665:
perfusion of venous blood through a cartridge on whose fibers polymyxin B is covalently fixed; in this way the antibiotic exerts its bactericidal function but is not released into the blood since it remains fully attached to the fiber. Through this perfusion the cartridge retains the endotoxin, recognized as the trigger of septic shock. The treatment of the cartridge to polymyxin B (Toraymyxin, medical device designed and produced by the
Japanese Toray), takes place in two sessions of two hours each, carried out at a distance of 24 hours.
428:
405:
49:
40:
705:
Removal of the hydrophobic tail of polymyxin B yields polymyxin nonapeptide (PMBN), which still binds to LPS, but no longer kills the bacterial cell. However, it still detectably increases the permeability of the bacterial cell wall to other antibiotics, indicating that it still causes some degree of
714:
Polymyxin B is composed of polymyxins B1, B1-I, B2, B3, and B6. Polymyxins B1 and B2 are considered major components. These related components are structurally identical with the exception of a variable fatty acid group on each fraction. Results from in vitro studies have shown marginal differences
664:
An effective use of polymyxin B is found in patients with refractory septic shock, that is, without positive outcome to the administration of standard treatments (increase in volemia and other antibiotics). The obstacle of the toxicity of polymyxin B is bypassed by extracorporeal circulation with
1602:
1595:
868:
1588:
602:
723:
Polymyxin B is also used to induce envelope stress in order to study the organisms response to such stress. Polymyxin envelope stress assays such as this have been used for the study of
2430:
134:
495:
678:
permeability by binding to a negatively charged site in the lipopolysaccharide layer, which has an electrostatic attraction for the positively charged amino groups in the
1262:
71:
1160:
Orwa JA, Govaerts C, Busson R, Roets E, Van
Schepdael A, Hoogmartens J (April 2001). "Isolation and structural characterization of polymyxin B components".
920:
578:, neurological problems, fever, itchiness, and rash. Injections into muscle may result in significant pain. Other serious side effects may include
2203:
2147:
1136:
1255:
976:
Shoji H (February 2003). "Extracorporeal endotoxin removal for the treatment of sepsis: endotoxin adsorption cartridge (Toraymyxin)".
878:
825:
682:
portion (this site normally is a binding site for calcium and magnesium counter ions); the result is a destabilized outer membrane
2425:
841:
1580:
568:
242:
214:
2410:
1248:
895:
563:. The injectable form is generally only used if other options are not available. It is also available as the combinations
1119:
Tsubery H, Ofek I, Cohen S, Fridkin M (2000-01-01). "Structure activity relationship study of polymyxin B nonapeptide".
324:
2164:
1070:"Polymyxin B as inhibitor of LPS contamination of Schistosoma mansoni recombinant proteins in human cytokine analysis"
384:
2012:
2196:
642:, respectively. The following represents MIC susceptibility data for a few medically significant microorganisms.
2420:
1641:
675:
536:
1923:
2239:
2152:
2086:
1288:
552:
107:
423:
2347:
1957:
1932:
1729:
1544:
611:
564:
353:
2108:
1844:
1740:
1735:
1019:
Khondker A, Dhaliwal AK, Saem S, Mahmood A, Fradin C, Moran-Mirabal J, Rheinstädter MC (February 2019).
548:
223:
609:. In Europe it is only approved to be applied to the skin as of 2015. It is derived from the bacterium
2415:
2244:
2189:
1860:
686:
591:
2248:
1699:
786:
724:
400:
259:
81:
373:
1808:
1001:
701:
Relative absence of selective toxicity: nonspecific for cell membranes of any type, highly toxic.
606:
89:
949:
2284:
1618:
1226:
1177:
1142:
1132:
1101:
1050:
993:
874:
821:
815:
617:
579:
250:
N-amino]butan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxobutan-2-yl]-6-methyloctanamide
61:
2079:
2029:
1292:
1216:
1208:
1169:
1124:
1091:
1081:
1040:
1032:
985:
902:
440:
2181:
950:"Polymyxin B sulfate : Susceptibility and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) Data"
333:
2259:
2103:
2039:
575:
268:
197:
427:
404:
2352:
2329:
2158:
1975:
1880:
1814:
1745:
1664:
1622:
1611:
1483:
1240:
1221:
1196:
1096:
1069:
1045:
1020:
679:
1173:
1068:
Cardoso LS, Araujo MI, Góes AM, Pacífico LG, Oliveira RR, Oliveira SC (January 2007).
2404:
2342:
2337:
2299:
2269:
2264:
2045:
1997:
1928:
1658:
1559:
1539:
1488:
1416:
1396:
989:
817:
Mandell, Douglas, and
Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases E-Book
634:
Polymyxin B has been used to treat urinary tract infections and meningitis caused by
544:
540:
416:
118:
1005:
601:
Polymyxin B was approved for medical use in the United States in 1964. It is on the
293:
2357:
2319:
2217:
2128:
2022:
1982:
1865:
1761:
1714:
1626:
1468:
1463:
1377:
1279:
1275:
364:
192:
187:
182:
177:
172:
167:
162:
157:
152:
147:
142:
1123:. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Vol. 479. pp. 219–222.
2234:
2060:
1948:
1870:
1674:
1549:
1524:
1473:
1434:
1325:
1315:
1310:
1271:
595:
583:
556:
126:
122:
1021:"Membrane charge and lipid packing determine polymyxin-induced membrane damage"
2371:
2289:
2279:
2274:
2254:
2133:
2123:
2118:
2055:
2050:
2007:
2002:
1992:
1953:
1782:
1755:
1719:
1615:
1554:
1519:
1514:
1504:
1454:
1444:
1406:
1401:
1335:
1330:
1320:
1305:
1195:
Hébrard M, Kröger C, Srikumar S, Colgan A, Händler K, Hinton JC (April 2012).
1036:
524:
520:
476:
1128:
896:"World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019"
2389:
2379:
2367:
2314:
2304:
2226:
2213:
1938:
1913:
1855:
1827:
1798:
1792:
1776:
1766:
1709:
1684:
1679:
1564:
1534:
1529:
1509:
1478:
1429:
1387:
1345:
1300:
740:
696:
587:
528:
75:
31:
1230:
1181:
1146:
1105:
1054:
997:
17:
1086:
48:
39:
2294:
1987:
1908:
1897:
1893:
1835:
1694:
1689:
1669:
1569:
1439:
1424:
1353:
304:
906:
313:
2384:
1903:
1840:
1368:
560:
279:
114:
1212:
1884:
1850:
745:
532:
344:
1197:"sRNAs and the virulence of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium"
2113:
692:
Leakage of cellular molecules, inhibition of cellular respiration
2185:
1584:
1244:
590:
is safe for the baby. Polymyxin B works by breaking down the
870:
Pharmacotherapeutics For
Advanced Practice Nurse Prescribers
389:
787:"Polymyxin B Sulfate topical Monograph for Professionals"
1121:
The
Biology and Pathology of Innate Immunity Mechanisms
603:
502:
685:
Fatty acid portion dissolves in hydrophobic region of
574:
Common side effects when given by injection include
2366:
2328:
2225:
2096:
2071:
1967:
1879:
1825:
1650:
1634:
1497:
1453:
1415:
1386:
1367:
1344:
1287:
814:Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, Mandell GL (2009).
586:, and muscle weakness. It is unclear if use during
475:
439:
434:
415:
383:
363:
343:
323:
303:
278:
258:
233:
213:
208:
133:
106:
88:
70:
60:
55:
292:
267:
2431:World Health Organization essential medicines
2197:
1596:
1256:
8:
842:"Neomycin, bacitracin, polymyxin b ointment"
372:
30:
781:
196:
2204:
2190:
2182:
1603:
1589:
1581:
1263:
1249:
1241:
779:
777:
775:
773:
771:
769:
767:
765:
763:
761:
715:in MIC data when comparing the fractions.
426:
403:
47:
38:
1220:
1095:
1085:
1044:
820:. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 469.
809:
807:
332:
757:
399:
312:
247:
417:
29:
352:
80:
7:
186:
176:
166:
156:
146:
1968:Intestinal anti-inflammatory agents
894:Organization, World Health (2019).
848:. U.S. National Library of Medicine
283:
978:Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis
25:
2025:agents, excluding corticosteroids
543:infections, it is not useful for
990:10.1046/j.1526-0968.2003.00005.x
457:
451:
2212:Drugs used for diseases of the
689:and disrupts membrane integrity
569:neomycin/polymyxin B/bacitracin
547:infections. It can be given by
539:. While it is useful for many
469:
463:
445:
1:
2072:Antidiarrheal micro-organisms
1174:10.1016/S0021-9673(01)00585-4
901:. World Health Organization.
867:Woo TM, Robinson MV (2015).
515:, sold under the brand name
1162:Journal of Chromatography A
930:. European Medicines Agency
873:. F.A. Davis. p. 651.
594:which generally results in
2447:
1914:Camphorated opium tincture
1651:Intestinal anti-infectives
921:"Polymyxin-based products"
706:membrane disorganization.
630:Spectrum of susceptibility
435:Chemical and physical data
2142:
1037:10.1038/s42003-019-0297-6
492:
238:
46:
37:
1847:, known as Pepto-Bismol)
1642:Oral rehydration therapy
1129:10.1007/0-306-46831-X_18
1074:Microbial Cell Factories
676:bacterial outer membrane
537:urinary tract infections
2426:Polypeptide antibiotics
2240:Aluminium acetotartrate
2087:Saccharomyces boulardii
605:. It is available as a
2348:Fluocinolone acetonide
1025:Communications Biology
695:Binds and inactivates
653:Pseudomonas aeruginosa
647:Haemophilus influenzae
640:Haemophilus influenzae
636:Pseudomonas aeruginosa
612:Paenibacillus polymyxa
565:bacitracin/polymyxin B
2411:Polymyxin antibiotics
2109:Bismuth subsalicylate
1845:bismuth subsalicylate
1741:Succinylsulfathiazole
1736:Phthalylsulfathiazole
1087:10.1186/1475-2859-6-1
571:for use on the skin.
549:injection into a vein
27:Antibiotic medication
2245:Aluminium triacetate
2097:Other antidiarrheals
1498:Other antibacterials
727:(sRNA) responses in
719:Research application
687:cytoplasmic membrane
660:Endotoxin adsorption
596:bacterial cell death
592:cytoplasmic membrane
519:among others, is an
1946:does not cross BBB:
729:Salmonella enterica
710:Mixture composition
669:Mechanism of action
655:: 0.25–1 μg/mL
615:(formerly known as
557:cerebrospinal fluid
34:
2169:Never to phase III
607:generic medication
2398:
2397:
2285:Hydrogen peroxide
2179:
2178:
1619:anti-inflammatory
1578:
1577:
1293:Lipoglycopeptides
1213:10.4161/rna.20480
1138:978-0-306-46409-6
928:Assessment report
649:: ≥0.8 μg/mL
618:Bacillus polymyxa
580:fungal infections
510:
509:
385:CompTox Dashboard
222:In general:
16:(Redirected from
2438:
2249:Burow's solution
2206:
2199:
2192:
2183:
2080:Escherichia coli
2040:Aminosalicylates
2030:Cromoglicic acid
1605:
1598:
1591:
1582:
1265:
1258:
1251:
1242:
1235:
1234:
1224:
1192:
1186:
1185:
1157:
1151:
1150:
1116:
1110:
1109:
1099:
1089:
1065:
1059:
1058:
1048:
1016:
1010:
1009:
973:
967:
966:
964:
963:
954:
946:
940:
939:
937:
935:
925:
917:
911:
910:
900:
891:
885:
884:
864:
858:
857:
855:
853:
838:
832:
831:
811:
802:
801:
799:
797:
783:
506:
505:
498:
487:
485:
471:
465:
459:
453:
447:
430:
419:
408:
407:
393:
391:
376:
356:
336:
316:
296:
286:
285:
271:
224:Over-the-counter
200:
190:
180:
170:
160:
150:
84:
51:
42:
35:
33:
21:
2446:
2445:
2441:
2440:
2439:
2437:
2436:
2435:
2421:Cyclic peptides
2401:
2400:
2399:
2394:
2362:
2330:Corticosteroids
2324:
2260:Chloramphenicol
2221:
2210:
2180:
2175:
2174:
2159:Clinical trials
2138:
2104:Albumin tannate
2092:
2067:
1976:corticosteroids
1963:
1881:Antipropulsives
1875:
1821:
1646:
1630:
1609:
1579:
1574:
1493:
1449:
1411:
1382:
1363:
1340:
1291:
1283:
1269:
1239:
1238:
1194:
1193:
1189:
1159:
1158:
1154:
1139:
1118:
1117:
1113:
1067:
1066:
1062:
1018:
1017:
1013:
975:
974:
970:
961:
959:
952:
948:
947:
943:
933:
931:
923:
919:
918:
914:
898:
893:
892:
888:
881:
866:
865:
861:
851:
849:
840:
839:
835:
828:
813:
812:
805:
795:
793:
785:
784:
759:
754:
737:
721:
712:
671:
662:
632:
627:
576:kidney problems
501:
499:
496:(what is this?)
493:
483:
481:
468:
462:
456:
450:
411:
387:
379:
359:
339:
319:
299:
282:
274:
254:
251:
246:
245:
229:
204:
109:
102:
91:
66:Poly-Rx, others
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2444:
2442:
2434:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2403:
2402:
2396:
2395:
2393:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2376:
2374:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2360:
2355:
2353:Hydrocortisone
2350:
2345:
2340:
2334:
2332:
2326:
2325:
2323:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2242:
2237:
2231:
2229:
2223:
2222:
2211:
2209:
2208:
2201:
2194:
2186:
2177:
2176:
2173:
2172:
2171:
2170:
2167:
2156:
2150:
2144:
2143:
2140:
2139:
2137:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2100:
2098:
2094:
2093:
2091:
2090:
2083:
2075:
2073:
2069:
2068:
2066:
2065:
2064:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2035:
2034:
2033:
2032:
2018:
2017:
2016:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1988:Hydrocortisone
1985:
1978:acting locally
1971:
1969:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1961:
1951:
1942:
1941:
1936:
1918:
1917:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1894:Opium tincture
1890:
1888:
1877:
1876:
1874:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1838:
1832:
1830:
1823:
1822:
1820:
1819:
1818:
1817:
1815:Broxyquinoline
1804:
1803:
1802:
1801:
1788:
1787:
1786:
1785:
1772:
1771:
1770:
1769:
1764:
1751:
1750:
1749:
1748:
1746:Sulfaguanidine
1743:
1738:
1725:
1724:
1723:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1665:Amphotericin B
1654:
1652:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1644:
1638:
1636:
1632:
1631:
1623:anti-infective
1612:Antidiarrheals
1610:
1608:
1607:
1600:
1593:
1585:
1576:
1575:
1573:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1501:
1499:
1495:
1494:
1492:
1491:
1486:
1484:Nitrofurantoin
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1460:
1458:
1451:
1450:
1448:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1421:
1419:
1417:Pleuromutilins
1413:
1412:
1410:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1393:
1391:
1384:
1383:
1381:
1380:
1374:
1372:
1371:antibacterials
1365:
1364:
1362:
1361:
1356:
1350:
1348:
1342:
1341:
1339:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1297:
1295:
1285:
1284:
1272:Antibacterials
1270:
1268:
1267:
1260:
1253:
1245:
1237:
1236:
1207:(4): 437–445.
1187:
1168:(2): 369–373.
1152:
1137:
1111:
1060:
1011:
984:(1): 108–114.
968:
941:
912:
886:
879:
859:
833:
826:
803:
756:
755:
753:
750:
749:
748:
743:
736:
733:
720:
717:
711:
708:
703:
702:
699:
693:
690:
683:
680:cyclic peptide
670:
667:
661:
658:
657:
656:
650:
631:
628:
626:
623:
523:used to treat
508:
507:
490:
489:
479:
473:
472:
466:
460:
454:
448:
443:
437:
436:
432:
431:
421:
413:
412:
410:
409:
396:
394:
381:
380:
378:
377:
369:
367:
361:
360:
358:
357:
349:
347:
341:
340:
338:
337:
329:
327:
321:
320:
318:
317:
309:
307:
301:
300:
298:
297:
289:
287:
276:
275:
273:
272:
264:
262:
256:
255:
253:
252:
249:
241:
240:
239:
236:
235:
231:
230:
228:
227:
219:
217:
211:
210:
206:
205:
203:
202:
139:
137:
131:
130:
112:
110:administration
104:
103:
101:
100:
96:
94:
86:
85:
78:
68:
67:
64:
58:
57:
53:
52:
44:
43:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2443:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2408:
2406:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2377:
2375:
2373:
2369:
2365:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2343:Dexamethasone
2341:
2339:
2338:Betamethasone
2336:
2335:
2333:
2331:
2327:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2300:Nitrofurazone
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2270:Ciprofloxacin
2268:
2266:
2265:Chlorhexidine
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2250:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2232:
2230:
2228:
2224:
2219:
2215:
2207:
2202:
2200:
2195:
2193:
2188:
2187:
2184:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2145:
2141:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2101:
2099:
2095:
2089:
2088:
2084:
2082:
2081:
2077:
2076:
2074:
2070:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2046:Sulfasalazine
2044:
2043:
2042:
2041:
2037:
2036:
2031:
2028:
2027:
2026:
2024:
2020:
2019:
2014:
2013:Beclometasone
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1998:Betamethasone
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1980:
1979:
1977:
1973:
1972:
1970:
1966:
1959:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1944:
1943:
1940:
1937:
1934:
1930:
1929:Diphenoxylate
1927:
1925:
1920:
1919:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1899:
1895:
1892:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
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1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
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1831:
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1816:
1813:
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1811:
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1806:
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1800:
1797:
1796:
1795:
1794:
1790:
1789:
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1779:
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1774:
1773:
1768:
1765:
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1760:
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1757:
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1734:
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1727:
1726:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
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1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1662:
1661:
1660:
1656:
1655:
1653:
1649:
1643:
1640:
1639:
1637:
1633:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1617:
1613:
1606:
1601:
1599:
1594:
1592:
1587:
1586:
1583:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1560:Spectinomycin
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1540:Mandelic acid
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1502:
1500:
1496:
1490:
1489:Nitrofurazone
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1452:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1414:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1397:Metronidazole
1395:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1385:
1379:
1376:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1366:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1351:
1349:
1347:
1343:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1290:
1289:Glycopeptides
1286:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1266:
1261:
1259:
1254:
1252:
1247:
1246:
1243:
1232:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1191:
1188:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1156:
1153:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1115:
1112:
1107:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1064:
1061:
1056:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1015:
1012:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
983:
979:
972:
969:
958:
951:
945:
942:
929:
922:
916:
913:
908:
904:
897:
890:
887:
882:
880:9780803645813
876:
872:
871:
863:
860:
847:
843:
837:
834:
829:
827:9781437720600
823:
819:
818:
810:
808:
804:
792:
788:
782:
780:
778:
776:
774:
772:
770:
768:
766:
764:
762:
758:
751:
747:
744:
742:
739:
738:
734:
732:
730:
726:
718:
716:
709:
707:
700:
698:
694:
691:
688:
684:
681:
677:
673:
672:
668:
666:
659:
654:
651:
648:
645:
644:
643:
641:
637:
629:
624:
622:
620:
619:
614:
613:
608:
604:
599:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
572:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
545:Gram positive
542:
541:Gram negative
538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
504:
497:
491:
480:
478:
474:
444:
442:
438:
433:
429:
425:
422:
420:
418:ECHA InfoCard
414:
406:
402:
401:DTXSID5045839
398:
397:
395:
386:
382:
375:
371:
370:
368:
366:
362:
355:
354:ChEMBL1201283
351:
350:
348:
346:
342:
335:
331:
330:
328:
326:
322:
315:
311:
310:
308:
306:
302:
295:
291:
290:
288:
281:
277:
270:
266:
265:
263:
261:
257:
248:
244:
237:
232:
225:
221:
220:
218:
216:
212:
207:
199:
194:
189:
184:
179:
174:
169:
164:
159:
154:
149:
144:
141:
140:
138:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
119:intramuscular
116:
113:
111:
105:
98:
97:
95:
93:
87:
83:
79:
77:
73:
69:
65:
63:
59:
56:Clinical data
54:
50:
45:
41:
36:
19:
2358:Prednisolone
2320:Tetracycline
2309:
2129:Racecadotril
2085:
2078:
2038:
2023:antiallergic
2021:
1983:Prednisolone
1974:
1958:+simethicone
1945:
1921:
1861:Crospovidone
1809:Oxyquinoline
1807:
1791:
1775:
1762:Nifuroxazide
1754:
1730:Sulfonamides
1728:
1715:Streptomycin
1704:
1657:
1469:Nifuroxazide
1464:Furazolidone
1378:Fusidic acid
1358:
1204:
1200:
1190:
1165:
1161:
1155:
1120:
1114:
1077:
1073:
1063:
1028:
1024:
1014:
981:
977:
971:
960:. Retrieved
956:
944:
932:. Retrieved
927:
915:
907:10665/325771
889:
869:
862:
850:. Retrieved
845:
836:
816:
794:. Retrieved
790:
728:
722:
713:
704:
663:
652:
646:
639:
635:
633:
625:Medical uses
616:
610:
600:
573:
516:
512:
511:
500:
494:
365:NIAID ChemDB
215:Legal status
209:Legal status
2416:Otologicals
2372:anesthetics
2310:Polymyxin B
2235:Acetic acid
2155:from market
2061:Balsalazide
1949:Eluxadoline
1916:(paregoric)
1871:Diosmectite
1866:Attapulgite
1843:(including
1826:Intestinal
1705:Polymyxin B
1700:Paromomycin
1675:Fidaxomicin
1659:Antibiotics
1635:Rehydration
1550:Nitroxoline
1545:Methenamine
1525:Furaltadone
1474:Nifurtoinol
1457:derivatives
1435:Retapamulin
1390:derivatives
1359:Polymyxin B
1326:Teicoplanin
1316:Oritavancin
1311:Dalbavancin
1201:RNA Biology
934:11 November
796:11 November
584:anaphylaxis
513:Polymyxin B
488: g·mol
424:100.014.340
234:Identifiers
129:, eye drops
127:intrathecal
123:intravenous
62:Trade names
32:Polymyxin B
18:Polymyxin b
2405:Categories
2368:Analgesics
2290:Miconazole
2280:Gentamicin
2275:Clioquinol
2255:Boric acid
2134:Kaopectate
2124:Octreotide
2119:Crofelemer
2056:Olsalazine
2051:Mesalazine
2008:Budesonide
2003:Tixocortol
1993:Prednisone
1954:Loperamide
1828:adsorbents
1783:Miconazole
1756:Nitrofuran
1720:Vancomycin
1616:intestinal
1555:Novobiocin
1520:Fosfomycin
1515:Daptomycin
1505:Bacitracin
1455:Nitrofuran
1445:Valnemulin
1407:Tinidazole
1402:Ornidazole
1346:Polymyxins
1336:Vancomycin
1331:Telavancin
1321:Ristocetin
1306:Corbomycin
1274:: others (
962:2017-04-02
957:Toku-e.com
752:References
525:meningitis
521:antibiotic
477:Molar mass
334:19371312D4
260:CAS Number
243:IUPAC name
2390:Phenazone
2380:Lidocaine
2315:Rifamycin
2305:Ofloxacin
2227:Infection
2165:Phase III
2153:Withdrawn
2114:Ceratonia
1939:Difenoxin
1933:+atropine
1799:Acetarsol
1793:Arsenical
1777:Imidazole
1767:Nifurzide
1710:Rifaximin
1685:Natamycin
1680:Kanamycin
1565:Tedizolid
1535:Linezolid
1530:Lefamulin
1510:Clofoctol
1479:Nifurzide
1430:Lefamulin
1388:Imidazole
1301:Avoparcin
791:Drugs.com
741:Polymyxin
725:small RNA
697:endotoxin
588:pregnancy
529:pneumonia
269:1405-20-5
108:Routes of
90:Pregnancy
82:Monograph
76:Drugs.com
2295:Neomycin
1922:crosses
1909:Morphine
1898:laudanum
1836:Charcoal
1695:Nystatin
1690:Neomycin
1670:Colistin
1625:agents (
1570:Xibornol
1440:Tiamulin
1425:Azamulin
1354:Colistin
1231:22546935
1182:11330807
1147:10897422
1106:17201926
1055:30793045
1006:41911308
998:12921125
852:19 April
846:DailyMed
735:See also
503:(verify)
305:DrugBank
193:QJ51XB02
135:ATC code
92:category
2385:Cocaine
1904:Codeine
1885:opioids
1841:Bismuth
1369:Steroid
1222:3384567
1097:1766364
1046:6379423
674:Alters
561:inhaled
517:Poly-Rx
441:Formula
314:DB00781
294:5702105
280:PubChem
195: (
185: (
183:S03AA03
175: (
173:S02AA11
165: (
163:S01AA18
155: (
153:J01XB02
151:)
145: (
143:A07AA05
115:Topical
2148:WHO-EM
1856:Kaolin
1851:Pectin
1229:
1219:
1180:
1145:
1135:
1104:
1094:
1053:
1043:
1031:: 67.
1004:
996:
877:
824:
746:SPR741
553:muscle
535:, and
533:sepsis
374:007797
345:ChEMBL
1280:D06AX
1080:: 1.
1002:S2CID
953:(PDF)
924:(PDF)
899:(PDF)
555:, or
226:(OTC)
2370:and
1621:and
1276:J01X
1227:PMID
1178:PMID
1143:PMID
1133:ISBN
1102:PMID
1051:PMID
994:PMID
936:2019
875:ISBN
854:2019
822:ISBN
798:2019
638:and
567:and
325:UNII
72:AHFS
2218:S02
2214:ear
1924:BBB
1627:A07
1217:PMC
1209:doi
1170:doi
1166:912
1125:doi
1092:PMC
1082:doi
1041:PMC
1033:doi
986:doi
903:hdl
621:).
559:or
486:.57
484:301
455:100
390:EPA
284:CID
198:WHO
188:WHO
178:WHO
168:WHO
158:WHO
148:WHO
2407::
2161::
1614:,
1278:,
1225:.
1215:.
1203:.
1199:.
1176:.
1164:.
1141:.
1131:.
1100:.
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1072:.
1049:.
1039:.
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1000:.
992:.
980:.
955:.
926:.
844:.
806:^
789:.
760:^
731:.
598:.
582:,
551:,
531:,
527:,
467:17
461:16
449:56
191:)
181:)
171:)
161:)
125:,
121:,
117:,
2251:)
2247:(
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2216:(
2205:e
2198:t
2191:v
1960:)
1956:(
1935:)
1931:(
1926::
1900:)
1896:(
1887:)
1883:(
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1172::
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1127::
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905::
883:.
856:.
830:.
800:.
482:1
470:S
464:O
458:N
452:H
446:C
392:)
388:(
201:)
99:B
74:/
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
