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Pornography addiction

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use disorders. Other excessive behavioral patterns, such as Internet gaming, have also been described, but the research on these and other behavioral syndromes is less clear. Thus, groups of repetitive behaviors, which some term behavioral addictions, with such subcategories as "sex addiction," "exercise addiction," or "shopping addiction," are not included because at this time there is insufficient peer-reviewed evidence to establish the diagnostic criteria and course descriptions needed to identify these behaviors as mental disorders. ... Excessive use of the Internet not involving playing of online games (e.g., excessive use of social media, such as Facebook; viewing pornography online) is not considered analogous to Internet gaming disorder, and future research on other excessive uses of the Internet would need to follow similar guidelines as suggested herein. Excessive gambling online may qualify for a separate diagnosis of gambling disorder.

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pornography influences social norms as well as individuals’ behavior, and what we can do to address that influence if it is harmful. It is also important to be aware that framing pornography as a public health issue has been used as a rhetorical trick by right-wing groups to promote a conservative social agenda at odds with public health goals. Public health professionals should sponsor rigorous research on the possible negative effects of pornography on society and individuals, counter misinformation, and use evidence to move forward with policy decisions.

421:, or both, to manage online pornography use. Sex researcher Alvin Cooper and colleagues suggested several reasons for using filters as a therapeutic measure, including curbing accessibility that facilitates problematic behavior and encouraging clients to develop coping and relapse prevention strategies. Cognitive therapist Mary Anne Layden suggested that filters may be useful in maintaining environmental control. Internet behavior researcher David Delmonico stated that, despite their limitations, filters may serve as a "frontline of protection." 283:

health disorder, and does not find the sexual addiction training and treatment methods and educational pedagogies to be adequately informed by accurate human sexuality knowledge. Therefore, it is the position of AASECT that linking problems related to sexual urges, thoughts or behaviors to a porn/sexual addiction process cannot be advanced by AASECT as a standard of practice for sexuality education delivery, counseling or therapy."

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is not an endorsement of the concept of pornography addiction. ICD also specifically excludes anyone from this diagnosis whose distress is due to moral conflict alone, yet moral incongruence is the strongest predictor of believing one is addicted to porn. Note that two studies now contradict this, finding that narcissism, especially antagonist narcissism, predicts identification as a pornography addict.

6924: 6914: 955: 1086:(DSM) for lack of empirical support and lack of consensus as to definition. (CSBD), has been included in the International Classification of Diseases, 11th edition (ICD-11), under impulse control disorders rather than as an addiction disorder. CSBD has significant differences from substance use disorders (SUD) 2149:

In addition to the substance-related disorders, this chapter also includes gambling disorder, reflecting evidence that gambling behaviors activate reward systems similar to those activated by drugs of abuse and produce some behavioral symptoms that appear comparable to those produced by the substance

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AASECT 1) does not find sufficient empirical evidence to support the classification of sex addiction or porn addiction as a mental health disorder, and 2) does not find the sexual addiction training and treatment methods and educational pedagogies to be adequately informed by accurate human sexuality

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However, ICD-11 does include the "Compulsive sexual behaviour disorder" (CSBD) in the "impulse control disorders" section. It is defined as "a persistent pattern of failure to control intense, repetitive sexual impulses or urges resulting in repetitive sexual behaviour." David J. Ley argued that that

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Given that we do not yet have definitive information on whether the processes involved in the onset and maintenance of the disorder are equivalent to substance abuse disorders, gambling, and gaming (Kraus et al. 2016), CSBD is not included in the grouping of disorders due to substance and addictive

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of Australians researched distress about sex video use. It found that of 10,131 women surveyed, 0.5% of women agreed with the statement that they were "addicted" to pornography; 1.2% (of 4,218 who viewed) when limited to women who say they viewed sex films. The comparable figure limiting to men who

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In November 2016, the American Association of Sexuality Educators, Counselors and Therapists (AASECT) issued a position statement on sex/porn addiction which states that AASECT "does not find sufficient empirical evidence to support the classification of sex addiction or porn addiction as a mental

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Excessive use of the Internet not involving playing of online games (e.g., excessive use of social media, such as Facebook; viewing pornography online) is not considered analogous to Internet gaming disorder, and future research on other excessive uses of the Internet would need to follow similar

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In addition to the substance-related disorders, this chapter also includes gambling disorder, reflecting evidence that gambling behaviors activate reward systems similar to those activated by drugs of abuse and that produce some behavioral symptoms that appear comparable to those produced by the

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A 2019 study found that the average frequency of use for those self-describing as addicted to porn was about ten times per year. The study found this identification correlated with male gender, higher frequency of use, and belief that pornography was morally wrong (whether for religious or other

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When the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) was being drafted, experts considered a proposed diagnostic addiction called hypersexual disorder, which also included a pornography subtype. But in the end, reviewers determined that there wasn't enough

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includes pornography as a subtype of this disorder. It included such criteria as time consumed by sexual activity interfering with obligations, repetitive engagement in sexual activity in response to stress, repeated failed attempts to reduce these behaviors, and distress or impairment of life

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A number of studies have found neurological markers of addiction in internet porn users, which is consistent with a large body of research finding similar markers in other kinds of problematic internet users. Yet other studies found that critical biomarkers of addiction were missing, and most

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Sexual violence, partner violence, anxiety, depression, compulsive pornography use, and commercial sexual exploitation are public health problems, and there is a possibility that pornography exacerbates these problems. Given that possibility, we need to know more about whether, how, and why

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Svedin et. al. found that a moderate consumption of pornography is associated with good mental health in boys, while both extremes (too much or too few) were worse off. Watching deviant (non-mainstream) pornography was associated with worse mental health in boys, but girls were unaffected.

606:, is a non-legislative organization which claims to seek to inform and educate individuals regarding pornography usage with science and personal stories. It is aimed at the youth demographic. There is also a PornFree reddit group which focuses on giving up porn rather than masturbation. 3413: 361:

However, pornography addiction is not presently considered a diagnosable condition according to the DSM. Alternatives to the DSM, such as the ICD-11, also have not subscribed to the addiction model for pornography, though they recognize that people may become compulsive about its

3143:(with subcategories such as "sex addiction," "exercise addiction," and "shopping addiction"), are not included because there is insufficient peer-reviewed evidence to establish the diagnostic criteria and course descriptions needed to identify these behaviors as mental disorders. 180:, possibly suggestive of desensitization. ASAMs position is inconsistent with the American Association of Sex Educators, Counselors, and Therapists, who cite lack of strong evidence for such classification, describing ASAM as not informed by "accurate human sexuality knowledge". 3139:

substance use disorders. Other excessive behavioral patterns, such as Internet gaming (see "Conditions for Further Study"), have also been described, but the research on these and other behavioral syndromes is less clear. Thus, groups of repetitive behaviors, sometimes termed

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talked about his long-standing pornography addiction, which he said had seriously affected his marriage and life and which he was able to overcome only after entering rehab in 2009. He now takes an active role in speaking out about pornography addiction and its impact.

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have contended that traditional Christian concerns over combating sexual thoughts, desires, and activities, including masturbation, can be seen as unhealthy and unwholesome. This may also apply to secular advocacy of anti-pornography and anti-masturbation, including 16

345:" but use the model of compulsion rather than addiction. Addiction and compulsion are models of mental disorders which cancel each other out, the term "addiction" being deprecated, but ICD-11 does not support the existence of "porn addiction"/"sex addiction". 375:

A 2022 book by McKee, Litsou, Byron, and Ingham casts serious doubts upon the model of "porn addiction", suggesting that sexual shame should be blamed, instead of pornography. They note that much of the research on the effects of pornography often confuses

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view sex films was 4.4%. This was without any clinical screening that should eliminate primary disorders (e.g., depression) or religious-based concerns, so these should be considered high-end estimates for potential disorders, if any exist.

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Grant, Jon E.; Atmaca, Murad; Fineberg, Naomi A.; Fontenelle, Leonardo F.; Matsunaga, Hisato; Janardhan Reddy, Y. C.; Simpson, Helen Blair; Thomsen, Per Hove; van den Heuvel, Odile A.; Veale, David; Woods, Douglas W.; Stein, Dan J. (2014).

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do not exist for pornography addiction or problematic pornography viewing. Pornography addiction is often defined operationally by the frequency of pornography viewing and negative consequences. The only diagnostic criteria for a

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and his wife Malaak Compton divorced after 20 years of marriage, which Rock attributed to his infidelity and pornography addiction. He later discussed the details of his pornography addiction in his 2018 stand-up comedy special

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functioning. A study on problematic Internet pornography viewing used the criteria of viewing Internet pornography more than three times a week during some weeks, and viewing causing difficulty in general life functioning.

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is a Christian inter-denominational twelve-step program with about 35,000 available groups and is open to any person who is struggling with life's bad habits, hurts, and hang-ups. Celebrate Recovery was started in 1991 at

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The overwhelming majority of all websites and YouTube channels devoted to anti-masturbation and anti-porn addiction propaganda, channels and websites supporting NoFap included, are, according to various sources, owned by

821:, stated in 2021 that "the professional public health community is not behind the recent push to declare pornography a public health crisis". The ideas supporting the "crisis" have been described as pseudoscientific. 2414:

Prause, Nicole; Steele, Vaughn R.; Staley, Cameron; Sabatinelli, Dean; Hajcak, Greg (2015). "Modulation of late positive potentials by sexual images in problem users and controls inconsistent with 'porn addiction'".

1047:'Sex addiction' is also referred to as a diagnosis or presenting problem. Sex addiction is not a diagnosis in the DSM-5-TR and identified as Compulsive Sexual Behavior in the ICD-11 rather than an issue of addiction. 854:, in which the protagonist is addicted to pornography. In an interview to promote the film, Gordon-Levitt discussed what he referred to as the "fundamental difference between a human being and an image on a screen". 3166: 987: 4035: 531:(SCA) are fellowships of men and women who share their experience, strength and hope with each other so they may overcome their common problem and help others recover from addiction or dependency by using the 2330:"Integrating psychological and neurobiological considerations regarding the development and maintenance of specific Internet-use disorders: An Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model" 6626: 2791:

Grubbs, Joshua B.; Tahk, Regina; Fernandez, David P.; Fernandez, Elaine F.; Ley, David (2023). "Pornography and Pride: Antagonism drives links between narcissism and perceived addiction to pornography".

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ICD-11 has added pornography to CSBD. However, this is categorized as an impulse control disorder, not an addictive disorder. It has been argued that the CSBD diagnosis is not based upon sex research.

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Grubbs, Joshua B.; Perry, Samuel L.; Wilt, Joshua A.; Reid, Rory C. (2018-08-03). "Pornography Problems Due to Moral Incongruence: An Integrative Model with a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis".

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Grubbs, Joshua B.; Perry, Samuel L.; Wilt, Joshua A.; Reid, Rory C. (2018-08-03). "Pornography Problems Due to Moral Incongruence: An Integrative Model with a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis".

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The repeated cross-sectional surveys did not find any consistent associations across years between poor mental health and ever having watched pornography or the frequency of watching pornography.

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showed a correlation between a person being religious and perceiving themself as having a pornography addiction, possibly due to people using pornography despite their religion prohibiting it.

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Studies of those with non-paraphilic expressions of hypersexuality have hypothesized that various mood disorders, as defined in the DSM, may occur more frequently in sexually compulsive men.

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is not applied as a diagnostic term in this classification, although it is in common usage in many countries to describe severe problems related to compulsive and habitual use of substances.

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Rissel, C; Richters, J.; de Visser, R.; McKee, A.; Yeung, A. (2017). "A profile of pornography users in Australia: Findings from the second Australian study of health and relationships".

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that is problematic for an individual due to personal or social reasons, including the excessive time spent viewing pornography instead of interacting with others and the facilitation of

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Porn addiction is not a diagnosis in DSM-5 (or any previous version). "Viewing pornography online" is mentioned verbatim in the DSM-5, but it is not considered a mental disorder either.

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Gola, Mateusz; Wordecha, Małgorzata; Sescousse, Guillaume; Lew-Starowicz, Michał; Kossowski, Bartosz; Wypych, Marek; Makeig, Scott; Potenza, Marc N.; Marchewka, Artur (September 2017).

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are characterized by a "sexual exceptionalism" related to their consumption of pornography due to certain pervasive beliefs within the Conservative Protestant subculture, which entails

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Proposals for two constructs related to compulsive sexual behaviors , sexual addiction and hypersexual disorder, have been repeatedly rejected from inclusion in recent editions of the

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consequences. Diagnostic criteria have been proposed for other behavioral addictions, and these are usually also based on established diagnoses for substance abuse and dependence.

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since the 2000s, psychopathological models and diagnostic criteria have lacked consensus, and the body of evidence on the effectiveness of therapeutic approaches is still scarce.

288: 304:, appears in the conditions proposed for further study in DSM-5. Psychiatrists cited a lack of research support for refusing to include other behavioral disorders at this time. 5732: 3664:

Grubbs, J. B.; Grant, J. T.; Engelman, J. (2018). "Self-identification as a pornography addict: examining the roles of pornography use, religiousness, and moral incongruence".

764:, and declared that "Protestant men today who attend church regularly are basically the only men in America still resisting the cultural norm of regularized pornography use". 470:. One 2000 study of a convenience sample of 9,265 people found that 1% of Internet users have concerns about their Internet use and 17% of users meet criteria for problematic 5126: 268:

It is worth considering whether the apparent epidemic of self-diagnosed pornography addicts seeking help today perhaps represents the ready uptake of a relatively new way to

264:, has been hotly contested. Furthermore, research suggests that the use of a pornography addiction label may indicate a socially (as opposed to clinically) driven nosology. 3308: 4983: 3835: 4027: 1261:... materials in ICD-11 make very clear that CSBD is not intended to be interchangeable with sex addiction, but rather is a substantially different diagnostic framework 6389: 6948: 6434: 6363: 656: 603: 814:(published in 2013), and DSM-5-TR, published in March 2022, does not recognize a diagnosis of sexual addiction (which would include internet pornography viewing). 214:

in men for cues predicting erotic but not monetary rewards and cues signaling erotic pictures, therefore suggesting similarities between pornography addiction and

6368: 660: 4805: 5013: 6667: 6662: 5752: 4375: 4176: 4057: 4900: 3866: 6733: 87:, career loss, decreased productivity, or financial consequences as a result of their excessive Internet pornography viewing impeding their social life. 2369:

Kühn, S.; Gallinat, J. (2016-01-01). Zahr, Natalie M.; Peterson, Eric T. (eds.). "Neurobiological Basis of Hypersexuality. Imaging the Addicted Brain".

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Rosenberg, Matthew (1999). “Understanding, Assessing, and Treating Sexual Offenders: Tools for the Therapist, downloadable version on stopoffending.com

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DSM-5-TR, published in March 2022, does not recognize a diagnosis of sexual addiction/compulsion (which would include internet pornography viewing).

6616: 4480: 482:. A survey of 84 college-age males found that 20–60% of a sample of college-age males who use pornography found it to be problematic. Research on 6373: 2669: 912: 157: 1469: 190:

on pornography addiction conducted between 2015 and 2021 have concluded that most studies have been focused entirely or almost exclusively on

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Pornography use has also been associated to many issues with Sexual Satisfaction, Marital Quality, and Gender Violence. These are detailed in

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Cooper, Alvin; Putnam, Dana E.; Planchon, Lynn A.; Boies, Sylvain C. (1999). "Online sexual compulsivity: Getting tangled in the net".

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statistical data collected by Perry demonstrate that the consumption of pornography in the United States is significantly lower among

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Taylor, K.; Jackson, S. (2018). "'I want that power back': Discourses of masculinity within an online pornography abstinence forum".

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settings, and the findings are contradicting. Some researchers support the idea that pornography addiction qualifies as a form of

5870: 5737: 3826: 3305: 2170: 1066:. In Miller, Shannon C.; Rosenthal, Richard N.; Levy, Sharon; Saxon, Andrew J.; Tetrault, Jeanette M.; Wakeman, Sarah E. (eds.). 803: 168:(CSB) show enhanced cue reactivity in brain regions associated traditionally with drug-cue reactivity. These regions include the 160:, some psychological and behavioral changes characteristic of addiction brain changes include addictive cravings, impulsiveness, 4975: 5950: 5940: 272:

one's problematic behaviour, and not the development of a modern disease entity whose description should dictate its treatment.

5035: 1174:"Should compulsive sexual behavior (CSB) be considered as a behavioral addiction? A debate paper presenting the opposing view" 569:, believes that this misogyny arises from blaming the female-dominated profession of pornography for men's personal problems. 6917: 6548: 6500: 6394: 6302: 5159: 3115:. G - Reference,Information and Interdisciplinary Subjects Series. American Psychiatric Association Publishing. p. 543. 3070:. G - Reference,Information and Interdisciplinary Subjects Series. American Psychiatric Association Publishing. p. 916. 646: 520: 45:

with negative consequences to one's physical, mental, social, or financial well-being. While the World Health Organization's

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Twohig, M. P.; Crosby, J. M.; Cox, J. M. (2009). "Viewing Internet Pornography: For Whom is it Problematic, How, and Why?".

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is website and community forum founded in 2011 that serves as a support group for those who wish to give up pornography and

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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in males with paraphilias and paraphilia-related disorders: a comorbidity study

528: 388: 3859:"Will quitting porn improve your life?: A growing 'NoFap' movement of young men are saying no to porn and masturbation" 6882: 6092: 5400: 3389: 483: 408: 4797: 3094:

guidelines as suggested herein. Excessive gambling online may qualify for a separate diagnosis of gambling disorder.

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Neither DSM-5, nor DSM-5-TR, nor ICD-10, nor ICD-11 recognize sex addiction or porn addiction as a valid diagnosis.

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Taylor, Kris (May 7, 2019). "Nosology and metaphor: How pornography viewers make sense of pornography addiction".

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Sex, Social Justice, and Intimacy in Mental Health Practice: Incorporating Sexual Health in Approaches to Wellness

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Preliminary observations of DSM III-R axis I comorbidity in men with paraphilias and paraphilia-related disorders

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which claims the existence of pornography addiction and such claims are rare (scarce) among sexologists. A 2018

53:(CSBD) as an "impulsive control disorder", CSBD is not an addiction, and the American Psychiatric Association's 6536: 5583: 4892: 907: 772: 685: 414: 357:

Rothman has stated "pornography is not yet clearly established as a risk factor for multiple health outcomes".

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Mbuwayesango, Dora R. (2016) . "Part III: The Bible and Bodies – Sex and Sexuality in Biblical Narrative". In

2876:"Is the concept of compulsion useful in the explanation or description of addictive behaviour and experience?" 446:(a medication used to inhibit reward mechanisms in opiate or alcohol addictions), other mood-stabilizers, and 409:

Internet addiction disorder § Compulsive sexual behaviour disorder (problematic Internet pornography use)

395:, though no clinical trials have been performed to assess effectiveness among pornography addicts as of 2012. 326:

The International Classification of Disorders 11 (ICD-11) rejected "pornography addiction". Specifically, the

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Sexual Diversity and Sexual Offending: Research, Assessment, and Clinical Treatment in Psychosexual Therapy

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exist for people who wish to quit pornography use and/or believe themselves to be addicted to pornography.

330:(WHO) wrote: "Based on the limited current data, it would therefore seem premature to include in ICD-11." 6927: 6806: 6577: 5905: 5725: 5692: 5617: 5612: 5405: 5119:"Chris Rock Gets Brutally Honest About Porn Addiction and Cheating on His Wife: 'I Wasn't a Good Husband'" 4445: 3996: 3602: 716: 704: 642: 582: 399:

has also been shown to be a potentially effective treatment for problematic internet pornography viewing.

215: 187: 96: 4257:Štulhofer, Aleksandar; Kohut, Taylor; Koletić, Goran (2022), VanderLaan, Doug P.; Wong, Wang Ivy (eds.), 2024:"Sexual Desire, not Hypersexuality, is Related to Neurophysiological Responses Elicited by Sexual Images" 391:

has been suggested as a possible effective treatment for pornography addiction based on its success with

6857: 6852: 6816: 6543: 6505: 6312: 6260: 6175: 6160: 5972: 5967: 5895: 5880: 5792: 4697: 3759: 927: 883: 749: 549:. It serves as a support group for those who wish to avoid the use of pornography, masturbation, and/or 512: 459: 418: 297: 161: 115: 3964:

Rosenbach, Marcel; Müller, Ann-Katrin; Höfner, Roman; Baumgärtner, Maik; Spiegel, Der (10 March 2021).

3247:, p. 9: "pornography is not yet clearly established as a risk factor for multiple health outcomes" 2328:

Brand, Matthias; Young, Kimberly S.; Laier, Christian; Wölfling, Klaus; Potenza, Marc N. (2016-12-01).

1967:"Associations between adolescents watching pornography and poor mental health in three Swedish surveys" 1598:"Can Pornography be Addictive? An fMRI Study of Men Seeking Treatment for Problematic Pornography Use" 6907: 6811: 6233: 6134: 6114: 6109: 6104: 6099: 6016: 5890: 5747: 5558: 5435: 5412: 5354: 5291: 3607: 922: 845: 753: 712: 536: 516: 430: 342: 203: 199: 149: 123: 107: 72: 62: 5252: 3411:

A DSM IV axis I comorbidity study of males (n¼120) with paraphilias and paraphilia-related disorders

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de Jong, David C.; Faulkenberry, Rachel S.; Konda, Olivia; Joyner, Berkley (2022). "Masturbation".

4637: 666: 626: 562: 532: 508: 471: 380:, and that much pornography research has been normative (i.e. moralistic), instead of descriptive. 102: 42: 6923: 6913: 3934: 3112:

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-5-TR(tm))

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Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-5-TR(tm))

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Gnuse, Robert K. (May 2015). "Seven Gay Texts: Biblical Passages Used to Condemn Homosexuality".

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Kris Taylor, Nosology and metaphor: How pornography viewers make sense of pornography addiction

210:(CSB), and should be treated as such, whereas others have detected the increased activation of 164:, desensitization, and dysphoria. BOLD fMRI results have shown that individuals diagnosed with 6872: 6867: 6789: 6718: 6526: 6475: 6424: 6243: 6180: 6082: 5955: 5797: 5324: 5214: 5200: 5185: 5170: 5155: 4840: 4767: 4757: 4741: 4711: 4701: 4649: 4598: 4586: 4549: 4539: 4449: 4401: 4393: 4342: 4334: 4324: 4274: 4231: 4223: 4086: 3798: 3790: 3782: 3768: 3730: 3712: 3620: 3497: 3285: 3227: 3209: 3116: 3071: 3005: 2968: 2913: 2895: 2842: 2836: 2809: 2765: 2719: 2711: 2618: 2600: 2552: 2481: 2432: 2396: 2386: 2351: 2307: 2289: 2224: 2216: 2190: 2182: 2138: 2102: 2053: 2004: 1986: 1931: 1921: 1863: 1845: 1772: 1754: 1662: 1644: 1636: 1563: 1545: 1453: 1411: 1393: 1340: 1238: 1211: 1193: 1131: 1125: 1099: 1093: 1071: 1024: 1018: 959: 917: 757: 732: 614: 80: 4625: 3753:

Burnett, Scott (May 2021). Barber, Kristen; Bridges, Tristan; Nelson, Joseph Derrick (eds.).

2962: 1735:"Pornography addiction – a supranormal stimulus considered in the context of neuroplasticity" 1232: 6414: 6404: 6215: 6200: 6190: 5488: 5385: 5365: 5040: 4832: 4681: 4641: 4590: 4535: 4531: 4316: 4266: 4215: 3905: 3897: 3772: 3720: 3704: 3673: 3612: 3567: 3532: 3487: 3479: 3367: 3337: 3277: 3217: 3201: 2903: 2887: 2801: 2757: 2703: 2608: 2592: 2544: 2471: 2424: 2378: 2341: 2297: 2281: 2092: 2084: 2043: 2035: 1994: 1978: 1913: 1853: 1835: 1762: 1746: 1652: 1618: 1553: 1537: 1445: 1401: 1385: 1332: 1290: 1201: 1185: 1127:

Reclaiming Sexual Wholeness: An Integrative Christian Approach to Sexual Addiction Treatment

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Introductory psychology textbook authors Coon, Mitterer and Martini, passingly mentioning

131: 119: 76: 58: 4320: 3159:"ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics 6C72 Compulsive sexual behaviour disorder" 1917: 1318:"Pornography Addiction in Adults: A Systematic Review of Definitions and Reported Impact" 3755:"The Battle for "NoFap": Myths, Masculinity, and the Meaning of Masturbation Abstention" 3274:

What Do We Know About the Effects of Pornography After Fifty Years of Academic Research?

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ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics: 6C72 Compulsive sexual behaviour disorder

1999: 1966: 1965:

Svedin, C. G.; Donevan, M.; Bladh, M.; Priebe, G.; Fredlund, C.; Jonsson, L. S. (2023).

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Answers In the Heart: Daily Meditations for Men and Women Recovering from Sex Addiction

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Cooper A.; Delmonico D. L.; Burg R. (2000). "Cybersex user, abusers, and compulsives".

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Prause, Nicole; Janssen, Erick; Georgiadis, Janniko; Finn, Peter; Pfaus, James (2017).

2302: 2269: 2097: 2072: 2048: 2023: 1858: 1817: 1767: 1734: 1657: 1558: 1525: 1406: 1373: 1206: 1173: 739: 599: 439: 127: 126:, such as preoccupation with the behavior, diminished ability to control the behavior, 57:(2013) and the DSM-5-TR (2022) do not classify compulsive pornography consumption as a 3935:"It's easy to see the role 'NoFap' played in yesterday's violence against Asian women" 3109:

American Psychiatric Association (2022). "Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders".

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The status of pornography addiction as an addictive disorder, rather than simply a

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His Porn, Her Pain: Confronting America's Porn Panic With Honest Talk About Sex

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behaviors, but rather in that of impulse control disorders (Kraus et al. 2018).

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Some clinicians and support organizations recommend voluntary use of Internet

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associated with the unfounded conviction to be addicted to pornography,

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appeared in videos by American anti-pornography group

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(2023) 116:pathological gambling 101:Universally accepted 31:Pornography addiction 6959:Behavioral addiction 6812:Human male sexuality 6607:Performers by decade 5891:Responsible drug use 5748:Motivational therapy 5413:Video game addiction 4756:. pp. 149–178. 4530:. pp. 456–465. 2286:10.1038/npp.2015.300 2089:10.3402/snp.v4.23833 923:Sexaholics Anonymous 846:Joseph Gordon-Levitt 713:cognitive dissonance 684:, it is usually the 567:The Pornography Wars 537:Alcoholics Anonymous 517:Sexaholics Anonymous 509:Twelve-step programs 343:supernormal stimulus 204:hypersexual behavior 200:behavioral addiction 150:hypersexual disorder 108:behavioral addiction 73:Internet pornography 63:behavioral addiction 37:model to the use of 6704:Adult movie theater 6617:Gay male performers 5815:Twelve-step program 5698:Drug detoxification 5579:Physical dependence 5165:Cooper, Al (2002). 5092:New York Daily News 4638:Bloomsbury Academic 3259:, pp. 101–103. 3016:Note that the word 1624:10.1038/npp.2017.78 1500:on 29 February 2016 627:Sermon on the Plain 533:twelve-step program 494:Society and culture 472:sexual compulsivity 419:internet monitoring 206:and/or a subset of 103:diagnostic criteria 43:compulsive behavior 6878:Stanley v. Georgia 6848:Right to sexuality 6673:Exotic Erotic Ball 6612:British performers 6400:Fight the New Drug 5973:Incentive salience 5961:Inhibitory control 5936:Category:Addiction 5926:Addiction medicine 5721:Relapse prevention 5658:Tanning dependence 5150:Klein, M. (2017). 4640:. pp. 74–78. 4441:Christianity Today 4315:. pp. 57–88. 3456:2022-02-04 at the 3436:2021-12-04 at the 3416:2018-11-08 at the 3311:2016-01-05 at the 3304:Laier, Christian. 871:Fight the New Drug 745:Christianity Today 625:from the biblical 610:Celebrate Recovery 596:Fight the New Drug 590:domestic terrorism 551:sexual intercourse 476:standard deviation 468:convenience sample 403:Online pornography 231:online pornography 6936: 6935: 6873:Sexual revolution 6868:Sexual repression 6719:Not safe for work 6484: 6483: 6476:Parental controls 6425:Stop Porn Culture 6341: 6340: 6006: 6005: 5956:Cognitive control 5914: 5913: 5798:Smoking cessation 5753:Physical exercise 5668: 5667: 5654:Non-drug stimuli 5553: 5552: 5397:Internet-related 5205:978-1-56838-621-8 5190:978-0-89486-568-8 4957:Black America Web 4846:978-0-323-91498-7 4763:978-0-231-11131-7 4707:978-1-56023-355-8 4655:978-1-4411-2160-8 4587:SAGE Publications 4545:978-0-19-996772-8 4330:978-0-19-084421-9 4280:978-3-030-84273-4 3769:SAGE Publications 3291:978-1-003-23203-2 3257:McKee et al. 2022 3122:978-0-89042-576-3 3077:978-0-89042-576-3 3011:978-0-89042-555-8 2974:978-1-317-78868-3 2848:978-1-337-51708-9 2597:10.1002/wps.20115 2392:978-0-12-803914-4 2230:978-1-78181-368-3 2144:978-0-89042-555-8 1927:978-0-19-007547-7 1912:. pp. 1–15. 1542:10.1111/add.13297 1536:(12): 2097–2106. 1244:978-1-000-38710-0 1137:978-0-310-09311-4 1105:978-3-031-04772-5 1077:978-1-9752-0157-9 1030:978-1-000-84578-5 918:Rational Recovery 792:social scientists 615:Saddleback Church 256:Diagnostic status 156:According to the 16:(Redirected from 6966: 6954:Sexual addiction 6926: 6916: 6906: 6905: 6578:Possible effects 6415:Stop Bild Sexism 6405:The Marriage Vow 6354: 6051: 6033: 6026: 6019: 6010: 5996: 5995: 5683: 5564: 5489:G9a-like protein 5305: 5277: 5270: 5263: 5254: 5236: 5231:. Archived from 5139: 5138: 5136: 5134: 5114: 5108: 5107: 5105: 5103: 5083: 5077: 5076: 5074: 5072: 5052: 5046: 5045: 5041:Washington Times 5032: 5026: 5025: 5023: 5021: 5001: 4995: 4994: 4992: 4991: 4971: 4965: 4964: 4963:on May 28, 2014. 4949: 4943: 4942: 4940: 4938: 4929:. 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Archived from 2166: 2153: 2152: 2124: 2111: 2110: 2100: 2068: 2062: 2061: 2051: 2019: 2013: 2012: 2002: 1977:(9): 1765–1780. 1962: 1951: 1950: 1948: 1947: 1889: 1880: 1879: 1861: 1843: 1814:Morabia, Alfredo 1809: 1796: 1790: 1781: 1780: 1770: 1730: 1724: 1723: 1717: 1715: 1700: 1694: 1693: 1691: 1689: 1683: 1660: 1626: 1602: 1593: 1580: 1579: 1561: 1521: 1510: 1509: 1507: 1505: 1490: 1484: 1483: 1481: 1480: 1474: 1435: 1426: 1420: 1419: 1409: 1369: 1363: 1362: 1360: 1359: 1353: 1322: 1313: 1307: 1306: 1278: 1267: 1263: 1258: 1256: 1227: 1209: 1168: 1166: 1164: 1158:Psychology Today 1148: 1146: 1144: 1120: 1114: 1112: 1088: 1056: 1050: 1049: 1044: 1042: 1014: 999: 998: 996: 995: 976: 958: 957: 956: 949: 938:Sexual addiction 840:Mainstream media 835: 762:religious groups 758:church-attending 680:working for the 675: 393:internet addicts 371: 318: 278: 247: 174:ventral striatum 85:social isolation 21: 6974: 6973: 6969: 6968: 6967: 6965: 6964: 6963: 6939: 6938: 6937: 6932: 6894: 6838:and pornography 6830:and pornography 6758: 6734:R18 certificate 6692: 6641: 6595: 6572: 6510: 6480: 6466:Internet filter 6444: 6378: 6348: 6337: 6333:Fuck for Forest 6286: 6265: 6139: 6042: 6037: 6007: 6002: 5984: 5980:Sober companion 5910: 5864:Reagent testing 5840: 5819: 5763: 5757: 5708: 5702: 5677: 5675: 5664: 5593: 5549: 5436:Transcriptional 5428: 5422: 5349: 5335:Methylphenidate 5330:Methamphetamine 5294: 5281: 5243: 5227: 5147: 5145:Further reading 5142: 5132: 5130: 5116: 5115: 5111: 5101: 5099: 5085: 5084: 5080: 5070: 5068: 5054: 5053: 5049: 5034: 5033: 5029: 5019: 5017: 5003: 5002: 4998: 4989: 4987: 4973: 4972: 4968: 4951: 4950: 4946: 4936: 4934: 4921: 4920: 4916: 4906: 4904: 4890: 4889: 4885: 4876: 4874: 4859: 4858: 4854: 4847: 4826: 4825: 4821: 4811: 4809: 4795: 4794: 4790: 4781: 4779: 4764: 4739: 4738: 4734: 4725: 4723: 4708: 4679: 4678: 4674: 4665: 4663: 4656: 4623: 4622: 4618: 4574: 4573: 4569: 4546: 4509: 4508: 4504: 4494: 4492: 4478: 4477: 4473: 4463: 4461: 4433: 4432: 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6640: 6639: 6634: 6632:Film directors 6629: 6624: 6619: 6614: 6609: 6603: 6601: 6597: 6596: 6594: 6593: 6588: 6582: 6580: 6574: 6573: 6571: 6570: 6569: 6568: 6558: 6553: 6552: 6551: 6541: 6540: 6539: 6534: 6524: 6518: 6516: 6512: 6511: 6509: 6508: 6503: 6498: 6492: 6490: 6486: 6485: 6482: 6481: 6479: 6478: 6473: 6468: 6463: 6458: 6452: 6450: 6446: 6445: 6443: 6442: 6437: 6432: 6427: 6422: 6417: 6412: 6410:No More Page 3 6407: 6402: 6397: 6392: 6386: 6384: 6380: 6379: 6377: 6376: 6371: 6366: 6360: 6358: 6351: 6343: 6342: 6339: 6338: 6336: 6335: 6330: 6325: 6320: 6315: 6310: 6305: 6300: 6294: 6292: 6288: 6287: 6285: 6284: 6279: 6273: 6271: 6267: 6266: 6264: 6263: 6258: 6253: 6248: 6247: 6246: 6241: 6236: 6231: 6226: 6218: 6213: 6208: 6203: 6198: 6193: 6188: 6183: 6178: 6173: 6168: 6163: 6158: 6153: 6147: 6145: 6141: 6140: 6138: 6137: 6132: 6127: 6122: 6117: 6112: 6107: 6102: 6097: 6096: 6095: 6090: 6080: 6079: 6078: 6073: 6063: 6057: 6055: 6048: 6044: 6043: 6038: 6036: 6035: 6028: 6021: 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5415: 5410: 5409: 5408: 5403: 5395: 5394: 5393: 5388: 5380: 5378:Palatable food 5375: 5374: 5373: 5368: 5359: 5357: 5351: 5350: 5348: 5347: 5342: 5337: 5332: 5327: 5322: 5317: 5311: 5309: 5302: 5296: 5295: 5282: 5280: 5279: 5272: 5265: 5257: 5251: 5250: 5242: 5241:External links 5239: 5238: 5237: 5235:on 2019-04-14. 5225: 5222: 5208: 5193: 5178: 5163: 5146: 5143: 5141: 5140: 5109: 5078: 5047: 5027: 4996: 4966: 4944: 4914: 4883: 4852: 4845: 4819: 4788: 4762: 4732: 4706: 4682:"Introduction" 4672: 4654: 4616: 4567: 4544: 4502: 4471: 4423: 4381:The New Yorker 4363: 4329: 4291: 4279: 4249: 4214:(2): 397–415. 4198: 4167: 4136: 4107: 4078: 4064:. 2017-08-15. 4049: 4018: 3987: 3956: 3925: 3896:(4): 621–639. 3880: 3849: 3816: 3740: 3703:(2): 445–453. 3683: 3672:(4): 269–292. 3656: 3638: 3601:(5): 277–283. 3585: 3566:(4): 253–266. 3550: 3515: 3478:(2): 227–240. 3462: 3442: 3422: 3402: 3377: 3366:(2): 159–167. 3347: 3317: 3297: 3290: 3261: 3249: 3237: 3180: 3147: 3142: 3121: 3098: 3076: 3053: 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April 2018. 1695: 1581: 1511: 1485: 1444:(2): 377–400. 1421: 1384:(5): 233–241. 1364: 1308: 1289:(4): 609–629. 1268: 1265: 1264: 1243: 1228: 1169: 1149: 1136: 1121: 1104: 1089: 1076: 1058: 1051: 1029: 1000: 970: 968: 965: 963: 962: 941: 940: 935: 930: 925: 920: 915: 910: 905: 900: 894: 892: 889: 841: 838: 828: 740:media coverage 634: 631: 600:Salt Lake City 535:borrowed from 505:support groups 500: 499:Support groups 497: 495: 492: 455: 452: 448:anti-androgens 426: 423: 404: 401: 385: 382: 364: 314: 274: 257: 254: 243: 225:crisis in the 134:, and adverse 92: 89: 71:is viewing of 26: 24: 18:Porn addiction 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6971: 6960: 6957: 6955: 6952: 6950: 6947: 6946: 6944: 6929: 6925: 6921: 6919: 6915: 6911: 6909: 6901: 6900: 6897: 6889: 6886: 6885: 6884: 6881: 6879: 6876: 6874: 6871: 6869: 6866: 6864: 6861: 6859: 6856: 6854: 6851: 6849: 6846: 6844: 6841: 6839: 6837: 6833: 6831: 6829: 6825: 6823: 6820: 6818: 6815: 6813: 6810: 6808: 6805: 6801: 6798: 6796: 6793: 6791: 6788: 6786: 6783: 6781: 6778: 6776: 6773: 6772: 6771: 6768: 6767: 6765: 6761: 6755: 6752: 6750: 6749:Sexualization 6747: 6745: 6742: 6740: 6737: 6735: 6732: 6730: 6727: 6725: 6724:Pornification 6722: 6720: 6717: 6715: 6712: 6710: 6707: 6705: 6702: 6701: 6699: 6697:Miscellaneous 6695: 6689: 6686: 6684: 6681: 6679: 6676: 6674: 6671: 6669: 6666: 6664: 6661: 6659: 6656: 6654: 6651: 6650: 6648: 6644: 6638: 6635: 6633: 6630: 6628: 6625: 6623: 6620: 6618: 6615: 6613: 6610: 6608: 6605: 6604: 6602: 6598: 6592: 6589: 6587: 6584: 6583: 6581: 6579: 6575: 6567: 6564: 6563: 6562: 6559: 6557: 6554: 6550: 6547: 6546: 6545: 6542: 6538: 6535: 6533: 6530: 6529: 6528: 6525: 6523: 6520: 6519: 6517: 6513: 6507: 6504: 6502: 6499: 6497: 6494: 6493: 6491: 6487: 6477: 6474: 6472: 6469: 6467: 6464: 6462: 6459: 6457: 6454: 6453: 6451: 6447: 6441: 6440:XXXchurch.com 6438: 6436: 6433: 6431: 6428: 6426: 6423: 6421: 6418: 6416: 6413: 6411: 6408: 6406: 6403: 6401: 6398: 6396: 6393: 6391: 6388: 6387: 6385: 6383:Organizations 6381: 6375: 6372: 6370: 6367: 6365: 6362: 6361: 6359: 6355: 6352: 6350: 6347:Opposition to 6344: 6334: 6331: 6329: 6326: 6324: 6321: 6319: 6316: 6314: 6311: 6309: 6306: 6304: 6301: 6299: 6296: 6295: 6293: 6291:Organizations 6289: 6283: 6280: 6278: 6275: 6274: 6272: 6268: 6262: 6259: 6257: 6254: 6252: 6249: 6245: 6242: 6240: 6237: 6235: 6232: 6230: 6227: 6225: 6222: 6221: 6219: 6217: 6214: 6212: 6209: 6207: 6204: 6202: 6199: 6197: 6194: 6192: 6189: 6187: 6184: 6182: 6179: 6177: 6174: 6172: 6169: 6167: 6164: 6162: 6159: 6157: 6154: 6152: 6149: 6148: 6146: 6142: 6136: 6133: 6131: 6128: 6126: 6123: 6121: 6118: 6116: 6113: 6111: 6108: 6106: 6103: 6101: 6098: 6094: 6091: 6089: 6086: 6085: 6084: 6081: 6077: 6076:Tijuana bible 6074: 6072: 6069: 6068: 6067: 6064: 6062: 6059: 6058: 6056: 6052: 6049: 6045: 6041: 6034: 6029: 6027: 6022: 6020: 6015: 6014: 6011: 5999: 5991: 5990: 5987: 5981: 5978: 5974: 5971: 5970: 5969: 5966: 5962: 5959: 5958: 5957: 5954: 5952: 5949: 5947: 5944: 5942: 5939: 5937: 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3339: 3336:(2): 79–104. 3335: 3331: 3324: 3322: 3318: 3314: 3310: 3307: 3301: 3298: 3293: 3287: 3283: 3279: 3275: 3268: 3266: 3262: 3258: 3253: 3250: 3246: 3241: 3238: 3233: 3229: 3224: 3219: 3215: 3211: 3207: 3203: 3199: 3195: 3191: 3184: 3181: 3168: 3164: 3160: 3154: 3152: 3148: 3144: 3140: 3128: 3124: 3118: 3114: 3113: 3105: 3103: 3099: 3095: 3083: 3079: 3073: 3069: 3068: 3060: 3058: 3054: 3048:, p. 161 3047: 3044: 3042:, p. 163 3041: 3038: 3037: 3033: 3031: 3029: 3025: 3021: 3019: 3013: 3007: 3003: 2996: 2993: 2980: 2976: 2970: 2966: 2965: 2957: 2954: 2941: 2937: 2936:Go Ask Alice! 2933: 2927: 2924: 2919: 2915: 2910: 2905: 2901: 2897: 2893: 2889: 2885: 2881: 2877: 2870: 2867: 2854: 2850: 2844: 2840: 2839: 2831: 2828: 2823: 2819: 2815: 2811: 2807: 2803: 2799: 2795: 2787: 2784: 2779: 2775: 2771: 2767: 2763: 2759: 2755: 2748: 2741: 2738: 2733: 2729: 2725: 2721: 2717: 2713: 2709: 2705: 2701: 2697: 2690: 2687: 2675: 2671: 2664: 2662: 2658: 2645: 2641: 2640: 2632: 2629: 2624: 2620: 2615: 2610: 2606: 2602: 2598: 2594: 2590: 2586: 2582: 2574: 2571: 2566: 2562: 2558: 2554: 2550: 2546: 2542: 2535: 2528: 2526: 2522: 2515: 2512: 2510:, p. 161 2509: 2506: 2504:, p. 163 2503: 2500: 2499: 2495: 2492: 2487: 2483: 2478: 2473: 2469: 2465: 2461: 2454: 2451: 2446: 2442: 2438: 2434: 2430: 2426: 2422: 2418: 2410: 2407: 2402: 2398: 2394: 2388: 2384: 2380: 2376: 2372: 2365: 2362: 2357: 2353: 2348: 2343: 2339: 2335: 2331: 2324: 2322: 2318: 2313: 2309: 2304: 2299: 2295: 2291: 2287: 2283: 2279: 2275: 2271: 2264: 2261: 2255: 2253: 2249: 2236: 2232: 2226: 2222: 2218: 2211: 2209: 2205: 2200: 2196: 2192: 2188: 2184: 2180: 2176: 2172: 2165: 2163: 2161: 2159: 2155: 2151: 2146: 2140: 2136: 2132: 2131: 2123: 2121: 2119: 2117: 2113: 2108: 2104: 2099: 2094: 2090: 2086: 2082: 2078: 2074: 2067: 2064: 2059: 2055: 2050: 2045: 2041: 2037: 2033: 2029: 2025: 2018: 2015: 2010: 2006: 2001: 1996: 1992: 1988: 1984: 1980: 1976: 1972: 1968: 1961: 1959: 1957: 1953: 1941: 1937: 1933: 1929: 1923: 1919: 1915: 1911: 1907: 1903: 1899: 1895: 1888: 1886: 1882: 1877: 1873: 1869: 1865: 1860: 1855: 1851: 1847: 1842: 1837: 1833: 1829: 1825: 1824: 1819: 1815: 1808: 1806: 1804: 1802: 1798: 1794: 1789: 1787: 1783: 1778: 1774: 1769: 1764: 1760: 1756: 1752: 1748: 1744: 1740: 1736: 1729: 1726: 1722: 1709: 1705: 1699: 1696: 1680: 1676: 1672: 1668: 1664: 1659: 1654: 1650: 1646: 1642: 1638: 1634: 1630: 1625: 1620: 1617:: 2021–2031. 1616: 1612: 1608: 1607: 1599: 1592: 1590: 1588: 1586: 1582: 1577: 1573: 1569: 1565: 1560: 1555: 1551: 1547: 1543: 1539: 1535: 1531: 1527: 1520: 1518: 1516: 1512: 1499: 1495: 1489: 1486: 1471: 1467: 1463: 1459: 1455: 1451: 1447: 1443: 1439: 1432: 1425: 1422: 1417: 1413: 1408: 1403: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1375: 1368: 1365: 1350: 1346: 1342: 1338: 1334: 1331:(5): 760–77. 1330: 1326: 1319: 1312: 1309: 1304: 1300: 1296: 1292: 1288: 1284: 1277: 1275: 1273: 1269: 1262: 1250: 1246: 1240: 1236: 1235: 1229: 1225: 1221: 1217: 1213: 1208: 1203: 1199: 1195: 1191: 1187: 1183: 1179: 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