1559:
1467:
857:
1695:
116:
1148:
1756:(EU). Estimates vary depending on source, though available data suggest a total number of around 60 million people worldwide (with roughly 18-20 million living outside of Poland, many of whom are not of Polish descent, but are Polish nationals). There are almost 38 million Poles in Poland alone. There are also strong Polish communities in neighbouring countries, whose territories were once occupied or part of Poland –
1733:
956:
1642:
4656:
2354:
1317:
77:
2350:
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1492:, freedom of religion is ensured to everyone. It also allows for national and ethnic minorities to have the right to establish educational and cultural institutions, institutions designed to protect religious identity, as well as to participate in the resolution of matters connected with their cultural identity.
2455:
2596:
2351:"Ethnic Origin (264), Single and Multiple Ethnic Origin Responses (3), Generation Status (4), Age Groups (10) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey"
2592:
1905:
has increased substantially and has grown to a total number of 120,000, making Poles the largest immigrant group in Norway. Only in recent years has the population abroad decreased, specifically in the UK with 116.000 leaving the UK in 2018 alone. There is a large minority of
1892:
in 2004 and with the opening of the EU's labor market; an approximate number of 2 million, primarily young, Poles taking up jobs abroad. It is estimated that over half a million Polish people went to work in the United
Kingdom from Poland. Since 2011, Poles have been able to
2306:
2686:
1087:
1581:
creating a record of churches and other religious organizations who operate under separate Polish laws. This registration is not necessary; however, it is beneficial when it comes to serving the freedom of religious practice laws.
3351:
3323:
3228:
1069:
1803:. France has a historic relationship with Poland and has a relatively large Polish-descendant population. Poles have lived in France since the 18th century. In the early 20th century, over a million Polish people settled in
615:
The population of self-declared Poles in Poland is estimated at 37,394,000 out of an overall population of 38,512,000 (based on the 2011 census), of whom 36,522,000 declared Polish alone. A wide-ranging Polish diaspora (the
3038:
1181:, the second-oldest institution of higher learning in Central Europe. People of Polish birth have made considerable contributions in the fields of science, technology and mathematics both in Poland and abroad, among them
2303:
1398:. Traditional Polish cuisine is hearty and Poles are one of the more obese nations in Europe – approximately 58% of the adult population was overweight in 2019, above the EU average. According to data from 2017,
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2490:
3452:
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According to a 2020 study, Poland ranks 12th globally on a list of countries which read the most, and approximately 79% of Poles read the news more than once a day, placing it 2nd behind
4085:
2904:
2819:
5326:
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685:. However, throughout its existence, the Polish state followed a tolerant policy towards minorities resulting in numerous ethnic and religious identities of the Poles, such as
3163:
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2712:
1407:
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4268:
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ranked Poland 11th in the world for mathematics, science and reading. Education has been of prime interest to Poland since the early 12th century, particularly for its
4285:
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4200:
1850:. The majority of Polish Canadians have arrived in Canada since World War II. The number of Polish immigrants increased between 1945 and 1970, and again after the
4392:
3149:
1162:
3408:
3253:
2407:
2542:
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1010:
and other languages over the course of history. Poland is linguistically homogeneous – nearly 97% of Poland's citizens declare Polish as their mother tongue.
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http://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/menschen_und_gesellschaft//bevoelkerung_am_1.1.2015_nach_detailliertem_geburtsland_und_bundesland-2.pdf
3614:
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3659:
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3105:
2200:
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1399:
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1808:
1531:). Roman Catholics live all over the country, while Orthodox Christians can be found mostly in the far north-eastern corner, in the area of
5709:
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5140:
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Narodowy Spis
Powszechny Ludnosci 2011: 4.4. Przynależność wyznaniowa (National Survey 2011: 4.4 Membership in faith communities)
3909:
3717:
5795:
5447:
5098:
3690:
3345:
3317:
2927:"Statistics Denmark:FOLK1: Population at the first day of the quarter by sex, age, ancestry, country of origin and citizenship"
2768:
2337:
1894:
1698:
The map depicts countries by number of citizens who reported Polish ancestry or citizenship (based on sources in this article)
1441:
4054:
3435:
Struktura narodowo-etniczna, językowa i wyznaniowa ludności Polski [Narodowy Spis
Powszechny Ludności i Mieszkań 2011]
2167:
5061:
1956:
1663:
1659:
1355:
developed their own distinct cultures, cuisines, folk costumes and dialects. Also, Poland for centuries was a refuge to many
4293:
3548:
2618:
1787:" is usually used in Poland to refer to people of Polish origin who live outside Polish borders. There is a notable Polish
1190:
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6388:
6366:
6140:
5679:
5208:
4437:
4378:
2790:
2429:
1356:
225:
3401:
4197:
1558:
1466:
1453:
727:
1601:
6430:
6262:
5866:
5802:
5518:
4517:
2403:
2001:
1437:
4116:
2189:
Struktura narodowo-etniczna, językowa i wyznaniowa ludności Polski. Narodowy Spis
Powszechny Ludności i Mieszkań 2011
1812:
2553:
2163:
37.5–38 million in Poland and 21–22 million ethnic Poles or people of ethnic Polish extraction elsewhere.
6182:
5411:
5250:
5051:
3087:
2041:
1907:
1095:
674:
1652:
856:
6247:
5926:
5714:
5704:
5360:
5266:
5165:
4824:
3402:"The national-ethnic affiliation in the population – The results of the census of population and housing in 2011"
2377:
1991:
1264:
4138:
3810:
6235:
6230:
5699:
5595:
5513:
5201:
5108:
4432:
3755:
2265:
1847:
1054:
635:
1694:
1410:
is relatively moderate compared to other
European states; popular alcoholic beverages include Polish-produced
115:
3872:
6403:
6290:
6048:
4839:
3484:
3380:
1457:
1202:
1178:
1049:), today in the northwestern part of Poland. Kashubian possesses its own status as a separate language. The
917:
in the 9th century. In the 9th and 10th centuries the tribes gave rise to developed regions along the upper
3347:
Historya krolow i ksiazat polskich krotko zebrana dla lepszego uzytku Wyd ... – Theodor Waga – Google Books
6326:
6218:
5083:
5056:
4962:
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Zenon
Klemensiewicz: Historia języka polskiego t.III. Warszawa: PWN, 1985. P. 418-471. ISBN 83-01-06443-9.
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1920:
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1125:
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38:
31:
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1324:
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5883:
5774:
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5348:
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4977:
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4427:
4417:
2134:
2056:
1937:
1562:
1110:
1026:
975:
1245:
1147:
6356:
6202:
5974:
5918:
5731:
5370:
4951:
4808:
4790:
4609:
4503:
3254:"Niektóre wyznania religijne w Polsce w 2017 r. (Selected religious denominations in Poland in 2017)"
1863:
1593:
425:
2926:
2513:"Clarín.com – La ampliación de la Unión Europea habilita a 600 mil argentinos para ser comunitarios"
1363:, who became an important part of Polish society and similarly developed their own unique cultures.
6466:
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6341:
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5823:
5753:
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5694:
5689:
5664:
5508:
5155:
5150:
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4997:
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1585:
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1360:
1249:
1194:
1186:
1018:
965:
960:
914:
821:
769:
682:
639:
1480:
Poles have traditionally adhered to the
Christian faith; an overwhelming majority belongs to the
6316:
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6295:
5901:
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5607:
5421:
5170:
5160:
5123:
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4938:
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3130:
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2304:
2066:
2016:
1976:
1431:
1328:
1161:
Personal achievement and education plays an important role in Polish society today. In 2018, the
1117:
1072:
and resettlement during that period contributed to the country's current linguistic homogeneity.
1038:
979:
776:
233:
1013:
Polish-speakers use the language in a uniform manner throughout most of Poland, though numerous
3926:
3005:
37:
This article is about Poles as an ethnic group. For Polish nationality law or citizenship, see
6461:
6398:
6378:
6361:
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5719:
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5306:
5014:
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3961:
3885:
3790:
3723:
3655:
3591:
3554:
3442:
3264:
3101:
2794:
2572:
2456:"Population of the United Kingdom by country of birth and nationality, July 2020 to June 2021"
2196:
2061:
2021:
2011:
1859:
1855:
1835:
1745:
1304:
1283:
1241:
1218:
1210:
1170:
1102:
1081:
1030:
1022:
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790:
609:
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were once chanted in churches and during patriotic festivities, but the tradition has faded.
6351:
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6252:
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5674:
5659:
5602:
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5452:
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5375:
5355:
5343:
5338:
5316:
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5296:
5256:
5118:
4957:
4819:
4621:
2026:
2006:
1986:
1966:
1843:
1827:
1800:
1796:
1741:
1294:
1248:, and they soon spread across Europe and elsewhere. Latin songs and religious hymns such as
1065:
934:
890:
871:
801:
783:
711:
662:
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3847:
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5457:
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3303:
3142:
2310:
2171:
2113:
2101:
2036:
2031:
1981:
1971:
1961:
1942:
1792:
1784:
1577:
Religious organizations in the
Republic of Poland can register their institution with the
1570:
1555:. Over two million Jews of Polish origin reside in the United States, Brazil, and Israel.
1536:
1481:
1367:
1320:
1299:
1274:
1151:
1061:
1007:
999:
991:
983:
971:
950:
678:
618:
585:
532:
516:
65:
42:
6028:
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2512:
2239:
5193:
4231:
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1732:
6371:
6257:
6121:
6043:
5684:
5669:
5477:
5467:
5462:
4888:
4861:
4508:
4491:
4476:
2076:
1996:
1889:
1879:
1875:
1757:
1753:
1540:
1485:
1336:
1214:
1133:
995:
987:
938:
930:
894:
867:
723:
698:
666:
650:
593:
377:
82:
3263:(in Polish and English). Warszawa: Główny Urząd Statystyczny. 2018. pp. 114–115.
3211:
1822:(billed as the world's most Polish city outside of Poland), Milwaukee, Ohio, Detroit,
1064:
was greatly affected by the border changes and population transfers that followed the
955:
6445:
6408:
6070:
5941:
5736:
5088:
5046:
5034:
5019:
4829:
3906:
3476:
3372:
1617:
1528:
1524:
1340:
1278:
1222:
1206:
1106:
1034:
906:
847:
670:
1053:
in the mountainous south use their own nonstandard dialect, accenting and different
982:
and the sole official language in the
Republic of Poland. Its written form uses the
6383:
6272:
5523:
5128:
5103:
5078:
4471:
4046:
3261:
Mały Rocznik Statystyczny Polski 2018 (Concise Statistical Yearbook of Poland 2018)
2164:
2071:
1926:
1871:
1470:
1198:
569:
349:
5959:
4800:
3061:"Foreigners by category of residence, sex, and citizenship as at 31 December 2016"
1532:
742:
3787:
Mniejszości narodowe w Polsce w świetle Narodowego Spisu Powszechnego z 2002 roku
3441:(in Polish). Warsaw: Główny Urząd Statystyczny. November 2015. pp. 129–136.
6413:
6240:
6103:
5984:
5585:
4905:
4711:
4459:
4422:
3984:
From Alchemy to the Present Day – the Choice of Biographies of Polish Scientists
3319:
Historya ksia̜ża̜t i królów polskich krótko zebrana – Teodor Waga – Google Books
1839:
1641:
1566:
1520:
1512:
1496:
1395:
1387:
1383:
1309:
1269:
1253:
898:
889:
have been in the territory of modern-day Poland for over 1500 years. During the
843:
686:
631:
608:
of Poland, regardless of heritage or ethnicity. The majority of Poles adhere to
605:
6160:
6085:
6038:
6023:
5936:
5908:
5029:
4945:
4834:
4763:
4696:
4664:
4633:
4579:
4574:
4557:
4542:
4409:
4316:""Sueddeutsche Zeitung": Polska przeżywa największą falę emigracji od 100 lat"
2081:
1831:
1823:
1552:
1229:
926:
734:
545:
339:
3268:
1132:). The national colours are white and red, which appropriately appear on the
645:
Ethnic Poles are considered to be the descendants of the ancient West Slavic
6165:
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5979:
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5951:
5931:
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God's Playground A History of Poland: Volume 1: The Origins to 1795: Origins
3006:"Оценка численности постоянного населения по субъектам Российской Федерации"
1946:
1765:
1500:
1352:
1316:
1237:
1046:
1042:
922:
913:); the names of many tribes are found on the list compiled by the anonymous
566:
76:
4655:
4022:
History Derailed. Central and Eastern Europe in the Long Nineteenth Century
1818:
In the United States, a significant number of Polish immigrants settled in
1548:
1543:
regions. A growing Jewish population exists in major cities, especially in
1174:
5835:
4108:
3553:. Vol. 1 & 2. Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności. p. 423.
2487:"Polish workers abandon brexit Britain in favour of Germany:Aljazeera.com"
6393:
6223:
5243:
5145:
5039:
5024:
5009:
4913:
4770:
4718:
4584:
4552:
4454:
3719:
Tendencje rozwojowe współczesnych zapożyczeń angielskich w języku polskim
2837:"Immigrant and Emigrant Populations by Country of Origin and Destination"
1932:
1897:
throughout the EU where they have had full working rights since Poland's
1867:
1788:
1761:
1605:
1375:
1371:
1289:
1166:
1101:
The culture of Poland is closely connected with its intricate 1,000-year
910:
851:
817:
715:
646:
627:
597:
550:
483:
473:
405:
1870:
has the second largest Polish diaspora in the world (after Chicago) and
1086:
726:
region from the mid-6th century onward. The tribe's name stems from the
6192:
6098:
6018:
4868:
4738:
4706:
4589:
4562:
4537:
4522:
4370:
2138:
1950:
1819:
1777:
1773:
1666: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1516:
1391:
1379:
1348:
1344:
1233:
1182:
1141:
1014:
933:. The ultimate tribal undertaking (10th century) resulted in a lasting
918:
704:
623:
463:
453:
387:
367:
329:
285:
243:
201:
4107:
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) (2017).
3874:
The Polish Way: A Thousand Year History of the Poles and Their Culture
114:
17:
6175:
6170:
6150:
6062:
5964:
5066:
5004:
4992:
4775:
4684:
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4527:
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1902:
1807:, mostly during world wars, among them Polish émigrés fleeing either
1804:
1769:
1737:
1544:
1260:
1155:
1050:
813:
765:
589:
573:
415:
319:
219:
964:. Highlighted in red is the earliest known sentence written in the
4167:"Europe: Poland — the World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency"
2333:
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2321:
2319:
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6132:
6093:
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4253:
Native Faith: Polish Neo-Paganism at the Brink of the 21st Century
2897:"On key provisional results of Population and Housing Census 2011"
2340:, Stowarzyszenie Wspólnota Polska, 2007. Retrieved 14 August 2020.
1731:
1693:
1592:) groups, registered with the Polish authorities in 1995, are the
1557:
1465:
1419:
1415:
1315:
1146:
1085:
1003:
954:
902:
886:
855:
737:
of a region that the Western Polans initially settled. The prefix
719:
649:
and other tribes that inhabited the Polish territories during the
634:. Today, the largest urban concentrations of Poles are within the
493:
435:
3031:"Population by country of birth, sex and age 1 January 1998-2022"
2791:"Befolkning efter födelseland och ursprungsland 31 december 2012"
1858:
State. Smaller, but significant numbers settled in the states of
2734:
1411:
1403:
1277:. Renowned novelists who gained much recognition abroad include
905:, of which the larger ones further west were later known as the
877:
5839:
5197:
4374:
3536:. Warszawa (Warsaw): Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe. p. 64.
2165:"Polmap. Rozmieszczenie ludności pochodzenia polskiego (w mln)"
1635:
669:
region – united various Lechitic clans under what became the
2133:
In some instances only five laureates are acknowledged as
1854:. In Brazil, the majority of Polish immigrants settled in
1752:
Polish people are the sixth-largest national group in the
3960:. Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 323.
3789:. Warszawa (Warsaw): Wydawn. Nauk. Scholar. p. 149.
3693:. Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego. 27 July 2000.
3164:"Ante la crisis, Europa y el mundo miran a Latinoamérica"
2278:(in Polish). Główny Urząd Statystyczny. pp. 89–101.
30:
For a specific analysis of the population of Poland, see
4024:. Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 66.
2593:"Australian Bureau of Statistics, Australian Government"
1888:
of Poles took place following Poland's accession to the
681:, in 966 CE, marked Poland's advent to the community of
3489:
Początki Polski: z dziejów Słowian w I tysiącleciu n.e.
3385:
Początki Polski: z dziejów Słowian w I tysiącleciu n.e.
2195:. Warsaw: Główny Urząd Statystyczny. pp. 132–136.
1366:
Popular everyday foods in Poland include pork cutlets (
673:, thus creating the first Polish state. The subsequent
4286:"Record number of Poles in Britain: statistics office"
4266:
People Statistics: Population (most recent) by country
3590:. Lwów: Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich. p. 37.
3166:(in Spanish). Acercando Naciones. 2012. Archived from
2831:
2829:
2827:
2763:[The number of Poles in Italy is decreasing].
733:, which means flat or flatland and corresponds to the
4139:"WHO Global status report on alcohol and health 2018"
1910:
that makes up approximately 2.57% of the population.
4047:"World Reading Habits in 2020 [Infographic]"
3491:, t. 5 p.472; Stanisław Henryk Badeni, 1923. p. 270.
3387:, t. 5 s.472; Stanisław Henryk Badeni, 1923. s. 270.
2735:"Immigrants and Norwegian-born to immigrant parents"
2709:"Polacy przestali kochać Irlandię. Myślą o powrocie"
2137:
resided in the United States and primarily wrote in
1600:), which represents a pagan tradition going back to
1523:
who have lived in Poland prior to World War II) and
1402:
in Poland was one of the highest in the world, with
6309:
6283:
6211:
6130:
6112:
6084:
6061:
6011:
5993:
5950:
5917:
5882:
5873:
5787:
5762:
5652:
5616:
5538:
5486:
5440:
5384:
5289:
5282:
5275:
5235:
4904:
4663:
4408:
1495:There are smaller communities primarily comprising
538:
525:
506:
492:
482:
472:
462:
452:
444:
434:
424:
414:
404:
396:
386:
376:
366:
358:
348:
338:
328:
318:
310:
302:
294:
284:
276:
268:
260:
252:
242:
232:
218:
210:
200:
192:
169:
161:
153:
145:
137:
129:
108:
90:
58:
816:, the ancient name for Poland, or from the tribal
741:is used in most world languages when referring to
2272:Narodowy Spis Powszechny Ludności i Mieszkań 2011
2267:Ludność. Stan i struktura demograficzno-społeczna
1116:Officially, the national and state symbol is the
604:defines the Polish nation as comprising all the
4208:p. 99/337 (PDF file, direct download 3.3 MB).
3645:
3643:
1163:Programme for International Student Assessment
1109:. Strong ties with the Latinate world and the
974:is the native language of most Poles. It is a
5851:
5209:
4386:
3981:Nodzyńska, Małgorzata; Cieśla, Paweł (2012).
2860:
2858:
2181:
2179:
1484:, with 87.5% of Poles in 2011 identifying as
8:
3987:. Cracow: Pedagogical University of Kraków.
3958:Poland in Transatlantic Relations after 1989
3884:. Published 1993, Hippocrene Books, Poland,
3811:"Acta Cassubiana. Vol. XVII (map on p. 122)"
3785:Lucjan Adamczuk; Sławomir Łodziński (2006).
3534:Język polski. Pochodzenie, powstanie, rozwój
3481:Fragmenty dziejów Słowiańszczyzny zachodniej
3377:Fragmenty dziejów Słowiańszczyzny zachodniej
1105:, and forms an important constituent in the
994:, totalling 32 letters. Bearing relation to
53:
3841:"Kaschuben heute: Kultur-Sprache-Identität"
3716:Mańczak-Wohlfeld, Elżbieta (27 July 1995).
3182:"SODB2021 - Obyvatelia - Základné výsledky"
1846:in a single New England municipality is in
820:. Their names are equally derived from the
5879:
5858:
5844:
5836:
5286:
5279:
5216:
5202:
5194:
4393:
4379:
4371:
4346:"Polish - CSO - Central Statistics Office"
2264:Główny Urząd Statystyczny (January 2013).
178:
75:
52:
4078:"Overweight and obesity - BMI statistics"
3609:
3607:
3550:Pisma pośmiertne. Granice plemienia Polan
3089:Mikrocenzus 2016 - 12. Nemzetiségi adatok
2259:
2257:
1682:Learn how and when to remove this message
897:was becoming increasingly settled by the
863:Gesta Hammaburgensis ecclesiae pontificum
3899:
3897:
2159:
2157:
1113:also shaped Poland's cultural identity.
5810:Polish population transfers (1944–1946)
3756:"Which Languages Are Spoken in Poland?"
3248:
3246:
3148:CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2186:Gudaszewski, Grzegorz (November 2015).
2153:
2094:
1579:Ministry of Interior and Administration
1273:(English: Master Thaddeus), written by
1002:, it has been profoundly influenced by
718:tribe which inhabited lands around the
588:and are identified with the country of
41:. For Poles living outside Poland, see
4356:from the original on 18 September 2018
4232:Kościoły i związki wyznaniowe w Polsce
4155:from the original on 10 February 2021.
3736:from the original on 27 September 2023
3697:from the original on 27 September 2023
3588:Lechici w świetle historycznej krytyki
3354:from the original on 27 September 2023
3326:from the original on 27 September 2023
3299:
3289:
3138:
3128:
3041:from the original on 27 September 2023
2801:from the original on 24 September 2015
2577:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
2570:
2313:, page 62, retrieved 29 November 2019.
1604:'s 1921 Holy Circle of Worshippers of
1244:, were popularized by Polish composer
602:Constitution of the Republic of Poland
3907:Konstytucja Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej
3821:from the original on 10 February 2018
3766:from the original on 23 December 2021
2933:from the original on 29 November 2019
2659:from the original on 16 February 2008
2493:from the original on 21 November 2019
2384:from the original on 14 December 2023
2357:from the original on 24 December 2018
2112:
1263:. As of 2021, six Poles received the
1060:The geographical distribution of the
1021:in certain regions coexist alongside
85:, one of the symbols of Polish people
7:
3937:from the original on 3 December 2019
3503:"The Many Different Names of Poland"
3501:Gliński, Mikołaj (6 December 2016).
2689:from the original on 2 December 2013
2619:"Jews, by Country of Origin and Age"
2410:from the original on 22 January 2021
1664:adding citations to reliable sources
1041:, widely spoken in historic Eastern
657:dates back over a thousand years to
109:Regions with significant populations
4177:from the original on 8 January 2023
4088:from the original on 8 January 2023
2986:from the original on 10 August 2018
2761:"Maleje liczba Polaków we Włoszech"
2633:from the original on 5 January 2019
2627:Israel Central Bureau of Statistics
2466:from the original on 3 January 2024
805:
5141:Slavic speakers of Greek Macedonia
3675:Marek Derwich; Adam Żurek (2002).
3626:The New Cambridge Medieval History
3513:from the original on 31 March 2019
3458:from the original on 8 August 2019
3117:from the original on 8 August 2019
3094:2016 microcensus - 12. Ethnic data
2843:from the original on 28 March 2020
2741:from the original on 11 April 2016
2715:from the original on 6 August 2020
2462:. Office for National Statistics.
2212:from the original on 8 August 2019
1852:end of Communism in Poland in 1989
1335:Various regions in Poland such as
1154:is regarded as a national poet in
901:(500–700 AD). They organized into
25:
5262:Polish occupation zone in Germany
4326:from the original on 8 March 2021
3846:(in German). 2007. Archived from
3567:from the original on 4 April 2023
3532:Lehr-Spławiński, Tadeusz (1978).
3192:from the original on 15 July 2022
2976:"Stowarzyszenie Wspólnota Polska"
2953:"Kazakhstan National Census 2009"
2867:"Stowarzyszenie Wspólnota Polska"
2523:from the original on 3 March 2016
2232:"Stowarzyszenie Wspólnota Polska"
1612:), and the Polish Slavic Church (
4654:
4119:from the original on 11 May 2017
3414:from the original on 15 May 2020
3278:from the original on 24 May 2020
3010:Federal State Statistics Service
2907:from the original on 6 July 2018
2436:from the original on 9 June 2016
2285:from the original on 6 July 2019
1882:are quite common in the region.
1640:
1610:Święte Koło Czcicieli Światowida
5817:Repatriation of Poles (1955–59)
5796:Colonization attempts by Poland
5099:Bosnian and Herzegovinian Serbs
4057:from the original on 4 May 2022
3231:(in Japanese). 15 December 2023
2430:"Europe: where do people live?"
1842:. The highest concentration of
1651:needs additional citations for
1473:was the first Pole to become a
1442:Polish National Catholic Church
4290:association "Polish Community"
3679:(in Polish). pp. 122–143.
3677:U źródeł Polski (do roku 1038)
2623:Statistical Abstract of Israel
1957:Pole and Hungarian brothers be
665:– an influential tribe in the
1:
3654:. OUP Oxford. p. xxvii.
937:and the creation of a Polish
658:
96:
4275:. Retrieved 25 January 2008.
4264:NationMaster.com 2003–2008.
3956:Zachara, Małgorzata (2018).
3322:. J. Zawadzki. 9 July 2020.
3086:Vukovich, Gabriella (2018).
2404:"Présentation de la Pologne"
2378:"Présentation de la Pologne"
1521:Jewish populations in Poland
1454:Pentecostal Church in Poland
1096:national and cultural symbol
5803:Ethnic minorities in Poland
4217:Retrieved 27 December 2014.
3916:, Dz.U. 1997 nr 78 poz. 483
2767:(in Polish). Archived from
2002:Poles in the United Kingdom
1438:Roman Catholicism in Poland
1400:meat consumption per capita
6483:
5290:Central and Eastern Europe
4053:. Global English Editing.
3547:Potkański, Karol (2004) .
3398:Central Statistical Office
3100:(in Hungarian). Budapest.
2338:Polska Diaspora na świecie
2042:Polish minority in Ireland
1901:. The Polish community in
1435:
1429:
1406:being the most in demand.
1079:
948:
841:
835:
828:, meaning plain or field.
768:for the Polish people are
696:
675:Christianization of Poland
36:
29:
5267:Poles in the Soviet Union
4652:
4242:. Retrieved 17 June 2008.
4109:"Food balances data 2017"
3880:28 September 2020 at the
3744:– via Google Books.
3705:– via Google Books.
3350:. Zupanski. 9 July 2020.
2625:(in English and Hebrew).
1992:Poles in the Soviet Union
1622:Zrzeszenie Rodzimej Wiary
1614:Polski Kościół Słowiański
1265:Nobel Prize in Literature
990:with the addition of six
794:
543:
530:
511:
188:
181:
177:
113:
95:
74:
5251:Polish-Lithuanian people
4045:Cabrera, Isabel (2020).
4020:Berend, Ivan T. (2005).
3586:Małecki, Antoni (1907).
3407:(in Polish). p. 1.
1908:Polish people in Ireland
1886:A recent large migration
1848:New Britain, Connecticut
1618:Native Faith Association
1025:Polish. The most common
636:Warsaw metropolitan area
59:
6452:Ethnic groups in Poland
5867:Ethnic groups in Poland
4203:10 October 2017 at the
2980:Wspolnota-polska.org.pl
2871:Wspolnota-polska.org.pl
2679:"Ukrainian Census 2001"
2236:Wspolnota-polska.org.pl
1632:Geographic distribution
1458:Baptist Union of Poland
1267:. The national epic is
1179:Jagiellonian University
870:, containing the name "
27:People native to Poland
5448:Bosnia and Herzegovina
4963:Bessarabian Bulgarians
4433:Belarusian Lithuanians
3650:Norman Davies (2005).
2929:. Statistics Denmark.
2380:. diplomatie.gouv.fr.
2117:; singular masculine:
2105:
2052:Polish nationality law
1921:Demographics of Poland
1749:
1729:
1598:Rodzimy Kościół Polski
1574:
1477:
1462:Polish Reformed Church
1450:Polish Lutheran Church
1446:Polish Orthodox Church
1332:
1191:Marie Skłodowska–Curie
1158:
1126:Coat of arms of Poland
1098:
968:
883:
119:
39:Polish nationality law
32:Demographics of Poland
5884:Greater Poland people
5062:Bulgarian Macedonians
4988:Macedonian Bulgarians
4754:Greater Poland people
4322:. 26 September 2014.
4237:5 August 2009 at the
3613:Zbigniew Kobyliński.
2683:2001.ukrcensus.gov.ua
2629:. 26 September 2011.
2309:7 August 2020 at the
2135:Isaac Bashevis Singer
2121:, singular feminine:
2057:Polish New Zealanders
1862:, Espírito Santo and
1735:
1697:
1616:). There is also the
1563:Casimir III the Great
1561:
1535:, and Protestants in
1490:Poland's Constitution
1482:Roman Catholic Church
1469:
1319:
1177:, which would become
1150:
1094:is Poland's enduring
1089:
986:, which is the basic
958:
859:
661:930–960 AD, when the
539:Related ethnic groups
118:
6457:Slavic ethnic groups
5919:Lesser Poland people
5749:United Arab Emirates
5057:Albanian Macedonians
4978:Bulgarian Hungarians
4952:Anatolian Bulgarians
4934:Bosniak Montenegrins
4791:Lesser Poland people
4504:Zaporozhian Cossacks
4402:Slavic ethnic groups
3379:, t. 1–2 s.72 2002;
2963:on 18 November 2018.
2839:. 10 February 2014.
2797:. 31 December 2013.
2655:. 16 December 2015.
2170:30 July 2015 at the
1899:EU accession in 2004
1660:improve this article
1628:), founded in 1996.
1594:Native Polish Church
1327:, 1829 (painting by
1203:Bronisław Malinowski
1111:Roman Catholic faith
1107:Western civilisation
976:West Slavic language
764:Among other foreign
710:is derived from the
622:) exists throughout
426:United Arab Emirates
5824:Polish Diaspora Day
5151:Carinthian Slovenes
4998:Thracian Bulgarians
4973:Bulgarian Croatians
4968:Bulgarian Albanians
4443:Belarusian Russians
4428:Belarusian Latvians
4271:3 June 2009 at the
3927:"PISA 2018 results"
3912:1 June 2019 at the
3620:22 May 2022 at the
3483:, t.1–2 p.72 2002;
2711:. 17 October 2018.
2114:[pɔˈlat͡sɨ]
1602:Władysław Kołodziej
1586:Slavic Native Faith
1509:Jehovah's Witnesses
1505:Orthodox Christians
1475:Roman Catholic Pope
1408:Alcohol consumption
1378:and salads, soups (
1374:sausage, potatoes,
1281:(wrote in English;
1250:Gaude Mater Polonia
1195:Rudolf Modrzejewski
1187:Nicolaus Copernicus
1019:vernacular language
966:Old Polish language
935:political structure
915:Bavarian Geographer
812:). These stem from
728:Proto-Indo European
683:Western Christendom
640:Katowice urban area
576:who share a common
228:, not ethnic Poles)
55:
5902:Kuyavian Borowiaks
5171:Prekmurje Slovenes
5161:Hungarian Slovenes
4983:Bulgarian Italians
4320:Wiadomosci.onet.pl
4171:The World Factbook
4084:. European Union.
3815:Instytut Kaszubski
3628:, pp. 530–537
3067:on 12 January 2018
3035:Statistics Iceland
2974:Wspólnota Polska.
2877:on 24 October 2013
2865:Wspólnota Polska.
2771:on 3 November 2016
2550:www.belstat.gov.by
2242:on 24 October 2013
2067:Polish Venezuelans
2017:Polish Australians
1977:Poles in Lithuania
1815:(1945/1947–1989).
1750:
1730:
1709: + 10,000,000
1575:
1478:
1432:Religion in Poland
1333:
1329:Henryk Siemiradzki
1297:(science-fiction;
1159:
1124:) embedded on the
1118:white-tailed eagle
1099:
1092:Polish White Eagle
969:
884:
123:
120:
6439:
6438:
6057:
6056:
6044:Tuchola Borowians
5995:Borderlands Poles
5975:Międzyrzec Boyars
5833:
5832:
5783:
5782:
5534:
5533:
5229:Polish minorities
5191:
5190:
5156:Croatian Slovenes
5114:Montenegrin Serbs
5015:Burgenland Croats
4924:Bosniak Croatians
4919:Bosniak Albanians
4809:Międzyrzec Boyars
4744:Borderlands Poles
4487:Siberian Cossacks
4482:Nekrasov Cossacks
4214:978-83-7027-521-1
4076:Eurostat (2019).
4031:978-0-520-24525-9
3994:978-83-7271-768-9
3967:978-1-5275-0740-1
3853:on 3 January 2016
3796:978-83-7383-143-8
3729:978-83-7052-347-3
3661:978-0-19-925339-5
3597:978-83-65746-64-1
3560:978-83-7063-411-7
3485:Henryk Łowmiański
3448:978-83-7027-597-6
3381:Henryk Łowmiański
3107:978-963-235-542-9
2795:Statistics Sweden
2519:. 27 April 2004.
2202:978-83-7027-597-6
2062:Polish Uruguayans
2022:Polish Brazilians
2012:Polish Argentines
1864:São Paulo (state)
1860:Rio Grande do Sul
1826:, New York City,
1715: + 1,000,000
1692:
1691:
1684:
1519:(mostly from the
1305:Andrzej Sapkowski
1284:Heart of Darkness
1232:, especially the
1219:Benoit Mandelbrot
1171:Casimir the Great
1144:and memorabilia.
1082:Culture of Poland
838:History of Poland
653:period. Poland's
610:Roman Catholicism
556:
555:
549:Especially other
533:Roman Catholicism
502:
501:
133:10,600,000 (2015)
125:37,394,000 (2011)
69:
16:(Redirected from
6474:
6337:Crimean Karaites
6253:Galician Germans
6034:Polish Uplanders
5880:
5860:
5853:
5846:
5837:
5287:
5280:
5257:Great Emigration
5218:
5211:
5204:
5195:
5166:Italian Slovenes
5109:Macedonian Serbs
4958:Banat Bulgarians
4939:Bosniak Serbians
4929:Bosniak Kosovars
4820:Polish Uplanders
4658:
4622:Pannonian Rusyns
4438:Belarusian Poles
4395:
4388:
4381:
4372:
4366:
4365:
4363:
4361:
4342:
4336:
4335:
4333:
4331:
4312:
4306:
4305:
4303:
4301:
4292:. Archived from
4282:
4276:
4262:
4256:
4249:
4243:
4229:
4225:
4219:
4218:
4193:
4187:
4186:
4184:
4182:
4163:
4157:
4156:
4154:
4143:
4135:
4129:
4128:
4126:
4124:
4104:
4098:
4097:
4095:
4093:
4073:
4067:
4066:
4064:
4062:
4042:
4036:
4035:
4017:
4011:
4010:
4008:
4006:
3997:. Archived from
3978:
3972:
3971:
3953:
3947:
3946:
3944:
3942:
3923:
3917:
3905:
3901:
3892:
3869:
3863:
3862:
3860:
3858:
3852:
3845:
3837:
3831:
3830:
3828:
3826:
3807:
3801:
3800:
3782:
3776:
3775:
3773:
3771:
3762:. 18 July 2018.
3752:
3746:
3745:
3743:
3741:
3713:
3707:
3706:
3704:
3702:
3687:
3681:
3680:
3672:
3666:
3665:
3647:
3638:
3635:
3629:
3611:
3602:
3601:
3583:
3577:
3576:
3574:
3572:
3544:
3538:
3537:
3529:
3523:
3522:
3520:
3518:
3498:
3492:
3474:
3468:
3467:
3465:
3463:
3457:
3440:
3430:
3424:
3423:
3421:
3419:
3413:
3406:
3400:(January 2013).
3394:
3388:
3370:
3364:
3363:
3361:
3359:
3342:
3336:
3335:
3333:
3331:
3314:
3308:
3307:
3301:
3297:
3295:
3287:
3285:
3283:
3277:
3258:
3250:
3241:
3240:
3238:
3236:
3225:
3219:
3218:
3216:
3208:
3202:
3201:
3199:
3197:
3178:
3172:
3171:
3160:
3154:
3153:
3146:
3140:
3136:
3134:
3126:
3124:
3122:
3116:
3099:
3083:
3077:
3076:
3074:
3072:
3063:. Archived from
3057:
3051:
3050:
3048:
3046:
3027:
3021:
3020:
3018:
3016:
3002:
2996:
2995:
2993:
2991:
2971:
2965:
2964:
2959:. Archived from
2949:
2943:
2942:
2940:
2938:
2923:
2917:
2916:
2914:
2912:
2893:
2887:
2886:
2884:
2882:
2873:. Archived from
2862:
2853:
2852:
2850:
2848:
2833:
2822:
2817:
2811:
2810:
2808:
2806:
2787:
2781:
2780:
2778:
2776:
2757:
2751:
2750:
2748:
2746:
2737:. 9 March 2020.
2731:
2725:
2724:
2722:
2720:
2705:
2699:
2698:
2696:
2694:
2675:
2669:
2668:
2666:
2664:
2649:
2643:
2642:
2640:
2638:
2615:
2609:
2608:
2606:
2604:
2595:. Archived from
2589:
2583:
2582:
2576:
2568:
2566:
2564:
2558:
2552:. Archived from
2547:
2539:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2528:
2517:Edant.clarin.com
2509:
2503:
2502:
2500:
2498:
2483:
2477:
2475:
2473:
2471:
2452:
2446:
2445:
2443:
2441:
2426:
2420:
2419:
2417:
2415:
2400:
2394:
2393:
2391:
2389:
2373:
2367:
2366:
2364:
2362:
2347:
2341:
2335:
2314:
2301:
2295:
2294:
2292:
2290:
2284:
2277:
2261:
2252:
2251:
2249:
2247:
2238:. Archived from
2228:
2222:
2221:
2219:
2217:
2211:
2194:
2183:
2174:
2161:
2142:
2131:
2125:
2116:
2111:
2099:
2027:Polish Canadians
2007:Polish Americans
1987:Poles in Romania
1967:Poles in Germany
1844:Polish Americans
1742:Beskid Mountains
1726:
1720:
1714:
1708:
1702:
1687:
1680:
1676:
1673:
1667:
1644:
1636:
1325:Radziwiłł family
1169:. In 1364, King
1066:Second World War
961:Book of Henryków
891:Migration Period
807:
796:
660:
655:recorded history
224:202,300 (2011) (
179:
165:1,000,000 (2022)
157:1,010,705 (2013)
149:1,800,000 (2007)
141:2,253,000 (2018)
124:
104:
98:
91:Total population
79:
63:
56:
21:
6482:
6481:
6477:
6476:
6475:
6473:
6472:
6471:
6442:
6441:
6440:
6435:
6305:
6279:
6268:Vistula Germans
6207:
6126:
6108:
6080:
6076:Silesian Gorals
6053:
6007:
6003:Bug River Poles
5989:
5946:
5913:
5869:
5864:
5834:
5829:
5779:
5758:
5648:
5612:
5530:
5482:
5441:Southern Europe
5436:
5385:Northern Europe
5380:
5271:
5231:
5225:Polish diaspora
5222:
5192:
5187:
5124:Vojvodina Serbs
4900:
4749:Bug River Poles
4690:Silesian Gorals
4659:
4650:
4627:Rusyn Romanians
4569:Harbin Russians
4497:Greben Cossacks
4466:Baikal Cossacks
4418:Alaskan Creoles
4404:
4399:
4369:
4359:
4357:
4344:
4343:
4339:
4329:
4327:
4314:
4313:
4309:
4299:
4297:
4284:
4283:
4279:
4273:Wayback Machine
4263:
4259:
4251:Scott Simpson,
4250:
4246:
4239:Wayback Machine
4227:
4226:
4222:
4216:
4205:Wayback Machine
4194:
4190:
4180:
4178:
4165:
4164:
4160:
4152:
4141:
4137:
4136:
4132:
4122:
4120:
4106:
4105:
4101:
4091:
4089:
4075:
4074:
4070:
4060:
4058:
4044:
4043:
4039:
4032:
4019:
4018:
4014:
4004:
4002:
4001:on 3 March 2016
3995:
3980:
3979:
3975:
3968:
3955:
3954:
3950:
3940:
3938:
3925:
3924:
3920:
3914:Wayback Machine
3903:
3902:
3895:
3882:Wayback Machine
3871:Adam Zamoyski,
3870:
3866:
3856:
3854:
3850:
3843:
3839:
3838:
3834:
3824:
3822:
3809:
3808:
3804:
3797:
3784:
3783:
3779:
3769:
3767:
3754:
3753:
3749:
3739:
3737:
3730:
3722:. Universitas.
3715:
3714:
3710:
3700:
3698:
3689:
3688:
3684:
3674:
3673:
3669:
3662:
3649:
3648:
3641:
3636:
3632:
3622:Wayback Machine
3612:
3605:
3598:
3585:
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3500:
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3417:
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3411:
3404:
3396:
3395:
3391:
3371:
3367:
3357:
3355:
3344:
3343:
3339:
3329:
3327:
3316:
3315:
3311:
3298:
3288:
3281:
3279:
3275:
3256:
3252:
3251:
3244:
3234:
3232:
3227:
3226:
3222:
3214:
3210:
3209:
3205:
3195:
3193:
3186:www.scitanie.sk
3180:
3179:
3175:
3170:on 18 May 2015.
3162:
3161:
3157:
3147:
3137:
3127:
3120:
3118:
3114:
3108:
3097:
3085:
3084:
3080:
3070:
3068:
3059:
3058:
3054:
3044:
3042:
3029:
3028:
3024:
3014:
3012:
3004:
3003:
2999:
2989:
2987:
2973:
2972:
2968:
2951:
2950:
2946:
2936:
2934:
2925:
2924:
2920:
2910:
2908:
2895:
2894:
2890:
2880:
2878:
2864:
2863:
2856:
2846:
2844:
2835:
2834:
2825:
2818:
2814:
2804:
2802:
2789:
2788:
2784:
2774:
2772:
2759:
2758:
2754:
2744:
2742:
2733:
2732:
2728:
2718:
2716:
2707:
2706:
2702:
2692:
2690:
2677:
2676:
2672:
2662:
2660:
2651:
2650:
2646:
2636:
2634:
2617:
2616:
2612:
2602:
2600:
2599:on 15 July 2020
2591:
2590:
2586:
2569:
2562:
2560:
2556:
2545:
2543:"Archived copy"
2541:
2540:
2536:
2526:
2524:
2511:
2510:
2506:
2496:
2494:
2485:
2484:
2480:
2469:
2467:
2454:
2453:
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2439:
2437:
2428:
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2423:
2413:
2411:
2402:
2401:
2397:
2387:
2385:
2375:
2374:
2370:
2360:
2358:
2349:
2348:
2344:
2336:
2317:
2311:Wayback Machine
2302:
2298:
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2286:
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2275:
2263:
2262:
2255:
2245:
2243:
2230:
2229:
2225:
2215:
2213:
2209:
2203:
2192:
2185:
2184:
2177:
2172:Wayback Machine
2162:
2155:
2151:
2146:
2145:
2132:
2128:
2109:
2100:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2037:Polish Mexicans
2032:Polish Chileans
1982:Poles in Norway
1972:Poles in Latvia
1962:Poles in France
1943:Names of Poland
1916:
1811:(1939–1945) or
1809:Nazi occupation
1728:
1724:
1722:
1721: + 100,000
1718:
1716:
1712:
1710:
1706:
1704:
1700:
1688:
1677:
1671:
1668:
1657:
1645:
1634:
1571:Wojciech Gerson
1537:Cieszyn Silesia
1488:. According to
1464:
1434:
1428:
1394:dumplings, and
1370:), schnitzels,
1368:kotlet schabowy
1321:Frederic Chopin
1275:Adam Mickiewicz
1246:Frédéric Chopin
1152:Adam Mickiewicz
1084:
1078:
1062:Polish language
992:diacritic marks
984:Polish alphabet
953:
951:Polish language
947:
854:
840:
834:
701:
695:
679:Catholic Church
586:Polish language
548:
521:
184:
183:Other countries
173:682,000 (2021)
122:
99:
86:
70:
51:
46:
43:Polish diaspora
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6480:
6478:
6470:
6469:
6464:
6459:
6454:
6444:
6443:
6437:
6436:
6434:
6433:
6428:
6423:
6418:
6417:
6416:
6411:
6401:
6396:
6391:
6386:
6381:
6376:
6375:
6374:
6372:Ashkenazi Jews
6364:
6359:
6354:
6349:
6344:
6339:
6334:
6329:
6324:
6319:
6313:
6311:
6307:
6306:
6304:
6303:
6298:
6293:
6287:
6285:
6281:
6280:
6278:
6277:
6276:
6275:
6270:
6265:
6260:
6255:
6245:
6244:
6243:
6233:
6228:
6227:
6226:
6215:
6213:
6209:
6208:
6206:
6205:
6200:
6195:
6190:
6185:
6180:
6179:
6178:
6168:
6163:
6158:
6153:
6148:
6143:
6137:
6135:
6128:
6127:
6125:
6124:
6122:Cieszyn Vlachs
6118:
6116:
6110:
6109:
6107:
6106:
6101:
6096:
6090:
6088:
6082:
6081:
6079:
6078:
6073:
6067:
6065:
6059:
6058:
6055:
6054:
6052:
6051:
6046:
6041:
6036:
6031:
6026:
6021:
6015:
6013:
6009:
6008:
6006:
6005:
5999:
5997:
5991:
5990:
5988:
5987:
5982:
5977:
5972:
5967:
5962:
5956:
5954:
5948:
5947:
5945:
5944:
5939:
5934:
5929:
5923:
5921:
5915:
5914:
5912:
5911:
5906:
5905:
5904:
5894:
5888:
5886:
5877:
5871:
5870:
5865:
5863:
5862:
5855:
5848:
5840:
5831:
5830:
5828:
5827:
5820:
5813:
5806:
5799:
5791:
5789:
5785:
5784:
5781:
5780:
5778:
5777:
5772:
5766:
5764:
5760:
5759:
5757:
5756:
5751:
5746:
5741:
5740:
5739:
5729:
5724:
5723:
5722:
5712:
5707:
5702:
5697:
5692:
5687:
5682:
5677:
5672:
5667:
5662:
5656:
5654:
5650:
5649:
5647:
5646:
5641:
5636:
5631:
5626:
5620:
5618:
5614:
5613:
5611:
5610:
5605:
5600:
5599:
5598:
5588:
5583:
5578:
5573:
5568:
5563:
5558:
5553:
5548:
5542:
5540:
5536:
5535:
5532:
5531:
5529:
5528:
5527:
5526:
5519:United Kingdom
5516:
5511:
5506:
5501:
5496:
5490:
5488:
5487:Western Europe
5484:
5483:
5481:
5480:
5475:
5470:
5465:
5460:
5455:
5450:
5444:
5442:
5438:
5437:
5435:
5434:
5429:
5424:
5419:
5414:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5394:
5388:
5386:
5382:
5381:
5379:
5378:
5373:
5368:
5363:
5358:
5353:
5352:
5351:
5341:
5336:
5335:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5314:
5312:Czech Republic
5309:
5304:
5299:
5293:
5291:
5284:
5277:
5273:
5272:
5270:
5269:
5264:
5259:
5254:
5247:
5239:
5237:
5233:
5232:
5223:
5221:
5220:
5213:
5206:
5198:
5189:
5188:
5186:
5185:
5180:
5179:
5178:
5176:Venetian Slavs
5173:
5168:
5163:
5158:
5153:
5143:
5138:
5133:
5132:
5131:
5126:
5121:
5119:Croatian Serbs
5116:
5111:
5106:
5101:
5091:
5086:
5084:Ethnic Muslims
5081:
5076:
5075:
5074:
5069:
5064:
5059:
5049:
5044:
5043:
5042:
5037:
5032:
5027:
5022:
5017:
5012:
5002:
5001:
5000:
4995:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4975:
4970:
4965:
4960:
4955:
4943:
4942:
4941:
4936:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4910:
4908:
4902:
4901:
4899:
4898:
4897:
4896:
4891:
4886:
4881:
4871:
4866:
4865:
4864:
4862:Cieszyn Vlachs
4854:
4849:
4844:
4843:
4842:
4837:
4832:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4812:
4805:
4804:
4803:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4767:
4766:
4761:
4751:
4746:
4741:
4731:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4715:
4714:
4709:
4704:
4694:
4693:
4692:
4682:
4681:
4680:
4669:
4667:
4661:
4660:
4653:
4651:
4649:
4648:
4643:
4642:
4641:
4631:
4630:
4629:
4624:
4614:
4613:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4577:
4572:
4565:
4560:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4514:
4513:
4512:
4511:
4509:Kuban Cossacks
4501:
4500:
4499:
4492:Terek Cossacks
4489:
4484:
4479:
4477:Kuban Cossacks
4474:
4469:
4462:
4452:
4447:
4446:
4445:
4440:
4435:
4430:
4420:
4414:
4412:
4406:
4405:
4400:
4398:
4397:
4390:
4383:
4375:
4368:
4367:
4337:
4307:
4296:on 17 May 2019
4277:
4257:
4244:
4220:
4188:
4158:
4130:
4099:
4068:
4037:
4030:
4012:
3993:
3973:
3966:
3948:
3933:. OECD. 2018.
3918:
3893:
3864:
3832:
3802:
3795:
3777:
3747:
3728:
3708:
3691:"Język polski"
3682:
3667:
3660:
3639:
3630:
3603:
3596:
3578:
3559:
3539:
3524:
3493:
3469:
3447:
3425:
3389:
3365:
3337:
3309:
3300:|journal=
3242:
3220:
3203:
3173:
3155:
3106:
3078:
3052:
3022:
2997:
2966:
2944:
2918:
2888:
2854:
2823:
2812:
2793:(in Swedish).
2782:
2752:
2726:
2700:
2670:
2653:"2021 censusm"
2644:
2610:
2584:
2559:on 9 July 2021
2534:
2504:
2478:
2447:
2421:
2395:
2368:
2353:. 8 May 2013.
2342:
2315:
2296:
2253:
2223:
2201:
2175:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2144:
2143:
2126:
2093:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2084:
2079:
2077:Sons of Poland
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1997:Poles in Spain
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1923:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1890:European Union
1866:. The city of
1776:, and western
1758:Czech Republic
1754:European Union
1727: + 10,000
1723:
1717:
1711:
1705:
1699:
1690:
1689:
1672:September 2021
1648:
1646:
1639:
1633:
1630:
1569:to Poland (by
1541:Warmia-Masuria
1486:Roman Catholic
1430:Main article:
1427:
1424:
1337:Greater Poland
1323:plays for the
1215:Leonid Hurwicz
1211:Stanisław Ulam
1175:Kraków Academy
1134:flag of Poland
1080:Main article:
1077:
1074:
1029:in Poland are
988:Latin alphabet
980:Lechitic group
949:Main article:
946:
943:
931:Greater Poland
895:central Europe
868:Adam of Bremen
836:Main article:
833:
830:
724:Greater Poland
712:Western Polans
699:Name of Poland
694:
691:
667:Greater Poland
663:Western Polans
651:late antiquity
594:Central Europe
554:
553:
541:
540:
536:
535:
531:Predominantly
528:
527:
523:
522:
520:
519:
515:Predominantly
512:
509:
508:
504:
503:
500:
499:
496:
490:
489:
486:
480:
479:
476:
470:
469:
466:
460:
459:
456:
450:
449:
446:
442:
441:
438:
432:
431:
428:
422:
421:
418:
412:
411:
408:
402:
401:
398:
394:
393:
390:
384:
383:
380:
378:Czech Republic
374:
373:
370:
364:
363:
360:
356:
355:
352:
346:
345:
342:
336:
335:
332:
326:
325:
322:
316:
315:
312:
308:
307:
304:
300:
299:
296:
292:
291:
288:
282:
281:
278:
274:
273:
270:
266:
265:
264:108,255 (2019)
262:
258:
257:
256:112,500 (2018)
254:
250:
249:
248:144,130 (2001)
246:
240:
239:
238:183,000 (2021)
236:
230:
229:
222:
216:
215:
214:216,056 (2006)
212:
208:
207:
206:288,000 (2019)
204:
198:
197:
196:500,000 (2014)
194:
190:
189:
186:
185:
182:
175:
174:
171:
170:United Kingdom
167:
166:
163:
159:
158:
155:
151:
150:
147:
143:
142:
139:
135:
134:
131:
127:
126:
111:
110:
106:
105:
93:
92:
88:
87:
83:flag of Poland
80:
72:
71:
49:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6479:
6468:
6465:
6463:
6460:
6458:
6455:
6453:
6450:
6449:
6447:
6432:
6429:
6427:
6424:
6422:
6419:
6415:
6412:
6410:
6409:Bergitka Roma
6407:
6406:
6405:
6402:
6400:
6397:
6395:
6392:
6390:
6387:
6385:
6382:
6380:
6377:
6373:
6370:
6369:
6368:
6365:
6363:
6360:
6358:
6355:
6353:
6350:
6348:
6345:
6343:
6340:
6338:
6335:
6333:
6330:
6328:
6325:
6323:
6320:
6318:
6315:
6314:
6312:
6308:
6302:
6299:
6297:
6294:
6292:
6289:
6288:
6286:
6282:
6274:
6271:
6269:
6266:
6264:
6261:
6259:
6256:
6254:
6251:
6250:
6249:
6246:
6242:
6239:
6238:
6237:
6234:
6232:
6229:
6225:
6222:
6221:
6220:
6217:
6216:
6214:
6210:
6204:
6201:
6199:
6196:
6194:
6191:
6189:
6186:
6184:
6181:
6177:
6174:
6173:
6172:
6169:
6167:
6164:
6162:
6159:
6157:
6154:
6152:
6149:
6147:
6144:
6142:
6139:
6138:
6136:
6134:
6129:
6123:
6120:
6119:
6117:
6115:
6111:
6105:
6102:
6100:
6097:
6095:
6092:
6091:
6089:
6087:
6083:
6077:
6074:
6072:
6069:
6068:
6066:
6064:
6060:
6050:
6047:
6045:
6042:
6040:
6037:
6035:
6032:
6030:
6027:
6025:
6022:
6020:
6017:
6016:
6014:
6010:
6004:
6001:
6000:
5998:
5996:
5992:
5986:
5983:
5981:
5978:
5976:
5973:
5971:
5968:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5958:
5957:
5955:
5953:
5949:
5943:
5942:Sandomierzans
5940:
5938:
5935:
5933:
5930:
5928:
5925:
5924:
5922:
5920:
5916:
5910:
5907:
5903:
5900:
5899:
5898:
5895:
5893:
5890:
5889:
5887:
5885:
5881:
5878:
5876:
5872:
5868:
5861:
5856:
5854:
5849:
5847:
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5048:
5045:
5041:
5038:
5036:
5035:Molise Croats
5033:
5031:
5028:
5026:
5023:
5021:
5020:Croat Muslims
5018:
5016:
5013:
5011:
5008:
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4853:
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4848:
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4836:
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4828:
4826:
4825:Russian Poles
4823:
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4818:
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4813:
4811:
4810:
4806:
4802:
4799:
4798:
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4288:(in Polish).
4287:
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4051:geediting.com
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3890:0-7818-0200-8
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3477:Gerard Labuda
3473:
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3373:Gerard Labuda
3369:
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3213:
3212:"Sefstat2022"
3207:
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2765:Naszswiat.net
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2098:
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2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2047:Polish Czechs
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1938:List of Poles
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1928:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1918:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1821:
1816:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1793:United States
1790:
1786:
1781:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1734:
1696:
1686:
1683:
1675:
1665:
1661:
1655:
1654:
1649:This section
1647:
1643:
1638:
1637:
1631:
1629:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1590:Rodzimowiercy
1587:
1583:
1580:
1572:
1568:
1565:welcomes the
1564:
1560:
1556:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1529:Polish Tatars
1526:
1525:Sunni Muslims
1522:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1493:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1433:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1364:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1341:Lesser Poland
1338:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1312:
1311:
1306:
1302:
1301:
1296:
1295:Stanisław Lem
1292:
1291:
1286:
1285:
1280:
1279:Joseph Conrad
1276:
1272:
1271:
1266:
1262:
1257:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1226:
1224:
1223:Alfred Tarski
1220:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1207:Stefan Banach
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1167:noble classes
1164:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1114:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1097:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1075:
1073:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1058:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1035:Upper Silesia
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1011:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
973:
967:
963:
962:
957:
952:
944:
942:
940:
936:
932:
929:coast and in
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
908:
907:Polish tribes
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
881:
879:
873:
869:
865:
864:
858:
853:
849:
848:Western Slavs
845:
839:
831:
829:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
803:
799:
792:
788:
785:
781:
778:
774:
771:
767:
762:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
709:
706:
700:
692:
690:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
671:Piast dynasty
668:
664:
656:
652:
648:
643:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
621:
620:
613:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
568:
564:
560:
559:Polish people
552:
547:
542:
537:
534:
529:
524:
518:
514:
513:
510:
505:
498:1,762 (2023)
497:
495:
491:
487:
485:
481:
477:
475:
471:
468:10,000 (2007)
467:
465:
461:
458:10,000 (2007)
457:
455:
451:
448:10,000 (2007)
447:
443:
440:10,000 (2007)
439:
437:
433:
430:14,500 (2015)
429:
427:
423:
420:15,000 (2019)
419:
417:
413:
410:16,748 (2012)
409:
407:
403:
400:20,000 (2007)
399:
395:
392:20,000 (2018)
391:
389:
385:
382:20,305 (2017)
381:
379:
375:
372:20,927 (2022)
371:
369:
365:
362:22,024 (2021)
361:
357:
354:30,000 (2014)
353:
351:
347:
344:34,057 (2018)
343:
341:
337:
334:37,876 (2014)
333:
331:
327:
324:44,783 (2011)
323:
321:
317:
314:49,600 (2019)
313:
309:
306:60,000 (2017)
305:
301:
298:63,000 (2019)
297:
293:
290:69,898 (2015)
289:
287:
283:
280:75,323 (2012)
279:
275:
272:97,000 (2016)
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
245:
241:
237:
235:
231:
227:
223:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
130:United States
128:
117:
112:
107:
103:
94:
89:
84:
78:
73:
67:
62:
57:
48:
44:
40:
33:
19:
6384:Lipka Tatars
6327:Bangladeshis
6273:Walddeutsche
5874:
5822:
5815:
5808:
5801:
5794:
5744:Turkmenistan
5629:South Africa
5524:White Polish
5349:Transnistria
5249:
5242:
5228:
5129:Serb Muslims
5104:Kosovo Serbs
5079:Montenegrins
4950:
4807:
4733:
4567:
4472:Don Cossacks
4464:
4358:. Retrieved
4349:
4340:
4328:. Retrieved
4319:
4310:
4298:. Retrieved
4294:the original
4280:
4260:
4252:
4247:
4230:
4223:
4196:
4191:
4179:. Retrieved
4170:
4161:
4145:
4133:
4121:. Retrieved
4112:
4102:
4092:30 September
4090:. Retrieved
4082:ec.europa.eu
4081:
4071:
4061:29 September
4059:. Retrieved
4050:
4040:
4021:
4015:
4003:. Retrieved
3999:the original
3983:
3976:
3957:
3951:
3941:29 September
3939:. Retrieved
3930:
3921:
3873:
3867:
3855:. Retrieved
3848:the original
3835:
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3814:
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3770:29 September
3768:. Retrieved
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2481:
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2371:
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2345:
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2271:
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2244:. Retrieved
2240:the original
2235:
2226:
2214:. Retrieved
2188:
2129:
2122:
2118:
2097:
2072:Polonization
1927:Karta Polaka
1925:
1884:
1872:Polish music
1817:
1782:
1751:
1703: Poland
1678:
1669:
1658:Please help
1653:verification
1650:
1625:
1621:
1613:
1609:
1597:
1589:
1584:
1576:
1507:(migrants),
1499:(especially
1494:
1479:
1471:John Paul II
1365:
1334:
1308:
1298:
1288:
1282:
1268:
1258:
1227:
1199:Rudolf Weigl
1173:founded the
1160:
1140:), banners,
1137:
1129:
1121:
1115:
1100:
1059:
1051:Goral people
1033:, spoken in
1012:
970:
959:
903:tribal units
885:
880:sunt Polanos
875:
861:
860:Fragment of
832:Ethnogenesis
825:
809:
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779:
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763:
758:
754:
750:
746:
738:
730:
707:
702:
644:
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614:
570:ethnic group
562:
558:
557:
478:5,282 (2021)
350:South Africa
101:
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6414:Polska Roma
6389:Lithuanians
6332:Circassians
6263:Pomeranians
6258:Kosznajders
6241:Vilamovians
6156:Macedonians
6141:Belarusians
6104:Slovincians
5985:Podlachians
5775:New Zealand
5710:Philippines
5514:Netherlands
5371:Switzerland
5052:Macedonians
4906:South Slavs
4894:Upper Sorbs
4889:Texas Wends
4879:Lower Sorbs
4712:Slovincians
4580:Kamenschiks
4460:Albazinians
4423:Belarusians
4300:21 November
4228:(in Polish)
4181:14 November
3904:(in Polish)
3615:"The Slavs"
3139:|work=
3015:1 September
2990:14 November
2911:14 November
2881:14 November
2805:22 December
2745:21 February
2719:10 February
2693:14 November
2637:11 February
2527:14 November
2361:24 November
2289:12 December
1895:work freely
1840:New England
1513:irreligious
1497:Protestants
1396:bread rolls
1310:The Witcher
1270:Pan Tadeusz
1254:Bogurodzica
899:early Slavs
844:Early Slavs
720:River Warta
703:The Polish
687:Polish Jews
632:Australasia
567:West Slavic
397:Switzerland
303:Netherlands
226:Polish Jews
6467:West Slavs
6446:Categories
6431:Vietnamese
6357:Hungarians
6203:Ukrainians
6161:Podlashuks
6086:Kashubians
6071:Sącz Lachs
6039:Sieradzans
6024:Kocievians
5937:Lublinians
5927:Cracovians
5754:Uzbekistan
5737:Polonezköy
5727:Tajikistan
5695:Kyrgyzstan
5690:Kazakhstan
5665:Azerbaijan
5509:Luxembourg
5494:after 2004
5327:after WWII
5236:Historical
5030:Krashovani
4946:Bulgarians
4835:Sieradzans
4830:Sącz Lachs
4771:Kociewians
4697:Kashubians
4665:West Slavs
4634:Ukrainians
4610:Starozhily
4575:Kamchadals
4558:Doukhobors
4543:Podlashuks
4410:East Slavs
4350:www.cso.ie
4123:21 October
3825:9 February
3760:WorldAtlas
3507:Culture.pl
3462:8 February
3071:11 October
2901:Csb.gov.lv
2603:7 November
2470:5 February
2460:ons.gov.uk
2414:24 January
2216:8 February
2149:References
2110:pronounced
2082:West Slavs
1832:Pittsburgh
1824:New Jersey
1783:The term "
1772:, western
1436:See also:
1388:meat broth
1307:(fantasy;
1230:folk music
1070:expulsions
1055:intonation
927:Baltic Sea
866:(1073) by
842:See also:
822:Old Polish
770:Lithuanian
749:, Italian
735:topography
697:See also:
546:West Slavs
340:Kazakhstan
102:60 million
6347:Georgians
6342:Filipinos
6322:Armenians
6166:Poleshuks
6114:Silesians
6029:Łęczycans
5980:Poborzans
5970:Masurians
5960:Łowiczans
5952:Masovians
5932:Lasovians
5897:Kuyavians
5892:Kaliszans
5770:Australia
5608:Venezuela
5546:Argentina
5422:Lithuania
5322:Ruhrpolen
5183:Yugoslavs
4857:Silesians
4852:Ruhrpolen
4847:Obotrites
4815:Poborzans
4801:Łowiczans
4796:Masovians
4786:Łęczycans
4781:Lasovians
4759:Kaliszans
4729:Moravians
4724:Masurians
4639:Podolyans
4605:Siberians
4600:Semeiskie
4548:Poleshuks
4330:20 August
3857:3 January
3302:ignored (
3292:cite book
3282:5 January
3269:1640-3630
3229:"在留外国人統計"
3196:25 August
3141:ignored (
3131:cite book
3121:9 January
3045:31 August
2775:1 January
2663:6 January
2246:21 August
1947:etymology
1813:Communism
1766:Lithuania
1606:Światowid
1533:Białystok
1501:Lutherans
1361:Armenians
1353:Pomerania
1242:polonaise
1238:krakowiak
1228:Poland's
1068:– forced
1047:Pomerelia
1043:Pomerania
1039:Kashubian
923:Vistulans
780:Lengyelek
777:Hungarian
757:, German
753:, French
745:(Spanish
507:Languages
234:Lithuania
211:Australia
193:Argentina
6462:Lechites
6317:Africans
6301:Walloons
6296:Italians
6236:Flemings
6224:Olenders
6212:Germanic
6183:Russians
6049:Warmians
5788:See also
5720:Buryatia
5705:Pakistan
5644:Zimbabwe
5634:Tanzania
5581:Paraguay
5566:Colombia
5539:Americas
5366:Slovakia
5307:Bulgaria
5276:Diaspora
5244:Lechites
5146:Slovenes
5025:Janjevci
5010:Bunjevci
4914:Bosniaks
4840:Warmians
4719:Lechites
4585:Lipovans
4553:Russians
4538:Molokans
4455:Cossacks
4354:Archived
4324:Archived
4269:Archived
4235:Archived
4201:Archived
4175:Archived
4150:Archived
4117:Archived
4086:Archived
4055:Archived
3935:Archived
3931:oecd.org
3910:Archived
3878:Archived
3819:Archived
3817:. 2015.
3764:Archived
3734:Archived
3695:Archived
3618:Archived
3571:19 March
3565:Archived
3517:31 March
3511:Archived
3453:Archived
3409:Archived
3358:19 March
3352:Archived
3330:19 March
3324:Archived
3273:Archived
3190:Archived
3112:Archived
3039:Archived
3037:. 2022.
2984:Archived
2931:Archived
2905:Archived
2847:28 March
2841:Archived
2799:Archived
2739:Archived
2713:Archived
2687:Archived
2657:Archived
2631:Archived
2573:cite web
2521:Archived
2491:Archived
2464:Archived
2434:Archived
2408:Archived
2382:Archived
2355:Archived
2307:Archived
2280:Archived
2207:Archived
2168:Archived
1933:Lechites
1914:See also
1868:Curitiba
1789:diaspora
1762:Slovakia
1511:, those
1426:Religion
1376:coleslaw
1372:kielbasa
1290:Lord Jim
1142:cockades
1031:Silesian
1023:standard
1015:dialects
945:Language
911:Lechites
852:Lechites
818:Lendians
810:Lahestān
798:Lehastan
795:Լեհաստան
791:Armenian
755:polonais
751:polacche
716:Lechitic
647:Lechites
638:and the
628:Americas
606:citizens
598:preamble
565:, are a
551:Lechites
526:Religion
484:Portugal
474:Slovakia
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6399:Nepalis
6379:Koreans
6362:Indians
6284:Romance
6248:Germans
6231:English
6193:Slovaks
6099:Krubans
6019:Bambers
5965:Kurpies
5909:Taśtaks
5763:Oceania
5700:Lebanon
5675:Georgia
5660:Armenia
5624:Senegal
5603:Uruguay
5499:Belgium
5453:Croatia
5412:Ireland
5407:Iceland
5402:Finland
5397:Estonia
5392:Denmark
5376:Ukraine
5356:Romania
5344:Moldova
5339:Hungary
5317:Germany
5302:Belarus
5297:Austria
5089:Resians
5072:Torbeši
4869:Slovaks
4776:Kurpies
4764:Taśtaks
4739:Bambers
4707:Krubans
4702:Gochans
4646:Litvins
4590:Polekhs
4563:Goryuns
4523:Hutsuls
4255:, 2000.
4146:who.int
4113:FAO.org
3418:6 March
2957:Stat.kz
2563:30 June
2497:31 July
2440:27 July
2139:Yiddish
1951:demonym
1949:of the
1880:culture
1836:Buffalo
1828:Orlando
1820:Chicago
1791:in the
1785:Polonia
1778:Belarus
1774:Ukraine
1740:of the
1553:Wrocław
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1392:pierogi
1380:barszcz
1359:and to
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1234:mazurka
1183:Vitello
1103:history
1076:Culture
978:of the
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878:Oddaram
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766:exonyms
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705:endonym
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677:by the
624:Eurasia
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600:to the
582:culture
578:history
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311:Belgium
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6219:Dutch
6198:Sorbs
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4360:2 May
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2119:Polak
2089:Notes
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1138:flaga
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1027:lects
1004:Latin
996:Czech
939:state
921:(the
887:Slavs
874:": "
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563:Poles
561:, or
494:Japan
488:4,326
436:Chile
295:Spain
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6367:Jews
5653:Asia
5596:list
5586:Peru
5332:list
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4332:2017
4302:2013
4210:ISBN
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4094:2021
4063:2021
4026:ISBN
4007:2018
3989:ISBN
3962:ISBN
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3859:2016
3827:2018
3791:ISBN
3772:2021
3742:2021
3724:ISBN
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3592:ISBN
3573:2023
3555:ISBN
3519:2019
3464:2018
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3420:2013
3360:2023
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3304:help
3284:2019
3265:ISSN
3237:2024
3198:2022
3150:link
3143:help
3123:2019
3102:ISBN
3073:2017
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3017:2024
2992:2014
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2913:2014
2883:2014
2849:2020
2807:2013
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