1023:
518:
579:
975:
648:
540:
474:
999:
845:
927:
670:
755:
602:
63:
951:
801:
731:
33:
496:
778:
709:
823:
625:
594:
Angola, Benin, Burundi, Cameroon, Congo, Dem. Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sudan and South Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, tropical Africa
1022:
416:
are solitary, having only one rhizome. Other species form colonies when their rhizomes branch, or when new rhizomes are formed from root tips. If the conditions are right, the spores will germinate naturally, on surrounding trees. A
911:
can also be vegetatively propagated by carefully dividing large healthy ones into smaller, separate plants. These new plants can then be attached to board mounts or be strapped to trees until they take to the tree themselves.
385:
species, the top margin of these fronds will grow into an open crown of lobes; catching rainwater, falling forest litter, bird/animal droppings, and even an occasional fallen deceased animal, these plants build up their own
747:
Angola, Benin, Cameroon, Central
African Republic, Congo, Dem. Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea (incl. Bioko), Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Liberia, Senegal, Sudan and South Sudan, Uganda, Principe, Sao Tomé, tropical Africa.
974:
926:
517:
998:
1382:
1564:
1408:
381:. Basal fronds are sterile, shield- or kidney-shaped, and laminate against the tree, to protect the fern's roots from damage and desiccation. In some
1330:
578:
1554:
1395:
1343:
1127:
Kreier, Hans-Peter; Schneider, Harald (2006). "Phylogeny and biogeography of the staghorn fern genus
Platycerium (Polypodiaceae, Polypodiidae)".
950:
1457:
1063:. Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Afd. Natuurkunde. Tweede reeks. Amsterdam; New York: North-Holland.
46:
1549:
1169:
Holtum, Joseph A.M.; Klaus Winter (1999-01-01). "Degrees of crassulacean acid metabolism in tropical epiphytic and lithophytic ferns".
473:
647:
1544:
1369:
539:
1539:
1068:
1400:
844:
555:
Indonesia
Sumatra, Kalimantan, West Java, Malaysia, Singapore, the Philippines, Thailand, Cambodia, Myanmar and Vietnam.
938:
443:
1252:
1034:
858:(Also referred to as a subspecies of Platycerium bifurcatum subsp. Willinckii (T. Moore) Hennipman & M. C. Roos ).
401:, clustered in large sori that are usually positioned on the tips of the lobes, on a specialized stalked lobe (as in
62:
1534:
1470:
1413:
693:
250:
676:
243:
1475:
669:
1029:
585:
208:
1317:
851:
164:
807:
654:
299:
285:
236:
1195:
981:
957:
874:
738:
546:
524:
264:
201:
194:
41:
715:
563:
502:
257:
215:
180:
1444:
1322:
829:
480:
394:
292:
187:
754:
1559:
1524:
1423:
1348:
1278:
1093:
933:
880:
784:
762:
278:
271:
1462:
663:
Malaysia, Northern
Peninsular, State of Perlis, Kedah, Perak and Kelantan, Thailand and Indochina.
489:
Madagascar, Comoros Island, Mauritius, RĂ©union, Seychelles, Kenya, Mozambique, Tanzania, Zimbabwe.
1529:
1496:
1304:
1109:
1005:
631:
618:
Philippines
Province of Mindanao and Indonesia, in the Province of North Sulawesi and Gorontalo.
609:
229:
222:
57:
1449:
377:(adult plants) have tufted roots, growing from a short rhizome, and bear two types of fronds -
1431:
1387:
1265:
1152:
1144:
1064:
900:
1233:
1436:
1178:
1136:
1101:
885:
800:
378:
1309:
702:
Madagascar only in
Ankarana, Bemaraha, Bemarivo, Montagne d’Ambre including Fôret d'Ambre.
893:
730:
601:
147:
1097:
352:
87:
32:
638:(Also referred to as a variety of Platycerium bifurcatum var. Hillii (T. Moore) Domin)
533:
Australia states of New South Wales, Queensland, Norfolk Island and Lord Howe Island.
495:
1518:
344:
320:
137:
127:
791:(Syn .: Platycerium bifurcatum subsp. Veitchii (Underw.) Hennipman & M. C. Roos)
777:
1501:
1270:
962:
708:
117:
1244:
1084:
Hoshizaki, Barbara Joe (1972). "Morphology and
Phylogeny of Platycerium Species".
1257:
1356:
1227:
1014:
822:
421:
397:
or antler-shaped, and jut out or hang from the rhizome. The spores are borne in
1218:
374:
360:
1148:
1291:
966:
942:
398:
356:
1488:
1156:
816:
Northeastern India, Thailand, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar and western Yunnan.
624:
1483:
1212:
1140:
1010:
990:
340:
336:
50:
685:
Madagascar in the provinces of
Antsiranana, Fianarantsoa and Toamasina.
1335:
1113:
1038:
889:
888:. These oddly shaped ferns grow on trees and rocks and can be found in
425:
387:
1361:
986:
904:
348:
1374:
1189:
1182:
1105:
1296:
439:
332:
74:
915:
A mature staghorn can grow more than 1 metre (3.3 ft) wide.
1283:
316:
107:
97:
1193:
724:
Malaysia, Southern
Thailand, Indonesia Sumatra and Kalimantan.
572:
Madagascar only in the provinces of
Antsiranana and Toamasina.
641:
Australia Queensland, Papua New Guinea and Papua Indonesia.
907:
produced on the underside of the fertile fronds. Colonial
1061:
A monograph of the fern genus Platycerium (Polypodiaceae)
393:
Fertile fronds bear spores on their undersurface, are
838:
Papua New Guinea, Indonesia Papua and Maluku Island.
1202:
434:have diverged into four natural groups. Several
442:conditions, with a naturally drought-tolerant
8:
1190:
457:
323:. Ferns in this genus are widely known as
31:
20:
409:), or at the sinus between frond lobes.
1051:
922:
390:” system of nutrition over many years.
1565:Taxa named by Nicaise Auguste Desvaux
47:Australian National Botanical Gardens
7:
1424:98bd93dc-86ad-4ad7-835c-302733111eb3
1476:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:17177370-1
14:
551:(J. Koenig ex O. F. MĂĽll.) Desv .
1021:
997:
973:
949:
925:
843:
821:
799:
776:
771:Queensland and New South Wales.
753:
729:
707:
668:
646:
623:
600:
577:
538:
516:
494:
472:
61:
319:species in the polypod family,
1555:Garden plants of South America
1:
331:due to their uniquely shaped
939:Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney
694:Platycerium quadridichotomum
511:Colombia, Bolivia and Peru.
251:Platycerium quadridichotomum
1035:Kaisaniemi Botanical Garden
884:are commonly cultivated as
677:Platycerium madagascariense
244:Platycerium madagascariense
1581:
1550:Garden plants of Australia
1129:American Journal of Botany
767:de Jonch. & Hennipman)
760:Magnificent antler fern (
659:de Jonch. & Hennipman
446:having been reported for
424:is a small, heart-shaped
176:
171:
58:Scientific classification
56:
39:
30:
23:
1171:Functional Plant Biology
1030:Platycerium elephantotis
586:Platycerium elephantotis
438:are strongly adapted to
379:basal and fertile fronds
209:Platycerium elephantotis
1545:Garden plants of Africa
343:and temperate areas of
315:is a genus of about 18
1059:Hennipman, E. (1982).
982:Platycerium coronarium
958:Platycerium bifurcatum
875:Platycerium bifurcatum
852:Platycerium willinckii
736:Triangle antler fern (
547:Platycerium coronarium
525:Platycerium bifurcatum
202:Platycerium coronarium
195:Platycerium bifurcatum
42:Platycerium bifurcatum
1540:Garden plants of Asia
1445:Paleobiology Database
808:Platycerium wallichii
655:Platycerium holttumii
481:Platycerium alcicorne
300:Platycerium willinkii
286:Platycerium wallichii
237:Platycerium holttumii
188:Platycerium alcicorne
1141:10.3732/ajb.93.2.217
934:Platycerium superbum
881:Platycerium superbum
785:Platycerium veitchii
763:Platycerium superbum
739:Platycerium stemaria
279:Platycerium veitchii
272:Platycerium superbum
265:Platycerium stemaria
1098:1972Biotr...4...93H
716:Platycerium ridleyi
607:Large antler fern (
564:Platycerium ellisii
503:Platycerium andinum
258:Platycerium ridleyi
216:Platycerium ellisii
181:Platycerium andinum
1006:Platycerium grande
861:Sulawesi and Java
830:Platycerium wandae
743:(P. Beauv.) Desv.)
632:Platycerium hillii
610:Platycerium grande
293:Platycerium wandae
230:Platycerium hillii
223:Platycerium grande
1535:Pantropical flora
1512:
1511:
1432:Open Tree of Life
1196:Taxon identifiers
899:Staghorns can be
886:ornamental plants
865:
864:
789:(Underw.) C. Chr.
444:metabolism method
339:and is native to
308:
307:
167:
1572:
1505:
1504:
1492:
1491:
1479:
1478:
1466:
1465:
1453:
1452:
1440:
1439:
1427:
1426:
1417:
1416:
1404:
1403:
1391:
1390:
1378:
1377:
1365:
1364:
1352:
1351:
1339:
1338:
1326:
1325:
1313:
1312:
1300:
1299:
1287:
1286:
1274:
1273:
1261:
1260:
1248:
1247:
1238:
1237:
1236:
1223:
1222:
1221:
1191:
1186:
1161:
1160:
1124:
1118:
1117:
1081:
1075:
1074:
1056:
1025:
1001:
977:
953:
929:
894:tropical gardens
857:
847:
835:
825:
813:
803:
790:
780:
768:
757:
744:
733:
721:
711:
699:
698:(Bonap.) Tardieu
682:
672:
660:
650:
637:
627:
615:
604:
591:
581:
569:
552:
542:
530:
520:
508:
498:
486:
476:
458:
448:P. veitchii
412:Some species of
335:. This genus is
163:
66:
65:
35:
21:
1580:
1579:
1575:
1574:
1573:
1571:
1570:
1569:
1515:
1514:
1513:
1508:
1500:
1495:
1487:
1482:
1474:
1469:
1461:
1456:
1448:
1443:
1435:
1430:
1422:
1420:
1412:
1407:
1399:
1394:
1386:
1381:
1373:
1368:
1360:
1355:
1347:
1342:
1334:
1329:
1321:
1316:
1308:
1303:
1295:
1290:
1282:
1277:
1269:
1264:
1256:
1251:
1243:
1241:
1232:
1231:
1226:
1217:
1216:
1211:
1198:
1183:10.1071/PP99001
1168:
1165:
1164:
1126:
1125:
1121:
1106:10.2307/2989731
1083:
1082:
1078:
1071:
1058:
1057:
1053:
1048:
1041:
1026:
1017:
1002:
993:
978:
969:
954:
945:
930:
921:
870:
855:
833:
811:
788:
766:
742:
719:
697:
680:
658:
635:
613:
589:
567:
550:
529:(Cav.) C. Chr .
528:
506:
484:
456:
369:
162:
148:Platycerioideae
60:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1578:
1576:
1568:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1517:
1516:
1510:
1509:
1507:
1506:
1502:wfo-4000030087
1493:
1480:
1467:
1454:
1441:
1428:
1418:
1405:
1392:
1379:
1366:
1353:
1340:
1327:
1314:
1301:
1288:
1275:
1262:
1249:
1239:
1224:
1208:
1206:
1200:
1199:
1194:
1188:
1187:
1177:(8): 749–757.
1163:
1162:
1135:(2): 217–225.
1119:
1076:
1069:
1050:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1043:
1042:
1027:
1020:
1018:
1003:
996:
994:
979:
972:
970:
955:
948:
946:
931:
924:
920:
917:
869:
866:
863:
862:
859:
848:
840:
839:
836:
826:
818:
817:
814:
804:
796:
795:
792:
781:
773:
772:
769:
758:
750:
749:
745:
734:
726:
725:
722:
712:
704:
703:
700:
690:
687:
686:
683:
673:
665:
664:
661:
651:
643:
642:
639:
628:
620:
619:
616:
605:
597:
596:
592:
582:
574:
573:
570:
560:
557:
556:
553:
543:
535:
534:
531:
521:
513:
512:
509:
499:
491:
490:
487:
477:
469:
468:
465:
462:
455:
452:
368:
365:
353:Southeast Asia
306:
305:
304:
303:
296:
289:
282:
275:
268:
261:
254:
247:
240:
233:
226:
219:
212:
205:
198:
191:
184:
174:
173:
169:
168:
155:
151:
150:
145:
141:
140:
135:
131:
130:
125:
121:
120:
115:
111:
110:
108:Polypodiopsida
105:
101:
100:
98:Polypodiophyta
95:
91:
90:
85:
78:
77:
72:
68:
67:
54:
53:
37:
36:
28:
27:
16:Genus of ferns
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1577:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1522:
1520:
1503:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1419:
1415:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1240:
1235:
1229:
1225:
1220:
1214:
1210:
1209:
1207:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1192:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1167:
1166:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1123:
1120:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1092:(2): 93–117.
1091:
1087:
1080:
1077:
1072:
1066:
1062:
1055:
1052:
1045:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1031:
1024:
1019:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1007:
1000:
995:
992:
988:
984:
983:
976:
971:
968:
964:
963:Mendut Temple
960:
959:
952:
947:
944:
940:
936:
935:
928:
923:
918:
916:
913:
910:
906:
902:
897:
895:
892:, especially
891:
887:
883:
882:
877:
876:
867:
860:
854:
853:
849:
846:
842:
841:
837:
832:
831:
827:
824:
820:
819:
815:
810:
809:
805:
802:
798:
797:
793:
787:
786:
782:
779:
775:
774:
770:
765:
764:
759:
756:
752:
751:
746:
741:
740:
735:
732:
728:
727:
723:
718:
717:
713:
710:
706:
705:
701:
696:
695:
691:
689:
688:
684:
679:
678:
674:
671:
667:
666:
662:
657:
656:
652:
649:
645:
644:
640:
634:
633:
629:
626:
622:
621:
617:
612:
611:
606:
603:
599:
598:
593:
588:
587:
583:
580:
576:
575:
571:
566:
565:
561:
559:
558:
554:
549:
548:
544:
541:
537:
536:
532:
527:
526:
522:
519:
515:
514:
510:
505:
504:
500:
497:
493:
492:
488:
483:
482:
478:
475:
471:
470:
467:Distribution
466:
463:
460:
459:
453:
451:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
427:
423:
420:
415:
410:
408:
407:P. coronarium
404:
400:
396:
391:
389:
384:
380:
376:
373:
366:
364:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
345:South America
342:
338:
334:
330:
329:elkhorn ferns
326:
322:
321:Polypodiaceae
318:
314:
313:
302:
301:
297:
295:
294:
290:
288:
287:
283:
281:
280:
276:
274:
273:
269:
267:
266:
262:
260:
259:
255:
253:
252:
248:
246:
245:
241:
239:
238:
234:
232:
231:
227:
225:
224:
220:
218:
217:
213:
211:
210:
206:
204:
203:
199:
197:
196:
192:
190:
189:
185:
183:
182:
178:
177:
175:
170:
166:
161:
160:
156:
153:
152:
149:
146:
143:
142:
139:
138:Polypodiaceae
136:
133:
132:
129:
128:Polypodiineae
126:
123:
122:
119:
116:
113:
112:
109:
106:
103:
102:
99:
96:
93:
92:
89:
88:Tracheophytes
86:
83:
80:
79:
76:
73:
70:
69:
64:
59:
55:
52:
48:
44:
43:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
19:
1203:
1174:
1170:
1132:
1128:
1122:
1089:
1085:
1079:
1060:
1054:
1028:
1004:
980:
956:
932:
914:
908:
898:
879:
873:
872:The species
871:
850:
828:
806:
794:Queensland.
783:
761:
737:
714:
692:
675:
653:
630:
614:(FĂ©e) Kunze)
608:
584:
562:
545:
523:
501:
479:
447:
435:
431:
430:
418:
413:
411:
406:
402:
392:
382:
371:
370:
328:
324:
311:
310:
309:
298:
291:
284:
277:
270:
263:
256:
249:
242:
235:
228:
221:
214:
207:
200:
193:
186:
179:
158:
157:
118:Polypodiales
81:
40:
24:
18:
1560:Fern genera
1525:Platycerium
1357:iNaturalist
1310:Platycerium
1234:Platycerium
1228:Wikispecies
1204:Platycerium
1015:Philippines
909:Platycerium
868:Cultivation
436:Platycerium
432:Platycerium
422:gametophyte
419:Platycerium
414:Platycerium
395:dichotomous
383:Platycerium
375:sporophytes
372:Platycerium
367:Description
312:Platycerium
159:Platycerium
144:Subfamily:
25:Platycerium
1519:Categories
1375:17177370-1
1086:Biotropica
1070:0444855696
1046:References
901:propagated
403:P. ridleyi
361:New Guinea
124:Suborder:
94:Division:
1530:Epiphytes
1149:0002-9122
967:Indonesia
961:from the
943:Australia
590:Schweinf.
399:sporangia
357:Australia
337:epiphytic
71:Kingdom:
45:from the
1489:40010500
1484:Tropicos
1219:Q1332675
1213:Wikidata
1157:21646182
1011:Bukidnon
991:Malaysia
856:T. Moore
636:T. Moore
341:tropical
325:staghorn
172:Species
134:Family:
51:Canberra
1463:PLATY15
1388:1309321
1336:7126742
1284:6117143
1114:2989731
1094:Bibcode
1039:Finland
937:at the
919:Gallery
890:gardens
834:Racib .
454:Species
426:thallus
388:compost
154:Genus:
114:Order:
104:Class:
75:Plantae
1458:PLANTS
1450:319936
1437:740288
1421:NZOR:
1401:897647
1362:122318
1323:125771
1245:201412
1242:APDB:
1155:
1147:
1112:
1067:
987:Pahang
905:spores
812:Hook .
720:Christ
485:Desv .
359:, and
349:Africa
333:fronds
1414:61309
1383:IRMNG
1305:FoAO2
1297:1PCIG
1271:B8Z64
1258:79265
1110:JSTOR
1009:from
985:from
681:Baker
568:Baker
507:Baker
461:Image
440:xeric
165:Desv.
82:Clade
1471:POWO
1409:NCBI
1396:ITIS
1370:IPNI
1349:9508
1344:GRIN
1331:GBIF
1292:EPPO
1253:APNI
1153:PMID
1145:ISSN
1065:ISBN
878:and
464:Name
405:and
317:fern
1497:WFO
1318:FoC
1279:EoL
1266:CoL
1179:doi
1137:doi
1102:doi
1033:at
903:by
327:or
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347:,
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386:“
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