387:. It considered most of the languages to be endangered and found that most individuals who spoke any of these languages were also bilingual in Hausa, which may have had influence on their lexicons and grammars. The book contains a lexicon of 852 words from the different Barawa languages. The words are organized based on semantic and syntactic categories. Semantic noun categories are followed by adjectives, numerals, pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions and a number of categories of verbs. However, Cosper's work was seriously defective.
1033:
Polci, being a South Bauchi West language, does not possess grammatical gender or nominal classes and as a rule, few nouns form a plural (morpho-lexical plural). The plural inside the NP (noun phrase) is expressed through the noun modifiers. There is no agreement between the verb and its arguments.
390:
Since then, the majority of the research on South Bauchi West (B.3) languages has been conducted by
Bernard Caron, a faculty member at the French National Centre for Scientific Research, LLACAN. Caron's research has focused on South Bauchi West and Polci cluster languages in particular. Many of his
359:
and published in 1972, listed the names, location and population of twenty four Chadic languages, which are very closely related to each other and are spoken to the south and west of Bauchi. They also collected word lists. However, no detailed analysis of linguistic data or language classification
379:
came to the conclusion that not all languages listed under the dialect continuum of the South Bauchi Group belonged there and came up with a much more extensive, new classification. This is also the work from which the Barawa subgroup name came from, which was found to be the term used locally in
1413:
generally are assumed to share their structure with topics. However, in Chadic South Bauchi West languages, such as Polci, conditionals share their structure with focus, not topic. In Polci specifically, focused constituents and conditional clauses appear on the left periphery marked by the
374:
With this information, K. Shimizu set out in 1974 to list the languages belonging to the
Southern Bauchi Group, to examine their geographical distribution, and to use valid linguistic data to come up with sub-classifications. The survey, published in 1978 and titled
367:, which contained 17 languages divided into two sub-groups. This list was revised and amplified by Kay Williamson in a document handed out to students at the University of Ibadan, titled
380:
this area to denote the speakers of this dialect continuum. Much of the research done on Barawa languages, the Polci cluster, and Polci itself use this survey as an important reference.
348:
In 1971, John
Ballard, working with the Department of Linguistics and Nigerian Languages, University of Ibadan, did an extensive linguistic survey of the Nigerian Middle Belt published
391:
papers are available online and include topics such as linguistic classification, syntactic structures such as conditionals, and noun classes such as pronominal and number systems.
3994:
1758:
1034:
However, plurality appears in the verb phrase in two places: (i) the formation of the imperatives (ii) a verbal derivation forming what has come to be called
330:
of the Zaar subgroup of the Barawa branch of the Chadic languages. The Polci dialects are Zul, Baram (Mbaram), Dir, Buli, Nyamzak/Langas, and Polci proper.
355:
In the same year, Neil
Campbell and James Hoskison from the Summer Institute of Linguistics carried out a linguistic survey of the Bauchi area. The survey,
1699:
Cosper, R. & Gital, G. 2004: Genitive
Constructions in South Bauchi (West Chadic) Languages, Zul and Polchi, with Comparisons to Ancient Egyptian.
4646:
759:
786:
352:. As a result, it came to light that there was a narrow corridor occupied by the speakers of Chadic languages in the southwest of Bauchi.
3987:
795:
1586:
1751:
766:
3600:
718:
628:
1588:
Barawa lexicon: A wordlist of eight South Bauchi (West Chadic) languages: Boghom, Buli, Dott, Geji, Jimi, Polci, Sayanci and Zul
385:
Barawa lexicon: A wordlist of eight South Bauchi (West Chadic) languages: Boghom, Buli, Dott, Geji, Jimi, Polci, Sayanci and Zul
950:
690:
3980:
4641:
4153:
1744:
725:
635:
4011:
964:
704:
697:
614:
239:
3655:
2686:
1913:
915:
4037:
995:
804:
544:
530:
4636:
4578:
2316:
733:
711:
621:
594:
585:
924:
2351:
2070:
341:
There have been several attempts to clarify the linguistic situation in the southern and southwestern part of
4568:
4563:
4211:
3708:
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2010:
1975:
560:
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78:
68:
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315:
1595:
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3844:
3223:
3147:
3068:
2540:
2020:
645:
606:
576:
333:
An extinct dialect called Luri was possibly dialect of Polci as well, but it is not well attested.
1567:
4573:
4391:
4252:
3839:
3442:
3129:
2815:
2742:
2336:
1883:
479:
434:
1635:. Paper Presented at Number in Africa and Beyond: Grammar, Semantics and Social Deixis, Cologne.
1690:
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1617:. Paper Presented at 3rd Biennial International Colloquium on the Chadic Languages, Villejuif.
957:
750:
487:
439:
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4080:
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1970:
1918:
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1035:
451:
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327:
60:
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2110:
2095:
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2040:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1828:
1823:
1797:
1105:
89:
1443:
Shimizu, K. 1978: The
Southern Bauchi Group of Chadic Languages: A Survey Report. In:
231:
225:
219:
213:
207:
4630:
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3497:
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2605:
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2535:
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2411:
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2341:
2291:
2271:
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2251:
2246:
2223:
2208:
2170:
2165:
2155:
2080:
2075:
2045:
2035:
2030:
2005:
2000:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1957:
1908:
1893:
1843:
1802:
897:
882:
4337:
4321:
4277:
4267:
3665:
3650:
3517:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3213:
3028:
3013:
2938:
2898:
2853:
2825:
2802:
2666:
2643:
2459:
2416:
2233:
2160:
2055:
2025:
2015:
1965:
1903:
1878:
1833:
1648:
870:
865:
303:
37:
4100:
3961:
3452:
3258:
3177:
3111:
2863:
2729:
2658:
2497:
2474:
1995:
1898:
1725:
1713:
1661:
Condition, topic and focus in
African languages: why conditionals are not topics
1536:
909:
892:
877:
254:
244:
1719:
842:
Polci contains six vowels qualities, which can be pronounced as short or long.
350:
Historical inferences from the linguistic geography of the
Nigerian Middle Belt
3773:
3316:
3139:
3083:
1520:
1515:
1506:
1501:
1492:
1487:
1478:
1473:
1464:
1459:
987:
902:
887:
2701:
944:
200:
153:
1701:
Egyptian and Semito-Hamitic (Afro-Asiatic) studies: In memoriam W. Vycichl.
190:
183:
176:
169:
162:
1731:
3972:
3059:
Tyap (Fantswam, Gworog, Sholyio, Takad, Tyap
Mabatado, Tyecharak, Tyuku)
1736:
1102:
307:
41:
3905:
1683:
Barawa: The pronominal system of South-Bauchi West Chadic languages.
3920:
371:
in 1972, to include 21 languages classified into three subgroups.
1556:(4th ed.). Cambridge: Kay Williamson Educational Foundation.
3976:
1938:
1740:
1568:
The Afro-Asiatic
Languages: Classification and Reference List
377:
A survey report of The South Bauchi Group of Chadic Languages
1020:
Polci is a three-tone language: Low = à; Mid = a; High = á.
345:, of which the Polci cluster and Polci language are a part.
1691:
Documenting linguistic varieties of the South-Bauchi group.
418:, which are common in the languages of Sub-Saharan Africa.
1594:. Vol. 39. Muenchen: LINCOM Europa. Archived from
4591:
4551:
4520:
4479:
4468:
4401:
4351:
4291:
4196:
4131:
4048:
4036:
4010:
3944:
3853:
3827:
3772:
3664:
3516:
3343:
3315:
3257:
3204:
3176:
3138:
3110:
3082:
2824:
2801:
2728:
2700:
2657:
2624:
2496:
2473:
2440:
2232:
2194:
1956:
1927:
1816:
1790:
1774:
285:
277:
269:
264:
250:
238:
198:
151:
146:
116:
57:
47:
33:
21:
1694:Towards polylectal grammars of African languages
1547:
1545:
3988:
1752:
8:
1625:
1623:
4476:
4045:
3995:
3981:
3973:
1953:
1935:
1931:
1759:
1745:
1737:
1537:Endangered Languages Project data for Luri
365:Provisional Check List of Chadic Languages
18:
1580:
1578:
1576:
1439:
1437:
1435:
1433:
1431:
360:was included in either of these surveys.
1110:
1045:
856:
420:
1643:
1641:
1427:
1726:Words of Life – Bible Stories in Polci
1632:Number in South-Bauchi-West Languages.
404:Polci contains 35 consonant phonemes.
314:cluster, which is in turn part of the
261:
1455:
1453:
115:
7:
1047:Table 3: Polci Independent Pronouns
1722:at the Endangered Languages Project
363:Also in 1971, C. Hoffman published
1686:Paper presented at CIL 17, Prague.
1445:Africana Marburgensia, Spec. iss.
14:
994:
963:
956:
949:
923:
914:
823:
803:
794:
785:
765:
758:
740:
732:
724:
717:
710:
703:
696:
689:
634:
627:
620:
613:
593:
584:
566:
559:
550:
543:
536:
529:
478:
467:
458:
383:In 1999, Ronald Cosper published
326:The Polci language is one of six
4647:Endangered Afroasiatic languages
1728:at the Global Recordings Network
853:/aː/,/eː/,/iː/,/oː/,/əː/,and/uː/
173: – Dir-Nyamzak-Mbarimi
16:Afro-Asiatic language of Nigeria
1554:An Atlas of Nigerian Languages
1:
1112:Table 4: Polci Number System
128:Dir (Diir, Dra, Baram Dutse)
369:Chadic languages of Nigeria
137:Polci (Posa, Polshi, Palci)
4663:
1129:
1124:
1119:
847:/a/,/e/,/i/,/o/,/ə/,and/u/
422:Table 1: Polci Consonants
4607:
1952:
1934:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
869:
864:
862:
831:
829:
818:
813:
809:
777:
773:
771:
755:
679:
644:
640:
610:
605:
601:
599:
556:
512:
486:
473:
450:
443:
438:
433:
428:
426:
357:Bauchi Area Survey Report
26:
134:Langas (Nyamzak, Lundur)
1585:Cosper, Ronald (1999).
1526:(subscription required)
1512:(subscription required)
1498:(subscription required)
1484:(subscription required)
1470:(subscription required)
1259:zì rop ɬiyè ni nə̀mtəm
3835:Nigerian Sign Language
1552:Blench, Roger (2019).
1233:zì rop ɬiyè ni wupsɨ̀
858:Table 2: Polci Vowels
337:History of scholarship
125:Baram (Mbaram, Barang)
4004:West Chadic languages
3952:Pan-Nigerian alphabet
1940:Indigenous languages
1601:on 28 September 2019.
1305:zup ɬiyè wusɨ̀rmìyen
343:Bauchi State, Nigeria
300:Afro-Asiatic language
4642:Languages of Nigeria
1928:Indigenous languages
1817:Recognised languages
1768:Languages of Nigeria
1155:zì rop ɬiyè ni nɨ̀m
416:implosive consonants
310:. It is part of the
298:(Pəlci, Posə) is an
3854:Immigrant languages
3845:Hausa Sign Language
1696:. Hamburg, Germany.
1649:Polci Number System
1474:Dir-Nyamzak-Mbarimi
1414:identifying copula
1113:
1048:
859:
423:
122:Zul (Mbarmi, Barma)
53:(22,000 cited 1995)
3840:Bura Sign Language
3656:Ukwuani-Aboh-Ndoni
1791:National languages
1775:Official languages
1667:, 2006, 46, 69-82.
1357:zup ɬiyè nə̀topsi
1331:zup ɬiyè wɨsɨpsɨ̀
1111:
1046:
857:
421:
180: – Pesse
4624:
4623:
4614:extinct languages
4587:
4586:
4192:
4191:
3970:
3969:
3823:
3822:
3819:
3818:
3815:
3814:
1524:(18th ed., 2015)
1510:(18th ed., 2015)
1496:(18th ed., 2015)
1482:(18th ed., 2015)
1468:(18th ed., 2015)
1398:
1397:
1253:zup ɬiyè nə̀mtəm
1094:
1093:
1013:
1012:
835:
834:
753:
686:
654:
579:
526:
496:
318:language family.
293:
292:
260:
259:
187: – Buli
166: – Luri
4654:
4637:Chadic languages
4618:Chadic languages
4477:
4046:
3997:
3990:
3983:
3974:
3957:Nigerian braille
1954:
1947:
1936:
1932:
1761:
1754:
1747:
1738:
1732:Polci dictionary
1689:Caron, B. 2009:
1680:Caron, B. 2003:
1668:
1657:
1651:
1645:
1636:
1629:Caron, B. 2011:
1627:
1618:
1614:Polci languages.
1611:Caron, B. 2005:
1609:
1603:
1602:
1600:
1593:
1582:
1571:
1564:
1558:
1557:
1549:
1540:
1534:
1528:
1527:
1513:
1499:
1485:
1471:
1457:
1448:
1441:
1417:
1227:zup ɬiyè wupsɨ̀
1134:
1114:
1049:
1007:
998:
982:
977:
972:
967:
960:
953:
939:
932:
927:
918:
860:
854:
848:
827:
807:
798:
789:
769:
762:
749:
744:
736:
728:
721:
714:
707:
700:
693:
684:
677:
670:
662:
650:
638:
631:
624:
617:
597:
588:
575:
570:
563:
554:
547:
540:
533:
524:
519:
510:
503:
492:
482:
471:
462:
424:
413:
409:
328:dialect clusters
262:
234:
228:
222:
216:
210:
194: – Zul
193:
186:
179:
172:
165:
156:
63:
19:
4662:
4661:
4657:
4656:
4655:
4653:
4652:
4651:
4627:
4626:
4625:
4620:
4603:
4583:
4547:
4528:Guruntum-Mbaaru
4516:
4472:
4464:
4405:
4397:
4347:
4287:
4188:
4127:
4039:
4032:
4013:
4006:
4001:
3971:
3966:
3940:
3849:
3811:
3768:
3660:
3512:
3339:
3311:
3253:
3200:
3172:
3134:
3106:
3078:
2820:
2797:
2724:
2696:
2653:
2620:
2492:
2469:
2436:
2228:
2190:
1948:
1941:
1923:
1812:
1786:
1770:
1765:
1716:at Academia.edu
1710:
1677:
1675:Further reading
1672:
1671:
1659:Caron, B. 206:
1658:
1654:
1646:
1639:
1628:
1621:
1610:
1606:
1598:
1591:
1584:
1583:
1574:
1565:
1561:
1551:
1550:
1543:
1535:
1531:
1525:
1514:
1511:
1500:
1497:
1486:
1483:
1472:
1469:
1458:
1451:
1442:
1429:
1424:
1408:
1403:
1317:zì wusɨ̀rmìyen
1201:zup ɬiyè miyèn
1132:
1099:
1044:
1031:
1026:
1018:
840:
402:
397:
339:
324:
230:
229:
224:
223:
218:
217:
212:
211:
206:
189:
188:
182:
181:
175:
174:
168:
167:
161:
160:
152:
112:
64:
61:Language family
59:
50:
49:Native speakers
17:
12:
11:
5:
4660:
4658:
4650:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4629:
4628:
4622:
4621:
4608:
4605:
4604:
4602:
4601:
4595:
4593:
4589:
4588:
4585:
4584:
4582:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4555:
4553:
4549:
4548:
4546:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4524:
4522:
4518:
4517:
4515:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4483:
4481:
4474:
4473:(Barawa) (B.3)
4466:
4465:
4463:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4409:
4407:
4399:
4398:
4396:
4395:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4377:
4376:
4366:
4358:
4356:
4349:
4348:
4346:
4345:
4340:
4335:
4334:
4333:
4330:
4327:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4304:
4298:
4296:
4289:
4288:
4286:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4260:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4220:
4214:
4212:Cakfem-Mushere
4209:
4203:
4201:
4194:
4193:
4190:
4189:
4187:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4135:
4133:
4129:
4128:
4126:
4125:
4120:
4115:
4110:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4052:
4050:
4043:
4034:
4033:
4031:
4030:
4025:
4019:
4017:
4008:
4007:
4002:
4000:
3999:
3992:
3985:
3977:
3968:
3967:
3965:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3948:
3946:
3942:
3941:
3939:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3857:
3855:
3851:
3850:
3848:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3831:
3829:
3828:Sign languages
3825:
3824:
3821:
3820:
3817:
3816:
3813:
3812:
3810:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3778:
3776:
3770:
3769:
3767:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3670:
3668:
3662:
3661:
3659:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3522:
3520:
3514:
3513:
3511:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3373:Cakfem-Mushere
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3349:
3347:
3341:
3340:
3338:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3321:
3319:
3313:
3312:
3310:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3263:
3261:
3255:
3254:
3252:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3210:
3208:
3202:
3201:
3199:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3182:
3180:
3174:
3173:
3171:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3144:
3142:
3136:
3135:
3133:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3116:
3114:
3108:
3107:
3105:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3088:
3086:
3080:
3079:
3077:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3049:Tugbiri-Niragu
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2830:
2828:
2822:
2821:
2819:
2818:
2813:
2807:
2805:
2799:
2798:
2796:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2734:
2732:
2726:
2725:
2723:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2706:
2704:
2698:
2697:
2695:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2663:
2661:
2655:
2654:
2652:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2630:
2628:
2622:
2621:
2619:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2502:
2500:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2490:
2485:
2479:
2477:
2471:
2470:
2468:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2446:
2444:
2438:
2437:
2435:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2238:
2236:
2230:
2229:
2227:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2200:
2198:
2192:
2191:
2189:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1962:
1960:
1950:
1949:
1944:Nigerian state
1939:
1929:
1925:
1924:
1922:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1820:
1818:
1814:
1813:
1811:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1794:
1792:
1788:
1787:
1785:
1784:
1778:
1776:
1772:
1771:
1766:
1764:
1763:
1756:
1749:
1741:
1735:
1734:
1729:
1723:
1717:
1709:
1708:External links
1706:
1705:
1704:
1703:Leiden: Brill.
1697:
1687:
1676:
1673:
1670:
1669:
1665:ZASPiL, Berlin
1652:
1637:
1619:
1604:
1572:
1566:Blench, 2006.
1559:
1541:
1529:
1449:
1426:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1371:
1370:
1369:zì nàtoropsɨ̀
1367:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1345:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1326:
1323:
1319:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1293:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1279:zup ɬiyè maɣà
1277:
1274:
1271:
1267:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1241:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1222:
1219:
1215:
1214:
1211:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1189:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1176:
1173:
1170:
1167:
1163:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1150:
1149:zup ɬiyè nɨ̀m
1147:
1144:
1141:
1137:
1136:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1106:numeral system
1098:
1095:
1092:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1081:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1070:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1059:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1043:
1040:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1008:
1003:
1001:
999:
992:
990:
984:
983:
978:
973:
968:
961:
954:
947:
941:
940:
935:
933:
928:
921:
919:
912:
906:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
874:
873:
868:
863:
845:Short vowels:
839:
836:
833:
832:
830:
828:
821:
819:
817:
811:
810:
808:
801:
799:
792:
790:
783:
781:
775:
774:
772:
770:
763:
756:
754:
746:
745:
738:
729:
722:
715:
708:
701:
694:
687:
681:
680:
678:
673:
671:
666:
664:
657:
655:
648:
642:
641:
639:
632:
625:
618:
611:
609:
603:
602:
600:
598:
591:
589:
582:
580:
572:
571:
564:
557:
555:
548:
541:
534:
527:
521:
520:
515:
513:
511:
506:
504:
499:
497:
490:
484:
483:
476:
474:
472:
465:
463:
456:
454:
448:
447:
442:
437:
432:
427:
401:
398:
396:
393:
338:
335:
323:
320:
291:
290:
287:
283:
282:
279:
275:
274:
271:
267:
266:
258:
257:
252:
248:
247:
242:
236:
235:
204:
196:
195:
157:
149:
148:
147:Language codes
144:
143:
142:
141:
138:
135:
132:
129:
126:
123:
118:
114:
113:
111:
110:
109:
108:
107:
106:
105:
104:
103:
102:
101:
100:
67:
65:
58:
55:
54:
51:
48:
45:
44:
35:
31:
30:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4659:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4634:
4632:
4619:
4615:
4611:
4606:
4600:
4597:
4596:
4594:
4590:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4556:
4554:
4550:
4544:
4541:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4525:
4523:
4519:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4484:
4482:
4478:
4475:
4471:
4467:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4415:
4411:
4410:
4408:
4406:(Warji) (B.2)
4404:
4400:
4394:
4393:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4375:
4372:
4371:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4364:
4360:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4350:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4331:
4328:
4325:
4324:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4290:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4195:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4136:
4134:
4130:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4108:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4053:
4051:
4047:
4044:
4041:
4035:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4009:
4005:
3998:
3993:
3991:
3986:
3984:
3979:
3978:
3975:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3949:
3947:
3943:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3858:
3856:
3852:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3832:
3830:
3826:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3779:
3777:
3775:
3771:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3671:
3669:
3667:
3663:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3523:
3521:
3519:
3515:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3350:
3348:
3346:
3342:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3322:
3320:
3318:
3314:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3264:
3262:
3260:
3256:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3211:
3209:
3207:
3203:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3183:
3181:
3179:
3175:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3145:
3143:
3141:
3137:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3117:
3115:
3113:
3109:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3089:
3087:
3085:
3081:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2979:Nikyob-Nindem
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2831:
2829:
2827:
2823:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2808:
2806:
2804:
2800:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2735:
2733:
2731:
2727:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2707:
2705:
2703:
2699:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2664:
2662:
2660:
2656:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2629:
2627:
2623:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2503:
2501:
2499:
2495:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2480:
2478:
2476:
2472:
2466:
2465:Southeast Ijo
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2447:
2445:
2443:
2439:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2239:
2237:
2235:
2231:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2201:
2199:
2197:
2193:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1963:
1961:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1945:
1937:
1933:
1930:
1926:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1821:
1819:
1815:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1795:
1793:
1789:
1783:
1780:
1779:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1762:
1757:
1755:
1750:
1748:
1743:
1742:
1739:
1733:
1730:
1727:
1724:
1721:
1718:
1715:
1714:Bernard Caron
1712:
1711:
1707:
1702:
1698:
1695:
1692:
1688:
1685:
1684:
1679:
1678:
1674:
1666:
1662:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1647:Kraft, 2007.
1644:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1633:
1626:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1615:
1608:
1605:
1597:
1590:
1589:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1563:
1560:
1555:
1548:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1533:
1530:
1523:
1522:
1517:
1509:
1508:
1503:
1495:
1494:
1489:
1481:
1480:
1475:
1467:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1440:
1438:
1436:
1434:
1432:
1428:
1421:
1419:
1412:
1405:
1400:
1393:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1372:
1368:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1320:
1316:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1294:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1268:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1242:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1217:
1216:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1175:zup ɬiyè ròp
1174:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1164:
1160:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1138:
1117:base numeral
1115:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1096:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1060:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1050:
1041:
1039:
1037:
1036:pluractionals
1028:
1023:
1021:
1015:
1009:
1004:
1002:
1000:
997:
993:
991:
989:
986:
985:
979:
974:
969:
966:
962:
959:
955:
952:
948:
946:
943:
942:
936:
934:
929:
926:
922:
920:
917:
913:
911:
908:
907:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
875:
872:
867:
861:
855:
851:Long vowels:
849:
843:
837:
826:
822:
820:
816:
812:
806:
802:
800:
797:
793:
791:
788:
784:
782:
780:
776:
768:
764:
761:
757:
752:
748:
747:
743:
739:
735:
730:
727:
723:
720:
716:
713:
709:
706:
702:
699:
695:
692:
688:
683:
682:
674:
672:
667:
665:
658:
656:
653:
649:
647:
643:
637:
633:
630:
626:
623:
619:
616:
612:
608:
604:
596:
592:
590:
587:
583:
581:
578:
574:
573:
569:
565:
562:
558:
553:
549:
546:
542:
539:
535:
532:
528:
523:
522:
516:
514:
507:
505:
500:
498:
495:
491:
489:
485:
481:
477:
475:
470:
466:
464:
461:
457:
455:
453:
449:
446:
441:
436:
431:
425:
419:
417:
405:
399:
394:
392:
388:
386:
381:
378:
372:
370:
366:
361:
358:
353:
351:
346:
344:
336:
334:
331:
329:
321:
319:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
263:
256:
253:
249:
246:
243:
241:
237:
233:
227:
221:
215:
209:
205:
203:
202:
197:
192:
185:
178:
171:
164:
158:
155:
150:
145:
139:
136:
133:
130:
127:
124:
121:
120:
119:
99:
96:
95:
94:Polci Cluster
93:
92:
91:
88:
87:
85:
82:
81:
80:
77:
76:
75:
72:
71:
70:
66:
62:
56:
52:
46:
43:
39:
36:
32:
29:
25:
20:
4616:. See also:
4609:
4496:
4470:South Bauchi
4412:
4403:North Bauchi
4390:
4373:
4361:
4329:Daffo-Butura
4105:
3498:Tyap (Takad)
2904:Gbagyi-Gbari
2667:Urhobo-Isoko
2460:Urhobo-Isoko
2401:
2071:Kirya-Konzəl
2016:Fali of Mubi
1942:(grouped by
1700:
1693:
1682:
1664:
1655:
1631:
1613:
1607:
1596:the original
1587:
1562:
1553:
1532:
1519:
1505:
1491:
1477:
1463:
1444:
1418:'it is'. ].
1411:Conditionals
1409:
1406:Conditionals
1343:zì wɨsɨpsɨ̀
1299:wusɨ̀rmìyen
1101:Polci has a
1100:
1032:
1019:
850:
844:
841:
406:
403:
389:
384:
382:
376:
373:
368:
364:
362:
356:
354:
349:
347:
340:
332:
325:
304:Bauchi State
295:
294:
199:
97:
69:Afro-Asiatic
38:Bauchi State
27:
4179:Piya-Kwonci
4101:Karai-karai
3962:Medefaidrin
3674:Baissa Fali
3631:Ogbronuagum
2626:Cross River
2591:Margi South
2186:Zizilivakan
2116:Margi South
1996:Chamba Leko
1899:Karai-karai
1839:Efik-Ibibio
1351:nàtoropsɨ̀
1265:zì nə̀mtəm
1084:3rd person
1073:2nd person
1062:1st person
779:Approximant
316:West Chadic
4631:Categories
3876:Portuguese
3224:Basa-Benue
3148:Basa-Benue
2864:Bu-Ninkada
2541:Guduf-Gava
2352:Kusur–Myet
1521:Ethnologue
1507:Ethnologue
1493:Ethnologue
1479:Ethnologue
1465:Ethnologue
1422:References
1239:zì wupsɨ̀
400:Consonants
159:Variously:
4612:indicate
4574:Kir-Balar
4392:Teshenawa
4253:Mwaghavul
3601:O’chi’chi
3443:Mwaghavul
3153:Bassa Nge
3130:Hun-Saare
2816:Teshenawa
2743:Bangwinji
2337:Kir-Balar
2196:Akwa Ibom
1325:wɨsɨpsɨ̀
1213:zì miyèn
1054:singular
1029:Plurality
646:Fricative
607:Affricate
577:implosive
395:Phonology
201:Glottolog
154:ISO 639-3
4521:Guruntum
4363:Auyokawa
4144:Kanakuru
4023:Gwandara
4014:Gwandara
3931:Japanese
3797:Karekare
3734:Pangseng
3729:Nyingwom
3626:Ogbogolo
3581:Kalabari
3325:Itsekiri
3287:Gwandara
3206:Nasarawa
3125:Damakawa
2959:Kuzamani
2909:Gwandara
2596:Nggwahyi
2566:Kanakuru
2327:Karekare
2307:Guruntum
2066:Kanakuru
1844:Fulfulde
1291:zì maɣà
1247:nə̀mtəm
1042:Pronouns
652:prenasal
494:prenasal
435:Alveolar
322:Dialects
286:Language
281:Man Zule
273:Nya Zule
232:zull1239
226:polc1243
220:lund1276
214:buli1260
208:nyam1284
117:Dialects
4610:Italics
4543:Zangwal
4420:Ciwogai
4374:Shirawa
4332:Shagawu
4233:Koenoem
4219:(Jorto)
4217:Chakato
4207:Belnəng
4184:Tangale
4132:Tangale
4081:Galambu
4040:Tangale
3945:Scripts
3936:Chinese
3916:Punjabi
3901:Russian
3881:Italian
3871:Spanish
3861:English
3759:Yendang
3576:Ikwerre
3561:Engenni
3413:Koenoem
3363:Bogghom
3345:Plateau
3297:Kakanda
3186:Kakanda
3102:Tikurmi
3024:T'kurmi
3019:Shamang
2999:Nyankpa
2778:Tangale
2710:Afenmai
2687:Ukwuani
2634:Abanyom
2611:Wandala
2526:Dghwede
2442:Bayelsa
2427:Zangwal
2372:Longuda
2287:Galambu
2257:Ciwogai
2181:Yendang
2106:Longuda
2021:Ga'anda
1958:Adamawa
1914:Ukwuani
1782:English
1394:zì zup
1383:zì rop
1221:wupsɨ̀
1187:zì rop
1103:decimal
1097:Numbers
1057:plural
898:central
883:central
751:lateral
488:Plosive
440:Palatal
308:Nigeria
289:Bi Zule
42:Nigeria
4592:Others
4579:Mangas
4559:Boghom
4552:Boghom
4460:Zumbun
4435:Mburku
4430:Kariya
4386:Ngizim
4343:Tambas
4326:Bokkos
4317:Mundat
4312:Kulere
4273:Pyapun
4248:Montol
4243:Miship
4228:Jibyal
4223:Goemai
4164:Kwaami
4154:Kulung
4149:Kholok
4091:Geruma
4012:Hausa–
3926:Romani
3911:Hebrew
3906:Arabic
3891:Danish
3886:German
3866:French
3807:Ngizim
3719:Mumuye
3699:Kholok
3689:Dadiya
3666:Taraba
3641:Okodia
3611:Obulom
3596:Nkoroo
3566:Gokana
3551:Ekpeye
3546:Degema
3541:Defaka
3536:Biseni
3518:Rivers
3503:Yankam
3488:Tambas
3458:Pyapun
3438:Mundat
3433:Montol
3428:Miship
3423:Kulere
3418:Kofyar
3393:Goemai
3353:Barkul
3292:Jijili
3282:Gbagyi
3272:Bariba
3039:Tivori
3034:TiSeni
2989:Numana
2949:Kinuku
2826:Kaduna
2803:Jigawa
2753:Dadiya
2692:Uhrobo
2649:Mbembe
2616:Yedina
2571:Lamang
2531:Glavda
2521:Cineni
2432:Zumbun
2382:Mburku
2377:Mangas
2362:Kwaami
2332:Kariya
2317:Jarawa
2297:Geruma
2277:Dikaka
2267:Dazawa
2234:Bauchi
2214:Ibibio
2204:Anaang
2141:Psikyɛ
2136:Nzanyi
2126:Ngwaba
2121:Mumuye
2101:Lamang
2091:Kugama
2086:Kpasam
1971:Bacama
1919:Urhobo
1889:Kanuri
1849:Gbagyi
1808:Yoruba
1447:25-49.
1401:Syntax
1195:miyèn
838:Vowels
815:Rhotic
430:Labial
312:Barawa
278:People
270:Person
251:
84:Barawa
74:Chadic
34:Region
28:Barawa
4497:Polci
4455:Warji
4414:Ajawa
4381:Ɗuwai
4355:(B.1)
4302:Duhwa
4295:(A.4)
4283:Yiwom
4263:Nteng
4238:Miler
4200:(A.3)
4198:Angas
4159:Kutto
4118:Maaka
4113:Ngamo
4096:Giiwo
4056:Ɓeele
4042:(A.2)
4038:Bole–
4028:Hausa
4016:(A.1)
3921:Hindi
3896:Dutch
3802:Ngamo
3792:Ɗuwai
3744:Tarok
3704:Kpati
3694:Donga
3646:Oruma
3636:Ogoni
3616:Odual
3606:Obolo
3591:Kugbo
3586:Khana
3556:Eleme
3508:Yiwom
3493:Tarok
3463:Rigwe
3408:Jorto
3403:Izere
3398:Horom
3358:Berom
3335:Ukaan
3307:Pongu
3259:Niger
3239:Hasha
3234:Eggon
3229:Duhwa
3219:Alumu
3178:Kwara
3168:Oworo
3158:Igala
3112:Kebbi
3097:Hausa
3092:Ɗuwai
3074:Zhire
3069:Wachi
3029:Timap
3009:Sambe
2994:Nungu
2984:Ninzo
2974:Nghan
2954:Koonu
2944:Kaivi
2934:Ikulu
2924:Hausa
2919:Hasha
2914:Gyong
2899:Ekhwa
2889:Dungu
2874:Bishi
2859:Berom
2849:Atsam
2839:Ahwai
2834:Adara
2768:Ngamo
2730:Gombe
2715:Ishan
2682:Isoko
2659:Delta
2601:Putai
2586:Margi
2576:Maaka
2561:Kamwe
2556:Jilbe
2546:Gvoko
2516:Cibak
2506:Afade
2498:Borno
2488:Igede
2483:Eggon
2475:Benue
2422:Warji
2407:Shiki
2402:Polci
2367:Labir
2357:Kutto
2347:Kushi
2312:Jalaa
2302:Giiwo
2282:Dulbu
2242:Ɓeele
2219:Obolo
2151:Taram
2146:Sukur
2131:Nyong
2111:Margi
2096:Kumba
2061:Kamwe
2051:Hwana
2041:Holma
1884:Jukun
1874:Izere
1869:Isoko
1859:Igala
1854:Idoma
1829:Ebira
1824:Berom
1798:Hausa
1720:Polci
1599:(PDF)
1592:(PDF)
1488:Pesse
1416:/kɶn/
1273:maɣà
1143:nɨ̀m
1024:Nouns
1016:Tones
910:close
893:front
878:front
866:short
685:plain
525:plain
452:Nasal
445:Velar
414:are
296:Polci
245:Polci
98:Polci
86:(B.3)
22:Polci
4599:Poki
4564:Jimi
4538:Tala
4512:Zeem
4507:Zari
4502:Saya
4492:Geji
4487:Dass
4480:Zaar
4450:Siri
4445:Paʼa
4440:Miya
4425:Diri
4369:Bade
4353:Bade
4307:Fyer
4258:Ngas
4174:Pero
4169:Nyam
4139:Goji
4123:Pali
4107:Kubi
4086:Gera
4076:Deno
4071:Daza
4066:Bure
4061:Bole
4049:Bole
3787:Bole
3782:Bade
3774:Yobe
3764:Yoti
3754:Waka
3749:Waja
3739:Rang
3724:Nyam
3714:Lufu
3709:Laka
3684:Buru
3679:Bete
3621:Ogba
3571:Ijaw
3531:Baan
3526:Abua
3448:Ngas
3388:Fyer
3383:Fyam
3378:Dass
3368:Bole
3330:Izon
3317:Ondo
3302:Nupe
3277:Cipu
3249:Toro
3244:Jili
3196:Nupe
3191:Kupa
3163:Nupe
3140:Kogi
3120:Cipu
3084:Kano
3064:Vono
3054:Tumi
3044:Toro
3004:Ruma
2969:Mala
2964:Mada
2929:Hyam
2894:Duya
2884:Doka
2879:Cori
2869:Bina
2844:Anib
2811:Bade
2793:Waja
2788:Tula
2783:Tera
2773:Pero
2763:Kamo
2758:Jara
2748:Bole
2738:Awak
2720:Bini
2677:Izon
2639:Efik
2606:Tera
2581:Mafa
2551:Jara
2536:Gude
2511:Bura
2455:Epie
2450:Izon
2412:Siri
2397:Piya
2392:Pa'a
2387:Miya
2342:Kubi
2322:Jimi
2292:Gera
2272:Deno
2262:Dass
2252:Bure
2247:Bole
2224:Oron
2209:Ekit
2171:Waja
2166:Vere
2156:Teme
2081:Koma
2076:Kofa
2046:Huba
2036:Gudu
2031:Gude
2011:Dong
2006:Daka
2001:Daba
1991:Bura
1986:Boga
1981:Bata
1976:Bali
1909:Tyap
1894:Nupe
1864:Ijaw
1803:Igbo
1570:(ms)
1502:Buli
1460:Luri
1377:zup
1169:rǒp
1161:zup
1127:+20
1122:+10
1090:wún
988:open
903:back
888:back
871:long
410:and
265:Zule
255:Luri
140:Luri
131:Buli
90:Zaar
79:West
4569:Jum
4338:Sha
4322:Ron
4293:Ron
4278:Tal
4268:Pan
3651:Tee
3483:Tal
3478:Sur
3473:Sha
3468:Ron
3267:Asu
3214:Ake
3014:Sha
2939:Jju
2854:Ayu
2702:Edo
2672:Ika
2644:Mbe
2417:Tso
2176:Wom
2161:Tso
2056:Hya
2026:Gaa
1966:Baa
1904:Tiv
1879:Jju
1834:Edo
1518:at
1516:Zul
1504:at
1490:at
1476:at
1462:at
1391:100
1135:10
1087:tí
1079:kì
1076:kí
1068:mì
1065:ám
945:mid
636:d͡ʒ
629:t͡ʃ
622:d͡z
615:t͡s
412:/ɗ/
408:/ɓ/
302:of
240:ELP
191:zlu
184:uly
177:pze
170:nzr
163:ldd
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3453:Pe
1663:.
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1452:^
1430:^
1388:—
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1366:90
1363:—
1360:29
1354:19
1340:80
1337:—
1334:28
1328:18
1314:70
1311:—
1308:27
1302:17
1288:60
1285:—
1282:26
1276:16
1262:50
1256:25
1250:15
1236:40
1230:24
1224:14
1210:30
1207:—
1204:23
1198:13
1184:20
1181:—
1178:22
1172:12
1158:10
1152:21
1146:11
1133:×
1108:.
1038:.
1006:aː
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976:əː
971:eː
938:uː
931:iː
676:ⁿʒ
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509:ⁿd
502:ᵐb
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1322:8
1296:7
1270:6
1244:5
1218:4
1192:3
1166:2
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958:ə
951:e
925:u
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825:r
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796:l
787:w
767:ɮ
760:ɬ
742:ɣ
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734:x
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726:ʒ
719:ʃ
712:z
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595:ɗ
586:ɓ
568:ɡ
561:k
552:d
545:t
538:b
531:p
480:ŋ
469:n
460:m
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