bernard
2725:
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2627:
2622:
2620:William Pullum
2617:
2612:
2610:Hartvig Nissen
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2575:Georges Hébert
2572:
2567:
2565:Hermann Görner
2562:
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2349:
2342:Online archive
2339:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2311:
2302:
2295:
2294:External links
2292:
2291:
2290:
2283:
2270:
2262:Stuart, John,
2260:
2253:
2246:
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2229:
2222:
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2185:
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2178:
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2107:
2089:
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2042:
2022:
2015:
1997:
1990:
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1930:
1923:
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1812:
1803:
1794:
1785:
1776:
1767:
1758:
1749:
1720:
1705:
1682:
1655:(4): 599–638.
1634:
1619:
1594:
1569:
1557:The New Yorker
1543:
1517:
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1143:Tooth Troubles
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559:
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494:
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452:Flying Stories
432:Flying Stories
424:pulp magazines
364:Fulton Oursler
344:True Detective
341:, and, later,
323:
320:
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233:Known for
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195:(aged 87)
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3110:Shri Yogendra
3108:
3106:
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3100:Kuvalayananda
3098:
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2908:Ralph Parcaut
2906:
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2899:
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2846:
2844:
2843:Roy Hilligenn
2841:
2839:
2838:Milo Hastings
2836:
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2826:
2824:
2823:Vince Gironda
2821:
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2799:
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2783:Jack Delinger
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2774:
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2748:Drexel Biddle
2746:
2744:
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2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2718:Clarence Bass
2716:
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2713:Charles Atlas
2711:
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2692:Freddie Welsh
2690:
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2545:Eileen Fowler
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2234:Rejuvenation.
2230:
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2206:
2202:
2199:
2195:
2192:
2189:Adams, Mark.
2188:
2187:
2183:
2175:(4): 599–600.
2174:
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2126:0-87972-463-3
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2086:0-486-20394-8
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3255:Bates method
3186:
3077:Monotosh Roy
3057:Guru Hanuman
3027:Manohar Aich
3020:Bodybuilding
2973:Armand Tanny
2943:Tony Sansone
2928:Steve Reeves
2892:
2868:Jack LaLanne
2768:Alan Calvert
2635:Arthur Saxon
2630:Eugen Sandow
2540:Juan Ferrero
2453:Adolf Spiess
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193:(1955-10-12)
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66:
54:Please help
49:verification
46:
29:
3220:1955 deaths
3215:1868 births
3072:Chandgi Ram
3042:B. C. Ghosh
2983:John Terpak
2953:Larry Scott
2938:Joe Rollino
2848:Bob Hoffman
2833:John Grimek
2808:Mark Forest
2670:Monte Saldo
2625:Joan Rhodes
2590:Thomas Inch
2535:Tony Emmott
2515:Victor Dane
2416:Antecedents
854:Strong Eyes
601:raw foodism
564: 1905
460:(1929) and
430:(1928–29),
390:newspaper,
374:Dream World
236:Founder of
217:Nationality
155: 1910
150:Macfadden,
3209:Categories
3154:Gymnastics
3062:K. V. Iyer
2993:Al Treloar
2933:Leo Robert
2923:Bill Pearl
2913:Kid Parker
2883:Gilman Low
2763:Paul Bragg
2738:Joe Bonomo
2733:Mark Berry
2600:Dan McLeod
2510:Niels Bukh
1991:0761315020
1946:. Esquire.
1612:August 17,
1587:August 17,
1562:August 17,
1536:August 17,
1510:August 17,
1476:August 17,
1450:August 17,
1348:References
755:, such as
709:US Senator
386:, and the
350:True Story
339:True Story
316:vegetarian
294:Early life
279:publishing
172:1868-08-16
112:April 2019
82:newspapers
2978:Vic Tanny
2888:Dan Lurie
2701:New World
2660:Maxalding
2595:John Lees
2217:1940-8862
1963:Money.com
1738:cite book
873:cite book
749:physician
620:Tarrytown
408:Time Inc.
383:Photoplay
312:dumbbells
308:St. Louis
289:Biography
244:Signature
3193:Category
2615:Reg Park
2483:European
2348:magazine
2154:11617513
2100:(1925).
1967:Archived
1677:40920930
1669:16850570
1336:See also
753:quackery
690:'s show
489:(1923).
477:(1900),
298:Born in
281:company
276:magazine
220:American
3174:Pilates
3137:Related
2998:Turners
2813:Ed Fury
2677:Vulcana
2475:Western
2467:Systems
2316:at the
1694:. Slate
1279:. 1937.
1271:. 1936.
1263:. 1936.
1255:. 1935.
1247:. 1935.
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1231:. 1930.
1223:. 1929.
1213:. 1928.
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731:in The
713:Florida
577:In 1923
515:fasting
388:tabloid
369:Liberty
96:scholar
3115:Tiruka
3012:Indian
2665:Maxick
2280:Quacks
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262:(born
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1673:S2CID
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501:With
399:SPORT
103:JSTOR
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