343:(Thai: āļŦāļ§āļĒ) run by the Government Lottery Office. Lottery sales of approximately 70 billion baht (US$ 2 billion) are used for social projects, including the "One District, One Scholarship" program which provided one student from a low-income family in each district with a scholarship to study overseas. Soon after Thaksin was deposed, the junta banned the lottery, claiming it was a social vice. This lured the poor away from work into gambling addiction. In addition, the supreme court ruled that the cabinet did not have the right to introduce the lottery without due process. The scholarship program was also stopped. The military junta also claimed that Thaksin's government "mischievously spent the proceeds in any way it saw fit".
188:
641:
423:, in his 2003 birthday speech, attempted to criticize the Prime Minister in a subtle manner by assuming some accountability for the casualties of the war on drug as well as requested the commander of the police to categorize deaths: those killed by police and those killed by fellow drug dealers. Police Commander Sant Sarutanond reopened investigations into the deaths, and again found that few of the deaths were at the hands of the police. Thaksin's anti-drug approach was widely criticized by international community. Thaksin requested that the
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Education to Tambon
Administrative Organizations (TAOs). The plan met with massive widespread opposition from Thailand's 700,000 teachers, who would be deprived of their status as civil servants. There was also widespread fear from teachers that TAOs lack the skills and capabilities required to manage schools. In the face of massive teacher protests and several threats of school closure, Thaksin compromised and gave teachers whose schools were transferred to TAO management two years to transfer to other schools.
586:
suffocated to death due to gross mishandling by the military. After the 2006 coup, the army dropped all charges and investigations into army misconduct related to the Tak Bai incident. Thaksin announced an escalation of military and police activity in the region. In July 2005, Thaksin enacted an emergency decree to manage the three troubled provinces. Several human rights organizations expressed their concerns that the decree might be used to violate civil liberties.
203:
632:
CEO-governors were put in charge of planning and coordinating provincial development and became accountable for overall provincial affairs. The "CEO governors" were assisted by "provincial CFOs" from the
Ministry of Finance who reported directly to each governor. The CEO-governors were authorized to raise funds by issuing bonds and were given an intensive training course. After the coup, the junta reverted the role of governors.
402:), public education, sports, and promoting peer pressure against drug use proved more or less ineffective, Thaksin launched a multi-pronged suppression campaign that aimed to eradicate methamphetamine use in three months. It increased punishment for drug addicts, set provincial arrest and seizure targets, rewarded government officials for achieving targets and eliminating dealers, and ordered a "ruthless" implementation.
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identify remedial measures for their relatives", said
Justice Minister Charnchai Likhitjittha. The committee found that as many as 1400 of the 2500 killed had no link to drugs. However, while giving the opinion that orders to kill came from the top, the panel failed to establish sufficient evidence to charge Thaksin directly with the murders.
363:
96% of the population. Unfortunately, the program increased workloads for healthcare employees and caused many doctors to switch to higher paying careers. It has been also criticized for being greatly underfunded. The financial losses caused by the program led some hospitals to seek alternative sources of income, leading to a boom in the
690:
making
Thailand a regional leader. He proposed, and was supported by other South East Asian countries, an economic treaty at the sub-regional level, to promote economic, technological, and infrastructure development. His government also provided economic assistance to neighbouring countries Laos and Cambodia.
503:
a month, with an interest rate equivalent to inflation from the day the loan was granted. The SLF had an eligibility limit on family income but carried interest of 1%, starting one year after graduation. The programs were merged and the income limit modified after
Thaksin's government was overthrown.
614:
One of the most visible of
Thaksin's administrative reforms was the restructuring of government department and ministries, labeled the "big bang." It was hailed as a "historic breakthrough" and "the first major reorganization of ministries since King Chulalongkorn set up Thailand's modern system of
447:
Of 2,500 deaths in the government's war on drugs in 2003, a fact-finding panel has found that more than half was not involved in drugs at all. At a brainstorming session, a representative from the Office of
Narcotics Control Board (ONCB) Tuesday disclosed that as many as 1,400 people were killed and
689:
Thaksin established close, friendly ties with the
Burmese dictatorship, including extending the neighboring country a four billion baht credit line so it could conclude a satellite telecom deal with his family business. During the time Thaksin was in office as prime minister, he was ambitious about
220:
As prime minister, Thaksin
Shinawatra initiated many policies affecting the economy, public health, education, energy, drugs and international relations. He gained two landslide re-election victories. He implemented substantial spending on rural programs, with over 30,000 villages receiving a total
569:
A resurgence in violence began in 2001 in the three southernmost provinces of
Thailand which all have a Muslim, ethnic Malay majority. There is much controversy about the causes of this escalation of the decades long insurgency. Attacks after 2001 concentrated on police, the military, and schools,
362:
won the applause of the general public, but was criticized by many doctors and officials. Prior to the program's introduction, a large portion of the population had no health insurance and limited access to healthcare. The program helped increase access to healthcare from 76% of the population to
631:
A key component of Thaksin's administrative reform policy, "CEO-governors" epitomized Thaksin's "transformation of the operating style of the traditional bureaucracy into a more results-oriented instrument that would be responsive". Piloted in 2001 and introduced in all provinces in October 2003,
627:
Thaksin transformed the role of provincial governors from ceremonial supervisors of ministry officials to active managers of government policy. Historically, central government ministries operated in the provinces through field offices headed by senior officials, who reported back to Bangkok. The
515:
Thaksin initiated the Income Contingency Loan program to increase access to higher education. Under the program, needy students may secure a loan to support their studies from vocational to university levels. Thai banks had traditionally not given education loans. Thaksin made Thailand one of the
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Beginning in February 2003, the Thaksin government instructed police and local officials that persons charged with drug offenses should be considered "security threats" and dealt with in a "ruthless" and "severe" manner. The result of the initial three-month phase of this campaign was some 2,275
585:
In October 2004, 84 Muslim human rights protesters were killed at Tak Bai when the army broke up a peaceful protest. The many detainees were forced at gunpoint to lie prone in army trucks, stacked like cordwood. The trucks were delayed from moving to the detainment area for hours. Many detainees
434:
After the 2006 coup, the military junta ordered another investigation into the anti-drug campaign. Former Attorney General Kanit Na Nakhon chaired the special investigative committee. "The special committee will be tasked with an investigation to find out the truth about the deaths as well as to
507:
Thaksin also initiated the controversial "One District, One Dream School" project, aimed at developing the quality of schools to ensure that every district has at least one high-quality school. The project was criticized, with some claiming that the only beneficiaries were Thaksin and companies
335:
re-branded as something new and revolutionary. Economists from the Thailand Development Research Institute argue that other factors, such as a revival in export demand, were the primary causes behind the economy's recovery. Others charge that the policies got the rural poor "hooked on Thaksin's
511:
In addition, Thaksin altered the state university entrance system. Whereas the former system relied exclusively on a series of nationally standardized exams, Thaksin pushed for a greater emphasis on senior high-school grades, claiming this would focus students on classroom learning rather than
491:
Thaksin implemented a major series of educational reforms during his government. Chief among those reforms was school decentralization, as mandated by the 1997 People's Constitution. The policy was designed to delegated school management from the over-centralized and bureaucratized Ministry of
618:
The restructuring was designed to streamline the bureaucracy and focus it on performance and results. New ministries were carved out in Social and Human Security Development, Tourism and Sports, Natural Resources and Environment, Information and Communication Technology, and Culture.
498:
To increase access to universities for lower income people, Thaksin initiated the Student Loan Fund (SLF) and Income Contingency Loan (ICL) programs. The ICL granted loans regardless of financial status, and required recipients to start repayments when their salaries reach 16,000
381:
Thaksin allowed an estimated 2.3 million foreign workers in Thailand to register and seek health coverage under the Thai national healthcare system. They were also eligible for work permits at the end of the registration period, entitling them to full labor protection.
554:
that could reliably support stronger economic growth and become important players in regional energy markets. Thaksin also initiated a policy to encourage renewable energy and energy conservation. Many Thaksin-era energy policies were reversed following the 2006 coup.
680:
Thaksin was attacked by influential former diplomats for acting undiplomatically with foreign leaders. Kasit Pirom, former Thai ambassador to Japan and the United States, noted at an anti-Thaksin rally "When Khun Thaksin went to the United Nations to attend a joint
32:
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and reduced poverty. The GDP grew from THB4.9 trillion at the end of 2001 to THB7.1 trillion at the end of 2006. Between 2000 and 2004, income in the poorest part of the country, the northeast, rose 40% while nationwide poverty fell from 21.3% to 11.3%. The
377:
noticeably declined, as fewer were being infected. Although successful in expanding access to HIV medication, there are concerns that a free trade agreement with the US could endanger Thailand's ability to produce generic HIV treatments.
479:
gave a lower score on "Control of Corruption" during 2002â2005, the period of Thaksin's government, compared to 1998-2000's earlier government. Thaksin himself has consistently denied any wrongdoing by himself or his Thai Rak Thai party.
349:
After the 2006 coup, some of Thaksin's economic policies were ended. The OTOP program was rebranded, the Government Lottery Office program was deemed illegal. The government also nationalized several media outlets and energy companies.
673:
Thailand joined George W. Bush's multinational coalition in the invasion of Iraq, sending a 423-strong humanitarian contingent. It withdrew its troops on 10 September 2004. Two Thai soldiers died in Iraq in an insurgent attack.
615:
departmental government in 1897." Such a restructuring had been studied for years as a means of undermining the perceived rigidities and inertia of the old system, but was never implemented until the Thaksin government.
685:
session, he did not behave properly when addressing the session, which was co-chaired by the UN secretary-general and the Malaysian premier. In his address Thaksin did not mention the name of the Malaysian premier".
221:
of B9.4 billion in FY2005 and the budgeted amount for FY2006 being raised to B19 billion, and provided affordable health coverage to the people. Because of this, his main support base has been the rural Thai.
2595:
741:, to Army commander-in-chief. In August 2002, he was promoted from Deputy Commander of the Armed Forces Development Command to become Deputy Army Chief. Both General Chaiyasit and Defense Minister General
324:
was projected for 2007. Public sector debt fell from 57% of GDP in January 2001 to 41% in September 2006. Foreign exchange reserves doubled from US$ 30 billion in 2001 to US$ 64 billion in 2006.
601:
an official language in the region. The Thaksin administration assigned a government committee to study the report, while Muslims urged the government to act faster in implementing the proposals.
370:
Post-coup Public Health Minister Mongkol Na Songkhla called the 30-baht program a "marketing gimmick" and claimed that the government would stop charging any fees for visits to state hospitals.
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selling computers and educational equipment. Many schools also fell deeply into debt in implementing the project, receiving less than adequate financial support from the central government.
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1979:
Martin Painter, Managerial Reform and Political Control: the Case of Thaksin and the Thai Bureaucracy*, Department of Public and Social Administration, City University of Hong Kong,
737:
There have also been complaints that Thaksin-appointed relatives to senior positions in the civil service and independent commissions, for example by elevating his cousin, General
1095:
2267:
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reported that 2,275 people were killed. The government claimed that only around 50 of the deaths were at the hands of the police. Human rights critics say a large number were
663:
products. Surapong Jayanama, former ambassador to Vietnam claiming that Thaksin's policies were "demeaning" and would do little to enhance Thailand's international stature.
2101:
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Thaksin announced that Thailand would forsake foreign aid, and work with donor countries to assist in the development of neighbors in the Greater Mekong Sub-region.
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1418:. April 2005. See Annex 5 for a "Partial list of persons reported killed during the 'war on drugs' (revised)." Asian Legal Resource Centre. From Vol. 04 - No. 02:
725:, one of the world's largest. The airport was officially opened a week after the overthrow of the government. Some members of Thaksin's government were accused of
293:
development funds, low-interest agricultural loans, direct injections of cash into village development funds (the SML scheme), infrastructure development, and the
726:
448:
labeled as drug suspects despite the fact that they had no link to drugs .... Senior public prosecutor Kunlapon Ponlawan said it was not difficult to investigate
358:
Thaksin initiated two key healthcare policies: subsidized universal health care and low-cost universal access to anti-retroviral HIV medication (ARVs). Thaksin's
495:
Other reforms included learning reform and related curricular decentralization, mostly through greater use of holistic education and less use of rote learning.
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2310:
2072:
1001:
779:, in an anti-Thaksin rally, claimed that Thaksin's two state visits to India were made in order to negotiate a satellite deal for Thaksin's family-owned
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reported that Thailand's reputation for transparency among business executives improved during the years of the Thaksin government. In 2001, Thailand's
1809:
1249:
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524:(OLPC) project, with the Thai Ministry of Education committing to purchase 600,000 units. However, the military junta later cancelled the project.
1954:
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1128:
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with China, Australia, Bahrain, India, and the US. This policy was also criticized, with claims that high-cost Thai industries could be wiped out.
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1691:
1672:
1278:"Public Health at Risk: A US Free Trade Agreement could threaten access to medicines in Thailand". The Oxford Committee for Famine Relief (Oxfam).
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but civilians have also been targets. Thaksin has been widely criticized for his management of the situation, in particular the storming of the
3033:
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to oversee efforts to bring peace to the troubled south. In its final report released in June 2006, the commission proposed introducing
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1983:
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413:. The government went out of its way to publicize the campaign, through daily announcements of arrest, seizure, and death statistics.
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1361:"Thailand War on Drugs Turns Murderous, 600 Killed This Month – Human Rights Groups Denounce Death Squads, Executions"
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Under the slogans "Four Years of Repair – Four years of Reconstruction" and "Building Opportunities", Thaksin and the
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Thaksin's government designed its policies to appeal to the rural majority of voters, initiating programs such as village-managed
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First International Trade Exhibition and Conference on Medical Tourism, Spa and Wellness Industries, in Bangkok, March 20-23 2008
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The Thaksin government reduced the state's control of the media by privatizing MCOT, a large television and radio broadcaster.
187:
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Labour Group Committee Pongsak Plengsaeng criticized the move, claiming that it would lead to unemployment amongst Thais.
359:
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Thaksin helped bring part of Thailand's massive underground lottery system into the legal fold by operating a successful
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According to the Narcotics Control Board, the policy was effective in reducing drug consumption, especially in schools.
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320:, producing comfortable fiscal surpluses for 2003 to 2005. Despite a massive program of infrastructure investments, a
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309:
120:
117:
70:
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The Nation, "CROSSING THE DIGITAL DIVIDE: Sipa hopes for equal access for all children nationwide", 15 August 2005
398:. After earlier anti-drug policies such as border blocking (most methamphetamine found in Thailand is produced in
167:
2966:
754:
564:
383:
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Thaksin was fiercely attacked for tasking diplomats with supporting domestic economic programs, e.g., promoting
483:
In 2008, Thaksin was found guilty of corruption and sentenced to two years in prison by the Thai Supreme Court.
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industry, with 1.3 million foreign patients earning Thailand 33 billion THB (approx. US$ 800 million) in 2005.
2222:
1511:
1079:
394:
Thaksin initiated several highly controversial policies to destroy the Thai illicit drug market, particularly
1750:
768:(former Deputy Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Finance) to the position of Auditor General, replacing
2254:
2117:
2025:
1246:
1183:
1017:
927:
589:
In March 2005, Thaksin established the National Reconciliation Commission, chaired by former Prime Minister
449:
410:
94:
2162:. United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific. February 17, 2006. Archived from
1415:
713:, sweeping 374 out of 500 seats in Parliament. The election had the highest voter turnout in Thai history.
89:
2717:
2507:
2501:
2280:
2145:
2076:
998:
784:
721:
After more than 30 years of planning and debate, the Thaksin government completed construction of the new
660:
543:
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260:
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17:
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1958:
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207:
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856:
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government's privatization agenda, but with important changes. Whereas the Chuan government's post-
517:
332:
237:
229:
225:
144:
107:
2026:"Ex-envoy castigates Thaksin's diplomacy: Foreign policy for domestic consumption 'was demeaning'"
1587:
1201:
2625:
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2319:
1403:
1376:
Matthew Z Wheeler. "From Marketplace to Battlefield: Counting the Costs of Thailand's Drug War."
1345:
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in August 2004, after only a year in office. His replacement was in response to an escalation of
547:
406:
245:
214:
151:
62:
31:
1320:
373:
During the Thaksin government, the number of people living with HIV/AIDS as well as the overall
1876:
Bangkok Post, "Raising sector efficiency `crucial': Utility's B140bn debt strains public purse"
1416:"Institutionalised torture, extrajudicial killings & uneven application of law in Thailand"
259:, human rights offences, acting undiplomatically, using legal loopholes, and hostility towards
2688:
2659:
2654:
2637:
2519:
2487:
1645:"Southeast Asia: Most Killed in Thailand's 2003 Drug War Not Involved With Drugs, Panel Finds"
806:
590:
2003:
2705:
2681:
2649:
2446:
1484:
1360:
1349:
839:
780:
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750:
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202:
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http://www.burmait.net/ict-news/2007/aug07/thaksin-to-face-charges-over-burma-telecom-deal/
1980:
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1987:
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1005:
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914:
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1932:
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303:, Thaksin's economic policies helped to accelerate Thailand's economic recovery from the
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His cabinet was packed with academics, former student leaders, and former leaders of the
1706:
1540:
1492:
1488:
1399:
1381:
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Thai News Agency, Rote learning to be eliminated from schools, says PM, 21 January 2006
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1315:
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Ministry of Interior appointed provincial governors whose role was largely ceremonial.
571:
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Thai Public Relations Department, "Thailand's Image on Transparency", 26 October 2004
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271:, usurping religious and royal authority, selling assets to international investors,
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regarding a cable-television joint venture the two partnered in during the 1980s.
431:
is not my father. I am not worried about any UN visit to Thailand on this issue."
2543:
838:
Thaksin has been engaged in a series of lawsuits brought by American businessman
546:
policies sought economic efficiency through industry fragmentation and wholesale
248:. Traditional leaders of regional coalitions also became members of his cabinet.
2531:
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as Army commander-in-chief. However, General Chaiyasit was replaced by General
290:
2097:
Thaksin to face charges over Burma telecom deal. ICT News, August 2, 2007 url:
2000:"CEO governors mini-premiers, says PM: Can issue bonds, use management methods"
427:
send a special envoy to evaluate the situation, but said in an interview, "The
1875:
1379:
1113:
Justice permanent secretary to seek abolition of jackpot price of Govt lottery
551:
476:
374:
1865:
Far Eastern Economic Review, "Power Politics Trump Reform", 27 September 2001
1419:
790:
Thaksin's government has been accused of exerting political influence in its
468:(CPI) was 3.2 (ranked 61st), whereas in 2005, the CPI was 3.8 (ranked 59th).
1479:"US-Thailand's 'License To Kill'. 2274 Extra-Judicial Killings In 90 Days".
1377:
263:. A controversial leader, he has been the target of numerous allegations of
2208:
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1385:
745:
denied charges of nepotism at the time. General Chaiyasit replaced General
2351:
693:
Thaksin has been attacked for his support of former Deputy Prime Minister
443:(an English-language newspaper in Thailand) reported on 27 November 2007:
1462:"Letter from Asia; She Tilts Against Power, but Don't Call Her Quixotic."
1350:
Thailand: Not Enough Graves: IV. Human Rights Abuses and the War on Drugs
420:
252:
1290:"The War on Drugs, HIV/AIDS, and Violations of Human Rights in Thailand"
452:
carried out by police officers as the trigger-pullers usually confessed.
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832:
399:
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1452:. See page 24, the section called "Killings in the war against drugs".
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2268:āļĢāļļāļāđāļāļīāļāđāļāđāļēāļāļāļ"āđāļāļĄāđāļāļīāļĨāļĢāļīāļ" āļāļĩāđ"āđāļĄāđāļ§"āļāļāļ āļĒāļļāđāļāđāļĨāļģāđāļĨāļīāļāđāļāđāļĄāļ·āļāļāļ·āļ"āđāļāđāļāđāļāļŠ"
814:
594:
1918:
Somchai Phatharathananunth "Civil Society and Democratization" p.222
764:
Thaksin was also accused of interference after the Senate appointed
727:
corruption while overseeing the construction of Suvarnabhumi Airport
1508:
639:
201:
1509:
Thailand 2003. Extrajudicial drug-war killings of innocent people
802:
500:
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2002:. Kellogg School of Management. August 17, 2003. Archived from
1266:
Follow-up to the declaration of commitment on HIV/AIDS (UNGASS)
1055:
The Nation, "Ministry suspends lottery sales", 18 November 2006
297:(OTOP), rural small and medium enterprise development program.
273:
religious desecration, and "siding with the forces of darkness"
2181:"WATCHDOG: In Chaiyasit, PM's power base more solid than ever"
1487:. Vol. 1, No. 2, October 2003. Relevant section of journal 2:
578:
in army custody, and the unsolved kidnapping of Muslim-lawyer
251:
His government has been frequently charged with dictatorship,
2146:"French leader's visit time to reconsider Surakiart's UN bid"
1518:. Photo gallery. Press/media links, and human rights reports.
2350:
1778:
International Viewpoint, Online magazine: IV376 - March 2006
206:
Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra and Deputy Prime Minister
2038:
1420:"Special Report: Rule of Law vs. Rule of Lords in Thailand"
534:
Energy Industry Liberalization and Privatization (Thailand)
1807:
New student loan scheme to have higher family-income limit
1621:"Most of those killed in war on drug not involved in drug"
877:
Protesters Jam Bangkok, but Rural Thais Love the Leader.
1981:
http://www.sog-rc27.org/Paper/Scancor/Martin_Painter.doc
1335:
Thailand: Grave developments - Killings and other abuses
1093:"Intoxicated" Thailand losing billions to lottery: study
896:
The World Bank, Thailand Economic Monitor, November 2005
1567:"DRUG-RELATED KILLINGS: Verify the toll, say diplomats"
538:
In energy policy, the Thaksin government continued the
312:
outperformed other markets in the region. After facing
1929:"Emergency Decree Violates Thai Constitution and Laws"
1751:
Thaksin Government 2001 Policy Statement, Section 11.1
1018:
TDRI ECONOMISTS: Thaksinomics 'not a driver of growth'
1827:"Suicide puts spotlight on model schools' money woes"
1184:"Bt30 health scheme still lacks funds, says official"
797:
Thaksin often faced harsh comparisons. Social critic
1931:. Human Rights Watch. August 4, 2005. Archived from
1066:"Studying Abroad: Students find Germany challenging"
2959:
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783:. The accusation was countered by Foreign Minister
697:'s failed campaign to become UN Secretary General.
150:
138:
126:
113:
103:
82:
58:
2195:"Military Re-shuffle: Chaisit out, Prawit ascends"
1841:"THAI TALK: Nightmares haunt dream-school project"
1311:"A Wave of Drug Killings Is Linked to Thai Police"
1037:Forget the apologies, let the PM rebuild democracy
2051:"Thaksin's Chance for Leading Role in the Region"
1541:"2003 Birthday Speech of King Bhumibol Adulyadej"
1080:"Thaksin to visit students when he is unemployed"
908:Dreaded day dawns â despite lies and dark forces
891:
889:
792:crackdown on unlicensed community radio stations
666:Thaksin also initiated negotiations for several
550:competition, Thaksin's policies aimed to create
2390:United Front for Democracy Against Dictatorship
1215:85 Bogus Doctors Arrested In Thailand Last Year
1907:At least 84 people killed in Southern Thailand
787:, who attended the state visits with Thaksin.
2559:
2304:
1606:"Thailand's drug wars. Back on the offensive"
1588:"Kanit to chair extrajudicial killings probe"
8:
2478:Metharath University (Shinawatra University)
2411:Sale of Shin Corporation to Temasek Holdings
2075:. The Nation. March 17, 2006. Archived from
54:9 February 2001 â 19 September 2006
2073:"Ex-envoys tell of 'multi-tasking' premier"
1528:Thailand: Public Senses War On Drugs Futile
967:Public debt end-Sept falls to 41.28% of GDP
775:Respected former Thai ambassador to the UN
709:(TRT) party won landslide victories in the
2566:
2552:
2544:
2311:
2297:
2289:
2239:. The Nation. June 1, 2005. Archived from
2223:"Kantathi slams diplomats for accusations"
1957:. The Nation. June 7, 2006. Archived from
360:30-baht/visit universal healthcare program
217:was the 23rd prime minister of Thailand.
18:Policies of the Shinawatra administration
1955:"Government shrugs off NRC final report"
948:Asian Development Outlook 2006: Thailand
333:Keynesian-style economic stimulus policy
1497:Link list for all parts of the journals
1481:The Akha Journal of the Golden Triangle
987:Thailand Economic Monitor, October 2003
867:
574:, the deaths of civilian protesters at
3029:Political career of Thaksin Shinawatra
183:
26:
1491:- Cover and first part of journal 2:
1400:Timeline of Thailand's "War on Drugs"
999:Black Tuesday: Did the BOT overreact?
873:
871:
7:
1670:TI 2005 Corruption Perceptions Index
1198:"Thaksin lauds his own achievements"
1390:Institute of Current World Affairs.
2237:"Community-radio crackdown panned"
1126:Lotteries move lacks understanding
25:
1829:. The Nation. September 15, 2005.
1769:Crisis in the âLand of the Smileâ
1726:"Thai ex-PM guilty of corruption"
1689:Corruption Perceptions Index 2001
1439:"Thailand: Not Smiling on Rights"
1313:. By Seth Mydans. April 8, 2003.
1146:Activists call for MCOT delisting
49:Premiership of Thaksin Shinawatra
3002:
2989:
2148:. The Nation. February 17, 2006.
2057:. March 10, 2004. Archived from
1895:U.N. Criticizes Emergency Powers
512:private entrance exam tutoring.
186:
30:
2984:History of Thailand (1973â2001)
2416:2005â2006 Thai political crisis
2118:"Ex-envoys slam foreign policy"
1843:. The Nation. October 13, 2005.
1707:Worldwide Governance Indicators
1247:Bt30 health fee may be scrapped
473:Worldwide Governance Indicators
2575:History of Thailand since 2001
2197:. The Nation. August 24, 2004.
2183:. The Nation. August 31, 2003.
2132:"Ex-envoy slam foreign policy"
1464:By Jane Perlez. July 7, 2004.
1200:. Bangkok Post. Archived from
1168:. Bangkok Post. Archived from
655:on 21 October 2003 in Bangkok.
1:
3034:Political history of Thailand
2972:CambodianâThai border dispute
2596:60th anniversary celebrations
2225:. The Nation. March 18, 2006.
2209:"Army Commanders of Thailand"
2134:. The Nation. March 16, 2006.
2120:. The Nation. March 16, 2006.
2028:. The Nation. March 19, 2006.
1450:Asian Centre for Human Rights
852:Presidency of Rodrigo Duterte
755:violence in southern Thailand
425:UN Commission on Human Rights
327:However, critics charge that
1897:, Warren Hoge, July 22, 2005
1687:Transparency International,
1186:. The Nation. July 14, 2006.
1082:. The Nation. July 17, 2006.
1068:. The Nation. July 20, 2005.
466:Corruption Perceptions Index
318:balanced the national budget
1668:Transparency International
405:In the first three months,
305:1997 Asian financial crisis
69:
36:Thaksin Shinawatra in 2003.
3055:
2421:2008 Thai political crisis
2255:Thailand has its 'Hitlers'
805:, Privy Council President
757:. Prawit was succeeded by
562:
531:
462:Transparency International
316:in 2001 and 2002, Thaksin
310:Stock Exchange of Thailand
282:
194:Seal of the prime minister
2980:
2967:South Thailand insurgency
2534:(great-great grandfather)
2348:
701:2005 re-election campaign
610:Ministerial restructuring
565:South Thailand insurgency
559:South Thailand insurgency
182:
162:
45:
41:
29:
946:Asian Development Bank,
411:extrajudicially murdered
236:, Surapong Suebwonglee,
133:House of Representatives
2281:Real war has just begun
2039:FTA Watch Group website
1793:16 October 2007 at the
1299:extra-judicial killings
928:Vandal's dad distraught
711:February 2005 elections
450:extra-judicial killings
331:was little more than a
2718:Paetongtarn Shinawatra
2508:Paetongtarn Shinawatra
2502:Panthongtae Shinawatra
2355:
2169:on September 21, 2006.
785:Kantathi Suphamongkhon
656:
544:Asian financial crisis
454:
295:One Tambon One Product
211:
95:Second Thaksin cabinet
2471:Namesake institutions
2452:Advanced Info Service
2354:
2061:on September 6, 2004.
1647:. November 30, 2007.
1630:. November 27, 2007.
1545:Royal Jubilee Network
1331:Amnesty International
817:, Democrat spokesman
743:Chavalit Yongchaiyudh
695:Surakiart Sathirathai
668:free trade agreements
644:Shinawatra with then
643:
605:Administrative reform
445:
257:conflicts of interest
242:Surakiart Sathirathai
234:Prapat Panyachatraksa
232:, Chaturon Chaisang,
210:on September 19, 2005
208:Surakiart Sathirathai
205:
90:First Thaksin cabinet
2788:Anti-Thaksin groups
2526:Chaiyasit Shinawatra
2496:Potjaman Na Pombejra
2462:Manchester City F.C.
2380:People's Power Party
2363:Political activities
2079:on September 7, 2006
1893:The New York Times,
1608:. January 24, 2008.
1367:, February 21, 2003.
1020:- Wichit Chaitrong,
825:, and the newspaper
759:Sonthi Boonyaratglin
739:Chaiyasit Shinawatra
723:Suvarnabhumi Airport
717:Suvarnabhumi Airport
599:Pattani-Malay (Yawi)
522:One Laptop Per Child
516:first supporters of
2996:Thailand portal
2677:Yingluck Shinawatra
2514:Yingluck Shinawatra
2375:Thai Rak Thai Party
2370:Palang Dharma Party
1348:. Detailed report:
1166:"Dual-track system"
857:Philippine Drug War
707:Thai Rak Thai Party
646:President of Russia
580:Somchai Neelapaijit
518:Nicholas Negroponte
354:Healthcare policies
238:Somkid Jatusripitak
230:Prommin Lertsuridej
226:Palang Dharma Party
145:Monarch of Thailand
71:Prime Minister
3009:History portal
2626:Thaksin Shinawatra
2591:Bhumibol Adulyadej
2356:
2320:Thaksin Shinawatra
2283:, 16 February 2006
2211:. Royal Thai Army.
2104:2009-01-03 at the
2006:on January 3, 2009
1986:2006-10-12 at the
1881:2008-05-29 at the
1816:, 13 November 2006
1812:2007-07-09 at the
1774:2006-09-17 at the
1756:2001-05-26 at the
1712:2010-07-10 at the
1694:2006-09-29 at the
1675:2008-05-12 at the
1649:Drug War Chronicle
1626:2008-02-01 at the
1593:2007-10-06 at the
1586:, August 3, 2007.
1514:2009-12-06 at the
1444:2011-07-25 at the
1425:2007-09-15 at the
1404:Human Rights Watch
1365:Drug War Chronicle
1346:Human Rights Watch
1294:Human Rights Watch
1252:2006-10-31 at the
1220:2007-01-01 at the
1155:, 24 November 2006
1151:2007-09-30 at the
1131:2007-09-30 at the
1098:2008-12-17 at the
1042:2006-10-14 at the
1008:, 25 December 2006
1004:2007-01-08 at the
976:, 17 November 2006
972:2007-09-29 at the
953:2006-09-05 at the
933:2012-01-20 at the
913:2008-05-31 at the
880:The New York Times
819:Ong-art Klampaibul
811:Banjerd Singkaneti
657:
552:national champions
487:Education policies
407:Human Rights Watch
390:Anti-drug policies
246:Sudarat Keyuraphan
215:Thaksin Shinawatra
212:
77:Thaksin Shinawatra
63:Bhumibol Adulyadej
3039:Thai premierships
3016:
3015:
2689:Prayut Chan-o-cha
2660:Abhisit Vejjajiva
2655:Somchai Wongsawat
2638:Surayud Chulanont
2601:death and funeral
2541:
2540:
2520:Somchai Wongsawat
2270:, 30 January 2006
2243:on March 3, 2016.
1732:. 21 October 2008
1448:. July 18, 2005.
1256:, 14 October 2006
1102:September 5, 2004
807:Prem Tinsulanonda
653:APEC Bangkok 2003
591:Anand Panyarachun
279:Economic policies
200:
199:
173:Surayud Chulanont
16:(Redirected from
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2706:Srettha Thavisin
2650:Samak Sundaravej
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2522:(brother-in-law)
2447:Shin Corporation
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2160:"Eye on UNESCAP"
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813:compared him to
801:compared him to
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770:Jaruvan Maintaka
751:Prawit Wongsuwan
733:Other criticisms
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396:methamphetamines
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1204:on 2007-10-10.
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1172:on 2006-08-20.
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2694:first cabinet
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2431:Thaksinocracy
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2404:Controversies
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2335:First cabinet
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2100:
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2078:
2074:
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2065:
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2055:Straits Times
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2027:
2021:
2018:
2005:
2001:
1995:
1992:
1989:
1985:
1982:
1976:
1973:
1960:
1956:
1950:
1947:
1934:
1930:
1924:
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1915:
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1610:The Economist
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1530:20 March 2005
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1268:December 2004
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777:Asda Jayanama
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623:CEO-governors
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587:
583:
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541:
540:Chuan Leekpai
535:
527:
525:
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513:
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235:
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209:
204:
189:
181:
175: →
174:
169:
168:Chuan Leekpai
166:←
161:
158:
155:
153:
149:
146:
143:
137:
134:
131:
125:
122:
119:
116:
112:
109:
108:Thai Rak Thai
106:
102:
96:
93:
91:
88:
87:
85:
81:
75:
72:
68:
67:
64:
61:
57:
51:
44:
40:
33:
28:
19:
3000:
2987:
2939:2014 interim
2922:2006 interim
2630:
2426:Finland Plot
2342:Thaksinomics
2327:
2279:The Nation,
2275:
2262:
2253:The Nation,
2249:
2241:the original
2231:
2217:
2203:
2189:
2175:
2164:the original
2154:
2140:
2126:
2112:
2093:
2081:. Retrieved
2077:the original
2067:
2059:the original
2054:
2045:
2034:
2020:
2008:. Retrieved
2004:the original
1994:
1975:
1963:. Retrieved
1959:the original
1949:
1937:. Retrieved
1933:the original
1923:
1914:
1902:
1889:
1871:
1860:
1849:
1835:
1821:
1805:The Nation,
1801:
1783:
1764:
1746:
1734:. Retrieved
1729:
1720:
1702:
1683:
1664:
1655:
1648:
1640:
1631:
1616:
1609:
1601:
1584:Bangkok Post
1583:
1579:
1570:
1561:
1549:. Retrieved
1544:
1535:
1523:
1504:
1480:
1475:
1465:
1457:
1434:
1411:
1395:
1386:ICWA Letters
1384:
1372:
1364:
1356:
1341:
1326:
1314:
1306:
1297:
1293:
1284:
1273:
1261:
1245:The Nation,
1241:
1229:
1224:June 6, 2006
1210:
1202:the original
1192:
1178:
1170:the original
1160:
1144:The Nation,
1140:
1135:, 3 May 2007
1124:The Nation,
1120:
1111:The Nation,
1107:
1088:
1074:
1060:
1051:
1035:The Nation,
1031:
1021:
1013:
997:The Nation,
993:
985:World Bank,
981:
965:The Nation,
961:
942:
926:The Nation,
922:
902:
878:
837:
826:
809:and Senator
799:Prawase Wasi
796:
789:
774:
763:
736:
720:
704:
692:
688:
679:
676:
672:
665:
658:
630:
626:
617:
613:
588:
584:
568:
537:
514:
510:
506:
497:
494:
490:
482:
470:
460:
446:
439:
437:
433:
418:
415:
404:
393:
380:
372:
369:
357:
348:
345:
341:numbers game
338:
336:hand-outs."
329:Thaksinomics
326:
301:Thaksinomics
299:
288:
285:Thaksinomics
265:lÃĻse majestÃĐ
261:a free press
250:
228:, including
223:
219:
213:
140:Appointed by
128:Nominated by
47:
2665:premiership
2631:premiership
2532:Seng Saekhu
2328:Premiership
2083:December 4,
2010:December 4,
1965:December 4,
1939:December 4,
597:and making
595:Islamic law
471:A study of
291:microcredit
3023:Categories
2949:referendum
2932:referendum
2804:Red Shirts
2643:government
2510:(daughter)
2395:Red Shirts
2266:Matichon,
1632:The Nation
1571:The Nation
1023:The Nation
906:The Star,
863:References
828:The Nation
563:See also:
548:power pool
532:See also:
477:World Bank
457:Corruption
440:The Nation
283:See also:
2960:Conflicts
2821:Elections
2761:crackdown
2498:(ex-wife)
1736:23 August
1551:23 August
1547:(in Thai)
761:in 2005.
2734:Protests
2583:Monarchs
2528:(cousin)
2516:(sister)
2102:Archived
1984:Archived
1879:Archived
1810:Archived
1791:Archived
1772:Archived
1754:Archived
1710:Archived
1692:Archived
1673:Archived
1624:Archived
1591:Archived
1512:Archived
1442:Archived
1423:Archived
1333:report:
1250:Archived
1218:Archived
1149:Archived
1129:Archived
1096:Archived
1040:Archived
1002:Archived
970:Archived
951:Archived
931:Archived
911:Archived
846:See also
421:Bhumibol
253:demagogy
114:Election
2773:2020â21
2768:2013â14
2741:2005â06
2723:cabinet
2711:cabinet
2682:cabinet
2670:cabinet
2457:Thaicom
1493:2p1.pdf
1489:2p6.pdf
833:Pol Pot
576:Tak Bai
475:by the
400:Myanmar
269:treason
83:Cabinet
59:Monarch
2488:Family
815:Hitler
244:, and
2873:Coups
2504:(son)
2167:(DOC)
683:Asean
419:King
104:Party
2944:2017
2927:2007
2917:1997
2897:NCPO
2892:2014
2880:2006
2864:2023
2859:2019
2854:2014
2849:2011
2844:2007
2839:2006
2834:2005
2829:2001
2797:PDRC
2756:2010
2751:2009
2746:2008
2085:2008
2012:2008
1967:2008
1941:2008
1738:2018
1553:2018
1236:2007
803:AIDS
661:OTOP
501:Baht
152:Seat
121:2005
118:2001
2885:CNS
2809:UDD
2792:PAD
1730:BBC
1483:by
1319:.
681:UN-
651:at
520:'s
3025::
2999:âĒ
2986:âĒ
2982:â
2053:.
1728:.
1569:.
1543:.
1495:-
1363:.
1296:.
1292:.
888:^
870:^
835:.
794:.
772:.
729:.
582:.
275:.
267:,
240:,
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2305:t
2298:v
2087:.
2014:.
1969:.
1943:.
1740:.
1555:.
1499:.
1469:.
1429:.
1406:.
1388:.
20:)
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