22:
259:
202:
139:, which is very insoluble in cold water. However, lead chloride is fairly soluble in hot water. For this reason, water that is to be used for drinking or the preparation of food should never be taken from a hot-water tap, if the water may have been in contact with lead. Water should be taken from a cold-water tap, and heated in a pan or kettle that does not contain lead or lead solder.
183:
Moore, M.R., Robertson, S.J., Gilmour, W.H., Murray, G.D., Britton, A., Low,R.A. Watt, G.C.M. Decline of blood lead concentrations in
Glasgow. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health (1998) 52 672-673
128:
While optimal pH for prevention of plumbosolvency is 7.5, performance remains very good in the range pH 7.2-7.6. Achieving this pH has been shown to decrease population blood lead concentrations.(3, 4)
158:
300:
243:
180:
Moore, M.R., Goldberg, A., Fyfe, W.M., and
Richards, W.N. Maternal lead levels after alteration to water supply. Lancet (1981) ii: 203 204 .
293:
43:
93:. In the public supply of water this is an undesirable property. In (usually older) consumers' premises plumbosolvent water can attack
339:
65:
286:
148:
236:
334:
36:
30:
229:
47:
324:
319:
105:
used to join copper. Plumbosolvency of water can be countered by achieving a pH of 7.5 by increasing the
266:
132:
135:
water also reduces dissolved lead. It causes the interiors of lead pipes to become coated with
153:
136:
110:
98:
270:
213:
114:
117:(lye), or by providing a protective coating to the inside of lead pipes by the addition of
122:
258:
201:
329:
313:
209:
118:
82:
189:
Higher secondary chemistry textbook (volume 2) for stateboard students
102:
177:
Moore, M.R. Plumbosolvency of waters. Nature (1973) 243 222 223
86:
186:
Troesken E. "The great lead water pipe disaster" MIT Press (2006)
94:
90:
170:
Rónan Daly, Martin Kimber. "Lead piping and plumbosolvency."
15:
106:
274:
217:
159:
2015 Hong Kong heavy metal in drinking water incidents
294:
237:
8:
301:
287:
244:
230:
174:Volume 63, Issue 1: January/February 2009
66:Learn how and when to remove this message
29:This article includes a list of general
7:
255:
253:
198:
196:
273:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
216:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
35:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
257:
200:
149:Drinking water quality standards
20:
1:
356:
252:
195:
340:Physical chemistry stubs
50:more precise citations.
269:-related article is a
212:–related article is a
81:is the ability of a
335:Water supply stubs
267:physical chemistry
101:, and any lead in
99:lead service lines
282:
281:
225:
224:
172:Engineers Journal
154:Lead service line
76:
75:
68:
347:
303:
296:
289:
261:
254:
246:
239:
232:
204:
197:
115:sodium hydroxide
71:
64:
60:
57:
51:
46:this article by
37:inline citations
24:
23:
16:
355:
354:
350:
349:
348:
346:
345:
344:
325:Water pollution
320:Water chemistry
310:
309:
308:
307:
251:
250:
193:
167:
145:
123:water treatment
72:
61:
55:
52:
42:Please help to
41:
25:
21:
12:
11:
5:
353:
351:
343:
342:
337:
332:
327:
322:
312:
311:
306:
305:
298:
291:
283:
280:
279:
262:
249:
248:
241:
234:
226:
223:
222:
205:
191:
190:
187:
184:
181:
178:
175:
166:
163:
162:
161:
156:
151:
144:
141:
89:, to dissolve
79:Plumbosolvency
74:
73:
28:
26:
19:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
352:
341:
338:
336:
333:
331:
328:
326:
323:
321:
318:
317:
315:
304:
299:
297:
292:
290:
285:
284:
278:
276:
272:
268:
263:
260:
256:
247:
242:
240:
235:
233:
228:
227:
221:
219:
215:
211:
206:
203:
199:
194:
188:
185:
182:
179:
176:
173:
169:
168:
164:
160:
157:
155:
152:
150:
147:
146:
142:
140:
138:
137:lead chloride
134:
130:
126:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
70:
67:
59:
49:
45:
39:
38:
32:
27:
18:
17:
275:expanding it
264:
218:expanding it
210:water supply
207:
192:
171:
133:Chlorinating
131:
127:
78:
77:
62:
56:January 2017
53:
34:
48:introducing
314:Categories
165:References
85:, notably
31:references
119:phosphate
143:See also
125:works.
121:at the
97:pipes,
83:solvent
44:improve
103:solder
33:, but
265:This
208:This
109:with
87:water
330:Lead
271:stub
214:stub
111:lime
95:lead
91:lead
113:or
316::
107:pH
302:e
295:t
288:v
277:.
245:e
238:t
231:v
220:.
69:)
63:(
58:)
54:(
40:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.