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plead his cause. But while in Paris he established friendships scholars who made it possible for him to continue his studies on fish. Although the Paris ichthyological collections surpassed those that
Broussonet had worked from in the South, they were not comprehensive enough for the classification work he wished to pursue. Ultimately, he went to England to seek the specimens needed for the morphological and systematic work he had in mind.
445:, where he hoped to create a botanical garden. Chaptal, then minister of the interior, supported his young relative's request, and Broussonet was named commissioner of commercial relations to the Cape on 15 October 1802. He returned to France in 1803 to prepare for this new assignment, only to learn that Chaptal had changed his mind and had had him made professor at the medical school of Montpellier, to succeed Gouan.
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in Lisbon. Banks also continued to be in contact and helped him financially. But French citizens who had emigrated to Spain earlier looked upon him as a revolutionary. Having become friends with
Simpson, American consul in Gibraltar, Broussonet accompanied him as physician on a diplomatic mission to
360:
Broussonet, then twenty-eight in 1789, enthusiastically welcomed revolutionary ideas, as was characteristic of his generation, but he was horrified by the tactics of the extreme left. On 22 July 1789, his friend
Berthier, held responsible for the current famine, was lynched and dragged through the
260:
Broussonet’s thesis was unanimously praised. Despite his youth, the professors of the
University of Montpellier asked that he be made his father’s successor when the latter retired (a rare but not uncommon request). The request was not granted, in spite of Broussonet himself traveling to Paris to
361:
streets before his eyes. Seeing the danger, Broussonet fled Paris. In 1792 he took refuge in
Montpellier but was accused of federalism and thrown in jail. He remained there only a few days, but his liberty was still precarious after his release. He then left Montpellier for
344:
Broussonet tried hard to fulfill the duties of his new offices. From 1785 to 1788, he published short notices, some signed, some anonymous (many are still unidentified to this day), for the use of farmers. Unfortunately, this work came too late, and the beginning of the
467:
when he suffered a stroke that caused a gradually worsening aphasia. On 17 August 1806 he notified the director of the medical school that he must resign his post, and a year later, he suffered a final stroke that caused his death.
341:, persuaded Broussonet to become its secretary. In addition to this post, Daubenton, who in 1783 had accepted the chair of rural economy at the Alfort Veterinary School, passed on this additional responsibility to his young friend.
653:"Abbe Correa de Serra, the Priest Ambassador of Portugal to the United States, "The Most Enlightened Foreigner That Ever Visited This Country," the "Most Extraordinary Man Living" and "Claimed as One of the Fathers of Our Country""
607:
Marie-Louise
Bauchot, Jacques Daget & Roland Bauchot, « Ichthyology in France at the Beginning of the 19th Century : The 'Histoire Naturelle des Poissons' of Cuvier (1769-1832) and Valenciennes (1794-1865) »,
388:
In 1795, when he returned to France, Broussonet's name was removed from the list of political refugees, and he regained possession of his property. Elected to the
Institut in 1796, he requested appointment as a
204:, where he was educated, and travelled to Morocco, Spain, the Canary Islands, and Southern Africa before returning to France and serving as director of the botanical garden in Montpellier. The tree
245:. Because of family tradition, he was headed toward studying medicine, which, at that time, included the study of the natural sciences which had not yet split off to form a separate discipline.
264:
1780 London offered
Broussonet all he could wish for: an active scientific community; naturalists already embracing Linnaeus’ ideas; collections rich in new species; and an influential friend,
271:
Banks had brought back from Cook's first expedition a considerable number of exotic fish, which he turned over to
Broussonet for study, thereby making it possible for Broussonet to start his
337:, the administrator of Paris, and responsible for its food supply. He had met Broussonet while in England studying methods of cultivation and animal husbandry. Berthier, who had revived the
623:
Olivier Héral, « Pierre Marie
Auguste Broussonet (1761-1807), naturaliste et médecin : un cas clinique important dans l’émergence de la doctrine française des aphasies »,
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501:« Essai de comparaison entre les mouvements des animaux et ceux des plantes, et description d’une espèce de sainfoin, dont les feuilles sont dans un mouvement continuel »,
599:
Dictionnaire historique ou Histoire abrégée des hommes qui se sont fait un nom par le génie, les talens, les vertus, les erreurs, depuis le commencement du monde jusqu'à nos jours
524:
Réflexions sur les avantages qui résulteroient de la réunion de la Société royale d’Agriculture, de l’École vétérinaire, et de trois chaires du Collège royal, au Jardin du roi
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438:
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303:, who planted it in the garden in 1788, where it can still be found. Broussonet also spent several months botanizing in the South of France and Catalonia with
333:. Many thought that the improvement of agricultural production, both in quality and in quantity, was an important priority. This view was especially held by
496:
Instruction sur la culture des turneps ou gros navets, sur la manière de les conserver et sur les moyens de les rendre propres à la nourriture des bestiaux
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413:
233:
As a child, Pierre showed a passion for natural history, cluttering his home with specimen collections. In school, he excelled in classical studies in
437:, where he became commissioner of commercial relations. He continued his collecting and observations, writing of them to Cavanilles, L'HĂ©ritier, and
752:
813:
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Recueil des éloges historiques des membres de l'Académie royale des sciences lus dans les séances de l'Institut royal de France par M. Cuvier
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Broussonet was born in Montpellier where his father, François Broussonet (1722-1792), was a physician and professor of medicine at the
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275:, which was to contain descriptions of 1,200 species. The first ten sections, in which he noted the important discovery of the
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397:. There he carried on his work of collecting and describing plants and animals, as well as attending to his consular duties.
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to join his brother Victor, then a doctor in the army of Pyrénées-Orientales. On 19 July 1794 he crossed the Spanish border.
452:, put him in charge of the botanical gardens. He restored its former layout and, helped financially by Chaptal, built an
249:, a convinced Linnaean, taught at the Montpellier medical school - apparently it was from him that Broussonet learned of
338:
773:
288:), given by Sir Joseph Banks and the first specimen of this tree imported into France. This species is often called a
175:
441:. When the local authorities forbade him to travel, Broussonet decided to leave his post. He asked to be sent to the
612:(PIETSCH T.W.ANDERSON W.D., dir. ; American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists : 27–80), 1997 (
373:
323:
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put an end to Broussonet's agricultural efforts. During this time, in 1786, the Portuguese naturalist and priest
219:
200:(28 February 1761 – 17 January 1807) was a French naturalist who contributed primarily to botany. He was born in
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393:, stating that he wished to return to Morocco to continue his research. In 1797 he was named vice-consul at
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326:, who, although anti-Linnaean, was friendly toward Broussonet, resulted in his election to the academy.
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because it was first observed by Europeans in fossil records before they discovered living trees in the
480:, Londini : P. Elmsly ; Parisiis : P. F. Didot ; Viennae : R. Graeffer, 1782.
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The challenges met by pre-revolutionary France led to Broussonet's decision to abandon the science of
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257:, which he defended in 1778. He received his doctorate on 27 May 1779, at the age of eighteen.
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Essai sur l'histoire naturelle de quelques espèces de moines, décrits à la manière de Linné
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A plague threatened Mogador in 1799. On 8 July, Broussonet sailed with his family to the
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When Broussonet returned to his homeland in 1782, he brought a Chinese maidenhair tree (
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526:, Paris : Impr. du Journal gratuit, 1790, in-8°, 42 p. (il y adopte le plan de
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517:, London : Printed for the proprietors and sold by C. Forster, 1789.
279:, were published in 1782 (Broussonet's Ichthyologia was never completed).
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742:. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 656.
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province in eastern China. He presented this rare tree to Gouan, then
226:(1727-1806), a professor at the medical school, was a relative, as was
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Broussonet was preparing to describe the 1,500 species collected at
314:
When he returned to Paris in 1785, Broussonet presented some of his
515:
Memoir on the regeneration of certain parts of the bodies of fishes
268:. With his promotion, Broussonet was elected to the Royal Society.
723:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
634:, Caen, thèse de doctorat en histoire, biographies ('Broussonet')
632:
Les bêtes à cornes dans la littérature agronomique de 1700 à 1850
222:. His brother, Victor, studied there and later became its dean.
255:
MĂ©moire pour servir Ă l'histoire de la respiration des poissons
573:
Georges Cuvier, « Éloge historique de Broussonet »,
505:(Paris : Impr. royale), 1785, in-4°, (p. 609–621)
554:
Histoire des découvertes et des voyages faits dans le Nord
585:
Dictionnaire des sciences médicales. Biographie médicale
400:
In 1798, Ortega attempted to honor Brousonet with genus
357:; there Correia befriended and studied with Broussonet.
693:
Science and Polity in France: The End of the Old Regime
601:, Paris : Méquignon fils aîné, 1818–1820, tome 9
509:
Année rurale, ou Calendrier à l'usage des cultivateurs
610:
in Collection building in ichthyology and herpetology
448:
Besides its teaching duties, Broussonet's new title,
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Ichthyologia sistens piscium descriptiones et icones
230:, who subsequently became minister of the interior.
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577:, Strasbourg, Paris : F. G. Levrault, 1819,
414:Charles Louis L'Héritier de Brutelle (1746–1800)
368:Broussonet was warmly received by the botanists
534:Elenchus plantarum horti botanici Monspeliensis
498:, Paris : Impr. royale, 1785, in-8°, 23 p.
458:Elenchus plantarum horti botanici Monspeliensis
416:successfully honored Broussonet with the genus
450:Directeur du Jardin des Plantes de Montpellier
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696:. Princeton University Press. p. 616.
657:The American Catholic Historical Researches
378:José Francisco Correia da Serra (1750–1823)
351:José Francisco Correia da Serra (1750–1823)
29:
18:
789:Members of the French Academy of Sciences
536:, Monspelii : Augusti Ricard, 1805.
486:(sous le pseudonyme de Jean d'Antimoine)
587:, Paris : Panckoucke, 1820, Tome 2
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324:Louis Jean-Marie D’Aubenton (1716-1799)
309:Father Pierre André Pourret (1754-1818)
7:
690:Gillispie, Charles Coulston (2009).
627:, 2009, 165, n° HS1, (p. 45–52)
556:, Paris : Cuchet, 1788, 2 vol.
503:Mémoires de l’Académie des sciences
374:Antonio José Cavanilles (1745-1804)
593:Article « Broussonet »,
583:Article « Broussonet »,
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370:Casimiro GĂłmez Ortega (1741-1818)
322:. Their merit and the support of
300:Jardin des plantes de Montpellier
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734:Broussonet, Pierre Marie Auguste
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511:, Paris, 1787–1788, 2 vol. in-12
376:in Madrid, Gordon in Jerez, and
335:Berthier de Sauvigny (1737-1789)
253:’ work. His thesis was entitled
228:Jean-Antoine Chaptal (1756-1832)
753:Pierre Marie Auguste Broussonet
353:arrived in France, fleeing the
198:Pierre Marie Auguste Broussonet
130:François Broussonet (1722-1792)
35:Pierre Marie Auguste Broussonet
23:Pierre Marie Auguste Broussonet
814:19th-century French zoologists
809:18th-century French zoologists
385:, where he studied the flora.
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804:19th-century French botanists
799:18th-century French botanists
16:French naturalist (1761–1807)
266:Sir Joseph Banks (1743-1820)
183:Author abbrev. (botany)
119:Jean Louis Victor Broussonet
794:Scientists from Montpellier
597:François Xavier de Feller,
408:, but it was rejected (now
176:National Assembly of France
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544:Translations (from German)
530:pour l’École vétérinaire)
305:John Sibthorp (1758-1796)
247:Antoine Gouan (1733-1821)
220:Université de Montpellier
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96:Université de Montpellier
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528:Philippe-Etienne Lafosse
739:Encyclopædia Britannica
550:Johann Reinhold Forster
391:voyageur de l’Institut
769:French ichthyologists
339:Société d’Agriculture
320:Académie des Sciences
316:Notes ichthyologiques
273:Ichthyologiae Decas I
755:at Wikimedia Commons
492:, Monachopolis, 1784
210:is named after him.
116:Elisabeth Broussonet
363:Bagnères-de-Bigorre
76:Montpellier, France
774:French naturalists
663:(1): 30–43. 1905.
625:Revue Neurologique
751:Media related to
703:978-0-691-11541-2
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347:French Revolution
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71:(1807-01-17)
784:1807 deaths
779:1761 births
603:Text online
589:Text online
579:Text online
538:Text online
519:Text online
482:Text online
355:Inquisition
331:ichthyology
318:before the
235:Montpellier
202:Montpellier
154:Ichthyology
82:Nationality
55:Montpellier
763:Categories
639:References
239:Montélimar
47:1761-02-28
669:2155-5273
677:44374476
465:Tenerife
454:orangery
439:Humboldt
426:, tribe
424:Moraceae
422:(family
406:Fabaceae
294:Zhejiang
251:Linnaeus
243:Toulouse
110:Children
727::
568:Sources
410:Sophora
395:Mogador
383:Morocco
187:Brouss.
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428:Moreae
241:, and
149:Botany
142:Fields
127:Parent
102:Spouse
86:French
59:France
673:JSTOR
307:with
698:ISBN
665:ISSN
614:ISBN
372:and
66:Died
41:Born
736:".
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