938:
Kerala. Both CPO and SCPO belongs to the Kerala Civil Police
Subordinate Service (KCP) and typically work in local police. A civil police officer may serve in any of these branches, including the Local Police (District Police), State Special Branch, Crime Branch, Coastal Police, Headquarters, State Crime Records Bureau, Training Division and others; they serve in other departments on deputation basis, including Vigilance and Anti-Corruption Bureau (VACB) and others. After joining as a CPO, personnel may be promoted to Senior Civil Police Officer (SCPO), Assistant Sub-Inspector of Police (ASI), Sub-Inspector of Police (SI), and beyond, based on their seniority, performance, and educational qualifications. When grade designations are conferred to officials, they would be entitled to receive the salaries of the concerned ranks, but they would serve in those designations only when the vacancies become available.
252:
constable. Promotion to senior constable can occur after a minimum of five years' service (one year as a probationary constable in addition to four years as constable) and then upon passing probity checks and an exam. Incremental senior constable is attained after ten years of service automatically. One is appointed to the rank of leading senior constable on a qualification basis, but must have a minimum of seven years' service amongst other criteria in order to be eligible. Leading senior constable is a specialist position of which there are limited allocated numbers within any section/unit or local area command. If an officer is transferred to another duty type or station, the officer is then relieved of the position of leading senior constable: it is primarily a position for field training officers who oversee the training and development of inexperienced probationary constables or constables.
259:, senior constable is the rank above constable, while above senior constable is leading senior constable. When first introduced into the Victoria Police, leading senior constable was a classification not a rank, somewhat like "detective"; leading senior constables were appointed specifically to assist in the training and mentoring of more junior members. The last round of wage negotiations, however, saw leading senior constable become a rank in its own right, one that a lot of members pass through on their way from constable to sergeant, though this is not strictly necessary and it is permissible to be promoted to sergeant direct from senior constable. The general form of address for both senior constable and leading senior constable is "senior", and this is acceptable even in courts.
972:, traffic police constables control road traffic, telecommunication constables manage communications, whereas armed police constables are attached to armed police units. The types of constables are based on nature of their duties. The Indian police constables do a wide range of duties like patrol, beat system, crime detection, escorting of prisoners and VIPs, guarding vital offices and installations, vehicle traffic control on roads, riot control, assisting civil administration during disasters, epidemics and elections. Generally a police constable does his duty in his jurisdiction area, but can be assigned anywhere by his superiors depending on the situation or need. The duty hours of Indian police constables are erratic, many times without weekly time off or leave.
587:
594:
1006:), awarded after five or six years of law studies. Following reforms of the police, a law degree is no longer required by law for all higher ranks, although only lawyers can act as prosecutors and supervise criminal investigations, for which reason it is still common for those holding higher ranks to be lawyers. The entry-level rank for a lawyer, junior police prosecutor, outranks the most senior rank for a policeman, chief superintendent, as the former is the most junior of the "higher ranks" whereas the latter is the most senior of the "lower ranks".
874:
1121:
886:
1179:
650:
452:
486:
679:
268:
572:
479:
472:
465:
672:
665:
1167:
73:
995:"politikonstabel", "politioverkonstabel" and "politibetjent" were renamed "politibetjent 1", "politibetjent 2" and "politibetjent 3", where "politibetjent 1" is the entry-level rank for a policeman and most junior rank of the police service. All ranks higher than chief superintendent are commissioned ranks, known simply as "higher ranks", and traditionally required a law degree.
1939:
2628:"Rozporządzenie Rady Ministrów z dnia 5 lutego 2010 r. w sprawie stopni policyjnych, Agencji Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego, Agencji Wywiadu, Biura Ochrony Rządu, Państwowej Straży Pożarnej, Służby Kontrwywiadu Wojskowego, Służby Wywiadu Wojskowego, Służby Więziennej lub Straży Granicznej odpowiadających poszczególnym stopniom wojskowym"
1936:
1561:
In
Bracton's time, anyone seeing a "misdeed" was empowered to make an arrest. The role of the constable in Bracton's description was as the "eyes and ears" of the court, finding evidence and recording facts on which judges could make a ruling. By extension, the constable was also the "strong arm" of
1243:
officers. Constables may also have additional specialized duties unique to the office. In some states, a constable may be appointed by the governor or a judge or magistrate of the court which he or she serves; in others the constable is an elected or appointed position at the state or local level of
937:
as the Home
Minister of Kerala, the government began adopting the designations Civil Police Officer and Senior Civil Police Officer for personnel holding the ranks of constable and head constable, respectively. It was part of a broader initiative to modernize and professionalize the police force in
975:
Police recruitment is based on a written test, plus physical and medical tests. After appointment all police constables have to undergo compulsory training; the duration of training may vary from nine months to one year depending on state. The training and duty of police is physically and mentally
1505:
and was responsible for the keeping and maintenance of the king's armaments and those of the villages as a measure of protecting individual settlements throughout the country. Some authorities place the origins of constables in
England earlier, attributing the creation of the office to during the
1268:
established in 1829, the states gradually enacted laws to permit municipalities to establish police departments. This differed from the UK in that the old system was not uniformly abolished in every state. Often the enacting legislation of the state conferred a police officer with the powers of a
237:
In
Australia, as in the United Kingdom, constable is the lowest rank in most police services. It is often categorised into the following (from lowest to highest): probationary constable; constable; constable first class; senior constable; leading senior constable. These variations depend on the
251:
has three grades of senior constable, namely senior constable (two chevrons), incremental senior constable (two chevrons and a horizontal bar), and leading senior constable (two chevrons and two horizontal bars). A senior constable is senior to a constable but junior to an incremental senior
994:
was until 2003 the lowest rank in the police, the next ranks being "politioverkonstabel", "politibetjent", "politiførstebetjent", "politioverbetjent" and "politistasjonssjef", "lensmann" or "sysselmannsoverbetjent" (all officially translated as chief superintendent). In 2003, the ranks
920:
recruits police constables. A police constable has no shoulder insignia, while a head constable has one or more stripes or chevrons, depending on the state. Since each state has its own police force, the uniforms and insignia of the police vary, though the
1479:. His symbol of office was a longsword held by a hand issuing out of a cloud, a reference to the constable's duty of carrying the king's sword during a coronation ceremony. Some constables were prominent military commanders in the medieval period, such as
1273:
power of arrest. Police and constables exist concurrently in many jurisdictions. Perhaps because of this, the title "constable" is not used for police of any rank. The lowest rank in a police organization would be officer, deputy, patrolman,
953:, also maintain the same ranks as state police even though their jurisdiction varies considerably, with the constables recruited to the CAPF having to do duty all over India. They perform duties such as maintaining internal security,
1651:
are sworn in under the same legislation and remain as the holders of the office of Parks
Constable. Whilst some local authorities have parks constabularies, their officers are attested as constables, not parks constables.
1628:, finally ended parish constables. After 1856, all areas of England and Wales were covered by a police force. The lowest rank of the police forces and constabularies is "constable", and most outside London are headed by a
1247:
The office developed from its
British counterpart during the colonial period. Prior to the modernization of law enforcement which took place in the mid-19th century, local law enforcement was performed by constables and
1042:
do a wide range of duties like patrol, crime detection, escort of prisoners and VIPs, vehicle traffic control on roads, riot control, assisting civil administration during disasters, epidemic, elections and other tasks.
1381:, spread throughout the emerging states of Western Europe during this period. In most medieval nations, the constable was the highest-ranking officer of the army, and was responsible for the overseeing of
1288:
A constable may be assisted by deputy constables as sworn officers or constable's officers as civil staff, usually as process servers. In some states, villages or towns, an office with similar duties is
3087:
2456:
2392:
2198:
1643:. c. lxxiv) allowed for their appointment; prior to that a body of constables, whom were attested as special constables, had policed the parks. Specific legislation for the
1557:, since there the third element of a judicial proceeding is lacking, namely a judge and jurisdiction. He has record as to matters of fact, not matters of judgment and law.
1445: – are sometimes translated constable for their functions of reporting crimes and administering local justice, although they also served as tax agents and
968:
Generally there are three types of constables in India, depending upon the unit, wing, branch or section they are attached to. Civil police constables are attached to a
2488:
355:
2538:
2424:
2234:
2879:
Guth, DeLloyd J. (1994). "The
Traditional Common Law Constable, 1235–1829: From Bracton to the Fieldings to Canada". In Macleod, R.C.; Schneiderman, David (eds.).
221:
1012:
In 2016 the Royal
Norwegian Navy started using "konstabel" to describe the enlisted ranks in the navy. Other ranks (OR) 2 to 4+ all use the term "konstabel":
2849:
2162:
391:
3107:
3063:
2289:
2272:
366:, or reserve constables, are volunteers with a policing agency. They generally have peace officer status only when engaged in specific authorized tasks.
1205:. By this definition all police officers are constables, even those that do not hold the actual rank of constable. The head of most police forces is a
1285:
In many states, constables do not conduct patrols or preventive policing activities. In such states the office is relatively obscure to its citizens.
1227:
In the United States, use of the term constable is inconsistent, and use may even vary within a state. A constable may be an official responsible for
1194:
1537:, describing an officer appointed to keep order. One of the first descriptions of one of the legal duties of a constable, that of the collation of
998:
The
Norwegian Police Service has an integrated prosecution service in which the police lawyers, who all hold higher ranks, require the law degree "
2610:"Rozporządzenie Ministra Spraw Wewnętrznych i Administracji z dnia 18 maja 2022 r. zmieniające rozporządzenie w sprawie umundurowania policjantów"
387:
383:
2728:
2678:
1472:
1202:
917:
2989:
2102:
1510:
1492:
802:
Senior constable—lead officer in a beat patrol; SPCs wear a single chevron on their shoulder above their unique identification (UI) number.
586:
38:
2005:
354:
Outside of the RCMP, special constables are not police officers but are appointed to serve certain law enforcement functions, for example
1533:(1124–1154) respectively, and was responsible for the command of the army. However, the term was also used at the local level within the
1244:
local government. Their jurisdiction can vary from statewide to county/parish and local township boundaries based on the state's laws.
3102:
1621:
1153:
899:
593:
3038:
Franco-Gallia: Or, An Account of the Ancient Free State of France, and Most Other Parts of Europe, Before the Loss of Their Liberties
2936:
2915:
2888:
2859:
2815:
2757:
2700:
2070:
1980:
1920:
1895:
1859:
1728:
162:, used to describe any police officer with arrest and other powers), while in the United States a constable is generally an elected
1038:, constable and head constable are, respectively, the lowest and second-lowest ranks in the police force. The police constables in
2209:
1324:, were used to designate the supreme commander of the armed forces in the medieval kingdoms of Armenia and Georgia, respectively.
946:
186:
158:
and some Continental European countries, a constable is the lowest rank of police officer (it is also, when preceded by the term
2647:
2131:
1665:
1222:
292:
2952:
2669:
1713:
1636:
1099:
76:
2972:
2029:
1718:
1553:
everything in order, for he has record as to the things he sees; but he cannot judge, because there is no judgment at the
922:
288:
272:
3024:
2245:
1079:. To be promoted, the police officer has to serve as a constable for a year, and again for a year as a senior constable.
2865:
1617:
1613:
1578:
1125:
1115:
248:
225:
2595:
942:
307:
1959:
2691:
244:
generally refers to a police officer of the rank above constable, and is denoted by way of two chevrons or stripes.
3092:
1683:
Historically, many other hereditary constables existed as officers of state in former monarchies. Examples are the
1647:
continued the unique office of 'Parks Constable'. However, the Royal Parks Constabulary was disbanded in 2001. The
1502:
753:
31:
2173:
1408:
1252:. Constables were appointed or elected at the local level for specific terms and, like their UK counterparts the
220:
2297:
2269:
1249:
1239:
for people to appear in court in criminal and/or civil matters; on the other hand, they can be fully empowered
985:
909:
2570:
343:
RCMP special constables are appointed for specific skills, for example aboriginal language skills. They are
232:
155:
3052:
1768:
1625:
1514:
1178:
1092:
805:
Constable—officer in a beat patrol; PCs wear no insignia other than the unique identification (UI) number.
795:
655:
84:
3097:
1775:
1692:
1644:
1598:
1586:
1574:
1275:
1161:
934:
1604:
The system of policing by unpaid parish constables continued in England until the 19th century; in the
1256:, were not paid and did not wear a uniform. However, they were often paid a fee by the courts for each
885:
809:
Senior constable is not a rank: it is merely a designation for officers who have served for 18 years.
2627:
2609:
2013:
1748:
1684:
1480:
1210:
1157:
143:, who was the commander-in-chief of all royal armed forces (second to the king) until Prime Minister
873:
3117:
2791:
A Practical Treatise on the Powers and Duties of Justices of the Peace and in the State of Illinois
1609:
1570:
1530:
1522:
1458:
1337:
1265:
950:
551:
363:
136:
2364:
2312:
2997:
1526:
1518:
1367:
1228:
1009:
The fire brigades (all municipal) still use "konstabel" as in "brannkonstabel" (fire-constable).
636:
276:
144:
3033:
2514:
1120:
3112:
3041:
3020:
2932:
2911:
2884:
2855:
2811:
2753:
2724:
2716:
2696:
2674:
2664:
2546:
2464:
2432:
2400:
2341:
1916:
1891:
1855:
1640:
729:
577:
457:
425:
338:
1648:
1496:
1363:
1253:
1141:
1064:
739:
561:
267:
678:
2976:
2651:
2276:
2033:
1943:
1873:
1738:
1629:
1590:
1554:
1468:
1393:
1206:
1068:
1056:
933:(CPO) and Senior Civil Police Officer (SCPO), respectively. In 2011, during the tenure of
318:
311:
299:
256:
197:
171:
49:
3057:
1984:
485:
64:
service. Other people may be granted powers of a constable without holding this title.
2515:"1380 vacancies in police, but CPO rank list still not published, candidates concerned"
1743:
1669:
1341:
1279:
969:
905:
556:
546:
397:
57:
1377:
in developing his empire; the position of Constable, along with the similar office of
1352:
at the imperial court. The West European term "constable" itself was adopted, via the
478:
471:
464:
3081:
2644:
2371:
2319:
1534:
1261:
926:
344:
163:
132:
96:
80:
1935:
Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm, Deutsches Wörterbuch, Leipzig 1854–1960, Vol. 12 Col. 1673
671:
664:
112:; originally, the constable was the officer responsible for keeping the horses of a
2139:
2046:
1677:
1442:
1428:
1420:
1333:
1111:
958:
954:
303:
175:
109:
2956:
2489:"Row over illegal promotion of 15 cops; govt, police association on the defensive"
1549:
In whatever way they come and on whatever day, it is the duty of the constable to
929:, the designations for personnel in the ranks of constable and head constable are
207:('servant'), and originally meant "stable keeper", which has a similar etymology.
2969:
1635:
The unique office of 'Parks Constable' was first created when section 221 of the
1201:
The latter usage is mainly in formal contexts, including legislation such as the
2686:
1818:
1798:
1778:
1771:
1566:), marking the basic role of the constable that continues into the present day.
1416:
1405:
1401:
1382:
1374:
1358:
734:
370:
327:
128:
72:
17:
2026:
1166:
1563:
1270:
913:
2770:
2550:
2468:
2436:
2404:
1182:
Police officers in the United Kingdom are holders of the office of constable.
52:. The office of constable can vary significantly in different jurisdictions.
1620:. Outside London, the mandatory introduction of county police forces by the
1171:
1137:
1088:
999:
904:
Police constable (abbreviated PC) is the lowest police rank in India, below
182:
185:, the officer charged with the defence of a castle. Even today, there is a
1955:
1582:
418:
are used for professional enlisted soldiers, sailors and airmen. However,
283:
In Canada, as in the United Kingdom, constable is the lowest rank in most
3045:
1661:
1538:
1308:
1236:
1076:
1039:
1035:
775:
124:
1660:
The position of hereditary constable persists in some current or former
1550:
325:, except in the Royal Canadian Mounted Police where it is translated as
1723:
1708:
1673:
1542:
1378:
1353:
1320:
1314:
1290:
1232:
279:. Constables are typically the lowest rank in Canadian police services.
193:
167:
117:
1822:
1802:
1782:
1733:
1605:
1594:
1446:
1240:
1213:, and some police forces have the word "Constabulary" in their name.
1186:
There are two main definitions of a constable in the United Kingdom:
1114:, this rank is the first rank that you come across when you join the
1052:
757:
284:
151:
105:
61:
1585:
in towns and highways". Records of their narrower area successors,
1501:
The office of the constable was introduced in England following the
2457:"Police promotion tests in Kerala go online to ensure transparency"
2393:"Police promotion tests in Kerala go online to ensure transparency"
1098:
The rank of special constable exists, but is centralised under the
1091:, a police constable (abbreviated to PC) is the lowest rank in the
965:-coloured uniforms, which indicate that they are police personnel.
424:
is only used within the army, as both the navy and air force use a
2827:
1608:
metropolitan area it started to be ended with the creation of the
1433:
1349:
1177:
1165:
962:
266:
219:
101:
92:
71:
3056:
2881:
Police Powers in Canada: The Evolution and Practice of Authority
2854:. Translated by Samuel E. Thorne. Cambridge, MS: Belknap Press.
2047:"Special Constable and Provincial Civil Constable: Appointments"
1476:
1257:
1174:
showing an officer's divisional code (DF) and individual number.
113:
1589:
constables, appear in the early 17th century in the records of
295:, whereby all officers are addressed by the term "constable".
3040:., 2nd ed. 1721 English translation from the original Latin.
2793:(4th Ed., 1868) at p.688. See, also, Sir William Blackstone,
2771:"A Brief History of Constables in the English Speaking World"
1577:, with provisions which "constituted two constables in every
87:, speaking at the Ceremony of the Constable's Dues, June 2010
2539:"Kerala: Government relaxes grade norms for police officers"
2425:"Kerala: Government relaxes grade norms for police officers"
2953:"Wiltshire Constabulary History - "The First and the Best""
1370:
periods, when it became a high military office of dignity.
108:, literally 'count of the stable') and originated from the
2235:"Badges and Insignia of the Royal Danish Air Force (RDAF)"
48:
is a person holding a particular office, most commonly in
37:"High Constable" redirects here. Not to be confused with
3072:
1269:
constable, the most important of these powers being the
1144:
have the rank of "police constable", with four classes.
238:
individual state or territory police force in question.
1067:. The next rank in hierarchy is the senior constable (
3026:
A Treatise on the Functions and Duties of a Constable
400:, constables are the lowest rank group. The ranks of
1597:, but from 1617 onwards were typically appointed by
224:
Rank epaulette of a leading senior constable of the
131:
Europe, and in many countries developed into a high
2883:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. p. 6.
2097:
2095:
1396:-level Chinese officials – known as
858:
850:
842:
834:
826:
819:
2596:"Pakistan Police Officer Ranks, Badges and Grades"
2571:"Functions, Roles and Duties of Police in General"
1915:. Edinburgh: W & R Chambers Ltd. p. 772.
1475:and was originally responsible for commanding the
3088:Law enforcement occupations in the United Kingdom
2795:Commentaries on the Laws of England in Four Books
1676:in Spain; this position is currently held by the
764:, translated into English as (junior) constable.
3067:. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). pp. 983–984.
291:. In Newfoundland the provincial police are the
181:Historically, a constable could also refer to a
2065:
2063:
1264:executed. Following the example of the British
989:
174:a constable is an elected office-holder at the
2363:Director General of Police (21 January 2011).
2311:Director General of Police (21 January 2011).
2199:"Badges and Insignia of the Royal Danish Navy"
2163:"Badges and Insignia of the Royal Danish Army"
1373:Late Roman administrative titles were used by
1332:The position of constable originated from the
1209:, volunteer officers of any rank are known as
774:The next highest rank (equivalent to a police
891:A civil police officer while on traffic duty.
8:
1983:. Rcmp-grc.gc.ca. 2009-05-19. Archived from
1282:, depending on the particular organization.
703:
696:
689:
613:
606:
517:
510:
503:
496:
419:
413:
407:
401:
392:Ranks and insignia of Royal Danish Air Force
334:Appointments can further be separated into:
150:Most constables in modern jurisdictions are
2990:"Liverpool Parks Police History 'Timeline'"
3036:, "Of the Constable and Peers of France",
2851:Bracton On the Laws and Customs of England
1672:. There is also a hereditary constable of
1624:, after nearly 20 years of the permissive
1545:, a jurist writing between 1220 and 1250:
2723:. Oxford University Press. p. 1147.
2673:. Oxford University Press. p. 1140.
1593:; traditionally they were elected by the
1119:
961:. Nearly all the police constables wear
957:, and counter-insurgency operations and
786:"leading"), literally "over-constable".
3071:Provincial civil constables in Canada,
1840:
1760:
388:Ranks and insignia of Royal Danish Navy
384:Ranks and insignia of Royal Danish Army
91:Historically, the title comes from the
1846:
1844:
879:A Senior Civil Police Officer on duty.
816:
373:) deal with matters of a civil nature.
2908:History of Milton Keynes and District
2902:
2900:
2290:"Rank insignia of a senior constable"
2279:, Finnish Police website (in English)
1517:, was established in the kingdoms of
1348:) was responsible for the keeping of
1203:Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984
154:officers. In the United Kingdom, the
135:and great officer of state (e.g. the
7:
2744:
2742:
2740:
1869:
1867:
1493:Lord High Constable (disambiguation)
1473:First Officer of the Crown of France
1668:is hereditary in the family of the
1318:, derived from the ancient Iranian
306:police services in Canada, notably
3108:Police ranks in the United Kingdom
1622:County and Borough Police Act 1856
1616:, and was completely ended by the
1190:The lowest rank of a police force.
1154:Police ranks of the United Kingdom
900:Police ranks and insignia of India
778:in the English-speaking world) is
192:An equivalent position is that of
27:Person holding a particular office
25:
2654:, North Carolina Wesleyan College
2143:(in Danish). Danish Defence. 2018
2112:(in Danish). Danish Defence. 2021
2080:(in Danish). Danish Defence. 2018
1729:Individuals with powers of arrest
1506:reign of King Alfred (871 A.D.).
1193:A legal term for an officer with
349:Royal Canadian Mounted Police Act
3030:London: W. Bulmer and Co., 1803.
1913:Chambers 20th Century Dictionary
1888:The Principles of Policing, p. 7
1876:, Encyclopædia Britannica online
884:
872:
677:
670:
663:
648:
592:
585:
570:
484:
477:
470:
463:
450:
369:Provincial civil constables (in
187:Constable of the Tower of London
166:with lesser jurisdiction than a
2970:The Making of a Chief Constable
2645:A Brief Guide to Police History
1981:"RCMP Organisational Structure"
1962:from the original on 2018-08-03
1958:. Online Etymology Dictionary.
1911:E. M. Kirkpatrick, ed. (1983).
1666:Lord High Constable of Scotland
1223:Constables in the United States
798:have two ranks for constables:
293:Royal Newfoundland Constabulary
147:abolished the charge in 1627).
2994:www.liverpoolparkspolice.co.uk
2721:Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium
2692:The Later Roman Empire 284-602
2670:Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium
1714:Policing in the United Kingdom
1637:Liverpool Corporation Act 1921
1601:(magistrates) in each county.
1483:who served from 1370 to 1380.
1195:the powers of a police officer
1100:Volunteer Special Constabulary
123:The title was imported to the
1:
2750:The Complete Book of Heraldry
2027:RCMP Organisational Structure
1719:Policing in the United States
529:Senior constable first class
321:, constable is translated to
289:Royal Canadian Mounted Police
273:Royal Canadian Mounted Police
2906:p276-7, Markham, Sir Frank,
2830:. Harvard Law School Library
2340:Director General of Police.
2270:Rank insignia of a constable
1618:Metropolitan Police Act 1839
1614:Metropolitan Police Act 1829
1336:; by the 5th century AD the
1302:Medieval Armenia and Georgia
1116:South African Police Service
1063:) is the lowest rank in the
249:New South Wales Police Force
226:New South Wales Police Force
2344:. Kpcirculars.kerala.gov.in
2010:Vancouver Police Department
1890:. The Macmillan Press Ltd.
1664:of Europe. The position of
943:Central Armed Police Forces
308:Vancouver Police Department
211:Usage by country and region
77:General Sir Richard Dannatt
56:is commonly the rank of an
3134:
2931:. Macmillan. p. 591.
2797:, Vol. 1 (1753) at p. 229.
2695:. Blackwell. p. 625.
2006:"Chief Constable's Office"
1490:
1456:
1220:
1151:
1019:OR 3 Ledende Visekonstabel
1000:candidatus/candidata juris
897:
381:
230:
36:
32:Constable (disambiguation)
29:
3103:Police ranks of Sri Lanka
2848:Henry of Bratton (1968).
2616:(in Polish). 18 May 2022.
2032:October 22, 2008, at the
1463:The Constable of France (
830:Kerala Civil Police Cadre
660:
598:
582:
442:
2927:Inwood, Stephen (1998).
2810:(Cassell, 2002), p. 72,
2103:"Flyvevåbnets Gradstegn"
1886:Pike, Michael S (1985).
1562:the court (i.e., of the
986:Norwegian Police Service
947:Ministry of Home Affairs
498:Overkonstabel af 1. grad
421:Overkonstabel af 1. grad
415:Overkonstabel af 1. grad
287:services, including the
3064:Encyclopædia Britannica
3053:Phillips, Walter Alison
2748:p172, Slater, Stephen,
2365:"Circular No. 03 /2011"
2313:"Circular No. 03 /2011"
1850:p103, Bruce, Alistair,
1689:Condestable de Castilla
1515:Great Officers of State
1503:Norman Conquest of 1066
1025:OR 4+ Ledende Konstabel
1004:master i rettsvitenskap
1002:" or "Master of Laws" (
625:Senior naval constable
358:or court/jail officers.
233:Australian police ranks
156:Commonwealth of Nations
2979:, Essex Police website
2808:Keepers of the Kingdom
2513:Daily, Keralakaumudi.
2342:"Circular No. 01/2011"
2244:. 2018. Archived from
2208:. 2016. Archived from
2172:. 2018. Archived from
1852:Keepers of the Kingdom
1656:Other European nations
1626:County Police Act 1839
1559:
1345:
1183:
1175:
1128:
1124:Constable rank of the
1093:Singapore Police Force
990:
796:Hong Kong Police Force
721:Air constable trainee
704:
697:
690:
656:Royal Danish Air Force
614:
607:
518:
511:
504:
497:
420:
414:
408:
402:
280:
228:
88:
85:Constable of the Tower
2071:"Søværnets Gradstegn"
1693:Constable of Portugal
1645:Royal Parks of London
1599:justices of the peace
1575:Statute of Winchester
1547:
1525:during the reigns of
1181:
1169:
1162:War Reserve Constable
1123:
935:Kodiyeri Balakrishnan
846:Non-gazetted officers
771:or senior constable.
756:, the lowest rank of
726:Official translation
715:Senior air constable
633:Official translation
543:Official translation
310:, carry the title of
270:
223:
196:, which derives from
75:
1749:Constable of Chester
1697:Condestável do Reino
1685:Constable of Castile
1481:Bertrand du Guesclin
1465:Connétable de France
1158:Special Constabulary
1073:starszy posterunkowy
976:strenuous in India.
931:Civil Police Officer
925:is the same. In the
820:Civil Police Officer
769:vanhempi konstaapeli
762:nuorempi konstaapeli
712:Literal translation
622:Literal translation
526:Literal translation
364:Auxiliary constables
141:Connétable de France
30:For other uses, see
2929:A History of London
2598:. 19 November 2016.
2519:Keralakaumudi Daily
2493:English.Mathrubhumi
1610:Metropolitan Police
1571:Edward I of England
1511:Lord High Constable
1459:Constable of France
1338:Count of the Stable
1278:and, historically,
1266:Metropolitan Police
951:Government of India
705:Flyverkonstabelelev
691:Flyveroverkonstabel
608:Marineoverkonstabel
552:Private first class
271:A constable of the
137:Constable of France
39:Lord High Constable
2975:2007-09-27 at the
2717:Kazhdan, Alexander
2665:Kazhdan, Alexander
2650:2007-12-16 at the
2543:The Times of India
2461:The Times of India
2429:The Times of India
2397:The Times of India
2275:2012-03-25 at the
2132:"Hærens Gradstegn"
1942:2016-10-21 at the
1641:11 & 12 Geo. 5
1229:service of process
1211:special constables
1184:
1176:
1129:
1016:OR 2 Visekonstabel
945:(CAPF), under the
822:സിവിൽ പോലീസ് ഓഫീസർ
760:officer is called
538:Constable trainee
339:Special constables
281:
229:
170:; however, in the
145:Cardinal Richelieu
89:
3093:Legal professions
3058:"Constable"
3042:Project Gutenberg
3021:Patrick Colquhoun
2806:Bruce, Alistair,
2730:978-0-19-504652-6
2680:978-0-19-504652-6
2251:on 14 August 2018
2215:on 14 August 2018
2179:on 14 August 2018
1854:(Cassell, 2002),
1075:), and then, the
1055:, the constable (
866:
865:
767:The next rank is
745:
744:
730:Junior technician
578:Royal Danish Navy
532:Senior constable
458:Royal Danish Army
298:In addition, the
79:, dressed in the
16:(Redirected from
3125:
3068:
3060:
3009:
3008:
3006:
3005:
2996:. Archived from
2986:
2980:
2967:
2961:
2960:
2955:. Archived from
2949:
2943:
2942:
2924:
2918:
2910:, vol.1 (1973),
2904:
2895:
2894:
2876:
2870:
2869:
2864:. Archived from
2845:
2839:
2838:
2836:
2835:
2828:"Bracton Online"
2824:
2818:
2804:
2798:
2787:
2781:
2780:
2778:
2777:
2769:Vronsky, Peter.
2766:
2760:
2752:(Lorenz, 2002),
2746:
2735:
2734:
2713:
2707:
2706:
2684:
2661:
2655:
2642:
2636:
2635:
2624:
2618:
2617:
2614:isap.sejm.gov.pl
2606:
2600:
2599:
2592:
2586:
2585:
2583:
2581:
2575:
2567:
2561:
2560:
2558:
2557:
2535:
2529:
2528:
2526:
2525:
2510:
2504:
2503:
2501:
2500:
2485:
2479:
2478:
2476:
2475:
2453:
2447:
2446:
2444:
2443:
2421:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2411:
2389:
2383:
2382:
2380:
2378:
2369:
2360:
2354:
2353:
2351:
2349:
2337:
2331:
2330:
2328:
2326:
2317:
2308:
2302:
2301:
2296:. Archived from
2286:
2280:
2267:
2261:
2260:
2258:
2256:
2250:
2239:
2231:
2225:
2224:
2222:
2220:
2214:
2203:
2195:
2189:
2188:
2186:
2184:
2178:
2167:
2159:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2148:
2136:
2128:
2122:
2121:
2119:
2117:
2107:
2099:
2090:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2075:
2067:
2058:
2057:
2055:
2054:
2043:
2037:
2024:
2018:
2017:
2012:. Archived from
2002:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1992:
1977:
1971:
1970:
1968:
1967:
1952:
1946:
1933:
1927:
1926:
1908:
1902:
1901:
1883:
1877:
1871:
1862:
1848:
1829:
1815:
1809:
1795:
1789:
1765:
1649:Kew Constabulary
1529:(1135–1154) and
1497:Parish constable
1328:Byzantine Empire
1297:Historical usage
1254:parish constable
1142:Sri Lanka Police
993:
918:state government
888:
876:
859:Next higher rank
817:
707:
700:
693:
681:
674:
667:
654:
652:
651:
628:Naval constable
617:
610:
596:
589:
576:
574:
573:
521:
514:
507:
500:
488:
481:
474:
467:
456:
454:
453:
431:
430:
423:
417:
411:
405:
242:Senior constable
21:
18:Police Constable
3133:
3132:
3128:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3123:
3122:
3078:
3077:
3051:
3034:François Hotman
3017:
3012:
3003:
3001:
2988:
2987:
2983:
2977:Wayback Machine
2968:
2964:
2951:
2950:
2946:
2939:
2926:
2925:
2921:
2905:
2898:
2891:
2878:
2877:
2873:
2862:
2847:
2846:
2842:
2833:
2831:
2826:
2825:
2821:
2805:
2801:
2788:
2784:
2775:
2773:
2768:
2767:
2763:
2747:
2738:
2731:
2715:
2714:
2710:
2703:
2685:
2681:
2663:
2662:
2658:
2652:Wayback Machine
2643:
2639:
2632:isap.sej.gov.pl
2626:
2625:
2621:
2608:
2607:
2603:
2594:
2593:
2589:
2579:
2577:
2573:
2569:
2568:
2564:
2555:
2553:
2537:
2536:
2532:
2523:
2521:
2512:
2511:
2507:
2498:
2496:
2487:
2486:
2482:
2473:
2471:
2455:
2454:
2450:
2441:
2439:
2423:
2422:
2418:
2409:
2407:
2391:
2390:
2386:
2376:
2374:
2367:
2362:
2361:
2357:
2347:
2345:
2339:
2338:
2334:
2324:
2322:
2315:
2310:
2309:
2305:
2288:
2287:
2283:
2277:Wayback Machine
2268:
2264:
2254:
2252:
2248:
2237:
2233:
2232:
2228:
2218:
2216:
2212:
2201:
2197:
2196:
2192:
2182:
2180:
2176:
2165:
2161:
2160:
2156:
2146:
2144:
2134:
2130:
2129:
2125:
2115:
2113:
2105:
2101:
2100:
2093:
2083:
2081:
2073:
2069:
2068:
2061:
2052:
2050:
2045:
2044:
2040:
2034:Wayback Machine
2025:
2021:
2004:
2003:
1999:
1990:
1988:
1979:
1978:
1974:
1965:
1963:
1954:
1953:
1949:
1944:Wayback Machine
1934:
1930:
1923:
1910:
1909:
1905:
1898:
1885:
1884:
1880:
1872:
1865:
1849:
1842:
1838:
1833:
1832:
1816:
1812:
1796:
1792:
1766:
1762:
1757:
1739:Chief of police
1705:
1658:
1630:chief constable
1591:Buckinghamshire
1499:
1489:
1469:French monarchy
1461:
1455:
1391:
1330:
1304:
1299:
1241:law enforcement
1225:
1219:
1207:chief constable
1164:
1152:Main articles:
1150:
1134:
1108:
1085:
1049:
1032:
991:politikonstabel
982:
955:border guarding
916:in India, each
902:
896:
895:
894:
893:
892:
889:
881:
880:
877:
821:
815:
792:
750:
698:Flyverkonstabel
649:
647:
615:Marinekonstabel
571:
569:
451:
449:
394:
380:
319:Canadian French
312:chief constable
285:law enforcement
265:
257:Victoria Police
235:
218:
213:
198:Old High German
172:Channel Islands
152:law enforcement
70:
50:law enforcement
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3131:
3129:
3121:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3080:
3079:
3076:
3075:
3069:
3049:
3031:
3016:
3015:External links
3013:
3011:
3010:
2981:
2962:
2959:on 2007-12-18.
2944:
2937:
2919:
2896:
2889:
2871:
2868:on 2012-07-11.
2860:
2840:
2819:
2799:
2782:
2761:
2736:
2729:
2719:, ed. (1991).
2708:
2701:
2689:, ed. (1964).
2679:
2667:, ed. (1991).
2656:
2637:
2619:
2601:
2587:
2562:
2545:. 2019-10-28.
2530:
2505:
2480:
2463:. 2021-09-07.
2448:
2431:. 2019-10-28.
2416:
2399:. 2021-09-07.
2384:
2355:
2332:
2303:
2300:on 2012-03-25.
2294:Finnish Police
2281:
2262:
2226:
2190:
2154:
2123:
2091:
2059:
2038:
2019:
2016:on 2012-07-29.
1997:
1972:
1947:
1937:Online-Version
1928:
1921:
1903:
1896:
1878:
1863:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1831:
1830:
1810:
1790:
1759:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1752:
1751:
1746:
1744:Highway patrol
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1704:
1701:
1670:Earl of Erroll
1657:
1654:
1569:In 1285, King
1509:The office of
1488:
1487:United Kingdom
1485:
1457:Main article:
1454:
1451:
1390:
1387:
1329:
1326:
1306:The titles of
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1221:Main article:
1218:
1215:
1199:
1198:
1191:
1149:
1148:United Kingdom
1146:
1133:
1130:
1107:
1104:
1102:in Singapore.
1084:
1081:
1048:
1045:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1026:
1023:
1022:OR 4 Konstabel
1020:
1017:
981:
978:
970:police station
923:rank structure
906:head constable
890:
883:
882:
878:
871:
870:
869:
868:
867:
864:
863:
862:Head constable
860:
856:
855:
852:
848:
847:
844:
840:
839:
836:
832:
831:
828:
827:Service branch
824:
823:
814:
811:
807:
806:
803:
791:
788:
780:ylikonstaapeli
754:Finnish Police
749:
746:
743:
742:
737:
732:
727:
723:
722:
719:
718:Air constable
716:
713:
709:
708:
701:
694:
687:
683:
682:
675:
668:
661:
659:
643:
642:
641:Junior rating
639:
634:
630:
629:
626:
623:
619:
618:
611:
604:
600:
599:
597:
590:
583:
581:
565:
564:
559:
554:
549:
547:Lance corporal
544:
540:
539:
536:
533:
530:
527:
523:
522:
515:
508:
501:
494:
490:
489:
482:
475:
468:
461:
445:
444:
441:
438:
435:
428:rank instead.
398:Danish Defence
379:
376:
375:
374:
367:
361:
360:
359:
352:
345:peace officers
300:chief officers
264:
261:
231:Main article:
217:
214:
212:
209:
203:('horse') and
69:
66:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3130:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3085:
3083:
3074:
3070:
3066:
3065:
3059:
3054:
3050:
3047:
3043:
3039:
3035:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3022:
3019:
3018:
3014:
3000:on 2018-08-03
2999:
2995:
2991:
2985:
2982:
2978:
2974:
2971:
2966:
2963:
2958:
2954:
2948:
2945:
2940:
2938:0-333-67154-6
2934:
2930:
2923:
2920:
2917:
2916:0-900804-29-7
2913:
2909:
2903:
2901:
2897:
2892:
2890:0-8020-2863-2
2886:
2882:
2875:
2872:
2867:
2863:
2861:0-19-626613-0
2857:
2853:
2852:
2844:
2841:
2829:
2823:
2820:
2817:
2816:0-304-36201-8
2813:
2809:
2803:
2800:
2796:
2792:
2786:
2783:
2772:
2765:
2762:
2759:
2758:0-7548-1062-3
2755:
2751:
2745:
2743:
2741:
2737:
2732:
2726:
2722:
2718:
2712:
2709:
2704:
2702:0-631-15250-4
2698:
2694:
2693:
2688:
2682:
2676:
2672:
2671:
2666:
2660:
2657:
2653:
2649:
2646:
2641:
2638:
2633:
2629:
2623:
2620:
2615:
2611:
2605:
2602:
2597:
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2588:
2572:
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2534:
2531:
2520:
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2506:
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2466:
2462:
2458:
2452:
2449:
2438:
2434:
2430:
2426:
2420:
2417:
2406:
2402:
2398:
2394:
2388:
2385:
2373:
2372:Kerala Police
2366:
2359:
2356:
2343:
2336:
2333:
2321:
2320:Kerala Police
2314:
2307:
2304:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2285:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2271:
2266:
2263:
2247:
2243:
2236:
2230:
2227:
2211:
2207:
2200:
2194:
2191:
2175:
2171:
2164:
2158:
2155:
2142:
2141:
2133:
2127:
2124:
2111:
2104:
2098:
2096:
2092:
2079:
2072:
2066:
2064:
2060:
2048:
2042:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2028:
2023:
2020:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2001:
1998:
1987:on 2009-02-28
1986:
1982:
1976:
1973:
1961:
1957:
1951:
1948:
1945:
1941:
1938:
1932:
1929:
1924:
1922:0-550-10234-5
1918:
1914:
1907:
1904:
1899:
1897:0-333-38245-5
1893:
1889:
1882:
1879:
1875:
1870:
1868:
1864:
1861:
1860:0-304-36201-8
1857:
1853:
1847:
1845:
1841:
1835:
1827:
1824:
1820:
1814:
1811:
1807:
1804:
1800:
1794:
1791:
1787:
1784:
1780:
1777:
1773:
1770:
1764:
1761:
1754:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
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1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
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1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1706:
1702:
1700:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1681:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1655:
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2687:Jones, A H M
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2495:. 2021-04-03
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2246:the original
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2229:
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2041:
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1985:the original
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110:Roman Empire
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2049:. Gov.ns.ca
1581:to prevent
1573:passed the
1441:during the
1427:during the
1400:during the
1383:martial law
1375:Charlemagne
1368:Palaiologan
1359:konostaulos
1260:served and
735:Aircraftman
637:Able rating
396:Within the
371:Nova Scotia
356:SPCA agents
255:Within the
3118:Constables
3082:Categories
3073:CMPSNS.com
3004:2014-01-26
2834:2007-09-06
2776:2007-09-14
2556:2023-05-02
2524:2023-05-02
2499:2023-05-02
2474:2023-05-02
2442:2023-05-02
2410:2023-07-31
2377:9 December
2348:9 December
2325:9 December
2053:2011-03-06
1991:2009-05-28
1966:2018-08-03
1836:References
1691:) and the
1662:monarchies
1564:common law
1531:King David
1491:See also:
1471:, was the
1271:common law
1231:, such as
908:. General
898:See also:
843:Rank group
535:Constable
426:specialist
382:See also:
347:under the
277:full dress
125:monarchies
2580:3 January
2551:0971-8257
2469:0971-8257
2437:0971-8257
2405:0971-8257
1956:"marshal"
1874:Constable
1817:Chinese:
1797:Chinese:
1786:tíngzhǎng
1767:Chinese:
1409:dynasties
1398:tingzhang
1364:Komnenian
1237:subpoenas
1233:summonses
1172:epaulette
1138:Sri Lanka
1132:Sri Lanka
1089:Singapore
1083:Singapore
988:the rank
854:Constable
790:Hong Kong
512:Konstabel
434:NATO Code
403:Konstabel
304:municipal
216:Australia
183:castellan
102:attendant
68:Etymology
60:within a
54:Constable
46:constable
3113:Sheriffs
3055:(1911).
2973:Archived
2648:Archived
2273:Archived
2030:Archived
1960:Archived
1940:Archived
1826:bǎozhèng
1703:See also
1583:defaults
1539:evidence
1523:Scotland
1447:notaries
1425:baozheng
1309:sparapet
1250:watchmen
1077:sergeant
1040:Pakistan
1036:Pakistan
1030:Pakistan
912:being a
776:sergeant
328:gendarme
302:of some
129:medieval
3046:# 17894
3044:e-text
2789:Hanes,
1806:lǐzhèng
1724:Sheriff
1709:Marshal
1674:Navarre
1612:by the
1579:hundred
1543:Bracton
1519:England
1439:shoubao
1413:lizheng
1394:Village
1379:Marshal
1362:in the
1354:Normans
1321:spahbod
1315:spaspet
1291:marshal
1280:private
1276:trooper
1262:warrant
984:In the
949:of the
752:In the
748:Finland
740:Recruit
686:Danish
603:Danish
562:Recruit
557:Private
493:Danish
378:Denmark
194:marshal
178:level.
168:sheriff
118:monarch
106:stables
104:to the
83:of the
58:officer
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2858:
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2576:. BPRD
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2467:
2435:
2403:
2147:26 May
2116:26 May
2084:26 May
1919:
1894:
1858:
1734:Police
1606:London
1587:parish
1551:enroll
1453:France
1431:, and
1350:horses
1160:, and
1140:, the
1069:Polish
1065:Police
1057:Polish
1053:Poland
1047:Poland
980:Norway
758:police
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575:
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390:, and
263:Canada
205:schalh
176:parish
62:police
2574:(PDF)
2368:(PDF)
2316:(PDF)
2249:(PDF)
2238:(PDF)
2213:(PDF)
2202:(PDF)
2177:(PDF)
2166:(PDF)
2135:(PDF)
2106:(PDF)
2074:(PDF)
1755:Notes
1555:Tower
1434:dibao
1389:China
1356:, as
1342:Latin
963:khaki
813:India
443:OR-1
323:agent
201:marah
160:sworn
93:Latin
2933:ISBN
2912:ISBN
2885:ISBN
2856:ISBN
2812:ISBN
2754:ISBN
2725:ISBN
2697:ISBN
2675:ISBN
2582:2021
2547:ISSN
2465:ISSN
2433:ISSN
2401:ISSN
2379:2023
2350:2023
2327:2023
2257:2021
2221:2021
2185:2021
2149:2021
2118:2021
2086:2021
1917:ISBN
1892:ISBN
1856:ISBN
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1495:and
1477:army
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1437:and
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1419:and
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