626:, Vijayabahu dispatched three armies to attack Polonnaruwa from three fronts. One army was sent along the western shore of the country to the port of Mahathittha to deal with any reinforcements arriving from South India. Afterwards, part of this army moved towards Polonnaruwa and attacked from the northwest. A second army was sent from the east across Magama to attack Polonnaruwa from the east. The third and main force advanced across the country, led by the king. Surrounded by these three armies, Polonnaruwa was besieged for seven months before king Vijayabahu's forces entered the city. In 1070, Vijayabahu became the ruler of Polonnaruwa. At that time Sri Lanka was known as Thambapanni.
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Near the ancient city, there is a small town with several hotels and some glossy shops, and places to fulfil day-to-day needs. There are government institutions in a newly built area called “New Town,” about 6 km away from the town and the main road. The largest school in the district,
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Trade and agriculture flourished under the patronage of the famous grandson of King
Vijayabahu I of Polonnaruwa, king Prakramabahu the Great, who was so adamant that no drop of water falling from the heavens was to be wasted and each was to be used toward the development of the land. Hence,
732:
Today the ancient city of
Polonnaruwa remains one of the best-planned archaeological relic cities in the country, standing testimony to the discipline and greatness of the Kingdom's first rulers. Its beauty was also used as a backdrop to film scenes for the
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Age were constructed during
Parakramabahu's reign – systems which to this day supply the water necessary for paddy cultivation during the scorching dry season in the east of the country. The greatest of these systems is the
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or the Sea of
Parakrama which was also used as a large sea-going ship anchorage via the Mahaweli River. The Kingdom of Polonnaruwa was completely self-sufficient during King Parakramabahu's reign.
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646:, the other monarchs of Polonnaruwa were not as strong-willed and were prone to picking fights within their own court. They also went on to form more matrimonial alliances with stronger
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1220:, XII. Monuments of Polonnaruva: 632–677. (Hong Kong: Visual Dharma Publications, Ltd., 1990). ISBN 962-7049-05-0 / ISBN 978-962-7049-05-0
766:, but it is known as one of the cleanest and more beautiful cities in the country. The green environment, amazing ancient constructions,
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329:. The modern town of Polonnaruwa is also known as New Town, and the other part of Polonnaruwa remains as the royal ancient city of the
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directly as a Chola province. However, following the year 1070 AD ended the Chola rule in the island, and
Polonnaruwa was captured by
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Modern
Polonnaruwa is undergoing a major development project known as the "Awakening of Polonnaruwa," championed by former President
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340:'s kingdoms, Polonnaruwa was first established as a military post by the Sinhalese kingdom. It was renamed Jananathamangalam by the
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777:. The monkeys have been living in the ruins since the human occupation and continued to thrive there long after the humans left.
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Polonnaruwa was first established as a military post by the
Sinhalese kingdom. And, it was renamed Jananathamangalam by the
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946:. Department of History and Religion, University of Uppsala: Almqvist & Wiksell International. p. 709.
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The Golden Age of
Sculpture in Sri Lanka – Masterpieces of Buddhist and Hindu Bronzes from Museums in Sri Lanka
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1209:'The Satmahal Prasada: A Historic link between Lan Na and Sri Lanka', in: Forbes, Andrew, and Henley, David,
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770:(a huge lake built in 1200), and attractive tourist hotels and hospitable people, make it a tourism hotspot.
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in 1214, which saw the complete destruction of the metropolises of
Anuradhapura and Polonnaruwa by burning.
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kingdoms until these matrimonial links superseded the local royal lineage. This prompted an invasion by the
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after their successful invasion of the country's then capital, Anuradhapura, in the 10th century. The
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905:"President commences "Pibidemu Polonnaruwa" – The official website of the President of Sri Lanka"
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984:. Ceylon Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society: Colombo Apothecaries Company. 1920. p. 192.
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found at
Polonnaruwa. The name was perhaps a contraction of its ancient name
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611:. north and central parts of Sri Lanka was under this period ruled under
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temple at Polonnaruwa named after his queen, which presently is known as
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after their successful invasion of the country in the 10th century.
1026:. Government of India Central Publication Branch. 1986. p. 69.
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931:. University of Ceylon at the Government Press. 1904. p. 257.
607:. The temple among other contained Ganesha and Parvati statues of
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Anders Hultgård, Irāmaccantiran̲ Nākacāmi, Peter Schalk (2002).
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1982:
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Buddhism Among Tamils in Pre-colonial Tamilakam and Ilam Part 2
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form the second largest group. There are also small numbers of
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in 1982. The ancient city of Polonnaruwa has been declared a
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1083:. University of Jaffna: Thillimalar Ragupathy. p. 185.
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Ceylon Journal of Science: Zoology & geology. Section B
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The name Polonnaruwa is of unknown origin. Its Tamil form,
1054:. Vol. 22–23. University of Ceylon. 1964. p. 69.
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Journal of the Ceylon Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society
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irrigation systems that are far superior to those of the
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Another draw for tourists is the city's population of
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Early Settlements in Jaffna: An Archaeological Survey
1002:. Columbia University Press. pp. 51, 77, 86–88.
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Sri Lanka: Current Issues and Historical Background
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642:With the exception of his immediate successor,
622:Starting from Mahanagakula on the south of the
1213:Volume 1. Chiang Mai: Cognoscenti Books, 2012.
466:Ethnicity according to Polonnaruwa Town (2012)
426:, which probably was derived from the name of
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1068:. Department of Archeology. 1909. p. 27.
1066:Archeological survey of Ceylon: Annual Report
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966:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
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762:Polonnaruwa is the second largest city in
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868:. University of Madras. pp. 172–173.
720:Learn how and when to remove this message
348:has been declared a World Heritage Site.
44:Town in North Central Province, Sri Lanka
27:Town in North Central Province, Sri Lanka
1309:Old Town of Galle and its Fortifications
1252:Galvihara – a unique display of rock art
1024:Annual Report on South-Indian Epigraphy
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1100:. Harvard University Press. pp.
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2716:Former populated places in Sri Lanka
2181:Second Polonnaruwa War of Succession
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698:adding citations to reliable sources
619:also known as Vijayabahu the great.
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2146:First Polonnaruwa War of Succession
1963:
410:It was renamed under Chola rule as
208:https://www.polonnaruwa.dist.gov.lk
100:
2176:1173 Polonnaruwa invasion of Chola
25:
2706:Archaeological sites in Sri Lanka
2696:World Heritage Sites in Sri Lanka
1288:World Heritage Sites of Sri Lanka
1198:. Polonnaruva: Sooriya Printers.
884:World Heritage Convention, UNESCO
757:Polonnaruwa Royal Central College
327:North Central Province, Sri Lanka
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1522:Relic of the tooth of the Buddha
1218:Buddhist Sculptures of Sri Lanka
1196:The Glory of Ancient Polonnaruva
1194:Balasooriya, Jayasinghe (2004).
670:
99:
92:
79:
1579:Anuradhapura invasion of Pandya
1079:Ragupathy, Ponnampalam (1987).
422:as mentioned in the records of
418:. The place was later known as
403:meaning city of the Hindu sage
2035:Chola conquest of Anuradhapura
1584:Chola conquest of Anuradhapura
1:
2166:Pandyan Civil War (1169–1177)
998:Dehejia, Vidya (1990-10-18).
880:"Ancient City of Polonnaruwa"
759:is situated in the new town.
479:Ethnicity in Polonnaruwa Town
30:For the historic empire, see
2502:Dimbulagala Raja Maha Vihara
2196:1215 invasion of Polonnaruwa
2191:1212 invasion of Polonnaruwa
2186:1209 invasion of Polonnaruwa
1512:Gajabahu's invasion of Chola
197:Sri Lanka Standard Time Zone
39:Polonnaruwa (disambiguation)
1238:Ancient City of Polonnaruwa
1052:University of Ceylon Review
617:Vijayabahu I of Polonnaruwa
346:Ancient City of Polonnaruwa
305:
288:
230:Ancient City of Polonnaruwa
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1759:Anuradhapura Maha Viharaya
1000:Art of the Imperial Cholas
220:UNESCO World Heritage Site
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2537:Statue of Parakramabahu I
2029:
1938:
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1314:Golden Temple of Dambulla
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1243:"Discovering Polonnaruwa"
837:Statue of Parakramabahu I
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2379:Administrative divisions
1707:Administrative divisions
1334:Sinharaja Forest Reserve
1183:"Polonnaruwa, Sri Lanka"
832:Place names in Sri Lanka
802:Nissanka Latha Mandapaya
2628:Panakaduwa copper plate
1502:Fourth Buddhist council
1447:Pre Anuradhapura period
1158:"THE POLONNARUWA KINGS"
1134:Nova Science Publishers
597:Vanavan Mahadevisvaram,
2151:Queen Sugala rebellion
2043:Kingdom of Polonnaruwa
1348:
1223:Ulrich von Schroeder,
1216:Ulrich von Schroeder,
1128:Nubin, Walter (2002).
1097:Atlas of the Year 1000
764:North Central Province
652:Aryacakravarti dynasty
331:Kingdom of Polonnaruwa
321:, is the main town of
173:North Central Province
32:Kingdom of Polonnaruwa
18:Polonnaruwa, Sri Lanka
2161:Polonnaruwa–Pagan War
1490:Battle of Vijithapura
1466:(377 BC–463 AD)
1346:
1206:(Archeological ruins)
1136:. pp. 102, 103.
864:Sastri, K. A (2000).
842:Polonnaruwa agreement
113:Location in Sri Lanka
2527:Polonnaruwa Vatadage
2435:Lankapura Dandanatha
2310:Parakrama Pandyan II
2118:Sinhalese Resistance
1410:Anuradhapura kingdom
909:www.president.gov.lk
787:Polonnaruwa Vatadage
694:improve this section
391:inscriptions of the
353:Maithripala Sirisena
323:Polonnaruwa District
240:Cultural: i, iii, vi
37:For other uses, see
2487:Tank cascade system
2128:Polonnaruwa Kingdom
2083:Anuradhapura period
1861:Society and culture
1804:Tank cascade system
1774:Mahamevnāwa Gardens
1769:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
1497:The Five Dravidians
1485:Dutugamunu Campaign
1475:Arrival of Buddhism
1394:Anuradhapura period
812:World Heritage List
745:World Heritage Site
309:) also referred as
137: /
2605:Jetavana monastery
2562:Abhidhānappadīpikā
2482:Irrigation network
2171:Rajarata Rebellion
2016:Polonnaruwa period
1846:Port of Mahatittha
1799:Irrigation network
1532:The Six Dravidians
1349:
1211:Ancient Chiang Mai
1094:Man, John (1999).
438:Polonnaruwa has a
387:, is mentioned in
227:Official name
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2440:Mahākassapa Thera
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2339:Foreign relations
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1841:Port of Jambukola
1779:Mapagala fortress
1754:Abhayagiri vihāra
1674:Foreign relations
1643:Tamil mercenaries
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1304:Central Highlands
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454:. Others include
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146:7.933; 81.000
122:Coordinates:
95:
82:
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40:
33:
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2601:Monasteries
2569:in Sinhalese
2469:Architecture
2417:Caste system
2361:Capital city
2068:Bibliography
2054:
1896:in Sinhalese
1874:Caste system
1869:Architecture
1738:
1655:Capital city
1621:Lambakanna I
1567:Late period
1432:Bibliography
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1299:Anuradhapura
1224:
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1166:. Retrieved
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817:Anuradhapura
772:
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738:
737:music video
731:
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692:Please help
680:
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632:Anuradhapura
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306:Polaṉṉaṟuvai
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2701:Polonnaruwa
2675:WikiProject
2422:Immigration
2384:Malaya Rata
2270:(1054–1055)
2268:Kassapa VII
2264:(1048–1054)
2258:(1046–1048)
2252:(1043–1046)
2246:(1042–1043)
2240:(1040–1042)
2234:(1029–1040)
2045:1055 – 1232
2037:1017 – 1070
1968:WikiProject
1888:Literature
1884:Immigration
1764:Atamasthana
1739:Polonnaruwa
1712:Malaya Rata
1689:Sanghamitta
1324:Polonnaruwa
735:Duran Duran
662:Present day
605:Siva Devale
434:Demographic
365:agriculture
361:electricity
289:Poḷonnaruva
273:Poḷonnaruwa
255:Inscription
179:Polonnaruwa
144: /
107:Polonnaruwa
51:Polonnaruwa
2690:Categories
2592:Brahmanism
2549:Literature
2507:Gal Vihara
2430:Gurulugomi
2356:Rajakariya
2292:Vijayabahu
2250:Jagatipala
2232:Kassapa VI
2210:Government
2055:Background
1923:Brahmanism
1851:Rajakariya
1667:and people
1598:Government
1419:Background
1168:2008-09-12
914:2015-11-16
848:References
807:Gal Vihara
710:April 2019
484:Population
442:majority.
424:Jayabahu I
298:பொலன்னறுவை
281:පොළොන්නරුව
258:1982 (6th
62:பொலன்னறுவை
56:පොළොන්නරුව
2389:Maya Rata
2371:Geography
2305:Lokissara
1717:Maya Rata
1699:Geography
1553:Mahavamsa
1527:Dipavamsa
1507:Tripiṭaka
1247:The Hindu
1032:cite book
962:cite book
866:The CōĻas
827:Mahawamsa
681:does not
495:Sinhalese
440:Sinhalese
385:Pulainari
379:Etymology
369:education
338:Sri Lanka
245:Reference
188:Time zone
163:Sri Lanka
2655:Category
2623:Perahera
2587:Buddhism
2579:Religion
2512:Hatadage
2394:Rajarata
2351:Kahavanu
2331:Politics
2279:Monarchs
2219:Monarchs
2073:Timeline
1948:Category
1918:Buddhism
1913:Religion
1903:Perahera
1831:Kahavanu
1826:Kahapana
1744:Sigiriya
1722:Rajarata
1665:Politics
1638:Military
1611:Monarchs
1606:Monarchy
1558:Sigiriya
1437:Timeline
1329:Sigiriya
822:Sigiriya
792:Hatadage
781:See also
654:warlord
405:Pulastya
236:Criteria
193:UTC+5:30
169:Province
2557:in Pali
2461:Culture
2410:Society
2301:Others
2297:Kalinga
2092:History
2063:Outline
2018:topics
1892:in Pali
1791:Economy
1684:Mahinda
1456:History
1427:Outline
1396:topics
702:removed
687:sources
583:History
575:Source:
558:
545:
530:
515:
510:Muslims
500:
489:Percent
456:Burgher
444:Muslims
277:Sinhala
260:Session
204:Website
158:Country
2665:Portal
2498:Sites
2399:Ruhuna
1958:Portal
1821:Pearls
1750:Sites
1734:Cities
1727:Ruhuna
1679:Ashoka
1626:Moriya
1616:Vijaya
1202:
1140:
1108:
1006:
950:
889:21 May
749:UNESCO
609:bronze
595:built
554:Others
519:30.10%
504:68.31%
373:health
132:81°0′E
129:7°56′N
2616:Other
2078:Years
1816:Ivory
1480:Elara
1442:Years
1319:Kandy
601:Shiva
562:0.05%
549:0.10%
534:0.85%
460:Malay
389:Tamil
357:roads
294:Tamil
2262:Loka
1811:Gems
1200:ISBN
1138:ISBN
1106:ISBN
1038:link
1004:ISBN
968:link
948:ISBN
891:2015
685:any
683:cite
458:and
450:and
313:and
72:Town
1650:Law
1102:136
747:by
696:by
414:or
399:or
325:in
317:in
275:, (
249:201
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1894:,
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300:,
296::
292:;
283:,
279::
2020:→
2013:←
2002:e
1995:t
1988:v
1398:→
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199:)
195:(
41:.
34:.
20:)
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