777:
47:
386:
764:
years the number of people with a written active knowledge of the language has shrunk to about 2% of native speakers, according to a recent survey. On the other hand, the same survey showed
Piedmontese is still spoken by over half the population, alongside Italian. Authoritative sources confirm this result, putting the figure between 2 million and 3 million speakers out of a population of 4.2 million people. Efforts to make it one of the official languages of the
436:
306:
5100:
5998:
292:
763:
The last decade has seen the publication of learning materials for schoolchildren, as well as general-public magazines. Courses for people already outside the education system have also been developed. In spite of these advances, the current state of
Piedmontese is quite grave, as over the last 150
852:
A morphological variation that sharply divides east and west is the indicative imperfect conjugation of irregular verbs. In the east, the suffix ava/iva is used, while in the west asìa/isìa is used. The groups are also distinguished by differing conjugation of the present simple of the irregular
759:
In 2004, Piedmontese was recognised as
Piedmont's regional language by the regional parliament, although the Italian government has not yet recognised it as such. In theory, it is now supposed to be taught to children in school, but this is happening only to a limited extent.
849:. Although this development is shared partially (in the case of the infinitive time) also by most of the western dialects, including the Turin one, that is the most spoken dialect of western piedmontese (and also of the whole piedmontese language).
810:
The variants can be detected in the variation of the accent and variation of words. It is sometimes difficult to understand a person that speaks a different
Piedmontese from the one you are used to, as the words or accents are not the same.
799:
Eastern which in turn is divided into south-eastern (Astigiano, Roero, Monregalese, High
Montferrat, Langarolo, Alessandrino) and north-eastern (Low Montferrat, Biellese, Vercellese, Valsesiano).
702:
During the
Renaissance, the oldest Piedmontese literary work of secular character, are the works of Zan Zòrs Alion, poet of the duchy of Montferrat, the most famous work being the opera Jocunda.
5031:
3044:
to quite a large extent. Variation includes not only departures from the literary grammar, but also a wide variety in dictionary entries, as different regions maintain words of
5036:
4558:
1698:, and then shift of nasalization from the vowel to /n/ with development of the /ŋn/ cluster, and subsequent dropping of (/'buna/> /'bũna/> /'buŋna/ > /'buŋa/).
4790:
8251:
4832:
3052:
origin, as well as differences in native
Romance terminology. Words imported from various languages are also present, while more recent imports tend to come from
5143:
5088:
4713:
6362:
443:
4600:
715:
Literary
Piedmontese developed in the 17th and 18th centuries, but it did not gain literary esteem comparable to that of French or Italian, other
5056:
1684:
of or is also present to make some consonant clusters easier to pronounce (ex. novod, "nephew" , > > , this feature is also present in
776:
6813:
5805:
4870:
The
Linguistic Unity of Northern Italy and Rhaetia: Historical Grammar of the Padanian Language. Volume 1: Historical Introduction, Phonology
2879:
so-called verbal pronouns for subjects, which give a
Piedmontese verbal complex the following form: (subject) + verbal pronoun + verb, as in
3092:. It kept many conservative features that Piedmontese abandoned over time. The language never became as large in terms of words as larger
2150:
2074:
1516:
68:
6487:
6375:
1954:
1500:
2512:
2419:
2108:
1715:: NOCTEM > neuit ; LACTEM > làit . Some dialects have reached the more advanced stage, with palatalization of to (for example
5066:
4661:
Approvazione da parte del Senato del Disegno di Legge che tutela le minoranze linguistiche sul territorio nazionale - Approfondimenti
7602:
4755:
831:
A typical eastern features is as allophone of : in word end, at the end of infinitive time of the verb, like in to read and to be (
533:
90:
7662:
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4572:
2959:
2405:
1896:
1334:
826:
1672:
i.e., weakening or dropping of unstressed pro-tonic and post-tonic vowels: /me'luŋ/ > /mə'luŋ/ > /m'luŋ/, same happens in
670:, where many immigrants from Piedmont settled. The Piedmontese language is also spoken in some states of Brazil, along with the
8284:
6950:
6555:
6355:
5658:
5234:
2096:
1988:
1764:
1591:
1383:
456:
8289:
7750:
7651:
2142:
1996:
1616:
8279:
7558:
7236:
3028:Ë sound when consonantal clusters arise that are not permitted by the phonological system. So 'seven stars' is pronounced
2381:
2172:
1598:
1358:
823:
6328:
Venetian is either grouped with the rest of the Italo-Dalmatian or the Gallo-Italic languages, depending on the linguist.
7685:
7088:
4772:
4644:
2944:
2431:
2134:
1966:
1802:
1747:
Latin /k/-/g/ before front vowels, became post-alveolar affricates /t͡ʃ/ and /d͡ʒ/, then /t͡s/ and /d͡z/ due to typical
1412:
1390:
358:
31:
8126:
7564:
6548:
6543:
6538:
6533:
6462:
5074:
4109:
3145:
2184:
1928:
1854:
1623:
1561:
35:
61:
55:
1754:, later /t͡s/ and /d͡z/ became fricatives: /s/ and /z/: CINERE > sënner; CENTUM > sent; GINGIVA > zanziva.
7847:
7419:
6854:
6412:
6348:
5861:
5450:
4803:
Lewis, M. Paul (ed.), 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Sixteenth edition. Dallas, Tex.: SIL International
1908:
1862:
1828:
1734:
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1509:
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regional government but is considered a dialect rather than a separate language by the Italian central government.
7346:
4710:
699:, dating from the 12th century, a document devoted to the education of the Knights Templar stationed in Piedmont.
7434:
6955:
6796:
6763:
6511:
6440:
6422:
6405:
6400:
6390:
5674:
5183:
4746:, a Piedmontese basic language course and conversation guide, published by Assimil Italia (the Italian branch of
4682:; R. Capello, C. Comòli, M.M. Sánchez Martínez, R.J.M. Nové; Regione Piemonte/Gioventura Piemontèisa; Turin, 2001
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185:
72:
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2020:
1577:
466:
370:
7507:
5048:: features online Piedmontese courses for Italian, French, English, and Spanish speakers with drills and tests
4658:
376:
3080:. Some survivors knew the language but as of 2015, the language had gone extinct. It had many loanwards from
7052:
6933:
6906:
6782:
6728:
6435:
6395:
6100:
6085:
5871:
5779:
5636:
5513:
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1888:
1874:
1842:
1712:
1681:
1677:
1298:
1291:
1275:
213:
200:
175:
1666:, i.e., dropping of all of the unstressed vowels at word end, except /a/, which is usually centralized to .
8225:
7621:
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6226:
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2008:
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6133:
6110:
6035:
6027:
5741:
5695:
5548:
5436:
5135:
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2897:
The interrogative form, which adds an enclitic interrogative particle at the end of the verbal form (
2510:
2475:
2443:
2441:
2429:
2417:
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2194:
2182:
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The existence of the third Piedmontese vowel Ë, which is very short (close to the vowel in English
2928:
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1370:
1317:
406:
7063:
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5400:
5218:
5163:
5114:
5104:
5001:
4826:
4134:
3170:
3065:
3010:
3009:
The absence of the phonological contrast that exists in Italian between short (single) and long (
2633:
2629:
2054:
1462:
1220:
846:
840:
264:
7975:
7103:
6467:
4933:"A linguistic sketch of Judeo-Piedmontese and what it tells us about Piedmontese Jews' origins"
8154:
8133:
8053:
8013:
7996:
7872:
7800:
7794:
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7520:
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7373:
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6884:
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6696:
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6371:
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6202:
6128:
6018:
5948:
5917:
5904:
5895:
5840:
5834:
5819:
5688:
5665:
5649:
5603:
5585:
5499:
5491:
5467:
5390:
5363:
5349:
5321:
5272:
5249:
5139:
5127:
5123:
5052:
Piemunteis.it - Online resources about piedmontese language: poems, studies, audio, free books
4962:
4784:
4751:
4540:
4167:
4119:
3203:
3155:
2034:
1605:
1405:
1347:
1284:
1232:
602:
578:
420:
195:
5559:
2270:
is voiced between vowels, at the end of words, immediately before nasal/voiced consonants.
1525:/v/ is realized as labio-velar between /a/ and /u/ and as or when in word-final position.
8107:
8097:
8082:
8070:
7986:
7935:
7899:
7877:
7864:
7858:
7832:
7787:
7776:
7680:
7645:
7629:
7478:
7466:
7399:
7363:
7351:
7319:
7244:
7216:
7189:
7019:
7014:
7002:
6982:
6970:
6911:
6818:
6775:
6716:
6711:
6706:
6670:
6601:
6585:
6482:
5959:
5813:
5755:
5734:
5718:
5711:
5702:
5628:
5477:
5459:
5369:
5303:
5297:
5287:
5200:
5192:
5167:
5155:
4993:
4952:
4944:
4562:
4157:
4152:
4129:
4124:
3193:
3188:
3165:
3160:
3093:
3085:
3073:
2952:
2948:
2886:
The bound form of verbal pronouns, which can be connected to dative and locative particles (
1724:
1720:
1685:
1215:
1210:
843:
748:
696:
660:
622:
618:
598:
594:
582:
562:
492:
424:
416:
402:
223:
180:
819:
The Eastern Piedmontese group is more phonologically evolved than its western counterpart.
689:
8191:
8177:
8058:
7960:
7950:
7894:
7745:
7733:
7673:
7668:
7483:
7412:
7394:
7341:
7271:
7228:
7140:
7121:
7073:
6960:
6926:
6879:
6874:
6596:
6528:
6500:
6294:
6275:
6245:
6193:
6174:
6090:
5966:
5792:
5681:
5598:
5593:
5553:
5522:
5159:
5026:
4717:
4144:
3180:
3089:
1740:
The Latin unvoiced occlusive /p/, /t/, /k/, are voiced (becoming /b/, /d/, /g/), and then
1673:
1470:
1433:
1237:
614:
574:
167:
131:
7194:
1654:/ are in stressed syllables and as when in unstressed position and at end of the word.
705:
In the 1500s and 1600s, there were several pastoral comedies with parts in Piedmontese.
415: Areas where Piedmontese is spoken alongside other languages (Occitan, Arpitan and
8242:
8149:
8144:
8065:
7945:
7907:
7639:
7288:
7199:
7145:
7115:
7007:
6691:
6619:
6565:
6281:
6157:
6143:
6120:
6105:
5953:
5912:
5748:
5254:
5244:
5210:
5151:
4804:
3041:
1244:
671:
590:
4544:
743:
The first documents in the Piedmontese language were written in the 12th century, the
682:
The first documents in the Piedmontese language were written in the 12th century, the
350:
8273:
8184:
8087:
8075:
7807:
7515:
7172:
7110:
6606:
6340:
6250:
6179:
6166:
6095:
5973:
5530:
5147:
5131:
5021:
3077:
1763:
Piedmontese is written with a modified Latin alphabet. The letters, along with their
1543:
1376:
1323:
1250:
5057:
Piemontese basic lexicon (several dialects) at the Global Lexicostatistical Database
4626:
7966:
7826:
7221:
6300:
6075:
6003:
5277:
2911:
The existence of three affirmative interjections (that is, three ways to say yes):
2533:
2525:
1751:
1705:
1691:
148:
17:
7882:
4692:
7368:
1744:
and usually drop: FORMICAM > formìa; APRILEM > avril, CATHÉDRA > careja.
8028:
8021:
7758:
7324:
7293:
6308:
5171:
4680:
Piemontèis d'amblé - Avviamento Modulare alla conoscenza della Lingua piemontese
2984:
1555:
1538:
435:
363:
5061:
828:
for example the westerns , , and (milk, all and old) in the east are , and .
7306:
7298:
6899:
6658:
5993:
5618:
5355:
4522:
1631:
1548:
720:
4966:
1737:
of and : Latin CLARUS > ciàr , "light", GLANDIA > gianda "nut".
8102:
7940:
7282:
6577:
5395:
4596:
4549:
2122:
2082:
1585:
664:
642:
343:
327:
7728:
7266:
4567:
4948:
4517:
2904:
The absence of ordinal numerals higher than 'sixth', so that 'seventh' is
334:
8092:
7887:
7723:
7539:
6987:
6835:
5725:
4711:
Knowledge and Usage of the Piedmontese Language in Turin and its Province
3049:
1741:
1716:
803:
716:
653:
638:
626:
606:
570:
474:
462:
311:
144:
136:
4957:
7711:
7576:
7336:
7314:
7254:
7249:
6738:
6723:
6255:
5771:
5326:
5311:
4984:
Zallio, A. G. (1927). "The Piedmontese Dialects in the United States".
4554:
3097:
1663:
728:
630:
470:
140:
5005:
7913:
7259:
7182:
7162:
6894:
5613:
5040:
4931:
Duberti, Nicola; Milano, Maria Teresa; Miola, Emanuele (2015-11-01).
4665:[Text of motion 1118 in the Piedmontese Regional Parliament]
3053:
3045:
2876:
822:
The words that in the west end with jt, jd or t in the east end with
724:
667:
634:
392:
1701:
Development of vowels /ø/ and /y/ from and of Latin, respectively.
4997:
4629:[University-level course material - physics and calculus].
3040:
Piedmontese has a number of varieties that may vary from its basic
7177:
7150:
5099:
793:
789:
775:
732:
646:
442:
Piedmontese was classified as Definitely Endangered by the UNESCO
297:
190:
121:
30:"Piedmontese" and "Piemontese" redirect here. For other uses, see
3069:
2346:
are used to regularly represent specific sounds as shown below.
6344:
5070:
4771:
E. Allasino, C. Ferrer, E. Scamuzzi, T. Telmon (October 2007).
2883:'I go'. Verbal pronouns are absent only in the imperative form.
712:, a comedy by Giovan Battista Tan-na d'Entraive was published.
522:
501:
401: Areas where Piedmontese is spoken (municipalities where
40:
4850:. The dialects of Italy: London: Routledge. pp. 237–244.
3108:
Lexical comparison with other Romance languages and English:
2871:
Some of the characteristics of the Piedmontese language are:
2524:
All other combinations of letters are pronounced as written.
5051:
5045:
4890:
Grammatica storica della lingua italiana e dei suoi dialetti
4750:, the leading French producer of language courses) in 2006.
723:
in Piedmontese has never ceased to be produced: it includes
569:) is a language spoken by some 2,000,000 people mostly in
510:
473:
characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
4725:, a Turin-based market research company on behalf of the
4759:
3100:, and it never developed a standardized writing system.
4779:. Istituto di Ricerche Economiche e Sociali Piemonte.
4729:
party in the Piedmontese Regional Parliament in 2003
4669:. Consiglio Regionale del Piemonte. 15 December 1999.
4647:. Consiglio regionale del Piemonte. 30 November 1999.
534:
525:
513:
495:
519:
504:
498:
267:
8218:
8169:
8118:
8042:
7846:
7819:
7768:
7620:
7506:
7452:
7433:
7062:
7051:
6804:
6795:
6756:
6636:
6521:
6510:
6421:
6383:
6268:
6238:
6201:
6192:
6165:
6156:
6119:
6066:
6057:
6026:
6017:
5939:
5930:
5903:
5894:
5852:
5804:
5627:
5584:
5575:
5539:
5521:
5512:
5476:
5458:
5449:
5422:
5413:
5381:
5335:
5263:
5227:
5209:
5191:
5182:
577:. Although considered by most linguists a separate
516:
507:
369:
357:
341:
325:
320:
280:
275:
258:
164:
154:
127:
117:
105:
4645:"Atti del Consiglio - Mozioni e Ordini del Giorno"
4559:Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
1711:Latin groups of occlusives and become -, as in
1185:
1178:
1171:
1164:
1157:
1150:
1138:
1131:
1124:
1117:
1110:
1103:
1091:
1084:
1077:
1070:
1063:
1056:
1044:
1037:
1030:
1023:
1016:
1009:
997:
990:
983:
976:
969:
962:
950:
943:
936:
929:
922:
915:
866:
860:
854:
581:, in Italy it is often mistakenly regarded as an
556:
545:
4601:"Per la Consulta il piemontese non è una lingua"
2980:The existence of an S-C combination pronounced .
2973:), for which an alveolar S sound (as in English
641:(some municipalities in the westernmost part of
784:Piedmontese is divided into three major groups
27:Gallo-Italic language spoken in Piedmont, Italy
6356:
5082:
2331:before dental consonants and between vowels,
8:
4789:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
8252:languages with more than 5 million speakers
2303:Before consonants and at the end of words,
419:) and areas of linguistic transition (with
7835:(mixed Romani–Ibero- and Occitano-Romance)
7449:
7059:
6801:
6518:
6363:
6349:
6341:
6198:
6162:
6063:
6023:
6014:
5936:
5900:
5581:
5518:
5455:
5419:
5188:
5179:
5089:
5075:
5067:
4831:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
4591:
4589:
1767:equivalent, are shown in the table below.
434:
384:
102:
4956:
4817:Brero, Camillo; Bertodatti, Remo (2000).
4695:[Piedmontese courses at School].
4566:
2995:), which usually precedes a vowel, as in
609:), which would make it part of the wider
91:Learn how and when to remove this message
5030:) is being considered for deletion. See
4742:F. Rubat Borel, M. Tosco, V. Bertolino.
3110:
2567:
2348:
2335:( by some speakers) at the end of words.
1769:
1532:
1204:
873:
444:Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger
54:This article includes a list of general
6321:
4863:
4861:
4859:
4857:
4510:
2502:
2207:
585:. It is linguistically included in the
467:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
4824:
4782:
3068:, a dialect spoken by the Piedmontese
788:Western which include the dialects of
550:
409:presence is only de jure are included)
4937:Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie
4911:
4909:
4907:
4905:
4903:
4901:
4899:
4883:
4881:
4879:
2226:
2224:
391:Piedmontese language distribution in
257:
7:
4545:"Glottolog 4.8 - Piemontese-Lombard"
780:Geographical variants of piedmontese
3076:, when most were killed during the
3013:) consonants, for example, Italian
8256:Languages between parentheses are
5265:Intermediate Southern (Neapolitan)
4819:Grammatica della lingua piemontese
611:western group of Romance languages
60:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
8136:(unknown further classification)
5046:Cultural Association "Nòste Rèis"
5034:to help reach a consensus. ›
4918:Repertorio Etimologico Piemontese
2114:
1694:of vowels in front of /n/, as in
1638:
1622:
1615:
1604:
1597:
1590:
1576:
1567:
1560:
1515:
1508:
1499:
1477:
1461:
1454:
1445:
1438:
1418:
1411:
1389:
1382:
1357:
1333:
1308:
1297:
1290:
1274:
1263:
1256:
806:region in north-western Piedmont.
747:, when it was extremely close to
695:, when it was extremely close to
5996:
5115:Historical linguistic minorities
5098:
4543:; Bank, Sebastian (2023-07-10).
2960:voiceless postalveolar fricative
719:used in Piedmont. Nevertheless,
491:
304:
290:
45:
5062:Omniglot's entry on Piedmontese
4693:"Arbut - Ël piemontèis a scòla"
4575:from the original on 2023-10-29
8260:of the language on their left.
8130:(Western Romance-based pidgin)
4627:"Tàula ëd Matemàtica e Fìsica"
1719:dialect and ), as happens in
663:Piedmontese has spread in the
625:. It is spoken in the core of
1:
4697:www.gioventurapiemonteisa.net
3325:salir, sallir, ixir, salldre
3064:A variety of Piedmontese was
652:It has some support from the
3122:Occitano- and Ibero-Romance
2908:'the one which makes seven'.
2540:) and breaks diphthongs, so
1629:
1553:
32:Piedmontese (disambiguation)
8127:Mediterranean Lingua Franca
4916:Cornagliotti, Anna (2015).
4805:ISO 639-3, pms (Piemontese)
2307:represents the velar nasal
2290:in open syllables and just
871:(to give, to go, to stay).
839:. eastern , ) and at words
36:Piemontese (disambiguation)
8306:
7829:(mixed Portuguese–Spanish)
6855:Gallo-Italic of Basilicata
6649:Central−Southern Calabrian
5862:Gallo-Italic of Basilicata
5345:Central-Southern Calabrian
3275:agafar, agarrar, replegar
3116:Gallo-Italic and Venetian
2939:, as in Occitan, or maybe
2556:is pronounced separately,
2517:in some Italian loanwords.
766:Turin 2006 Winter Olympics
29:
8234:
7384:
6013:
5991:
5675:Comasco-Lecchese dialects
5178:
5111:
3130:
3127:
3124:
3118:
3115:
2977:) is usually substituted.
2528:marks stress (except for
2495:
2485:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2351:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1772:
1635:
1614:
1603:
1584:
1537:
1491:
1469:
1432:
1369:
1316:
1243:
1207:
884:
881:
815:Eastern and western group
453:
433:
383:
110:
7137:North American dialects
6644:Extreme Southern Italian
5032:templates for discussion
4773:"Le Lingue del Piemonte"
3319:sortir, sal(h)ir, eissir
802:Canavese, spoken in the
6556:Central−Northern Latian
5235:Central-Northern Latian
4868:Hull, Geoffrey (2017).
4077:manyana, deman, maitín
2536:to distinguish it from
1678:Gallo-Romance languages
1186:
1179:
1172:
1165:
1158:
1151:
1139:
1132:
1125:
1118:
1111:
1104:
1092:
1085:
1078:
1071:
1064:
1057:
1045:
1038:
1031:
1024:
1017:
1010:
998:
991:
984:
977:
970:
963:
951:
944:
937:
930:
923:
916:
867:
861:
855:
735:, and scientific work.
708:In the Baroque period,
557:
546:
75:more precise citations.
8285:Gallo-Italic languages
6860:Gallo-Italic of Sicily
5867:Gallo-Italic of Sicily
5659:Bustocco and Legnanese
4807:Retrieved 13 June 2012
4744:Il Piemontese in Tasca
4727:Riformisti per l'Ulivo
4568:10.5281/zenodo.7398962
2901:'Do you want to...?'])
2532:which is marked by an
781:
613:, which also includes
587:Gallo-Italic languages
566:
455:This article contains
8290:Languages of Piedmont
7347:Poitevin–Saintongeais
6290:Italian Sign Language
6239:Other German dialects
5382:Other Italo-Dalmatian
4949:10.1515/zrp-2015-0072
3868:Mrs. (Misses/Missus)
779:
552:[pjemʊŋˈtɛjz]
160:2,000,000 (2012)
8280:Piedmontese language
7156:St. Marys Bay French
6680:Neapolitan–Calabrese
5742:Southwestern Lombard
5037:Piedmontese language
4846:Parry, Mair (1997).
4777:www.ires.piemonte.it
4631:digilander.libero.it
3293:coger, tomar, pillar
2119:/ or (semivocalic),
1729:Brazilian Portuguese
1708:: SERRARE > saré.
1658:Phonological process
7508:Galician–Portuguese
6534:Central Marchigiano
6042:Vaccarizzo Albanian
4537:Hammarström, Harald
3701:moriziego, moricec
3024:The existence of a
2983:The existence of a
2958:The absence of the
2919:, as in Italian);
2569:
2071:, or (semivocalic)
875:
768:were unsuccessful.
282:Recognised minority
18:Piemontese language
7922:Catalan Ribagorçan
7769:Pyrenean–Mozarabic
7041:Judaeo-Piedmontese
6951:Bustocco–Legnanese
6746:Northern Calabrian
5877:Judaeo-Piedmontese
5853:Other Gallo-Italic
5105:Languages of Italy
4716:2006-02-07 at the
4541:Haspelmath, Martin
4539:; Forkel, Robert;
3698:ratpenat, moricec
3290:prendere, pigliare
3104:Lexical comparison
3056:and from Italian.
2568:
874:
782:
745:sermones subalpini
685:sermones subalpini
629:, in northwestern
265:Judaeo-Piedmontese
8267:
8266:
8243:extinct languages
8165:
8164:
7842:
7841:
7801:Navarro-Aragonese
7686:Peruvian Ribereño
7611:Judaeo-Portuguese
7526:Galician–Asturian
7429:
7428:
7420:Old Gallo-Romance
7374:Wisconsin Walloon
6791:
6790:
6764:Dalmatian Romance
6372:Romance languages
6338:
6337:
6317:
6316:
6264:
6263:
6221:Southern Bavarian
6188:
6187:
6152:
6151:
6144:Triestine Serbian
6053:
6052:
6028:Arbëresh language
5989:
5988:
5985:
5984:
5926:
5925:
5890:
5889:
5643:Brianzöö dialects
5571:
5570:
5508:
5507:
5445:
5444:
5409:
5408:
4888:Rohlfs, Gerhard.
4721:, carried out by
4502:
4501:
4177:dominica/domigna
3692:signàpola/nòtoła
3278:agafar, replegar
3119:Occitano-Romance
3066:Judeo-Piedmontese
3060:Judeo-Piedmontese
2947:, French and Old
2864:
2863:
2499:
2498:
2204:
2203:
1859:or (semivocalic)
1680:. In some cases,
1648:
1647:
1523:
1522:
1408:
1379:
1350:
1326:
1287:
1253:
1193:
1192:
772:Regional variants
672:Venetian language
558:lenga piemontèisa
481:
480:
463:rendering support
459:phonetic symbols.
101:
100:
93:
16:(Redirected from
8297:
7788:Judaeo-Aragonese
7777:Andalusi Romance
7630:Amazonic Spanish
7467:Western Asturian
7450:
7389:Franco-Provençal
7060:
6956:Comasco–Lecchese
6814:Emilian–Romagnol
6802:
6602:Regional Italian
6592:Italo-Australian
6519:
6441:Megleno-Romanian
6365:
6358:
6351:
6342:
6329:
6326:
6303:
6284:
6229:
6199:
6163:
6064:
6044:
6024:
6015:
6006:
6001:
6000:
5999:
5976:
5969:
5962:
5937:
5901:
5843:
5829:
5822:
5806:Emilian–Romagnol
5795:
5788:
5774:
5765:
5758:
5751:
5744:
5737:
5728:
5721:
5714:
5705:
5698:
5691:
5684:
5677:
5668:
5661:
5652:
5645:
5582:
5562:
5541:Franco-Provençal
5519:
5494:
5456:
5451:Occitano-Romance
5420:
5372:
5358:
5337:Extreme Southern
5306:
5201:Regional Italian
5189:
5180:
5136:Franco-Provençal
5103:
5102:
5091:
5084:
5077:
5068:
5009:
4971:
4970:
4960:
4943:(4): 1042–1064.
4928:
4922:
4921:
4913:
4894:
4893:
4885:
4874:
4873:
4865:
4852:
4851:
4843:
4837:
4836:
4830:
4822:
4814:
4808:
4801:
4795:
4794:
4788:
4780:
4768:
4762:
4740:
4734:
4732:
4707:
4701:
4700:
4689:
4683:
4677:
4671:
4670:
4668:
4655:
4649:
4648:
4641:
4635:
4634:
4623:
4617:
4616:
4614:
4612:
4607:on March 1, 2012
4603:. Archived from
4593:
4584:
4583:
4581:
4580:
4570:
4533:
4527:
4526:(19th ed., 2016)
4515:
3748:escuela, escola
3213:cadrega/ careja
3134:Eastern Romance
3128:Italo-Dalmatian
3111:
3094:Jewish languages
3074:Second World War
2964:
2945:Franco-Provençal
2906:col che a fà set
2894:'I say to him').
2875:The presence of
2570:
2559:
2551:
2518:
2516:
2507:
2493:
2481:
2469:
2461:
2457:
2447:
2435:
2423:
2409:
2397:
2385:
2349:
2336:
2334:
2330:
2326:
2318:
2312:
2310:
2301:
2295:
2293:
2289:
2285:
2277:
2271:
2265:
2259:
2257:
2253:
2228:
2219:
2212:
2200:
2188:
2176:
2168:
2154:
2146:
2138:
2126:
2118:
2112:
2100:
2086:
2078:
2070:
2058:
2050:
2038:
2024:
2012:
2000:
1992:
1978:
1970:
1958:
1946:
1932:
1924:
1912:
1900:
1892:
1878:
1866:
1858:
1846:
1832:
1814:
1806:
1770:
1653:
1642:
1626:
1619:
1608:
1601:
1594:
1580:
1571:
1564:
1533:
1519:
1512:
1503:
1481:
1465:
1458:
1449:
1442:
1422:
1415:
1404:
1393:
1386:
1375:
1361:
1346:
1337:
1322:
1312:
1301:
1294:
1283:
1278:
1267:
1260:
1249:
1205:
1189:
1182:
1175:
1168:
1161:
1154:
1142:
1135:
1128:
1121:
1114:
1107:
1095:
1088:
1081:
1074:
1067:
1060:
1048:
1041:
1034:
1027:
1020:
1013:
1001:
994:
987:
980:
973:
966:
954:
947:
940:
933:
926:
919:
876:
870:
864:
858:
693:
661:Italian diaspora
560:
554:
549:
541:
537:
532:
531:
528:
527:
524:
521:
518:
515:
512:
509:
506:
503:
500:
497:
490:
447:
438:
414:
400:
388:
379:
353:
337:
330:
310:
308:
307:
296:
294:
293:
284:language in
269:
170:
103:
96:
89:
85:
82:
76:
71:this article by
62:inline citations
49:
48:
41:
21:
8305:
8304:
8300:
8299:
8298:
8296:
8295:
8294:
8270:
8269:
8268:
8263:
8230:
8214:
8192:Pannonian Latin
8178:African Romance
8161:
8114:
8045:
8038:
7976:Judeo-Provençal
7849:
7838:
7815:
7764:
7674:Chilean Chilote
7616:
7502:
7443:
7439:
7436:
7425:
7413:Moselle Romance
7380:
7229:Missouri French
7190:Franco-Ontarian
7065:
7054:
7047:
6787:
6752:
6729:Southern Latian
6632:
6597:Maltese Italian
6529:Central Italian
6513:
6506:
6501:Common Romanian
6417:
6401:Italo-Dalmatian
6379:
6369:
6339:
6334:
6333:
6332:
6327:
6323:
6313:
6299:
6280:
6260:
6246:Austrian German
6234:
6225:
6184:
6175:Calabrian Greek
6148:
6115:
6101:Natisone Valley
6086:Inner Carniolan
6049:
6040:
6009:
6002:
5997:
5995:
5981:
5972:
5965:
5958:
5922:
5886:
5854:
5848:
5839:
5825:
5818:
5800:
5791:
5784:
5780:Eastern Lombard
5770:
5761:
5754:
5747:
5740:
5733:
5724:
5717:
5710:
5701:
5694:
5687:
5680:
5673:
5664:
5657:
5648:
5641:
5637:Western Lombard
5623:
5567:
5558:
5535:
5504:
5490:
5472:
5441:
5405:
5383:
5377:
5368:
5354:
5331:
5317:Southern Latian
5302:
5283:Castelmezzanese
5259:
5223:
5205:
5174:
5107:
5097:
5095:
5035:
5016:
4986:American Speech
4983:
4980:
4978:Further reading
4975:
4974:
4930:
4929:
4925:
4915:
4914:
4897:
4887:
4886:
4877:
4867:
4866:
4855:
4845:
4844:
4840:
4823:
4816:
4815:
4811:
4802:
4798:
4781:
4770:
4769:
4765:
4741:
4737:
4730:
4718:Wayback Machine
4708:
4704:
4691:
4690:
4686:
4678:
4674:
4666:
4657:
4656:
4652:
4643:
4642:
4638:
4625:
4624:
4620:
4610:
4608:
4595:
4594:
4587:
4578:
4576:
4535:
4534:
4530:
4516:
4512:
4507:
3384:cadere, cascare
3304:to go/come out
3281:prendre/acrapar
3252:scaun, catedră
3106:
3062:
2869:
2867:Characteristics
2566:
2522:
2521:
2508:
2504:
2340:
2339:
2319:
2315:
2302:
2298:
2278:
2274:
2266:
2262:
2258:, respectively.
2229:
2222:
2213:
2209:
1761:
1749:Western Romance
1696:Western Romance
1660:
1650:Allophones of /
1531:
1227:
1219:
1203:
1198:
817:
774:
757:
741:
687:
680:
583:Italian dialect
575:Northwest Italy
539:
535:
494:
488:
487:
461:Without proper
449:
448:
441:
429:
428:
412:
410:
398:
375:
349:
333:
326:
316:
305:
303:
300:
291:
289:
285:
283:
276:Official status
254:
206:Western Romance
186:Latino-Faliscan
171:
168:Language family
166:
157:
156:Native speakers
147:
143:
139:
135:
132:Northwest Italy
97:
86:
80:
77:
67:Please help to
66:
50:
46:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8303:
8301:
8293:
8292:
8287:
8282:
8272:
8271:
8265:
8264:
8262:
8261:
8254:
8245:
8235:
8232:
8231:
8229:
8228:
8222:
8220:
8216:
8215:
8213:
8212:
8211:
8210:
8205:
8195:
8188:
8181:
8173:
8171:
8167:
8166:
8163:
8162:
8160:
8159:
8158:
8157:
8152:
8147:
8142:
8131:
8122:
8120:
8116:
8115:
8113:
8112:
8111:
8110:
8105:
8100:
8095:
8090:
8080:
8079:
8078:
8073:
8063:
8062:
8061:
8050:
8048:
8040:
8039:
8037:
8036:
8035:
8034:
8033:
8032:
8018:
8017:
8016:
8011:
8001:
8000:
7999:
7989:
7984:
7979:
7972:
7971:
7970:
7963:
7958:
7953:
7943:
7933:
7932:
7931:
7930:
7929:
7924:
7916:
7911:
7908:Judaeo-Catalan
7904:
7903:
7902:
7897:
7892:
7891:
7890:
7885:
7875:
7867:
7854:
7852:
7844:
7843:
7840:
7839:
7837:
7836:
7830:
7823:
7821:
7817:
7816:
7814:
7813:
7812:
7811:
7797:
7792:
7791:
7790:
7780:
7772:
7770:
7766:
7765:
7763:
7762:
7755:
7754:
7753:
7748:
7743:
7738:
7737:
7736:
7731:
7726:
7721:
7716:
7715:
7714:
7697:
7696:
7695:
7690:
7689:
7688:
7678:
7677:
7676:
7663:Latin American
7659:
7654:
7642:
7640:Judaeo-Spanish
7637:
7632:
7626:
7624:
7618:
7617:
7615:
7614:
7607:
7606:
7605:
7600:
7595:
7594:
7593:
7581:
7580:
7579:
7567:
7562:
7555:
7543:
7536:
7531:
7530:
7529:
7518:
7512:
7510:
7504:
7503:
7501:
7500:
7493:
7488:
7487:
7486:
7476:
7471:
7470:
7469:
7458:
7456:
7447:
7431:
7430:
7427:
7426:
7424:
7423:
7416:
7409:
7408:
7407:
7402:
7397:
7385:
7382:
7381:
7379:
7378:
7377:
7376:
7371:
7361:
7360:
7359:
7354:
7344:
7339:
7334:
7329:
7328:
7327:
7322:
7317:
7312:
7311:
7310:
7303:
7302:
7301:
7291:
7286:
7269:
7264:
7263:
7262:
7257:
7252:
7242:
7241:
7240:
7233:
7232:
7231:
7226:
7225:
7224:
7214:
7209:
7208:
7207:
7202:
7197:
7192:
7187:
7186:
7185:
7180:
7170:
7165:
7160:
7159:
7158:
7153:
7135:
7130:
7118:
7113:
7108:
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7091:
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7076:
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7057:
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6924:
6909:
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6833:
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6831:
6826:
6810:
6808:
6799:
6793:
6792:
6789:
6788:
6786:
6785:
6783:Judaeo-Italian
6780:
6779:
6778:
6773:
6760:
6758:
6754:
6753:
6751:
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6516:
6508:
6507:
6505:
6504:
6497:
6496:
6495:
6490:
6485:
6480:
6475:
6470:
6465:
6460:
6455:
6443:
6438:
6436:Istro-Romanian
6433:
6427:
6425:
6419:
6418:
6416:
6415:
6410:
6409:
6408:
6403:
6393:
6387:
6385:
6384:Major branches
6381:
6380:
6376:classification
6370:
6368:
6367:
6360:
6353:
6345:
6336:
6335:
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6330:
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6315:
6314:
6312:
6311:
6306:
6305:
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6292:
6287:
6286:
6285:
6282:Italian Hebrew
6272:
6270:
6266:
6265:
6262:
6261:
6259:
6258:
6253:
6248:
6242:
6240:
6236:
6235:
6233:
6232:
6231:
6230:
6227:South Tyrolean
6218:
6213:
6207:
6205:
6196:
6190:
6189:
6186:
6185:
6183:
6182:
6177:
6171:
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6160:
6154:
6153:
6150:
6149:
6147:
6146:
6141:
6136:
6131:
6125:
6123:
6121:Serbo-Croatian
6117:
6116:
6114:
6113:
6108:
6103:
6098:
6093:
6088:
6083:
6078:
6072:
6070:
6061:
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5992:
5990:
5987:
5986:
5983:
5982:
5980:
5979:
5978:
5977:
5970:
5963:
5951:
5945:
5943:
5941:Rhaeto-Romance
5934:
5932:Rhaeto-Romance
5928:
5927:
5924:
5923:
5921:
5920:
5915:
5909:
5907:
5898:
5892:
5891:
5888:
5887:
5885:
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5874:
5869:
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5071:
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5049:
5043:
5019:
5015:
5014:External links
5012:
5011:
5010:
4998:10.2307/452803
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3711:
3708:
3707:chauve-souris
3705:
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3677:
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3664:
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3529:
3526:
3523:
3520:
3519:nombre/numéro
3517:
3514:
3511:
3508:
3505:
3502:
3499:
3496:
3493:
3489:
3488:
3485:
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3329:
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3320:
3317:
3314:
3311:
3308:
3305:
3301:
3300:
3297:
3294:
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3288:
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3267:
3264:
3261:
3258:
3254:
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3250:
3247:
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3241:
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3235:
3232:
3229:
3226:
3223:
3220:
3217:
3214:
3211:
3207:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3140:
3136:
3135:
3132:
3131:Ibero-Romance
3129:
3126:
3125:Gallo-Romance
3123:
3120:
3117:
3114:
3105:
3102:
3061:
3058:
3038:
3037:
3022:
3007:
3000:
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2520:
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2500:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2489:
2486:
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2482:
2473:
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2465:
2462:
2453:
2449:
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2427:
2424:
2415:
2411:
2410:
2401:
2398:
2389:
2386:
2377:
2373:
2372:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2338:
2337:
2313:
2296:
2272:
2260:
2220:
2214:Always before
2206:
2205:
2202:
2201:
2192:
2189:
2180:
2177:
2160:
2156:
2155:
2130:
2127:
2104:
2101:
2092:
2088:
2087:
2062:
2059:
2042:
2039:
2030:
2026:
2025:
2016:
2013:
2004:
2001:
1984:
1980:
1979:
1962:
1959:
1950:
1947:
1938:
1934:
1933:
1916:
1913:
1904:
1901:
1884:
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1833:
1824:
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1760:
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1699:
1689:
1667:
1659:
1656:
1646:
1645:
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1636:
1634:
1628:
1627:
1620:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1602:
1595:
1588:
1582:
1581:
1574:
1572:
1565:
1558:
1552:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1530:
1527:
1521:
1520:
1513:
1506:
1504:
1497:
1495:
1489:
1488:
1486:
1484:
1482:
1475:
1473:
1467:
1466:
1459:
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1450:
1443:
1436:
1430:
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1427:
1425:
1423:
1416:
1409:
1401:
1400:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1387:
1380:
1373:
1367:
1366:
1364:
1362:
1355:
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1351:
1343:
1342:
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1331:
1329:
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1313:
1306:
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1280:
1279:
1272:
1270:
1268:
1261:
1254:
1247:
1241:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1223:
1213:
1208:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1183:
1176:
1169:
1162:
1155:
1148:
1144:
1143:
1136:
1129:
1122:
1115:
1108:
1101:
1097:
1096:
1089:
1082:
1075:
1068:
1061:
1054:
1050:
1049:
1042:
1035:
1028:
1021:
1014:
1007:
1003:
1002:
995:
988:
981:
974:
967:
960:
956:
955:
948:
941:
934:
927:
920:
913:
909:
908:
905:
902:
899:
896:
893:
890:
887:
886:
883:
880:
816:
813:
808:
807:
800:
797:
773:
770:
756:
755:Current status
753:
740:
737:
710:El Cont Piolèt
679:
676:
591:Northern Italy
573:, a region of
479:
478:
465:, you may see
451:
450:
440:
439:
431:
430:
411:
397:
389:
381:
380:
373:
367:
366:
361:
355:
354:
347:
339:
338:
331:
323:
322:
321:Language codes
318:
317:
315:
314:
288:
286:
281:
278:
277:
273:
272:
271:
270:
260:
256:
255:
253:
252:
251:
250:
249:
248:
247:
246:
245:
244:
243:
242:
241:
240:
239:
238:
237:
236:
235:
234:
233:
232:
174:
172:
165:
162:
161:
158:
155:
152:
151:
129:
125:
124:
119:
118:Native to
115:
114:
108:
107:
99:
98:
53:
51:
44:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8302:
8291:
8288:
8286:
8283:
8281:
8278:
8277:
8275:
8259:
8255:
8253:
8249:
8246:
8244:
8240:
8237:
8236:
8233:
8227:
8226:Proto-Romance
8224:
8223:
8221:
8219:Reconstructed
8217:
8209:
8206:
8204:
8201:
8200:
8199:
8196:
8194:
8193:
8189:
8187:
8186:
8185:British Latin
8182:
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8026:
8025:
8024:
8023:
8019:
8015:
8012:
8010:
8007:
8006:
8005:
8004:Vivaro-Alpine
8002:
7998:
7995:
7994:
7993:
7990:
7988:
7985:
7983:
7980:
7978:
7977:
7973:
7969:
7968:
7964:
7962:
7959:
7957:
7954:
7952:
7949:
7948:
7947:
7944:
7942:
7939:
7938:
7937:
7934:
7928:
7925:
7923:
7920:
7919:
7917:
7915:
7912:
7910:
7909:
7905:
7901:
7898:
7896:
7893:
7889:
7886:
7884:
7881:
7880:
7879:
7876:
7874:
7871:
7870:
7868:
7866:
7863:
7862:
7861:
7860:
7856:
7855:
7853:
7851:
7845:
7834:
7831:
7828:
7825:
7824:
7822:
7818:
7810:
7809:
7808:Old Navarrese
7805:
7804:
7803:
7802:
7798:
7796:
7793:
7789:
7786:
7785:
7784:
7781:
7779:
7778:
7774:
7773:
7771:
7767:
7761:
7760:
7756:
7752:
7749:
7747:
7744:
7742:
7739:
7735:
7732:
7730:
7727:
7725:
7722:
7720:
7717:
7713:
7710:
7709:
7708:
7705:
7704:
7703:
7702:
7698:
7694:
7691:
7687:
7684:
7683:
7682:
7679:
7675:
7672:
7671:
7670:
7667:
7666:
7665:
7664:
7660:
7658:
7657:Equatoguinean
7655:
7653:
7650:
7649:
7648:
7647:
7643:
7641:
7638:
7636:
7633:
7631:
7628:
7627:
7625:
7623:
7619:
7613:
7612:
7608:
7604:
7601:
7599:
7596:
7592:
7589:
7588:
7587:
7586:
7582:
7578:
7575:
7574:
7573:
7572:
7568:
7566:
7563:
7561:
7560:
7556:
7554:
7551:
7550:
7549:
7548:
7544:
7542:
7541:
7537:
7535:
7532:
7527:
7524:
7523:
7522:
7519:
7517:
7514:
7513:
7511:
7509:
7505:
7499:
7498:
7494:
7492:
7489:
7485:
7482:
7481:
7480:
7477:
7475:
7472:
7468:
7465:
7464:
7463:
7460:
7459:
7457:
7455:
7451:
7448:
7445:
7438:
7432:
7422:
7421:
7417:
7415:
7414:
7410:
7406:
7403:
7401:
7398:
7396:
7393:
7392:
7390:
7387:
7386:
7383:
7375:
7372:
7370:
7367:
7366:
7365:
7362:
7358:
7355:
7353:
7350:
7349:
7348:
7345:
7343:
7340:
7338:
7335:
7333:
7330:
7326:
7323:
7321:
7318:
7316:
7313:
7309:
7308:
7304:
7300:
7297:
7296:
7295:
7292:
7290:
7287:
7285:
7284:
7280:
7279:
7278:
7275:
7274:
7273:
7270:
7268:
7265:
7261:
7258:
7256:
7253:
7251:
7248:
7247:
7246:
7243:
7239:
7238:
7234:
7230:
7227:
7223:
7220:
7219:
7218:
7215:
7213:
7210:
7206:
7203:
7201:
7198:
7196:
7193:
7191:
7188:
7184:
7181:
7179:
7176:
7175:
7174:
7171:
7169:
7166:
7164:
7161:
7157:
7154:
7152:
7149:
7148:
7147:
7144:
7143:
7142:
7139:
7138:
7136:
7134:
7131:
7129:
7126:
7125:
7124:
7123:
7119:
7117:
7114:
7112:
7111:Frainc-Comtou
7109:
7105:
7102:
7100:
7097:
7096:
7095:
7092:
7090:
7087:
7085:
7082:
7080:
7077:
7075:
7072:
7071:
7069:
7067:
7061:
7058:
7056:
7050:
7042:
7039:
7038:
7037:
7034:
7032:
7031:
7027:
7021:
7018:
7016:
7013:
7009:
7006:
7004:
7001:
6999:
6996:
6995:
6994:
6991:
6989:
6986:
6984:
6981:
6977:
6974:
6972:
6969:
6967:
6964:
6962:
6959:
6958:
6957:
6954:
6952:
6949:
6945:
6942:
6941:
6940:
6937:
6936:
6935:
6932:
6928:
6925:
6923:
6920:
6919:
6918:
6915:
6914:
6913:
6910:
6908:
6907:Judeo-Italian
6905:
6901:
6898:
6896:
6893:
6891:
6888:
6886:
6883:
6881:
6878:
6876:
6873:
6872:
6871:
6868:
6866:
6863:
6861:
6858:
6856:
6853:
6847:
6844:
6842:
6839:
6838:
6837:
6834:
6830:
6827:
6825:
6822:
6821:
6820:
6817:
6816:
6815:
6812:
6811:
6809:
6807:
6803:
6800:
6798:
6794:
6784:
6781:
6777:
6774:
6772:
6771:
6767:
6766:
6765:
6762:
6761:
6759:
6755:
6747:
6744:
6740:
6737:
6735:
6732:
6730:
6727:
6725:
6722:
6718:
6715:
6714:
6713:
6710:
6708:
6705:
6703:
6702:Castelmezzano
6700:
6698:
6695:
6693:
6690:
6689:
6688:
6687:
6683:
6682:
6681:
6678:
6672:
6669:
6668:
6667:
6664:
6660:
6657:
6656:
6655:
6652:
6650:
6647:
6646:
6645:
6642:
6641:
6639:
6635:
6627:
6624:
6623:
6622:
6621:
6617:
6615:
6612:
6608:
6607:Swiss Italian
6605:
6603:
6600:
6598:
6595:
6593:
6590:
6589:
6588:
6587:
6583:
6579:
6576:
6575:
6574:
6571:
6567:
6564:
6562:
6559:
6557:
6554:
6550:
6547:
6545:
6542:
6540:
6537:
6536:
6535:
6532:
6531:
6530:
6527:
6526:
6524:
6520:
6517:
6515:
6509:
6503:
6502:
6498:
6494:
6491:
6489:
6488:Transylvanian
6486:
6484:
6481:
6479:
6476:
6474:
6471:
6469:
6466:
6464:
6461:
6459:
6456:
6454:
6451:
6450:
6449:
6448:
6447:Daco-Romanian
6444:
6442:
6439:
6437:
6434:
6432:
6429:
6428:
6426:
6424:
6420:
6414:
6411:
6407:
6404:
6402:
6399:
6398:
6397:
6396:Italo-Western
6394:
6392:
6389:
6388:
6386:
6382:
6377:
6373:
6366:
6361:
6359:
6354:
6352:
6347:
6346:
6343:
6325:
6322:
6310:
6307:
6302:
6298:
6297:
6296:
6293:
6291:
6288:
6283:
6279:
6278:
6277:
6274:
6273:
6271:
6267:
6257:
6254:
6252:
6249:
6247:
6244:
6243:
6241:
6237:
6228:
6224:
6223:
6222:
6219:
6217:
6214:
6212:
6209:
6208:
6206:
6204:
6200:
6197:
6195:
6191:
6181:
6178:
6176:
6173:
6172:
6170:
6168:
6167:Italiot Greek
6164:
6161:
6159:
6155:
6145:
6142:
6140:
6139:Slavomolisano
6137:
6135:
6132:
6130:
6127:
6126:
6124:
6122:
6118:
6112:
6109:
6107:
6104:
6102:
6099:
6097:
6094:
6092:
6089:
6087:
6084:
6082:
6079:
6077:
6074:
6073:
6071:
6069:
6065:
6062:
6060:
6056:
6043:
6039:
6038:
6037:
6034:
6033:
6031:
6029:
6025:
6022:
6020:
6016:
6012:
6005:
5994:
5975:
5971:
5968:
5964:
5961:
5957:
5956:
5955:
5952:
5950:
5947:
5946:
5944:
5942:
5938:
5935:
5933:
5929:
5919:
5916:
5914:
5911:
5910:
5908:
5906:
5902:
5899:
5897:
5893:
5883:
5880:
5878:
5875:
5873:
5872:Judeo-Italian
5870:
5868:
5865:
5863:
5860:
5859:
5857:
5851:
5842:
5838:
5837:
5836:
5833:
5828:
5824:
5821:
5817:
5816:
5815:
5812:
5811:
5809:
5807:
5803:
5794:
5790:
5787:
5783:
5782:
5781:
5778:
5773:
5769:
5764:
5760:
5757:
5753:
5750:
5746:
5745:
5743:
5739:
5736:
5732:
5727:
5723:
5722:
5720:
5716:
5713:
5709:
5704:
5700:
5697:
5693:
5690:
5686:
5683:
5679:
5678:
5676:
5672:
5667:
5663:
5662:
5660:
5656:
5651:
5647:
5646:
5644:
5640:
5639:
5638:
5635:
5634:
5632:
5630:
5626:
5620:
5617:
5615:
5612:
5610:
5607:
5605:
5602:
5600:
5597:
5595:
5592:
5591:
5589:
5587:
5583:
5580:
5578:
5574:
5561:
5557:
5556:
5555:
5552:
5550:
5547:
5546:
5544:
5542:
5538:
5532:
5529:
5528:
5526:
5524:
5520:
5517:
5515:
5514:Gallo-Romance
5511:
5501:
5498:
5493:
5489:
5488:
5487:
5486:Vivaro-Alpine
5484:
5483:
5481:
5479:
5475:
5469:
5466:
5465:
5463:
5461:
5457:
5454:
5452:
5448:
5438:
5435:
5433:
5430:
5429:
5427:
5425:
5421:
5418:
5416:
5412:
5402:
5399:
5397:
5394:
5392:
5389:
5388:
5386:
5380:
5371:
5367:
5366:
5365:
5362:
5357:
5353:
5352:
5351:
5348:
5346:
5343:
5342:
5340:
5338:
5334:
5328:
5325:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5313:
5310:
5305:
5301:
5300:
5299:
5296:
5294:
5291:
5289:
5286:
5284:
5281:
5279:
5276:
5274:
5271:
5270:
5268:
5266:
5262:
5256:
5253:
5251:
5248:
5246:
5243:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5232:
5230:
5226:
5220:
5217:
5216:
5214:
5212:
5208:
5202:
5199:
5198:
5196:
5194:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5184:Italo-Romance
5181:
5177:
5173:
5169:
5165:
5161:
5157:
5153:
5149:
5145:
5141:
5137:
5133:
5129:
5125:
5121:
5117:
5116:
5110:
5106:
5101:
5092:
5087:
5085:
5080:
5078:
5073:
5072:
5069:
5063:
5060:
5058:
5055:
5053:
5050:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5038:
5033:
5029:
5028:
5023:
5018:
5017:
5013:
5007:
5003:
4999:
4995:
4992:(12): 501–4.
4991:
4987:
4982:
4981:
4977:
4968:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4950:
4946:
4942:
4939:(in German).
4938:
4934:
4927:
4924:
4920:(in Italian).
4919:
4912:
4910:
4908:
4906:
4904:
4902:
4900:
4896:
4892:(in Italian).
4891:
4884:
4882:
4880:
4876:
4871:
4864:
4862:
4860:
4858:
4854:
4849:
4842:
4839:
4834:
4828:
4821:. Torino: Ed.
4820:
4813:
4810:
4806:
4800:
4797:
4792:
4786:
4778:
4774:
4767:
4764:
4761:
4757:
4756:88-86968-54-X
4753:
4749:
4745:
4739:
4736:
4728:
4724:
4720:
4719:
4715:
4712:
4706:
4703:
4698:
4694:
4688:
4685:
4681:
4676:
4673:
4664:
4662:
4654:
4651:
4646:
4640:
4637:
4632:
4628:
4622:
4619:
4606:
4602:
4598:
4592:
4590:
4586:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4560:
4556:
4552:
4551:
4546:
4542:
4538:
4532:
4529:
4525:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4511:
4504:
4497:
4494:
4491:
4488:
4485:
4482:
4479:
4476:
4473:
4470:
4467:
4464:
4461:
4458:
4455:
4454:
4450:
4447:
4444:
4441:
4438:
4435:
4432:
4429:
4426:
4423:
4420:
4417:
4414:
4411:
4408:
4407:
4403:
4400:
4397:
4394:
4391:
4388:
4385:
4382:
4379:
4376:
4373:
4370:
4367:
4364:
4361:
4360:
4356:
4353:
4350:
4347:
4344:
4341:
4338:
4335:
4332:
4329:
4326:
4323:
4320:
4317:
4314:
4313:
4309:
4306:
4303:
4300:
4297:
4294:
4291:
4288:
4285:
4282:
4279:
4276:
4273:
4270:
4267:
4266:
4262:
4260:segunda-feira
4259:
4256:
4253:
4250:
4247:
4244:
4241:
4238:
4235:
4232:
4229:
4226:
4223:
4220:
4219:
4215:
4212:
4209:
4206:
4203:
4200:
4197:
4194:
4191:
4188:
4185:
4182:
4179:
4176:
4173:
4172:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4105:
4102:
4101:
4097:
4094:
4091:
4088:
4085:
4082:
4079:
4076:
4073:
4070:
4067:
4064:
4061:
4058:
4055:
4054:
4050:
4047:
4044:
4041:
4038:
4035:
4032:
4029:
4026:
4023:
4020:
4017:
4014:
4011:
4008:
4007:
4003:
4000:
3997:
3994:
3991:
3988:
3985:
3982:
3979:
3976:
3973:
3970:
3967:
3964:
3961:
3960:
3956:
3953:
3951:verano, estío
3950:
3947:
3944:
3941:
3938:
3935:
3932:
3929:
3926:
3923:
3920:
3917:
3914:
3913:
3909:
3907:senhora, dona
3906:
3903:
3900:
3897:
3894:
3891:
3888:
3885:
3882:
3879:
3876:
3873:
3870:
3867:
3866:
3862:
3859:
3856:
3853:
3850:
3847:
3844:
3841:
3838:
3835:
3832:
3829:
3826:
3823:
3821:Mr. (Mister)
3820:
3819:
3815:
3812:
3809:
3806:
3803:
3800:
3797:
3794:
3791:
3788:
3785:
3782:
3779:
3776:
3773:
3772:
3768:
3765:
3762:
3759:
3756:
3753:
3750:
3747:
3744:
3741:
3738:
3735:
3732:
3729:
3726:
3725:
3721:
3718:
3715:
3712:
3709:
3706:
3703:
3700:
3697:
3694:
3691:
3688:
3685:
3682:
3680:bat (animal)
3679:
3678:
3674:
3671:
3668:
3665:
3662:
3659:
3656:
3653:
3650:
3647:
3644:
3641:
3638:
3635:
3632:
3631:
3627:
3624:
3621:
3618:
3615:
3612:
3609:
3607:maçana, poma
3606:
3604:poma, maçana
3603:
3600:
3597:
3594:
3591:
3588:
3585:
3584:
3580:
3577:
3574:
3571:
3568:
3565:
3562:
3559:
3556:
3553:
3550:
3547:
3544:
3541:
3538:
3537:
3533:
3530:
3527:
3524:
3521:
3518:
3515:
3512:
3509:
3506:
3503:
3500:
3497:
3494:
3491:
3490:
3486:
3483:
3480:
3477:
3474:
3471:
3468:
3465:
3462:
3459:
3456:
3453:
3450:
3447:
3444:
3443:
3439:
3436:
3433:
3430:
3427:
3424:
3421:
3418:
3415:
3412:
3409:
3406:
3403:
3400:
3397:
3396:
3392:
3389:
3386:
3383:
3380:
3377:
3374:
3372:cayer, caire
3371:
3368:
3365:
3362:
3359:
3356:
3354:droché/tombé
3353:
3350:
3349:
3345:
3342:
3339:
3336:
3333:
3330:
3328:sortir/salyir
3327:
3324:
3322:sortir/eixir
3321:
3318:
3315:
3312:
3309:
3307:surtì/seurte
3306:
3303:
3302:
3298:
3295:
3292:
3289:
3286:
3283:
3280:
3277:
3274:
3272:prene, agafar
3271:
3268:
3265:
3262:
3259:
3256:
3255:
3251:
3248:
3245:
3242:
3239:
3236:
3233:
3230:
3227:
3224:
3221:
3218:
3215:
3212:
3209:
3208:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3141:
3138:
3137:
3133:
3121:
3113:
3112:
3109:
3103:
3101:
3099:
3095:
3091:
3087:
3083:
3079:
3075:
3071:
3067:
3059:
3057:
3055:
3051:
3047:
3043:
3035:
3031:
3027:
3023:
3020:
3016:
3012:
3008:
3005:
3001:
2998:
2994:
2990:
2986:
2982:
2979:
2976:
2972:
2968:
2961:
2957:
2954:
2950:
2946:
2942:
2938:
2934:
2930:
2926:
2922:
2918:
2914:
2910:
2907:
2903:
2900:
2896:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2882:
2878:
2874:
2873:
2872:
2866:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2852:
2849:
2846:
2843:
2840:
2839:
2835:
2832:
2829:
2826:
2823:
2820:
2817:
2814:
2813:
2809:
2806:
2803:
2800:
2797:
2794:
2791:
2788:
2787:
2783:
2780:
2777:
2774:
2771:
2768:
2765:
2762:
2761:
2757:
2754:
2751:
2748:
2745:
2742:
2739:
2736:
2735:
2731:
2728:
2725:
2722:
2719:
2716:
2713:
2710:
2709:
2705:
2702:
2699:
2696:
2693:
2690:
2687:
2684:
2683:
2679:
2676:
2673:
2670:
2667:
2664:
2661:
2658:
2657:
2653:
2650:
2647:
2644:
2641:
2638:
2635:
2631:
2627:
2624:
2623:
2619:
2616:
2613:
2610:
2607:
2604:
2601:
2598:
2597:
2593:
2590:
2587:
2584:
2581:
2578:
2575:
2572:
2571:
2563:
2561:
2555:
2547:
2543:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2514:
2506:
2503:
2490:
2487:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2471:
2466:
2463:
2454:
2451:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2437:
2433:
2428:
2425:
2421:
2416:
2413:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2399:
2395:
2390:
2387:
2383:
2378:
2375:
2374:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2323:is generally
2322:
2317:
2314:
2306:
2300:
2297:
2281:
2276:
2273:
2269:
2264:
2261:
2249:
2245:
2241:
2237:
2233:
2227:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2211:
2208:
2198:
2193:
2190:
2186:
2181:
2178:
2174:
2166:
2161:
2158:
2157:
2152:
2144:
2136:
2131:
2128:
2124:
2117:
2110:
2105:
2102:
2098:
2093:
2090:
2089:
2084:
2076:
2068:
2063:
2060:
2056:
2048:
2043:
2040:
2036:
2031:
2028:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2014:
2010:
2005:
2002:
1998:
1990:
1985:
1982:
1981:
1976:
1968:
1963:
1960:
1956:
1951:
1948:
1944:
1939:
1936:
1935:
1930:
1922:
1917:
1914:
1910:
1905:
1902:
1898:
1890:
1885:
1882:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1868:
1864:
1856:
1851:
1848:
1844:
1839:
1836:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1822:
1819:
1816:
1812:
1804:
1799:
1796:
1795:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1758:
1753:
1750:
1746:
1743:
1739:
1736:
1733:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1713:Gallo-Romance
1710:
1707:
1703:
1700:
1697:
1693:
1690:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1661:
1657:
1655:
1644:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1630:
1625:
1621:
1618:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1600:
1596:
1593:
1589:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1566:
1563:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1535:
1534:
1528:
1526:
1518:
1514:
1511:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1498:
1496:
1494:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1457:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1444:
1441:
1437:
1435:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1417:
1414:
1410:
1407:
1403:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1388:
1385:
1381:
1378:
1374:
1372:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1356:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1345:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1332:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1321:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1296:
1293:
1289:
1286:
1282:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1262:
1259:
1255:
1252:
1248:
1246:
1242:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1224:
1222:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1200:
1195:
1188:
1184:
1181:
1177:
1174:
1170:
1167:
1163:
1160:
1156:
1153:
1149:
1146:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1134:
1130:
1127:
1123:
1120:
1116:
1113:
1109:
1106:
1102:
1099:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1087:
1083:
1080:
1076:
1073:
1069:
1066:
1062:
1059:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1040:
1036:
1033:
1029:
1026:
1022:
1019:
1015:
1012:
1008:
1005:
1004:
1000:
996:
993:
989:
986:
982:
979:
975:
972:
968:
965:
961:
958:
957:
953:
949:
946:
942:
939:
935:
932:
928:
925:
921:
918:
914:
911:
910:
906:
903:
900:
897:
894:
891:
889:
888:
878:
877:
872:
869:
863:
857:
850:
848:
845:
842:
838:
834:
829:
827:
824:
820:
814:
812:
805:
801:
798:
795:
791:
787:
786:
785:
778:
771:
769:
767:
761:
754:
752:
750:
746:
738:
736:
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
713:
711:
706:
703:
700:
698:
694:
691:
686:
677:
675:
673:
669:
666:
662:
657:
655:
650:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
559:
553:
548:
543:
542:
530:
485:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
458:
452:
445:
437:
432:
426:
422:
418:
408:
404:
395:
394:
387:
382:
378:
374:
372:
368:
365:
362:
360:
356:
352:
348:
346:
345:
340:
336:
332:
329:
324:
319:
313:
302:
301:
299:
287:
279:
274:
266:
263:
262:
261:
231:
228:
227:
226:–Piedmontese?
225:
222:
221:
220:
217:
216:
215:
214:Gallo-Romance
212:
211:
210:Gallo-Iberian
209:
208:
207:
204:
203:
202:
201:Italo-Western
199:
198:
197:
194:
193:
192:
189:
188:
187:
184:
183:
182:
179:
178:
177:
176:Indo-European
173:
169:
163:
159:
153:
150:
146:
142:
138:
133:
130:
126:
123:
120:
116:
113:
109:
104:
95:
92:
84:
74:
70:
64:
63:
57:
52:
43:
42:
37:
33:
19:
8247:
8238:
8190:
8183:
8176:
8125:
8027:
8020:
7982:Languedocien
7974:
7967:Judeo-Gascon
7965:
7906:
7857:
7827:Barranquenho
7806:
7799:
7775:
7757:
7699:
7661:
7644:
7635:Extremaduran
7609:
7583:
7569:
7557:
7545:
7538:
7495:
7454:Asturleonese
7418:
7411:
7369:West Walloon
7357:Saintongeais
7305:
7281:
7277:Anglo-Norman
7235:
7168:Newfoundland
7128:Jersey Legal
7120:
7035:
7028:
6993:Southwestern
6976:Vallassinese
6865:Gallo-Picene
6806:Gallo-Italic
6768:
6684:
6679:
6618:
6584:
6499:
6445:
6324:
6301:Sinte Romani
6111:Torre Valley
6059:South Slavic
6004:Italy portal
5881:
5696:Vallassinese
5577:Gallo-Italic
5113:
5025:
4989:
4985:
4958:11585/646734
4940:
4936:
4926:
4917:
4889:
4869:
4847:
4841:
4818:
4812:
4799:
4776:
4766:
4747:
4743:
4738:
4731:(in Italian)
4726:
4722:
4709:
4705:
4696:
4687:
4679:
4675:
4660:
4653:
4639:
4630:
4621:
4609:. Retrieved
4605:the original
4577:. Retrieved
4548:
4531:
4521:
4513:
4401:quinta-feira
4354:quarta-feira
4106:Piedmontese
4036:aujourd'hui
3954:verão, estio
3774:wood (land)
3686:ràttopenûgo
3683:ratavolòira
3663:travagghiari
3560:nombre, nom
3390:cair, tombar
3387:caer, tumbar
3366:caire/tombar
3316:isìr/sortir
3296:pegar, tomar
3263:pigiâ/ciapà
3142:Piedmontese
3107:
3063:
3039:
3033:
3029:
3018:
3017:'fairy' and
3014:
3003:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2974:
2970:
2966:
2940:
2936:
2935:(from Latin
2932:
2924:
2923:(from Latin
2920:
2916:
2915:(from Latin
2912:
2905:
2898:
2891:
2890:'there is',
2887:
2880:
2870:
2594:piedmontese
2588:piedmontese
2582:piedmontese
2576:piedmontese
2553:
2545:
2541:
2537:
2529:
2526:Grave accent
2523:
2505:
2341:
2320:
2316:
2304:
2299:
2279:
2275:
2267:
2263:
2247:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2215:
2210:
1762:
1752:assibilation
1735:Palatization
1706:degemination
1704:Consonantal
1692:Nasalization
1676:, and other
1649:
1524:
851:
836:
832:
830:
821:
818:
809:
783:
762:
758:
744:
742:
714:
709:
707:
704:
701:
683:
681:
658:
651:
483:
482:
454:
390:
371:Linguasphere
342:
229:
219:Gallo-Italic
149:Aosta Valley
111:
87:
78:
59:
8203:Campidanese
8029:Old Catalan
8022:Old Occitan
7759:Old Spanish
7693:Rioplatense
7497:Old Leonese
7325:Cotentinais
7289:Guernésiais
7212:Frenchville
7205:New England
7084:Bourbonnais
7036:Piedmontese
7030:Old Lombard
6922:Bergamasque
6846:Sammarinese
6309:Wenzhounese
6134:Montenegrin
6081:Gail Valley
5882:Piedmontese
5786:Bergamasque
5432:Campidanese
5273:Beneventano
5240:Marchigiano
5172:Wenzhounese
5020:‹ The
4518:Piedmontese
4448:sexta-feira
4307:terça-feira
3860:senhor, seu
3713:pipistrello
3704:rata volage
3660:travailler
3413:casa/meison
3260:pijé/ciapé
3030:set ëstèile
3021:'done (F)'.
2991:in English
2985:velar nasal
2969:in English
2509:Represents
1493:Approximant
688: [
665:Argentinian
659:Due to the
544:; autonym:
484:Piedmontese
469:instead of
230:Piedmontese
106:Piedmontese
73:introducing
8274:Categories
8250:indicates
8208:Logudorese
7741:Philippine
7707:Andalusian
7701:Peninsular
7591:Estremenho
7547:Portuguese
7474:Cantabrian
7307:Law French
7299:Sercquiais
7133:Meridional
7094:Champenois
7089:Burgundian
6900:Tabarchino
6890:Monégasque
6829:Parmigiano
6686:Neapolitan
6659:Manduriano
6626:Florentine
6493:Wallachian
6463:Bukovinian
5827:Parmigiano
5619:Tabarchino
5609:Monégasque
5437:Logudorese
5356:Manduriano
5219:Florentine
4760:assimil.it
4723:Euromarket
4579:2023-10-29
4523:Ethnologue
4505:References
4427:divendres
4315:Wednesday
4163:Portuguese
4024:uèi/ancuei
3962:yesterday
3716:murciélago
3695:ratapenada
3689:papastrel
3654:treballar
3651:treballar
3648:trabalhar
3592:méia/póma
3401:ca/meison
3199:Portuguese
3072:until the
3026:prosthetic
2987:(like the
2965:(like the
2929:Portuguese
2881:(mi) i von
2830:sent e un
2706:sinchsent
2694:quatordes
2674:sinquanta
2371:IPA value
2363:IPA value
2355:IPA value
2294:in closed.
2250:represent
1792:IPA value
1784:IPA value
1776:IPA value
1201:Consonants
1006:he/she/it
721:literature
678:Literature
637:), and in
567:piemontese
547:piemontèis
364:Piemontese
112:piemontèis
56:references
8258:varieties
8241:indicate
8198:Sardinian
8155:Triestine
8103:Sursilvan
8014:Mentonasc
7992:Provençal
7941:Auvergnat
7927:Valencian
7883:Mallorcan
7873:Algherese
7848:Occitano-
7795:Navarrese
7783:Aragonese
7719:Castilian
7622:Castilian
7598:Uruguayan
7571:Brazilian
7534:Minderico
7528:/Eonavian
7491:Mirandese
7405:Valdôtain
7391:/Arpitan
7332:Orléanais
7283:Auregnais
7267:Mayennais
7217:Louisiana
7099:Ardennais
7079:Berrichon
6885:Intemelio
6841:Forlivese
6824:Bolognese
6770:Dalmatian
6734:Tarantino
6697:Benevento
6654:Salentino
6614:Sassarese
6578:Gallurese
6561:Romanesco
6514:Dalmatian
6478:Moldavian
6473:Maramureș
6431:Aromanian
6068:Slovenian
5918:Triestine
5855:languages
5841:Forlivese
5820:Bolognese
5666:Legnanese
5604:Intemelio
5549:Valdôtain
5492:Mentonasc
5468:Algherese
5424:Sardinian
5415:Sardinian
5401:Sassarese
5396:Gallurese
5384:languages
5350:Salentino
5322:Tarantino
5293:Cosentino
5250:Romanesco
5164:Sardinian
4967:1865-9063
4827:cite book
4597:La Stampa
4550:Glottolog
4480:dessandro
4474:dissabte
4456:Saturday
4439:viènniri
4436:vendredi
4424:divendres
4362:Thursday
4357:miercuri
4351:miércoles
4348:mercoledì
4342:mercredi
4336:miercres
4333:dimecres
4324:mercordé
4216:duminică
4204:rumìnica
4201:dimanche
4192:diumenge
4186:doménega
4183:dumenica
4180:dumenega
4149:Sicilian
4135:Aragonese
4056:tomorrow
4033:enqu'houè
4027:avui/hui
3848:monsieur
3710:taddarita
3672:trabalhar
3657:travalyér
3645:travajar
3639:travagiâ
3616:muma/mela
3287:pigghiàri
3185:Sicilian
3171:Aragonese
3082:Provencal
3078:Holocaust
3036:'stars').
2941:hoc illud
2899:Veus-to…?
2810:neuvsent
2700:sessanta
2680:quatsent
2648:quaranta
1682:prothesis
1377:voiceless
1371:Fricative
1324:voiceless
1318:Affricate
1251:voiceless
1196:Phonology
717:languages
643:Lomellina
589:group of
489:English:
423:and with
417:Alemannic
377:51-AAA-of
344:Glottolog
328:ISO 639-3
81:June 2012
8134:Venetian
8108:Vallader
8098:Surmiran
8071:Cadorino
8054:Friulian
7987:Limousin
7956:Béarnese
7918:Western
7900:Northern
7888:Menorcan
7878:Balearic
7869:Eastern
7865:dialects
7724:Castrapo
7681:Peruvian
7652:dialects
7585:European
7553:dialects
7540:Portugis
7521:Galician
7462:Asturian
7400:Savoyard
7352:Poitevin
7320:Cauchois
7294:Jèrriais
7141:Canadian
7020:Varesino
7015:Ticinese
7003:Novarese
6998:Cremunés
6988:Ossolano
6983:Milanese
6971:Lecchese
6939:Brianzöö
6870:Ligurian
6836:Romagnol
6717:Arianese
6712:Irpinian
6707:Cilentan
6671:Pantesco
6666:Sicilian
6637:Southern
6573:Corsican
6549:Macerata
6544:Fabriano
6483:Oltenian
6453:dialects
6413:Southern
6211:Cimbrian
6203:Bavarian
6129:Croatian
6036:Arbëresh
6019:Albanian
5960:Cadorino
5949:Friulian
5905:Venetian
5896:Venetian
5835:Romagnol
5763:Cremunés
5756:Novarese
5735:Varesino
5726:Ossolano
5719:Ticinese
5712:Milanese
5703:Lecchese
5586:Ligurian
5391:Corsican
5370:Pantesco
5364:Sicilian
5304:Arianese
5298:Irpinian
5288:Cilentan
5245:Marinese
5144:Germanic
5140:Friulian
5128:Croatian
5120:Albanian
5022:template
4848:Piedmont
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4168:Romanian
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4110:Ligurian
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4012:ancheuj
3889:sinyora
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3675:a lucra
3669:trabajar
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3633:to work
3422:mêson/cà
3416:ca/casa
3410:caxa/cà
3351:to fall
3310:sciortì
3284:prendre
3257:to take
3204:Romanian
3156:Venetian
3146:Ligurian
3139:English
3046:Frankish
2943:, as in
2927:, as in
2892:i-j diso
2856:sentdes
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2758:setsent
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6724:Molisan
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6620:Tuscan
6566:Sabino
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6295:Romani
6276:Hebrew
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5006:452803
5004:
4965:
4754:
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