278:, Piomingo often visited other tribes in the southeastern woodlands, negotiating boundaries and disputes as needed. As a diplomat to the United States, Piomingo tended to favor an alliance with the new country as opposed to doing so with the Spanish—who at the time were actively courting the Chickasaw tribes to ally with them. His opponent in the Chickasaw tribes, Wolf's Friend (
412:
Having often traveled to the northeast from
Mississippi territory through the Tennessee territory to meet with Washington or his representatives, Piomingo repeatedly followed the same indian trail through the wilderness. The trail was known as 'Piomingo's Path' or 'Mountain Leader's Trace'. After his
378:
in
January 1786. The treaty pledged both parties to peace and everlasting friendship. It also set and formalized the Chickasaw boundaries with the United States. Piominko, who became head war chief of the Chickasaw while at the signing when news of Red King's death reached him, never wavered from his
386:
In a letter to
President Washington dated October 30, 1789, Piomingo implores the government to help re-supply his tribe with bullets and gun powder to help him prepare for possible hostilities as escalating tensions with the Creek caused him concern with expected military confrontations following
329:
Piomingo strove to become closer to the expanding United States and its technological advances, sometimes to the detriment of relationships with other
Chickasaw chiefs and allied Native American tribes such as the Choctaw and Cherokee. John Quincy Adams observed this during Piomingo's diplomatic
342:. Letters, written by Washington, recognized his importance to the United States and its continued expansion west, as the Spanish actively sought rights to the Chickasaw lands, and had split the Chickasaw tribes loyalties in half. Creek leader,
282:), along with most of the other chiefs, preferred the Spanish offers, and also made a pact with them. Both factions, however, continued their disfavor with the British, who were allied with their enemy, the
309:
represented the
Chickasaw in November 1783, signing a treaty that gave up a large parcel of land at the juncture of Illinois, Kentucky, and Tennessee in exchange for U.S. help to evict a
289:
Piomingo's interest in friendship with the United States government dates back to the early 1780s when
Piomingo, following the January 11, 1781, Chickasaw attack on the
257:) around 1750. As a young child, he was raised for a time among the Cherokee allies of his tribe. By the time he was a teenager, he was called "Mountain Leader of
798:
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that then would be set aside for the federal government's use, at a price. Mingo-Houma at that time considered himself to be the war chief of all
Chickasaws.
380:
534:
371:
742:; created May, 4, 2002; perma-link; National Archives website; "Founders Online;" Source Project: Washington Papers; retrieved March 9, 2023
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346:, who with Spanish help was trying to build a pan-Indian confederation to confront America, thought him a traitor to all Native Americans.
759:
502:
Piomingo concluded: "Peace is Now
Settled, ... I was the first to propose it, ... & AM in hope No more Blood Shed by Either party."
697:; "The President's House in Philadelphia;" Green, Richard; tribal historian; "The Chickasaw Times;" (July 2009); ; retrieved March 2023
533:
Piominko was unfamiliar with this ritual, as
Washington had apparently thought smoking the peace pipe was a universal ceremony among
648:
714:
261:" by the Cherokee. He earned the title, Piomingo, shortly after reaching adulthood. It is the name history remembers him by.
334:"...the two leaders sat together and shared 'a large East Indian pipe' that Washington had arranged to have..." –John Q. Adams
778:; J. Ferral; Philadelphia : (1838); cdl; americana; Accession number: thesavage00robi; IA Collections; OCLC: 1085656469.
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653:; article; Morris, M. Scott; The Oxford Eagle online; Oxford, Mississippi; (September 11, 2017); retrieved March 2023
468:"...Piomingo's historical importance was for a long time obscured by historian Samuel G. Drake's confusing him with
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The
Cumberland settlement was at that time still unclear if located within North Carolina or Virginia lands.
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808:
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612:"The American Revolution in Indian Country : Crisis and diversity in Native American communities
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National Archives : To George Washington from Piomingo, 30 October 1789 [letter not found
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the next Spring thaw. In 1792—at Washington's behest—Piomingo received a Peace Medal from
235:. Piomingo received a presidential peace medal from Washington for his loyalty to the US.
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293:, negotiated a treaty of peace and friendship between the Chickasaw and the state of
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Mingo-houma, or "Red King"; the red king of a tribe was generally the war chief, or
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The Creek were also antagonistic with the United States frontiersmen at this time.
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and Piomingo considered themselves to be friends. He was a signatory to the
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676:; synopsis of profile article; Chickasaw TV website; retrieved March 2023
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A cession later affirmed in the Treaty at Hopewell Plantation in 1786.
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in Mississippi is named for him. There is a statue of Piomingo in
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that adorned the late eighteenth-century merchant vessel, the US
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Piomingo developed and cultivated a friendship with President
515:. Ming-Houma claimed supreme "kingship'" over the Chickasaw.
409:, in a region close to the historic Chickasaw settlements.
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at his birth in the Chickasaw trading-hub and settlement of
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Chickasaw Leader Piominko Impacted US, Mississippi History
459:" was a title of respect and leadership to the Chickasaw.
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decision to align his tribe to the U.S., even though the
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visit with Washington, and recorded in his diary that:
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Profile : Piomingo – Chickasaw Leader and Diplomat
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Lawler Jr; Edward; "The President's House Revisited,"
394:for his tribe's friendship with the United States.
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783:The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography
588:; Tennessee Historical Magazine, 4; (1918); p. 108
719:; pp. 174, 238–239, 286; retrieved March 10, 2023
716:History of Tennessee during the Revolutionary War
383:didn’t always live up to its side of the deal.
586:Indian Wars and Warriors of the Old Southwest
420:His likeness was reported to possibly be the
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694:Chickasaws Visit President Washington (1794)
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27:Historic Chickasaw chief (c.1750 – c.1799)
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572:Chickasaw Chiefs and Prominent Members
413:death, this route became known as the
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799:18th-century Native American leaders
625:; pp. 213, 220 & 220fn, 230–241
484:translates literally as "Longtown".
297:. This treaty was signed with Col.
147:Chickasaw diplomat and negotiator
25:
757:"The Last of the Chickasaw Kings"
575:; Geni.com; retrieved March 2023
176:G. Washington Peace Medal, 1792
301:on behalf of the colonists at
227:chief and diplomat. President
223:; born c.1750 – c.1799) was a
1:
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584:See Goodpasture, Albert V.;
350:Major treaty signer and ally
233:Chickasaw Treaty of Hopewell
785:, Vol. CXXIX, No. 4 (2005).
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325:Friendship with Washington
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184:
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87:(about age 50 years old)
150:Allegiance to the U.S.;
93:(Longtown), near Tupelo
713:Cole, William Samuel;
366:, Piomingo signed the
360:and head white chief,
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455:The word or suffix, "
344:Alexander McGillivray
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66:Chokkilissa Olde Town
610:Calloway, Colin G.;
428:, at its launching.
407:Tupelo, Mississippi
372:Hopewell plantation
291:Cumberland district
255:Tupelo, Mississippi
102:Tupelo, Mississippi
70:Tupelo, Mississippi
381:Federal government
253:(near present day
155:Treaty of Hopewell
139:Colonial expansion
776:The Savage – 1782
415:Old Natchez Trace
340:George Washington
229:George Washington
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128:Years active
123:; Mountain Leader
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354:Along with
307:Mingo-houma
303:French Lick
280:Ugulayacabe
259:Tchoukafala
250:Chokkilissa
219:(sometimes
204:Indian Wars
107:Nationality
91:Tchoukafala
85: 1799
61: 1750
793:Categories
553:References
438:Tishomingo
422:figurehead
392:Henry Knox
245:Tushatohoa
239:Early life
190:Allegiance
47:Tushatohoa
513:skiagusta
313:tribe of
311:squatting
265:Diplomacy
225:Chickasaw
199:Campaigns
131:1778–1799
111:Chickasaw
99:Monuments
760:archived
432:See also
357:Lotapaia
295:Virginia
221:Piominko
217:Piomingo
121:Piominko
68:, (near
38:Piomingo
18:Piominko
153:Signed
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472:..." .
398:Legacy
368:Treaty
317:below
173:Awards
444:Notes
167:Chief
163:Title
34:Chief
619:ISBN
78:Died
54:Born
374:in
370:at
286:.
274:As
136:Era
795::
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417:.
82:c.
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72:)
20:)
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