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763:. Piercefield House had no bathrooms, and would have been very expensive to bring up-to-date. Just after the end of the First World War, money was tight, and taxes were high. And there were death duties to pay, so he stripped the house of "anything valuable" such as the Adam fireplaces, and most went to America. In 1925 he sold the house and much of the estate to the
353:
767:, of which the directors were all members of the Clay family. The new racecourse on the estate was opened in 1926. The house, already in a poor state of repair, was abandoned and stripped, gradually decaying to its current ruinous condition, with just the main walls still standing. During World War II the area was used by US forces training before the
958:, a founder of the Picturesque movement. He wrote of Piercefield; "Mr Morris's improvements are generally thought as much worth a traveller's notice as anything on the banks of the Wye". On his visit in 1760, when the first iteration of the park was largely complete, Edward Knight, cousin of another devotee of the picturesque,
747:; the exercise involved some 1,500 troops and was watched by a crowd of at least 12,000. In 1874 the estate passed to Clay's eldest son, also Henry Clay, who lived there until his death in 1921 aged 96. In 1882, a cricket match took place at Piercefield between a Chepstow and District team and an England eleven including
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A splendid seat, the views are remarkably magnificent, and embrace numerous reaches of the Wye, the Severn, and a great range of the surrounding country. The mansion, situated on an eminence, in the midst of fine plantations, is a superb elevation of freestone, consisting of a centre and two wings,
419:. His son, also Valentine, developed the park and grounds into one of the 18th century’s most famous Picturesque landscapes. His prodigality ruined him, and the estate was sold to a banker, George Smith, who began the present house. He was in turn bankrupted and Piercefield was bought by
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style, which would incorporate Morris's house. Work began in 1792, and the new three-storey stone building had reached roof level when the
Monmouthshire Bank, which Smith had helped found, failed and he became bankrupt. His creditors sold Piercefield in 1794 to Colonel
731:. In 1856, following Nathaniel Wells' death in 1852, Russell purchased the estate. The walks were occasionally reopened to the public, but for a charge. Around this time suggestions were made in the national press that the estate would be a suitable residence for the
660:, and Juggy, one of his house slaves. With his inherited fortune, Wells continued to add to the Piercefield estate until it reached almost 3,000 acres (12 km). In 1818 he became Britain's only known black sheriff when he was appointed
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439:, and Juggy, later Joardine Wells, his enslaved house servant. Nathaniel and his mother both received their freedom and he inherited the bulk of his father’s wealth. Establishing himself at Piercefield, Nathaniel Wells became, in turn, a
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in 2013. The house has been repeatedly marketed for sale since the early 2000s but no sale has been concluded. Despite emergency stabilising work in 2008/9, the condition of the house continues to deteriorate.
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published in 1964, records that 20 designs for the house, some of them showing a completely new building, and some showing elements of the earlier structure incorporated into the new house, are held at
985:…any view would be spoilt by the filthy ditch which they call the Wye, a scene of ugly foreshore and wastes of hideous mud banks with a sluggish brown stream winding low in the bottom".
574:
landscaping. Morris laid out walks through the woodland, and included a grotto, druid's temple, bathing house and giant's cave. He also developed viewpoints along the clifftop above the
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were reopened in the 1970s. Plans to develop the site as a hotel or outdoor pursuits centre have so far been unfulfilled, with emergency repairs to the house carried out in 2008–09.
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962:, recorded twenty-six structures in the park, including a Chinese Bridge, a Druid's Temple and a tower. By the time of Coxe's tour, some forty years later, only nine remained.
790:. All subsequent attempts at marketing have failed to conclude a sale and the condition of the house continues to deteriorate. In July 2013, a campaign was launched by
743:. In 1863, Piercefield was the site of a parade and mock battle between volunteers from Monmouthshire and Gloucestershire recruited in the patriotic fervour after the
499:
Records since the 14th century refer variously to
Peerfield, Peersfield, Persfield and Piersfield, the area taking its name, according to some sources, from the nearby
894:
Other listed structures within the estate include: the Lion Gates and lodges, formerly the main gateway into the
Piercefield estate and which now form the entrance to
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2466:. A History of Monmouthshire from the Coming of the Normans into Wales down to the Present Time Volume 4, Part 1. Cardiff, Wales: Merton Priory Press.
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Morris's fortunes revived in
Antigua, until its seizure by the French. Again heavily indebted, and with his wife insane, Morris was incarcerated in a
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Observations on the River Wye and
Several parts of South Wales, &c., Relative Chiefly to Picturesque Beauty, made in the summer of the year 1770
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562:. The work was largely undertaken by architect Charles Howells and builder William Knowles of Chepstow, who had also undertaken work at nearby
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851:. The pavilions were originally joined to the main house by corridors but these have been demolished. Both pavilions were built in the form of
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The available sources agree that George Smith commissioned designs for rebuilding from Sir John Soane in 1784–85. The architectural historian
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suggests that Soane produced further designs, for a completely new house, in 1792 and that construction commenced, to this design, in 1793.
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and were originally surmounted by statues. The main house was of two full storeys, with an attic tier above, five bays, and a porch with
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In the 1770s
Valentine Morris's gambling, business and political dealings bankrupted him, and he was forced to leave Piercefield for the
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The estate was put up for sale in
October 2005 with Jackson-Stops for an asking price of £2 million. It came into the possession of
79:
825:. Cadw's designation report acknowledges that the design was "very dependent on Soane's ideas" and closely followed his design for
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400:. The house sits within Piercefield Park, a Grade I listed historic landscape, that was created in the 18th century as a notable
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times until the 18th century. Local historians report an enlargement of the existing house in the 1630s under John Walter (the
1701:
582:, who wrote: "Oh what a godly scene....The whole world seemed imaged in its vast circumference". The scientist and traveller
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for the new owner, Colonel Wood, in 1795 to 1799. Both the West and East pavilions are also listed structures, at Grade II*.
629:
and wings, and commissioning the long stone wall which runs along the western edge of the estate. Wood was also the owner of
546:(1727–1789), who began living at Piercefield with his family in 1753. At this time, the Piercefield estate was predominantly
440:
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727:(1788–1873) the coal and ironmaster (appointed High Sheriff of Monmouthshire in 1855), who owned the neighbouring estate of
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Wells left the area in the 1840s and his tenants closed the walks to the public. In the late 1840s the estate was leased to
2809:
942:. Such tours began in the mid-18th century and reached their peak during the later 18th and early 19th centuries, when the
887:, which were linked to the pavilions that housed the library and the music room, through corridors which Coxe describes as
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Henry Clay's son, (Henry) Hastings Clay (1864–1943), was 57 when his father died, so he already had a home of his own, at
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837:. There is agreement that the West and East pavilions, which flank the main mansion, were undertaken to the designs of
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landscape". Developed initially by
Valentine Morris and subsequently by George Smith, it became a key feature of the
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in the mid-1820s, and thereafter Wells only lived at
Piercefield intermittently, at times letting it out to tenants.
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415:. After long ownership by the Walter family, in 1740 it was bought by Valentine Morris, a slaver and planter from
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530:. His son then sold it again in 1740, for £8,250, to Colonel Valentine Morris. Morris (c 1678–1743) was born in
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668:, but it failed to sell. The number of tourists in the area increased considerably after the opening of the new
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The house comprises the central block, with two flanking wings. The walls are of brick, externally faced with
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and the house was damaged during live fire exercises. The woods overlooking the river became established as a
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disagrees, contending that the new building, begun in the late 1780s, was undertaken under the direction of
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601:. Smith continued to open the walks, but straightened some of them. He also commissioned a young architect,
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392:. The central block of the house was designed in the very late 18th century, by, or to the designs of, Sir
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2079:"Walls of walled garden and attached bothies and cottage – Piercefield Park (Grade II) (24760)"
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891:. When Coxe visited in 1799, he recorded the internal decoration as being in an "unfinished state".
570:. Piercefield was developed into a park of national reputation, as one of the earliest examples of
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895:
764:
578:, and opened the park up to visitors. One of the many tourists to marvel at this view was the poet
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2141:"Dam and retaining walls of pond by the walled garden – Piercefield Park (Grade II) (24776)"
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481:, London-based property developers. A campaign to save and restore the building was launched by
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in 1629), and a later extension around 1700 is believed to have been the work of the architect
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The
Piercefield Walks and associated picturesque landscape features: An archaeological survey
1132:
John Newman considers the claim that the house was used for target practice to be apocryphal.
2585:(2009). "Piercefield and the Wye Tour, 1740-1800". In Gray, Madeleine; Morgan, Prys (eds.).
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Blackvein Colliery, Russell sold the estate in 1861 to Henry Clay, a banker and brewer from
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1000:. These include the Cold Bath, the Alcove, the Giant's Cave, the Platform, and the Grotto.
863:
which indicate that the new house incorporated elements of the earlier, original building.
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981:, who visited in 1875, disliked the result; "I was disappointed in the famous view of the
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wrote: "I am more and more convinced that it is far the most beautiful place I ever saw".
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1986:"Entrance gates and gatepiers at Middle Lodge – Piercefield Park (Grade II) (24771)"
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describe the park at Piercefield as "the par excellence outstanding example of an early
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2048:"Wall and gatepiers (known as Temple Doors) – Piercefield Park (Grade II) (24768)"
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687:. It is possible that he stayed in the summer of 1802 with her and her elderly husband
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The house is now a shell, along with its extensive stable block, but its status as a
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1730:"Sir John Soane's Piercefield House is in peril: handsome offer made to repair it"
879:". A "grand" staircase led to the upper floor. Either side of the saloon were the
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954:. Their popularity was confirmed in the account of a tour undertaken in 1770 by
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1955:"Milestone set in the boundary wall – Piercefield Park (Grade II) (24774)"
1924:"Milestone set in the boundary wall – Piercefield Park (Grade II) (24761)"
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994:
Cadw/ICOMOS Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales
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Cadw/ICOMOS Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales
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871:, published in 1801, gave a detailed description of the interior layout. The
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683:. Nelson was closely connected to the town of Monmouth through his mistress
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1893:"Lion Gates and attached Lodges – Piercefield Park (Grade II) (24758)"
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593:. In 1785, Piercefield was sold again, for £26,200, to George Smith, a
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633:. In 1798, the Chepstow Volunteer Cavalry was raised as part of the
1816:"Ruins of Piercefield House – East Pavilion (Grade II*) (24755)"
1785:"Ruins of Piercefield House – West Pavilion (Grade II*) (24754)"
848:
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1609:"Ruins of Piercefield House – Central Block (Grade II*) (2013)"
2110:"Barn and attached byre – Piercefield Park (Grade II) (24759)"
1029:
Piercefield House circa 1840 from a painting by George Eyre Brooks
911:
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The views created were not universally admired. The River Wye is
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Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales
466:, a notable series of firsts, or near firsts, for a black man in
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833:, which was built between 1785 and 1788. The central block is a
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In 1727, the estate was sold for £3,366, 5.6d to Thomas Rous of
147:
1433:"How UK heritage is coming to terms with its links to slavery"
919:
859:
columns added by Bonomi. Internally, Newman records traces of
388:, Wales, about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) north of the centre of
664:. Wells put the estate up for sale in 1825 after discovering
396:. It is flanked by two pavilions, of slightly later date, by
2823:
Archaeological survey of Piercefield Park Landscape features
641:, and received their standard at Piercefield from Mrs Wood.
150:) – (Central block) / Joseph Bonomi the Elder – (Pavilions)
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679:
spent a night at Piercefield House on one of his visits to
507:. The land was owned by the influential Walter family from
558:, landscaped the grounds around the house in the style of
1732:. Save Britain's Heritage. 29 August 2013. Archived from
906:
at Middle Lodge; Cliff Lodge; the Temple Doors gate; the
2017:"Cliff Lodge – Piercefield Park (Grade II) (24756)"
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and merchant. The estate was inherited by his son, also
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996:. A number of features within the park and grounds are
644:
In 1802, Wood in turn sold the house and estate to the
477:
reflects its importance. It is currently owned by the
266:
Ruins of Piercefield House, Right Hand or East Pavilion
2903:
Registered historic parks and gardens in Monmouthshire
1163:
from Piercefield is now held in the collection of the
875:, through which the house was entered, was an "oblong
691:, on a journey to a friend's Pembrokeshire estate via
228:
Ruins of Piercefield House, Left Hand or West Pavilion
2215:"Piercefield, Monmouthshire: Results of a new survey"
1210:
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618:, who continued and modified the work with architect
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and the dining room. These led to the breakfast and
1464:"Nathaniel Well's rise from slavery to slave owner"
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2624:. Woonton Almeley, Herefordshire: Logaston Press.
2591:. The Gwent County History. Vol. 3. Cardiff:
1702:"Piercefield House in Monmouthshire left to decay"
1687:"Ruined mansion still up for sale after six years"
1478:"Slave owner's former home, Piercefield, Chepstow"
902:set into the estate wall; the entrance gates and
2260:"Piercefield and the Wyndcliff (PGW(Gt)40(MON))"
705:and much admired for its tasteful architecture.
2828:People’s Collection Wales entry for Piercefield
2656:. Llandeilo, Wales: Dyfed Archaeological Trust.
702:
360:Location of Piercefield House in Monmouthshire
2495:An Historical Tour of Monmouthshire: Volume 2
1775:
1773:
988:Piercefield Park is listed, jointly with the
8:
2848:Grade II* listed buildings in Monmouthshire
2670:. The Buildings of Wales. London: Penguin.
867:, in the second of his two-volume journal,
775:, and footpaths which now form part of the
735:. However, following the explosion at his
190:Ruins of Piercefield House (Central Block)
40:
31:
2367:"The Giant's Cave – Piercefield (276012)"
805:, an environmental festival, since 2011.
554:was in its infancy. Morris, working with
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616:Member of Parliament for Newark-on-Trent
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2588:The Making of Monmouthshire, 1536–1780
2309:"The Cold Bath – Piercefield (276011)"
2289:. Glamorgan/Gwent Archaeological Trust
2242:
2213:Murphy, Ken; Whittle, Liz (May 2005).
2200:
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1326:
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435:, son of William Wells, a slaver from
2728:. Chepstow, Wales: Chepstow Society.
2396:"The Platform – Piercefield (276013)"
798:to seek protection for the building.
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7:
1875:
1635:Beckett, Matthew (4 February 2011).
431:. In 1802, the estate was bought by
46:The ruined Piercefield House in 2021
2744:Piercefield on the Banks of the Wye
2559:. Woonton Almeley: Logaston Press.
2463:The Hundred of Caldicot, first part
2338:"The Alcove – Piercefield (276014)"
1756:"Green Gathering: Where & How?"
1533:– via British History Online.
869:An Historical Tour in Monmouthshire
801:The park has been the site for the
786:in 2006 through their ownership of
716:Topographical Dictionary of England
27:Neoclassical country house in Wales
2425:"The Grotto – Piercefield (23104)"
1718:. The Forest Review. 31 July 2013.
1431:Mance, Henry (25 September 2020).
25:
2747:. Chepstow, Wales: F. G. Comber.
2265:National Historic Assets of Wales
2146:National Historic Assets of Wales
2115:National Historic Assets of Wales
2084:National Historic Assets of Wales
2053:National Historic Assets of Wales
2022:National Historic Assets of Wales
1991:National Historic Assets of Wales
1960:National Historic Assets of Wales
1929:National Historic Assets of Wales
1898:National Historic Assets of Wales
1821:National Historic Assets of Wales
1790:National Historic Assets of Wales
1614:National Historic Assets of Wales
122:George Smith – (Central block) /
2893:Grade II* listed houses in Wales
2833:Youtube video of the house, 2021
2725:The Unfortunate Valentine Morris
2498:. Cardiff: Merton Priory Press.
1675:. Country Life. 21 October 2005.
1143:The Unfortunate Valentine Morris
1094:
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1070:
1058:
1046:
1034:
1022:
1010:
351:
344:
2888:Grade II* listed ruins in Wales
2878:Country houses in Monmouthshire
2220:. Welsh Historic Gardens Trust.
1700:Jones, Michael (19 July 2020).
1673:"Soane's forgotten masterpiece"
605:to design a new mansion in the
597:banker, father of the linguist
1689:. Wales Online. 22 March 2013.
714:describing Piercefield in his
1:
2773:The Historic Gardens of Wales
303:Piercefield and the Wyndcliff
2621:The Wye Tour and its Artists
1462:Prior, Neil (28 July 2015).
1041:Piercefield House circa 1920
973:, leading to the deposit of
809:Architecture and description
427:who had made his fortune in
2770:Whittle, Elisabeth (1992).
1141:Ivor Waters, in his study,
1017:Valentine Morris circa 1765
765:Chepstow Racecourse Company
2919:
1165:Philadelphia Museum of Art
2693:Peterken, George (2008).
2618:Mitchell, Julian (2010).
2593:University of Wales Press
2530:. London: Pallas Athene.
1653:. Davis Sutton Architects
1308:. Parks & Gardens.org
835:Grade II* listed building
751:; the Chepstow team won.
475:Grade II* listed building
339:
335:
331:
286:
248:
210:
172:
39:
2858:History of Monmouthshire
2810:Piercefield Park website
2553:Hayman, Richard (2016).
914:and cottage; a barn and
670:Wye valley turnpike road
662:Sheriff of Monmouthshire
513:Sheriff of Monmouthshire
407:The estate has links to
2853:Houses in Monmouthshire
2818:Wye Valley AONB leaflet
2816:Picturesque Piercefield
2168:"Piercefield, Chepstow"
1148:Sir John Soane’s Museum
839:Joseph Bonomi the Elder
796:SAVE Britain's Heritage
755:20th and 21st centuries
519:, also responsible for
483:SAVE Britain's Heritage
398:Joseph Bonomi the Elder
2898:David and Simon Reuben
2458:Bradney, Joseph Alfred
784:David and Simon Reuben
707:
556:Richard Owen Cambridge
155:Architectural style(s)
2741:Waters, Ivor (1975).
2722:Waters, Ivor (1964).
950:restricted travel to
823:George Vaughan Maddox
144:George Vaughan Maddox
2868:John Soane buildings
2647:Murphy, Ken (2005).
1704:. South Wales Argus.
1101:View of the interior
992:, at Grade I on the
960:Richard Payne Knight
689:Sir William Hamilton
675:It is rumoured that
652:. Wells was born in
441:Justice of the Peace
373:is a largely ruined
2699:. London: Collins.
2667:Gwent/Monmouthshire
1855:"Piercefield House"
1844:, pp. 370–373.
1736:on 14 December 2013
1716:"A grim experiment"
1651:"Piercefield House"
1639:. The Country Seat.
1637:"Piercefield House"
1283:, pp. 470–473.
1089:The entrance saloon
998:scheduled monuments
896:Chepstow Racecourse
550:and tourism to the
495:18th–19th centuries
91: /
2287:"Piercefield Park"
1306:"Piercefield Park"
952:Continental Europe
622:, incorporating a
316:Reference no.
279:Reference no.
241:Reference no.
203:Reference no.
95:51.6579°N 2.6836°W
2787:978-0-117-01578-4
2754:978-0-904-76500-7
2706:978-0-007-16068-6
2677:978-0-140-71053-3
2631:978-1-906-66332-2
2602:978-0-708-32198-0
2566:978-1-910-83909-6
2537:978-1-843-68004-8
2505:978-1-898-93708-1
2473:978-1-873-36116-0
1758:. Green Gathering
1365:, pp. 50–51.
1053:The central block
944:French Revolution
769:Normandy landings
528:Wotton-under-Edge
456:deputy lieutenant
371:Piercefield House
368:
367:
124:Colonel Mark Wood
35:Piercefield House
16:(Redirected from
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2583:Mitchell, Julian
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2133:
2127:
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2009:
2003:
2002:
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1998:
1978:
1972:
1971:
1969:
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1947:
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1936:
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1480:. History Points
1474:
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1038:
1026:
1014:
926:Piercefield Park
881:withdrawing room
761:Wyndcliffe Court
719:
648:and slave owner
631:Llanthony Priory
568:Duke of Beaufort
560:Capability Brown
544:Valentine Morris
521:Chatsworth House
355:
354:
348:
274:14 February 2001
236:14 February 2001
198:14 February 2001
106:
105:
103:
102:
101:
100:51.6579; -2.6836
96:
92:
89:
88:
87:
84:
44:
32:
21:
18:Piercefield Park
2918:
2917:
2913:
2912:
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2907:
2838:
2837:
2806:
2788:
2769:
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2707:
2692:
2678:
2660:
2653:
2646:
2632:
2617:
2603:
2581:
2567:
2552:
2538:
2522:Gilpin, William
2520:
2506:
2488:
2474:
2456:
2453:
2448:
2447:
2437:
2435:
2423:
2422:
2418:
2408:
2406:
2394:
2393:
2389:
2379:
2377:
2365:
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2207:
2199:
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2151:
2149:
2135:
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2118:
2104:
2103:
2099:
2089:
2087:
2073:
2072:
2068:
2058:
2056:
2042:
2041:
2037:
2027:
2025:
2011:
2010:
2006:
1996:
1994:
1980:
1979:
1975:
1965:
1963:
1949:
1948:
1944:
1934:
1932:
1918:
1917:
1913:
1903:
1901:
1887:
1886:
1882:
1874:
1870:
1860:
1858:
1853:
1852:
1848:
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1826:
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1810:
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1521:
1517:
1509:
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1497:
1493:
1483:
1481:
1476:
1475:
1471:
1461:
1460:
1456:
1448:
1444:
1437:Financial Times
1430:
1429:
1425:
1417:
1413:
1405:
1401:
1393:
1384:
1376:
1369:
1361:
1357:
1349:
1345:
1337:
1333:
1325:
1321:
1311:
1309:
1304:
1303:
1299:
1291:
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1262:
1254:
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1242:
1238:
1230:
1221:
1213:
1206:
1198:
1194:
1186:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1171:
1158:
1154:
1140:
1136:
1131:
1127:
1121:debtors' prison
1118:
1114:
1109:
1102:
1099:
1090:
1087:
1078:
1075:
1066:
1063:
1054:
1051:
1042:
1039:
1030:
1027:
1018:
1015:
1006:
979:Francis Kilvert
948:Napoleonic Wars
928:
811:
803:Green Gathering
788:Northern Racing
777:Wye Valley Walk
757:
741:Burton-on-Trent
733:Prince of Wales
721:
709:
650:Nathaniel Wells
534:, the son of a
497:
492:
479:Reuben brothers
433:Nathaniel Wells
364:
363:
362:
361:
358:
357:
356:
311:1 February 2022
295:
258:
255:Listed Building
220:
217:Listed Building
182:
179:Listed Building
168:Privately owned
99:
97:
93:
90:
85:
82:
80:
78:
77:
47:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2916:
2914:
2906:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2863:Ruins in Wales
2860:
2855:
2850:
2840:
2839:
2836:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2812:
2805:
2804:External links
2802:
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2800:
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2387:
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2300:
2278:
2247:
2245:, p. 168.
2235:
2233:, p. 383.
2223:
2205:
2193:
2181:
2159:
2128:
2097:
2066:
2035:
2004:
1973:
1942:
1911:
1880:
1878:, p. 398.
1868:
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1397:, p. 471.
1382:
1367:
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1331:
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956:William Gilpin
927:
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889:conservatories
885:billiard rooms
827:Shotesham Park
810:
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773:nature reserve
756:
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677:Admiral Nelson
517:William Talman
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2523:
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2515:
2511:
2507:
2501:
2497:
2496:
2491:
2490:Coxe, William
2487:
2483:
2479:
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2248:
2244:
2239:
2236:
2232:
2231:Mitchell 2009
2227:
2224:
2216:
2209:
2206:
2203:, p. 46.
2202:
2197:
2194:
2191:, p. 23.
2190:
2189:Mitchell 2010
2185:
2182:
2169:
2163:
2160:
2148:
2147:
2142:
2138:
2132:
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2018:
2014:
2008:
2005:
1993:
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1983:
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1962:
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1592:
1588:
1585:, p. 27.
1584:
1579:
1576:
1573:, p. 28.
1572:
1567:
1564:
1561:, p. 26.
1560:
1555:
1552:
1549:, p. 39.
1548:
1543:
1541:
1537:
1525:
1519:
1516:
1513:, p. 23.
1512:
1507:
1504:
1501:, p. 77.
1500:
1495:
1492:
1479:
1473:
1470:
1465:
1458:
1455:
1452:, p. 78.
1451:
1450:Mitchell 2010
1446:
1443:
1438:
1434:
1427:
1424:
1421:, p. 21.
1420:
1415:
1412:
1409:, p. 19.
1408:
1403:
1400:
1396:
1391:
1389:
1387:
1383:
1380:, p. 76.
1379:
1374:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1359:
1356:
1353:, p. 77.
1352:
1351:Mitchell 2010
1347:
1344:
1340:
1339:Mitchell 2009
1335:
1332:
1329:, p. 14.
1328:
1323:
1320:
1307:
1301:
1298:
1294:
1289:
1286:
1282:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1271:
1269:
1267:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1256:Peterken 2008
1252:
1249:
1245:
1244:Peterken 2008
1240:
1237:
1234:, p. 38.
1233:
1228:
1226:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1211:
1209:
1205:
1202:, p. 37.
1201:
1196:
1193:
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1077:West pavilion
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853:Greek temples
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682:
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464:Monmouthshire
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421:Sir Mark Wood
418:
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386:Monmouthshire
383:
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378:country house
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375:neo-classical
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300:Official name
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68:Monmouthshire
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38:
33:
30:
19:
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2724:
2695:
2666:
2662:Newman, John
2649:
2620:
2587:
2555:
2526:
2494:
2462:
2436:. Retrieved
2428:
2419:
2407:. Retrieved
2399:
2390:
2378:. Retrieved
2370:
2361:
2349:. Retrieved
2341:
2332:
2320:. Retrieved
2312:
2303:
2291:. Retrieved
2281:
2269:. Retrieved
2263:
2250:
2238:
2226:
2208:
2196:
2184:
2172:. Retrieved
2162:
2150:. Retrieved
2144:
2131:
2119:. Retrieved
2113:
2100:
2088:. Retrieved
2082:
2069:
2057:. Retrieved
2051:
2038:
2026:. Retrieved
2020:
2007:
1995:. Retrieved
1989:
1976:
1964:. Retrieved
1958:
1945:
1933:. Retrieved
1927:
1914:
1902:. Retrieved
1896:
1883:
1871:
1859:. Retrieved
1849:
1837:
1825:. Retrieved
1819:
1806:
1794:. Retrieved
1788:
1760:. Retrieved
1750:
1738:. Retrieved
1734:the original
1724:
1710:
1695:
1681:
1667:
1655:. Retrieved
1645:
1630:
1618:. Retrieved
1612:
1578:
1566:
1554:
1547:Bradney 1994
1527:. Retrieved
1518:
1506:
1494:
1482:. Retrieved
1472:
1457:
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1426:
1414:
1402:
1363:Whittle 1992
1358:
1346:
1334:
1322:
1310:. Retrieved
1300:
1295:, p. 8.
1288:
1258:, p. 7.
1251:
1239:
1232:Bradney 1994
1217:, p. 4.
1200:Bradney 1994
1195:
1190:, p. 3.
1183:
1161:chimneypiece
1155:
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1128:
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987:
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865:William Coxe
843:
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725:John Russell
722:
715:
712:Samuel Lewis
708:
703:
674:
643:
588:
584:Joseph Banks
525:
498:
472:
460:high sheriff
406:
370:
369:
159:Neoclassical
29:
2776:. Cardiff:
2438:18 December
2409:18 December
2380:18 December
2351:18 December
2322:18 December
2293:19 December
2243:Hayman 2016
2201:Gilpin 2005
2174:19 December
2152:18 December
2121:18 December
2090:18 December
2059:18 December
2028:18 December
1997:18 December
1966:18 December
1935:18 December
1904:18 December
1861:20 December
1857:. Dicamillo
1842:Newman 2000
1827:18 December
1796:18 December
1762:19 December
1740:14 December
1657:19 December
1620:18 December
1583:Waters 1975
1571:Waters 1975
1559:Waters 1975
1529:19 December
1524:"St Arvans"
1511:Waters 1975
1499:Waters 1964
1484:20 December
1466:. BBC News.
1419:Waters 1975
1407:Waters 1975
1395:Newman 2000
1378:Waters 1964
1327:Waters 1975
1312:19 December
1293:Waters 1975
1281:Newman 2000
1215:Waters 1975
1188:Waters 1975
815:John Newman
749:E. M. Grace
745:Crimean War
591:West Indies
572:picturesque
536:slave owner
437:Saint Kitts
409:colonialism
402:Picturesque
257:– Grade II*
219:– Grade II*
181:– Grade II*
98: /
74:Coordinates
2842:Categories
2696:Wye Valley
2271:6 February
1175:References
1150:in London.
983:Wynd Cliff
900:milestones
697:Kymin Hill
635:war effort
603:John Soane
552:Wye Valley
445:Lieutenant
394:John Soane
308:Designated
271:Designated
233:Designated
195:Designated
136:John Soane
83:51°39′28″N
2734:937415391
2715:851762832
2640:648769582
2611:552064875
2575:957738564
2524:(2005) .
2492:(1995) .
2460:(1994) .
1876:Coxe 1995
1439:. London.
990:Wyndcliff
904:gatepiers
846:limestone
612:Mark Wood
599:Elizabeth
580:Coleridge
576:River Wye
505:St Pierre
470:England.
382:St Arvans
131:Architect
119:Built for
114:1792–1799
86:2°41′01″W
64:St Arvans
2873:Chepstow
2796:60058597
2686:45327986
2664:(2000).
2546:72761769
2514:34476778
2482:30354814
2170:. RCAHMW
975:mudflats
946:and the
940:Wye Tour
918:; and a
729:Wyelands
693:Monmouth
654:St Kitts
639:Napoleon
637:against
566:for the
548:farmland
509:medieval
468:Georgian
452:Yeomanry
449:Chepstow
404:estate.
390:Chepstow
60:Location
2763:2597661
2451:Sources
2429:Coflein
2400:Coflein
2371:Coflein
2342:Coflein
2313:Coflein
1004:Gallery
971:Lancaut
936:sublime
912:bothies
877:octagon
861:masonry
831:Norfolk
666:dry rot
658:Cardiff
646:planter
627:portico
564:Tintern
532:Antigua
490:History
447:in the
417:Antigua
413:slavery
327:Grade I
324:Listing
140:Pevsner
2794:
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2433:RCAHMW
2404:RCAHMW
2375:RCAHMW
2346:RCAHMW
2317:RCAHMW
898:; two
873:saloon
849:ashlar
718:(1848)
595:Durham
454:, and
429:Bengal
2654:(PDF)
2218:(PDF)
1107:Notes
967:tidal
857:Doric
737:Risca
624:Doric
501:manor
425:nabob
380:near
282:24755
244:24754
142:) or
111:Built
55:House
2792:OCLC
2782:ISBN
2778:CADW
2759:OCLC
2749:ISBN
2730:OCLC
2711:OCLC
2701:ISBN
2682:OCLC
2672:ISBN
2636:OCLC
2626:ISBN
2607:OCLC
2597:ISBN
2571:OCLC
2561:ISBN
2542:OCLC
2532:ISBN
2510:OCLC
2500:ISBN
2478:OCLC
2468:ISBN
2440:2021
2411:2021
2382:2021
2353:2021
2324:2021
2295:2021
2273:2023
2256:Cadw
2176:2021
2154:2021
2137:Cadw
2123:2021
2106:Cadw
2092:2021
2075:Cadw
2061:2021
2044:Cadw
2030:2021
2013:Cadw
1999:2021
1982:Cadw
1968:2021
1951:Cadw
1937:2021
1920:Cadw
1906:2021
1889:Cadw
1863:2021
1829:2021
1812:Cadw
1798:2021
1781:Cadw
1764:2021
1742:2013
1659:2021
1622:2021
1605:Cadw
1531:2021
1486:2021
1314:2021
930:The
916:byre
819:Cadw
695:and
458:and
443:, a
423:, a
411:and
206:2013
148:Cadw
134:Sir
52:Type
2556:Wye
969:at
920:dam
794:of
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