1122:
1002:
5751:
1032:
2460:
1092:
1062:
5763:
1746:(bismuthine), each pnictogen hydride becomes progressively less stable (more unstable), more toxic, and has a smaller hydrogen-hydrogen angle (from 107.8° in ammonia to 90.48° in bismuthane). (Also, technically, only ammonia and phosphane have the pnictogen in the −3 oxidation state because, for the rest, the pnictogen is less electronegative than hydrogen.)
2176:
The pnictogens exemplify the transition from nonmetal to metal going down the periodic table: a gaseous diatomic nonmetal (N), two elements displaying many allotropes of varying conductivities and structures (P and As), and then at least two elements that only form metallic structures in bulk (Sb and
2517:
Antimony makes up 0.2 parts per million of the earth's crust, making it the 63rd most abundant element. The soils contain 1 part per million of antimony on average, and seawater contains 300 parts per trillion on average. A typical human has 28 parts per billion of antimony by weight. Some elemental
1687:
The light pnictogens (nitrogen, phosphorus, and arsenic) tend to form −3 charges when reduced, completing their octet. When oxidized or ionized, pnictogens typically take an oxidation state of +3 (by losing all three p-shell electrons in the valence shell) or +5 (by losing all three p-shell and both
2497:
Arsenic constitutes 1.5 parts per million of the Earth's crust, making it the 53rd most abundant element. The soils hold 1 to 10 parts per million of arsenic, and seawater carries 1.6 parts per billion of arsenic. Arsenic comprises 100 parts per billion of a typical human by weight. Some arsenic
1622:
that are not easily processed by the liver, where they accumulate. Paradoxically, this same strong bonding causes nitrogen's and bismuth's reduced toxicity (when in molecules), because these strong bonds with other atoms are difficult to split, creating very unreactive molecules. For example,
1503:
This group has a defining characteristic whereby each component element has 5 electrons in its valence shell, that is, 2 electrons in the s sub-shell and 3 unpaired electrons in the p sub-shell. They are therefore 3 electrons shy of filling their valence shell in their
1910:. Moscovium(III) is predicted to behave similarly to bismuth(III). Moscovium is predicted to form all four trihalides, of which all but the trifluoride are predicted to be soluble in water. It is also predicted to form an oxychloride and oxybromide in the +III oxidation state.
2521:
Bismuth makes up 48 parts per billion of the earth's crust, making it the 70th most abundant element. The soils contain approximately 0.25 parts per million of bismuth, and seawater contains 400 parts per trillion of bismuth. Bismuth most commonly occurs as the mineral
2846:; however some of its organic compounds can promote growth in chickens. The lethal dose of arsenic for a typical adult is 200 mg and can cause diarrhea, vomiting, colic, dehydration, and coma. Death from arsenic poisoning typically occurs within a day.
2602:. If the ore contains 45% to 60% antimony by weight, antimony is obtained by heating the ore, also known as liquidation. Ores with more than 60% antimony by weight are chemically displaced with iron shavings from the molten ore, resulting in impure metal.
2403:
in the early 1950s. It is also spelled "pnicogen" or "pnigogen". The term "pnicogen" is rarer than the term "pnictogen", and the ratio of academic research papers using "pnictogen" to those using "pnicogen" is 2.5 to 1. It comes from the
2196:
of the pnictogens increase towards the heavier pnictogens. Nitrogen's density is 0.001251 g/cm at STP. Phosphorus's density is 1.82 g/cm at STP, arsenic's is 5.72 g/cm, antimony's is 6.68 g/cm, and bismuth's is 9.79 g/cm.
2597:
With sulfide ores, the method by which antimony is produced depends on the amount of antimony in the raw ore. If the ore contains 25% to 45% antimony by weight, then crude antimony is produced by smelting the ore in a
2876:, although consuming too much of it can damage the liver. Only one person has ever been reported to have died from bismuth poisoning. However, consumption of soluble bismuth salts can turn a person's gums black.
2298:
first discovered phosphorus in
Hamburg in 1669. Brandt produced the element by heating evaporated urine and condensing the resulting phosphorus vapor in water. Brandt initially thought that he had discovered the
2620:
Bismuth minerals do occur, in particular in the form of sulfides and oxides, but it is more economic to produce bismuth as a by-product of the smelting of lead ores or, as in China, of tungsten and zinc ores.
2208:
at standard pressure; it does this at 603 °C. Antimony's melting point is 631 °C and its boiling point is 1587 °C. Bismuth's melting point is 271 °C and its boiling point is 1564 °C.
2431:
respectively, "suffocating substance": i.e., substance in air, unsupportive of breathing). Hence, "pnictogen" could be translated as "suffocation maker". The word "pnictide" also comes from the same root.
2605:
If an oxide ore of antimony contains less than 30% antimony by weight, the ore is reduced in a blast furnace. If the ore contains closer to 50% antimony by weight, the ore is instead reduced in a
1835:
being explosive—nitrogen triiodide being so shock-sensitive that the touch of a feather detonates it (the last three actually feature nitrogen in the -3 oxidation state). Phosphorus forms
1688:
s-shell electrons in the valence shell). However heavier pnictogens are more likely to form the +3 oxidation state than lighter ones due to the s-shell electrons becoming more stabilized.
2185:, except for nitrogen which is gaseous at room temperature. Nitrogen and bismuth, despite both being pnictogens, are very different in their physical properties. For instance, at
2753:. Humans consume approximately 1 g of phosphorus per day. Phosphorus is found in foods such as fish, liver, turkey, chicken, and eggs. Phosphate deficiency is a problem known as
2774:
Bismuth is not known to have a biological role. Humans ingest on average less than 20 μg of bismuth per day. There is less than 500 μg of bismuth in a typical 70 kg human.
5556:
2589:, from which arsenic can be extracted via carbon reduction. However, it is also possible to make metallic arsenic by heating arsenopyrite at 650 to 700 °C without oxygen.
2204:
is −210 °C and its boiling point is −196 °C. Phosphorus has a melting point of 44 °C and a boiling point of 280 °C. Arsenic is one of only two elements to
5566:
2771:
Antimony is not known to have a biological role. Plants take up only trace amounts of antimony. There are approximately 2 mg of antimony in a typical 70 kg human.
5616:
1555:
at elevated temperatures and ferromagnetic at room temperature); the former compounds are usually transparent and the latter metallic. Other pnictides include the ternary
5713:
5591:
3714:
2927:
2913:
1339:
5596:
5571:
5017:
5551:
5267:
2819:
of phosphorus, is toxic, with 1 mg per kg bodyweight being a lethal dose. White phosphorus usually kills humans within a week of ingestion by attacking the
5680:
2738:
occur in some plants, due to bacteria present in the nodes of the plant. This is seen in leguminous plants such as peas or spinach and lettuce. A typical 70
5690:
5685:
2471:, 5 parts per million of soil on average, 100 to 500 parts per trillion of seawater, and 78% of dry air. Most nitrogen on Earth is in nitrogen gas, but some
5626:
5586:
5581:
5541:
2167:
electrons. This is predicted to cause +I to be a common oxidation state for moscovium, although it also occurs to a lesser extent for bismuth and nitrogen.
5601:
5536:
5322:
2777:
Moscovium is too unstable to occur in nature or have a known biological role. Moscovium does not typically occur in organisms in any meaningful amount.
1121:
5695:
5675:
5462:
2479:
5531:
5495:
2861:
in a victim, who then appears to recover before dying several days later. Antimony attaches itself to certain enzymes and is difficult to dislodge.
2284:, isolated nitrogen from air, but neither realized the presence of an undiscovered element. It was not until several years later, in 1772, that
5576:
5526:
3534:
5621:
5546:
5457:
3707:
3384:
3215:
3183:
3143:
1963:
is only theoretical and has not been synthesized. The "true" +5 state is more common for the essentially non-relativistic typical pnictogens
1884:
1676:
5800:
5055:
5010:
2997:. Wiley Series in Materials for Electronic & Optoelectronic Applications. Vol. 15. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.
2918:
1618:, most evident in phosphorus, arsenic, and antimony. When these substances react with various chemicals of the body, they create strong
5490:
5447:
3010:
3613:
3450:
3063:
2935:
2186:
1770:
5766:
5663:
3096:
3232:
1890:
The +3 oxidation state is bismuth's most common oxidation state because its ability to form the +5 oxidation state is hindered by
6019:
3700:
1347:
5611:
5485:
5648:
5003:
3321:
2205:
2040:
2024:
1891:
2697:
Antimony currency was briefly used in the 1930s in parts of China, but was discontinued as antimony is both soft and toxic.
1001:
5640:
5561:
5451:
5670:
2248:); and all known isotopes of moscovium are synthetic and highly radioactive. In addition to these isotopes, traces of
2225:
1951:, as the high electronegativity of nitrogen causes the electrons to be shared almost evenly. Pnictogen compounds with
2357:
2344:
Bismuth was first discovered by an alchemist in 1400. Within 80 years of bismuth's discovery, it had applications in
5505:
2923:
2148:, where half of the antimony atoms are in the +3 oxidation state, and the other half are in the +5 oxidation state.
5438:
3411:
2894:
2832:
2416:(choke, strangle), and thus the word "pnictogen" is also a reference to the Dutch and German names for nitrogen (
2482:. Phosphorus comprises 0.65 parts per million of soil and 15 to 60 parts per billion of seawater. There are 200
5793:
5040:
2356:
were also using bismuth in knives by 1500. Bismuth was originally thought to be the same as lead, but in 1753,
2217:
1988:
2395:) meaning "to choke", referring to the choking or stifling property of nitrogen gas. It can also be used as a
2091:, and organic derivatives of the two, the nitrogen or phosphorus atoms have the −2 oxidation state. Likewise,
1031:
6014:
5754:
5723:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5217:
5174:
5045:
2688:
2547:
2349:
2012:
986:
3445:, translated by Eagleson, Mary; Brewer, William, San Diego/Berlin: Academic Press/De Gruyter, p. 586,
5244:
5071:
2798:
2750:
2400:
2300:
2145:
2073:
2020:
1996:
1960:
1402:
1296:
1278:
964:
948:
919:
3079:
Jerzembeck W, Bürger H, Constantin L, Margulès L, Demaison J, Breidung J, Thiel W (2002). "Bismuthine BiH
2325:
Antimony was well known to the ancients. A 5000-year-old vase made of nearly pure antimony exists in the
2276:(ammonium chloride) has been known since the time of the Ancient Egyptians. In the 1760s two scientists,
2059:. This effect is even more pronounced for moscovium, prohibiting it from attaining a +5 oxidation state.
5718:
5299:
3207:
2790:
2700:
2630:
2606:
2559:
2052:
1992:
2660:
accounts for about 1–2% of the world's energy consumption and the majority of reduced nitrogen in food.
3041:
2490:
on earth. Phosphorus makes up 1.1% of a typical human by weight. Phosphorus occurs in minerals of the
2048:
1362:
physics, it is still usually called Group V. The "five" ("V") in the historical names comes from the "
5400:
5084:
3743:
3565:
3415:
2998:
2674:
2563:
2221:
2131:
2008:
1956:
1941:
1907:
1872:
1868:
1824:
1820:
1774:
1375:
1354:, which the IUPAC had recommended in 1970. (Pronounced "group five A" and "group five B"; "V" is the
1061:
3542:
6009:
5786:
5317:
2939:
2135:
2072:
in which the nitrogen can take on a variety of oxidation states, including +II, +IV, and even some
2032:
2000:
1976:
1952:
1899:
1876:
1836:
1828:
1812:
1363:
2399:
for the two most common members, P and N. The term "pnictogen" was suggested by the Dutch chemist
5405:
5365:
3484:
2975:
2843:
2824:
2408:
2141:
2056:
2036:
2028:
2004:
1903:
1895:
1880:
1856:
1832:
1600:
1556:
1175:
1091:
2952:
1283:
5500:
5370:
4594:
3661:
3609:
3581:
3446:
3380:
3317:
3211:
3179:
3175:
3139:
3100:
3059:
3006:
2931:
2711:
2710:
Bismuth chalcogenides are being studied in cancerous mice as a candidate for use in improving
2530:
2285:
2213:
2044:
1984:
1940:
For nitrogen, the +5 state is typically serves as only a formal explanation of molecules like
1860:
1844:
1762:
1754:
1723:
1371:
1182:
620:
2055:
to be more reactive than the other pnictogen pentafluorides, making it an extremely powerful
5735:
5658:
5653:
5477:
5429:
5294:
5252:
5212:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5192:
5187:
5182:
5134:
5129:
5124:
4658:
4363:
4192:
4021:
3940:
3859:
3832:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3651:
3641:
3573:
3423:
3247:
3199:
3131:
3092:
2967:
2812:
2802:
2754:
2579:
2468:
2281:
2182:
1980:
1840:
1778:
1646:
1420:
1292:
1242:
1201:
1144:
1114:
1084:
1054:
1024:
994:
5606:
5467:
5119:
5114:
5109:
5104:
5099:
5094:
5089:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3028:
2668:
2642:
2472:
2319:
2277:
2077:
1758:
1750:
3577:
3569:
3419:
3002:
5415:
5410:
5380:
5375:
5360:
5026:
3723:
3656:
3629:
2405:
2237:
2156:
2151:
It is expected that moscovium will have an inert-pair effect for both the 7s and the 7p
2069:
1426:
1355:
1300:
1046:
1016:
3083:: Fact or Fiction? High-Resolution Infrared, Millimeter-Wave, and Ab Initio Studies".
6003:
4817:
3168:
3119:
2793:. The build-up of nitrogen bubbles in the blood, such as those that may occur during
2761:
2657:
2599:
2380:
2364:
2295:
2257:
2253:
2201:
1852:
1604:
1593:
1415:
1406:
1367:
1359:
790:
2979:
2189:
nitrogen is a transparent non-metallic gas, while bismuth is a silvery-white metal.
5730:
5395:
5390:
5144:
5079:
4871:
4700:
4405:
3805:
3738:
2794:
2704:
2575:
2523:
2507:
2307:
2273:
2241:
1816:
1619:
1581:
1552:
899:
832:
699:
473:
3679:
1847:, although the triiodide is unstable. Arsenic forms +III compounds with oxygen as
2306:
Arsenic compounds have been known for at least 5000 years, and the ancient Greek
1894:, effects that are even more pronounced concerning moscovium. Bismuth(III) forms
5510:
5385:
5139:
4925:
4889:
4880:
4790:
4772:
4763:
3800:
3556:
Oganessian, Yu Ts; Utyonkov, V K (9 March 2015). "Superheavy
Element Research".
3233:"Predicted properties of the superheavy elements. III. Element 115, Eka-bismuth"
2888:
2831:", which eats away the jawbone. White phosphorus is also highly flammable. Some
2731:
2681:
2459:
2261:
2249:
2245:
2088:
1766:
1672:
1611:
1607:
1585:
1548:
1509:
1136:
874:
846:
839:
769:
755:
748:
3628:
Huang, Jia; Huang, Qiong; Liu, Min; Chen, Qiaohui; Ai, Kelong (February 2022).
5858:
5284:
4934:
4862:
4835:
4808:
4468:
4450:
4423:
4254:
4245:
3984:
3646:
3466:
2828:
2368:
2338:
1964:
1935:
1931:
1864:
1806:
1802:
1743:
1713:
1709:
1650:
1589:
1532:
1316:
1036:
881:
825:
804:
783:
522:
508:
487:
359:
352:
153:
3502:
3120:"Superheavy elements: a prediction of their chemical and physical properties"
2717:
Moscovium is too unstable and scarce to have any known practical application.
2612:
Antimony ores with mixed sulfides and oxides are smelted in a blast furnace.
1653:
permits a pnictogen to accept three electrons on covalent bonding. As 5
1588:
element and Pn is any pnictogen except nitrogen. These compounds are between
5966:
5340:
5309:
5164:
5154:
4943:
4916:
4907:
4754:
4736:
4727:
4718:
4504:
4414:
4387:
4335:
4281:
4263:
4227:
4207:
4146:
4083:
4027:
3966:
3955:
3874:
3825:
3815:
2971:
2816:
2806:
2746:
2646:
2633:
by firing a beam of calcium-48 ions at americium-243 until the nuclei fuse.
2498:
exists in elemental form, but most arsenic is found in the arsenic minerals
2487:
2483:
2260:
occur in nature, along with various bismuth isotopes (other than Bi) in the
2084:
2016:
1923:
1794:
1731:
1701:
1658:
1639:
1332:
1288:
1149:
1106:
1076:
907:
888:
867:
860:
741:
727:
720:
713:
550:
480:
459:
422:
380:
366:
338:
320:
276:
227:
183:
139:
130:
70:
17:
3665:
3585:
3467:"nitrogen – Definition, Symbol, Uses, Properties, Atomic Number, and Facts"
3402:
Girolami, Gregory S. (2009). "Origin of the Terms
Pnictogen and Pnictide".
3104:
1401:
Like other groups, the members of this family manifest similar patterns in
3520:
3097:
10.1002/1521-3773(20020715)41:14<2550::AID-ANIE2550>3.0.CO;2-B
5912:
5827:
5332:
5289:
4898:
4799:
4682:
4664:
4639:
4630:
4603:
4576:
4540:
4531:
4513:
4441:
4432:
4326:
4198:
4164:
4074:
4065:
4056:
4047:
4002:
3921:
3903:
3838:
2873:
2858:
2786:
2765:
2739:
2511:
2499:
2396:
2345:
2334:
2315:
2047:, so that the 6s electrons are reluctant to bond chemically. This causes
1972:
1927:
1848:
1798:
1719:
1705:
1662:
1631:
1615:
1528:
1324:
1312:
1096:
1006:
853:
776:
685:
671:
655:
648:
627:
606:
578:
571:
557:
501:
494:
415:
313:
290:
220:
213:
206:
199:
167:
107:
93:
45:
3630:"Emerging Bismuth Chalcogenides Based Nanodrugs for Cancer Radiotherapy"
3251:
2726:
Nitrogen is a component of molecules critical to life on earth, such as
5939:
5885:
5159:
4980:
4975:
4970:
4965:
4853:
4844:
4826:
4781:
4709:
4691:
4621:
4567:
4549:
4522:
4495:
4477:
4459:
4369:
4299:
4272:
4236:
4218:
4182:
4173:
4155:
4137:
4036:
3975:
3865:
3820:
3427:
3135:
2862:
2735:
2684:
pigment, which has since been discontinued due to its extreme toxicity.
2653:
2503:
2491:
2330:
2311:
2292:
2193:
2103:
2096:
2092:
2039:. However, for bismuth, the +5 oxidation state becomes rare due to the
1968:
1919:
1790:
1739:
1727:
1697:
1531:(N), which in its diatomic form is the principal component of air, and
1328:
1320:
1126:
1066:
818:
811:
797:
762:
706:
692:
641:
599:
585:
564:
543:
529:
515:
445:
394:
373:
345:
331:
304:
297:
283:
269:
190:
146:
63:
2764:. Arsenic has been shown to be helpful in metabolizing the amino acid
1551:
systems (such as BN or GaN) and magnetically ordered systems (MnSb is
4745:
4673:
4558:
4486:
4396:
4378:
4344:
4308:
4290:
4119:
4110:
4101:
3993:
3946:
3912:
3894:
3849:
2854:
2836:
2326:
1735:
734:
678:
592:
536:
466:
452:
429:
401:
387:
255:
248:
241:
160:
123:
100:
86:
54:
3441:
Holleman, Arnold
Frederik; Wiberg, Egon (2001), Wiberg, Nils (ed.),
1634:
form of nitrogen, is used as an inert gas in situations where using
1535:(P), which, like nitrogen, is essential to all known forms of life.
2106:
has arsenic–arsenic bonds, so the arsenic's oxidation state is +II.
5276:
4648:
4353:
4011:
3885:
2820:
2789:, but breathing in pure nitrogen gas is deadly, because it causes
2664:
2458:
2353:
2178:
1635:
662:
436:
174:
79:
4995:
3692:
1543:
Binary compounds of the group can be referred to collectively as
4612:
4585:
4128:
4092:
3930:
2850:
2768:. There are 7 mg of arsenic in a typical 70 kg human.
2095:, which has two nitrogen atoms double-bonded to each other, and
634:
613:
262:
234:
114:
5782:
4999:
3696:
1559:(RE) main-group variety of pnictides. These are in the form of
1527:
The most important elements of this group to life on Earth are
4317:
2727:
2494:
family, which are the main components of the phosphate rocks.
1547:. Magnetic properties of pnictide compounds span the cases of
1505:
408:
5778:
2879:
Moscovium is too unstable to conduct any toxicity chemistry.
2526:, but bismuth also occurs in elemental form or sulfide ores.
2446:
2440:
2411:
2390:
2384:
3058:(2nd ed.). Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 423.
2478:
Phosphorus is 0.1% of the earth's crust, making it the 11th
2475:
exist. Nitrogen makes up 2.5% of a typical human by weight.
2177:
Bi; probably Mc as well). All the elements in the group are
2823:. Breathing in phosphorus in its gaseous form can cause an
2757:. A typical 70 kg human contains 480 g of phosphorus.
2244:
with a half-life much longer than the age of the universe (
1781:, the second-most widely used semiconductor after silicon.
1614:. This property of these elements leads to their potential
1266:
1260:
1228:
1222:
3307:
3305:
3303:
2363:
Moscovium was successfully produced in 2003 by bombarding
2318:. Elemental arsenic was discovered in the 13th century by
1749:
Crystal solids featuring pnictogens fully reduced include
1263:
1225:
3732:
3599:
3597:
3595:
3044:. Department of Chemistry, Angelo State University, Texas
2760:
Arsenic promotes growth in chickens and rats, and may be
2379:
The term "pnictogen" (or "pnigogen") is derived from the
1811:
Nitrogen forms a limited number of stable III compounds.
1645:
Formation of multiple bonds is facilitated by their five
1251:
1213:
2240:; bismuth has no stable isotopes, but has a primordial
2995:
Properties of Group-IV, III-V and II-VI Semiconductors
2749:
occur in compounds important to life, such as DNA and
2694:
Antimony is alloyed with lead to produce some bullets.
2303:, but eventually realized that this was not the case.
2015:. Phosphorus even forms mixed oxide-halides, known as
27:
Group 15 elements of the periodic table with valency 5
1512:
of the ground state in all elements in the group is S
1269:
1254:
1248:
1231:
1216:
1210:
2558:
The principal method for producing phosphorus is to
1596:
compounds and thus have unusual bonding properties.
1257:
1219:
1207:
5706:
5639:
5519:
5476:
5437:
5428:
5353:
5331:
5308:
5275:
5265:
5243:
5173:
5070:
5063:
5054:
5033:
3397:
3395:
1859:, and it forms all four trihalides. Antimony forms
1245:
1204:
3167:
1661:unless there is a positive charge around (like in
3686:. NIH–National Library of Medicine. 9 April 2020.
2914:International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
2656:is a nutrient critical to most plants' survival.
3287:
3285:
3283:
3281:
3024:
3022:
2574:Most arsenic is prepared by heating the mineral
2236:All pnictogens up to antimony have at least one
2163:electron is noticeably lower than that of the 7p
1675:, effects of the lone pair typically results in
3279:
3277:
3275:
3273:
3271:
3269:
3267:
3265:
3263:
3261:
3124:Recent Impact of Physics on Inorganic Chemistry
2897:, ferropnictide and oxypnictide superconductors
2842:Elemental arsenic is toxic, as are many of its
2629:Moscovium is produced a few atoms at a time in
1342:. Before that, in America it was called Group V
1338:Since 1988, it has been called Group 15 by the
2922:(IUPAC Recommendations 2005). Cambridge (UK):
2891:, including superconductors discovered in 2008
2797:, can cause a condition known as the "bends" (
2467:Nitrogen makes up 25 parts per million of the
2329:. Antimony compounds were used in dyes in the
2125:, where the antimony's oxidation state is +II.
2027:. Pentamethylpnictogen(V) compounds exist for
1815:can only be isolated at low temperatures, and
5794:
5011:
3708:
3231:Keller, O. L. Jr.; C. W. Nestor, Jr. (1974).
2857:. When taken in large doses, antimony causes
2360:proved that bismuth was different from lead.
1657: 3, it leaves two unused electrons in a
8:
2423:
2099:have nitrogen in the oxidation state of −1.
1823:is the only stable nitrogen trihalide, with
1409:, resulting in trends in chemical behavior.
3370:
3368:
3366:
3364:
3362:
3360:
3358:
3356:
3354:
3352:
2417:
2288:realized that the gas was indeed nitrogen.
2109:A corresponding compound for antimony is Sb
1892:relativistic properties on heavier elements
1883:, like all pnictogen trihalides, each have
1603:in compounds due to their tendency to form
915:
5818:
5801:
5787:
5779:
5434:
5272:
5067:
5060:
5018:
5004:
4996:
3715:
3701:
3693:
3350:
3348:
3346:
3344:
3342:
3340:
3338:
3336:
3334:
3332:
2224:. Arsenic, antimony, and bismuth all have
1999:. They also form related fluoride-anions,
1346:, owing to a text by H. C. Deming and the
3655:
3645:
3519:Butterman, C.; Carlin, Jr., J.F. (2003).
3465:Sanderson, R. Thomas (February 1, 2019).
2130:Phosphorus has the +1 oxidation state in
2869:, is far more toxic than pure antimony.
2849:Antimony is mildly toxic. Additionally,
2762:essential for humans in small quantities
2742:human contains 1.8 kg of nitrogen.
1665:
1626:
1599:These elements are also noted for their
1574:
1568:
1562:
1411:
1385:. They have also been called the pentels
4815:
2906:
2310:recognized the arsenic minerals called
1350:, while in Europe it was called Group V
4869:
4698:
4403:
3316:, BarCharts Publishing, Incorporated,
3166:Scott, Thomas; Eagleson, Mary (1994).
3054:Greenwood, N.N.; Earnshaw, A. (1997).
2451:, five) was also used for this group.
31:
4923:
4887:
4878:
4788:
4770:
4761:
2953:"New notations in the periodic table"
1885:trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry
1839:which is stable at room temperature,
1677:trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry
1671:). When a pnictogen forms only three
7:
4932:
4860:
4833:
4806:
4466:
4448:
4421:
4252:
4243:
3521:Mineral Commodity Profiles: Antimony
2518:antimony occurs in silver deposits.
2220:. Phosphorus's crystal structure is
1654:
1311:. Group 15 consists of the elements
5762:
4941:
4914:
4905:
4752:
4734:
4725:
4716:
4502:
4412:
4385:
4333:
4279:
4261:
4225:
4205:
4144:
4081:
3982:
3964:
3953:
3872:
2919:Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry
2853:steeped in antimony containers can
2801:). Many nitrogen compounds such as
2680:Arsenic was historically used as a
2578:in the presence of air. This forms
1148:
1028:
4959:
4896:
4797:
4680:
4662:
4637:
4628:
4601:
4574:
4529:
4511:
4439:
4430:
4324:
4196:
4162:
4072:
4054:
4045:
4025:
4000:
3523:. United States Geological Survey.
3029:"Pnicogen – Molecule of the Month"
2691:is sometimes used in chicken feed.
2070:a variety of compounds with oxygen
1867:but not oxyacids. Its trihalides,
1303:. This group is also known as the
1088:
25:
4851:
4842:
4824:
4779:
4689:
4619:
4592:
4565:
4547:
4538:
4520:
4493:
4475:
4457:
4367:
4297:
4270:
4234:
4180:
4171:
4153:
4135:
4063:
4034:
3973:
3919:
3901:
3863:
3836:
2463:A collection of pnictogen samples
1771:aluminum gallium indium phosphide
1118:
1058:
998:
5761:
5750:
5749:
4743:
4707:
4671:
4556:
4484:
4394:
4376:
4306:
4288:
4216:
4117:
4108:
4099:
3944:
3847:
2533:which does not occur naturally.
2043:of the 6s orbitals known as the
1366:" of nitrogen, reflected by the
1348:Sargent-Welch Scientific Company
1241:
1200:
1120:
1090:
1060:
1030:
1000:
4646:
4351:
4342:
4009:
3991:
3910:
3892:
3485:"phosphorus (chemical element)"
2023:, and mixed pentahalides, like
5080:1 (Hydrogen and alkali metals)
4610:
4583:
4126:
4090:
3928:
3883:
3558:Reports on Progress in Physics
3170:Concise encyclopedia chemistry
2134:and the +4 oxidation state in
2025:phosphorus trifluorodichloride
1:
5983:Specific mass: ? 11 g/cm
5981:Boiling Point: ? 1400 K
5622:Thermal expansion coefficient
5318:Lists of metalloids by source
4315:
3578:10.1088/0034-4885/78/3/036301
3404:Journal of Chemical Education
3240:Journal of Physical Chemistry
3174:. Walter de Gruyter. p.
2677:helps feed much of the world.
2562:phosphates with carbon in an
2337:may have been a component of
5979:Melting Point: ? 700 K
3503:"arsenic (chemical element)"
2703:is the active ingredient in
2546:Nitrogen can be produced by
2447:
2391:
2333:times. The antimony mineral
1975:, as shown in their oxides,
1508:state. The Russell-Saunders
5361:Platinum-group metals (PGM)
5064:By periodic table structure
3042:"Group 5A — The Pnictogens"
2809:are also highly dangerous.
2785:Nitrogen gas is completely
1730:. Going down the group, to
1487:
1476:
1465:
1454:
1443:
1432:
6036:
5506:Goldschmidt classification
4214:
4043:
3962:
3881:
3845:
3747:
2960:Pure and Applied Chemistry
2872:Bismuth itself is largely
2835:can fatally block certain
2833:organophosphorus compounds
2745:Phosphorus in the form of
2441:
2412:
2385:
2041:relativistic stabilization
1917:
1788:
1718:Pnictogens can react with
1695:
1282:
328:
196:
136:
76:
51:
5985:Electronegativity: ?
5956:Specific mass: 9.807 g/cm
5950:Atomic Weight: 208.98040
5929:Specific mass: 6.685 g/cm
5902:Specific mass: 5.776 g/cm
5869:Atomic Weight: 30.973762
5816:
5744:
5085:2 (Alkaline earth metals)
4957:
4657:
4362:
4191:
4020:
3939:
3858:
3831:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3742:
3737:
3730:
3647:10.3389/fphar.2022.844037
3634:Frontiers in Pharmacology
3412:American Chemical Society
3204:Chemistry of the Elements
3202:; Earnshaw, Alan (1997).
3126:. Structure and Bonding.
3118:Fricke, Burkhard (1975).
3056:Chemistry of the Elements
2895:Iron-based superconductor
2714:in human cancer patients.
1164:
983:
914:
39:
34:
5898:Melting Point: 1090.15 K
5896:Atomic Weight: 74.92160
5875:Specific mass: 1.82 g/cm
3535:"Metal Profile: Bismuth"
3377:Nature's Building Blocks
2993:Adachi, S., ed. (2005).
2652:Nitrogen in the form of
2358:Claude François Geoffroy
2264:of thorium and uranium.
1642:would be too expensive.
1494:2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 18, 5
903:
6020:Groups (periodic table)
5958:Electronegativity: 2.02
5952:Melting Point: 544.67 K
5931:Electronegativity: 2.05
5925:Melting Point: 904.05 K
5923:Atomic Weight: 121.760
5904:Electronegativity: 2.18
5877:Electronegativity: 2.19
5871:Melting Point: 317.25 K
5850:Electronegativity: 2.55
5838:Atomic Weight: 14.0067
5724:systematic element name
5696:in East Asian languages
5046:Extended periodic table
3507:Encyclopædia Britannica
3489:Encyclopædia Britannica
3471:Encyclopædia Britannica
3314:Periodic Table Advanced
3292:Gray, Theodore (2010).
3031:. University of Bristol
2972:10.1351/pac198860030431
2689:organoarsenic compounds
2687:Arsenic in the form of
2548:fractional distillation
2097:its organic derivatives
2074:mixed-valence compounds
2013:non-coordinating anions
1987:, and their fluorides,
1742:(stibine), and finally
1291:, "generator") are the
5842:Boiling Point: 77.36 K
5840:Melting Point: 63.29 K
5567:Electron configuration
5557:Electrical resistivity
5496:Electron configuration
5300:Post-transition metals
3606:The Disappearing Spoon
3312:Jackson, Mark (2001),
2799:decompression sickness
2663:Phosphorus is used in
2464:
2424:
2418:
2401:Anton Eduard van Arkel
2272:The nitrogen compound
2146:mixed-valence compound
2063:Other oxidation states
2021:phosphorus oxychloride
1989:phosphorus(V) fluoride
1403:electron configuration
5954:Boiling Point: 1837 K
5927:Boiling Point: 1860 K
5401:Transuranium elements
3375:Emsley, John (2011),
3208:Butterworth-Heinemann
3200:Greenwood, Norman N.
2791:nitrogen asphyxiation
2701:Bismuth subsalicylate
2631:particle accelerators
2607:reverberatory furnace
2480:most abundant element
2462:
2435:Previously, the name
969:(Europe, pattern A-B)
5900:Boiling Point: 887 K
5873:Boiling Point: 553 K
5617:Thermal conductivity
5592:Heat of vaporization
5034:Periodic table forms
3680:"Phosphorus in diet"
3210:. pp. 561–563.
3085:Angew. Chem. Int. Ed
3040:Boudreaux, Kevin A.
2675:Phosphate fertilizer
2658:Synthesis of ammonia
2564:electric arc furnace
2228:crystal structures.
2132:hypophosphorous acid
2009:hexafluoroantimonate
1997:antimony(V) fluoride
1961:Nitrogen(V) fluoride
1873:antimony trichloride
1869:antimony trifluoride
1825:nitrogen trichloride
1821:Nitrogen trifluoride
1775:III-V semiconductors
1483:2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5
942:pnictogens, pentels
5975:Atomic Number: 115
5649:Element discoveries
5406:Superheavy elements
5366:Rare-earth elements
3570:2015RPPh...78c6301O
3443:Inorganic Chemistry
3420:2009JChEd..86.1200G
3252:10.1021/j100612a015
3003:2005pgii.book.....A
2940:Electronic version.
2844:inorganic compounds
2839:in the human body.
2805:and nitrogen-based
2645:is a commonly used
2375:Names and etymology
2301:Philosopher's Stone
2136:hypophosphoric acid
2053:bismuth(V) fluoride
2051:to be unstable and
2011:, that function as
2001:hexafluorophosphate
1993:arsenic(V) fluoride
1977:phosphorus(V) oxide
1953:coordination number
1877:antimony tribromide
1861:antimony(III) oxide
1829:nitrogen tribromide
1813:Nitrogen(III) oxide
1405:, notably in their
953:(US, pattern A-B-A)
5948:Atomic Number: 83
5921:Atomic Number: 51
5894:Atomic Number: 33
5867:Atomic Number: 15
5822:
3604:Kean, Sam (2011),
3509:. 11 October 2019.
3491:. 11 October 2019.
3428:10.1021/ed086p1200
3136:10.1007/BFb0116498
2825:industrial disease
2465:
2155:electrons, as the
2142:Antimony tetroxide
2076:and very unstable
2057:fluorinating agent
2005:hexafluoroarsenate
1914:+5 oxidation state
1881:antimony triiodide
1857:arsenic(III) oxide
1845:several trihalides
1833:nitrogen triiodide
1785:+3 oxidation state
1724:pnictogen hydrides
1692:−3 oxidation state
1176:primordial element
920:IUPAC group number
5997:
5996:
5992:
5991:
5986:
5959:
5932:
5905:
5878:
5851:
5847:
5836:Atomic Number: 7
5776:
5775:
5635:
5634:
5597:Ionization energy
5572:Electronegativity
5562:Electron affinity
5501:Electronegativity
5491:Crystal structure
5486:Aqueous chemistry
5463:Nuclear stability
5458:Atomic properties
5424:
5423:
5371:Refractory metals
5349:
5348:
5295:Transition metals
5261:
5260:
4993:
4992:
4986:
4985:
4952:
4951:
3386:978-0-19-960563-7
3217:978-0-08-037941-8
3185:978-3-11-011451-5
3145:978-3-540-07109-9
3091:(14): 2550–2552.
2951:Fluck, E (1988).
2712:radiation therapy
2531:synthetic element
2286:Daniel Rutherford
2214:crystal structure
2045:inert-pair effect
1985:antimony(V) oxide
1763:indium antimonide
1755:calcium phosphide
1647:valence electrons
1501:
1500:
1353:
1345:
1293:chemical elements
1192:
1191:
1188:
1187:
1183:synthetic element
1160:
1139:
1109:
1079:
1049:
1019:
989:
978:
977:
970:
954:
896:
895:
622:Mercury (element)
16:(Redirected from
6027:
5977:Atomic Weight:
5974:
5947:
5920:
5893:
5866:
5845:
5835:
5819:
5803:
5796:
5789:
5780:
5765:
5764:
5753:
5752:
5736:Dmitri Mendeleev
5664:1869 predictions
5654:Dmitri Mendeleev
5435:
5273:
5253:Aufbau principle
5165:18 (Noble gases)
5068:
5061:
5056:Sets of elements
5020:
5013:
5006:
4997:
4962:
4961:
4948:
4946:
4939:
4937:
4930:
4928:
4921:
4919:
4912:
4910:
4903:
4901:
4894:
4892:
4885:
4883:
4876:
4874:
4867:
4865:
4858:
4856:
4849:
4847:
4840:
4838:
4831:
4829:
4822:
4820:
4813:
4811:
4804:
4802:
4795:
4793:
4786:
4784:
4777:
4775:
4768:
4766:
4759:
4757:
4750:
4748:
4741:
4739:
4732:
4730:
4723:
4721:
4714:
4712:
4705:
4703:
4696:
4694:
4687:
4685:
4678:
4676:
4669:
4667:
4653:
4651:
4644:
4642:
4635:
4633:
4626:
4624:
4617:
4615:
4608:
4606:
4599:
4597:
4590:
4588:
4581:
4579:
4572:
4570:
4563:
4561:
4554:
4552:
4545:
4543:
4536:
4534:
4527:
4525:
4518:
4516:
4509:
4507:
4500:
4498:
4491:
4489:
4482:
4480:
4473:
4471:
4464:
4462:
4455:
4453:
4446:
4444:
4437:
4435:
4428:
4426:
4419:
4417:
4410:
4408:
4401:
4399:
4392:
4390:
4383:
4381:
4374:
4372:
4358:
4356:
4349:
4347:
4340:
4338:
4331:
4329:
4322:
4320:
4313:
4311:
4304:
4302:
4295:
4293:
4286:
4284:
4277:
4275:
4268:
4266:
4259:
4257:
4250:
4248:
4241:
4239:
4232:
4230:
4223:
4221:
4212:
4210:
4203:
4201:
4187:
4185:
4178:
4176:
4169:
4167:
4160:
4158:
4151:
4149:
4142:
4140:
4133:
4131:
4124:
4122:
4115:
4113:
4106:
4104:
4097:
4095:
4088:
4086:
4079:
4077:
4070:
4068:
4061:
4059:
4052:
4050:
4041:
4039:
4032:
4030:
4016:
4014:
4007:
4005:
3998:
3996:
3989:
3987:
3980:
3978:
3971:
3969:
3960:
3958:
3951:
3949:
3935:
3933:
3926:
3924:
3917:
3915:
3908:
3906:
3899:
3897:
3890:
3888:
3879:
3877:
3870:
3868:
3854:
3852:
3843:
3841:
3733:
3717:
3710:
3703:
3694:
3688:
3687:
3676:
3670:
3669:
3659:
3649:
3625:
3619:
3618:
3601:
3590:
3589:
3553:
3547:
3546:
3541:. Archived from
3530:
3524:
3517:
3511:
3510:
3499:
3493:
3492:
3481:
3475:
3474:
3462:
3456:
3455:
3438:
3432:
3431:
3399:
3390:
3389:
3372:
3327:
3326:
3309:
3298:
3297:
3289:
3256:
3255:
3237:
3228:
3222:
3221:
3206:(2nd ed.).
3196:
3190:
3189:
3173:
3163:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3152:
3115:
3109:
3108:
3076:
3070:
3069:
3051:
3045:
3038:
3032:
3026:
3017:
3016:
2990:
2984:
2983:
2957:
2948:
2942:
2911:
2813:White phosphorus
2803:hydrogen cyanide
2755:hypophosphatemia
2669:incendiary bombs
2473:nitrate minerals
2450:
2444:
2443:
2427:
2421:
2415:
2414:
2394:
2388:
2387:
2282:Joseph Priestley
2183:room temperature
2080:oxidation state.
2049:bismuth(V) oxide
1981:arsenic(V) oxide
1841:phosphorous acid
1779:gallium arsenide
1773:. These include
1683:Oxidation states
1669:
1656:
1629:
1579:
1522:
1521:
1517:
1472:2, 8, 18, 18, 5
1412:
1351:
1343:
1299: 15 of the
1286:
1276:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1256:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1238:
1237:
1234:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1172:
1171:
1158:
1156:
1135:
1133:
1124:
1105:
1103:
1094:
1075:
1073:
1064:
1045:
1043:
1034:
1015:
1013:
1004:
985:
968:
965:old IUPAC number
952:
949:CAS group number
934:
916:
905:
891:
884:
877:
870:
863:
856:
849:
842:
835:
828:
821:
814:
807:
800:
793:
786:
779:
772:
765:
758:
751:
744:
737:
730:
723:
716:
709:
702:
695:
688:
681:
674:
665:
658:
651:
644:
637:
630:
623:
616:
609:
602:
595:
588:
581:
574:
567:
560:
553:
546:
539:
532:
525:
518:
511:
504:
497:
490:
483:
476:
469:
462:
455:
448:
439:
432:
425:
418:
411:
404:
397:
390:
383:
376:
369:
362:
355:
348:
341:
334:
323:
316:
307:
300:
293:
286:
279:
272:
265:
258:
251:
244:
237:
230:
223:
216:
209:
202:
193:
186:
177:
170:
163:
156:
149:
142:
133:
126:
117:
110:
103:
96:
89:
82:
73:
66:
57:
48:
42:
41:
32:
21:
6035:
6034:
6030:
6029:
6028:
6026:
6025:
6024:
6000:
5999:
5998:
5993:
5988:
5984:
5982:
5980:
5978:
5976:
5973:
5969:
5961:
5957:
5955:
5953:
5951:
5949:
5946:
5942:
5934:
5930:
5928:
5926:
5924:
5922:
5919:
5915:
5907:
5903:
5901:
5899:
5897:
5895:
5892:
5888:
5880:
5876:
5874:
5872:
5870:
5868:
5865:
5861:
5853:
5849:
5844:Specific mass:
5843:
5841:
5839:
5837:
5834:
5830:
5812:
5807:
5777:
5772:
5740:
5702:
5631:
5607:Oxidation state
5515:
5472:
5420:
5416:Minor actinides
5411:Major actinides
5376:Precious metals
5345:
5327:
5304:
5257:
5239:
5169:
5155:16 (Chalcogens)
5150:15 (Pnictogens)
5050:
5029:
5024:
4994:
4989:
4988:
4987:
4953:
4944:
4942:
4935:
4933:
4926:
4924:
4917:
4915:
4908:
4906:
4899:
4897:
4890:
4888:
4881:
4879:
4872:
4870:
4863:
4861:
4854:
4852:
4845:
4843:
4836:
4834:
4827:
4825:
4818:
4816:
4809:
4807:
4800:
4798:
4791:
4789:
4782:
4780:
4773:
4771:
4764:
4762:
4755:
4753:
4746:
4744:
4737:
4735:
4728:
4726:
4719:
4717:
4710:
4708:
4701:
4699:
4692:
4690:
4683:
4681:
4674:
4672:
4665:
4663:
4649:
4647:
4640:
4638:
4631:
4629:
4622:
4620:
4613:
4611:
4604:
4602:
4595:
4593:
4586:
4584:
4577:
4575:
4568:
4566:
4559:
4557:
4550:
4548:
4541:
4539:
4532:
4530:
4523:
4521:
4514:
4512:
4505:
4503:
4496:
4494:
4487:
4485:
4478:
4476:
4469:
4467:
4460:
4458:
4451:
4449:
4442:
4440:
4433:
4431:
4424:
4422:
4415:
4413:
4406:
4404:
4397:
4395:
4388:
4386:
4379:
4377:
4370:
4368:
4354:
4352:
4345:
4343:
4336:
4334:
4327:
4325:
4318:
4316:
4309:
4307:
4300:
4298:
4291:
4289:
4282:
4280:
4273:
4271:
4264:
4262:
4255:
4253:
4246:
4244:
4237:
4235:
4228:
4226:
4219:
4217:
4208:
4206:
4199:
4197:
4183:
4181:
4174:
4172:
4165:
4163:
4156:
4154:
4147:
4145:
4138:
4136:
4129:
4127:
4120:
4118:
4111:
4109:
4102:
4100:
4093:
4091:
4084:
4082:
4075:
4073:
4066:
4064:
4057:
4055:
4048:
4046:
4037:
4035:
4028:
4026:
4012:
4010:
4003:
4001:
3994:
3992:
3985:
3983:
3976:
3974:
3967:
3965:
3956:
3954:
3947:
3945:
3931:
3929:
3922:
3920:
3913:
3911:
3904:
3902:
3895:
3893:
3886:
3884:
3875:
3873:
3866:
3864:
3850:
3848:
3839:
3837:
3726:
3721:
3691:
3678:
3677:
3673:
3627:
3626:
3622:
3616:
3603:
3602:
3593:
3555:
3554:
3550:
3545:on 5 July 2012.
3533:Bell, Terence.
3532:
3531:
3527:
3518:
3514:
3501:
3500:
3496:
3483:
3482:
3478:
3464:
3463:
3459:
3453:
3440:
3439:
3435:
3401:
3400:
3393:
3387:
3374:
3373:
3330:
3324:
3311:
3310:
3301:
3291:
3290:
3259:
3235:
3230:
3229:
3225:
3218:
3198:
3197:
3193:
3186:
3165:
3164:
3160:
3150:
3148:
3146:
3117:
3116:
3112:
3082:
3078:
3077:
3073:
3066:
3053:
3052:
3048:
3039:
3035:
3027:
3020:
3013:
2992:
2991:
2987:
2955:
2950:
2949:
2945:
2912:
2908:
2904:
2885:
2868:
2855:induce vomiting
2783:
2724:
2722:Biological role
2643:Liquid nitrogen
2639:
2627:
2618:
2595:
2587:
2583:
2572:
2556:
2544:
2539:
2529:Moscovium is a
2457:
2377:
2320:Albertus Magnus
2278:Henry Cavendish
2270:
2234:
2174:
2166:
2162:
2154:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2068:Nitrogen forms
2065:
1949:
1945:
1938:
1916:
1809:
1787:
1759:sodium arsenide
1751:yttrium nitride
1716:
1694:
1685:
1667:
1663:
1628:
1624:
1580:, where M is a
1578:
1572:
1566:
1560:
1541:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1514:
1497:
1399:
1394:
1392:Characteristics
1383:
1379:
1309:nitrogen family
1287:"to choke" and
1244:
1240:
1203:
1199:
1165:
1154:
1153:
1131:
1130:
1125:
1101:
1100:
1095:
1071:
1070:
1065:
1041:
1040:
1035:
1011:
1010:
1005:
979:
971:
967:
955:
951:
932:
929:Name by element
910:
897:
889:
882:
875:
868:
861:
854:
847:
840:
833:
826:
819:
812:
805:
798:
791:
784:
777:
770:
763:
756:
749:
742:
735:
728:
721:
714:
707:
700:
693:
686:
679:
672:
663:
656:
649:
642:
635:
628:
621:
614:
607:
600:
593:
586:
579:
572:
565:
558:
551:
544:
537:
530:
523:
516:
509:
502:
495:
488:
481:
474:
467:
460:
453:
446:
437:
430:
423:
416:
409:
402:
395:
388:
381:
374:
367:
360:
353:
346:
339:
332:
321:
314:
305:
298:
291:
284:
277:
270:
263:
256:
249:
242:
235:
228:
221:
214:
207:
200:
191:
184:
175:
168:
161:
154:
147:
140:
131:
124:
115:
108:
101:
94:
87:
80:
71:
64:
55:
46:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6033:
6031:
6023:
6022:
6017:
6015:Periodic table
6012:
6002:
6001:
5995:
5994:
5990:
5989:
5964:
5962:
5937:
5935:
5910:
5908:
5883:
5881:
5856:
5854:
5825:
5823:
5817:
5814:
5813:
5808:
5806:
5805:
5798:
5791:
5783:
5774:
5773:
5771:
5770:
5758:
5745:
5742:
5741:
5739:
5738:
5733:
5728:
5727:
5726:
5721:
5710:
5708:
5704:
5703:
5701:
5700:
5699:
5698:
5693:
5688:
5683:
5678:
5668:
5667:
5666:
5661:
5656:
5645:
5643:
5637:
5636:
5633:
5632:
5630:
5629:
5627:Vapor pressure
5624:
5619:
5614:
5612:Speed of sound
5609:
5604:
5599:
5594:
5589:
5587:Heat of fusion
5584:
5579:
5574:
5569:
5564:
5559:
5554:
5549:
5544:
5542:Critical point
5539:
5534:
5529:
5523:
5521:
5517:
5516:
5514:
5513:
5508:
5503:
5498:
5493:
5488:
5482:
5480:
5474:
5473:
5471:
5470:
5465:
5460:
5455:
5443:
5441:
5432:
5426:
5425:
5422:
5421:
5419:
5418:
5413:
5408:
5403:
5398:
5393:
5388:
5383:
5381:Coinage metals
5378:
5373:
5368:
5363:
5357:
5355:
5351:
5350:
5347:
5346:
5344:
5343:
5337:
5335:
5329:
5328:
5326:
5325:
5320:
5314:
5312:
5306:
5305:
5303:
5302:
5297:
5292:
5287:
5281:
5279:
5270:
5263:
5262:
5259:
5258:
5256:
5255:
5249:
5247:
5241:
5240:
5238:
5237:
5236:
5235:
5230:
5225:
5215:
5210:
5205:
5200:
5195:
5190:
5185:
5179:
5177:
5171:
5170:
5168:
5167:
5162:
5157:
5152:
5147:
5142:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5122:
5117:
5112:
5107:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5082:
5076:
5074:
5065:
5058:
5052:
5051:
5049:
5048:
5043:
5037:
5035:
5031:
5030:
5027:Periodic table
5025:
5023:
5022:
5015:
5008:
5000:
4991:
4990:
4984:
4983:
4978:
4973:
4968:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4954:
4950:
4949:
4940:
4931:
4922:
4913:
4904:
4895:
4886:
4877:
4868:
4859:
4850:
4841:
4832:
4823:
4814:
4805:
4796:
4787:
4778:
4769:
4760:
4751:
4742:
4733:
4724:
4715:
4706:
4697:
4688:
4679:
4670:
4661:
4655:
4654:
4645:
4636:
4627:
4618:
4609:
4600:
4591:
4582:
4573:
4564:
4555:
4546:
4537:
4528:
4519:
4510:
4501:
4492:
4483:
4474:
4465:
4456:
4447:
4438:
4429:
4420:
4411:
4402:
4393:
4384:
4375:
4366:
4360:
4359:
4350:
4341:
4332:
4323:
4314:
4305:
4296:
4287:
4278:
4269:
4260:
4251:
4242:
4233:
4224:
4215:
4213:
4204:
4195:
4189:
4188:
4179:
4170:
4161:
4152:
4143:
4134:
4125:
4116:
4107:
4098:
4089:
4080:
4071:
4062:
4053:
4044:
4042:
4033:
4024:
4018:
4017:
4008:
3999:
3990:
3981:
3972:
3963:
3961:
3952:
3943:
3937:
3936:
3927:
3918:
3909:
3900:
3891:
3882:
3880:
3871:
3862:
3856:
3855:
3846:
3844:
3835:
3829:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3728:
3727:
3724:Periodic table
3722:
3720:
3719:
3712:
3705:
3697:
3690:
3689:
3671:
3620:
3614:
3608:, Transworld,
3591:
3548:
3525:
3512:
3494:
3476:
3457:
3451:
3433:
3391:
3385:
3328:
3322:
3299:
3257:
3223:
3216:
3191:
3184:
3158:
3144:
3110:
3080:
3071:
3064:
3046:
3033:
3018:
3012:978-0470090329
3011:
2985:
2943:
2938:. p. 51.
2905:
2903:
2900:
2899:
2898:
2892:
2884:
2881:
2866:
2782:
2779:
2723:
2720:
2719:
2718:
2715:
2708:
2698:
2695:
2692:
2685:
2678:
2672:
2661:
2650:
2638:
2635:
2626:
2623:
2617:
2614:
2594:
2591:
2585:
2581:
2571:
2568:
2555:
2552:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2486:of accessible
2456:
2453:
2376:
2373:
2348:and decorated
2269:
2266:
2238:stable isotope
2233:
2230:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2159:of the lone 7p
2157:binding energy
2152:
2149:
2139:
2128:
2127:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2110:
2107:
2081:
2064:
2061:
1947:
1943:
1915:
1912:
1900:an oxychloride
1786:
1783:
1693:
1690:
1684:
1681:
1540:
1537:
1513:
1499:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1489:
1485:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1474:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1463:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1452:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1441:
1440:
1437:
1434:
1430:
1429:
1425:Electrons per
1423:
1418:
1407:valence shells
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1381:
1377:
1305:nitrogen group
1301:periodic table
1190:
1189:
1186:
1185:
1179:
1178:
1162:
1161:
1147:
1141:
1140:
1119:
1117:
1111:
1110:
1089:
1087:
1081:
1080:
1059:
1057:
1051:
1050:
1047:Other nonmetal
1029:
1027:
1021:
1020:
1017:Other nonmetal
999:
997:
991:
990:
981:
980:
976:
975:
972:
963:
960:
959:
956:
947:
944:
943:
940:
936:
935:
933:nitrogen group
930:
926:
925:
922:
912:
911:
898:
894:
893:
886:
879:
872:
865:
858:
851:
844:
837:
830:
823:
816:
809:
802:
795:
788:
781:
774:
767:
760:
753:
746:
739:
732:
725:
718:
711:
704:
697:
690:
683:
676:
668:
667:
660:
653:
646:
639:
632:
625:
618:
611:
604:
597:
590:
583:
576:
569:
562:
555:
548:
541:
534:
527:
520:
513:
506:
499:
492:
485:
478:
471:
464:
457:
450:
442:
441:
434:
427:
420:
413:
406:
399:
392:
385:
378:
371:
364:
357:
350:
343:
336:
329:
327:
325:
318:
310:
309:
302:
295:
288:
281:
274:
267:
260:
253:
246:
239:
232:
225:
218:
211:
204:
197:
195:
188:
180:
179:
172:
165:
158:
151:
144:
137:
135:
128:
120:
119:
112:
105:
98:
91:
84:
77:
75:
68:
60:
59:
52:
50:
40:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6032:
6021:
6018:
6016:
6013:
6011:
6008:
6007:
6005:
5987:
5972:
5968:
5963:
5960:
5945:
5941:
5936:
5933:
5918:
5914:
5909:
5906:
5891:
5887:
5882:
5879:
5864:
5860:
5855:
5852:
5833:
5829:
5824:
5821:
5820:
5815:
5811:
5804:
5799:
5797:
5792:
5790:
5785:
5784:
5781:
5769:
5768:
5759:
5757:
5756:
5747:
5746:
5743:
5737:
5734:
5732:
5729:
5725:
5722:
5720:
5717:
5716:
5715:
5712:
5711:
5709:
5705:
5697:
5694:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5684:
5682:
5681:controversies
5679:
5677:
5674:
5673:
5672:
5669:
5665:
5662:
5660:
5657:
5655:
5652:
5651:
5650:
5647:
5646:
5644:
5642:
5638:
5628:
5625:
5623:
5620:
5618:
5615:
5613:
5610:
5608:
5605:
5603:
5602:Melting point
5600:
5598:
5595:
5593:
5590:
5588:
5585:
5583:
5582:Heat capacity
5580:
5578:
5575:
5573:
5570:
5568:
5565:
5563:
5560:
5558:
5555:
5553:
5550:
5548:
5545:
5543:
5540:
5538:
5537:Boiling point
5535:
5533:
5532:Atomic radius
5530:
5528:
5525:
5524:
5522:
5518:
5512:
5509:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5499:
5497:
5494:
5492:
5489:
5487:
5484:
5483:
5481:
5479:
5475:
5469:
5466:
5464:
5461:
5459:
5456:
5453:
5449:
5445:
5444:
5442:
5440:
5436:
5433:
5431:
5427:
5417:
5414:
5412:
5409:
5407:
5404:
5402:
5399:
5397:
5396:Native metals
5394:
5392:
5389:
5387:
5384:
5382:
5379:
5377:
5374:
5372:
5369:
5367:
5364:
5362:
5359:
5358:
5356:
5352:
5342:
5339:
5338:
5336:
5334:
5330:
5324:
5323:Dividing line
5321:
5319:
5316:
5315:
5313:
5311:
5307:
5301:
5298:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5288:
5286:
5283:
5282:
5280:
5278:
5274:
5271:
5269:
5264:
5254:
5251:
5250:
5248:
5246:
5242:
5234:
5231:
5229:
5226:
5224:
5221:
5220:
5219:
5216:
5214:
5211:
5209:
5206:
5204:
5201:
5199:
5196:
5194:
5191:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5181:
5180:
5178:
5176:
5172:
5166:
5163:
5161:
5160:17 (Halogens)
5158:
5156:
5153:
5151:
5148:
5146:
5143:
5141:
5138:
5136:
5133:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5081:
5078:
5077:
5075:
5073:
5069:
5066:
5062:
5059:
5057:
5053:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5038:
5036:
5032:
5028:
5021:
5016:
5014:
5009:
5007:
5002:
5001:
4998:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4969:
4967:
4964:
4963:
4956:
4947:
4938:
4929:
4920:
4911:
4902:
4893:
4884:
4875:
4866:
4857:
4848:
4839:
4830:
4821:
4812:
4803:
4794:
4785:
4776:
4767:
4758:
4749:
4740:
4731:
4722:
4713:
4704:
4695:
4686:
4677:
4668:
4660:
4656:
4652:
4643:
4634:
4625:
4616:
4607:
4598:
4589:
4580:
4571:
4562:
4553:
4544:
4535:
4526:
4517:
4508:
4499:
4490:
4481:
4472:
4463:
4454:
4445:
4436:
4427:
4418:
4409:
4400:
4391:
4382:
4373:
4365:
4361:
4357:
4348:
4339:
4330:
4321:
4312:
4303:
4294:
4285:
4276:
4267:
4258:
4249:
4240:
4231:
4222:
4211:
4202:
4194:
4190:
4186:
4177:
4168:
4159:
4150:
4141:
4132:
4123:
4114:
4105:
4096:
4087:
4078:
4069:
4060:
4051:
4040:
4031:
4023:
4019:
4015:
4006:
3997:
3988:
3979:
3970:
3959:
3950:
3942:
3938:
3934:
3925:
3916:
3907:
3898:
3889:
3878:
3869:
3861:
3857:
3853:
3842:
3834:
3830:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3734:
3729:
3725:
3718:
3713:
3711:
3706:
3704:
3699:
3698:
3695:
3685:
3681:
3675:
3672:
3667:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3639:
3635:
3631:
3624:
3621:
3617:
3615:9781446437650
3611:
3607:
3600:
3598:
3596:
3592:
3587:
3583:
3579:
3575:
3571:
3567:
3563:
3559:
3552:
3549:
3544:
3540:
3536:
3529:
3526:
3522:
3516:
3513:
3508:
3504:
3498:
3495:
3490:
3486:
3480:
3477:
3472:
3468:
3461:
3458:
3454:
3452:0-12-352651-5
3448:
3444:
3437:
3434:
3429:
3425:
3421:
3417:
3413:
3409:
3405:
3398:
3396:
3392:
3388:
3382:
3378:
3371:
3369:
3367:
3365:
3363:
3361:
3359:
3357:
3355:
3353:
3351:
3349:
3347:
3345:
3343:
3341:
3339:
3337:
3335:
3333:
3329:
3325:
3319:
3315:
3308:
3306:
3304:
3300:
3295:
3288:
3286:
3284:
3282:
3280:
3278:
3276:
3274:
3272:
3270:
3268:
3266:
3264:
3262:
3258:
3253:
3249:
3245:
3241:
3234:
3227:
3224:
3219:
3213:
3209:
3205:
3201:
3195:
3192:
3187:
3181:
3177:
3172:
3171:
3162:
3159:
3147:
3141:
3137:
3133:
3129:
3125:
3121:
3114:
3111:
3106:
3102:
3098:
3094:
3090:
3086:
3075:
3072:
3067:
3065:0-7506-3365-4
3061:
3057:
3050:
3047:
3043:
3037:
3034:
3030:
3025:
3023:
3019:
3014:
3008:
3004:
3000:
2996:
2989:
2986:
2981:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2965:
2961:
2954:
2947:
2944:
2941:
2937:
2936:0-85404-438-8
2933:
2929:
2925:
2921:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2907:
2901:
2896:
2893:
2890:
2887:
2886:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2870:
2864:
2860:
2856:
2852:
2847:
2845:
2840:
2838:
2834:
2830:
2826:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2810:
2808:
2804:
2800:
2796:
2792:
2788:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2763:
2758:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2743:
2741:
2737:
2733:
2729:
2721:
2716:
2713:
2709:
2706:
2702:
2699:
2696:
2693:
2690:
2686:
2683:
2679:
2676:
2673:
2670:
2666:
2662:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2648:
2644:
2641:
2640:
2636:
2634:
2632:
2624:
2622:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2603:
2601:
2600:blast furnace
2592:
2590:
2588:
2577:
2569:
2567:
2565:
2561:
2553:
2551:
2549:
2541:
2536:
2534:
2532:
2527:
2525:
2519:
2515:
2513:
2509:
2505:
2501:
2495:
2493:
2489:
2485:
2481:
2476:
2474:
2470:
2469:Earth's crust
2461:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2438:
2433:
2430:
2426:
2420:
2410:
2407:
2402:
2398:
2393:
2382:
2381:ancient Greek
2374:
2372:
2370:
2366:
2365:americium-243
2361:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2342:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2328:
2323:
2321:
2317:
2313:
2309:
2304:
2302:
2297:
2296:Hennig Brandt
2294:
2289:
2287:
2283:
2279:
2275:
2267:
2265:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2247:
2243:
2239:
2231:
2229:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2210:
2207:
2203:
2202:melting point
2198:
2195:
2190:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2171:
2158:
2150:
2147:
2143:
2140:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2108:
2105:
2101:
2100:
2098:
2094:
2090:
2086:
2082:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2066:
2062:
2060:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1905:
1904:an oxynitrate
1901:
1897:
1893:
1888:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1853:arsenous acid
1850:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1819:is unstable.
1818:
1814:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1792:
1784:
1782:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1752:
1747:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1734:(phosphine),
1733:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1691:
1689:
1682:
1680:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1660:
1652:
1648:
1643:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1621:
1620:free radicals
1617:
1613:
1609:
1606:
1602:
1597:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1577:
1571:
1565:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1538:
1536:
1534:
1530:
1525:
1511:
1507:
1493:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1435:
1431:
1428:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1404:
1396:
1391:
1389:
1388:
1384:
1373:
1369:
1368:stoichiometry
1365:
1361:
1360:semiconductor
1357:
1356:Roman numeral
1349:
1341:
1336:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1279:Ancient Greek
1274:
1236:
1197:
1184:
1181:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1173:
1170:
1169:
1163:
1151:
1146:
1143:
1142:
1138:
1128:
1123:
1116:
1113:
1112:
1108:
1098:
1093:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1078:
1068:
1063:
1056:
1053:
1052:
1048:
1038:
1033:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1008:
1003:
996:
993:
992:
988:
982:
973:
966:
962:
961:
957:
950:
946:
945:
941:
938:
937:
931:
928:
927:
923:
921:
918:
917:
913:
909:
906: →
902: ←
901:
892:
887:
885:
880:
878:
873:
871:
866:
864:
859:
857:
852:
850:
845:
843:
838:
836:
831:
829:
824:
822:
817:
815:
810:
808:
803:
801:
796:
794:
792:Rutherfordium
789:
787:
782:
780:
775:
773:
768:
766:
761:
759:
754:
752:
747:
745:
740:
738:
733:
731:
726:
724:
719:
717:
712:
710:
705:
703:
698:
696:
691:
689:
684:
682:
677:
675:
670:
669:
666:
661:
659:
654:
652:
647:
645:
640:
638:
633:
631:
626:
624:
619:
617:
612:
610:
605:
603:
598:
596:
591:
589:
584:
582:
577:
575:
570:
568:
563:
561:
556:
554:
549:
547:
542:
540:
535:
533:
528:
526:
521:
519:
514:
512:
507:
505:
500:
498:
493:
491:
486:
484:
479:
477:
472:
470:
465:
463:
458:
456:
451:
449:
444:
443:
440:
435:
433:
428:
426:
421:
419:
414:
412:
407:
405:
400:
398:
393:
391:
386:
384:
379:
377:
372:
370:
365:
363:
358:
356:
351:
349:
344:
342:
337:
335:
330:
326:
324:
319:
317:
312:
311:
308:
303:
301:
296:
294:
289:
287:
282:
280:
275:
273:
268:
266:
261:
259:
254:
252:
247:
245:
240:
238:
233:
231:
226:
224:
219:
217:
212:
210:
205:
203:
198:
194:
189:
187:
182:
181:
178:
173:
171:
166:
164:
159:
157:
152:
150:
145:
143:
138:
134:
129:
127:
122:
121:
118:
113:
111:
106:
104:
99:
97:
92:
90:
85:
83:
78:
74:
69:
67:
62:
61:
58:
53:
49:
44:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
5970:
5965:
5943:
5938:
5916:
5911:
5889:
5884:
5862:
5857:
5831:
5826:
5809:
5760:
5748:
5731:Trivial name
5719:nomenclature
5391:Heavy metals
5386:Noble metals
5149:
5145:14 (Tetrels)
5041:Alternatives
3810:
3683:
3674:
3637:
3633:
3623:
3605:
3561:
3557:
3551:
3543:the original
3538:
3528:
3515:
3506:
3497:
3488:
3479:
3470:
3460:
3442:
3436:
3407:
3403:
3376:
3313:
3294:The Elements
3293:
3246:(19): 1945.
3243:
3239:
3226:
3203:
3194:
3169:
3161:
3149:. Retrieved
3127:
3123:
3113:
3088:
3084:
3074:
3055:
3049:
3036:
2994:
2988:
2966:(3): 431–6.
2963:
2959:
2946:
2917:
2909:
2878:
2871:
2848:
2841:
2811:
2795:scuba diving
2784:
2776:
2773:
2770:
2759:
2744:
2725:
2705:Pepto-Bismol
2637:Applications
2628:
2619:
2611:
2604:
2596:
2576:arsenopyrite
2573:
2557:
2545:
2528:
2524:bismuthinite
2520:
2516:
2508:arsenopyrite
2496:
2477:
2466:
2439:(from Greek
2436:
2434:
2428:
2378:
2362:
2343:
2324:
2308:Theophrastus
2305:
2290:
2274:sal ammoniac
2271:
2262:decay chains
2242:radioisotope
2235:
2226:rhombohedral
2211:
2199:
2191:
2175:
1955: 5 are
1939:
1889:
1837:a +III oxide
1817:nitrous acid
1810:
1777:, including
1767:double salts
1748:
1717:
1686:
1673:single bonds
1644:
1612:triple bonds
1608:double bonds
1598:
1582:carbon group
1575:
1569:
1563:
1553:paramagnetic
1544:
1542:
1526:
1502:
1461:2, 8, 18, 5
1400:
1386:
1364:pentavalency
1337:
1308:
1304:
1195:
1193:
1167:
1166:
939:Trivial name
904:
900:carbon group
834:Darmstadtium
701:Protactinium
475:Praseodymium
29:
18:Pnictogenide
5767:WikiProject
5511:Term symbol
5341:Noble gases
5285:Lanthanides
5268:metallicity
5140:13 (Triels)
3684:MedlinePlus
2889:Oxypnictide
2732:amino acids
2682:Paris green
2367:atoms with
2212:Nitrogen's
2200:Nitrogen's
2102:Similarly,
2089:diphosphane
1957:hypervalent
1765:, and even
1638:or another
1586:boron group
1549:diamagnetic
1510:term symbol
1496:(predicted)
1159:other metal
1137:Other metal
876:Livermorium
848:Copernicium
841:Roentgenium
771:Mendelevium
757:Einsteinium
750:Californium
35:Pnictogens
6010:Pnictogens
6004:Categories
5859:Phosphorus
5810:Pnictogens
5691:for people
5686:for places
5659:1871 table
5552:Elasticity
5520:Data pages
5478:Properties
5354:Other sets
5310:Metalloids
3640:: 844037.
3323:1572225424
3130:: 89–144.
2902:References
2829:phossy jaw
2807:explosives
2747:phosphates
2554:Phosphorus
2537:Production
2488:phosphates
2455:Occurrence
2425:Stickstoff
2369:calcium-48
2339:Greek fire
2331:Babylonian
2017:oxyhalides
1965:phosphorus
1936:bismuthate
1932:antimonate
1918:See also:
1865:antimonite
1807:bismuthite
1803:antimonite
1789:See also:
1744:bismuthane
1738:(arsine),
1714:bismuthide
1710:antimonide
1696:See also:
1651:octet rule
1557:rare-earth
1533:phosphorus
1447:phosphorus
1331:(Bi), and
1317:phosphorus
1196:pnictogens
1152: (Mc)
1129: (Bi)
1099: (Sb)
1069: (As)
1037:Phosphorus
908:chalcogens
883:Tennessine
827:Meitnerium
806:Seaborgium
785:Lawrencium
524:Dysprosium
510:Gadolinium
489:Promethium
361:Technetium
354:Molybdenum
155:Phosphorus
5967:Moscovium
5846:0.0012506
5676:etymology
5527:Abundance
5452:in humans
5448:Abundance
5333:Nonmetals
5290:Actinides
3539:About.com
3151:4 October
2874:non-toxic
2817:allotrope
2787:non-toxic
2647:cryogenic
2625:Moscovium
2293:alchemist
2218:hexagonal
2206:sublimate
2194:densities
2085:hydrazine
1924:phosphate
1908:a sulfide
1849:arsenites
1795:phosphite
1732:phosphane
1702:phosphide
1659:lone pair
1649:, as the
1640:noble gas
1601:stability
1545:pnictides
1539:Compounds
1491:moscovium
1372:compounds
1333:moscovium
1150:Moscovium
1107:Metalloid
1077:Metalloid
1039: (P)
1009: (N)
890:Oganesson
869:Moscovium
862:Flerovium
743:Berkelium
729:Americium
722:Plutonium
715:Neptunium
552:Ytterbium
482:Neodymium
461:Lanthanum
424:Tellurium
382:Palladium
368:Ruthenium
340:Zirconium
322:Strontium
278:Germanium
229:Manganese
185:Potassium
141:Aluminium
132:Magnesium
72:Beryllium
5913:Antimony
5828:Nitrogen
5755:Category
5707:See also
5577:Hardness
5430:Elements
3666:35250594
3586:25746203
3564:(3): 3.
3414:: 1200.
3105:12203530
2980:96704008
2916:(2005).
2883:See also
2865:, or SbH
2859:vomiting
2827:called "
2781:Toxicity
2766:arginine
2736:Nitrates
2593:Antimony
2550:of air.
2542:Nitrogen
2512:enargite
2500:orpiment
2419:stikstof
2397:mnemonic
2346:printing
2335:stibnite
2316:orpiment
2172:Physical
2033:antimony
1973:antimony
1928:arsenate
1896:an oxide
1799:arsenite
1726:such as
1722:to form
1720:hydrogen
1706:arsenide
1632:diatomic
1616:toxicity
1605:covalent
1594:covalent
1529:nitrogen
1469:antimony
1450:2, 8, 5
1436:nitrogen
1397:Chemical
1374:such as
1325:antimony
1313:nitrogen
1097:Antimony
1007:Nitrogen
855:Nihonium
778:Nobelium
687:Actinium
673:Francium
657:Astatine
650:Polonium
629:Thallium
608:Platinum
580:Tungsten
573:Tantalum
559:Lutetium
503:Europium
496:Samarium
417:Antimony
315:Rubidium
292:Selenium
222:Chromium
215:Vanadium
208:Titanium
201:Scandium
169:Chlorine
109:Fluorine
95:Nitrogen
47:Hydrogen
5940:Bismuth
5886:Arsenic
5641:History
5547:Density
5175:Periods
4981:p-block
4976:d-block
4971:f-block
4966:s-block
3657:8894845
3566:Bibcode
3416:Bibcode
2999:Bibcode
2863:Stibine
2837:enzymes
2665:matches
2654:ammonia
2649:liquid.
2616:Bismuth
2570:Arsenic
2504:realgar
2492:apatite
2437:pentels
2392:pnígein
2386:πνίγειν
2371:atoms.
2350:caskets
2312:realgar
2268:History
2232:Nuclear
2104:realgar
2093:diimide
2037:bismuth
2029:arsenic
2019:, like
1969:arsenic
1920:nitrate
1791:nitrite
1740:stibane
1728:ammonia
1698:nitride
1664:[NH
1518:⁄
1506:ionized
1480:bismuth
1458:arsenic
1421:Element
1358:5). In
1329:bismuth
1321:arsenic
1277:; from
1127:Bismuth
1067:Arsenic
984:↓
820:Hassium
813:Bohrium
799:Dubnium
764:Fermium
708:Uranium
694:Thorium
643:Bismuth
601:Iridium
587:Rhenium
566:Hafnium
545:Thulium
531:Holmium
517:Terbium
447:Caesium
396:Cadmium
375:Rhodium
347:Niobium
333:Yttrium
306:Krypton
299:Bromine
285:Arsenic
271:Gallium
192:Calcium
148:Silicon
65:Lithium
5671:Naming
5468:Symbol
5277:Metals
5245:Blocks
5233:Pyykkö
5228:Fricke
5223:Aufbau
5072:Groups
3664:
3654:
3612:
3584:
3449:
3410:(10).
3383:
3320:
3214:
3182:
3142:
3103:
3062:
3009:
2978:
2934:
2560:reduce
2510:, and
2352:. The
2327:Louvre
2256:, and
2179:solids
2035:, and
1983:, and
1971:, and
1934:, and
1906:, and
1879:, and
1855:, and
1843:, and
1831:, and
1805:, and
1736:arsane
1712:, and
1630:, the
1335:(Mc).
1327:(Sb),
1323:(As),
1284:πνῑ́γω
1168:Legend
1157:
1134:
1104:
1074:
1044:
1014:
987:Period
736:Curium
680:Radium
594:Osmium
538:Erbium
468:Cerium
454:Barium
431:Iodine
403:Indium
389:Silver
257:Copper
250:Nickel
243:Cobalt
162:Sulfur
125:Sodium
102:Oxygen
88:Carbon
56:Helium
5714:IUPAC
5439:Lists
3236:(PDF)
2976:S2CID
2956:(PDF)
2928:IUPAC
2821:liver
2815:, an
2448:pénte
2442:πέντε
2413:πνιγ-
2406:Greek
2383:word
2354:Incas
2222:cubic
2144:is a
1769:like
1636:argon
1590:ionic
1439:2, 5
1427:shell
1340:IUPAC
1319:(P),
1315:(N),
1297:group
664:Radon
438:Xenon
176:Argon
81:Boron
5848:g/cm
5446:By:
3662:PMID
3610:ISBN
3582:PMID
3447:ISBN
3381:ISBN
3318:ISBN
3212:ISBN
3180:ISBN
3153:2013
3140:ISBN
3101:PMID
3060:ISBN
3007:ISBN
2932:ISBN
2851:wine
2730:and
2667:and
2422:and
2409:root
2314:and
2291:The
2280:and
2192:The
1863:and
1655:>
1610:and
1592:and
1504:non-
1289:-gen
1194:The
636:Lead
615:Gold
264:Zinc
236:Iron
116:Neon
5266:By
3652:PMC
3642:doi
3574:doi
3424:doi
3248:doi
3176:136
3132:doi
3093:doi
2968:doi
2924:RSC
2751:ATP
2728:DNA
2216:is
2187:STP
2181:at
2165:1/2
2161:3/2
2153:1/2
2083:In
2078:+VI
1584:or
1488:115
1370:of
1307:or
1295:in
1239:or
1155:115
974:VB
958:VA
924:15
410:Tin
6006::
5971:Mc
5944:Bi
5917:Sb
5890:As
5218:8+
5135:12
5130:11
5125:10
4945:Og
4936:Ts
4927:Lv
4918:Mc
4909:Fl
4900:Nh
4891:Cn
4882:Rg
4873:Ds
4864:Mt
4855:Hs
4846:Bh
4837:Sg
4828:Db
4819:Rf
4810:Lr
4801:No
4792:Md
4783:Fm
4774:Es
4765:Cf
4756:Bk
4747:Cm
4738:Am
4729:Pu
4720:Np
4702:Pa
4693:Th
4684:Ac
4675:Ra
4666:Fr
4650:Rn
4641:At
4632:Po
4623:Bi
4614:Pb
4605:Tl
4596:Hg
4587:Au
4578:Pt
4569:Ir
4560:Os
4551:Re
4533:Ta
4524:Hf
4515:Lu
4506:Yb
4497:Tm
4488:Er
4479:Ho
4470:Dy
4461:Tb
4452:Gd
4443:Eu
4434:Sm
4425:Pm
4416:Nd
4407:Pr
4398:Ce
4389:La
4380:Ba
4371:Cs
4355:Xe
4337:Te
4328:Sb
4319:Sn
4310:In
4301:Cd
4292:Ag
4283:Pd
4274:Rh
4265:Ru
4256:Tc
4247:Mo
4238:Nb
4229:Zr
4209:Sr
4200:Rb
4184:Kr
4175:Br
4166:Se
4157:As
4148:Ge
4139:Ga
4130:Zn
4121:Cu
4112:Ni
4103:Co
4094:Fe
4085:Mn
4076:Cr
4058:Ti
4049:Sc
4038:Ca
4013:Ar
4004:Cl
3977:Si
3968:Al
3957:Mg
3948:Na
3932:Ne
3876:Be
3867:Li
3851:He
3826:18
3821:17
3816:16
3811:15
3806:14
3801:13
3796:12
3791:11
3786:10
3682:.
3660:.
3650:.
3638:13
3636:.
3632:.
3594:^
3580:.
3572:.
3562:78
3560:.
3537:.
3505:.
3487:.
3469:.
3422:.
3408:86
3406:.
3394:^
3379:,
3331:^
3302:^
3260:^
3244:78
3242:.
3238:.
3178:.
3138:.
3128:21
3122:.
3099:.
3089:41
3087:.
3021:^
3005:.
2974:.
2964:60
2962:.
2958:.
2930:.
2740:kg
2734:.
2609:.
2580:As
2566:.
2514:.
2506:,
2502:,
2484:Mt
2445:,
2341:.
2322:.
2252:,
2246:Bi
2113:(C
2087:,
2031:,
2007:,
2003:,
1995:,
1991:,
1979:,
1967:,
1959:.
1930:,
1926:,
1922:,
1902:,
1898:,
1887:.
1875:,
1871:,
1851:,
1827:,
1801:,
1797:,
1793:,
1761:,
1757:,
1753:,
1708:,
1704:,
1700:,
1679:.
1573:Pn
1561:RE
1524:.
1477:83
1466:51
1455:33
1444:15
1281::
1264:dʒ
1226:dʒ
1132:83
1102:51
1072:33
1042:15
5863:P
5832:N
5802:e
5795:t
5788:v
5454:)
5450:(
5213:7
5208:6
5203:5
5198:4
5193:3
5188:2
5183:1
5120:9
5115:8
5110:7
5105:6
5100:5
5095:4
5090:3
5019:e
5012:t
5005:v
4711:U
4659:7
4542:W
4364:6
4346:I
4220:Y
4193:5
4067:V
4029:K
4022:4
3995:S
3986:P
3941:3
3923:F
3914:O
3905:N
3896:C
3887:B
3860:2
3840:H
3833:1
3781:9
3776:8
3771:7
3766:6
3761:5
3756:4
3751:3
3744:2
3739:1
3716:e
3709:t
3702:v
3668:.
3644::
3588:.
3576::
3568::
3473:.
3430:.
3426::
3418::
3296:.
3254:.
3250::
3220:.
3188:.
3155:.
3134::
3107:.
3095::
3081:3
3068:.
3015:.
3001::
2982:.
2970::
2926:–
2867:3
2707:.
2671:.
2586:6
2584:O
2582:4
2429:,
2389:(
2258:P
2254:P
2250:N
2138:.
2123:4
2121:)
2119:5
2117:H
2115:6
2111:2
1948:5
1946:O
1944:2
1942:N
1668:]
1666:4
1627:2
1625:N
1576:c
1570:b
1567:M
1564:a
1520:2
1516:3
1433:7
1416:Z
1387:.
1382:5
1380:O
1378:2
1376:N
1352:B
1344:A
1273:/
1270:n
1267:ə
1261:ə
1258:t
1255:k
1252:ɪ
1249:n
1246:ˈ
1243:/
1235:/
1232:n
1229:ə
1223:ə
1220:t
1217:k
1214:ɪ
1211:n
1208:p
1205:ˈ
1202:/
1198:(
1145:7
1115:6
1085:5
1055:4
1025:3
1012:7
995:2
20:)
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