143:
47:
922:
3759:
255:
1186:
3821:
3845:
159:
151:
3797:
3833:
3809:
3770:
903:, it is possible to see both Polaris and the Southern Cross. The celestial south pole is moving toward the Southern Cross, which has pointed to the south pole for the last 2000 years or so. As a consequence, the constellation is no longer visible from subtropical northern latitudes, as it was in the time of the
432:
during the 26,000 year cycle, they do not necessarily meet the naked eye limit needed to serve as a useful indicator of north to an Earth-based observer, resulting in periods of time during the cycle when there is no clearly defined North Star. There will also be periods during the cycle when bright
1218:
by the place of this sterre place and stedes and boundes of the other sterres and of cercles of heven ben knowen: therefore astronomers beholde mooste this sterre. Then this ster is dyscryved of the moste shorte cercle; for he is ferre from the place that we ben in; he hydeth the hugenesse of his
270:
it was 89.26 degrees N). So it appears due north in the sky to a precision better than one degree, and the angle it makes with respect to the true horizon (after correcting for refraction and other factors) is within a degree of the latitude of the observer. The celestial pole will be nearest
440:
The 26,000 year cycle of North Stars, starting with the current star, with stars that will be "near-north" indicators when no North Star exists during the cycle, including each star's average brightness and closest alignment to the north celestial pole during the cycle:
174:(Kochab) was closer to the celestial north pole than Alpha Ursae Minoris. While there was no naked-eye star close to the pole, the midpoint between Alpha and Beta Ursae Minoris was reasonably close to the pole, and it appears that the entire constellation of
832:
400:
around 18,400 AD. The celestial pole will then return to the stars in constellation Draco (Thuban, mentioned above) before returning to the current constellation, Ursa Minor. When
Polaris becomes the North Star again around 27,800 AD, due to its
984:, visible to the naked eye under ideal conditions) that most closely coincide with the projection of the planet's axis of rotation onto the celestial sphere. Different planets have different pole stars because their axes are oriented differently. (See
1298:, also writing in the 9th century, makes an explicit reference to the "Star of the Sea" metaphor, saying that Mary is the "Star of the Sea" to be followed on the way to Christ, "lest we capsize amid the storm-tossed waves of the sea."
1518:...in the early 16th century ... Polaris was still around three and a half degrees from the celestial pole ...will reach its closest to the north celestial pole around AD 2100, when the separation will be less than half a degree
2011:
835:
839:
838:
834:
833:
278:(as well as the stars' proper motions), the role of North Star has passed (and will pass) from one star to another in the remote past (and in the remote future). In 3000 BC, the faint star
840:
293:
from the celestial pole, the closest of any of the visible pole stars. However, at magnitude 3.67 (fourth magnitude) it is only one-fifth as bright as
Polaris, and today it is invisible in
373:
will be a more helpful pole star, at a distance of 3° from celestial north, around 11,250 AD. Precession will then point the north celestial pole nearer the constellation
1345:
837:
1467:
Gemmae Frisii de astrolabo catholico liber: quo latissime patentis instrumenti multiplex usus explicatur, & quicquid uspiam rerum mathematicarum tradi possit continetur
2050:
1790:
1888:
3610:
142:
327:
of +89°32'23", which translates to 1657" (or 0.4603°) from the celestial north pole, in
February 2102. Its maximum apparent declination (taking account of
961:
will have a declination of –82°, meaning it will rise and set daily for latitudes between 8°S and 8°N, and will not rise to viewers north of this latter
852:, and Southern Cross (next to the Coalsack) are clearly visible. Near the end of the video, the rise of the Moon illuminates the scene. (Argentina, 2014)
836:
304:(Kochab) was the bright star closest to the celestial pole, but it was never close enough to be taken as marking the pole, and the Greek navigator
365:. Like Beta Ursae Minoris during the 1st millennium BC, the bright star closest to the celestial pole in the 10th millennium AD, first-magnitude
354:
will stand on either side of the northern celestial pole some time around 5200 AD, before moving to closer alignment with the brighter star
246:(i.e. "Cynosure, or the Marian Polar Star"), a collection of Marian poetry published by Nicolaus Lucensis (Niccolo Barsotti de Lucca) in 1655.
1219:
quantite for unmevablenes of his place, and he doth cerfifie men moste certenly, that beholde and take hede therof; and therfore he is called
3642:
2095:
1997:
1864:
1511:
972:
will be a future southern pole star: at 88.4° S declination in the year 66,270 AD; and 87.7° S declination in the year 93,830 AD.
230:
was coined in the
Renaissance, even though at that time it was well recognized that it was several degrees away from the celestial pole;
2251:
3617:
2936:
2199:
1569:
3329:
2234:
46:
3243:
2159:
stella maris, sive illuminatrix Maria, inter fluctivagas undas pelagi, fide ac moribus sequenda est, ne mergamur undis diluvii
3622:
3259:
2278:
1077:
In 1968 the north pole star of the Moon was Omega
Draconis; by 1977 it was 36 Draconis. The south pole star is Delta Doradus.
1037:
1442:
1384:
896:
constellation functions as an approximate southern pole constellation, by pointing to where a southern pole star would be.
346:("Errai") by 3000 AD, with Errai reaching its closest alignment with the northern celestial pole around 4200 AD.
3669:
3536:
1318:
382:
1985:
3652:
3603:
3578:
2871:
2010:
Archinal, Brent A.; A'Hearn, Michael F.; Bowell, Edward G.; Conrad, Albert R.; Consolmagno, Guy J.; et al. (2010).
985:
315:
The precession of the equinoxes takes about 25,770 years to complete a cycle. Polaris' mean position (taking account of
2956:
1401:
3593:
3573:
953:(Alsephina, 9200 AD). From the eightieth to the ninetieth centuries, the south celestial pole will travel through the
275:
184:(Greek Κυνόσουρα "dog's tail"), was used as indicating the northern direction for the purposes of navigation by the
3787:
3657:
3588:
3558:
2083:
1454:
1396:
1360:
39:
1346:
Empirical evidence for the spherical shape of Earth § Observation of certain, fixed stars from different locations
3664:
3541:
3518:
3100:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2145:
1232:
1201:
61:
369:, will be a distant 7° from the pole, never close enough to be taken as marking the pole, while third-magnitude
134:(Gamma Ursae Minoris) were twin northern pole stars, though neither was as close to the pole as Polaris is now.
2807:
2681:
2316:
712:
687:
393:
3334:
3003:
1245:
3583:
3133:
3043:
2985:
2911:
2482:
2408:
1340:
1131:
590:
566:
539:
516:
378:
339:
2358:
1831:
3744:
3724:
3496:
3491:
3284:
3233:
3038:
3028:
2701:
2499:
2467:
2341:
1757:
1723:
1626:
1207:
1088:
638:
614:
362:
1044:
for the purpose of determining orientation. Using this convention, Venus is tilted 177° ("upside down").
405:
it then will be farther away from the pole than it is now, while in 23,600 BC it was closer to the pole.
3598:
3568:
3563:
3553:
3481:
3269:
2435:
1503:
785:
762:
738:
328:
286:
2716:
335:) will be +89°32'50.62", which is 1629" (or 0.4526°) from the celestial north pole, on 24 March 2100.
194:, has since itself become a term for "guiding principle" after the constellation's use in navigation.
154:
The path of the north celestial pole among the stars due to the effect of precession, with dates shown
3739:
3637:
3627:
3476:
3444:
3238:
3033:
3018:
2331:
2026:
1295:
1240:
116:
2578:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3849:
3339:
3199:
3182:
2853:
2755:
1682:
930:
844:
Series of shots showing the rotation of the Earth's axis relative to the south celestial pole. The
481:
425:
332:
210:
205:
in the 5th century, when it was still removed from the celestial pole by about 8°. It was known as
167:
50:
2087:
980:
Pole stars of other planets are defined analogously: they are stars (brighter than 6th magnitude,
146:
A method to find the Pole star
Polaris at 5x the distance of the two front stars of the Big Dipper
3837:
3825:
3734:
3695:
3647:
3632:
3546:
3486:
3409:
3319:
3289:
3279:
3223:
3145:
2836:
2472:
2271:
2205:
2165:
2042:
1882:
1302:
962:
889:
873:
801:
794:
457:
417:
301:
171:
112:
2179:
1856:
Stars & planets : the complete guide to the stars, constellations, and the solar system
392:
Precession will eventually point the north celestial pole nearer the stars in the constellation
1776:
1223:, the sterre of the see, for he ledeth in the see men that saylle and have shyppemannes crafte.
3685:
3170:
3110:
3083:
3063:
2863:
2647:
2635:
2462:
2442:
2396:
2378:
2346:
2195:
2161:
2091:
1993:
1870:
1860:
1584:
Cygni) will be the brightest star near the pole in about 8000 years' time, at a distance of 7°
1565:
1507:
1431:
1335:
1330:
1314:
1228:
845:
447:
389:, will be a pole star around 14,500 AD, though at a distance of 5° from celestial north.
267:
120:
85:
53:
2115:
1656:
1491:
1470:
428:
will hold the transitory title of North Star. While other stars might line up with the north
3801:
3513:
3466:
3416:
3404:
3382:
3377:
3304:
3264:
3211:
2993:
2916:
2891:
2785:
2706:
2430:
2391:
2187:
2075:
2034:
1561:
1554:
1063:
1052:
1011:
434:
409:
290:
81:
2012:"Report of the IAU Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements: 2009"
361:
Precession will then point the north celestial pole at stars in the northern constellation
338:
Precession will next point the north celestial pole at stars in the northern constellation
3700:
3503:
3372:
3216:
3187:
3128:
3123:
2998:
2726:
2691:
2625:
2571:
2566:
2511:
2321:
1419:
1406:
1283:
942:
921:
849:
294:
2076:
1066:, the lunar pole describes a small circle on the celestial sphere every 18.6 years. e.g.
880:, making it less useful for casual navigational or astronomy alignment purposes. It is a
234:
in the year 1547 determined this distance as 3°8'. An explicit identification of Mary as
115:
2 star aligned approximately with its northern axis that serves as a pre-eminent star in
2030:
1859:. Wil Tirion, Ian Ridpath, Ian Ridpath (Updated and expanded ed.). Princeton, N.J.
3762:
3528:
3367:
3194:
3165:
3140:
3073:
2762:
2630:
2516:
2418:
2308:
2298:
1745:
1711:
1687:
1614:
1355:
1317:
are also oriented towards the north. On the contrary, the south is associated with the
1306:
1137:
1016:
904:
865:
775:
751:
469:
429:
89:
3859:
3714:
3508:
3471:
3439:
3314:
3023:
2846:
2817:
2795:
2413:
2386:
2363:
2264:
2209:
2046:
1804:
1715:
1450:
1424:
cynosurae septem stellas consideravit quibus cursum navigationis dirigebant
Phoenices
1392:
1172:
1120:
1114:
1102:
1068:
1057:
950:
938:
727:
677:
462:
402:
320:
283:
231:
162:
The path of the south celestial pole among the stars due to the effect of precession
3813:
3774:
3449:
3399:
3394:
3294:
3177:
3160:
3118:
3078:
3013:
2896:
2841:
2822:
2802:
2780:
2772:
2615:
2608:
2447:
2368:
2351:
1902:
1678:
1236:
1211:
1147:
1031:
946:
877:
702:
579:
505:
433:
stars give only an approximate guide to "north", as they may be greater than 5° of
397:
355:
343:
309:
1749:
1618:
1235:
being a title of the
Blessed Virgin. This tradition goes back to a misreading of
3690:
3389:
3362:
3354:
3344:
3324:
3299:
3228:
3150:
2906:
2881:
2876:
2790:
2750:
2711:
2676:
2659:
2654:
2326:
1549:
1487:
1278:
1258:
1167:
1163:
1092:
1026:
954:
651:
627:
603:
555:
548:
529:
370:
351:
347:
324:
263:
185:
254:
3274:
2971:
2944:
2921:
2901:
2886:
2738:
2642:
2620:
2598:
2593:
2457:
2191:
2038:
1874:
1350:
1190:
1185:
1152:
929:
In the next 7500 years, the south celestial pole will pass close to the stars
911:
885:
881:
812:
492:
316:
175:
101:
97:
65:
2140:
3309:
3093:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3008:
2961:
2951:
2745:
2721:
2696:
2603:
2554:
2487:
2477:
2452:
2425:
2401:
2336:
1989:
1808:
1499:
1310:
869:
421:
413:
190:
180:
32:
1854:
312:, the celestial pole was about equally distant between Polaris and Kochab.
197:
Alpha Ursae
Minoris (Polaris) was described as ἀειφανής (transliterated as
1305:, the Pole Star is considered to be auspicious and is associated with the
158:
150:
3454:
3155:
2829:
2588:
2561:
915:
914:
was the nearest bright star to the celestial south pole. Around 2800 BC,
202:
17:
1942:
1916:
3729:
3204:
2966:
2733:
2686:
2669:
2664:
2583:
1273:
1194:
958:
934:
900:
857:
305:
131:
108:
57:
308:
in ca. 320 BC described the celestial pole as devoid of stars. In the
3719:
3707:
2926:
2812:
1534:
Jean Meeus, Mathematical
Astronomy Morsels Ch. 50; Willmann-Bell 1997
969:
279:
219:
214:
127:
1206:("star of the sea", from its use for navigation at sea), as in e.g.
3808:
3769:
1184:
1096:
920:
830:
366:
253:
157:
149:
141:
93:
45:
88:; that is, a star whose apparent position is close to one of the
27:
Visible star that is nearly aligned with Earth's axis of rotation
3088:
3068:
2287:
1964:
893:
662:
386:
374:
77:
2260:
1661:, vol. 4, Presbyterian Magazine Company, 1871, p. 53.
342:. The pole will drift to space equidistant between Polaris and
96:, a pole star would lie directly overhead when viewed from the
3434:
1272:; the misreading is also found in the manuscript tradition of
2078:
Mars: An introduction to its interior, surface and atmosphere
1443:
1385:
437:
removed from direct alignment with the north celestial pole.
119:, and a much dimmer magnitude 5.5 star on its southern axis,
1286:; a late 9th-century manuscript of Jerome's text still has
31:"South Star" redirects here. For the American rapper, see
2256:
1492:"Chapter Three: The celestial eighty-eight – Ursa Minor"
201:) meaning "always above the horizon", "ever-shining" by
1257:"drop of the sea" as a (false) Hebrew etymology of the
126:
From around 1700 BC until just after 300 AD,
3785:
1426:): "Notae ad Scaligeri Diatribam de Aequinoctiis" in
3678:
3527:
3425:
3353:
3252:
3109:
2984:
2862:
2771:
2498:
2377:
2307:
1553:
1200:In the medieval period, Polaris was also known as
213:, reflecting its use in navigation. In the Vishnu
1706:
1704:
1580:Draconis) lay a mere 0°.1 from the pole. Deneb (
1331:Astronomy on Mars § Celestial poles and ecliptic
1073:The Guinness Book of Astronomy Facts & Feats
188:. The ancient name of Ursa Minor, anglicized as
1601:The Observer's Year: 366 Nights in the Universe
1216:
1740:
1738:
1651:
1649:
1647:
1645:
1643:
1641:
646:will become the North Star at about 11,250 AD
2272:
670:used to be the North Star at about 12,000 BC;
622:will become the North Star at about 9,800 AD
598:will become the North Star at about 7,500 AD
574:will become the North Star at about 5,900 AD
524:will become the North Star at about 3,100 AD
8:
892:from the pole is about 1° (as of 2000). The
856:Currently, there is no South Pole Star like
820:used to be the North Star at about 1,100 BC
770:used to be the North Star at about 3,000 BC
746:used to be the North Star at about 4,420 BC
697:and will become the North Star at 15,000 AD
695:used to be the North Star at about 9,000 BC;
672:and will become the North Star at 14,500 AD
2019:Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy
1672:
1670:
1668:
1482:
1480:
1478:
2504:
2279:
2265:
2257:
1887:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
443:
1282:(7th century); it probably arises in the
872:star to the south celestial pole, but at
289:was the North Star, aligning within 0.1°
2128:Conversations-Lexicon Für Bildende Kunst
990:
918:was only 8 degrees from the south pole.
3792:
1594:
1592:
1560:. New York: Pearson Education. p.
1530:
1528:
1526:
1377:
968:Precession and proper motion mean that
408:Over the course of Earth's 26,000-year
80:that is approximately aligned with the
1880:
793:a near-north star, shares timing with
1544:
1542:
1540:
925:Circle of southern stars, Chile, 2016
258:Precession of Earth's rotational axis
7:
2110:cited after J. O. Halliwell, (ed.),
1113:a little over two degrees away from
358:("Alderamin") around 7500 AD.
244:Cynosura seu Mariana Stella Polaris
217:, it is personified under the name
1683:"Gamma Cephei: A future Pole Star"
107:Currently, Earth's pole stars are
25:
1210:(d. 1272), in the translation of
3843:
3831:
3819:
3807:
3795:
3768:
3758:
3757:
2112:The Works of William Shakespeare
1965:"Sirius, future South Pole Star"
1945:. Sheffield Astronomical Society
1430:ed. Ch. Frisch, vol. 8.1 (1870)
1193:pictured in the coat of arms of
1134:, about six degrees from Polaris
111:(Alpha Ursae Minoris), a bright
1791:"Is there a southern pole star"
1253:(written ca. 390). Jerome gave
876:5.47 it is barely visible on a
827:Southern pole star (South Star)
722:will be again around 18,400 AD
242:) becomes evident in the title
1941:Kieron Taylor (1 March 1994).
1576:Around 4800 years ago Thuban (
1130:in the far northern region of
720:was the pole star in 7,400 BC,
300:During the 1st millennium BC,
209:("ship-star") in 10th-century
1:
3670:Timeline of stellar astronomy
2180:"Cosmology in Mandaean Texts"
1830:Hobbs, Trace (May 21, 2013).
1619:"KOCHAB (Beta Ursae Minoris)"
1313:face north when praying, and
1105:is a couple of degrees away.
383:northern celestial hemisphere
266:was 89.35 degrees North; (at
2239:Hipparcos, the New Reduction
1832:"Night Sky Near the Equator"
1227:Polaris was associated with
986:Poles of astronomical bodies
3330:Hertzsprung–Russell diagram
2186:. Brill. pp. 572–579.
2178:Bhayro, Siam (2020-02-10).
1119:about two degrees north of
276:precession of the equinoxes
250:Precession of the equinoxes
3892:
3244:Kelvin–Helmholtz mechanism
2252:Star trails around Polaris
2084:Cambridge University Press
1716:"ALDERAMIN (Alpha Cephei)"
1444:
1386:
1361:Worship of heavenly bodies
412:cycle, a series of bright
40:Pole star (disambiguation)
29:
3753:
2507:
2294:
2192:10.1163/9789004400566_046
2146:The Catholic Encyclopedia
2039:10.1007/s10569-010-9320-4
1805:"The North Star: Polaris"
1779:. Jumk.De. 6 August 2013.
1233:Our Lady, Star of the Sea
1181:In religion and mythology
1087:The top two stars in the
949:(Aspidiske, 8100 AD) and
130:(Beta Ursae Minoris) and
3623:With multiple exoplanets
2233:van Leeuwen, F. (2007).
1750:"TAU HER (Tau Herculis)"
957:. Around 14,000 AD
910:Around 200 BC, the star
178:, in antiquity known as
2409:Asymptotic giant branch
1599:Moore, Patrick (2005).
1402:A Greek–English Lexicon
1341:Direction determination
500:the current North Star
323:) will reach a maximum
3745:Tidal disruption event
3234:Circumstellar envelope
2468:Luminous blue variable
2074:Barlow, N. G. (2008).
1758:University of Illinois
1724:University of Illinois
1627:University of Illinois
1251:De nominibus hebraicis
1225:
1208:Bartholomaeus Anglicus
1197:
926:
853:
262:In 2022 Polaris' mean
259:
223:("immovable, fixed").
163:
155:
147:
69:
3270:Effective temperature
2184:Hellenistic Astronomy
2000:. www.starrynight.com
1853:Ridpath, Ian (2017).
1793:. Cornell University.
1504:The Lutterworth Press
1393:Liddell, Henry George
1268:was later misread as
1188:
1099:, point to the pole.
924:
843:
379:second brightest star
257:
238:with the North Star (
161:
153:
145:
49:
3740:Planet-hosting stars
3618:With resolved images
3589:Historical brightest
3519:Photometric-standard
3445:Solar radio emission
3239:Eddington luminosity
3019:Triple-alpha process
2957:Thorne–Żytkow object
2332:Young stellar object
2130:vol. 7 (1857), 141f.
1469:, Steelsius (1556),
1296:Paschasius Radbertus
1231:from an early time,
868:is the closest near
117:celestial navigation
38:For other uses, see
3564:Highest temperature
3335:Color–color diagram
3200:Protoplanetary disk
3004:Proton–proton chain
2682:Chemically peculiar
2031:2011CeMDA.109..101A
1556:Norton's Star Atlas
1428:Kepleri Opera Omnia
931:Gamma Chamaeleontis
547:shares timing with
482:Alpha Ursae Minoris
426:northern hemisphere
396:, pointing towards
211:Anglo-Saxon England
168:classical antiquity
51:Northern Hemisphere
3569:Lowest temperature
3320:Photometric system
3290:Absolute magnitude
3224:Circumstellar dust
2837:Stellar black hole
2473:Stellar population
2359:Herbig–Haro object
2141:"The Name of Mary"
1303:Mandaean cosmology
1239:'s translation of
1198:
963:8th parallel north
927:
890:angular separation
874:apparent magnitude
854:
802:Beta Ursae Minoris
418:apparent magnitude
302:Beta Ursae Minoris
260:
172:Beta Ursae Minoris
164:
156:
148:
123:(Sigma Octantis).
70:
3783:
3782:
3686:Substellar object
3665:Planetary nebulae
3084:Luminous red nova
2994:Deuterium burning
2980:
2979:
2463:Instability strip
2443:Wolf-Rayet nebula
2397:Horizontal branch
2342:Pre-main-sequence
2097:978-0-521-85226-5
1998:978-0-07-333666-4
1988:, Version 5.8.4.
1866:978-0-691-17788-5
1513:978-0-7188-2695-6
1336:Celestial equator
1319:World of Darkness
1229:Marian veneration
1178:
1177:
1036:The IAU uses the
846:Magellanic Clouds
841:
824:
823:
424:is −12.9) in the
271:Polaris in 2100.
121:Polaris Australis
86:astronomical body
54:circumpolar stars
16:(Redirected from
3883:
3848:
3847:
3846:
3836:
3835:
3834:
3824:
3823:
3822:
3812:
3811:
3800:
3799:
3798:
3791:
3775:Stars portal
3773:
3772:
3761:
3760:
3417:Planetary system
3340:Strömgren sphere
3212:Asteroseismology
2933:Black hole star
2505:
2431:Planetary nebula
2392:Red-giant branch
2281:
2274:
2267:
2258:
2248:
2246:
2245:
2220:
2219:
2217:
2216:
2175:
2169:
2156:
2150:
2137:
2131:
2125:
2119:
2108:
2102:
2101:
2081:
2071:
2065:
2064:
2062:
2061:
2055:
2049:. Archived from
2016:
2007:
2001:
1986:Starry Night Pro
1982:
1976:
1975:
1973:
1972:
1960:
1954:
1953:
1951:
1950:
1938:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1927:
1913:
1907:
1906:
1899:
1893:
1892:
1886:
1878:
1850:
1844:
1843:
1841:
1839:
1827:
1821:
1820:
1818:
1816:
1801:
1795:
1794:
1787:
1781:
1780:
1777:"Sigma Octantis"
1773:
1767:
1766:
1765:
1764:
1742:
1733:
1732:
1731:
1730:
1708:
1699:
1698:
1696:
1695:
1677:McClure, Bruce;
1674:
1663:
1662:
1653:
1636:
1635:
1634:
1633:
1611:
1605:
1604:
1596:
1587:
1586:
1583:
1579:
1559:
1546:
1535:
1532:
1521:
1520:
1484:
1473:
1464:
1458:
1447:
1446:
1440:
1434:
1416:
1410:
1389:
1388:
1382:
1079:
1064:axial precession
1053:Omicron Draconis
1012:Omicron Draconis
991:
888:from Earth. Its
860:, the so-called
842:
497:within 0.5°
444:
435:angular diameter
410:axial precession
82:axis of rotation
43:
36:
21:
3891:
3890:
3886:
3885:
3884:
3882:
3881:
3880:
3856:
3855:
3854:
3844:
3842:
3832:
3830:
3820:
3818:
3806:
3796:
3794:
3786:
3784:
3779:
3767:
3749:
3674:
3643:Milky Way novae
3579:Smallest volume
3523:
3504:Radial velocity
3427:
3421:
3373:Common envelope
3349:
3248:
3217:Helioseismology
3188:Bipolar outflow
3129:Microturbulence
3124:Convection zone
3105:
2999:Lithium burning
2986:Nucleosynthesis
2976:
2858:
2767:
2494:
2373:
2322:Molecular cloud
2303:
2290:
2285:
2243:
2241:
2232:
2229:
2224:
2223:
2214:
2212:
2202:
2177:
2176:
2172:
2157:
2153:
2138:
2134:
2126:
2122:
2114:vol. 5 (1856),
2109:
2105:
2098:
2073:
2072:
2068:
2059:
2057:
2053:
2014:
2009:
2008:
2004:
1983:
1979:
1970:
1968:
1963:Bruce McClure.
1962:
1961:
1957:
1948:
1946:
1940:
1939:
1935:
1925:
1923:
1915:
1914:
1910:
1901:
1900:
1896:
1879:
1867:
1852:
1851:
1847:
1837:
1835:
1829:
1828:
1824:
1814:
1812:
1803:
1802:
1798:
1789:
1788:
1784:
1775:
1774:
1770:
1762:
1760:
1746:Kaler, James B.
1744:
1743:
1736:
1728:
1726:
1712:Kaler, James B.
1710:
1709:
1702:
1693:
1691:
1676:
1675:
1666:
1655:
1654:
1639:
1631:
1629:
1615:Kaler, James B.
1613:
1612:
1608:
1598:
1597:
1590:
1581:
1577:
1572:
1548:
1547:
1538:
1533:
1524:
1514:
1486:
1485:
1476:
1465:
1461:
1441:
1437:
1420:Johannes Kepler
1417:
1413:
1407:Perseus Project
1383:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1327:
1284:Carolingian era
1183:
1162:midway between
1067:
1038:right-hand rule
978:
943:Upsilon Carinae
850:Coalsack Nebula
831:
829:
721:
696:
671:
471:
464:
453:
252:
140:
90:celestial poles
44:
37:
30:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3889:
3887:
3879:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3858:
3857:
3853:
3852:
3840:
3828:
3816:
3804:
3781:
3780:
3778:
3777:
3765:
3754:
3751:
3750:
3748:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3711:
3710:
3705:
3704:
3703:
3698:
3682:
3680:
3676:
3675:
3673:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3661:
3660:
3655:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3614:
3613:
3608:
3607:
3606:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3574:Largest volume
3571:
3566:
3561:
3551:
3550:
3549:
3544:
3533:
3531:
3525:
3524:
3522:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3500:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3458:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3431:
3429:
3423:
3422:
3420:
3419:
3414:
3413:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3392:
3387:
3386:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3359:
3357:
3351:
3350:
3348:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3285:Magnetic field
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3256:
3254:
3250:
3249:
3247:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3220:
3219:
3209:
3208:
3207:
3202:
3195:Accretion disk
3192:
3191:
3190:
3185:
3175:
3174:
3173:
3171:Alfvén surface
3168:
3166:Stellar corona
3163:
3158:
3153:
3143:
3141:Radiation zone
3138:
3137:
3136:
3131:
3121:
3115:
3113:
3107:
3106:
3104:
3103:
3098:
3097:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2990:
2988:
2982:
2981:
2978:
2977:
2975:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2948:
2947:
2942:
2939:
2931:
2930:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2879:
2874:
2868:
2866:
2860:
2859:
2857:
2856:
2851:
2850:
2849:
2839:
2834:
2833:
2832:
2827:
2826:
2825:
2820:
2810:
2800:
2799:
2798:
2788:
2783:
2777:
2775:
2769:
2768:
2766:
2765:
2763:Blue straggler
2760:
2759:
2758:
2748:
2743:
2742:
2741:
2731:
2730:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2679:
2674:
2673:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2652:
2651:
2650:
2640:
2639:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2618:
2613:
2612:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2575:
2574:
2569:
2559:
2558:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2521:Main sequence
2519:
2514:
2508:
2502:
2500:Classification
2496:
2495:
2493:
2492:
2491:
2490:
2485:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2439:
2438:
2436:Protoplanetary
2428:
2423:
2422:
2421:
2416:
2406:
2405:
2404:
2394:
2389:
2383:
2381:
2375:
2374:
2372:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2355:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2313:
2311:
2305:
2304:
2302:
2301:
2295:
2292:
2291:
2286:
2284:
2283:
2276:
2269:
2261:
2255:
2254:
2249:
2228:
2227:External links
2225:
2222:
2221:
2200:
2170:
2151:
2132:
2120:
2103:
2096:
2066:
2025:(2): 101–135.
2002:
1977:
1955:
1933:
1921:moonkmft.co.uk
1908:
1894:
1865:
1845:
1822:
1796:
1782:
1768:
1734:
1700:
1681:(2017-09-29).
1664:
1637:
1606:
1603:. p. 283.
1588:
1570:
1552:, ed. (2004).
1536:
1522:
1512:
1474:
1459:
1435:
1411:
1376:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1364:
1363:
1358:
1356:Lists of stars
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1326:
1323:
1307:World of Light
1182:
1179:
1176:
1175:
1170:
1160:
1156:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1141:
1140:
1138:Delta Octantis
1135:
1128:
1124:
1123:
1117:
1111:
1107:
1106:
1100:
1089:Northern Cross
1085:
1081:
1080:
1075:, p. 29,
1069:Moore, Patrick
1060:
1055:
1050:
1046:
1045:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1020:
1019:
1017:Alpha Pictoris
1014:
1009:
1005:
1004:
1001:
998:
995:
977:
974:
905:ancient Greeks
894:Southern Cross
866:Sigma Octantis
828:
825:
822:
821:
818:
815:
810:
807:
804:
798:
797:
791:
788:
783:
780:
778:
776:Kappa Draconis
772:
771:
768:
765:
760:
757:
754:
752:Alpha Draconis
748:
747:
744:
741:
736:
733:
730:
724:
723:
718:
715:
710:
707:
705:
699:
698:
693:
690:
685:
682:
680:
674:
673:
668:
665:
660:
657:
654:
648:
647:
644:
641:
636:
633:
630:
624:
623:
620:
617:
612:
609:
606:
600:
599:
596:
593:
588:
585:
582:
576:
575:
572:
569:
564:
561:
558:
552:
551:
545:
542:
537:
534:
532:
526:
525:
522:
519:
514:
511:
508:
502:
501:
498:
495:
490:
487:
484:
478:
477:
474:
467:
460:
455:
450:
430:celestial pole
295:light-polluted
251:
248:
228:stella polaris
139:
136:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3888:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3863:
3861:
3851:
3841:
3839:
3829:
3827:
3817:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3803:
3793:
3789:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3764:
3756:
3755:
3752:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3735:Intergalactic
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3715:Galactic year
3713:
3709:
3706:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3693:
3692:
3689:
3688:
3687:
3684:
3683:
3681:
3677:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3650:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3612:
3609:
3605:
3602:
3601:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3594:Most luminous
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3556:
3555:
3552:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3539:
3538:
3535:
3534:
3532:
3530:
3526:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3509:Proper motion
3507:
3505:
3502:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3484:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3472:Constellation
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3440:Solar eclipse
3438:
3437:
3436:
3433:
3432:
3430:
3426:Earth-centric
3424:
3418:
3415:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3397:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3365:
3364:
3361:
3360:
3358:
3356:
3352:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3257:
3255:
3251:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3218:
3215:
3214:
3213:
3210:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3197:
3196:
3193:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3180:
3179:
3176:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3148:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3126:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3112:
3108:
3102:
3099:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3071:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3024:Alpha process
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2991:
2989:
2987:
2983:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2946:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2934:
2932:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2884:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2869:
2867:
2865:
2861:
2855:
2852:
2848:
2845:
2844:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2831:
2828:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2815:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2805:
2804:
2801:
2797:
2796:Helium planet
2794:
2793:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2786:Parker's star
2784:
2782:
2779:
2778:
2776:
2774:
2770:
2764:
2761:
2757:
2754:
2753:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2740:
2737:
2736:
2735:
2732:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2717:Lambda Boötis
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2684:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2657:
2656:
2653:
2649:
2646:
2645:
2644:
2641:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2623:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2596:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2564:
2563:
2560:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2509:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2497:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2483:Superluminous
2481:
2480:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
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2411:
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2407:
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2393:
2390:
2388:
2387:Main sequence
2385:
2384:
2382:
2380:
2376:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2364:Hayashi track
2362:
2360:
2357:
2353:
2350:
2348:
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2259:
2253:
2250:
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2231:
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2211:
2207:
2203:
2201:9789004243361
2197:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2174:
2171:
2167:
2163:
2160:
2155:
2152:
2148:
2147:
2142:
2136:
2133:
2129:
2124:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2107:
2104:
2099:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2080:
2079:
2070:
2067:
2056:on 2016-03-04
2052:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2013:
2006:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1981:
1978:
1966:
1959:
1956:
1944:
1937:
1934:
1922:
1918:
1912:
1909:
1904:
1898:
1895:
1890:
1884:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1862:
1858:
1857:
1849:
1846:
1833:
1826:
1823:
1811:. May 7, 2012
1810:
1806:
1800:
1797:
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1783:
1778:
1772:
1769:
1759:
1755:
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1735:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1707:
1705:
1701:
1690:
1689:
1684:
1680:
1679:Deborah, Byrd
1673:
1671:
1669:
1665:
1660:
1659:
1652:
1650:
1648:
1646:
1644:
1642:
1638:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1610:
1607:
1602:
1595:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1573:
1571:0-13-145164-2
1567:
1563:
1558:
1557:
1551:
1545:
1543:
1541:
1537:
1531:
1529:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1483:
1481:
1479:
1475:
1472:
1468:
1463:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1439:
1436:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1415:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1403:
1398:
1397:Scott, Robert
1394:
1390:
1381:
1378:
1371:
1366:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
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1339:
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1332:
1329:
1328:
1324:
1322:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1299:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1280:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1262:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1247:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1224:
1222:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1204:
1196:
1192:
1187:
1180:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1158:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1143:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1122:
1121:Delta Doradus
1118:
1116:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1065:
1061:
1059:
1058:Delta Doradus
1056:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1047:
1043:
1042:positive pole
1039:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1006:
1002:
999:
996:
993:
992:
989:
987:
983:
976:Other planets
975:
973:
971:
966:
964:
960:
956:
952:
951:Delta Velorum
948:
944:
940:
939:Omega Carinae
936:
932:
923:
919:
917:
913:
908:
906:
902:
897:
895:
891:
887:
883:
879:
875:
871:
867:
863:
859:
851:
847:
826:
819:
816:
814:
811:
808:
805:
803:
800:
799:
796:
792:
789:
787:
784:
781:
779:
777:
774:
773:
769:
766:
764:
761:
758:
755:
753:
750:
749:
745:
742:
740:
737:
734:
731:
729:
728:Iota Draconis
726:
725:
719:
716:
714:
711:
708:
706:
704:
701:
700:
694:
691:
689:
686:
683:
681:
679:
678:Iota Herculis
676:
675:
669:
666:
664:
661:
658:
655:
653:
650:
649:
645:
642:
640:
637:
634:
631:
629:
626:
625:
621:
618:
616:
613:
610:
607:
605:
602:
601:
597:
594:
592:
589:
586:
583:
581:
578:
577:
573:
570:
568:
565:
562:
559:
557:
554:
553:
550:
546:
543:
541:
538:
535:
533:
531:
528:
527:
523:
520:
518:
515:
512:
509:
507:
504:
503:
499:
496:
494:
491:
488:
485:
483:
480:
479:
475:
473:
468:
466:
461:
459:
456:
451:
449:
446:
445:
442:
438:
436:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
406:
404:
403:proper motion
399:
395:
390:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
359:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
336:
334:
330:
326:
322:
321:proper motion
318:
313:
311:
307:
303:
298:
297:urban skies.
296:
292:
288:
285:
284:constellation
281:
277:
272:
269:
265:
256:
249:
247:
245:
241:
237:
233:
232:Gemma Frisius
229:
224:
222:
221:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
195:
193:
192:
187:
183:
182:
177:
173:
169:
160:
152:
144:
137:
135:
133:
129:
124:
122:
118:
114:
110:
105:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
76:is a visible
75:
67:
63:
62:long-exposure
59:
55:
52:
48:
41:
34:
19:
3850:Solar System
3638:White dwarfs
3628:Brown dwarfs
3611:Most distant
3559:Most massive
3537:Proper names
3497:Photographic
3461:
3450:Solar System
3428:observations
3355:Star systems
3178:Stellar wind
3161:Chromosphere
3134:Oscillations
3014:Helium flash
2864:Hypothetical
2842:X-ray binary
2781:Compact star
2616:Bright giant
2369:Henyey track
2347:Herbig Ae/Be
2242:. Retrieved
2238:
2213:. Retrieved
2183:
2173:
2158:
2154:
2144:
2135:
2127:
2123:
2111:
2106:
2077:
2069:
2058:. Retrieved
2051:the original
2022:
2018:
2005:
1980:
1969:. Retrieved
1958:
1947:. Retrieved
1943:"Precession"
1936:
1926:24 September
1924:. Retrieved
1920:
1917:"Precession"
1911:
1903:"Beta Hydri"
1897:
1855:
1848:
1836:. Retrieved
1825:
1813:. Retrieved
1799:
1785:
1771:
1761:, retrieved
1753:
1727:, retrieved
1719:
1692:. Retrieved
1686:
1657:
1630:, retrieved
1622:
1609:
1600:
1575:
1555:
1550:Ridpath, Ian
1517:
1495:
1488:Ridpath, Ian
1466:
1462:
1438:
1427:
1423:
1414:
1400:
1380:
1309:("heaven").
1300:
1291:
1287:
1277:
1270:stella maris
1269:
1266:stilla maris
1265:
1260:
1255:stilla maris
1254:
1250:
1244:
1237:Saint Jerome
1226:
1221:stella maris
1220:
1217:
1212:John Trevisa
1203:stella maris
1202:
1199:
1076:
1072:
1041:
1040:to define a
981:
979:
967:
947:Iota Carinae
928:
909:
898:
882:yellow giant
861:
855:
703:Tau Herculis
580:Alpha Cephei
506:Gamma Cephei
439:
420:up to +6; a
407:
398:Tau Herculis
391:
377:, where the
360:
356:Alpha Cephei
344:Gamma Cephei
337:
314:
299:
273:
261:
243:
239:
236:stella maris
235:
227:
225:
218:
207:scip-steorra
206:
198:
196:
189:
179:
165:
125:
106:
73:
71:
64:producing a
3838:Outer space
3826:Spaceflight
3691:Brown dwarf
3467:Circumpolar
3345:Kraft break
3325:Color index
3300:Metallicity
3260:Designation
3229:Cosmic dust
3151:Photosphere
2917:Dark-energy
2892:Electroweak
2877:Black dwarf
2808:Radio-quiet
2791:White dwarf
2677:White dwarf
2327:Bok globule
2235:"HIP 11767"
1834:. Wordpress
1658:Our Monthly
1418:implied by
1279:Etymologiae
1246:Onomasticon
1032:Eta Doradus
955:False Cross
941:(5800 AD),
933:(4200 AD),
886:light years
878:clear night
767:within 0.1°
652:Alpha Lyrae
628:Delta Cygni
604:Alpha Cygni
556:Beta Cephei
549:Beta Cephei
530:Iota Cephei
371:Delta Cygni
352:Beta Cephei
348:Iota Cephei
325:declination
274:Due to the
268:epoch J2000
264:declination
186:Phoenicians
3876:Star types
3871:Navigation
3866:Pole stars
3860:Categories
3653:Candidates
3648:Supernovae
3633:Red dwarfs
3492:Extinction
3280:Kinematics
3275:Luminosity
3253:Properties
3146:Atmosphere
3044:Si burning
3034:Ne burning
2972:White hole
2945:Quasi-star
2872:Blue dwarf
2727:Technetium
2643:Hypergiant
2621:Supergiant
2244:2011-03-01
2215:2021-09-03
2164:vol. 120,
2086:. p.
2060:2018-09-06
1971:2018-01-03
1967:. EarthSky
1949:2018-09-24
1875:1004676396
1763:2018-04-27
1729:2018-04-28
1694:2018-04-25
1632:2018-04-28
1496:Star Tales
1372:References
1351:Guide star
1191:North Star
1153:15 Orionis
1000:South star
997:North star
912:Beta Hydri
862:North Star
813:Ursa Minor
493:Ursa Minor
416:stars (an
333:aberration
317:precession
176:Ursa Minor
102:South Pole
66:star trail
3802:Astronomy
3584:Brightest
3482:Magnitude
3462:Pole star
3383:Symbiotic
3378:Eclipsing
3310:Starlight
3111:Structure
3101:Supernova
3094:Micronova
3089:Recurrent
3074:Symbiotic
3059:p-process
3054:r-process
3049:s-process
3039:O burning
3029:C burning
3009:CNO cycle
2952:Gravastar
2488:Hypernova
2478:Supernova
2453:Dredge-up
2426:Blue loop
2419:super-AGB
2402:Red clump
2379:Evolution
2337:Protostar
2317:Accretion
2309:Formation
2210:213438712
2047:189842666
1990:Imaginova
1883:cite book
1809:Space.com
1500:Cambridge
1449: in
1387:κυνόσουρα
1311:Mandaeans
935:I Carinae
870:naked-eye
817:within 7°
790:within 6°
743:within 5°
717:within 1°
692:within 4°
667:within 5°
643:within 3°
619:within 7°
595:within 3°
584:Alderamin
571:within 5°
544:within 5°
521:within 3°
422:full moon
414:naked eye
310:Roman era
226:The name
199:aeiphanes
113:magnitude
74:pole star
60:, with a
33:Southstar
18:Pole Star
3763:Category
3658:Remnants
3554:Extremes
3514:Parallax
3487:Apparent
3477:Asterism
3455:Sunlight
3405:Globular
3390:Multiple
3315:Variable
3305:Rotation
3265:Dynamics
3156:Starspot
2830:Magnetar
2773:Remnants
2589:Subgiant
2562:Subdwarf
2414:post-AGB
2139:A. Maas,
1838:6 August
1815:6 August
1688:EarthSky
1490:(1988).
1445:ἀειφανής
1325:See also
1241:Eusebius
1214:(1397):
1115:Aldhibah
1071:(1983),
916:Achernar
713:Hercules
688:Hercules
463:Constel-
394:Hercules
329:nutation
291:distance
203:Stobaeus
191:cynosure
181:Cynosura
3788:Portals
3730:Gravity
3679:Related
3599:Nearest
3547:Chinese
3395:Cluster
3368:Contact
3205:Proplyd
3079:Remnant
2967:Blitzar
2941:Hawking
2897:Strange
2847:Burster
2803:Neutron
2756:Extreme
2707:He-weak
2352:T Tauri
2027:Bibcode
1451:Liddell
1405:at the
1315:temples
1274:Isidore
1264:. This
1195:Utsjoki
1168:Fawaris
1159:Neptune
1132:Cepheus
1110:Jupiter
1062:Due to
1008:Mercury
959:Canopus
901:equator
899:At the
858:Polaris
732:Edasich
632:Fawaris
591:Cepheus
567:Cepheus
540:Cepheus
517:Cepheus
486:Polaris
454:tional
381:in the
340:Cepheus
306:Pytheas
282:in the
240:Polaris
138:History
132:Pherkad
109:Polaris
100:or the
58:Polaris
56:around
3720:Galaxy
3708:Planet
3696:Desert
3604:bright
3542:Arabic
3363:Binary
3183:Bubble
2907:Planck
2882:Exotic
2818:Binary
2813:Pulsar
2751:Helium
2712:Barium
2655:Carbon
2648:Yellow
2636:Yellow
2609:Yellow
2448:PG1159
2208:
2198:
2149:(1912)
2094:
2045:
1996:
1984:2004.
1873:
1863:
1568:
1510:
1432:p. 290
1294:, but
1292:stella
1290:, not
1288:stilla
1144:Uranus
1127:Saturn
1103:Markeb
1027:Fafnir
1003:notes
994:Planet
970:Sirius
806:Kochab
795:Kochab
756:Thuban
639:Cygnus
615:Cygnus
560:Alfirk
476:notes
470:Align-
465:lation
452:Tradi-
363:Cygnus
280:Thuban
220:Dhruva
215:Purana
128:Kochab
84:of an
3814:Stars
3725:Guest
3529:Lists
3410:Super
3064:Fusor
2937:Black
2922:Quark
2902:Preon
2887:Boson
2823:X-ray
2739:Shell
2692:Ap/Bp
2594:Giant
2512:Early
2458:OH/IR
2288:Stars
2206:S2CID
2166:p. 94
2116:p. 40
2054:(PDF)
2043:S2CID
2015:(PDF)
1754:Stars
1720:Stars
1623:Stars
1471:p. 20
1455:Scott
1367:Notes
1261:Maria
1259:name
1173:Regor
1148:Sabik
1097:Deneb
1023:Venus
786:Draco
763:Draco
739:Draco
659:0.026
608:Deneb
510:Errai
448:Bayer
367:Deneb
287:Draco
98:North
94:Earth
92:. On
68:photo
3400:Open
3295:Mass
3119:Core
3069:Nova
2962:Iron
2912:Dark
2722:Lead
2702:HgMn
2697:CEMP
2626:Blue
2599:Blue
2517:Late
2299:List
2196:ISBN
2092:ISBN
1994:ISBN
1928:2018
1889:link
1871:OCLC
1861:ISBN
1840:2013
1817:2013
1566:ISBN
1508:ISBN
1453:and
1189:The
1166:and
1164:Sadr
1095:and
1093:Sadr
1084:Mars
1049:Moon
982:i.e.
884:294
809:2.08
782:3.82
759:3.65
735:3.29
709:3.89
684:3.75
663:Lyra
656:Vega
635:2.87
611:1.25
587:2.51
563:3.51
536:3.51
513:3.21
489:1.98
472:ment
387:Vega
375:Lyra
350:and
331:and
319:and
78:star
3701:Sub
3435:Sun
2854:SGR
2631:Red
2604:Red
2188:doi
2035:doi
2023:109
1301:In
1276:'s
1249:,
988:.)
166:In
3862::
2734:Be
2687:Am
2670:CH
2665:CN
2584:OB
2579:WR
2237:.
2204:.
2194:.
2182:.
2162:PL
2143:,
2118:.]
2090:.
2088:21
2082:.
2041:.
2033:.
2021:.
2017:.
1992:.
1919:.
1885:}}
1881:{{
1869:.
1807:.
1756:,
1752:,
1748:,
1737:^
1722:,
1718:,
1714:,
1703:^
1685:.
1667:^
1640:^
1625:,
1621:,
1617:,
1591:^
1574:.
1564:.
1539:^
1525:^
1516:.
1506:.
1502::
1498:.
1494:.
1477:^
1399:;
1395:;
1391:.
1321:.
1243:'
1091:,
965:.
945:,
937:,
907:.
864:.
848:,
385:,
170:,
104:.
72:A
3790::
2927:Q
2746:B
2660:S
2572:B
2567:O
2555:M
2550:K
2545:G
2540:F
2535:A
2530:B
2525:O
2280:e
2273:t
2266:v
2247:.
2218:.
2190::
2168:.
2100:.
2063:.
2037::
2029::
1974:.
1952:.
1930:.
1905:.
1891:)
1877:.
1842:.
1819:.
1697:.
1582:α
1578:α
1562:5
1457:.
1422:(
1409:.
458:V
42:.
35:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
