569:). The armorial panel does not date from the marriage between the Montgomery and Eglinton families as shown by Sir John's seal which did not bear his wife's quartered arms; the only inclusion of the Eglinton family at this time was an annulet placed in the centre of the Montgomery shield bearing the fleur-de-lis. His son quartered the arms as shown in the illustrations. The quarter panels on the Eglinton Castle example are a mirror image of the standard Montgomerie coat of arms, the only other example noted of this arrangement is that to be found above the entrance and on the ceiling of the ], belonging to Sir Robert Montgomerie, conjoined with those of his wife, Margaret Douglas. The reason for this heraldic arrangement is unknown; it may be a simple error as in the
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705:, Aiket, some other members of the Cunninghame clan and shot dead. This murder was a result of a long-standing feud between the two families, involving in 1523, no less than 22 recorded raids upon the Montgomeries by the Cunninghames. Most other versions have the earl departing from Eglinton; certainly, the Annick Water lies on the route from Eglinton Castle to Stirling, via Eaglesham, and at that point lies close to Polnoon Castle. Metcalfe's version has the earl killed about six miles from Polnoon on a tryst to Stirling, on the 18 April.
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806:. It has some hollows and the RCAHMS record that many years ago the 'Laird's son' went digging for gold here and found nothing. Feudal justice may have been dispensed on this 'Justice or Court Hill' and another knoll nearby named Gallowshill was where execution of the 'doom' or sentence would have taken place. Ned's Mount and the Topfauld's Plantation lie off the Humbie Road. The Moot or Moat Hill in the Orry is also said to have been a
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within a double tressure flory counterflory Gules (Seton); Azure, three garbs Or (Buchan), overall an escutcheon parted per pale Gules and Azure, the dexter charged with a sword in pale Proper, pommelled and hilted Or, supporting an imperial crown, the sinister charged with star of twelve points Argent, all within a double tressure flory counterflory Gold.
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Cheapside House was built by the 11th Earl in the 1770s for his Estate Factor, the lands of the estate at that time being 15,000 acres in extent. It was built as a miniature version of
Polnoon Lodge which it faces across the Town Area. The Earl's kennels for his hunting dogs were located on a site at
537:
nearby. There is no sign of a bailey or outworks on the east. The unusually chaotic condition of the masonry prevents any clear attempt at a plan of the ruins. At the northwest corner of the mound is the angle of what must have been a massive wall. At the base of the slopes at the southeast end is a
524:
On the east side are indications of a ditch that ran across the promontory. The main entry to
Polnoon may have been to the east of the enclosure as the range on the south extends in that direction. The castle remains do show signs of post-medieval use, possibly as a free-standing dwelling. There are
501:
The motte lies about a mile south of
Eaglesham church, sitting on a promontory with views of the surrounding countryside. The mound is rectangular, 30 by 22 m base, 18 by 10 m top, at least 4 m high and may have been built for an earlier castle of the Montgomerys, for the later structure encased the
481:
One suggestion is that the name
Polnoon is a corruption of the old Scots word 'poinding', meaning a ransom, however the word 'Pol' may instead refer to a pool in a river, such as is present below Polnoon's site. Blaeu's map of circa 1654 records the castle as 'Pounuyn'. Punone is the name applied in
737:
created Hugh, fifth Lord
Montgomery, Earl of Eglington (sic) in 1503. Polnoon Castle was refurbished for occupation in 1617, but was a ruin by 1676 and rapidly fell into decay, no doubt being robbed for building materials when the earl's new village of Eaglesham was being built in the 18th century,
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Quarterly, 1st & 4th grand quarters, counterquartered, Azure three fleurs-de-lis Or (Montgomerie); & three annulets Or, stoned Azure (Eglinton); all within a bordure Or charged with a double tressureflory counterflory Gules;2nd & 3rd grand quarters, counterquartered, Or, three crescents
560:
The
Montgomery armorial arms panel would have originally been set in a recess above the entrance to the castle, possibly placed there during the 17th century improvements; it was removed at some point and can now be seen above the door of the old Cross Keys Inn in Montgomery Street, Eaglesham. This
792:
is a hamlet situated across the
Polnoon Burn to the west, centred on the Millhall Mill; now converted as private housing. The mill pond, dam and sluice are still present. This is not the site however of an old feudal barony mill. A mill lade or water control diversion is clearly indicated on Roy's
801:
Every feudal barony had a moot and gallows hill associated with it for the meetings of the baronial court; in the case of the
Eaglesham barony the Castle Hill or the Deil's (Devil's) Planting, a tree-covered knoll, possibly a tumulus or motte close to Castlehill Farm, may have been the site of a
308:
Ransoming important captives was the custom in the 14th century and Sir John used the money paid over by the
English for the release of Hotspur to build himself a fine castle at Polnoon. It is said that following the chivalrous treatment of his captive, Sir John gained the lasting friendship and
785:
Polnoon Farm is located nearby; the Poll Tax Roll of 1695 lists the farm as being owned by the
Wallace family and supporting 3 households. Mains Farm may have been more closely associated with the castle in the past as the term suggests that it was the home farm of Polnoon, possibly in the 17th
760:
The Earl of Eglinton's trustees sold the entire Eaglesham Estate in 1844, including Polnoon Castle to defray the costs of the Eglinton Tournament of 1839. Anstruther has it that the 13th earl sold the estates to pay off his grandfather's (12th Earl) debts circa 1834 for £220,000.
259:, the founder of the house of Stewart. Eaglesham may well have come into the possession of the Montgomery family during Walter's floruit, since the family were certainly lairds of Eaglesham at a later date, and a certain Robert of Montgomery was one of Walter's prominent tenants.
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Polnoon Lodge in Eaglesham was originally built as a hunting lodge in the early eighteenth century by Alexander, ninth Earl of Eglinton after Polnoon Castle was abandoned. The original house was built in 1733, the present B-Listed house however dates to the later 18th century.
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Today (2009) large chunks of masonry appear almost randomly scattered across the site and in the Polnoon Water; very little remains in place as recognisable structures. On the west side, the ground falls steeply to the Polnoon Water, which forms a confluence with the
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Hugh's body was carried to Edinburgh Castle, together with the trophies of Percy's spear and pennon. These have remained with the Montgomery family to the present day (2013). Hugh's body was taken for burial to his home lands and his coffin now lies in the
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The old castle doors are recorded as being in the 'Edinburgh Museum', a stone from the castle bearing a Masonic symbol is in use as a gravestone in the churchyard and a piece of furniture is in the Glasgow Art Gallery.
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were obtained by the marriage in 1368 of John de Montgomery with Elizabeth, daughter and heiress of Sir Hugh Eglinton, by a half-sister (Robert and Egidia share the same father, but have different mothers), Egidia, of
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and Norman lords often apportioned lands near their castles for their servants. Boreland also meant the land that was granted to the feudal superior specifically to be used to furnish food for his castle or dwelling.
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century. A second building is shown as present near to the castle on Roy's map; this may be Polnoon farm. In 1796 Polnoon Farm is shown and a lane runs directly to Mains Farm.
305:, nicknamed 'Hotspur' in single combat and holding him ransom. Sir John's mother was a Douglas and a long term feud had existed between the Percy and Douglas families.
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It is related that Sir John Montgomery caused a spur (Hotspur) to be carved and placed above the door of the castle in memory of his exploits with Henry, Lord Percy.
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1675:
A Genealogical History of the family of Montgomery comprising the lines of Eglinton and Braidstane in Scotland and Mount-Alexander and Grey-Abbey in Ireland
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Following the fourteenth century inter-marriage of the Montgomery family and the sole heiress of the Eglinton family, the unification of the baronies of
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in 1654 illustrates Polnoon as a central single-storey house with a flanking building on each side, joined to the centre by a fence-like structure.
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Illustrations of the castle are scarce, however John Ainslie's 1799 survey of the Eglinton Estates includes a vignette of the Polnoon Castle ruins.
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circa 1769. Blaeu's map of circa 1654 shows the castle of Pounuyn (sic) as being intact. Ainslie's map of 1796 shows the castle as a ruin.
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Sir Hugh Montgomery, the son of this Sir John, was slain at the Battle of Otterburn by an arrow fired by an English archer as recorded in
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On 19 April 1586, Hugh, 4th earl, is said to have set out from Polnoon on a journey to Stirling, and whilst crossing the bridge over the
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took place. Eglinton Castle became the seat of the Montgomerys and Polnoon became of relatively minor importance, especially after King
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castle mound itself. The north-west corner of the tower, and the north range rise from the bedrock 3m below the base of the motte.
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admiration of Sir Henry Percy and that he may have even assisted in the technical design and construction of the fortifications.
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The dwellings of Mid and High Boreland carry a name that links them with a castle that must have been nearby. A 'Boor' meant a
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The pennon of Sir Henry Percy as first captured by James Douglas, Earl of Douglas and later taken by Sir John Montgomery. (See
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of England for their estates in 1296. A later Sir John, the ninth Laird or Baron of Eaglesham, was one of the heroes of the
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The ballad of the 'Battle of Otterburne' commemorates the events of 1388 that led to these developments:
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MacGibbon & Ross record the castle name as 'Palnoon' and only refer to the site, describing it as
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271:
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The kingdom of the Scots: government, church and society from the eleventh to the fourteenth century
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The Eaglesham Feuars Association was established in 1774 and worked closely with the Estate Factor.
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strongly sited on the summit of a steep conical mound'...and ..'fragments on masonry here and there.
54:
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The castellated and domestic architecture of Scotland from the twelfth to the eighteenth centuries
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Robert, likely an ancestor of the later Montgomerys family, appears as a witness in a charter to
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The Barony of Eaglesham (1158, Egilsham; 1309, Eglishame) formed part of the grant made by
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what is now Lynn Cottage within the Orry in an area still known as the Gamekeeper's Park.
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a 19th-century Montgomery family history. Buchan has is as 'Punoon' in 1840.
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Eaglesham Heritage Trail Guide. Eaglesham & Waterfoot Development Trust.
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coat of arms is a combination of the arms of the Montgomerie family (the
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Montgomerie coat of arms at the old Cross Keys Inn on Montgomery Street
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John, seventh baron of Eaglesham's daughter married Archibald Mure of
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stretch of walling 1.6 m thick, possibly part of a courtyard wall.
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In heraldic terms the full Montgomerie arms are described :
1668:
History of the Counties of Ayr and Wigton. V. – II – Cunninghame
1585:
Clan Montgomery Society of North America. 1983 Tour of Scotland.
1381:, vol.2, Edinburgh (1859), p.276-7 (expenses of repairs in 1617)
819:
1643:
A History of the County of Renfrew from the Earliest Times.
392:
314:
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1622:
Historical Memoir of the family of Eglinton and Winton.
565:) and that of the Eglinton family (the signet rings or
453:
and their great-grand-daughter Elizabeth married King
1597:
The Nation Surveyed. Timothy Pont's Maps of Scotland.
289:
John de Montgomery and his brother are listed on the
1397:. National Library of Scotland. 1796. Archived from
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266:
The circa 1170 seal of John Montgomery of Eaglesham.
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1682:Ayrshire. Its History and Historic Families V. II.
1592:Strathclyde Department of Education. Ayr Division.
525:traces of a battered plinth along the south wall.
1508:
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1504:
556:The Armorial panel and other relics of the castle
1737:Scheduled Ancient Monuments in East Renfrewshire
781:The mill, mill pond and dam with its sluice-gate
1573:The Eglinton Tournament and Gentlemen Unmasked.
223:was a 14th-century fortification located on a
8:
1568:. Glasgow : William MacLellan & Co.
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855:The Devil's Mount or Castle Hill Plantation.
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545:The 1764 coat of arms of the Montgomerys,
460:In the fourteenth century the baronies of
371:But the Montgomerie was a courteous knight
20:
1575:London : Simpkin, Marshall & Co.
978:
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1516:. National Library of Scotland. 1747–52
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1634:MacGibbon, T. and Ross, D. (1887–92).
1231:
1229:
1016:"Origin of the Montgomery family name"
843:The top of the Castle Hill Plantation.
693:The murder of the 4th Earl of Eglinton
366:He stuck his sword-point in the ground
350:To whom shall I yield, said Earl Percy
341:Yield thee, yield thee, Percy, he said
77:
773:Polnoon Farm with castle motte behind
573:armorial panel which is upside down.
424:The gray goose-wing that was thereon,
361:As soon as he knew it was Montgomerie
7:
1722:Houses completed in the 14th century
1650:The Castles and Mansions of Ayrshire
1444:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1214:. National Library of Scotland. 1654
830:Views of the Castle Hill Plantation
485:
330:They swakked swords until they swat
1697:The Castles of South-West Scotland
1684:Glasgow : The Grimsay Press.
1564:Brown, Christina Roberton (1966).
440:Skelmorlie Aisle of Largs Old Kirk
14:
1645:Paisley : Alexander Gardner.
1631:. Edinburgh : David Douglas.
1595:Cunningham, Ian C. Edit. (2006).
1553:. Gloucester : Alan Sutton.
869:The old cot house at Polnoon Farm
701:he was attacked by the lairds of
1624:Ardrossan : Arthur Guthrie.
1305:Clan Montgomery Society, Page 10
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486:The castle's position and layout
376:And quickly took him by the hand
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1144:Clan Montgomery Society, Page 7
984:Barrow, Geoffrey Wallis Steuart
745:Polnoon Lodge, Gilmour Street,
687:Millhall Mill from Polnoon Farm
663:The Polnoon Burn from the motte
637:Large masonry block with mortar
395:
335:And their red blude ran between
317:
18:14th-century castle in Scotland
1599:Edinburgh : John Donald.
1448:Eaglesham Heritage Trail Guide
613:A masonry course still in situ
398:He had a bow bent in his hand,
355:Since I see that it maim be so
1:
1727:Villages in East Renfrewshire
1673:Reilly, Emilia G. S. (1842).
1641:Metcalfe, William M. (1905).
1379:Memorials of the Montgomeries
346:Or I swear I’ll lay thee low!
325:Of other they were richt fain
320:The Percy and Montgomerie met
1588:Cousins, Elizabeth M. B. L.
1582:. Edinburgh : Chambers.
415:Against Sir Hugh Montgomerie
406:An arrow of a clothyard long
247:The Montgomerys of Eaglesham
227:beside the Polnoon Water in
1680:Robertson, William (1908).
1627:Johnston, James B. (1903).
1580:Domestic Annals of Scotland
1551:The Knight and the Umbrella
1459:"The Gilmours of Eaglesham"
517:Eglinton Coat of Arms from
428:In his heart-blood was wet.
283:Eglinton Tournament of 1839
1753:
1314:MacGibbon, Pages 351 – 352
177:Significant rubble remains
1590:Montgomeries of Eglinton.
1578:Chambers, Robert (1885).
1350:Chambers, Pages 100 – 102
675:Polnoon Castle from below
419:So right the shaft he set
388:The Ballad of Chevy Chase
64:
52:
28:
1699:. Malvern : Folly.
1670:. Edinburgh: J. Stillie.
1620:Fullarton, John (1864).
1612:The Peerage of Scotland.
1610:Douglas, Robert (1764).
1549:Anstruther, Ian (1986).
961:. Gazetteer for Scotland
717:Millhall Mill and bridge
709:The demise of the castle
1732:Castles in Renfrewshire
1629:Place-Names of Scotland
1498:Anstruther, pages 52–53
1178:. Rambles Round Glasgow
765:The area around Polnoon
588:Views at Polnoon Castle
494:'s map as published by
410:Up to the head drew he:
1677:. Privately published.
1571:Buchan, Peter (1840).
1097:"Battle of Otterburne"
870:
797:Moot and Gallows hills
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402:Made of a trusty tree:
293:, rendering homage to
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1695:Salter, Mike (2009).
1377:Fraser, Willam, ed.,
1196:Millar, Pages 84 – 85
885:Eglinton Country Park
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1648:Millar, A.H. (1885)
1278:Cunningham, Page 122
601:Polnoon Castle motte
473:, King of Scotland.
272:Monastery of Paisley
59:Polnoon Castle mound
1471:on 8 September 2008
1287:MacGibbon, Page 402
1255:"East Renfrewshire"
446:in North Ayrshire.
301:in 1388, capturing
299:Battle of Otterburn
231:, in the Parish of
198:Sir John Montgomery
113: /
1489:Metcalfe, Page 393
1431:Portal to the Past
1401:on 23 October 2009
1341:Metcalfe, Page 133
1296:Fullarton, Page 10
1135:Paterson, Page 492
1117:Fullarton, Page 11
1053:Robertson, Page 49
1044:Fullarton, Page 13
992:St. Martin's Press
921:Johnston, Page 116
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206:Until 17th century
154:Controlled by
117:55.7346°N 4.2551°W
1652:. Grimsay Press.
1368:Douglas, Page 229
1359:Metcalfe, Page 89
1260:. Glasgow Museums
1005:Douglas, Page 227
930:Douglas, Page 228
651:An isolated block
547:Earls of Eglinton
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237:East Renfrewshire
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35:East Renfrewshire
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1638:, 5v, Edinburgh.
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1464:. Archived from
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1420:RCAHMS Eaglesham
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141:Site information
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1077:. Castleduncan
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1579:
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1518:. Retrieved
1514:"Roy's Maps"
1494:
1485:
1473:. Retrieved
1466:the original
1453:
1426:
1415:
1403:. Retrieved
1399:the original
1378:
1373:
1364:
1355:
1346:
1337:
1328:
1319:
1310:
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1262:. Retrieved
1249:
1240:
1216:. Retrieved
1192:
1180:. Retrieved
1158:
1149:
1140:
1131:
1122:
1113:
1101:. Retrieved
1099:. musicianet
1091:
1079:. Retrieved
1049:
1040:
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1019:. Retrieved
1010:
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963:. Retrieved
953:
944:
935:
926:
917:
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789:
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492:Timothy Pont
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190:14th century
182:Site history
164:Open to
149:Polnoon Farm
15:
1666:(1863–66).
1520:16 November
1475:17 November
1405:16 November
1323:Brown, p.12
1264:16 November
1218:16 November
1182:16 November
1176:"Eaglesham"
1103:16 November
1081:16 November
1021:16 November
965:16 November
959:"Eaglesham"
571:Stanecastle
496:Johan Blaeu
291:Ragman Roll
203:In use
120: /
96:Coordinates
1716:Categories
1614:Edinburgh.
896:References
793:1747 map.
703:Robertland
535:White Cart
105:55°44′05″N
45:NS58505132
37:, Scotland
1075:"Polnoon"
808:moot-hill
804:moot-hill
747:Eaglesham
731:Eaglesham
727:Ardrossan
471:Robert II
466:Ardrossan
455:Robert II
233:Eaglesham
211:Materials
174:Condition
108:4°15′18″W
31:Eaglesham
986:(1973),
861:See also
790:Millhall
735:James IV
723:Eglinton
567:annulets
477:The name
462:Eglinton
295:Edward I
241:Scotland
229:Millhall
1543:Sources
253:David I
169:Private
1703:
1688:
1656:
1603:
1557:
1469:(PDF)
1462:(PDF)
1258:(PDF)
901:Notes
444:Largs
225:motte
214:stone
187:Built
146:Owner
136:Tower
1701:ISBN
1686:ISBN
1654:ISBN
1601:ISBN
1555:ISBN
1522:2009
1477:2009
1407:2009
1266:2009
1220:2009
1184:2009
1105:2009
1083:2009
1023:2009
967:2009
820:serf
729:and
464:and
133:Type
442:at
39:UK
1718::
1503:^
1437:^
1386:^
1228:^
1201:^
1167:^
1058:^
990:,
975:^
810:.
725:,
457:.
390::
357:?
337:.
243:.
239:,
235:,
33:,
1707:.
1692:.
1660:.
1607:.
1561:.
1524:.
1479:.
1409:.
1268:.
1222:.
1186:.
1107:.
1085:.
1025:.
996:.
969:.
421:,
378:.
373:,
368:;
363:,
352:,
343:,
332:,
327:,
322:,
285:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
