918:) maintained a cooperative weather station in the Point Reyes lighthouse from 1914 to 1943, though temperatures were only tracked through 1926. Based on those records, average January temperatures ranged from 45.1 to 54.1 °F (7.3 to 12.3 °C) and average September temperatures ranged from 51.7 to 61.0 °F (10.9 to 16.1 °C). The highest temperature recorded was 90 °F (32 °C) on October 3, 1917, and the lowest temperature recorded was 31 °F (−1 °C) on January 19, 1922. Annual precipitation averaged 17.05 inches (433 mm). The wettest year on record was 1941 with 31.37 inches (797 mm) and the driest year was 1923 was 7.32 inches (186 mm). The most precipitation in one month was 9.51 inches (242 mm) in December 1916. The maximum 24-hour precipitation was 2.65 inches (67 mm) on December 15, 1929. Automated weather observations are now taken at the lighthouse. Weather observations are also taken in nearby
543:. During Spanish and Mexican War, Bolinas' remote lagoon was used by American, British, and Russian smugglers intent on avoiding tariffs and regulations. Later, when the Gold Rush of 1849 generated a huge market for lumber, Bolinas became the port for nearby timber operations and, briefly, quarrying limestone. By the late 1960s, Bolinas had become home to a large community of hippies, many of whom had left San Francisco's Haight-Ashbury for a less populated paradise. In 1971, they succeeded in scrapping a master plan calling for a population of 28,000 by imposing a moratorium on new homes and defeating efforts to widen its access highway. Instead, a plan was approved that made agriculture, fishing, and small business the town's economic base. Bolinas soon gained renown for its unusual structures and recreational drug use.
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butcher shop, and school. Its post office was completed in 1882, and its first store opened in 1883. When the railroad era ended, growth was slow. It was not until after World War II that a medical center and a shopping center, including a drugstore, dentist, coffee shop, and library, had been completed. The train station became the local post office, while the former engine house was converted into a community center. In the 1970s, hippies established cottage industries in abandoned houses and shops. At the same time, the Coast Guard bought 30 acres of land formerly used as cattle pens, and built military housing. Continuing as the region's supply and service center, it is a popular destination with shops, restaurants, and an annual music festival.
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confusion, he soon left the area and hired Garcia to oversee it. A mere two years later, Berry sold nearly 9,000 acres (3,642 ha) of it to a sea captain, Joseph Snook, an act clearly prohibited by
Mexican law and grounds for forfeiture of the entire grant. Although Berry understandably wanted to keep the sale secret, Snook wanted legal title. He discovered that the only way he could obtain legal title of the land he had illegally purchased was to formally denounce Berry's ownership on the grounds that he had never occupied it. He was successful and gained legal title to the land he had illegally purchased, stocked it with 56 head of cattle, and, like Berry, hired Garcia to oversee it. Three months after he won legal title, he illegally sold it.
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755:'s 2,600 acres of coastal scrub and grasslands. In 1999, 100 elk from Tomales Point were moved to the Limantour wilderness area of the Seashore and above Drakes Beach to Ranch A, as that ranch's long-term lease expired and was not renewed. The drought in 2012–2015 was also a threat to the elk confined north of the fence on Tomales Point, with nearly half the elk there dying from lack of water. In 2012 there were 540 elk, then only 357 in 2013, and by 2014 only 286. In August and September 2020, drought and wildfires again threaten the Tomales Point elk, leading some conservationists to illegally bring water to the elk north of the fence. Half of the ten Point Reyes dairy cattle herds were infected with
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California and required rancheros to conduct surveys and make court appearances to retain their land that the confusing pattern of sales and trades were untangled. Most rancheros were eventually able to prove ownership. Unfortunately, by this time, they had run out of cash and were forced to sell to pay the survey and daunting legal fees. Entrepreneurial
Americans were delighted to capitalize on the opportunity. With cash in hand, they purchased these huge Mexican land grants, often paying less than $ 2 per acre, thus beginning Point Reyes's next chapter as a dairying empire.
227:. They left evidence of well over a hundred encampments on the peninsula, with a population estimated to have been nearly 3,000. Seasonal hunters and gatherers, they were nourished by fish, clams, mussels, and crab, in addition to the deer, elk, bear, mud hen, geese, and small game they hunted with spears and bows. The Coast Miwok utilized a variety of different plants growing at Point Reyes. Acorns served as a staple, as they could be stored in dry granaries to provide sustenance when food was less plentiful.
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329:. The National Historic Landmark designation has the landing as Drake's Cove at Point Reyes National Seashore. Drake's chaplain's observations about the areas inhabitants suggest the landing occurred near a Coast Miwok settlement. These notes describe the genial welcome Drake and his men received, complete with ceremony and gifts, as well as the landscape and wildlife, and included commentary about fog which frequently obscures the peninsula during the summer months.
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it had emerged as the region's commercial center with a post office, grocery store, saloon, butcher, livery stable, and two hotels. By 1867, a wagon road from San Rafael was built and a stage coach arrived twice a week. Druids Hall was completed in 1885. While this Olema chapter of the United
Ancient Order of Druids adhered to principles of mutual support, intellectual growth, and social consciousness, it also served as a temperance society.
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574:(NPS) study of possible seashore parks recommended acquisition of the peninsula. By 1958, a report was published recommending immediate NPS acquisition of 35,000 acres. Controversy raged, with environmentalists applauding the proposal and the ranchers opposing it. A compromise was crafted which allowed the ranchers to lease their land and continue dairying while coexisting with tourists and park activities. On September 13, 1962, President
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up the promise of wealth, he convinced his wife to come, bringing their surviving daughter. They thrived, and Oscar fathered four more
California-born daughters. Oscar soon convinced his younger brother, James, also a lawyer, to join him. They became known as San Francisco's foremost authorities on title litigation. Using their title expertise, they began acquiring Point Reyes land. When Oscar's oldest daughter married
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35 each. Unfortunately for Garcia, these gold-rich years ended quickly: in 1851, the United States passed a law requiring rancheros to prove legal ownership of their land grants. While the
Garcias continued ranching, their land began to disappear until, after 15 years of litigation, multiple court appearances, and high legal fees, Garcia had sold all but 3,085 acres (1,248 ha) of his grant at bargain prices.
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1653:, thus starting an 18-year study of the suggested Drake sites. The first formal Nomination to mark the Nova Albion site at Drake's Cove as a National Historic Landmark was provided to NPS on January 1, 1996. As part of its review, NPS obtained independent, confidential comments from professional historians. The NPS staff concluded that the Drake's Cove site is the "most probable"
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790:). A doctor bought the axis and fallow deer from the San Francisco Zoo in 1948 for his 5,000-acre hunting club, which later became part of the national seashore. In 2006, the park embarked on a plan to eradicate the non-native deer via contraception and culling, which succeeded despite controversy, over a twenty year program.
466:, it is believed to have included the entire Olema Valley from Tomales Bay to Bolinas Lagoon, although its borders were never clearly defined. Garcia's failure to survey and confirm boundaries, as required by Mexican law, set the stage for confusion and lengthy court battles when the rancho was dissolved.
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Although Garcia believed he owned virtually all of Point Reyes, another Point Reyes land grant was awarded the same year, 1836. It was given to an
Irishman, James Berry, who had become a Mexican citizen and colonel in the army. This land grant was also in the Olema Valley, and, to add to the boundary
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was established and padres began journeying to Point Reyes, intent on enticing the Coast Miwok to the mission. Although they were successful in convincing many to settle at the mission, it was soon clear that the Coast Miwoks were not thriving. Serious outbreaks of smallpox and pneumonia killed many.
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Woodley, S. R. and K. Grove, 2010, INTERPRETING PLEISTOCENE MARINE TERRACE DEPOSITS OVERLYING THE 82 Ka WAVE-CUT PLATFORM, POINT REYES PENINSULA, MARIN COUNTY, CALIFORNIA, San
Francisco State Univ, Paper No. 18-26, Cordilleran Section – 106th Annual Meeting, and Pacific Section, American Association
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As soon as the
Shafter dairies began to thrive, it became evident that Point Reyes needed a centrally located town for supplies, services, and entertainment. In 1857, a hotel and saloon were built and the young town was named "Olema", meaning "coyote" in the Coast Miwok dialect. Within three years,
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When Mexico lost
California to the United States, Garcia continued to prosper. Soon after the American takeover, the 1849 Gold Rush brought floods of prospectors. Where his wild cattle had been valued only for hides and tallow, he could now sell them to feed hungry gold-seekers, netting as much as $
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Despite reports of a lovely land populated by friendly tribes, Spain neglected
California until the second half of the 18th century. By that time, trade had become an important source of income, and it was becoming clear that the nation controlling California's harbors would reap incredible profits.
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Cermeno salvaged a small, open launch, likened to a large canoe, and loaded it with the 70 surviving crew members to begin the long journey home. After a grueling two-month voyage, remembered as a remarkable feat of seamanship, Cermeno and all crew arrived safely in Acapulco in January 1596. Despite
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Oscar was the first to arrive. A Vermont lawyer intent upon making his fortune and returning home as soon as possible, he left his family to journey to booming San Francisco. His separation from them became intolerable when his two youngest children died while he was away. Still not willing to give
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Unlike many rancheros, Garcia obeyed the law by actually living there. He built a wood and thatch home near what is now the National Seashore's Bear Valley Headquarters and soon had a home for his family as well as a headquarters for his extensive ranching operation which consisted of approximately
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Struggling with a decrepit, heavily laden ship and a tired crew, Cermeno explored the California coast, eventually anchoring near the Point Reyes inlet now called Drakes Estero. Within a few days, a November storm beached the ship where it listed and was relentlessly pounded by the furious surf. It
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Rumors of Drake's discovery of a safe harbor on the California coast intrigued the Spanish. Their trade between the Philippines and Mexico was booming, and they were constantly seeking safe harbors along their route. Many believe that Drake's discovery of such a harbor inspired the Spanish to order
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had 3,500 cows on 17 dairies and were producing over 700,000 pounds of butter a year. All their dairies were operated by renters. When the most industrious of these renters tried to buy the dairy they worked, they failed. Many eventually left, establishing some of California's other major dairies.
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Determined to supply booming San Francisco with its butter, by 1857, the partners began fencing significant expanses of land (eventually resulting in 40 miles of fencing), building homes and barns, and stocking the dairies with the pure-bred bulls and rams, some costing over $ 1,400. By 1868, they
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Despite their boundless optimism about the promise of Point Reyes, they were plagued by financial worries. After they passed, their children tried to hold on to the dairies, trying unsuccessfully to stop their decline despite aging ranches, sickening herds, and often unhappy tenants. Finally, in
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and received more than two dozen letters of support and none in opposition. At the Committee's meeting of November 9, 2011 in Washington, DC, representatives of the government of Spain, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and Congresswoman Lynn Wolsey all spoke in favor of the
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The Shafters lobbied hard for a railroad to serve Point Reyes. When it was finally built, it bypassed Olema, terminating, instead, two miles away. When the first train arrived early in 1875, Point Reyes Station was a cow pasture. By 1880, it had a hotel, saloon, blacksmith shop, livery stable,
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And so began a confusing series of sales and transfers that no one seemed to be able to untangle. Finally, in 1844, the rancheros themselves asked the Mexican government to investigate titles and clarify ownership. Little was clarified, and it was not until the United States took possession of
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It can get very foggy and windy during certain parts of the year at the lighthouse, and to be effective, the lighthouse had to be situated below the characteristic high fog. When foggy, visibility is so slim that one cannot even view the lighthouse from the top of the approximately 300 steps
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In 1992, Coast Miwok descendants established the Federated Indians of Graton Rancheria, and in December 2000, legislation passed granting the tribe federal recognition. The tribe has almost 500 members, who engage in a revival of traditional customs and ceremonies, often held in
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Those who survived sickened from a wide variety of other illnesses, such as colds and measles. Birth rates dropped, and mortality rates increased at an alarming rate. Since the missions depended upon healthy workers for their prosperity, these illnesses foretold their demise.
743:, wrote "I think the largest herd in the world roamed over the deep grasslands of Point Reyes...I fully believe there were a thousand elk in one herd." Although they had been completely extirpated from Point Reyes, in 1978, ten elk were reintroduced to Point Reyes from the
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in 1972, and numbers have now recovered to over 100,000. The first breeding pair was discovered on a sheltered beach below Point Reyes' Chimney Rock in 1981 and has multiplied at a remarkable 16% per year to the present population of 1,500 to 2,000 individuals each winter.
410:, the governor of Baja California, they began walking to the largest known harbor, Monterey Bay. Portolá expected more of a harbor than what they found at Monterey, and decided they must not have reached it yet. Pushing on north along the coast, they instead discovered
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Mexico gained independence from Spain and possession of California in 1821. Most mission land was subdivided and into large land grants used mainly for cattle ranching. Being mostly unsuitable for cattle, Point Reyes itself and Drake's Bay became part of
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and missionaries began journeying to Point Reyes to recruit them to move to the mission. While attempting to convert them, these missionaries introduced diseases that brought many deaths, fewer births, and significantly increasing infant mortality rates.
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laden with a luxury cargo of Chinese silks, spices, and Ming porcelain bound for Acapulco, Cermeno endured both the first of hundreds of documented shipwrecks at Point Reyes, as well as one of the most amazing journeys to safety. Among the crew were
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expedition, who promptly killed seven of the eight for their collections. The elephant seals managed to survive, and were finally protected by the Mexican government in 1922. Subsequently, the U.S. protection was strengthened after passage of the
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When England, France, and Russia began to covet California's coast, the King of Spain knew it was time to fortify it. To identify sites for presidios and missions, an overland expedition of 67 men and 100 pack mules left San Diego in 1769. Led by
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had a geographical distribution from Cape Lazaro (about 1/4 of the way up the Baja peninsula) in the south to Point Reyes in the north". They were thought to be extinct in 1884 until a remnant population of eight individuals was discovered on
1670:: no additional comments were received. At the Board's meeting on December 1, 2011 in Florida, the Nomination was further reviewed: the Board approved the nomination unanimously. On October 16, 2012, Secretary of the Interior
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the shores of Tomales Bay and the coast. There are close to 150 miles (241 km) of trails, including the popular Bear Valley Trail, which starts from the Visitor Center. Point Reyes National Seashore offers some of the finest
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759:(aka Johne's Disease) along with exotic deer in a 1977 study. Tule elk became infected within two years of their reintroduction to the peninsula with this disease, which was brought to North America with
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were tested in the shallow waters off Point Reyes following shipyard repairs. Navy safety personnel used a small monitoring and communications hut on the peninsula for monitoring submarines during these
767:, can induce abortions in pregnant cattle, elk, and bison, and was also brought to North America by importation of Eurasian cattle. Pt. Reyes cattle have also infected the tule elk population.
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by the sailors of clipper ships on the meat trade. (Lobes are ridges of slide material commonly referred to in the literature from erosion events and the point is of that shape out to sea.)
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were dismantled, virtually all of Point Reyes was given to 'Rafael Garcia, a corporal in the Mexican Army, who was awarded two leagues (8,911 acres (3,606 ha)) in March 1836. Named
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The lighthouse serves a great purpose in such a foggy area, as there is no beach to wash up on; it is on a rocky cliff. Day or night, the light may be the only thing visible to ships.
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Drake landing site. The National Park System Advisory Board Landmarks Committee sought public comments on the Port of Nova Albion Historic and Archaeological District Nomination
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Although early explorers and Spanish trading galleons journeying between the Philippines and Acapulco passed by Point Reyes, some even anchoring briefly, it is the landing by Sir
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runs along the peninsula's northwest-southeast spine, with forested peaks around 430 metres (1,410 ft). West of the ridge, the land flattens out and the vegetation turns to
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his amazing journey, Cermeno received no celebratory welcome, for he had not only lost his ship and cargo, but had also failed to locate the safe harbor he was ordered to find.
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Japan, Pitcairn, San Francisco Farallon Islands, above the Fog Bank, (c. 1891) Alan Bruce Harper and friend Mr. F.W. Wilsden (Liverpool apprentices) Logs "picking up a pilot"
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range transported north from Southern California by movement along the San Andreas fault. Simply speaking, the peninsula consists of three major members: the Salinian
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signed the bill authorizing the acquisition of 53,000 acres and allocating $ 13 million. Eventually 18,000 acres purchased by the NPS were leased back to ranchers.
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that dominates discussion of this era of Point Reyes early history. Some experts believe that he landed somewhere near the area on June 17, 1579, and proclaimed it
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means "leftover") in 1843. This was only a few years before cession of California to the United States, which led to decades of confusion and boundary battles.
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Although the Coast Miwok periodically interacted with European explorers, they continued their habitation until late in the 18th century when the Spanish built
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signed the nomination, and on October 17, 2012, The Drakes Bay Historic and Archaeological District was formally announced as a new National Historic Landmark.
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soon broke apart, killing several men and dumping the precious cargo, some of which was eventually collected and used by the local Coast Miwok inhabitants.
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Riemann, H.; M.R. Zaman; R. Ruppanner; O. Aalund; J.B. Jorgensen; H. Worsaae; D. Behyer (1979). "Paratuberculosis in cattle and free-living exotic deer".
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Galloway, A. J, 1977, Geology of the Point Reyes Peninsula, Marin County, California: California division of mines and geology bulletin, v. 202.
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637:(DBOC) has ceased operations, and most infrastructure has been removed from the site. The closure comes as a result of their lease ending.
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in the winter months. More than 70,000 acres (300 km) of habitat harbor an incredible variety of bird life. There are also popular
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2143:"Testing for Mycobacterium avium ss. paratuberculosis infection in asymptomatic free-ranging adult tule elk from an infected herd"
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that he counted 400 elk in a single herd on Pt. Reyes in the 1840's. Stephen J. Richardson, son of Marin County pioneer
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271:(Spanish for "Point of the Kings"), which has transformed into the modern Spanish–English name mixture of Point Reyes.
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The marine mammals of the northwestern coast of North America: together with an account of the American whale-fishery
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Grove, Karen (1993). "Latest Cretaceous basin formation within the Salinian terrane of west-central California".
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established large-scale successful dairy operations. 13 of the 31 dairies they established still operate today.
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Much of the peninsula's coastline is made up of rocky cliffs, though there are also expansive sandy beaches.
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Jessup, D.A.; B. Abbas; D. Behymer; P.J. Gogan (1981). "Paratuberculosis in tule elk in California".
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1937, an era ended when the last of the Shafter Empire was sold, ushering in a new parade of owners.
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The contemporary inhabitants of the Point Reyes area at the time of European arrival were the Coast
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2413:"Trail Guide & Suggested Hikes - Point Reyes National Seashore (U.S. National Park Service)"
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Settlement patterns at Point Reyes were forever changed when the Shafters acquired it. Brothers
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Beginning with Portolá's expedition, Spain began establishing presidios and missions. By 1817,
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nomination: there was no opposition. Staff and the Drake Navigators Guild's president,
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The distinctive shapes of Point Reyes, Drakes Bay, and Tomales Bay as seen from the air
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In cooperation with the NPS, volunteers have restored and maintain a historic coastal
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Manning, E.J.B.; Kucera, T.E.; Gates, N.B.; Woods, L.M.; Fallon-McKnight, M. (2003).
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The Drake's Cove site began its review by the National Park Service (NPS) in 1994
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782:, respectively) used to inhabit Point Reyes, where they competed with native
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sighted and named "Cabo de Pinos" (Point Reyes), but missed the entrance to
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2066:"Drought and Wildfire Threaten Tule Elk at Point Reyes National Seashore"
1506:"Sir Francis Drake 'first set foot on US soil in San Francisco Bay area'"
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The War Against the Seals: A History of the North American Seal Fishery
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Fray Juan Crespi: Missionary Explorer on the Pacific Coast, 1769–1774
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2241:"Recovery: Mending Point Reyes, a Park Impaired by Invasive Mammals"
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The peninsula is a popular recreational destination for the nearby
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2189:"Point Reyes Elk Test Positive for Disease. Are cattle to blame?"
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Days of the Dons: Reminiscences of California's Oldest Native Son
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in the United States. It is also one of the best places to watch
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Climate data for Point Reyes (1914–1943; temperatures 1917–1926)
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stations operating in the world, and is the only one in the U.S.
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on the southeast. The majority of the peninsula as well as the
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3,000 cattle, 400 horses, and large herds of sheep and hogs.
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Portolá's inland expedition and the establishment of missions
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10.1130/0016-7606(1993)105<0447:LCBFWT>2.3.CO;2
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Stephen J. Richardson (1918). James Hepburn Wilkins (ed.).
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589:), at Point Reyes. It remains one of the few commercial
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on its southern side. The headland is largely drained by
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in 1995 burned part of Inverness Ridge, as well as the
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Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
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Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
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1779:"Druids in Marin County | Marin County Free Library"
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National Audubon Society: Field Guide to California
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841:The entire Point Reyes Peninsula is a piece of the
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Marine Mammals of the Northwestern Coast of America
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1719:Coast of Dreams: California on the Edge, 1990-2003
570:As developers and loggers submitted plans, a 1956
1722:. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. p. 158.
922:and published in local newspapers, including the
246:"Valley of the Bear", a replica Miwok village in
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430:and San Francisco Bay, since they had no boats.
1749:. HathiTrust Digital Library. pp. 226–227.
1873:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T13581A45227116.en
172:, up onto the beach for repairs in June 1579.
2481:
1991:. Oakland, California: Biobooks. p. 245.
288:
266:
8:
1834:Maritime Radio Historical Society of America
1801:"Far-out music at this year's Far West Fest"
1696:
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66:
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931:
860:Point Reyes is bounded to the east by the
793:Vegetation native to Point Reyes includes
191:Point Reyes lends its name to the town of
1871:
1620:Point Reyes National Seashore Association
1616:"Kule Loklo Coast Miwok Cultural Exhibit"
1598:"Early European Explorers at Point Reyes"
1592:
1590:
1338:Source: Western Regional Climate Center
422:pilot Cabrera Bueno) Point Reyes and the
2342:of Petroleum Geologists, 27–29 May 2010.
763:. Another nonnative, bacterial disease,
527:Four towns can be found on Point Reyes:
2834:Landforms of the San Francisco Bay Area
1843:
1841:
1497:
1397:
275:On November 13, 1542, Spanish explorer
2309:Geological Society of America Bulletin
2273:. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. pp.
1538:Johnson, Trisha (September 18, 2020).
868:. The Point Reyes Peninsula is on the
198:The point may once have been known as
2824:Landforms of Marin County, California
2728:Bolinas-Stinson Union School District
2382:
2380:
1934:. McGill-Queen's Press. p. 187.
214:South Beach and Point Reyes Peninsula
7:
2627:Golden Gate National Recreation Area
1359:necessary to walk down to reach it.
1349:Point Reyes South Beach on foggy day
902:deposits of the southern peninsula.
293:("Kings' Point") when his ship, the
2388:"Lighthouse History at Point Reyes"
2187:Alison Hawkes (February 28, 2016).
1859:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
1486:Coastline as seen from Chimney Rock
876:. The peninsula is a member of the
126:. The term is often applied to the
2672:Rancho Punta de los Reyes Sobrante
2265:Alden, Peter; Heath, Fred (2008).
1407:Stairway to Point Reyes Lighthouse
444:Rancho Punta de los Reyes Sobrante
166:who possibly hauled his ship, the
25:
2761:Shoreline Unified School District
1894:Charles Melville Scammon (2007).
1799:Paul Liberatore (July 15, 2010).
1703:Point Reyes, A HarborTown History
745:San Luis National Wildlife Refuge
2444:
2430:
1479:
1467:
1455:
1439:
1424:
1412:
1400:
895:sedimentary rocks, and the late
880:, a segment of the southernmost
355:
344:
53:
2239:Ted Williams (March 23, 2016).
788:Odocoileus hemionus columbianus
669:Beginning in the 18th century,
612:In April and May 1979, part of
837:Satellite photo of Point Reyes
460:Spanish missions in California
1:
2849:Point Reyes National Seashore
2667:Point Reyes National Seashore
2460:Point Reyes National Seashore
2438:San Francisco Bay Area portal
2218:Point Reyes National Seashore
1987:Joseph Warren Revere (1947).
1900:. Heyday Books. p. 115.
1716:Kevin Starr (February 2006).
1602:Point Reyes National Seashore
1419:Point Reyes Lighthouse in fog
845:transported northward by the
741:Captain William A. Richardson
248:Point Reyes National Seashore
144:Point Reyes National Seashore
2748:North Pacific Coast Railroad
2147:Journal of Wildlife Diseases
2068:. Western Watersheds Project
1928:Briton Cooper Busch (1987).
1577:"Coast Miwok at Point Reyes"
705:Marine Mammal Protection Act
1743:Bolton, Herbert E. (1927).
1395:on and near the peninsula.
1124:Mean daily minimum °F (°C)
1054:Mean daily maximum °F (°C)
778:(originally from India and
374:Sebastian Rodriguez Cermeno
114:tourist destination on the
27:Cape in Northern California
2865:
2159:10.7589/0090-3558-39.2.323
2045:. AP Press. April 16, 2015
1462:Point Reyes on a foggy day
1337:
934:
717:Cervus canadensis nannodes
602:Mare Island Naval Shipyard
2006:. San Francisco Bulletin.
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635:Drakes Bay Oyster Company
600:, submarines repaired at
464:Rancho Tomales y Baulines
454:Rancho Tomales y Baulines
325:(New England) during his
254:Early Spanish exploration
142:are protected as part of
2839:Peninsulas of California
2733:California State Route 1
1989:Naval Duty in California
1824:Baker, Gayle, p. 97–102.
916:National Weather Service
891:basement, the overlying
737:Naval Duty in California
683:Charles Melville Scammon
585:marine station, KSM (ex-
523:The towns of Point Reyes
130:, the region bounded by
2829:Headlands of California
2462:, National Park Service
2220:. National Park Service
1852:Mirounga angustirostris
1760:Marin County rancho map
1705:. HarborTown Histories.
1389:northern elephant seals
1378:on its many trails and
925:San Francisco Chronicle
675:Mirounga angustirostris
671:northern elephant seals
277:Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo
44:Point Reyes Aerial View
2707:Tomales Bay State Park
1848:Hückstädt, L. (2015).
1434:grazing by the seaside
1372:San Francisco Bay Area
1350:
838:
666:
665:grazing at Point Reyes
654:
626:and the small town of
624:Point Reyes Lighthouse
554:
551:Point Reyes Lighthouse
501:James McMillan Shafter
314:
289:
272:
267:
215:
92:
45:
37:
2392:National Park Service
2022:National Park Service
1967:National Park Service
1866:: e.T13581A45227116.
1701:Baker, Gayle (2011).
1665:Edward Von der Porten
1581:National Park Service
1348:
836:
815:California blackberry
660:
648:
572:National Park Service
549:
365:Point Reyes shipwreck
312:
261:
213:
134:on the northeast and
128:Point Reyes Peninsula
43:
35:
18:Point Reyes Peninsula
2587:Audubon Canyon Ranch
1512:. October 21, 2012.
1474:Point Reyes seashore
984:Record high °F (°C)
874:North American Plate
735:, wrote in his book
725:Joseph Warren Revere
711:California's native
497:Oscar Lovell Shafter
2796: /
2766:Tomales High School
2580:Geography and parks
2561:Point Reyes Station
2321:1993GSAB..105..447G
2064:Deborah Moskowitz.
1194:Record low °F (°C)
920:Point Reyes Station
912:U.S. Weather Bureau
851:Tehachapi Mountains
541:Point Reyes Station
509:Charles Webb Howard
478:Confused boundaries
193:Point Reyes Station
112:Northern California
2800:37.997°N 123.020°W
2771:West Marin Citizen
2352:Central California
2245:Cool Green Science
1765:2016-05-03 at the
1656:and "most likely"
1638:Lighthouse Friends
1351:
839:
727:, the grandson of
667:
655:
555:
491:The Shafter Family
435:Mission San Rafael
315:
290:Punto de los Reyes
285:Sebastián Vizcaíno
273:
268:Punto de los Reyes
263:Sebastián Vizcaíno
232:Mission San Rafael
216:
154:The cape protects
106:") is a prominent
46:
38:
2779:
2778:
2755:Point Reyes Light
2647:Nicasio Reservoir
2612:Copper Mine Gulch
2284:978-0-679-44678-1
2214:"Non-Native Deer"
2122:(11): 1252–1254.
1941:978-0-7735-0610-7
1907:978-1-59714-061-4
1729:978-0-679-74072-8
1634:"Point Reyes, CA"
1374:, especially for
1342:
1341:
862:San Andreas Fault
847:San Andreas Fault
784:black-tailed deer
729:Revolutionary War
651:black-tailed deer
412:San Francisco Bay
408:Gaspar de Portolá
305:Sir Francis Drake
281:San Francisco Bay
182:Mount Vision fire
164:Sir Francis Drake
16:(Redirected from
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265:named the cape
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121:
118:. Located in
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42:
34:
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2781:
2754:
2687:Rodeo Lagoon
2661:
2657:Pirates Cove
2652:Olema Valley
2516:Dillon Beach
2407:
2395:. Retrieved
2391:
2367:. Retrieved
2358:
2347:
2337:
2312:
2308:
2302:
2293:
2268:
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2250:September 2,
2248:. Retrieved
2244:
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2224:December 23,
2222:. Retrieved
2217:
2208:
2196:. Retrieved
2192:
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2150:
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2072:September 2,
2070:. Retrieved
2059:
2049:September 2,
2047:. Retrieved
2037:
2027:September 5,
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2003:
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1988:
1982:
1972:September 5,
1970:. Retrieved
1957:
1947:September 5,
1945:. Retrieved
1930:
1923:
1913:September 5,
1911:. Retrieved
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1863:
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1773:
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1580:
1559:
1547:. Retrieved
1543:
1533:
1521:. Retrieved
1510:The Guardian
1509:
1500:
1450:on the beach
1393:oyster farms
1385:birdwatching
1380:sea kayaking
1369:
1361:
1357:
1268:inches (mm)
923:
909:
859:
840:
807:monkeyflower
803:coyote brush
792:
787:
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736:
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690:
686:
685:recorded in
674:
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633:As of 2015,
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169:Golden Hinde
167:
153:
127:
120:Marin County
110:and popular
96:de los Reyes
48:
47:
29:
2803: /
2791:123°01′12″W
2702:Tomales Bay
2677:Rodeo Beach
2662:Point Reyes
2637:Kent Island
2198:October 30,
2172:October 30,
1672:Ken Salazar
897:Pleistocene
889:crystalline
799:Douglas-fir
795:bishop pine
776:fallow deer
770:Non-native
765:brucellosis
733:Paul Revere
700:Smithsonian
596:During the
428:Golden Gate
378:San Agustin
335:San Agustin
323:Nova Albion
132:Tomales Bay
98:, meaning "
49:Point Reyes
2844:West Marin
2818:Categories
2788:37°59′49″N
2692:Sears Rock
2682:Rodeo Cove
2617:Drakes Bay
2546:Muir Beach
2497:West Marin
2193:Bay Nature
2018:"Tule Elk"
1492:References
1366:Recreation
886:Cretaceous
811:poison oak
780:Asia Minor
607:sea trials
591:Morse code
389:mariners.
242:Kule Loklo
156:Drakes Bay
2721:Community
2632:Gull Rock
2536:Lagunitas
2526:Inverness
2397:April 13,
1810:April 13,
1518:0261-3077
1333:(432.26)
914:(now the
772:axis deer
749:Los Banos
649:A female
628:Inverness
537:Inverness
458:When the
188:in 2020.
140:headlands
2541:Marshall
2504:Villages
2369:June 19,
2167:36109118
1763:Archived
1432:Tule elk
1264:Average
893:Pliocene
866:Syncline
731:patriot
713:tule elk
663:tule elk
598:Cold War
448:Sobrante
416:Pacifica
387:Filipino
299:Epiphany
295:Capitana
150:Overview
108:landform
2571:Tomales
2551:Nicasio
2521:Dogtown
2511:Bolinas
2317:Bibcode
2128:7328012
1784:July 7,
1308:(0.76)
1174:(10.4)
1169:(10.7)
1164:(10.2)
1119:(13.7)
1114:(13.0)
1109:(15.2)
1104:(16.1)
1099:(16.1)
1094:(14.4)
1089:(14.2)
1084:(13.7)
1079:(12.4)
1074:(12.5)
1069:(12.1)
1064:(12.3)
1059:(12.3)
906:Climate
829:Geology
679:blubber
641:Ecology
619:The Fog
529:Bolinas
206:History
180:. The
102:of the
89:Spanish
2364:"WRCC"
2281:
2165:
2126:
2101:500426
2099:
1938:
1904:
1805:eToday
1726:
1516:
1376:hiking
1313:(9.1)
1303:(1.0)
1298:(6.4)
1189:(8.9)
1184:(8.2)
1179:(9.9)
1159:(9.7)
1154:(9.1)
1149:(8.2)
1144:(7.9)
1139:(7.4)
1134:(7.7)
1129:(7.3)
940:Month
539:, and
2556:Olema
2163:S2CID
1331:17.05
1328:(84)
1323:(44)
1318:(26)
1293:(17)
1288:(31)
1283:(49)
1278:(77)
1273:(87)
1259:(−1)
1199:(−1)
1049:(32)
1044:(21)
1039:(26)
1034:(32)
1029:(31)
1024:(22)
1019:(24)
1014:(29)
1009:(27)
1004:(27)
999:(24)
994:(24)
989:(26)
979:Year
819:salal
747:near
661:Male
533:Olema
225:Miwok
178:scrub
104:Kings
94:Punta
2753:The
2738:KWMR
2399:2012
2371:2015
2279:ISBN
2252:2020
2226:2013
2200:2021
2174:2021
2124:PMID
2097:PMID
2074:2020
2051:2020
2029:2011
1974:2011
1949:2011
1936:ISBN
1915:2011
1902:ISBN
1881:2021
1864:2015
1812:2012
1786:2020
1724:ISBN
1551:2023
1525:2023
1514:ISSN
1326:3.32
1321:1.73
1316:1.03
1311:0.36
1306:0.03
1301:0.04
1296:0.25
1291:0.66
1286:1.23
1281:1.94
1276:3.05
1271:3.41
1254:(1)
1249:(6)
1244:(8)
1239:(8)
1234:(7)
1229:(8)
1224:(4)
1219:(4)
1214:(4)
1209:(2)
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1177:49.9
1172:50.7
1167:51.2
1162:50.4
1157:49.4
1152:48.3
1147:46.7
1142:46.3
1137:45.4
1132:45.9
1127:45.1
1117:56.7
1112:55.4
1107:59.4
1102:61.0
1097:61.0
1092:57.9
1087:57.6
1082:56.7
1077:54.4
1072:54.5
1067:53.8
1062:54.1
1057:54.2
976:Dec
973:Nov
970:Oct
967:Sep
964:Aug
961:Jul
958:Jun
955:May
952:Apr
949:Mar
946:Feb
943:Jan
910:The
821:and
774:and
499:and
380:, a
100:Cape
85:-iss
2325:doi
2313:105
2155:doi
2120:179
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616:'s
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