70:
and other forms of protest against government policy. The government may use prosecution to frighten potential supporters and sympathizers of a movement, and to discredit a movement and compel its members to spend time, money and energy avoiding conviction and imprisonment. A defendant in a political
62:
T. Becker writes that "in a sense, all trials are political. Since courts are government agencies and judges are part of the 'system' all judicial decisions can be considered political." A political trial is characterized by the fact that public opinion and public attitudes on one or more social
82:
A technical defense would argue that the alleged crime did not occur as a matter of fact or law. In a political defense, a defendant may assert the political motivations behind the conduct in an attempt to convince the jury or the public of the justness of the political motivations and of the
162:, it was on condition that if they chose to rely upon it, a trial judge could later draw an adverse inference from their silence. One notable case, of many, arising from the British political courts in Northern Ireland is that of Belfast man
130:
Defendants in political trials tend to participate in the proceedings more than defendants in non-political cases, as they may have greater ability to depart from courtroom norms to speak to political and moral issues.
43:, the political trial is the expression of a totalitarian or authoritarian system, where the administration of justice as a whole is political (and not just the conduct of that single process, due to a biased Court).
157:
tried anyone charged with a politically related offence and provided for delays in permitting legal access to suspects where the suspect could be interrogated for up to seven days. While suspects retained the
250:
189:
104:
When a political trial is "an examination before a court concerning the conduct of governmental affairs or somehow relating to government", you could have
90:
are more complete and if challenges and excuses are minimized, in order to ensure that the jury more accurately reflects the diversity of the community.
108:: if bias is not only cultural but systemic, politics has an impact on criminal procedure chosen for the trial and on the impartiality of the Court.
265:
399:
450:
379:
606:
220:
622:
A Lindenmeyr (2001), "The First Soviet
Political Trial: Countess Sofia Panina before the Petrograd Revolutionary Tribunal",
662:
115:
of politics and law. Political justice is defined in terms of the state's reaction to perceived threat; and
324:
503:, Princeton University Press, 1961 (Series: Princeton Legacy Library, 2303), DOI: 10.1515/9781400878529.
215:
200:
309:
190:
The trial of eleven
Communist leaders for teaching and advocating overthrow of the U.S. Government
86:
It has been suggested that in political cases, justice will be better served if the lists used to
639:
588:
538:
483:
432:
361:
260:
240:
163:
116:
67:
555:
530:
299:
255:
124:
76:
631:
580:
522:
475:
424:
353:
205:
195:
159:
150:
17:
176:
120:
154:
87:
32:
656:
542:
288:
210:
111:
There is some question as to whether political trials are necessary or if they are a
72:
57:
319:
281:
277:
39:
implications. When the trial is carried out without the minimum guarantees of the
245:
225:
192:
was described as something close to "a political trial with criminal overtones."
40:
466:
RP Sokol (1971), "The
Political Trial: Courtroom as Stage, History as Critic",
304:
230:
99:
534:
635:
571:
AF Withington, J Schwartz (1978), "The
Political Trial of Anne Hutchinson",
344:
K McNaught (1974), "Political trials and the
Canadian political tradition",
235:
36:
314:
643:
526:
112:
592:
487:
436:
365:
584:
479:
428:
357:
401:
Political Trials and the Pro Se
Defendant in the Adversary System
501:
Political
Justice. The Use of Legal Procedure for Political Ends
513:
Christenson, Ron (July 1986), "What is a
Political Trial?",
415:
557:
Political Crime, Political
Justice, and Political Prisoners
63:
questions will inevitably have an effect on the decision.
560:, vol. 12, Criminology, 7 Mar 2006, pp. 385–398
94:
Trial in order to curb opponents against the government
119:
are defined as those incarcerated because of either
52:
Trial against behaviours claiming cultural pluralism
608:
Lawyer Troubles in Political Trials; Harper, Fowler
8:
251:Seabrook Power Plant protest prosecutions
404:, vol. 24, Soc. Probs., p. 324
393:
391:
179:has been described as a political trial.
66:Political trials can include trials for
384:, vol. 28, Guild Prac., p. 33
336:
284:was one of the first political trials.
266:Prosecution of Donald Trump in New York
145:Political trials in the United Kingdom
611:, vol. 60, Yale L. J., p. 1
184:Political trials in the United States
7:
452:Selecting a jury in political trials
272:Biased trials in totalitarian states
170:Political trials in Colonial America
221:New Haven Black Panther Party trial
25:
346:University of Toronto Law Journal
398:Barkan, Steven E. (1976–1977),
241:Attica prison riot prosecution
83:injustice of the prosecution.
1:
256:Tim DeChristopher prosecution
211:The Chicago Conspiracy trial
140:Biased trials in democracies
18:Politically motivated trials
378:Burnstein, Malcolm (1969),
679:
286:
280:was created, the trial of
201:Dr. Spock conspiracy trial
97:
55:
127:(victims of repression).
123:(political criminals) or
636:10.1111/0036-0341.00188
381:Trying a Political Case
261:Sacco and Vanzetti Case
226:Bobby Seale Prosecution
455:, Case W. Res. L. Rev.
325:Revolutionary Tribunal
605:Haber, David (1951),
573:New England Quarterly
468:New Literary History
206:The Catonsville Nine
449:J Van Dyke (1976),
310:In-group favoritism
117:political prisoners
71:trial may offer a "
527:10.1007/BF02695554
499:Otto Kirchheimer,
164:Christy Walsh case
68:civil disobedience
300:Political defense
125:political justice
106:political justice
77:political defense
16:(Redirected from
670:
647:
646:
619:
613:
612:
602:
596:
595:
568:
562:
561:
552:
546:
545:
510:
504:
497:
491:
490:
463:
457:
456:
446:
440:
439:
412:
406:
405:
395:
386:
385:
375:
369:
368:
341:
196:Haymarket trials
160:right to silence
151:Northern Ireland
21:
678:
677:
673:
672:
671:
669:
668:
667:
663:Types of trials
653:
652:
651:
650:
621:
620:
616:
604:
603:
599:
570:
569:
565:
554:
553:
549:
512:
511:
507:
498:
494:
465:
464:
460:
448:
447:
443:
417:Social Problems
414:
413:
409:
397:
396:
389:
377:
376:
372:
343:
342:
338:
333:
296:
291:
274:
186:
177:Anne Hutchinson
172:
147:
142:
137:
121:political crime
102:
96:
60:
54:
49:
29:political trial
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
676:
674:
666:
665:
655:
654:
649:
648:
630:(4): 505–525,
624:Russian Review
614:
597:
585:10.2307/364308
579:(2): 226–240,
563:
547:
505:
492:
480:10.2307/468335
474:(3): 495–516,
458:
441:
429:10.2307/800407
407:
387:
370:
358:10.2307/825069
352:(2): 149–169,
335:
334:
332:
329:
328:
327:
322:
317:
312:
307:
302:
295:
292:
273:
270:
269:
268:
263:
258:
253:
248:
243:
238:
233:
228:
223:
218:
213:
208:
203:
198:
193:
185:
182:
181:
180:
171:
168:
155:Diplock Courts
146:
143:
141:
138:
136:
133:
95:
92:
88:impanel jurors
53:
50:
48:
45:
33:criminal trial
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
675:
664:
661:
660:
658:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
618:
615:
610:
609:
601:
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
567:
564:
559:
558:
551:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
509:
506:
502:
496:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
462:
459:
454:
453:
445:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
411:
408:
403:
402:
394:
392:
388:
383:
382:
374:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
340:
337:
330:
326:
323:
321:
318:
316:
313:
311:
308:
306:
303:
301:
298:
297:
293:
290:
289:Moscow Trials
285:
283:
279:
271:
267:
264:
262:
259:
257:
254:
252:
249:
247:
244:
242:
239:
237:
234:
232:
229:
227:
224:
222:
219:
217:
214:
212:
209:
207:
204:
202:
199:
197:
194:
191:
188:
187:
183:
178:
175:The trial of
174:
173:
169:
167:
165:
161:
156:
152:
144:
139:
134:
132:
128:
126:
122:
118:
114:
109:
107:
101:
93:
91:
89:
84:
80:
78:
74:
73:legal defense
69:
64:
59:
58:Cultural bias
51:
46:
44:
42:
38:
34:
30:
19:
627:
623:
617:
607:
600:
576:
572:
566:
556:
550:
521:(5): 25–31,
518:
514:
508:
500:
495:
471:
467:
461:
451:
444:
423:(1): 28–44,
420:
416:
410:
400:
380:
373:
349:
345:
339:
320:Scapegoating
282:Sofia Panina
278:Soviet Union
275:
216:Wounded Knee
148:
129:
110:
105:
103:
85:
81:
65:
61:
28:
26:
246:Winooski 44
47:Definitions
41:rule of law
331:References
305:Show trial
287:See also:
231:Panther 21
100:Show trial
98:See also:
56:See also:
543:144583067
535:0147-2011
276:When the
236:Camden 28
37:political
657:Category
315:Cronyism
135:Examples
75:" or a "
644:2679365
515:Society
294:Related
113:disease
642:
593:364308
591:
541:
533:
488:468335
486:
437:800407
435:
366:825069
364:
640:JSTOR
589:JSTOR
539:S2CID
484:JSTOR
433:JSTOR
362:JSTOR
79:".
35:with
31:is a
531:ISSN
632:doi
581:doi
523:doi
476:doi
425:doi
354:doi
149:In
659::
638:,
628:60
626:,
587:,
577:51
575:,
537:,
529:,
519:23
517:,
482:,
470:,
431:,
421:31
419:,
390:^
360:,
350:24
348:,
166:.
153:,
27:A
634::
583::
525::
478::
472:2
427::
356::
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.