562:
86:
270:
61:
33:
793:
Safford, H.D. 2013. Natural Range of
Variation (NRV) for yellow pine and mixed conifer forests in the bioregional assessment area, including the Sierra Nevada, southern Cascades, and Modoc and Inyo National Forests. Unpublished report. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Region, Vallejo, CA,
476:
is variously described as reminiscent of vanilla, lemon, pineapple, violets, apple, and, quite commonly, butterscotch. This scent may be sampled by breaking off a shoot or some needles, or by simply smelling the resin's scent in between the plates of the bark. This scent is related to the very
452:
cone scale barbs point outward, so feel sharp and prickly to the palm of one's hands. The memory device of 'gentle
Jeffrey' and 'prickly ponderosa' can be used to differentiate between the species. Another distinguishing characteristic is that the needles of
644:
was distinguished from ponderosa pine as a distinct species in 1853, resin distillers operating in its range suffered a number of "inexplicable" explosions during distillation, now known to have been caused by the unwitting use of
Jeffrey pine resin.
531:
in Mexico. It is a high-altitude species; in the north of its range, it grows widely at 1,500 to 2,100 m (4,900 to 6,900 ft) altitude, and at 1,800 to 2,900 m (5,900 to 9,500 ft) in the south of its range.
1656:
1094:
1651:
402: in) long, dark purple when immature, ripening pale brown, with thinly woody scales bearing a short, sharp inward-pointing barb. The seeds are 10 to 12 millimeters (
1661:
1409:
1474:
1626:
1671:
444:(ponderosa pine) and is similar in appearance. One way to distinguish between them is by their cones. Each has barbs at the end of the scales. The sharp
500:. Its trunk contains 129 m (4,600 cu ft) of wood, is 59 m (194 ft) tall, with a diameter of 2.5 m (8 ft 2 in).
921:
1525:
1347:
1422:
1360:
838:
771:
1546:
1019:
905:
872:
344:
tree, reaching 25 to 40 meters (82 to 131 ft) tall, rarely up to 53 m (174 ft) tall, though smaller when growing at or near
85:
1636:
1311:
1191:
1666:
673:
1396:
1453:
1427:
767:
1641:
834:
1572:
469:
by the relatively smaller scales of reddish-brown bark as compared to the larger plates of orangish ponderosa bark.
1559:
497:
1479:
1448:
478:
217:
1646:
1564:
820:
598:
however this occurrence is rare due to the fact that the pines release pollen at different times of the year.
448:
cone scale barbs point inward, so the cone feels smooth to the palm of one's hand when rubbed down the cone.
657:
323:
1339:
981:
929:
812:
1334:
1264:
1202:
1254:
1181:
244:
201:
1365:
1146:
1126:
1489:
1285:
1176:
795:
746:"A List of Mammals obtained by Edmund Heller from the Coast Region of Northern California and Oregon"
524:
1326:
561:
1240:
260:
50:
1466:
722:
1598:
864:
745:
569:
80:
1551:
967:
1414:
609:
wood is similar to ponderosa pine wood, and is used for the same purposes. Crystallized sap of
1510:
1272:
1158:
1150:
1065:
1025:
1015:
901:
878:
868:
185:
1515:
1122:
830:
717:
573:
269:
1440:
1388:
1497:
555:
528:
440:
319:
1538:
1631:
1533:
960:
520:
110:
558:
and is often dominant in these conditions, even on dry sites at fairly low altitudes.
1620:
1435:
1043:
708:
678:
300:
70:
65:
699:
542:. At higher elevations, on poorer soils, in colder climates, and in drier climates,
1603:
1277:
593:
371:
32:
896:
Moore, Gerry; Kershner, Bruce; Tufts, Craig; Mathews, Daniel; et al. (2008).
1577:
461:, and by the stouter, heavier cones with larger seeds and inward-pointing barbs.
1461:
1373:
1234:
1142:
1029:
882:
637:
516:
307:
123:
1316:
1225:
1298:
1187:
345:
341:
338:
1590:
1162:
858:
1502:
860:
Northwest Trees: Identifying & Understanding the Region's Native Trees
485:. It is because of this peculiarity that the trees are sometimes known as
1585:
1219:
353:
163:
1352:
614:
482:
153:
143:
133:
1009:
1378:
1249:
626:
622:
512:
315:
311:
1196:
1401:
1303:
898:
National
Wildlife Federation Field Guide to Trees of North America
560:
303:
97:
1095:"Pinus jeffreyi, Jeffrey pine | Trees of Stanford & Environs"
1154:
349:
173:
1290:
1200:
621:
resin led to n-heptane being selected as the zero point on the
44:
growing on volcanic table lands south of Mono Lake, California
496:, by trunk volume, is the Eureka Valley Giant, in the
750:
Field
Columbian Museum Publication, Zoological Series
1011:
California plants : a guide to our iconic flora
819:. In Burns, Russell M.; Honkala, Barbara H. (eds.).
1209:
613:has been eaten as candy. The exceptional purity of
959:
943:Vizgirdas, Ray S.; Rey-Vizgirdas, Edna M. (2006).
322:. It is named in honor of its botanist documenter
1070:Proceedings of the Society of American Foresters
660:, who encountered it in 1852 near Mount Shasta.
422: in) long, with a large (15 to 25 mm (
1066:"Turpentine possibilities on the pacific coast"
857:Arno, Stephen F.; Hammerly, Ramona P. (2020) .
656:is named for its discoverer, Scottish botanist
1657:Natural history of the California Coast Ranges
1139:Cone-bearing Trees of the California Mountains
457:are glaucous, less bright green than those of
841:(USDA) – via Southern Research Station.
723:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42371A2975870.en
352:are needle-like, in bundles of three, stout,
8:
947:. Reno, Nevada: University of Nevada Press.
477:unusual composition of the resin, with the
1652:Flora of the Sierra Nevada (United States)
1197:
481:component made up almost entirely of pure
268:
59:
31:
20:
806:
804:
802:
721:
1662:Least concern flora of the United States
839:United States Department of Agriculture
789:
787:
772:Integrated Taxonomic Information System
690:
310:, but also in the westernmost part of
1003:
1001:
7:
1490:9806ebc7-d24e-4138-b669-a8f39a6123c4
852:
850:
848:
632:As it mainly consists of n-heptane,
572:of northwest California, growing on
1627:IUCN Red List least concern species
709:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
465:can be somewhat distinguished from
1192:University of California, Berkeley
962:Forest Giants of the Pacific Coast
900:. New York: Sterling. p. 86.
356:gray-green, 12 to 23 centimeters (
14:
1672:Taxa named by John Hutton Balfour
1565:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1215899-2
966:. Global Forest Society. p.
863:(field guide ed.). Seattle:
1064:Smith, C. Stowell (1914-12-04).
945:Wild Plants of the Sierra Nevada
674:List of California native plants
84:
16:Pine tree found in North America
744:Elliot, Daniel Giraud (1904).
1:
538:is more stress tolerant than
835:United States Forest Service
811:Jenkinson, James L. (1990).
306:tree. It is mainly found in
1690:
1145:(illustrations). Chicago:
636:resin is a poor source of
498:Stanislaus National Forest
1637:Trees of Northern America
958:Van Pelt, Robert (2001).
267:
250:
243:
81:Scientific classification
79:
57:
48:
39:
30:
23:
1667:Plants described in 1853
827:Silvics of North America
504:Distribution and habitat
370:to 9 in) long. The
1177:Jepson Manual treatment
1147:A.C. McClurg & Co.
576:
550:as the dominant tree.
515:south through much of
511:occurs from southwest
438:is closely related to
374:are 12 to 25 cm (
1008:Ritter, Matt (2018).
564:
432:to 1 in)) wing.
716:: e.T42371A2975870.
554:is also tolerant of
1642:Flora of California
986:www.srs.fs.usda.gov
982:"PinusieffreyiGrev"
698:Farjon, A. (2013).
664:is Latin for pine.
587:can hybridize with
51:Conservation status
1099:trees.stanford.edu
1014:. Pacific Street.
867:. pp. 57–58.
865:Mountaineers Books
577:
570:Siskiyou Mountains
1614:
1613:
1511:Open Tree of Life
1203:Taxon identifiers
1123:Chase, J. Smeaton
1021:978-0-9998960-0-6
907:978-1-4027-3875-3
874:978-1-68051-329-5
276:
275:
74:
1679:
1607:
1606:
1594:
1593:
1581:
1580:
1568:
1567:
1555:
1554:
1542:
1541:
1529:
1528:
1519:
1518:
1506:
1505:
1493:
1492:
1483:
1482:
1470:
1469:
1457:
1456:
1444:
1443:
1431:
1430:
1418:
1417:
1405:
1404:
1392:
1391:
1382:
1381:
1369:
1368:
1356:
1355:
1343:
1342:
1330:
1329:
1320:
1319:
1307:
1306:
1294:
1293:
1281:
1280:
1268:
1267:
1258:
1257:
1245:
1244:
1243:
1230:
1229:
1228:
1198:
1190:photo database,
1166:
1149:pp. 20–22.
1109:
1108:
1106:
1105:
1091:
1085:
1084:
1082:
1081:
1061:
1055:
1054:
1051:NRCS Plant Guide
1048:
1040:
1034:
1033:
1005:
996:
995:
993:
992:
978:
972:
971:
965:
955:
949:
948:
940:
934:
933:
928:. Archived from
918:
912:
911:
893:
887:
886:
854:
843:
842:
831:Washington, D.C.
808:
797:
791:
782:
781:
779:
778:
768:"Pinus jeffreyi"
764:
758:
757:
741:
735:
734:
732:
730:
725:
695:
556:serpentine soils
431:
430:
426:
421:
420:
416:
411:
410:
406:
401:
400:
396:
393:
387:
386:
382:
379:
369:
368:
364:
361:
283:, also known as
272:
256:
236:P. jeffreyi
89:
88:
68:
63:
62:
35:
21:
1689:
1688:
1682:
1681:
1680:
1678:
1677:
1676:
1647:Flora of Oregon
1617:
1616:
1615:
1610:
1602:
1597:
1589:
1584:
1576:
1571:
1563:
1558:
1550:
1545:
1537:
1532:
1524:
1522:
1514:
1509:
1501:
1498:Observation.org
1496:
1488:
1486:
1478:
1473:
1465:
1460:
1452:
1447:
1439:
1434:
1426:
1421:
1413:
1408:
1400:
1395:
1387:
1385:
1377:
1372:
1364:
1359:
1351:
1346:
1338:
1333:
1325:
1323:
1315:
1310:
1302:
1297:
1289:
1284:
1276:
1271:
1263:
1261:
1253:
1248:
1239:
1238:
1233:
1224:
1223:
1218:
1205:
1173:
1135:(Jeffrey-pine)"
1129:Pinus Ponderosa
1121:
1118:
1116:Further reading
1113:
1112:
1103:
1101:
1093:
1092:
1088:
1079:
1077:
1063:
1062:
1058:
1046:
1042:
1041:
1037:
1022:
1007:
1006:
999:
990:
988:
980:
979:
975:
957:
956:
952:
942:
941:
937:
920:
919:
915:
908:
895:
894:
890:
875:
856:
855:
846:
829:. Vol. 1.
810:
809:
800:
792:
785:
776:
774:
766:
765:
761:
743:
742:
738:
728:
726:
697:
696:
692:
687:
670:
651:
617:distilled from
604:
589:Pinus ponderosa
582:
548:Pinus ponderosa
540:Pinus ponderosa
529:Baja California
527:), to northern
519:(mainly on the
506:
467:Pinus ponderosa
459:Pinus ponderosa
450:Pinus ponderosa
441:Pinus ponderosa
428:
424:
423:
418:
414:
413:
408:
404:
403:
398:
394:
391:
389:
384:
380:
377:
375:
366:
362:
359:
357:
332:
320:Baja California
318:, and northern
314:, southwestern
263:
258:
252:
239:
83:
75:
64:
60:
53:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1687:
1686:
1683:
1675:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1619:
1618:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1608:
1604:wfo-0000481099
1595:
1582:
1569:
1556:
1543:
1530:
1526:pinus-jeffreyi
1520:
1507:
1494:
1484:
1471:
1458:
1445:
1432:
1419:
1406:
1393:
1383:
1370:
1357:
1344:
1331:
1321:
1308:
1295:
1282:
1269:
1259:
1255:pinus-jeffreyi
1246:
1241:Pinus jeffreyi
1231:
1215:
1213:
1211:Pinus jeffreyi
1207:
1206:
1201:
1195:
1194:
1183:Pinus jeffreyi
1179:
1172:
1171:External links
1169:
1168:
1167:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1110:
1086:
1056:
1044:"Jeffrey Pine"
1035:
1020:
997:
973:
950:
935:
932:on 2011-06-14.
922:"Jeffrey Pine"
913:
906:
888:
873:
844:
815:Pinus jeffreyi
798:
783:
759:
756:(11): 175–197.
736:
702:Pinus jeffreyi
689:
688:
686:
683:
682:
681:
676:
669:
666:
654:Pinus jeffreyi
650:
647:
642:Pinus jeffreyi
634:Pinus jeffreyi
619:Pinus jeffreyi
611:Pinus jeffreyi
607:Pinus jeffreyi
603:
600:
585:Pinus jeffreyi
581:
578:
566:Pinus jeffreyi
552:Pinus jeffreyi
544:Pinus jeffreyi
536:Pinus jeffreyi
509:Pinus jeffreyi
505:
502:
494:Pinus jeffreyi
487:gasoline trees
474:Pinus jeffreyi
463:Pinus jeffreyi
455:Pinus jeffreyi
446:Pinus jeffreyi
436:Pinus jeffreyi
335:Pinus jeffreyi
331:
328:
301:North American
289:Jeffrey's pine
280:Pinus jeffreyi
274:
273:
265:
264:
259:
254:Pinus jeffreyi
248:
247:
241:
240:
233:
231:
227:
226:
215:
211:
210:
199:
195:
194:
183:
179:
178:
171:
167:
166:
161:
157:
156:
151:
147:
146:
141:
137:
136:
131:
127:
126:
121:
114:
113:
108:
101:
100:
95:
91:
90:
77:
76:
58:
55:
54:
49:
46:
45:
42:Pinus jeffreyi
37:
36:
28:
27:
25:Pinus jeffreyi
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1685:
1684:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1624:
1622:
1605:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1521:
1517:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1485:
1481:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1384:
1380:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1322:
1318:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1260:
1256:
1251:
1247:
1242:
1236:
1232:
1227:
1221:
1217:
1216:
1214:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1199:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1170:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1134:
1130:
1124:
1120:
1119:
1115:
1100:
1096:
1090:
1087:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1060:
1057:
1052:
1045:
1039:
1036:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1017:
1013:
1012:
1004:
1002:
998:
987:
983:
977:
974:
969:
964:
963:
954:
951:
946:
939:
936:
931:
927:
923:
917:
914:
909:
903:
899:
892:
889:
884:
880:
876:
870:
866:
862:
861:
853:
851:
849:
845:
840:
836:
832:
828:
824:
823:
818:
816:
807:
805:
803:
799:
796:
790:
788:
784:
773:
769:
763:
760:
755:
751:
747:
740:
737:
724:
719:
715:
711:
710:
705:
703:
694:
691:
684:
680:
679:Sentinel Dome
677:
675:
672:
671:
667:
665:
663:
659:
655:
648:
646:
643:
639:
635:
630:
628:
624:
623:octane rating
620:
616:
612:
608:
601:
599:
597:
595:
590:
586:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
530:
526:
525:Sierra Nevada
522:
518:
514:
510:
503:
501:
499:
495:
490:
488:
484:
480:
475:
472:The scent of
470:
468:
464:
460:
456:
451:
447:
443:
442:
437:
433:
373:
355:
351:
347:
343:
340:
336:
329:
327:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
281:
271:
266:
262:
257:
255:
249:
246:
245:Binomial name
242:
238:
237:
232:
229:
228:
225:
224:
220:
216:
213:
212:
209:
208:
204:
200:
197:
196:
193:
192:
188:
184:
181:
180:
177:
176:
172:
169:
168:
165:
162:
159:
158:
155:
152:
149:
148:
145:
142:
139:
138:
135:
132:
129:
128:
125:
122:
119:
116:
115:
112:
111:Tracheophytes
109:
106:
103:
102:
99:
96:
93:
92:
87:
82:
78:
72:
67:
66:Least Concern
56:
52:
47:
43:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
19:
1210:
1182:
1138:
1132:
1128:
1102:. Retrieved
1098:
1089:
1078:. Retrieved
1076:(1): 327–338
1073:
1069:
1059:
1050:
1038:
1010:
989:. Retrieved
985:
976:
961:
953:
944:
938:
930:the original
925:
916:
897:
891:
859:
826:
821:
814:
775:. Retrieved
762:
753:
749:
739:
727:. Retrieved
713:
707:
701:
693:
661:
658:John Jeffrey
653:
652:
641:
633:
631:
618:
610:
606:
605:
594:Coulter pine
592:
588:
584:
583:
565:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
534:
521:eastern side
508:
507:
493:
492:The largest
491:
486:
473:
471:
466:
462:
458:
454:
449:
445:
439:
435:
434:
334:
333:
324:John Jeffrey
296:
292:
288:
285:Jeffrey pine
284:
279:
278:
277:
253:
251:
235:
234:
222:
218:
214:Subsection:
206:
202:
190:
186:
174:
124:Gymnospermae
117:
104:
41:
24:
18:
1539:kew-2561675
1462:NatureServe
1374:iNaturalist
1235:Wikispecies
1143:Eytel, Carl
926:enature.com
729:19 November
337:is a large
330:Description
293:yellow pine
40:A stand of
1621:Categories
1534:Plant List
1262:Calflora:
1104:2022-10-04
1080:2019-12-22
1030:1036213303
991:2022-10-17
883:1141235469
777:2018-11-03
685:References
638:turpentine
574:serpentine
517:California
339:coniferous
308:California
297:black pine
223:Ponderosae
182:Subgenus:
130:Division:
1340:233500938
1188:CalPhotos
640:. Before
625:scale of
615:n-heptane
546:replaces
483:n-heptane
346:tree line
342:evergreen
230:Species:
221:subsect.
207:Trifoliae
198:Section:
144:Pinopsida
134:Pinophyta
94:Kingdom:
1591:24900195
1586:Tropicos
1467:2.127906
1415:10719005
1402:263023-1
1220:Wikidata
1155:11004975
1133:Jeffreyi
1125:(1911).
837:(USFS),
822:Conifers
668:See also
649:Taxonomy
591:and the
479:volatile
354:glaucous
164:Pinaceae
160:Family:
71:IUCN 3.1
1449:MoBotPF
1353:5285010
1226:Q251370
1186:in the
1163:3477527
1053:. USDA.
580:Ecology
568:in the
523:of the
427:⁄
417:⁄
407:⁄
397:⁄
383:⁄
365:⁄
299:, is a
170:Genus:
154:Pinales
150:Order:
140:Class:
98:Plantae
69: (
1547:PLANTS
1516:736886
1503:129778
1487:NZOR:
1454:284997
1428:183345
1327:pinjef
1324:FEIS:
1317:150582
1291:999712
1250:ARKive
1161:
1153:
1028:
1018:
904:
881:
871:
627:petrol
513:Oregon
350:leaves
348:. The
316:Oregon
312:Nevada
205:sect.
189:subg.
1632:Pinus
1578:13090
1523:PPE:
1480:55061
1441:42371
1410:IRMNG
1386:IPA:
1379:48463
1366:28461
1312:EUNIS
1304:PIUJE
1278:77KTP
1131:var.
1047:(PDF)
662:Pinus
372:cones
261:Balf.
191:Pinus
175:Pinus
118:Clade
105:Clade
1560:POWO
1552:PIJE
1475:NCBI
1436:IUCN
1423:ITIS
1397:IPNI
1389:3223
1361:GRIN
1348:GBIF
1299:EPPO
1265:6515
1159:OCLC
1151:LCCN
1026:OCLC
1016:ISBN
902:ISBN
879:OCLC
869:ISBN
731:2021
714:2013
602:Uses
304:pine
295:and
1599:WFO
1573:RHS
1335:FNA
1286:EoL
1273:CoL
968:108
718:doi
412:to
388:to
1623::
1601::
1588::
1575::
1562::
1549::
1536::
1513::
1500::
1477::
1464::
1451::
1438::
1425::
1412::
1399::
1376::
1363::
1350::
1337::
1314::
1301::
1288::
1275::
1252::
1237::
1222::
1157:.
1141:.
1137:.
1097:.
1074:IX
1072:.
1068:.
1049:.
1024:.
1000:^
984:.
924:.
877:.
847:^
833::
825:.
801:^
786:^
770:.
752:.
748:.
712:.
706:.
629:.
489:.
326:.
291:,
287:,
219:P.
203:P.
187:P.
120::
107::
1165:.
1127:"
1107:.
1083:.
1032:.
994:.
970:.
910:.
885:.
817:"
813:"
780:.
754:3
733:.
720::
704:"
700:"
596:,
429:8
425:5
419:2
415:1
409:8
405:3
399:4
395:3
392:+
390:9
385:4
381:3
378:+
376:4
367:4
363:3
360:+
358:4
73:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
