290:
46:
107:
The bomb is usually a short section of steel water pipe containing the explosive mixture and closed at both ends with steel or brass caps. A fuse is inserted into the pipe with a lead running out through a hole in the side or capped end of the pipe. The fuse can be electric, with wires leading to a
194:
If any type of bomb is suspected, typical recommendations are to keep all people at a minimum evacuation distance until authorized bomb disposal personnel arrive. For a pipe bomb, the US Department of
Homeland Security recommends a minimum of 21 m (69 ft), and an outdoors distance of
272:
As well as users such as criminals, paramilitaries, and militias, they also have a long tradition of recreational use for amusement or mischief with no intention to cause injury to anyone, but due to the dangers of premature ignition and of shrapnel, pipe bombs are much more dangerous than
178:
Pipe bombs can fail to explode if the gas pressure buildup is too slow, resulting in bleed-out through the detonator ignition hole. Insufficiently tight threading can also bleed gas pressure through the threads faster than the chemical reaction pressure can rise.
149:
Pipe bombs concentrate pressure and release it suddenly, through the failure of the outer casing. Plastic materials can be used, but metals typically have a much higher bursting strength and so will produce more concussive force. For example, common
652:
The details are factually incorrect, because by all accounts
Fielden ended his speech before the bomb was thrown, and because the riot did not begin until after the explosion. In depiction, the speech, the explosion, and the riot all take place at
154:
1-inch (25 mm) wrought steel pipe has a typical working pressure of 1,010 psi (7.0 MPa), and bursting pressure of 8,090 psi (55.8 MPa), though the pipe sealing method can significantly reduce the burst pressure.
712:
The
California Murder Case That Israel Is Sweeping Under the Rug : Justice: In 1985, Alex Odeh was killed by a pipe bomb in Orange County. The FBI has three suspects, but they are in Israel; extradition is
385:
had experimented with pipe bombs. During their testing and experimentation, Eric Harris had posted their results on his website. During the massacre, Harris and
Klebold had used their pipe bombs as makeshift
182:
They can also fail if the pipe is fully sealed and the chemical reaction triggered, but the total pressure buildup from the chemicals is insufficient to exceed the casing strength; such a bomb is a
768:
815:
673:
American State Trials: A Collection of the
Important and Interesting Criminal Trials which Have Taken Place in the United States from the Beginning of Our Government to the Present Day
743:
411:
73:
can be used to produce a relatively large explosion due to the containment causing increased pressure. The fragmentation of the pipe itself creates potentially lethal
166:
If the pressure rise is slow, the metal can deform until the walls become thin and a hole is formed, causing a loud report from the gas release, but no shrapnel.
141:
Sharp objects such as nails or broken glass are sometimes added to the outer shell or inside of the bomb to increase potential injury, damage, and death.
84:. The materials and methods used with pipe bombs often result in unintentional detonation, usually resulting in serious injury or death to the assembler.
760:
631:
473:
169:
A rapid rate of pressure rise will cause the metal to shatter into fragments, which are pushed outward in all directions by the expanding gases.
138:, and sparks generated when packing the material inside the tube or attaching the end caps, causing many injuries or deaths amongst builders.
790:
889:
589:
564:
519:"The bursting pressures are based on Barlow's formula. The working pressures are based on factor 8. Dimensions according ASME/ANSI B36.10/19"
501:
442:
127:
that they require are difficult for non-state users to obtain. Such explosives also do not require the containment design of a pipe bomb.
306:
in
Chicago, Illinois, United States. It reached a police line and exploded, killing policeman Mathias J. Degan. The bomb was made from
100:
186:, but still potentially dangerous if handled, since an external shock could trigger rupture of the statically pressurized casing.
610:
536:
359:
258:
378:
33:
449:
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894:
518:
468:
58:
246:
203:
Pipe bombs are by nature improvised weapons and typically used by those without access to military devices such as
74:
816:"FBI Director Christopher Wray's Remarks Regarding Arrest of Cesar Sayoc in Suspicious Package Investigation"
402:
351:
when he opened a package that contained a pipe bomb mailed by Walter Leroy Moody in
Mountain Brook, Alabama.
348:
297:. It inaccurately shows Fielden speaking, the pipe bomb exploding, and the rioting beginning simultaneously.
694:
639:
314:
337:
711:
371:
363:
841:
103:
Different pipe bombs' appearances, from a bomb awareness report issued by the US Department of State
250:
677:
130:
Instead, explosive mixtures that the builder can more readily obtain themselves are used, such as
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344:
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135:
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70:
66:
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The pipe can rupture in different ways, depending on the rate of pressure rise and the
289:
883:
455:
387:
278:
423:
415:
355:
274:
234:
227:
212:
45:
49:
A tripwire-triggered pipe bomb mock-up used to train US military service personnel
27:
Improvised explosive device consisting of explosive material within a sealed pipe
431:
151:
458:, AKA the Unabomber, used pipe bombs in most of his bombings from 1978 to 1996.
872:
761:"Package bomb suspect Cesar Sayoc had list of 100 names in van, official says"
333:
318:
134:, match heads, or chlorate mixtures. These can be easily ignited by friction,
853:
87:
In many countries, the manufacture or possession of a pipe bomb is a serious
494:
Honolulu CSI: An
Introduction to Forensic Science and Criminal Investigation
445:
398:
329:
265:
by feuding criminals, including drug dealers, mainly in the capital city of
254:
159:
131:
124:
401:, Sweden, killing himself with no other casualties in what is known as the
397:
detonated one out of six pipe bombs close to a major shopping district in
99:
17:
842:"An explosive device is found at the R.N.C., and the D.N.C. is evacuated"
80:
Premature detonation is a hazard of attempting to construct any homemade
840:
Benner, Katie; Haberman, Maggie; Schmidt, Michael S. (6 January 2021).
367:
322:
262:
226:, there have been hundreds of pipe bomb attacks since the mid-1990s as
204:
266:
437:
On 6 January 2021, a pipe bomb was found at the headquarters of the
448:. An unidentified object was also found at the headquarters of the
412:
sent to various liberal and political figures in the United States
288:
98:
88:
44:
745:
Sweden: Stockholm suicide bombings could have been 'catastrophic'
310:
filled with dynamite and capped at both ends with wooden blocks.
293:
This 1886 engraving was the most widely reproduced image of the
81:
390:, alongside various other bombs they had crudely manufactured.
183:
410:
In
October 2018, pipe bombs without triggering devices were
632:"Act II: Let Your Tragedy Be Enacted Here, Moment of Truth"
328:
In 1985, Palestinian
American anti-discrimination activist
230:
came to an end. Most of the attacks have been launched by
553:
Introduction by Campbell McCutcheon (30 September 2012).
69:. The containment provided by the pipe means that simple
414:. Recipients included political activist and investor
374:, United States. It killed two people and injured 111.
876:–Apparatus and method for disarming pipe bombs
670:
Lawson, John Davison; Robert Lorenzo Howard (1919).
638:. Chicago Historical Society. 2000. Archived from
261:. They are also used extensively in the south of
112:. All of the components are easily obtainable.
302:On 4 May 1886, a pipe bomb was thrown during a
607:"Violence - Chronology of 'Pipe-Bomb' Attacks"
8:
61:(IED) that uses a tightly sealed section of
559:. Amberley Publishing Limited. p. 77.
345:Federal Judge Robert Vance was assassinated
748:, London: The Telegraph, 12 December 2010
695:Evidence emerges in ‘85 Santa Ana slaying
517:Wrought Steel Pipe - Bursting Pressures.
32:For the professional wrestling term, see
682:a fuse with a cap is put into that hole.
665:
663:
661:
492:Dias, Gary A.; Dingeman, Robbie (2004).
582:Crimes of Loyalty: A History of the UDA
542:. The National Counterterrorism Center.
484:
474:TM 31-210 Improvised Munitions Handbook
249:. However, they have also been used by
791:"Investigation of Suspicious Packages"
759:Bojorquez, Manuel (October 29, 2018).
108:timer and battery, or can be a common
771:from the original on February 7, 2019
207:. They were successfully used in the
7:
123:are not used, because these and the
340:are suspected of being the bombers.
336:by a pipe-bomb. Activists from the
219:were trained to make and use them.
313:From August 1977 to November 1977
91:, regardless of its intended use.
25:
537:"Bomb Threat Stand-Off Distances"
253:paramilitaries and by anti-drugs
611:Conflict Archive on the Internet
820:Federal Bureau of Investigation
795:Federal Bureau of Investigation
360:Centennial Olympic Park bombing
259:Republican Action Against Drugs
441:, during the certification of
430:, and former attorney general
379:Columbine High School Massacre
377:During the preparation of the
325:injuring 5 but killing no one.
34:Shoot (professional wrestling)
1:
452:, resulting in an evacuation.
450:Democratic National Committee
439:Republican National Committee
383:Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold
317:planted several bombs across
890:Improvised explosive devices
676:. Thomas Law Books. p.
418:, former secretary of state
195:366 m (1,201 ft).
190:Minimum evacuation distances
469:Improvised explosive device
59:improvised explosive device
911:
523:www.engineeringtoolbox.com
496:. Bess Press. p. 87.
247:Ulster Defence Association
31:
732:. CNN.com. 19 April 2005.
730:"Rudolph reveals motives"
304:rally at Haymarket Square
701:, October 11, 2007, B-1.
358:used a pipe bomb in the
162:of the casing material.
636:The Dramas of Haymarket
403:2010 Stockholm bombings
349:Mountain Brook, Alabama
36:. For the website, see
556:Home Guard Manual 1941
426:, former CIA director
393:On 11 December 2010 a
343:On December 16, 1989,
315:Allan Steen Kristensen
298:
104:
50:
710:Friedman, Robert I.,
338:Jewish Defense League
292:
273:alternatives such as
102:
48:
580:Wood, Ian.S (2006).
364:1996 Summer Olympics
211:(1936–1939). During
422:, former President
895:Insurgency weapons
846:The New York Times
605:Gassman, Michele.
299:
239:Red Hand Defenders
217:British Home Guard
136:static electricity
105:
67:explosive material
51:
717:Los Angeles Times
699:Los Angeles Times
591:978-0-7486-2427-0
566:978-1-4456-1103-7
503:978-1-57306-228-2
354:On 27 July 1996,
285:Notable incidents
243:Orange Volunteers
237:, especially the
215:, members of the
209:Spanish Civil War
16:(Redirected from
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693:Greg Krikorian,
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642:on 15 March 2008
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251:Irish republican
224:Northern Ireland
174:Modes of failure
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584:. p. 248.
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443:President-elect
420:Hillary Clinton
347:in his home in
295:Haymarket riots
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117:high explosives
97:
65:filled with an
41:
38:Thepipebomb.com
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719:, May 13, 1990
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395:suicide bomber
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332:was killed in
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279:potato cannons
235:paramilitaries
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71:low explosives
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857:. Retrieved
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835:
823:. Retrieved
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798:. Retrieved
794:
785:
773:. Retrieved
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744:
738:
724:
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689:
681:
672:
651:
644:. Retrieved
640:the original
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626:
614:. Retrieved
600:
581:
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555:
548:
531:
522:
512:
493:
487:
428:John Brennan
424:Barack Obama
416:George Soros
356:Eric Rudolph
271:
228:the Troubles
221:
213:World War II
202:
193:
181:
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114:
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79:
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42:
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873:US5,386,758
775:February 5,
432:Eric Holder
362:during the
152:schedule 40
115:Generally,
884:Categories
825:26 October
800:26 October
646:19 January
480:References
334:California
319:Copenhagen
125:detonators
18:Pipe bombs
859:7 January
854:0362-4331
616:5 January
446:Joe Biden
399:Stockholm
330:Alex Odeh
255:vigilante
160:ductility
145:Operation
132:gunpowder
55:pipe bomb
769:Archived
765:CBS News
713:unlikely
463:See also
308:gas-pipe
232:loyalist
205:grenades
119:such as
75:shrapnel
372:Georgia
368:Atlanta
323:Denmark
263:Ireland
852:
588:
563:
500:
267:Dublin
257:group
95:Design
57:is an
653:once.
540:(PDF)
89:crime
861:2021
850:ISSN
827:2018
802:2018
777:2019
648:2008
618:2021
586:ISBN
561:ISBN
498:ISBN
245:and
199:Uses
110:fuse
82:bomb
63:pipe
366:in
277:or
222:In
184:dud
121:TNT
886::
848:.
844:.
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767:.
763:.
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678:64
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20:)
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