Platformer - Knowledge (XXG)

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techniques to animate their characters based on video footage of live actors performing the same stunts. Jumping abilities are typically roughly within the confines of an athletic human's capacity. To expand vertical exploration, many cinematic platformers feature the ability to grab onto ledges, or

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is also highly influential. These games are characterized by single screen, non-scrolling levels and often contain cooperative two-player action. A level is cleared when all enemies on the screen have been defeated, and vanquished foes usually drop score bonuses in the form of fruit or other items.

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In the 1990s, platforming games started to shift from pseudo-3D to "true 3D," which gave the player more control over the character and the camera. To render a 3D environment from any angle the user chose, the graphics hardware had to be sufficiently powerful, and the art and rendering model of the

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for mobile phones in Korea. The game's designer Sin Bong-gu, stated that he wanted to create a game that was only possible on mobile phones, therefore he made the player character walk up walls and ceilings, requiring players to turn around their mobile phones while playing. To compensate for this

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or triple-jump high into the air as the camera panned down to help players line up their landings. In addition to shooting, jumping on enemies was a primary way to attack. This was the first true 3D platform-action game with free-roaming environments, but it was never ported to another platform or

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A platformer requires the player to maneuver their character across platforms to reach a goal while confronting enemies and avoiding obstacles along the way. These games are either presented from the side view, using two-dimensional movement, or in 3D with the camera placed either behind the main

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Auto-runner games are platformers where the player-character is nearly always moving in one constant direction through the level, with less focus on tricky jumping but more on quick reflexes as obstacles appear on screen. The subcategory of endless runner games have levels that effectively go on

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During their peak of popularity, platformers were estimated to comprise between a quarter and a third of all console games. By 2006, the genre had experienced a decline in sales, representing a 2% market share as compared to 15% in 1998. In spite of this, platformers are still being commercially

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allowing players to rush through its levels with well-placed jumps and rolls. Sega characterized Sonic as a teenager with a rebellious personality to appeal to gamers who saw the previous generation of consoles as being for kids. The character's speed showed off the hardware capabilities of the

207:, the trajectory of a jump is fixed, while in others it can be altered mid-air. Falling may cause damage or death. Many platformers contain environmental obstacles which kill the player's character upon contact, such as lava pits or bottomless chasms. The player may be able to collect items and 2155:

The platformer remained a vital genre, but it never regained its old popularity. Part of the reason for the platformer's decline in the 2000s was a lack of innovation compared to other genres. Platformers were either aimed at younger players or designed to avoid the platform label. In 1998,

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Cinematic platformers are a small but distinct subgenre, usually distinguished by their relative realism. These games focus on fluid, lifelike movements, without the unnatural physics found in nearly all other platformers. To achieve this realism, many cinematic platformers, beginning with

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game that was released in 1995, offered a more conservative approach to true 3D platforming. It allowed players to move in all directions, but it did not allow movement along more than one axis at once; the player could move orthogonally but not diagonally. Its characters were

1725: 1758:, the levels were open and had objectives. Completing objectives earned the player stars, and stars were used to unlock more levels. This approach allowed for more efficient use of large 3D areas and rewarded the player for exploration, but it meant less jumping and more 1693:, released in April 1995, kept the gameplay from its precursor but traded the frog-like mech for a cartoony rabbit mech called Robbit. The title was successful enough to get two sequels and is remembered for being the first 3D platformer on a console. Rob Fahey of 2693: 1291:

The difficulties of adapting platformer gameplay to three dimensions led some developers to compromise by pairing the visual flash of 3D with traditional 2D side scrolling gameplay. These games are often referred to as 2.5D. The first such game was the

412: 3251:. These games were generally heavily focused on exploring indoor environments, usually a series of small rooms connected by doors, and have distinct adventure and puzzle elements. Japanese developers blended this gameplay style with that of Japanese 1549: 280:(UK). Bloom defined "climbing games" as titles where the player "must climb from the bottom of the screen to the top while avoiding and/or destroying the obstacles and foes you invariably meet along the way." Under this definition, he listed 2701: 2677:

This list some definable platformers in the following types, but there are also many vaguely defined subgenres games that have not been listed. These game categories are the prototypes genre that recognized by different platform styles.

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offered a glimpse of what was to come, with uneven, suspended platforms, levels that scroll horizontally (and in one section, vertically), and differently themed sections, such as a city, the interior of a large pyramid, and underwater.

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was an early forward-scrolling pseudo-3D third-person platform-action game where players were free to move in any forward-scrolling direction and could leap over obstacles and chasms. It was notable for being one of the first

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As these games tend to feature vulnerable characters who may die as the result of a single enemy attack or by falling a relatively short distance, they almost never have limited lives or continues. Challenge is derived from

1606:, it was the first attempt to bring a popular 2D platformer series into 3D. While it retained the puzzle-oriented level design style and step-based control, it did not meet the criteria of a platformer, and was billed as an 600: 2973:, platforming, as well as exploring and back-tracking, figures prominently. Run-and-gun games are generally pure, and while they may have vehicular sequences or other shifts in style, they have shooting throughout. 1021:

launched, platformers were the most popular genre in console gaming. There was a particular emphasis on having a flagship platform title exclusive to a system, featuring a mascot character. In 1989, Sega released

6384: 1743:, which is a game that set the standard for 3D platformers. It let the player explore 3D environments with greater freedom than was found in any previous game in the genre. With this in mind, Nintendo put an 1815:

used intelligent cameras that followed the player's movements. Still, when the view was obstructed or not facing what the player needed to see, these intelligent cameras needed to be adjusted by the player.

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spawned other games with a mix of running, jumping, and vertical traversal, a novel genre that did not match the style of games that came before it, leaving journalists and writers to offer their own terms.

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complication, he limited the game's controls to a single button and let the character run automatically and indefinitely, "like the people in modern society, who must always look forward and keep running".

753:. Its success as a pack-in led many companies to see platformers as vital to their success, and contributed greatly to popularizing the genre during the third and fourth generations of video game consoles. 2590: 1646:

game had to be viewable from every angle. The improvement in graphics technology allowed publishers to make such games but introduced several new issues. For example, if the player could control the

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In order to make this free-roaming model work, developers had to program dynamic, intelligent cameras. A free camera made it harder for players to judge the height and distance of platforms, making

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in 1990, which became the first MS-DOS platformer with smooth scrolling graphics. Keen's success resulted in numerous console-styled platformers for MS-DOS compatible operating systems, including

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The genre originated in the early 1980s. Levels in early platform games were confined to a single-screen, generally viewed in profile, and based on climbing between platforms rather than jumping.

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encounters, where the character has to defeat a particularly dangerous enemy to progress. Simple logical puzzles to resolve and skill trials to overcome are other common elements in the genre.

6980: 4039: 3620:. Auto-runner games have found success on mobile platforms, because they are well-suited to the small set of controls these games require, often limited to a single screen tap for jumping. 2239:, which coupled platformer gameplay with a first-person perspective, although they did not market the game as a platformer because of the association of the label with games made for kids. 2744:

allowed players to run and jump in typical platform fashion, but they could also destroy blocks, and were tasked with guiding an egg to the bottom of the level without letting it break.

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for PlayStation 4 sold over 2.5 million copies in three months, despite some critics noting it was harder than the original games. The next few years saw more remakes of 3D platformers:

5136: 2752:(1993) was a popular game in this genre. It has three characters players can switch between, each with different abilities. All three characters are needed to complete the level goals. 155:(1985) was a defining game for the nascent genre, with horizontally scrolling levels and the player controlling a named character—Mario, which became a mascot of the company. The term 3398:

Typically these elements include the ability to explore an area freely, with access to new areas granted by either gaining new abilities or using inventory items. Many 2D games in the

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moved the Wario series into the puzzle-platform genre by eliminating the element of death and adding temporary injuries, such as being squashed or lit on fire, and specialized powers.

2908:, with less tricky platforming and more shooting. These games are sometimes called platform shooters. The genre has arcade roots, so these games are generally linear and difficult. 94:

maneuvers may factor into the gameplay, such as swinging from vines or grappling hooks, jumping off walls, gliding through the air, or bouncing from springboards or trampolines.

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in 1985, became the archetype for the genre. It was bundled with Nintendo systems in North America, Japan, and Europe, and sold over 40 million copies, according to the 1999

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was perhaps "one of the most important ancestors of every 3D platformer in the following decade." It holds the record of "First platform videogame in true 3D" according to

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usually refers to games with gameplay in three dimensions and polygonal 3D graphics. Games that have 3D gameplay but 2D graphics are usually included under the umbrella of

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Before consoles were able to display true polygonal 3D graphics, the ¾ isometric perspective was used to move some popular 2D platformers into three-dimensional gameplay.

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The most common movement options in the genre are walking, running, jumping, attacking, and climbing. Jumping is central to the genre, though there are exceptions such as

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improved upon its design, featuring some 3D effects such as hopping between the foreground and background, and the camera panning and curving around corners. Meanwhile,

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became a critical darling based on its imaginative levels and colorful characters, and several franchises that debuted during the sixth generation of consoles such as

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Several developers who found success with 3D platformers began experimenting with titles that, despite their cartoon art style, were aimed at adults. Examples include

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were popular endless running games. The latter became the world's fastest-spreading mobile game in January 2013, with 50 million installations within thirteen days.

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in the late 2000s and the 2010s helped grow the platform-game market. Indie platformers had a stronger focus on story and innovation. In 2009, independent developer

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and released in July 1981, was the first game to allow players to jump over obstacles and gaps. It is widely considered to be the first platformer. It introduced

1581:. The game played very similarly to 2D platformers, but it was considered a true 3D title, and let players walk up walls and on ceilings. It has a sequel called 5165: 6705: 6047: 4172: 477:, and also a handheld version from Coleco in 1982. The game helped cement Nintendo's position as an important name in the video game industry internationally. 2302: 1214: 7249: 6672: 6122: 5339: 5230: 3808: 6374: 5894: 5751: 3148:

CAGs are almost exclusively developed in Japan and are either arcade games, or sequels to arcade games, though they are also a common genre among amateur

656:, a side-scrolling action game some platform elements: jumping between vines, jumping or running beneath bouncing boulders. It was quickly re-released as 7646: 2442:

is especially notable because unlike most 2D platformers in the twenty-first century, it came out for a non-portable console and was not restricted to a

1106:'s perceived rebellious attitude became a model for game mascots. Other companies attempted to duplicate Sega's success with their own brightly colored 1095:

showcased a new style of design made possible by a new generation of hardware: large stages that scrolled in all directions, curved hills, loops, and a

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between points in an environment. Platform games are characterized by levels with uneven terrain and suspended platforms of varying height that require

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In the seventh generation of consoles, despite the genre having a smaller presence in the gaming market, some platformers found success. In late 2007,

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platformers had a 15% share of the market, and an even higher share in their prime. Four years later that figure had dropped to 2%. Even the acclaimed

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A second generation of platformers for computers appeared alongside the new wave of consoles. In the latter half of the 1980s and early 1990s, the

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level progression where the player is able to choose the order in which they complete levels. This was a stark contrast to both linear games like

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which uses compact level design and camera rotation in order to reach the goal and find secrets and collectibles. Despite lacking jump ability,

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magazine, among others, referred to the genre as "Donkey Kong-type" or "Kong-style" games. "Climbing games" was used in Steve Bloom's 1982 book

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pioneered many of the defining elements of cinematic platformers and is an important precursor to this genre. Other games in the genre include

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includes a scrolling platform level where the character runs and leaps along the top of a moving train. The character is little more than a

2422: 1198:. These fueled a brief burst of episodic platformers where the first was freely distributed and parts 2 and 3 were available for purchase. 1083: 908:

that scrolled in all directions and allowed the player character to make huge multistory jumps to navigate the vertically oriented levels.

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Conference Proceedings: Conference, March 15–19 : Expo, March 16–18, San Jose, CA : the Game Development Platform for Real Life

882:, which was critically acclaimed for a balance between open-ended and guided exploration. Another platform-adventure released that year, 7289: 6288: 1074: 581: 243:

originally called it a "running/jumping/climbing game" while developing it. Miyamoto commonly used the term "athletic game" to refer to

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platformer that mixed traditional elements with modern physics puzzles. The game sold more than 1.1 million copies, and a sequel,

6833: 6323: 4880: 4745: 4011: 3847: 3678:(2009) as "the title that single-handedly invented the smartphone-friendly single-button running genre" and spawned a wave of clones. 3417: 3011: 2990: 2782: 2714:

Puzzle-platformers are characterized by their use of a platformer structure to drive a game whose challenge is derived primarily from

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The year 2017 saw the release of several 3D platformers, leading the media to speculate about a revival of the genre. These included

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became a common term for the genre by 1989, popularized by its usage in the United Kingdom press. Examples include referring to the "

8533: 7562: 5864: 5274: 4829: 4309: 4225: 3957: 3193: 3183: 3023: 1596: 1024: 525:, with 256 horizontally connected screens, became one of the best-selling games on the system and was a breakthrough for the genre. 6218: 4905: 6859: 1392:

The first platformers to simulate a 3D perspective and moving camera emerged in the early-mid-1980s. An early example of this was

6902: 6014: 5961: 5776: 5572: 3514: 3257: 2306: 180:. Typical platforming gameplay tends to be very dynamic and challenges a player's reflexes, timing, and dexterity with controls. 5993: 5422: 4851: 1610:. It used true 3D characters and set pieces, but its environments were rendered using a rigid engine similar to the one used by 800:, with skateboarding segments that gave the game a greater sense of speed than other platformers at the time, while its sequel, 8665: 8263: 8188: 7908: 2578: 2458: 2394: 2370: 2000: 1152: 1040: 775:. It has horizontal and vertical scrolling levels, the ability to punch enemies and obstacles, and shops for the player to buy 486: 6521: 6022: 5718: 7639: 6880: 6180: 4520: 4295: 3410:

franchises are among the most popular games of this sort, and so games that take this type of approach are often labeled as "

3045: 2982: 2843: 1103: 750: 225:, where the main character is always moving forward and the player must dodge or jump to avoid falling or hitting obstacles. 6947: 6410: 2645: 6352: 6094: 5448: 5199: 5021: 4381: 843:

One of the first platformers to scroll in all four directions freely and follow the on-screen character's movement is in a

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characters rendered in 3D, but retained 2D gameplay and used pre-rendered 2D sprites for regular characters, similar to

1172: 7433: 6739: 6160: 5824: 5667: 5520: 4972: 4415: 3330: 5643: 3028: 2452: 1930: 1455: 1190: 309:, the reviewer used a different term: "I'm going to call this a ladder game, as in the 'ladder genre,' which includes 6043: 5308: 5169: 4212:

Kohler, Chris (2016). "Chapter 3: The Play Control of Power Fantasies: Nintendo, Super Mario, and Shigeru Miyamoto".

1616:, in that it could only render square, flat corridors, rather than suspended platforms that could be jumped between. 1347: 1184: 1044:, which is a game that also included an AI partner: a dog who followed the player around and aid in battle. In 1990, 7860: 6698: 3239:, helped to establish the conventions of early isometric platformers. This formula was repeated in later games like 8731: 8485: 8285: 8125: 8050: 3039: 2943: 1772: 1672: 1637:. Due in part to conflicts with Sega Enterprises in Japan and a rushed schedule, the game never made it to market. 1602: 1403: 1206:

The abundance of platformers for 16-bit consoles continued late into the generation, with successful games such as

975: 802: 771: 6572: 6204: 4060: 3973: 2101:, a series that became less about traditional platforming with each sequel. A hybrid platformer/shooter game from 1751:

but which has since become standard. The analog stick provided the fine precision needed with a free perspective.

8655: 8561: 8500: 7666: 7632: 7259: 6661: 5505: 5329: 5222: 5095: 4330: 3798: 3653: 3624: 2810: 2438: 2038: 1064:, a late platformer for the Famicom allowed players to build a character from a toy box filled with spare parts. 914: 687:(1983) put a recognizable character from American comic strips into side-scrolling, jumping gameplay similar to 683: 628: 594: 515:

Beginning in 1982, transitional games emerged with non-scrolling levels spanning multiple screens. David Crane's

453: 417: 351: 235: 105: 5886: 1713:, developed by a Japanese company called Xing and released for PlayStation in early 1996, before the release of 724:

described the game as "the pioneer of action games with horizontally running background." According to Iwatani,

445:, in which the player character scales vertically scrolling skyscrapers. The unreleased 1979 Intellivision game 8545: 8115: 8006: 7988: 7841: 7148: 6907: 5743: 4249: 3978: 3581: 3572: 3439: 3393: 2788: 2611: 2599: 2443: 2358: 2134: 2014: 1857: 1620: 1319: 1280: 811: 402: 262: 5111: 6068: 4241: 3891:

Yamashita, Akira (8 January 1989). "Shigeru Miyamoto Interview: The Culmination of The Athletic Game Genre".

8480: 8170: 7998: 3752: 2831: 2584: 2572: 2478:. Nintendo also experimented with 3D platformers that had gameplay elements from 2D platformers, leading to 2470: 2464: 2119: 1988: 1914: 1490: 1444: 1035: 786: 712:

is a bidirectional, horizontally-scrolling, arcade video game with walking, running, jumping, springboards,

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franchise into the third dimension, but future sequels to this game did not opt for the 3D platform genre.

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This estimate is based on the number of platform games released on specific systems. For example, on the

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is a 2017 platform-adventure game where the player explores the world while avoiding dangerous creatures.

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Another term used in the late 1980s to 1990s was "character action games", in reference to games such as

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Games in the genre are most commonly called "comical action games" (CAGs) in Japan. The original arcade

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Most games of this genre consist of multiple levels of increasing difficulty that may be interleaved by

121: 8444: 7183: 7012: 4934: 4192: 3365: 2556: 632:. Players control a bouncing car that jumps on various platforms such as buildings, clouds, and hills. 233:

Various names were used in the years following the release of the first established game in the genre,

145:(1982), allows moving left and right through series of non-scrolling screens, expanding the play area. 7613: 7466: 6807: 6782: 4676: 1766:

offered more traditional platforming. Until then there was no settled way to make 3D platformers, but

1333:. In a break from the past, the Nintendo 64 had the fewest side scrolling platformers with only four; 473:

was ported to many consoles and computers at the time, notably as the system-selling pack-in game for

8726: 8538: 8429: 8273: 8069: 7763: 7721: 6499: 5916: 5389: 4271: 3779:, 113 of the 347 games (32.5 percent) listed on vgmuseum.com are platform games, and 264 of the 1044 3684:(2011), a one-button endless runner viewed from the first person, that was described as a "hybrid of 3593: 3493: 3275: 3189: 3111: 2925: 2629: 2486: 2333: 2226: 2075:

s popularity continued, though the franchise's third game was not as well received as the first two.

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partners, such as a droid, tiger, and hawk, to help fight enemies. Another Sega release in 1989 was

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In most 2D platformers, the player finished a level by following a path to a certain point, but in

1398: 1238: 1224:(1995), but the release of new hardware caused players' attention to move away from 2D genres. The 1050: 703: 189: 31: 5800: 5360: 4524: 1143:, originally a late release for the 8-bit Apple II in 1989, featured a high quality of animation. 8696: 8638: 8300: 8268: 8143: 8120: 7976: 7946: 7781: 7751: 7279:

Parish, Jeremy. "Metroidvania Chronicles IV: The Goonies II". Telebunny. Retrieved July 11, 2016.

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further pushed the genre away from such gameplay, as did Universal Interactive Studios' rebooted

1542: 1465: 1314: 1306: 1157: 940: 571: 557: 340: 301: 6123:"Blast from the past: How this generation enabled platformers to crash back into the mainstream" 6095:""We might have overachieved, to be honest": The making of Jak and Daxter: The Precursor Legacy" 4107:. Vol. 2, no. 1. United States: Carnegie Publications. September 1983. pp. 49–51. 3188:

Isometric platformers present a three-dimensional environment using two-dimensional graphics in

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perspective while having to jump over pits and obstacles. Originally released in 1983 for the

1220: 1069: 741: 458: 435:, is sometimes credited as the first platformer. Another precursor to the genre from 1980 was 249: 215: 151: 55: 7297: 5499: 5089: 4629: 4324: 4119: 3007:

problem solving, forcing the player to find the right way to overcome a particular obstacle.

2740:) are perhaps the first examples, though the genre is diverse, and classifications can vary. 8691: 8602: 8389: 8384: 8379: 8362: 8357: 8312: 8153: 7918: 7819: 7758: 7698: 7655: 6312: 4901: 4549: 3702: 3693: 3069: 3063: 2801: 2748: 2706: 2623: 2235: 2062: 1919: 1577: 1448: 1335: 1301: 1107: 995: 990: 725: 536: 272: 240: 109:, released in 1981, established a template for what were initially called "climbing games". 79: 6435: 4872: 4003: 2030:

were attempts to modernise classic video games of the 1980s using the 3D platformer genre,

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computer, it was subsequently ported to various platforms the following year, including an

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as the basis for the non-linear mission structure found in most open-world, multi-mission,

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The first platformer to use scrolling graphics came years before the genre became popular.

8660: 8350: 8205: 7826: 7786: 7232: 7212: 6187: 5923: 5807: 5008: 4855: 4833: 3492:, side-scrolling, 2D platform-adventures in the vein of "Metroidvania" include Nintendo's 3457: 3339: 3004: 2937: 2848: 2815: 2285:(2014) is a more traditional, retro-style platformer: it draws heavy influence from early 2259: 2241: 2230: 2221: 2102: 1949: 1886: 1842: 1807:

used scripted cameras that limited player control. Games with more open environments like

1709: 1629:, was to have featured a radically different approach for the series, with an exaggerated 1495: 1460: 1353: 1195: 1110:

with attitude. These often were characterized by impatience, sarcasm, and frequent quips.

854: 853:, which comprises a number of mini-games, including a simple platformer. One of the first 576: 502: 221:

A modern variant of the platform game, especially significant on mobile platforms, is the

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to withdraw from high-budget console games, though its sales in Europe were respectable.

1667:, which was a 3D first-person shooter game with platforming. Players piloted a frog-like 3317: 1733:(1996) replaced the linear obstacle courses of traditional platformers with vast worlds. 8305: 8011: 7895: 7807: 7802: 7693: 7438: 7122: 4177: 3869: 3610: 3520: 3508: 3475: 3300: 3280: 3269: 2894: 2825:, are first-person games that use portals to solve puzzles in 3D. Since the release of 2795:

Through independent game development, this genre has experienced a revival since 2014.

2406: 2376: 2364: 2281: 2143: 2113: 1909: 1882: 1847: 1792: 1784: 1739: 1729: 1689: 1647: 1612: 1162: 994:, and the genre continued to maintain its popularity, with many games released for the 970: 859: 378: 360: 222: 5965: 5772: 2865: 8720: 8449: 8290: 8231: 8082: 8023: 7814: 7773: 7716: 5989: 5917:

Floating Runner: Quest for the 7 Crystals (フローティングランナー 7つの水晶の物語) - PlayStation (1996)

5564: 5418: 3776: 3544: 3534: 3429: 3143: 2829:, there have been more puzzle-platformers which use a first-person camera, including 2655: 2650: 2554:, became one of the best-selling and best-reviewed games in the franchise's history. 2532: 2417: 2269: 2148: 1744: 1663: 1480: 1469: 1178: 1067:

In 1990, the Super Famicom was released in Japan, along with the eagerly anticipated

1018: 909: 888: 872: 766: 552: 547: 508: 441: 7149:"Ori and the Will of the Wisps is "Three Times the Scope and Scale" of Blind Forest" 2123:. Ironically, Microsoft later found more success with their 2003 take on the genre, 411: 8686: 8648: 8490: 8340: 8258: 7923: 7885: 7846: 7746: 7726: 7708: 7618: 6525: 6279: 5936: 5722: 5593: 5393: 5364: 5223:"A Detailed Cross-Examination of Yesterday and Today's Best-Selling Platform Games" 3799:"A Detailed Cross-Examination of Yesterday and Today's Best-Selling Platform Games" 3780: 3719: 3576: 3554: 3549: 3411: 3360: 3263: 3156: 3081: 2769: 2763: 2757: 2562: 2537: 2526: 2427: 2398:, released in 2008, was a 2D platformer with a rich visual style. Later games like 2382: 2264: 2247: 2216: 2212: 2174: 2125: 1630: 1625: 1572: 1548: 1476: 1436: 1419: 1296: 1096: 1088: 1034:

in arcades, which scrolled in multiple directions and allowed the player to summon

1014: 721: 696: 674: 669: 619: 532: 474: 115: 38: 3997: 5191: 4149: 3273:. This influence later traveled to Europe with Adeline Software's sprawling epic 2245:

featured stages with both 2D and 3D platformer gameplay, a formula used later in

1100:

Genesis, which had a CPU clock speed approximately double that of the Super NES.

276:(US)—which ran a cover feature called "The Player's Guide to Climbing Games"—and 8597: 8571: 8394: 8367: 8345: 8148: 8097: 7741: 7676: 7604: 6763: 4954: 4804: 4217: 3635: 3539: 3469: 3406: 3247: 3229: 3216: 3211: 3137: 3057: 2995: 2875: 2837: 2541: 2498: 2295:

The popularity of 2D platformers rose in the 2010s. Nintendo revived the genre.

2158: 2088: 2032: 1862: 1852: 1820: 1803: 1567: 1521: 1507: 1440: 1411: 1293: 1250: 1233: 1225: 1167: 1045: 981: 883: 849: 844: 830: 652: 642: 541: 492: 427: 421:(1981) level demonstrates jumping between platforms, the genre's defining trait. 406: 372: 311: 282: 131: 99: 75: 7205: 6835:

The NES Encyclopedia: Every Game Released for the Nintendo Entertainment System

6453: 5050:"Playing With Power: Great Ideas That Have Changed Gaming Forever from 1UP.com" 2911:

There are games which have a lot of shooting but do not fall in this subgenre.

2653:-exclusive games made by Insomniac. On August 25, 2021, the Kickstarter-funded 2012:-influenced platformer, Argonaut Software returned with a new platformer named 892:, was critically panned for its vagueness and weak game design. That same year 857:-based platformers to scroll fluidly in all directions in this manner is 1985's 8643: 8619: 8566: 8454: 8158: 8077: 7363: 7225: 6244: 6209: 6127: 5252: 5025: 4496: 4436: 4385: 3713: 3489: 3463: 3370: 3235: 3221: 3162: 3149: 2900: 2502: 2327: 2050: 1763: 1530: 1244: 952: 781: 522: 500:. It laid the groundwork for other two-player cooperative platformers such as 436: 199: 91: 4740:(1 ed.). CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. pp. 207–208. 4214:

Power-Up: How Japanese Video Games Gave the World an Extra Life, 2016 Edition

1861:, one of the few 3D games to stick with linear levels. Moreover, many of the 17: 8417: 8335: 8038: 8016: 7599: 7390: 7039: 6975: 6150: 5834: 5747: 5677: 5597: 5552: 5530: 5334: 4651: 4411: 4281: 3949: 3839: 3803: 3294: 3099: 2931: 2726: 2661: 2183:(2009) mixed traditional platform elements with more modern physics puzzles. 2139: 2005: 1954: 1694: 1357:—and most met with a tepid response from critics at the time. Despite this, 1208: 1147: 1002: 960: 923: 761: 623: 194: 5653: 1137:

showed that computer platformers could rival their console contemporaries.

6861:

Electronic Games - Volume 01 Number 11 (1983-01)(Reese Communications)(US)

6375:"'Crash Bandicoot N Sane Trilogy' Has Sold Over 2.5 Million Copies On PS4" 5304: 1747:

on its Nintendo 64 controller, a feature that had not been seen since the

1383:, while those that have 3D graphics but gameplay on a 2D plane are called 699:

and Atari 8-bit computers added uneven terrain to a scrolling platformer.

8681: 8633: 8579: 8505: 8495: 8374: 8087: 7254: 6971:"Koji Igarashi says Castlevania: SotN was inspired by Zelda, not Metroid" 6319: 6155: 5612: 3680: 3674: 3587: 3529: 3051: 2949: 2870: 2567: 2301:

was released in 2006 and sold 30 million copies worldwide, making it the

2204: 1970: 1583: 1534: 1274: 1133: 1122: 998: 988:

Scrolling platformers went portable in the late 1980s with games such as

776: 713: 708: 614: 604: 517: 462: 208: 184: 146: 141: 87: 49: 3946:

I Am Error: The Nintendo Family Computer / Entertainment System Platform

1502: 167:

released every year, including some which have sold millions of copies.

44: 7981: 7358: 7235: 7178: 7007: 6699:"DIFFERENCES IN DESIGN: VIDEO GAME DESIGN IN PRE AND POST 9/11 AMERICA" 6151:"Bitter medicine: What does the game industry have against innovation?" 5829: 4197: 3914: 3400: 2955: 2919: 2792:, the first handheld title in its series, is also a puzzle-platformer. 2737: 2597:

In the ninth generation of consoles, the platformer remains important.

2517: 2356:, there was a spate of 2D platformers. These ranged from revivals like 2203:

was awarded the Best Game of 2007 by high-profile gaming websites like

1896: 1878: 1748: 1516: 1060: 878: 836: 717: 646:

combines jumping over obstacles and shooting attackers. A month later,

292: 83: 3753:"What is a Platform Game? | 10 Design Types & Video Game Examples" 2710:

is a 2012 puzzle-platformer based around mechanics of screen rotation.

2225:

paired traditional 2D-platformer gameplay with physics simulation and

1676:

released outside Japan, so it remains relatively unknown in the West.

1028:, which was only modestly successful. That same year, Capcom released 211:

and give the main character new abilities for overcoming adversities.

7608: 7467:"[Geim Keurieiteo] Geimbil 'Nom' gihoek Sin Bong-gu siljang" 6761:

Bevan, Mike (December 2013). "The History of... Impossible Mission".

6379: 4973:"Gamasutra - Gems In The Rough: Yesterday's Concepts Mined For Today" 3499: 3215:, released in February 1983. Another early isometric platformer, the 3205: 3127:

was the first cinematic platformer to utilize real-time 3D graphics.

3117: 3033: 3015:

was the first cinematic platformer and perhaps the most influential.

2883: 2615:(2020), developed by Sumo Digital, was a PlayStation 5 launch title. 2450:, Nintendo released more 2D platformers in their classic franchises: 2068: 1891: 1658: 1393: 1325: 1255: 930: 904: 893: 661: 324: 7624: 6407:"Rob's Retro Reviews: 17 Sub-Genres of Platformer Games | List" 5962:"Intuitive Interaction and Expressive Cinematography in Video Games" 1961:, but its levels were more linear, fast-paced, and action-oriented. 1831:

captured significant market share. Even so, the platformer thrived.

1236:

nevertheless featured a number of successful 2D platformers. The 2D

599: 5107: 3672:

While the concept thus was long known in Korea, journalists credit

2773:

was more of a mix of puzzle and traditional platform elements. The

2117:

trilogy and Microsoft's attempt to create a mascot for the Xbox in

1788:

borrowed its format, and the "collect-a-thon" genre began to form.

1721:

used D-pad controls and a behind-the-character camera perspective.

1425:

1986 saw the release of the sequel to forward-scrolling platformer

8626: 8467: 3364: 2864: 2691: 2475: 2275: 2219:, it was the most critically acclaimed game of all time. In 2008, 2173: 1986:

Other notable 3D platformers trickled out during this generation.

1723: 1623:, with bringing Sonic the Hedgehog into 3D. Their project, titled 1557:(1995) extended traditional platformer gameplay in all directions. 1547: 1538: 1501: 1268:

revitalized its series and established a new foundation for later

1114: 919: 647: 598: 466: 432: 410: 346: 43: 7003:"Metroidvania: Rekindling a Love Affair with the Old and the New" 6911:. No. 26 (December 1983). 16 November 1983. pp. 31, 33. 5565:"KONAMIのMSX往年の名作がWiiバーチャルコンソールに登場、第2弾として『メタルギア』の配信も決定 - ファミ通.com" 3209:(1981), which Sega followed with the arcade isometric platformer 1156:

was one of the first attempts at a Nintendo-style platformer for

6284: 6249: 6214: 3525: 3197: 3141:

is generally recognized as the originator of this genre, though

2721: 2512: 1901: 1668: 1657:

In 1994, a small developer called Exact released a game for the

1562: 1553: 1385: 867: 756: 566: 126: 7628: 3982:. No. 26 (December 1983). 16 November 1983. pp. 40–1. 2851:

still navigates the environment via unique movement mechanics.

973:

mechanic that has since appeared in dozens of games, including

779:

and vehicles. Another Sega series that began that same year is

4859: 3311: 2208: 1407: 1055: 113:

inspired many clones and games with similar elements, such as

7472:[ Director Sin Bong-Gu, planner of Gamevil's `Nom`]. 6875: 6669:

Video Game History: From Bouncing Blocks to a Global Industry

6313:"Financial Results Briefing for Fiscal Year Ended March 2009" 2054:

each developed a cult following. In Europe specifically, the

1865:'s bestsellers were first- and second-party platformers like 1402:, where the player controls a penguin in a forward-scrolling 1365:

rode high on the charts in the months following its release.

159:

gained traction in the late 1980s, as did the alternate form

7250:"The History of Castlevania - Castlevania II: Simon's Quest" 4770:"EXCLUSIVE: Interview with Toru Iwatani, creator of Pac-Man" 3793: 3791: 3789: 3657:(1983) has elements of runner games, keeping the jumping of 2591:

SpongeBob SquarePants: Battle for Bikini Bottom – Rehydrated

2576:

was called a "puzzle-platformer without a jump button." The

1795:

more difficult. Some of the more linear 3D platformers like

8253: 4121:

Playing at the Next Level: A History of American Sega Games

1073:. The following year, Nintendo released the console as the 677:, but the acrobatics evoke the movement that games such as 4201:. Vol. 1, no. 10. September 1993. pp. 14–5. 4160:(or any other character action game for that matter) in 3D 2904:. Side-scrolling run-and-gun games marry platformers with 2780:

was also successful and saw a sequel on Game Boy Advance:

2550:, which returned the series to the open-ended gameplay of 1472:. Using a forward-scrolling effect similar to Sega's 1985 3379:

Many games fuse platformer fundamentals with elements of

2755:

This subgenre has a strong presence on handheld systems.

2609:(2020), which came pre-installed on every PlayStation 5. 2263:

platformers were released in 2007 and 2008, and in 2013,

7614:

The evolution of gaming: computers, consoles, and arcade

7563:"Temple Run 2 is the fastest-spreading mobile game ever" 6944:"These Metroidvania games are neither Metroid nor Vania" 6349:"Trine Sells 1.1 Million Copies Ahead of Sequel Release" 912:

also released its own take on the platform-action game,

626:

and released to arcades in 1981, only five months after

561:

won the first award for Best Platform game in 1984 from

7417:

Swipe This!: The Guide to Great Touchscreen Game Design

7317: 7315: 5079:(PlayStation). Level/area: Instruction manual, page 18. 4615:

Attract Mode: The Rise and Fall of Coin-Op Arcade Games

4598:

Attract Mode: The Rise and Fall of Coin-Op Arcade Games

3335: 7427: 7425: 4253:(Complete Guide to Consoles): 46–77. 16 October 1989. 3661:, but replacing the vehicle with a cartoon character. 1770:

inspired a shift in design. Later 3D platformers like

1679:

The following year, Exact released their follow-up to

963:-heavy games. Another Capcom platformer that year was 551:(1984) continued this style of multi-screen levels on 7174:"Famicom 25th, Part 17: Live from The Nippon edition" 6015:"Sega of Japans Comments on Dreamcast Discontinuance" 5044: 5042: 4952:"Retro Japanese Computers: Gaming's Final Frontier". 4737:

The Untold History of Japanese Game Developers Vol. 2

2627:(2021), a short campaign added to the Switch port of 2146:

genre LucasArts had been known for on titles such as

7035:"Microsoft Confirms 'Summer Of Arcade' XBLA Line-Up" 5626:"Hironobu Sakaguchi: The Man Behind the Fantasies". 5515: 5513: 3639:(1982) and chase-style gameplay in platformers like 2291:

games and features pixelated, sprite-based graphics.

1633:

camera and multidirectional gameplay reminiscent of

585:, which further expanded on the exploration aspect. 30:

For the use of platinum in catalytic reforming, see

8674: 8590: 8554: 8516: 8410: 8403: 8328: 8244: 8219: 8169: 8134: 8106: 8068: 8059: 7997: 7967: 7937: 7894: 7868: 7795: 7772: 7707: 7684: 7675: 5473:. SF Kosmo (archived from GameSpot). Archived from 5447:. SF Kosmo (archived from GameSpot). Archived from 4935:"Retro Japanese Computers: Gaming's Final Frontier" 3939: 3937: 1973:console without a platformer. However, it released 876:. The following year saw the release of Nintendo's 6116: 6114: 4343:"Hard Hat - Mattel Intellivision - Games Database" 2882:The run-and-gun platform genre was popularised by 2669:genre, and was a critical and commercial success. 2462:. In 2012, they released two more 2D platformers: 2142:, for the first time combined influences from the 97:The genre started with the 1980 arcade video game 7434:"DON'T STOP: THE GAME THAT CONQUERED SMARTPHONES" 5544: 5542: 5540: 5495: 5493: 5491: 4967: 4965: 3829: 3827: 3825: 2892:. Among the most popular games in this style are 2665:(2020) amalgamates platforming elements into the 6876:"Congo Bongo (Registration Number PA0000184737)" 6618: 6616: 5275:"The 12 Greatest PC Shareware Games of All-Time" 4515: 4513: 4101:"Video Games Player 1983 Golden Joystick Awards" 3304:was Sonic's outing into the isometric subgenre. 2874:is a run-and-gun platformer that spoofs several 2313:eventually sold over eight million units, while 2196:Ratchet & Clank Future: Tools of Destruction 6240:"Ratchet and Clank Future (PS3: 2007): Reviews" 3910:"Super Mario Bros.' 25th: Miyamoto Reveals All" 2603:(2018), a PlayStation VR game, was followed by 2494:. Both were critical and commercial successes. 2138:. Crackpot, composed of former developers from 6475:"Review: Wario Land II (3DS eShop / Game Boy)" 5638: 5636: 2965:are all platformers with shooting, but unlike 7640: 7386:"Game Design Essentials: 20 Open World Games" 7354:"8-Bit Cafe: The Shadow Complex Origin Story" 4844: 4842: 2199:were received well by both critics and fans. 2162:saw modest sales at first, leading publisher 1117:was a strong gaming platform with its custom 759:attempted to emulate this success with their 8: 6923:"Little Big Adventure – Hardcore Gaming 101" 6738:. Turner Broadcasting System. Archived from 5795: 5793: 2799:uses time manipulation for its puzzles, and 2229:, earning it strong sales and good reviews. 1837:became one of the bestselling series on the 1594:released a 3D sequel to their 2D platformer 1519:platformer is a French computer game called 7067:"Castlevania: Symphony of the Night (XBLA)" 5137:"History of: The Sonic The Hedgehog Series" 4280:. No. 19 (June 1989). United Kingdom: 3944:Altice, Nathan (2015). "Chapter 2: Ports". 1650:, it had to be constrained to stop it from 78:in which the core objective is to move the 8407: 8065: 7681: 7647: 7633: 7625: 7215:, Castlevania Dungeon, accessed 2011-02-27 6307: 6305: 5926:, Hardcore Gaming 101 (September 26, 2011) 5622: 5620: 2999:make extensive use of elevator platforms. 2633:, bridged the gap between the gameplay of 2066:series achieved popularity and sold well. 1447:elements such as upgrading equipment, and 1361:sold over a million copies in the US, and 1125:was solidly supported as well. Games like 535:that same year, adding uneven terrain and 7226:Metroidvania Chronicles II: Simon's Quest 6205:"Super Mario Galaxy (Wii: 2007): Reviews" 5002:Column: 'Might Have Been' - Telenet Japan 4467:"The Rise of Nintendo: A Story in 8 Bits" 4181:. No. 50. July 1993. pp. 102–4. 2389:Henry Hatsworth in the Puzzling Adventure 2132:In 2008, Crackpot Entertainment released 1379: 1215:Donkey Kong Country 2: Diddy's Kong Quest 870:released the action-adventure platformer 608:(1981) introduced scrolling to the genre. 203:, both from 1982. In some games, such as 7119:"Commodore Castleroid: Knight 'n' Grail" 6597:"The Best Run And Gun Games of All Time" 6455:Top 100 SNES Games of All Time - IGN.com 4928: 4926: 4924: 4922: 4061:"Reviews Explained: The Game Categories" 3991: 3989: 2621:(2020) was released to critical praise. 2490:(2013) for the Wii U, the latter having 1947:In 1998, Sega produced a 3D Sonic game, 1058:'s mascot. The following year, Takeru's 706:rather than the maze game, Namco's 1984 350:. It was also applied more generally to 290:, and despite the top down perspective, 6632:The making of a strategy game art guide 3744: 3225:, was later released in November 1983. 1619:Sega had tasked their American studio, 1443:elements, a greater variety of levels, 139:. Another popular game of that period, 7446:from the original on December 17, 2016 6429: 6427: 6387:from the original on December 22, 2017 5691:de Dinechin, Christophe (2007-11-08). 4028:"The Player's Guide to Climbing Games" 3863:Paumgarten, Nick (December 13, 2010). 3283:, and isometric platforming elements. 1957:console. It used a hub structure like 1242:was a big success on 32-bit consoles. 955:credits the "level select" feature of 732:as an influence on the development of 247:and later games in the genre, such as 7573:from the original on February 4, 2013 7561:Purchese, Robert (February 1, 2013). 7419:by Scott Rogers, Wiley and Sons, 2012 5897:from the original on 11 December 2015 5887:"First platform videogame in true 3D" 5233:from the original on October 27, 2007 5130: 5128: 4734:Szczepaniak, John (4 November 2015). 4154:. The Conference. 1999. p. 299. 3427:Other examples of such games include 2303:best-selling game for the Nintendo DS 1305:(1994). The game featured levels and 765:series, which started in 1986 on the 103:, which has ladders but not jumping. 7: 7511:from the original on 2 February 2013 7469:[게임 크리에이터] 게임빌 `놈` 기획 신봉구 실장 6625:"The Cinematic Platformer Art Guide" 6351:. industrygamers.com. Archived from 6121:Henley, Stacey (December 16, 2020). 6044:"Rayman 2: The Great Escape Reviews" 5867:from the original on 16 October 2015 5575:from the original on 30 October 2017 5285:from the original on October 4, 2018 5253:"Amiga 600 Technical Specifications" 5202:from the original on 11 January 2013 5192:"Twenty years of Sonic the Hedgehog" 5022:"Gaming's most important evolutions" 4612:Lendino, Jamie (27 September 2020). 4595:Lendino, Jamie (27 September 2020). 4382:"Gaming's most important evolutions" 4260:from the original on 5 January 2021. 3922:from the original on January 5, 2015 3783:games (25.2 percent) are platformers 3664:In February 2003, Gamevil published 3651:(1996) as forerunners of the genre. 3524:in 1987 again by Konami, as well as 2021:Dragon's Lair 3D: Return to the Lair 1389:, as they are a blend of 2D and 3D. 7384:Harris, John (September 26, 2007). 7206:Castlevania 2: Simon's Quest (1988) 7069:. Gamers Daily News. Archived from 6634:. Uppsala Universitet. p. 70. 6573:"A History of Run-and-Gun Shooters" 4983:from the original on 1 October 2018 4601:. Steel Gear Press. pp. 222–3. 4392:from the original on March 19, 2012 2566:came out for Microsoft Windows and 2307:best-selling non-bundled video game 1221:Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island 1075:Super Nintendo Entertainment System 1054:, with a protagonist positioned as 618:is a platform-shooter developed by 323:magazine in 1983 when it named the 7542:from the original on June 16, 2016 7532:"Fotonica: You Need This Game Now" 7398:from the original on June 24, 2008 6903:"Awesome Ants Leap to the Attack!" 6623:Bexander, Cecilia (January 2014). 6571:Keil, Alyssa (February 11, 2020). 5273:Edwards, Benj (January 22, 2012). 5255:. Amiga History. December 15, 2002 5221:Boutros, Daniel (August 4, 2006). 4937:. Hardcore Gaming 101. p. 4. 4495:, Crash, 1984–1985, archived from 3836:Game Design Deep Dive: Platformers 3418:Castlevania: Symphony of the Night 2659:was released to critical acclaim. 2618:Crash Bandicoot 4: It's About Time 1707:. Another early 3D platformer was 1511:(1990) was an early 3D platformer. 1265:Castlevania: Symphony of the Night 528:Smurf: Rescue in Gargamel's Castle 135:(1983) adds a third dimension via 25: 7499:Faraday, Owen (21 January 2013). 7480:from the original on July 9, 2016 7352:Jeremy Parish (August 18, 2009). 7248:Mike Whalen, Giancarlo Varanini. 7172:Parish, Jeremy (August 1, 2008). 6711:from the original on 7 March 2014 6678:from the original on 7 March 2014 6641:from the original on 7 March 2014 6373:Kain, Erik (September 24, 2017). 6069:"Rayman 3: Hoodlum Havoc Reviews" 5668:"JJ: Tobidase Daisakusen Part II" 5011:, GameSetWatch, December 17, 2007 4523:. IGN. 2008-03-24. Archived from 4118:Horowitz, Ken (21 October 2016). 3974:"Gorilla Keeps on Climbing! Kong" 3623:Game designer Scott Rogers named 3452:Wonder Boy III: The Dragon's Trap 3421:popularized this approach in the 3329:to comply with Knowledge (XXG)'s 3184:Isometric graphics in video games 1119:video hardware and sound hardware 1025:Alex Kidd in the Enchanted Castle 716:, and a series of unique levels. 382:) as platform games, and calling 7859: 7296:. 6 October 2017. Archived from 6942:Fletcher, JC (August 20, 2009). 6732:"Prince of Persia Retrospective" 6510:from the original on 2019-12-09. 6149:Sinclair, Brendan (2005-12-20). 4873:"Hardcore Gaming 101: Wonderboy" 4801:"The Ultimate Guide to Pac-Land" 4618:. Steel Gear Press. p. 222. 3316: 2767:continued this tradition, while 1683:. An early title for Sony's new 1009:Second-generation side-scrollers 565:magazine. Later that same year, 7330:. GameSpite.net. Archived from 7129:from the original on 2009-05-15 7047:from the original on 2009-07-12 7033:Alexander, Leigh (2009-07-09). 6983:from the original on 2014-03-22 6969:Matulef, Jeffery (2014-03-21). 6814:from the original on 2015-09-04 6789:from the original on 2015-09-04 6329:from the original on 2011-06-29 6291:from the original on 2011-11-06 6256:from the original on 2012-08-27 6221:from the original on 2017-05-06 6163:from the original on 2006-12-08 6075:from the original on 2009-03-04 6050:from the original on 2009-03-12 5996:from the original on 2007-04-21 5779:from the original on 2006-12-10 5754:from the original on 2007-10-15 5744:"Fade to Black - DOS Cover Art" 5699:from the original on 2011-02-28 5425:from the original on 2007-04-21 5400:from the original on 2009-03-19 5371:from the original on 2009-04-02 5342:from the original on 2007-10-27 5311:from the original on 2016-04-02 5305:"A Look Back at Commander Keen" 5114:from the original on 2007-01-25 4941:from the original on 2011-01-13 4908:from the original on 2006-03-07 4883:from the original on 2010-01-07 4716:from the original on 2018-06-03 4687:from the original on 2018-06-12 4658:from the original on 2007-10-15 4577:from the original on 2012-10-07 4465:Harris, Blake J. (2014-05-14). 4447:from the original on 2018-01-05 4418:from the original on 2017-12-01 4363:from the original on 2007-10-20 4042:from the original on 2016-03-19 3811:from the original on 2007-10-27 2809:rotation. In contrast to these 2646:Ratchet & Clank: Rift Apart 2579:Crash Bandicoot N. Sane Trilogy 2395:Wario Land: The Shake Dimension 2001:Billy Hatcher and the Giant Egg 1575:sprites, much like the earlier 1153:The Adventures of Captain Comic 818:in turn inspired games such as 496:, a platformer with two-player 388:a "platform and ladders" game. 319:." That label was also used by 39:Casey Newton § Platformer 7432:Parkin, Simon (June 7, 2013). 7204:Kurt Kalata and William Cain, 6881:United States Copyright Office 6832:Scullion, Chris (2019-03-30). 6671:. Greenwood Press. p. 4. 6662:"Visual Design in Video Games" 5825:"Forgotten Gem: Jumping Flash" 5719:"Before Their Time: Cover Art" 5469:Johnston, Chris (1997-10-02). 5443:Johnston, Chris (1997-11-06). 5052:. 17 June 2006. Archived from 4388:. October 8, 2010. p. 3. 4359:. Arcade History. 2006-11-21. 3700:s perspective (and hands) and 3154:games. Other examples include 2983:Category:Cinematic platformers 2844:Captain Toad: Treasure Tracker 2446:. A year after the success of 2215:. At that point, according to 1493:. Square released its sequel, 1329:brought the 2.5D style to the 1254:helped revitalize interest in 751:Guinness Book of World Records 1: 7095:. Game Sprite. Archived from 7001:Parish, Jeremy (2009-07-23). 6838:. Pen and Sword. p. 30. 6347:Williams, M.H. (2011-12-08). 6093:Avard, Alex (12 March 2021). 4904:. Killer List of Videogames. 4799:Bevan, Mike (22 March 2014). 4301:Chris Crawford on Game Design 4284:. 18 May 1989. pp. 24–5. 4079:"Stocking Stuffers: Beer Run" 3446:Ori and the Will of the Wisps 2841:. In 2014, Nintendo released 1077:in North America, along with 792:in 1986 was inspired more by 747:Nintendo Entertainment System 37:For the tech newsletter, see 7465:Han, Ji-suk (May 28, 2004). 6524:. 2011-06-19. Archived from 6275:"Super Mario Galaxy Reviews" 6021:. 2001-01-31. Archived from 5960:Cozic, Laurent; et al. 5168:. Sonic Cult. Archived from 5135:Horowitz, Ken (2005-06-22). 4272:"Capcom: A Captive Audience" 4089:(12): 62, 64. December 1982. 3733:List of platform game series 3292:was a sequel to the popular 2649:(2021) was one of the first 2459:Kirby's Return to Dream Land 2027:Pitfall: The Lost Expedition 1992:was a spiritual heir to the 1342:Kirby 64: The Crystal Shards 1284:kept the subgenre born from 305:review of the Apple II game 7117:Caoili, Eric (2009-05-01). 6730:Rybicki, Joe (5 May 2008). 5717:Fahs, Travis (2007-01-08). 4156:what do you get if you put 4002:. Arco Publishing. p. 3616:forever, typically through 2453:Donkey Kong Country Returns 2267:, an indie developer, made 1931:Legacy of Kain: Soul Reaver 1737:In 1996, Nintendo released 660:because of similarities to 431:, a 1980 arcade release by 331:"Ladder Game of the Year". 8748: 7857: 7147:Bailey, Kat (2020-02-26). 6783:"Arcade Flyers: Cover Art" 6546:Gad, Joshua (2020-01-11). 6500:"Donkey Kong Game Ranking" 5855:Fahey, Rob (9 June 2007). 3608: 3358: 3181: 2980: 2858: 2685: 2497:Besides Nintendo's games, 1515:The earliest example of a 947:and open-world games like 803:Wonder Boy in Monster Land 772:Alex Kidd in Miracle World 592: 400: 352:side-scrolling video games 296:(1981) as climbing games. 36: 29: 7667:List of video game genres 7662: 7530:nofi (January 19, 2011). 6946:. Joystiq. Archived from 6808:"Arcade Flyers Cover Art" 6697:Lalone, Nicholas (2012). 6322:. 2009-05-08. p. 6. 5937:"Super Mario 64 Overview" 5721:. GotNext. Archived from 5506:Killer List of Videogames 5390:"Mischief Makers Reviews" 5096:Killer List of Videogames 4521:"The Leif Ericson Awards" 4331:Killer List of Videogames 4067:. London: 76. March 1983. 3717:(2011) and its successor 3645:(1994 8-bit version) and 3579:such as the 1985 release 3233:, an isometric sequel to 2448:New Super Mario Bros. Wii 2439:New Super Mario Bros. Wii 2078:Oddworld: Munch's Oddysee 1671:that could jump and then 1654:through the environment. 595:Side-scrolling video game 53:is a platformer based on 7959:Digital collectible card 7468: 7065:Cook, Jim (2009-07-14). 6908:Computer and Video Games 6548:"Valve's Elusive F-STOP" 6436:"Doki Doki Penguin Land" 5990:"US Platinum Game Chart" 5891:guinnessworldrecords.com 5628:Next Generation Magazine 5419:"US Platinum Game Chart" 4849:The Legend of Wonder Boy 4636:(1): 23. September 1983. 4250:Computer and Video Games 4038:(11): 49. January 1983. 3979:Computer and Video Games 3897:(in Japanese) (1989–02). 3440:Ori and the Blind Forest 3342:may contain suggestions. 3327:may need to be rewritten 2789:Klonoa: Empire of Dreams 2730:and Sega's 1985 release 2612:Sackboy: A Big Adventure 2600:Astro Bot Rescue Mission 2444:content delivery network 2380:to original titles like 2359:Bionic Commando: Rearmed 1762:. Even so, a handful of 1621:Sega Technical Institute 1435:, which was designed by 1348:Goemon's Great Adventure 1185:Cosmo's Cosmic Adventure 704:Saturday morning cartoon 640:Irem's 1982 arcade game 539:between static screens. 469:under the name Jumpman. 403:Wraparound (video games) 379:Kato-chan & Ken-chan 263:Computer and Video Games 8044:Roguelike deck-building 7952:Roguelike deck-building 5695:. Grenouille Bouillie. 5361:"Yoshi's Story Reviews" 4630:"Reviews: Track Attack" 4126:McFarland & Company 3625:side-scrolling shooters 3308:Platform-adventure game 2832:Tag: The Power of Paint 2585:Spyro Reignited Trilogy 2492:cooperative multiplayer 2484:(2011) for the 3DS and 2471:New Super Mario Bros. U 2465:New Super Mario Bros. 2 2436:also used 2D graphics. 2120:Blinx: The Time Sweeper 1979:in 2002, the second 3D 1036:artificial intelligence 667:The 1982 Apple II game 449:has a similar concept. 356:run and gun video games 6181:Life After Shelf Death 5857:"Jumping Flash (1995)" 5801:Geograph Seal (X68000) 5693:"The dawn of 3D games" 5330:"It's a Viewtiful Day" 4648:"BC's Quest for Tires" 4242:"Complete Games Guide" 3834:Bycer, Joshua (2019). 3654:B.C.'s Quest for Tires 3381:action-adventure games 3375: 3289:Spot Goes To Hollywood 3253:action-adventure games 2879: 2861:Run and gun video game 2855:Run-and-gun platformer 2742:Doki Doki Penguin Land 2733:Doki Doki Penguin Land 2711: 2560:and an HD remaster of 2340:Kirby Super Star Ultra 2292: 2184: 2045:Ty the Tasmanian Tiger 1969:Nintendo launched its 1829:action-adventure games 1798:Tork: Prehistoric Punk 1734: 1704:Guinness World Records 1558: 1527:Christophe de Dinechin 1512: 1491:stereoscopic 3-D games 1081:, while Sega released 969:, which popularized a 684:B.C.'s Quest For Tires 609: 545:(1983) and its sequel 422: 59: 8286:Tactical role-playing 8051:Tactical role-playing 7605:Video Games: Platform 7501:"Temple Run 2 review" 7294:hardcoregaming101.net 5521:"Antarctic Adventure" 5471:"Sony Closes the Gap" 4836:, Hardcore Gaming 101 4768:HSals (22 May 2015). 3996:Bloom, Steve (1982). 3618:procedural generation 3566:in 1988, and several 3482:DuckTales: Remastered 3368: 3279:, which blended RPG, 3261:to create games like 3169:Nightmare in the Dark 2868: 2783:Mario vs. Donkey Kong 2704: 2354:New Super Mario Bros. 2352:After the success of 2298:New Super Mario Bros. 2279: 2177: 2164:Majesco Entertainment 1965:Into the 21st century 1925:Gex: Deep Cover Gecko 1825:first-person shooters 1727: 1551: 1505: 1380:isometric platformers 602: 414: 178:isometric perspective 47: 8666:Vertically scrolling 6810:. arcadeflyers.com. 6785:. arcadeflyers.com. 6434:Derboo, Sam (2015). 4437:"Coleco Donkey Kong" 3594:Legacy of the Wizard 3433:, both games in the 3276:Little Big Adventure 3190:isometric projection 3176:Isometric platformer 2977:Cinematic platformer 2630:Super Mario 3D World 2521:, came out in 2011. 2487:Super Mario 3D World 2371:Sonic the Hedgehog 4 2227:user created content 2081:brought the popular 1976:Super Mario Sunshine 1915:Conker's Bad Fur Day 1745:analog control stick 531:was released on the 480:The following year, 74:) is a sub-genre of 8296:Turn-based strategy 8201:Submarine simulator 8007:Action role-playing 7914:Interactive fiction 6194:, November 13, 2007 5814:, November 25, 2006 5549:Antarctic Adventure 5501:Antarctic Adventure 5147:on January 14, 2010 5110:. Bonk Compendium. 4877:Hardcore Gaming 101 4862:, November 14, 2008 4546:"ジャンプバグレトロゲームしま専科" 3387:The Legend of Zelda 3258:The Legend of Zelda 3196:was popularized by 3131:Comical action game 2819:and its successor, 2775:Game Boy update of 2547:Super Mario Odyssey 2481:Super Mario 3D Land 2433:BattleBlock Theater 2346:Kirby: Squeak Squad 2170:Recent developments 2152:with a platformer. 2108:Ratchet & Clank 1936:Shiny Entertainment 1905:proved successful. 1827:, and more complex 1499:, later that year. 1439:. It included more 1427:Antarctic Adventure 1399:Antarctic Adventure 1311:Donkey Kong Country 1128:Shadow of the Beast 745:, released for the 622:under contract for 582:Montezuma's Revenge 484:received a sequel, 299:In a December 1982 270:and 1983 magazines 90:to traverse. Other 32:Catalytic reforming 8697:Video game modding 8639:Nonlinear gameplay 8301:Turn-based tactics 8269:Real-time strategy 7231:2011-06-29 at the 7211:2011-07-23 at the 6950:on October 5, 2013 6769:Imagine Publishing 6704:. pp. 77–78. 6522:"And Yet It Moves" 6186:2007-11-15 at the 5922:2016-09-15 at the 5915:John Szczepaniak, 5806:2016-01-29 at the 5007:2011-07-11 at the 4933:John Szczepaniak. 4854:2011-07-13 at the 4832:2016-01-18 at the 4573:. Arcade History. 4412:"ColecoVision FAQ" 4220:. pp. 23–76. 4158:Sonic the Hedgehog 4105:Video Games Player 4083:Creative Computing 3952:. pp. 53–80. 3585:and 1987 releases 3488:Early examples of 3376: 3194:isometric graphics 3076:Heart of the Alien 3018:Impossible Mission 2880: 2807:frame of reference 2712: 2557:Super Lucky's Tale 2423:A Boy and His Blob 2311:Super Mario Galaxy 2293: 2288:Sonic the Hedgehog 2201:Super Mario Galaxy 2190:Super Mario Galaxy 2185: 1735: 1559: 1543:IBM PC compatibles 1513: 1466:Hironobu Sakaguchi 1260:Mega Man character 1158:IBM PC compatibles 1084:Sonic the Hedgehog 918:, which contained 610: 572:Impossible Mission 558:Wanted: Monty Mole 459:arcade video game 423: 341:Sonic the Hedgehog 321:Video Games Player 302:Creative Computing 137:isometric graphics 125:(1982), while the 76:action video games 70:, and sometimes a 60: 8732:Video game genres 8714: 8713: 8710: 8709: 8702:Video game remake 8610:Emergent gameplay 8281:Real-time tactics 8240: 8239: 8179:Flight simulation 7909:Graphic adventure 7855: 7854: 7656:Video game genres 7300:on 27 August 2017 6845:978-1-5267-3780-9 6771:. pp. 44–49. 6071:. Game Rankings. 6046:. Game Rankings. 5644:"3-D WorldRunner" 5609:Penguin Adventure 5594:Penguin Adventure 5445:"N64 Back on Top" 5421:. The Magic Box. 5028:. October 8, 2010 4977:www.gamasutra.com 4780:on 20 August 2017 4277:The Games Machine 4135:978-0-7864-9994-6 3709:s visual style". 3603:Auto-runner games 3392:with elements of 3357: 3356: 3331:quality standards 3202:isometric shooter 3046:Heart of Darkness 2962:Enchanted Portals 2926:Ghosts 'n Goblins 2702: 2688:Puzzle video game 2682:Puzzle-platformer 2334:Yoshi's Island DS 2322:Super Mario 64 DS 2316:Super Paper Mario 2254:Sonic Generations 1592:Delphine Software 1529:and published by 1432:Penguin Adventure 1281:Heart of Darkness 1108:anthropomorphisms 1079:Super Mario World 1070:Super Mario World 945:Super Mario Bros. 798:Super Mario Bros. 742:Super Mario Bros. 734:Super Mario Bros. 691:. The same year, 336:Super Mario Bros. 250:Super Mario Bros. 152:Super Mario Bros. 72:jump 'n' run game 56:Super Mario Bros. 16:(Redirected from 8739: 8692:Video game clone 8408: 8404:Related concepts 8211:Vehicular combat 8066: 7939:Digital tabletop 7919:Interactive film 7879:Grand Theft Auto 7870:Action-adventure 7863: 7820:Platform fighter 7699:Platform fighter 7682: 7649: 7642: 7635: 7626: 7583: 7582: 7580: 7578: 7558: 7552: 7551: 7549: 7547: 7527: 7521: 7520: 7518: 7516: 7496: 7490: 7489: 7487: 7485: 7462: 7456: 7455: 7453: 7451: 7429: 7420: 7414: 7408: 7407: 7405: 7403: 7381: 7375: 7374: 7372: 7371: 7366:on June 20, 2012 7362:. Archived from 7349: 7343: 7342: 7340: 7339: 7328:Metroidvania.com 7319: 7310: 7309: 7307: 7305: 7286: 7280: 7277: 7271: 7270: 7268: 7267: 7258:. Archived from 7245: 7239: 7222: 7216: 7202: 7196: 7195: 7193: 7191: 7186:on June 29, 2012 7182:. Archived from 7169: 7163: 7162: 7160: 7159: 7144: 7138: 7137: 7135: 7134: 7114: 7108: 7107: 7105: 7104: 7091:Parish, Jeremy. 7088: 7082: 7081: 7079: 7078: 7062: 7056: 7055: 7053: 7052: 7030: 7024: 7023: 7021: 7020: 7011:. Archived from 6998: 6992: 6991: 6989: 6988: 6966: 6960: 6959: 6957: 6955: 6939: 6933: 6932: 6930: 6929: 6919: 6913: 6912: 6899: 6893: 6892: 6890: 6888: 6872: 6866: 6865: 6856: 6850: 6849: 6829: 6823: 6822: 6820: 6819: 6804: 6798: 6797: 6795: 6794: 6779: 6773: 6772: 6767:. No. 122. 6758: 6752: 6751: 6749: 6747: 6727: 6721: 6720: 6718: 6716: 6710: 6703: 6694: 6688: 6687: 6685: 6683: 6677: 6666: 6660:Therrien, Carl. 6657: 6651: 6650: 6648: 6646: 6640: 6629: 6620: 6611: 6610: 6608: 6607: 6593: 6587: 6586: 6584: 6583: 6577:Mega Cat Studios 6568: 6562: 6561: 6559: 6558: 6543: 6537: 6536: 6534: 6533: 6518: 6512: 6511: 6496: 6490: 6489: 6487: 6486: 6471: 6465: 6464: 6463: 6462: 6450: 6444: 6443: 6440:Hard Core Gaming 6431: 6422: 6421: 6419: 6418: 6409:. 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Archived from 5517: 5508: 5497: 5486: 5485: 5483: 5482: 5466: 5460: 5459: 5457: 5456: 5440: 5434: 5433: 5431: 5430: 5415: 5409: 5408: 5406: 5405: 5386: 5380: 5379: 5377: 5376: 5357: 5351: 5350: 5348: 5347: 5326: 5320: 5319: 5317: 5316: 5307:. 3DRealms.com. 5301: 5295: 5294: 5292: 5290: 5270: 5264: 5263: 5261: 5260: 5249: 5243: 5242: 5240: 5238: 5218: 5212: 5211: 5209: 5207: 5187: 5181: 5180: 5178: 5177: 5162: 5156: 5155: 5153: 5152: 5143:. Archived from 5132: 5123: 5122: 5120: 5119: 5104: 5098: 5087: 5081: 5080: 5072: 5066: 5065: 5063: 5061: 5046: 5037: 5036: 5034: 5033: 5018: 5012: 4999: 4993: 4992: 4990: 4988: 4969: 4960: 4959: 4949: 4947: 4946: 4930: 4917: 4916: 4914: 4913: 4898: 4892: 4891: 4889: 4888: 4869: 4863: 4846: 4837: 4823: 4817: 4816: 4814: 4812: 4807:. pp. 67–72 4803:. No. 127. 4796: 4790: 4789: 4787: 4785: 4776:. 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Moreover, two 2074: 2057:Kao the Kangaroo 2018:, games such as 1995:Ghosts'n Goblins 1920:Crystal Dynamics 1779:Spyro the Dragon 1760:action-adventure 1661:computer called 1608:action adventure 1578:Clockwork Knight 1533:in 1990 for the 1449:multiple endings 1302:Clockwork Knight 1286:Prince of Persia 1140:Prince of Persia 1051:Bonk's Adventure 1013:By the time the 991:Super Mario Land 821:Adventure Island 808:action-adventure 726:Shigeru Miyamoto 679:Prince of Persia 498:cooperative play 376:mould" (such as 273:Electronic Games 241:Shigeru Miyamoto 176:character or in 80:player character 27:Video game genre 21: 8747: 8746: 8742: 8741: 8740: 8738: 8737: 8736: 8717: 8716: 8715: 8706: 8670: 8661:Twitch gameplay 8586: 8550: 8512: 8399: 8351:Survival horror 8324: 8274:Time management 8236: 8215: 8206:Train simulator 8165: 8130: 8102: 8055: 7993: 7963: 7933: 7890: 7864: 7851: 7791: 7787:Survival horror 7768: 7703: 7671: 7658: 7653: 7592: 7587: 7586: 7576: 7574: 7560: 7559: 7555: 7545: 7543: 7529: 7528: 7524: 7514: 7512: 7498: 7497: 7493: 7483: 7481: 7470: 7464: 7463: 7459: 7449: 7447: 7431: 7430: 7423: 7415: 7411: 7401: 7399: 7383: 7382: 7378: 7369: 7367: 7351: 7350: 7346: 7337: 7335: 7322:Jeremy Parish. 7321: 7320: 7313: 7303: 7301: 7290:"Brain Breaker" 7288: 7287: 7283: 7278: 7274: 7265: 7263: 7247: 7246: 7242: 7238:, June 28, 2006 7233:Wayback Machine 7224:Jeremy Parish, 7223: 7219: 7213:Wayback Machine 7203: 7199: 7189: 7187: 7171: 7170: 7166: 7157: 7155: 7146: 7145: 7141: 7132: 7130: 7116: 7115: 7111: 7102: 7100: 7090: 7089: 7085: 7076: 7074: 7064: 7063: 7059: 7050: 7048: 7032: 7031: 7027: 7018: 7016: 7000: 6999: 6995: 6986: 6984: 6968: 6967: 6963: 6953: 6951: 6941: 6940: 6936: 6927: 6925: 6921: 6920: 6916: 6901: 6900: 6896: 6886: 6884: 6874: 6873: 6869: 6864:. January 1983. 6858: 6857: 6853: 6846: 6831: 6830: 6826: 6817: 6815: 6806: 6805: 6801: 6792: 6790: 6781: 6780: 6776: 6760: 6759: 6755: 6745: 6743: 6729: 6728: 6724: 6714: 6712: 6708: 6701: 6696: 6695: 6691: 6681: 6679: 6675: 6664: 6659: 6658: 6654: 6644: 6642: 6638: 6627: 6622: 6621: 6614: 6605: 6603: 6595: 6594: 6590: 6581: 6579: 6570: 6569: 6565: 6556: 6554: 6545: 6544: 6540: 6531: 6529: 6520: 6519: 6515: 6498: 6497: 6493: 6484: 6482: 6473: 6472: 6468: 6460: 6458: 6452: 6451: 6447: 6433: 6432: 6425: 6416: 6414: 6405: 6404: 6400: 6390: 6388: 6372: 6371: 6367: 6358: 6356: 6346: 6345: 6341: 6332: 6330: 6326: 6315: 6311: 6310: 6303: 6294: 6292: 6273: 6272: 6268: 6259: 6257: 6238: 6237: 6233: 6224: 6222: 6203: 6202: 6198: 6188:Wayback Machine 6179: 6175: 6166: 6164: 6148: 6147: 6143: 6133: 6131: 6120: 6119: 6112: 6103: 6101: 6092: 6091: 6087: 6078: 6076: 6067: 6066: 6062: 6053: 6051: 6042: 6041: 6037: 6028: 6026: 6013: 6012: 6008: 5999: 5997: 5988: 5987: 5983: 5974: 5972: 5968: 5959: 5958: 5954: 5945: 5943: 5935: 5934: 5930: 5924:Wayback Machine 5914: 5910: 5900: 5898: 5885: 5884: 5880: 5870: 5868: 5854: 5853: 5849: 5840: 5838: 5823: 5822: 5818: 5808:Wayback Machine 5798: 5791: 5782: 5780: 5773:"Geograph Seal" 5771: 5770: 5766: 5757: 5755: 5742: 5741: 5737: 5728: 5726: 5716: 5715: 5711: 5702: 5700: 5690: 5689: 5685: 5666: 5665: 5661: 5642: 5641: 5634: 5625: 5618: 5607: 5603: 5592: 5588: 5578: 5576: 5569:www.famitsu.com 5563: 5562: 5558: 5547: 5538: 5519: 5518: 5511: 5498: 5489: 5480: 5478: 5468: 5467: 5463: 5454: 5452: 5442: 5441: 5437: 5428: 5426: 5417: 5416: 5412: 5403: 5401: 5388: 5387: 5383: 5374: 5372: 5359: 5358: 5354: 5345: 5343: 5328: 5327: 5323: 5314: 5312: 5303: 5302: 5298: 5288: 5286: 5272: 5271: 5267: 5258: 5256: 5251: 5250: 5246: 5236: 5234: 5220: 5219: 5215: 5205: 5203: 5189: 5188: 5184: 5175: 5173: 5164: 5163: 5159: 5150: 5148: 5134: 5133: 5126: 5117: 5115: 5106: 5105: 5101: 5088: 5084: 5074: 5073: 5069: 5059: 5057: 5056:on 17 June 2006 5048: 5047: 5040: 5031: 5029: 5020: 5019: 5015: 5009:Wayback Machine 5000: 4996: 4986: 4984: 4971: 4970: 4963: 4951: 4950:Reprinted from 4944: 4942: 4932: 4931: 4920: 4911: 4909: 4900: 4899: 4895: 4886: 4884: 4871: 4870: 4866: 4856:Wayback Machine 4847: 4840: 4834:Wayback Machine 4824: 4820: 4810: 4808: 4798: 4797: 4793: 4783: 4781: 4767: 4766: 4762: 4752: 4750: 4748: 4733: 4732: 4728: 4719: 4717: 4704: 4703: 4699: 4690: 4688: 4675: 4674: 4670: 4661: 4659: 4646: 4645: 4641: 4628: 4627: 4623: 4611: 4610: 4606: 4594: 4593: 4589: 4580: 4578: 4569: 4568: 4564: 4555: 4553: 4544: 4543: 4539: 4530: 4528: 4519: 4518: 4511: 4502: 4500: 4492:Readers' Awards 4489: 4488: 4484: 4475: 4473: 4464: 4463: 4459: 4450: 4448: 4441:Handheld Museum 4435: 4434: 4430: 4421: 4419: 4410: 4409: 4405: 4395: 4393: 4380: 4379: 4375: 4366: 4364: 4355: 4354: 4350: 4341: 4340: 4336: 4323: 4319: 4312: 4296:Crawford, Chris 4294: 4293: 4289: 4270: 4269: 4265: 4257: 4244: 4240: 4239: 4235: 4228: 4211: 4210: 4206: 4191: 4190: 4186: 4171: 4170: 4166: 4148: 4147: 4143: 4136: 4117: 4116: 4112: 4099: 4098: 4094: 4077: 4076: 4072: 4059: 4058: 4054: 4045: 4043: 4026: 4025: 4021: 4014: 3995: 3994: 3987: 3972: 3971: 3967: 3960: 3943: 3942: 3935: 3925: 3923: 3907: 3906: 3902: 3890: 3889: 3885: 3875: 3873: 3862: 3861: 3857: 3850: 3833: 3832: 3823: 3814: 3812: 3797: 3796: 3787: 3774: 3770: 3761: 3759: 3751: 3750: 3746: 3741: 3729: 3706: 3697: 3688: 3648:Crash Bandicoot 3613: 3607: 3602: 3601: 3458:Tails Adventure 3415: 3391: 3378: 3363: 3353: 3347: 3344: 3334: 3321: 3310: 3242:Head Over Heels 3186: 3178: 3133: 3005:trial and error 2985: 2979: 2938:Jazz Jackrabbit 2863: 2857: 2816:Narbacular Drop 2692: 2690: 2684: 2675: 2540:on the website 2305:and the fourth 2260:Crash Bandicoot 2242:Sonic Unleashed 2231:Electronic Arts 2222:LittleBigPlanet 2172: 2144:point and click 2103:Insomniac Games 2093:Crash Bandicoot 2072: 1967: 1950:Sonic Adventure 1887:Pangea Software 1858:Crash Bandicoot 1843:Insomniac Games 1793:jumping puzzles 1719:Floating Runner 1710:Floating Runner 1643: 1486:3-D WorldRunner 1461:3-D WorldRunner 1454:In early 1987, 1371: 1369:Third dimension 1363:Mischief Makers 1354:Mischief Makers 1204: 1196:Apogee Software 1011: 966:Bionic Commando 899:Esper Boukentai 681:would feature. 597: 591: 577:Parker Brothers 503:Fairyland Story 487:Donkey Kong Jr. 409: 399: 394: 231: 173: 66:(also called a 42: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 8745: 8743: 8735: 8734: 8729: 8719: 8718: 8712: 8711: 8708: 8707: 8705: 8704: 8699: 8694: 8689: 8684: 8678: 8676: 8672: 8671: 8669: 8668: 8663: 8658: 8656:Side-scrolling 8653: 8652: 8651: 8646: 8636: 8631: 8624: 8617: 8612: 8607: 8606: 8605: 8594: 8592: 8588: 8587: 8585: 8584: 8583: 8582: 8577: 8564: 8558: 8556: 8552: 8551: 8549: 8548: 8543: 8542: 8541: 8536: 8531: 8520: 8518: 8514: 8513: 8511: 8510: 8509: 8508: 8503: 8501:Climate change 8498: 8488: 8483: 8478: 8473: 8472: 8471: 8459: 8452: 8447: 8442: 8437: 8432: 8427: 8420: 8414: 8412: 8405: 8401: 8400: 8398: 8397: 8392: 8387: 8382: 8377: 8372: 8371: 8370: 8360: 8355: 8354: 8353: 8343: 8338: 8332: 8330: 8326: 8325: 8323: 8322: 8321: 8320: 8318:Grand strategy 8310: 8309: 8308: 8298: 8293: 8288: 8283: 8278: 8277: 8276: 8266: 8261: 8256: 8250: 8248: 8242: 8241: 8238: 8237: 8235: 8234: 8229: 8223: 8221: 8217: 8216: 8214: 8213: 8208: 8203: 8198: 8197: 8196: 8191: 8186: 8175: 8173: 8167: 8166: 8164: 8163: 8162: 8161: 8156: 8146: 8140: 8138: 8132: 8131: 8129: 8128: 8123: 8118: 8112: 8110: 8104: 8103: 8101: 8100: 8095: 8090: 8085: 8080: 8074: 8072: 8063: 8057: 8056: 8054: 8053: 8048: 8047: 8046: 8036: 8034:Monster-taming 8031: 8026: 8021: 8020: 8019: 8014: 8012:Looter shooter 8003: 8001: 7995: 7994: 7992: 7991: 7986: 7979: 7973: 7971: 7965: 7964: 7962: 7961: 7956: 7955: 7954: 7943: 7941: 7935: 7934: 7932: 7931: 7926: 7921: 7916: 7911: 7906: 7900: 7898: 7892: 7891: 7889: 7888: 7883: 7874: 7872: 7866: 7865: 7858: 7856: 7853: 7852: 7850: 7849: 7844: 7839: 7838: 7837: 7824: 7823: 7822: 7812: 7811: 7810: 7808:Hack and slash 7799: 7797: 7793: 7792: 7790: 7789: 7784: 7778: 7776: 7770: 7769: 7767: 7766: 7761: 7756: 7755: 7754: 7749: 7744: 7734: 7729: 7724: 7719: 7713: 7711: 7705: 7704: 7702: 7701: 7696: 7694:Endless runner 7690: 7688: 7679: 7673: 7672: 7670: 7669: 7663: 7660: 7659: 7654: 7652: 7651: 7644: 7637: 7629: 7623: 7622: 7611: 7602: 7596:Platform games 7591: 7590:External links 7588: 7585: 7584: 7553: 7536:The Sixth Axis 7522: 7491: 7457: 7439:The New Yorker 7421: 7409: 7376: 7344: 7324:"Metroidvania" 7311: 7281: 7272: 7240: 7217: 7197: 7164: 7139: 7123:Game Set Watch 7109: 7093:"Metroidvania" 7083: 7057: 7025: 6993: 6961: 6934: 6914: 6894: 6867: 6851: 6844: 6824: 6799: 6774: 6753: 6722: 6689: 6652: 6612: 6588: 6563: 6538: 6513: 6491: 6466: 6445: 6423: 6398: 6365: 6339: 6301: 6266: 6231: 6196: 6173: 6141: 6110: 6085: 6060: 6035: 6006: 5981: 5952: 5928: 5908: 5878: 5847: 5816: 5812:The Next Level 5789: 5764: 5735: 5709: 5683: 5680:on 2014-01-01. 5659: 5656:on 2014-01-01. 5632: 5616: 5601: 5586: 5556: 5536: 5533:on 2014-01-01. 5509: 5487: 5461: 5435: 5410: 5381: 5352: 5338:. 2004-08-24. 5321: 5296: 5265: 5244: 5213: 5182: 5157: 5124: 5108:"Series Guide" 5099: 5082: 5067: 5038: 5013: 4994: 4961: 4918: 4893: 4864: 4838: 4818: 4791: 4760: 4747:978-1518655319 4746: 4726: 4710:Arcade History 4697: 4668: 4639: 4621: 4604: 4587: 4562: 4537: 4509: 4482: 4457: 4428: 4403: 4373: 4348: 4334: 4317: 4310: 4304:. New Riders. 4287: 4263: 4233: 4226: 4204: 4184: 4178:Nintendo Power 4164: 4141: 4134: 4128:. p. 82. 4110: 4092: 4070: 4052: 4019: 4013:978-0668055208 4012: 3999:Video Invaders 3985: 3965: 3958: 3933: 3900: 3883: 3870:The New Yorker 3855: 3849:978-0429560576 3848: 3821: 3807:. 2006-08-04. 3785: 3768: 3743: 3742: 3740: 3737: 3736: 3735: 3728: 3725: 3611:Endless runner 3606: 3599: 3532:computer game 3521:The Goonies II 3509:Vampire Killer 3476:Shadow Complex 3355: 3354: 3324: 3322: 3315: 3309: 3306: 3301:Sonic 3D Blast 3270:Light Crusader 3177: 3174: 3132: 3129: 2978: 2975: 2895:Gunstar Heroes 2856: 2853: 2811:side-scrollers 2683: 2680: 2674: 2671: 2552:Super Mario 64 2407:Super Meat Boy 2377:Rayman Origins 2365:Contra ReBirth 2282:Freedom Planet 2171: 2168: 2098:Jak and Daxter 2091:moved on from 1966: 1963: 1959:Super Mario 64 1875:Donkey Kong 64 1867:Super Mario 64 1819:In the 1990s, 1809:Super Mario 64 1785:Donkey Kong 64 1768:Super Mario 64 1756:Super Mario 64 1740:Super Mario 64 1730:Super Mario 64 1715:Super Mario 64 1690:Jumping Flash! 1648:virtual camera 1642: 1639: 1613:Wolfenstein 3D 1464:, designed by 1396:'s platformer 1370: 1367: 1203: 1200: 1166:, released by 1163:Commander Keen 1160:. It inspired 1097:physics system 1010: 1007: 971:grappling hook 902:, a sequel to 860:Legend of Kage 590: 587: 553:home computers 537:scrolling pans 398: 395: 393: 390: 361:Gunstar Heroes 268:Video Invaders 230: 227: 223:endless runner 172: 169: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8744: 8733: 8730: 8728: 8725: 8724: 8722: 8703: 8700: 8698: 8695: 8693: 8690: 8688: 8685: 8683: 8680: 8679: 8677: 8673: 8667: 8664: 8662: 8659: 8657: 8654: 8650: 8647: 8645: 8642: 8641: 8640: 8637: 8635: 8632: 8630: 8629: 8625: 8623: 8622: 8618: 8616: 8613: 8611: 8608: 8604: 8601: 8600: 8599: 8596: 8595: 8593: 8589: 8581: 8578: 8576: 8574: 8570: 8569: 8568: 8565: 8563: 8560: 8559: 8557: 8553: 8547: 8546:Single-player 8544: 8540: 8537: 8535: 8532: 8530: 8527: 8526: 8525: 8522: 8521: 8519: 8515: 8507: 8504: 8502: 8499: 8497: 8494: 8493: 8492: 8489: 8487: 8484: 8482: 8479: 8477: 8474: 8470: 8469: 8465: 8464: 8463: 8460: 8458: 8457: 8453: 8451: 8448: 8446: 8443: 8441: 8438: 8436: 8433: 8431: 8428: 8426: 8425: 8421: 8419: 8416: 8415: 8413: 8409: 8406: 8402: 8396: 8393: 8391: 8388: 8386: 8383: 8381: 8378: 8376: 8373: 8369: 8366: 8365: 8364: 8361: 8359: 8356: 8352: 8349: 8348: 8347: 8344: 8342: 8339: 8337: 8334: 8333: 8331: 8327: 8319: 8316: 8315: 8314: 8311: 8307: 8304: 8303: 8302: 8299: 8297: 8294: 8292: 8291:Tower defense 8289: 8287: 8284: 8282: 8279: 8275: 8272: 8271: 8270: 8267: 8265: 8262: 8260: 8257: 8255: 8252: 8251: 8249: 8247: 8243: 8233: 8232:Immersive sim 8230: 8228: 8225: 8224: 8222: 8218: 8212: 8209: 8207: 8204: 8202: 8199: 8195: 8192: 8190: 8187: 8185: 8182: 8181: 8180: 8177: 8176: 8174: 8172: 8168: 8160: 8157: 8155: 8152: 8151: 8150: 8147: 8145: 8142: 8141: 8139: 8137: 8133: 8127: 8124: 8122: 8121:City-building 8119: 8117: 8114: 8113: 8111: 8109: 8105: 8099: 8096: 8094: 8091: 8089: 8086: 8084: 8081: 8079: 8076: 8075: 8073: 8071: 8067: 8064: 8062: 8058: 8052: 8049: 8045: 8042: 8041: 8040: 8037: 8035: 8032: 8030: 8027: 8025: 8024:Dungeon crawl 8022: 8018: 8015: 8013: 8010: 8009: 8008: 8005: 8004: 8002: 8000: 7996: 7990: 7989:Tile-matching 7987: 7985: 7984: 7980: 7978: 7977:Hidden object 7975: 7974: 7972: 7970: 7966: 7960: 7957: 7953: 7950: 7949: 7948: 7947:Deck-building 7945: 7944: 7942: 7940: 7936: 7930: 7927: 7925: 7922: 7920: 7917: 7915: 7912: 7910: 7907: 7905: 7902: 7901: 7899: 7897: 7893: 7887: 7884: 7882: 7880: 7876: 7875: 7873: 7871: 7867: 7862: 7848: 7845: 7843: 7840: 7836: 7834: 7830: 7829: 7828: 7825: 7821: 7818: 7817: 7816: 7813: 7809: 7806: 7805: 7804: 7801: 7800: 7798: 7794: 7788: 7785: 7783: 7782:Battle royale 7780: 7779: 7777: 7775: 7771: 7765: 7762: 7760: 7757: 7753: 7750: 7748: 7745: 7743: 7740: 7739: 7738: 7735: 7733: 7730: 7728: 7725: 7723: 7720: 7718: 7715: 7714: 7712: 7710: 7706: 7700: 7697: 7695: 7692: 7691: 7689: 7687: 7683: 7680: 7678: 7674: 7668: 7665: 7664: 7661: 7657: 7650: 7645: 7643: 7638: 7636: 7631: 7630: 7627: 7621: 7620: 7615: 7612: 7610: 7606: 7603: 7601: 7597: 7594: 7593: 7589: 7572: 7568: 7564: 7557: 7554: 7541: 7537: 7533: 7526: 7523: 7510: 7506: 7502: 7495: 7492: 7479: 7476:(in Korean). 7475: 7471: 7461: 7458: 7445: 7441: 7440: 7435: 7428: 7426: 7422: 7418: 7413: 7410: 7397: 7393: 7392: 7387: 7380: 7377: 7365: 7361: 7360: 7355: 7348: 7345: 7334:on 2016-06-27 7333: 7329: 7325: 7318: 7316: 7312: 7299: 7295: 7291: 7285: 7282: 7276: 7273: 7262:on 2008-07-25 7261: 7257: 7256: 7251: 7244: 7241: 7237: 7234: 7230: 7227: 7221: 7218: 7214: 7210: 7207: 7201: 7198: 7185: 7181: 7180: 7175: 7168: 7165: 7154: 7150: 7143: 7140: 7128: 7124: 7120: 7113: 7110: 7099:on 2016-06-27 7098: 7094: 7087: 7084: 7073:on 2009-07-17 7072: 7068: 7061: 7058: 7046: 7042: 7041: 7036: 7029: 7026: 7015:on 2011-06-05 7014: 7010: 7009: 7004: 6997: 6994: 6982: 6978: 6977: 6972: 6965: 6962: 6949: 6945: 6938: 6935: 6924: 6918: 6915: 6910: 6909: 6904: 6898: 6895: 6883: 6882: 6877: 6871: 6868: 6863: 6862: 6855: 6852: 6847: 6841: 6837: 6836: 6828: 6825: 6813: 6809: 6803: 6800: 6788: 6784: 6778: 6775: 6770: 6766: 6765: 6757: 6754: 6742:on 9 May 2008 6741: 6737: 6733: 6726: 6723: 6707: 6700: 6693: 6690: 6674: 6670: 6663: 6656: 6653: 6637: 6633: 6626: 6619: 6617: 6613: 6602: 6598: 6592: 6589: 6578: 6574: 6567: 6564: 6553: 6549: 6542: 6539: 6528:on 2011-06-19 6527: 6523: 6517: 6514: 6509: 6505: 6501: 6495: 6492: 6480: 6479:Nintendo Life 6476: 6470: 6467: 6457: 6456: 6449: 6446: 6441: 6437: 6430: 6428: 6424: 6413:on 2019-01-09 6412: 6408: 6402: 6399: 6386: 6382: 6381: 6376: 6369: 6366: 6355:on 2012-01-09 6354: 6350: 6343: 6340: 6325: 6321: 6314: 6308: 6306: 6302: 6290: 6286: 6282: 6281: 6276: 6270: 6267: 6255: 6251: 6247: 6246: 6241: 6235: 6232: 6220: 6216: 6212: 6211: 6206: 6200: 6197: 6193: 6189: 6185: 6182: 6177: 6174: 6162: 6158: 6157: 6152: 6145: 6142: 6130: 6129: 6124: 6117: 6115: 6111: 6100: 6096: 6089: 6086: 6074: 6070: 6064: 6061: 6049: 6045: 6039: 6036: 6025:on 2007-10-19 6024: 6020: 6016: 6010: 6007: 5995: 5992:. Magic Box. 5991: 5985: 5982: 5971:on 2012-04-20 5967: 5963: 5956: 5953: 5942: 5938: 5932: 5929: 5925: 5921: 5918: 5912: 5909: 5896: 5892: 5888: 5882: 5879: 5866: 5862: 5858: 5851: 5848: 5837:on 2007-09-27 5836: 5832: 5831: 5826: 5820: 5817: 5813: 5809: 5805: 5802: 5799:Travis Fahs, 5796: 5794: 5790: 5778: 5774: 5768: 5765: 5753: 5749: 5745: 5739: 5736: 5725:on 2007-09-27 5724: 5720: 5713: 5710: 5698: 5694: 5687: 5684: 5679: 5675: 5674: 5669: 5663: 5660: 5655: 5651: 5650: 5645: 5639: 5637: 5633: 5629: 5623: 5621: 5617: 5614: 5610: 5605: 5602: 5599: 5595: 5590: 5587: 5574: 5570: 5566: 5560: 5557: 5554: 5550: 5545: 5543: 5541: 5537: 5532: 5528: 5527: 5522: 5516: 5514: 5510: 5507: 5503: 5502: 5496: 5494: 5492: 5488: 5477:on 2011-05-25 5476: 5472: 5465: 5462: 5451:on 2009-01-01 5450: 5446: 5439: 5436: 5424: 5420: 5414: 5411: 5399: 5395: 5391: 5385: 5382: 5370: 5366: 5362: 5356: 5353: 5341: 5337: 5336: 5331: 5325: 5322: 5310: 5306: 5300: 5297: 5289:September 17, 5284: 5280: 5276: 5269: 5266: 5254: 5248: 5245: 5232: 5228: 5224: 5217: 5214: 5201: 5197: 5193: 5186: 5183: 5172:on 2016-03-11 5171: 5167: 5161: 5158: 5146: 5142: 5138: 5131: 5129: 5125: 5113: 5109: 5103: 5100: 5097: 5093: 5092: 5091:Shadow Dancer 5086: 5083: 5078: 5071: 5068: 5055: 5051: 5045: 5043: 5039: 5027: 5023: 5017: 5014: 5010: 5006: 5003: 4998: 4995: 4982: 4978: 4974: 4968: 4966: 4962: 4957: 4956: 4940: 4936: 4929: 4927: 4925: 4923: 4919: 4907: 4903: 4902:"Major Havoc" 4897: 4894: 4882: 4878: 4874: 4868: 4865: 4861: 4857: 4853: 4850: 4845: 4843: 4839: 4835: 4831: 4828: 4825:Kurt Kalata, 4822: 4819: 4806: 4802: 4795: 4792: 4779: 4775: 4771: 4764: 4761: 4749: 4743: 4739: 4738: 4730: 4727: 4715: 4711: 4707: 4701: 4698: 4686: 4682: 4678: 4672: 4669: 4657: 4653: 4649: 4643: 4640: 4635: 4631: 4625: 4622: 4617: 4616: 4608: 4605: 4600: 4599: 4591: 4588: 4576: 4572: 4566: 4563: 4552:on 2008-04-12 4551: 4547: 4541: 4538: 4527:on 2012-03-09 4526: 4522: 4516: 4514: 4510: 4498: 4494: 4493: 4486: 4483: 4472: 4468: 4461: 4458: 4446: 4442: 4438: 4432: 4429: 4417: 4413: 4407: 4404: 4391: 4387: 4383: 4377: 4374: 4362: 4358: 4357:"Donkey Kong" 4352: 4349: 4344: 4338: 4335: 4332: 4328: 4327: 4326:Crazy Climber 4321: 4318: 4313: 4311:0-88134-117-7 4307: 4303: 4302: 4297: 4291: 4288: 4283: 4279: 4278: 4273: 4267: 4264: 4256: 4252: 4251: 4243: 4237: 4234: 4229: 4227:9780744004243 4223: 4219: 4215: 4208: 4205: 4200: 4199: 4194: 4188: 4185: 4180: 4179: 4174: 4173:"Now Playing" 4168: 4165: 4161: 4159: 4153: 4152: 4145: 4142: 4137: 4131: 4127: 4123: 4122: 4114: 4111: 4106: 4102: 4096: 4093: 4088: 4084: 4080: 4074: 4071: 4066: 4062: 4056: 4053: 4041: 4037: 4033: 4029: 4023: 4020: 4015: 4009: 4005: 4001: 4000: 3992: 3990: 3986: 3981: 3980: 3975: 3969: 3966: 3961: 3959:9780262028776 3955: 3951: 3947: 3940: 3938: 3934: 3921: 3917: 3916: 3911: 3904: 3901: 3896: 3895: 3887: 3884: 3872: 3871: 3866: 3859: 3856: 3851: 3845: 3841: 3837: 3830: 3828: 3826: 3822: 3810: 3806: 3805: 3800: 3794: 3792: 3790: 3786: 3782: 3778: 3777:Master System 3772: 3769: 3758: 3754: 3748: 3745: 3738: 3734: 3731: 3730: 3726: 3724: 3722: 3721: 3716: 3715: 3710: 3705: 3704: 3696: 3695: 3694:Mirror's Edge 3687: 3683: 3682: 3677: 3676: 3670: 3667: 3662: 3660: 3656: 3655: 3650: 3649: 3644: 3643: 3638: 3637: 3632: 3631: 3626: 3621: 3619: 3612: 3600: 3598: 3596: 3595: 3590: 3589: 3584: 3583: 3578: 3574: 3571: 3570: 3569:Dragon Slayer 3565: 3561: 3557: 3556: 3551: 3547: 3546: 3545:Super Pitfall 3541: 3537: 3536: 3535:Brain Breaker 3531: 3527: 3523: 3522: 3517: 3516: 3515:Simon's Quest 3511: 3510: 3505: 3501: 3497: 3496: 3491: 3486: 3484: 3483: 3479: 3477: 3472: 3471: 3466: 3465: 3460: 3459: 3454: 3453: 3448: 3447: 3442: 3441: 3436: 3432: 3431: 3430:Hollow Knight 3424: 3420: 3419: 3413: 3409: 3408: 3403: 3402: 3395: 3389: 3388: 3382: 3373: 3372: 3367: 3362: 3351: 3341: 3337: 3332: 3328: 3325:This section 3323: 3319: 3314: 3313: 3307: 3305: 3303: 3302: 3297: 3296: 3291: 3290: 3284: 3282: 3278: 3277: 3272: 3271: 3266: 3265: 3260: 3259: 3254: 3250: 3249: 3244: 3243: 3238: 3237: 3232: 3231: 3226: 3224: 3223: 3218: 3214: 3213: 3208: 3207: 3203: 3199: 3195: 3192:. The use of 3191: 3185: 3180: 3175: 3173: 3171: 3170: 3165: 3164: 3159: 3158: 3153: 3152: 3146: 3145: 3144:Bubble Bobble 3140: 3139: 3130: 3128: 3126: 3125: 3120: 3119: 3114: 3113: 3108: 3107: 3102: 3101: 3096: 3095: 3090: 3089: 3084: 3083: 3078: 3077: 3072: 3071: 3066: 3065: 3060: 3059: 3054: 3053: 3048: 3047: 3042: 3041: 3040:Another World 3036: 3035: 3030: 3026: 3025: 3020: 3019: 3014: 3013: 3008: 3006: 3000: 2997: 2993: 2992: 2984: 2976: 2974: 2972: 2968: 2964: 2963: 2958: 2957: 2952: 2951: 2946: 2945: 2944:Earthworm Jim 2940: 2939: 2934: 2933: 2928: 2927: 2922: 2921: 2916: 2915: 2909: 2907: 2906:shoot 'em ups 2903: 2902: 2897: 2896: 2891: 2890: 2885: 2877: 2873: 2872: 2867: 2862: 2854: 2852: 2850: 2846: 2845: 2840: 2839: 2834: 2833: 2828: 2824: 2823: 2818: 2817: 2812: 2808: 2804: 2803: 2798: 2793: 2791: 2790: 2785: 2784: 2779: 2778: 2772: 2771: 2766: 2765: 2760: 2759: 2753: 2751: 2750: 2745: 2743: 2739: 2735: 2734: 2729: 2728: 2723: 2719: 2717: 2709: 2708: 2689: 2681: 2679: 2672: 2670: 2668: 2667:battle royale 2664: 2663: 2658: 2657: 2656:Psychonauts 2 2652: 2651:PlayStation 5 2648: 2647: 2642: 2641: 2636: 2632: 2631: 2626: 2625: 2624:Bowser's Fury 2620: 2619: 2614: 2613: 2608: 2607: 2602: 2601: 2595: 2593: 2592: 2587: 2586: 2581: 2580: 2575: 2574: 2569: 2565: 2564: 2559: 2558: 2553: 2549: 2548: 2543: 2539: 2535: 2534: 2533:A Hat in Time 2529: 2528: 2522: 2520: 2519: 2514: 2510: 2509: 2504: 2500: 2495: 2493: 2489: 2488: 2483: 2482: 2477: 2473: 2472: 2467: 2466: 2461: 2460: 2455: 2454: 2449: 2445: 2441: 2440: 2435: 2434: 2429: 2425: 2424: 2419: 2418:Geometry Dash 2415: 2414: 2409: 2408: 2403: 2402: 2397: 2396: 2391: 2390: 2385: 2384: 2379: 2378: 2374: 2372: 2367: 2366: 2361: 2360: 2355: 2350: 2348: 2347: 2342: 2341: 2336: 2335: 2330: 2329: 2324: 2323: 2318: 2317: 2312: 2309:of all time. 2308: 2304: 2300: 2299: 2290: 2289: 2284: 2283: 2278: 2274: 2272: 2271: 2270:Geometry Dash 2266: 2262: 2261: 2256: 2255: 2250: 2249: 2244: 2243: 2238: 2237: 2236:Mirror's Edge 2232: 2228: 2224: 2223: 2218: 2214: 2210: 2206: 2202: 2198: 2197: 2192: 2191: 2182: 2181: 2176: 2169: 2167: 2165: 2161: 2160: 2153: 2151: 2150: 2149:Grim Fandango 2145: 2141: 2137: 2136: 2130: 2128: 2127: 2122: 2121: 2116: 2115: 2110: 2109: 2104: 2100: 2099: 2094: 2090: 2086: 2084: 2080: 2079: 2071: 2070: 2065: 2064: 2059: 2058: 2053: 2052: 2047: 2046: 2041: 2040: 2035: 2034: 2029: 2028: 2023: 2022: 2017: 2016: 2011: 2008:'s take on a 2007: 2003: 2002: 1997: 1996: 1991: 1990: 1984: 1982: 1978: 1977: 1972: 1964: 1962: 1960: 1956: 1952: 1951: 1945: 1943: 1942: 1937: 1933: 1932: 1927: 1926: 1921: 1917: 1916: 1911: 1906: 1904: 1903: 1898: 1894: 1893: 1888: 1884: 1880: 1876: 1872: 1871:Banjo-Kazooie 1868: 1864: 1860: 1859: 1854: 1850: 1849: 1844: 1841:, along with 1840: 1836: 1835: 1830: 1826: 1822: 1817: 1814: 1813:Banjo Kazooie 1810: 1806: 1805: 1800: 1799: 1794: 1789: 1787: 1786: 1781: 1780: 1775: 1774: 1773:Banjo-Kazooie 1769: 1765: 1761: 1757: 1752: 1750: 1746: 1742: 1741: 1732: 1731: 1726: 1722: 1720: 1716: 1712: 1711: 1706: 1705: 1700: 1699:Jumping Flash 1696: 1692: 1691: 1686: 1682: 1681:Geograph Seal 1677: 1674: 1670: 1666: 1665: 1664:Geograph Seal 1660: 1655: 1653: 1649: 1640: 1638: 1636: 1632: 1628: 1627: 1622: 1617: 1615: 1614: 1609: 1605: 1604: 1603:Fade to Black 1599: 1598: 1593: 1588: 1586: 1585: 1580: 1579: 1574: 1569: 1565: 1564: 1556: 1555: 1550: 1546: 1544: 1540: 1536: 1532: 1528: 1525:, created by 1524: 1523: 1518: 1510: 1509: 1504: 1500: 1498: 1497: 1492: 1487: 1483: 1482: 1481:Space Harrier 1478: 1475: 1471: 1470:Nasir Gebelli 1467: 1463: 1462: 1457: 1452: 1450: 1446: 1442: 1438: 1434: 1433: 1428: 1423: 1421: 1417: 1413: 1409: 1405: 1401: 1400: 1395: 1390: 1388: 1387: 1382: 1381: 1376: 1375:3D platformer 1368: 1366: 1364: 1360: 1359:Yoshi's Story 1356: 1355: 1350: 1349: 1344: 1343: 1338: 1337: 1336:Yoshi's Story 1332: 1328: 1327: 1322: 1321: 1316: 1312: 1308: 1304: 1303: 1298: 1295: 1289: 1287: 1283: 1282: 1277: 1276: 1271: 1267: 1266: 1261: 1257: 1253: 1252: 1247: 1246: 1241: 1240: 1235: 1231: 1227: 1223: 1222: 1217: 1216: 1211: 1210: 1202:Decline of 2D 1201: 1199: 1197: 1193: 1192: 1187: 1186: 1181: 1180: 1179:Duke Nukem II 1175: 1174: 1169: 1165: 1164: 1159: 1155: 1154: 1149: 1144: 1142: 1141: 1136: 1135: 1130: 1129: 1124: 1120: 1116: 1111: 1109: 1105: 1101: 1098: 1094: 1090: 1086: 1085: 1080: 1076: 1072: 1071: 1065: 1063: 1062: 1057: 1053: 1052: 1047: 1043: 1042: 1041:Shadow Dancer 1037: 1033: 1032: 1027: 1026: 1020: 1019:TurboGrafx-16 1016: 1008: 1006: 1004: 1000: 997: 993: 992: 986: 984: 983: 978: 977: 976:Earthworm Jim 972: 968: 967: 962: 958: 954: 950: 946: 942: 938: 937: 932: 927: 925: 921: 917: 916: 911: 910:Telenet Japan 907: 906: 901: 900: 895: 891: 890: 889:Super Pitfall 885: 881: 880: 875: 874: 873:Brain Breaker 869: 864: 862: 861: 856: 852: 851: 846: 841: 839: 838: 833: 832: 827: 826:Dynastic Hero 823: 822: 817: 813: 809: 805: 804: 799: 795: 791: 790: 784: 783: 778: 774: 773: 768: 767:Master System 764: 763: 758: 754: 752: 748: 744: 743: 737: 735: 731: 727: 723: 719: 715: 711: 710: 705: 702:Based on the 700: 698: 694: 690: 686: 685: 680: 676: 672: 671: 665: 663: 659: 655: 654: 649: 645: 644: 638: 635: 631: 630: 625: 624:Hoei/Coreland 621: 617: 616: 607: 606: 601: 596: 588: 586: 584: 583: 578: 574: 573: 568: 564: 560: 559: 554: 550: 549: 548:Jet Set Willy 544: 543: 538: 534: 530: 529: 524: 520: 519: 513: 511: 510: 509:Bubble Bobble 505: 504: 499: 495: 494: 489: 488: 483: 478: 476: 472: 468: 464: 460: 456: 455: 450: 448: 444: 443: 442:Crazy Climber 438: 434: 430: 429: 420: 419: 413: 408: 404: 397:Single screen 396: 391: 389: 387: 386: 381: 380: 375: 374: 369: 368:Platform game 365: 363: 362: 357: 353: 349: 348: 343: 342: 337: 332: 330: 326: 322: 318: 314: 313: 308: 304: 303: 297: 295: 294: 289: 285: 284: 279: 275: 274: 269: 265: 264: 258: 254: 252: 251: 246: 242: 238: 237: 228: 226: 224: 219: 217: 212: 210: 206: 202: 201: 196: 192: 191: 186: 181: 179: 170: 168: 164: 162: 158: 157:platform game 154: 153: 148: 144: 143: 138: 134: 133: 128: 124: 123: 118: 117: 112: 108: 107: 102: 101: 95: 93: 89: 85: 81: 77: 73: 69: 68:platform game 65: 58: 57: 52: 51: 46: 40: 33: 19: 18:Platform Game 8687:Toys-to-life 8627: 8620: 8572: 8517:Player modes 8481:Personalized 8466: 8455: 8423: 8329:Other genres 8259:Auto battler 8227:Falling-sand 8189:Lunar Lander 7999:Role-playing 7982: 7924:Visual novel 7886:Metroidvania 7878: 7832: 7764:Third-person 7737:Shoot 'em up 7722:First-person 7685: 7619:Ars Technica 7617: 7575:. 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Entitled 1568:Sega Saturn 1522:Alpha Waves 1508:Alpha Waves 1441:action game 1331:PlayStation 1320:Pandemonium 1294:Sega Saturn 1270:Castlevania 1251:Mega Man X4 1234:Nintendo 64 1230:PlayStation 1226:Sega Saturn 1168:id Software 1046:Hudson Soft 982:Tomb Raider 939:introduced 884:Pony Canyon 850:Major Havoc 845:vector game 831:Popful Mail 739:Nintendo's 689:Moon Patrol 658:Jungle Hunt 653:Jungle King 643:Moon Patrol 629:Donkey Kong 542:Manic Miner 493:Mario Bros. 482:Donkey Kong 471:Donkey Kong 461:created by 454:Donkey Kong 428:Space Panic 418:Donkey Kong 407:Flip-screen 373:Super Mario 329:Donkey Kong 317:Donkey Kong 312:Apple Panic 288:Donkey Kong 283:Space Panic 257:Donkey Kong 245:Donkey Kong 236:Donkey Kong 205:Donkey Kong 132:Congo Bongo 119:(1982) and 111:Donkey Kong 106:Donkey Kong 100:Space Panic 8721:Categories 8644:Open world 8555:Production 8476:Nonviolent 8159:Sim racing 8126:Government 8061:Simulation 7752:Twin-stick 7686:Platformer 7515:1 February 7370:2011-03-25 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4581:2006-11-21 4571:"Jump Bug" 4556:2008-06-18 4531:2013-01-10 4476:2021-03-29 4451:2018-06-11 4422:2018-06-11 4386:GamesRadar 4367:2006-11-21 4046:2015-03-19 3815:2006-11-21 3762:2021-03-29 3739:References 3714:Temple Run 3609:See also: 3564:The Scheme 3528:'s sci-fi 3464:Cave Story 3384:, such as 3371:Rain World 3359:See also: 3236:Sabre Wulf 3222:Ant Attack 3200:'s arcade 3182:See also: 3163:Snow Bros. 2981:See also: 2971:Metal Slug 2901:Metal Slug 2859:See also: 2686:See also: 2573:Snake Pass 2503:Frozenbyte 2328:Sonic Rush 2051:Ape Escape 1953:, for its 1531:Infogrames 1245:Mega Man 8 1173:Duke Nukem 953:GamesRadar 941:non-linear 924:cut scenes 816:Wonder Boy 814:elements. 789:Wonder Boy 782:Wonder Boy 728:described 593:See also: 523:Atari 2600 490:and later 437:Nichibutsu 401:See also: 200:BurgerTime 161:platformer 64:platformer 8430:Christian 8418:Advergame 8306:Artillery 8039:Roguelike 8017:Soulslike 7896:Adventure 7732:Light gun 7600:MobyGames 7567:Eurogamer 7505:Eurogamer 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