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On his return he stopped again at the village of the
Peorias, where he was warmly welcomed. He arrived back at Kaskaskia on September 10. From there he wrote a detailed account of his travels to Father Barthélemi Germon, also a Jesuit. Nearly all of the Kaskaskia residents were now Christians, he
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On
October 13, 1694, the French were ready to bombard the fort. They asked the English to surrender. On the 14th, the English, led by Thomas Walsh, brought a list of their conditions, written in Latin by the English minister, Thomas Anderson. Marest translated the conditions for the French, the
271:, and the priests of the two missions were somewhat antagonistic. The jurisdictional dispute was referred to Versailles, and an ecclesiastical commission supported the SĂ©minaire. As a result of the decision the Kaskaskias and Fathers Gravier and Marest started again on their trek.
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reported. The settlement had grown, and now included many
Frenchmen, some of whom had married Indian women. He reported also on the life of the missionaries: "our life is passed in threading dense forests, in climbing mountains, in crossing lakes and rivers in canoes...."
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In the fall of 1700 the
Kaskaskias began moving south to be closer to the French for protection. Gravier and Marest accompanied them. After four days journey they stopped at the Cahokia (or Tamaroa) mission at the mouth of the
343:, after an illness of only eight days. Father Jean Mermet issued a circular announcing his death the following year. In 1727 Father Jean-Antoine Le Boullenger reinterred his remains in the new Kaskaskia church.
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on his return.) Relations with the
Peorias remained strained, and the mission to them was closed. In 1711, having heard that the tribe was repentant, Marest decided to visit them and to continue on to
205:. Marest busied himself learning the native language, apparently from word lists supplied him before his arrival. He wrote a dictionary and translated the sign of the cross, some prayers and the
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He showed a talent for languages, learning the local indigenous language in a few months. He evangelized the
Indians, ministered to the converts, continued his journals, and lived very simply.
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332:, where his brother met him. They had not seen each other in 15 years. They left together for Michilimackinac, where Gabriel Marest stayed two months.
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He set out on April 10, 1711, accompanied by several
Indians. He spent a fortnight in the Peoria village, and then continued on to the mission to the
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166:. Marest wrote a running account of the voyage. Near the end of August they reached the entrance to Hudson Bay. On September 24 they entered the
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He returned to Canada shortly thereafter, probably early in 1697. In 1698 he was assigned to the mission of the
Immaculate Conception in the
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ships retook the fort, and Marest was himself taken prisoner. He was sent to
England, where he remained in prison for some months.
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The following summer (1695) Iberville returned to France with his
English prisoners. Marest remained behind with the
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Lettres Ă©difiantes et curieuses, escrites des missions Ă©trangeres par quelques missionaires de la Compagnie de JĂ©sus
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wound inflicted by the Peorias, Gravier left the Illinois country in 1705 to return to France. (He died in 1708 in
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region from the English. This was "contrary to my inclinations" he wrote, since he was anxious to work among the
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236:). The mission had been founded by Father Jacques Gravier and served a confederacy of tribes, among them the
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J. B. Tyrell, ed. Documents Relating to the Early History of Hudson's Bay. Toronto: Champlain Society, 1931.
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His writings lived after him. His scholarship, as his devotion, were praised by the fellow missionaries.
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Early voyages up and down the Mississippi, by Cavelier, St. Cosme, Le Sueur, Gravier, and Guignas
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Joseph Wallace, The history of Illinois and Louisiana under the French rule (Cincinnati, 1893)
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Sister Mary Borgias Palm, The Jesuit Missions of the Illinois Country, 1673–1763 (n.p., 1933)
298:, governor of Louisiana, who sent a sergeant and 12 men. Among the soldiers was the diarist
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Fleur de Lys and calumet: being the PĂ©nicaut narrative of French adventure in Louisiana
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English surrendered, and the French took possession of the fort. They renamed it
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The expedition sailed from Quebec on August 10 of that year in two frigates, the
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In 1694 Marest was sent to Canada and chosen chaplain of an expedition under
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The new community faced problems from Canadian traders, who supplied
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was "near being lost" according to Marest before finally anchoring.
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During the long winter, the French, including Marest, developed
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267:. This was not a Jesuit mission, but rather a mission of the
418:(30v., Paris, 1707–73; nouv. éd., 26v., Paris, 1780–83), VI.
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In the spring of 1703 they established the village of
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Marest died at Kaskaskia in September 1714 during an
131:. Then followed a few years of additional studies in
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Les Jésuites et la Nouvelle-France au XVIIIe siècle
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46:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
186:, with Iberville and Marest, on the Hayes. The
366:. Vol. II (1701–1740) (online ed.).
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147:that was being outfitted to try to take the
100:; October 14, 1662 – September 15, 1714, in
317:for a conference with the superior, Father
77:Learn how and when to remove this message
294:the women. Marest asked for help from
232:(then under French control as part of
178:at the mouth of the latter river. The
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16:French Jesuit missionary (1662–1714)
305:As the result of infection from an
296:Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville
198:. Marest said a thanksgiving mass.
463:French Roman Catholic missionaries
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478:Jesuit missionaries in New France
391:R.G. McWilliams, ed. and trans.,
269:Séminaire des Missions Étrangères
363:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
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468:People from Kaskaskia, Illinois
182:anchored on the Nelson and the
427:J.S. Camille de Rochemonteix,
402:, Vol. XXI (Champlain Society)
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216:of 80 men. In September 1696
407:Twenty years at York Factory
356:Hutcheson, Maud M. (1979) .
321:(Gabriel Marest's brother).
172:Hayes (Sainte-Thérèse) River
473:18th-century French Jesuits
458:17th-century French Jesuits
400:Hudson's Bay Company Series
368:University of Toronto Press
170:, next to the mouth of the
145:Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville
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360:. In Hayne, David (ed.).
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358:"Marest, Pierre-Gabriel"
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139:Expedition to York Fort
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168:Nelson (Bourbon) River
409:(Douglas and Wallace)
90:Pierre-Gabriel Marest
218:Hudson's Bay Company
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425:(in French)
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326:Potawatomis
254:Michigameas
135:and Paris.
92:(sometimes
59:introducing
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350:References
238:Kaskaskias
188:Salamandre
184:Salamandre
164:Salamandre
149:Hudson Bay
405:Jérémie,
282:Kaskaskia
276:Kaskaskia
234:Louisiana
176:York Fort
121:novitiate
102:Kaskaskia
341:epidemic
250:Tamaroas
242:Cahokias
214:garrison
162:and the
67:May 2014
328:on the
292:seduced
288:spirits
246:Peorias
153:Indians
133:Bourges
55:improve
398:Rich,
311:Mobile
203:scurvy
129:Vannes
114:Canada
110:Jesuit
98:Marais
307:arrow
125:Paris
94:Maret
40:, or
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