Powis Castle - Knowledge

1457: 1729:, depicting the muse blowing a trumpet while astride a horse, has had an unfortunate history since its removal from the water garden. In the early 19th century it was sited above the main gate, before being moved to a flowerbed in the Outer Courtyard. In the early 20th century, Bodley attempted to restore it as a fountain but the result failed to please the countess. "The horse looked as if it was trying to jump out of a footbath. The jet of water through the trumpet was not strong enough. Altogether it was not a success." By the 1990s, the whole statue was close to collapse, because of the decay of its inner supporting structure, and the Trust was required to undertake a wholescale renovation. 1030:. A grand staircase leads to the doorway to the main keep, sandwiched between two drum towers. The keep is entered at the other end through the Marquess Gate, a sequence of iron gates, followed by a flight of steps leading up to a Baroque doorcase. Their date of construction is uncertain; they may be from the time of the first Marquess in the late 17th century, or from the time of the 2nd Marquess in the early 18th century. Both entrances lead into the small Inner Courtyard. Originally with an open arcade, this was enclosed by Smirke in the 1820s. The keep contains the main living apartments of the Herberts, while the continuance of the North Range houses the kitchen and servants' quarters. 1555: 659: 1361: 883: 1490: 1409: 1115:. The staircase has been closed to visitors to the castle for many years, because of structural instability. In 2017 the Trust began fundraising efforts for restoration. A structural survey, undertaken in 2020, investigated whether the staircase vibrations, caused by visitor footfall, were the cause of damage to the wall and ceiling paintings. The report's authors concluded that there was not a direct link, but emphasised the challenge of balancing the needs of visitors with the requirement to maintain historic fabrics. 1424:, outside Paris. The chateau was home to James II after his flight from England and was thus well known to the Marquess of Powis and his son. Its grounds were landscaped in an Italianate style comprising gravelled walks between parterres, with fountains and basins. By 1705, despite the Herberts' absence, the water garden was completed. John Bridgeman, a guest in that year, wrote "the waterworks and fountains are much beyond anything I ever saw, the cascade has two falls of water which concludes in a noble Bason (sic)." 42: 376: 1465:

shapes. The 14 "tumps" on the Top Terrace, and the hedge at its eastern end, were planted by the 2nd Marquess in the 1720s. The darker Irish yews elsewhere in the garden date from the following century. Below is the Aviary Terrace, the site of a bird house, which is decorated with four statues of shepherds and shepherdesses by van Nost. They were once painted in colours, but are now treated with a uniform grey weather-resistant paint. The third level is the Orangery Terrace, which houses an

1567: 1527: 1579: 4960: 1539: 1245: 870:, a diarist and traveller who chronicled his journeys into Wales in the 1780s and 1790s, described the castle in 1784, "In the gardens not even the fruit is attended to; the balustrades and terraces are falling down, and the horses graze on the parterres!!!" The castle itself was in no better condition, a visitor in 1774 describing it as "in Neglect and Ruin". Nonetheless, the potential of the site was recognised. 779: 987: 6503: 383: 918:(1785–1848), inherited his late uncle's Powis estates on his 21st birthday, taking the surname Herbert in compliance with his uncle's will. Edward Herbert served in a range of administrations as an Anti-Catholic Tory, his speeches in the House of Commons being "cautious and pertinent, although marred by dull delivery". He died in 1848, following a 1007:, notes that "the accretion of later buildings and much modification, have made it notoriously difficult to interpret the early phasing." Continuing the run of buildings on the left is the North Range, with former domestic offices below and a ballroom above. The base of this block formed the outer bailey wall of the original castle. 6491: 1124: 949:, undertook the final transformation of the gardens of Powis Castle, which she felt had the potential to be "the most beautiful in England and Wales". The countess died following a car accident in 1929, and Lord Powis outlived both his sons, who died on active service, Percy from wounds received at the 1464:

Four of the terraces remain, the last two having reverted to banks of earth covered with shrubs. Each is 150m in length. The Top Terrace is planted with a range of yew trees, a distinctive feature at Powis. Originally tightly clipped in the form of obelisks, they have grown into an array of amorphous

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and proposed the demolition of the terraces by explosives. The earl rejected his advice regarding the terraces, although the lowest two were reduced to earthen banks, but permitted the replacement of the water garden with the Great Lawn. The water garden had comprised a series of pools and fountains,

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Despite their 30-year exile, the Herberts were able to continue with developments at the castle and even to live there on an irregular basis, the Baroque water garden below the castle being completed at this time. Their fortunes were also materially improved by the discovery of a lucrative lead mine

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redecoration, "I decided to remove some of the late 18th and early 19th century alterations which I thought incongruous and not in keeping with the castle." He was also conscious of the impact on the castle's fabric of many years of neglect. A guest, on being shown her gloomy bedroom at the castle,

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in the far south-eastern corner. The kitchen garden had previously been concealed from the castle by a bank of elm trees, but these were brought down in a storm in 1912, exposing a view of the greenhouses which appalled the countess. "I am greeted every day by the repulsive sight of the detestable

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was probably purchased by Clive of India for his wife on his visit to Italy in 1774. The gallery also contains a set of busts of the Roman Caesars. Their great weight led to their being moved from the Long Gallery by the Trust, because of concerns that they would lead the floor to collapse, but a

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as punishment for his involvement in a scheme to assassinate Llywelyn. The castle was documented again in 1286, when it was listed amongst Gruffydd's possessions as "la Pole Castr". A detailed examination of Powis Castle's extant masonry carried out between 1987 and 1989 revealed early stonework

974:, the 8th and current Earl. The Herbert family continue to live in part of the castle, under an arrangement with the National Trust. The Trust has undertaken a number of major works of restoration during its ownership, including the Marquess Gate, the Grand Staircase, and the sculpture of 508:

dukes of Powis, suffered periods of imprisonment and exile. Despite these setbacks, they were able in the late 17th and early 18th centuries to transform Powis from a border fortress into an aristocratic country house, and surround it with one of the very few extant examples of a British

540:, undertook work of equal importance in the garden, seeking to turn it into "one of the most beautiful, if not the most beautiful, in England and Wales". On the 4th earl's death in 1952, his wife and his sons having predeceased him, the castle passed into the care of the National Trust. 1328:, classifying listed buildings into three categories; Grade I, the highest grade, for buildings of "exceptional interest", Grade II*, the next grade, for buildings of "more than special interest", and Grade II, the lowest grade, for buildings of "special interest". Powis Castle is a 1171:

A remarkable survival of the 1660s, the State Bedroom is the only remaining one in Britain where a balustrade separates the bed alcove from the rest of the room. The design demonstrates the desire of the Anglo-Welsh aristocracy to emulate the etiquette that regulated the court of

945:(1862–1952). The rooms designed by Bodley remain his only extant decorative scheme; the longevity of the 4th Earl, the deaths of his heirs, and his bequest of the castle to the National Trust saw the early 20th-century remodelling remain largely unaltered. The 4th earl's wife, 969:

The fourth earl was succeeded by his cousin, Edward Herbert (1889–1974), the fifth Earl. Edward's heir was Christian Victor Charles Herbert (1904–1988), the sixth Earl. He was succeeded by his cousin, George William Herbert (1925–1993), who was in turn succeeded by his son,

1469:. When built this was heated and was open to the elements, but in the early 20th century the arcade was enclosed with windows and a door case moved from the main entrance to the keep in the Outer Courtyard. A lead statue of a peacock on this terrace came originally from 803:) was created Earl of Powis (of the first creation). The state bedroom was installed in about 1665 and further improvements, including the construction of the Great Staircase followed in the 1670s. These developments were most probably carried out under the direction of 1075:

was sensitively handled, Scourfield and Haslam consider it "appropriate and finely executed", and it is the only remaining, unaltered, example of his decorative approach. The work took from 1902 until Bodley's death in 1907 and cost around £30,000.

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The dining room was created by Bodley by the re-amalgamation of two smaller rooms. The fourth earl took a very close interest in Bodley's work, and influenced much of the decoration. The chimneypieces in the room were copied from examples in the

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during the struggles of the later 13th century. He was able to secure the position of his son, Owain, although the kingdom itself was abolished by the Parliament of Shrewsbury in 1283. After his father's death, Owain was raised to the peerage as

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The castle is recorded is having been "burnt down" by Llywelyn, implying the presence of a timber structure, but Gruffydd subsequently demanded compensation worth £1000 – a large sum indicating his castle may have included a substantial masonry

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The Clive Museum, opened in 1987 next to the ballroom in the North Range, has been the focus of controversy in the 21st century, because of the raised awareness of the links between country house collections and colonialism, as a result of the

1071:, who inherited the castle in the early 18th century; Carolean furnishings of notable richness and quality; and items from the picture and Indian collections of Robert Clive. The early 20th-century redevelopment and redecoration undertaken by 1397: 447: 160: 1509:

Violet's work included the relocation of the entire kitchen garden, including its glasshouses, to a new position behind the Wilderness ridge and the laying out of the formal garden at the base of the terraces, and a fountain garden and a

1371:, the garden historian, considers the gardens at Powis to be "the most important and magnificent in Wales". They mainly survived the 18th-century reaction against the formality of earlier garden design, and are one of the few remaining 1332:. The Outer Gatehouse, the Marquess Gate, the Ballroom Range to the north of the Outer Courtyard and the retaining wall to the south, as well as the Top, Aviary, and Orangery Terraces all have separate Grade I listings. The statues of 4227: 1654:

The unusual spelling of Powis, with an 'i' instead of a 'y' as in the county spelling, derives from the Herbert family's title as Lord, and later Earl of Powis. Powis is a shortened version of the Latinised spelling of the Welsh

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gardens in the UK. Although their exact dating is uncertain, the terraces were hewn from the rock at some point between the 1670s and 1705 under the direction of William Winde and later Adrian Duvall, a French gardener from

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The family retained the wider estate, which comprises some 14,000 acres in Powys and Shropshire. They also retained ownership of some of the contents, many of those of South Asian origin being disposed of in a sale in

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The historian David Stephenson has suggested that the castle could have been started in the period 1241–1257, although if this was the case "the first structure almost certainly suffered near total destruction in

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became the last hereditary prince of Powys when he renounced his royal title, and was granted the barony of de la Pole, (i.e. "of the Pool", a reference to Welshpool, formerly called just "Pool"). The ancient

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William Emes, apart from the destruction of the water garden, did make improvements to the estate. A road that cut through the park just below the castle was diverted, and much planting was undertaken on the

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The concept of formal terraces was introduced into northern Europe from the gardens of 16th-century Italy. The gardens originally comprised six terraces, descending from the castle, and culminating in a

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kings was to shape its destiny for over a century. Sir Edward began the transformation of Powis from a border fortress into an Elizabethan country house. The major remaining element of his work is the

3101: 2682: 1268:. Several of Clive's acquisitions are on display in the Clive Museum at Powis Castle, along with items acquired subsequently by Edward and Henrietta, during Edward's time working firstly for the 2712: 3344: 4223: 1010:

The first floor of this range also contains the Clive Museum, which features artefacts brought from India by the Clives in the 18th century. The outer courtyard contains the lead statue of

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recommended that the bedroom be preserved. The bed itself dates from this period of reconstruction. The room was designed to receive Charles II, and is much decorated with the initials

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and for its interiors, the former having been described as "the most important", and the latter "the most magnificent", in the country. The castle and gardens are under the care of the

2527: 6598: 807:, who may also have designed the terraced gardens. His employer, although restored to his estates, and raised in the peerage, was barred by his Catholic faith from high office under 3237: 922:

accident at Powis in which he was fatally injured by his second son. No further major changes were made to the Powis estate during his time, or in the long tenure of his eldest son

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The portrait of Sir Edward Herbert of Cherbury came to the castle when a Cherbury Herbert married into the family of their cousins, the Powis Herberts, in the 18th century.

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Ridge, the line of hills opposite the castle, on the other side of the Great Lawn. The last major transformation of the gardens was undertaken in the early 20th century by

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movement. The National Trust has committed to supporting reinterpretation of the South Asian collection and in 2020 commissioned a research project in association with the

824: 1231:, dating between the 1st century BC and 2nd century AD, although it could be an 18th-century fake. Representations of cats are rare in Roman art. The marble, quarried on 3399: 2821: 2327: 1481:, notes the varied planting styles, sub-tropical on the Top Terrace, Mediterranean on the Aviary Terrace, and British double-herbaceous borders on the Orangery Terrace. 596:

is mentioned as having planned to construct a castle at Trallwng Llywelyn, the oldest record of a native Welsh castle. Domen Castell, a motte-and-bailey near the modern

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cost him his castle and his estates. On 22 October 1644 Powis Castle was captured by Parliamentary troops and was not returned to the family until the restoration of

732:. Edward eventually bought the castle outright in 1587, beginning the connection between the Herberts and Powis Castle which continues today. Sir Edward's wife was a 874:, the politician, poet and essayist, recorded his impressions in 1756, "About £3,000 laid out upon Powis Castle would make it the most august place in the Kingdom." 4800: 4746:

Watts, Siobhan; Lithgow, Richard; Sandham, Gareth (2020). "Structural Investigations of a Seventeenth-Century Staircase and Wall Paintings at Powis Castle, Wales".

3023: 1163:. The hat and the lace scarf which she wears in the portrait are not shown in an engraving of the same subject dating to 1778 and appear to have been added later. 6455: 6528: 6405: 1506:, wife of the fourth earl. Her ambition was "to turn a poor and meagre garden into one of the most beautiful, if not the most beautiful, in England and Wales". 1068: 662: 3291: 3097: 2678: 1420:, being responsible for the original water gardens, which were laid out in a Dutch style. Their design was almost certainly influenced by the gardens of the 705:), respectively; Welshpool had become the capital of Powys Wenwynwyn, of which Owain had been heir. On the death of Owain, the castle passed to his daughter 6548: 6588: 6573: 1695: 919: 815:

in 1685, Herbert became one of the new king's chief ministers, and was again advanced in the peerage becoming Marquess of Powis in 1687, but fell at the

2417: 2708: 3340: 2490: 942: 6583: 6558: 3207: 906:. Clive had followed his father to India, and served as Governor of Madras. Henrietta's brother died in 1801, whereupon the title lapsed; in 1804, 3180: 910:

was created first Earl of Powis (of the third creation). The Clive fortune paid for long overdue repairs to the castle, which were carried out by

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described him as "a mean silly man, the bubble of his mistress and his steward, who rarely comes to sneak about for a day or two".

926:(1818–1891), the third earl, although the castle was well maintained. In honour of his great-grandfather, the earl was offered the 3956: 3932: 3884: 3860: 3836: 3812: 3764: 3740: 3716: 3692: 3668: 3644: 3620: 3596: 3572: 3548: 3500: 3476: 3428: 2231: 83: 6578: 6435: 6410: 5870: 4152: 4020: 3908: 3788: 3524: 3452: 2859: 2389: 1967: 1156: 748: 1360: 4841: 1160: 971: 907: 899: 866:(1755–1801), died unmarried and the earldom of the second creation became extinct. Powis was much neglected during his tenure. 714: 521: 3392: 2813: 2579: 2319: 721:

inherited the castle and estates. Both were equally divided, each daughter and her husband living in a portion of the castle.

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are listed Grade II*. The raised terrace to the south-east, the stone vase on the site of the water garden cascade, and the

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Entrance to the castle is made through an outer gatehouse, with the stables to the right and a coach house to the left. The

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in 1687, and made him Duke of Powis in 1689. Although Herbert used the latter title, it was unrecognised outside of the

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little houses which stare in their naked horror up at the beautiful terraces and the grand old castle towering above."

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The Long Gallery was built by Sir Edward Herbert, following his purchase of the castle in 1587. It is constructed to a

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to his Welsh estates and made him 1st Earl of Powis (of the first creation) in 1674. The painting's inspiration is the

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the same year. The first documentary account of an extant castle at Welshpool is a description of the successful 1196

600:, is considered the most likely site of Cadwgan's castle, although it is uncertain whether it was completed as he was 4409: 1489: 5414: 1578: 1136: 1018:(d. 1729). Originally located in the water gardens, the piece seems to have been struck from the same mould as the 855: 3287: 6563: 6543: 6538: 6470: 6275: 5840: 4530: 1760: 1470: 1185: 1051:, describe the castle interiors as "the most magnificent in Wales". They contain murals and ceiling paintings by 911: 597: 122: 589:

are used interchangeably in early primary sources, and it is unclear which of these sites is being referred to.

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Although deprived of his estates, Herbert gained in aristocratic precedence. James elevated him to the rank of

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When Robert Clive returned to England, his fortune of some £234,000 (£23 million today), made him the richest

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The connection between the Powis landscape and that of the French chateau was identified by contemporaries.

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is the statutory body with responsibility for the listing of buildings. Cadw uses the same rating system as

938: 728:, began leasing the lordship and castle to a distant relative – Sir Edward Herbert (d. 1595), second son of 578: 533: 126: 1807:. The Trust’s efforts to better understand and explain the collection have drawn both praise and criticism. 6374: 5945: 5254: 5179: 820: 627: 458: 3203: 1794:

is immense. The riches are quite extraordinary. I should like to have the pickings of some of the boxes."

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that are today positioned on either side of the castle entrance, and textiles, armour, weapons, bronzes,

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in 1282–83, the king permitted Gruffydd to rebuild his castle at Welshpool as a reward for his loyalty.

2553: 1123: 1091:, probably under the direction of William Winde. The ceiling painting is by Verrio, and likely depicts 500:, beginning a connection between the family and the castle that continues today. The Herberts remained 1440:

interspersed with flower beds and decorated with an array of statuary, a number of which, such as the

5865: 5204: 5089: 3693:"Peacock Statue to the southwest of Orangery Terrace in Powis Castle gardens (Grade II) (16787)" 1739: 1345: 1177: 759: 638: 510: 6323: 6165: 5935: 5239: 4894: 4834: 1694:

The connection between the 4th Earl and Bodley may have been occasioned through the earl's cousin,

1152: 950: 816: 812: 725: 41: 1959: 6593: 6389: 6369: 6160: 5965: 5319: 2495: 1305: 1273: 1269: 593: 528:, a match which replenished the much-depleted Herbert family fortune. In the early 20th century, 6125: 3366: 1427:

The Powis water garden lasted just over 100 years, and was dismantled by 1809, on the advice of

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in a plane crash in 1943. On his own death in 1952, he bequeathed the castle and gardens to the

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but declined, writing "Not worth considering. Powis" on the envelope containing the invitation.

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The final alterations to Powis Castle were undertaken at the beginning of the 20th century by

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in the Outer Courtyard. The castle and its gardens receive around 200,000 visitors annually.

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in 1748, the marquessate became extinct, while the castle and estates passed to a relative,

674: 505: 466: 4792: 1400:, their listing record describing them as the finest remaining Baroque gardens in Britain. 713:. The Charltons continued to live at Powis until the fifteenth century when two daughters, 147: 6343: 6303: 6260: 6220: 6040: 5830: 5745: 5645: 5600: 5494: 5459: 5429: 5354: 5169: 5014: 4909: 4884: 4804: 4266: 2624: 1393: 1329: 1221: 1060: 737: 694: 678: 669: 612: 574: 501: 496:

In the late 16th century the castle was purchased by Edward Herbert, a younger son of the

475: 443: 329: 291: 253: 215: 4959: 4717: 4042: 6379: 6288: 6140: 6010: 6000: 5890: 5735: 5655: 5504: 4924: 4827: 4761: 4665: 4473: 4415: 4392: 1817: 1112: 1052: 958: 903: 733: 702: 626:). The present masonry structure contains 13th-century fabric, most likely the work of 611:

The earliest castle at the current site may have been a timber building constructed by

562: 525: 439: 431: 427: 404: 136: 4148: 4016: 3885:"Wall to garden and outbuildings at the bothy at Powis Castle (Grade II) (16791)" 1244: 778: 6522: 6318: 6308: 6293: 5900: 5825: 5790: 5650: 5565: 5519: 5389: 5174: 4949: 4733:

Stephenson, David (2007). "Powis Castle: A Reappraisal of its Medieval Development".

4499: 4068: 1743: 1703: 1699: 1253: 1181: 1072: 862:, the fifteen-year-old granddaughter of the 2nd Marquess, in 1751. Their eldest son, 804: 454: 435: 118: 1681:

George Herbert spent extravagantly and was not well-regarded by his contemporaries.

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statue have Grade II designations as do a number of domestic offices, including the

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until the 18th century and, although rising in the peerage to earls, marquesses and

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by an English army, although the castle was retaken by the Welsh within the year.

3525:"Brick Wall to the rear of the Top Terrace at Powis Castle (Grade I) (7748)" 6384: 6333: 6225: 6190: 6185: 6180: 6170: 6115: 6050: 5940: 5925: 5895: 5755: 5615: 5535: 5424: 5369: 5274: 5269: 5259: 5244: 5224: 5159: 5139: 5079: 5074: 4914: 4874: 4290: 3597:"Statue of Fame in the Outer Courtyard at Powis Castle (Grade II*) (16785)" 1804: 1774: 1605: 1277: 1227:. Displayed in the gallery is a marble group of a cat and snake. It is probably 986: 698: 686: 642:

incorporated into the later structure, putatively the remains of an early stone

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The present castle was built in the 13th century. Unusually for a castle on the

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Cadw/ICOMOS Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales

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Cadw/ICOMOS Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales

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Cadw/ICOMOS Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales

6298: 6240: 6200: 6175: 6130: 6095: 6060: 6035: 5985: 5970: 5960: 5955: 5930: 5920: 5875: 5860: 5770: 5680: 5585: 5580: 5575: 5545: 5474: 5464: 5449: 5439: 5419: 5409: 5349: 5314: 5304: 5299: 5289: 5279: 5264: 5229: 5219: 5189: 5154: 5144: 5124: 5109: 5049: 4984: 4929: 4904: 4899: 4879: 4491: 4358: 2491:"LORD CLIVE DIES OF WOUNDS; Heir of Earl of Powis Succumbs to Battle Injuries" 1746:, was almost completely obliterated in the "brutal" remodelling undertaken by 1417: 1197: 1027: 1023: 851: 690: 643: 616: 4708: 4679: 4606: 4577: 4548: 4458: 4400: 98: 85: 6235: 6210: 6195: 6090: 6080: 6045: 6020: 5995: 5990: 5980: 5915: 5850: 5795: 5710: 5690: 5660: 5630: 5610: 5590: 5555: 5499: 5344: 5339: 5309: 5294: 5234: 5209: 5149: 5119: 4944: 4638: 3669:"Stone Vase on east bank of gardens at Powis Castle (Grade II) (16788)" 2232:"Stone vase on east bank of gardens at Powis Castle (Grade II) (16788)" 1702:

was also designed by the partnership of Bodley & Garner, although there

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George Frederick Bodley and the later Gothic Revival in Britain and America

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in Shropshire, who was made 1st Earl of Powis (of the second creation) by

6245: 6215: 6205: 6150: 6145: 6135: 6030: 5975: 5910: 5885: 5855: 5780: 5760: 5715: 5675: 5665: 5635: 5595: 5560: 5550: 5484: 5469: 5454: 5444: 5434: 5324: 5284: 5199: 5129: 5034: 5024: 5004: 4939: 4934: 4618: 1824:, described Powis as being "in the wretched taste of St Germain en Laye". 1466: 1436: 1389: 1000: 784: 470: 412: 4809: 2349: 1022:

supplied by van Nost between 1705 and 1716 to Sir Nicholas Shireburn at

6250: 6230: 6155: 6065: 6055: 5810: 5805: 5800: 5785: 5730: 5695: 5640: 5625: 5620: 5570: 5489: 5479: 5404: 5379: 5374: 5359: 5134: 5064: 5039: 5009: 4979: 4693:. The Buildings of Wales. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. 1777:

was a frequent visitor to the castle during the time of the sixth earl.

1764:

had congratulated his wife on the ingenious conversion of the dungeons.

1511: 1372: 1285: 1261: 1144: 462: 1477:. The last remaining terrace is the Apple Bank. Helena Attlee, in her 762:, and was granted the barony of Powis in 1629. His loyalty during the 569:, which were built by the English to subdue the Welsh, the castles at 6255: 6085: 6075: 6070: 5820: 5815: 5384: 5364: 5104: 5099: 5094: 5029: 5019: 4864: 3933:"Gate to the Fountain Garden at Powis Castle (Grade II) (16795)" 2520:"Somme trench recreated in Welsh castle to salute battle's centenary" 1474: 1289: 1281: 1232: 701:– roughly equivalent to Montgomeryshire and South Denbighshire (plus 415: 46:

Powis Castle from the south, showing the distinctive terraced gardens

3957:"Sundial in Fountain Garden at Powis Castle (Grade II) (16796)" 3501:"Retaining wall to courtyard at Powis Castle (Grade I) (16781)" 4368:

Towers of Defiance: Castles and Fortifications of the Welsh Princes

2751:"Learn more about volunteering at a magnificent castle and gardens" 1352:, the Garden House, four cottages, and a range of garden features. 1284:; gold and bejewelled tiger's head finials from Tipu's throne; two 485:, and the death of his only son, he was succeeded by his daughter, 5740: 5705: 5685: 5509: 5069: 5044: 4994: 4850: 2065: 2063: 1488: 1455: 1407: 1377: 1359: 1349: 1297: 1243: 1236:

full reconstruction of the floor has enabled them to be returned.

1122: 881: 777: 657: 605: 423: 71: 67: 1803:

The Powis South Asia collection has featured in the 21st-century

1147:, both at the earl's suggestion. The room contains a portrait of 668:

In 1286, four years after the conquest of Wales, Gruffydd's son,

4768: 4093: 3952: 3928: 3904: 3880: 3856: 3832: 3808: 3784: 3760: 3736: 3712: 3688: 3664: 3640: 3616: 3592: 3568: 3544: 3520: 3496: 3472: 3448: 3424: 2855: 2385: 2227: 1321: 1293: 792:

On the restoration, the Herberts returned to Powis, and in 1674

4823: 1412:

A late 18th-century view showing the terraces and water garden

4588:

In Trust for the Nation: Paintings from National Trust Houses

3717:"Ice House in garden at Powis Castle (Grade II) (16789)" 2971: 2969: 2788: 2786: 2784: 2660: 2658: 2656: 2210: 2208: 577:

as their dynastic seat. In addition to the current site, two

2549: 1773:

Although Charles II never stayed at Powis, the current king

532:

redeveloped the castle with the assistance of the architect

4793:

Powis Castle & Garden information at the National Trust

3999: 3997: 3995: 3993: 3991: 3861:"No.2 Dairy Square at Powis Castle (Grade II) (16793)" 3837:"No.1 Dairy Square at Powis Castle (Grade II) (16792)" 2901: 2899: 2732: 2730: 2709:"£150,000 appeal to restore Powis Castle's grand staircase" 2617:"John George Herbert, 8th Earl of Powis (born 19 May 1952)" 1388:. Winde had earlier worked on a similar terraced layout at 3765:"The Garden House at Powis Castle (Grade II) (16794)" 3133: 3131: 2956: 2954: 2952: 2950: 2599: 2597: 2270: 2268: 2266: 2109: 2107: 2105: 2080: 2078: 1003:

building history is complex; John R. Kenyon, in his study

446:, while its gardens have their own Grade I listing on the 3978: 3976: 3974: 3972: 3813:"No.2 Park House at Powis Castle (Grade II) (16778)" 3573:"Orangery Terrace at Powis Castle (Grade I) (16776)" 1790:

in 1799, Henrietta wrote to her brother; "The plunder of

4819: 3789:"No.1 Park House at Powis Castle (Grade II) (7749)" 3261:"Almost 100 National Trust properties linked to slavery" 2814:"The East India Company: The original corporate raiders" 2285: 2283: 1867: 1865: 3549:"Aviary Terrace at Powis Castle (Grade I) (16775)" 3477:"Ballroom Range at Powis Castle (Grade I) (16782)" 3098:"Grand entrance to Powis Castle re-opens to the public" 2998: 2996: 2679:"Grand entrance to Powis Castle re-opens to the public" 835:, was reinstated in 1722. On the death of his son, the 3429:"Outer Gateway at Powis Castle (Grade I) (16780)" 2438: 1894: 1892: 1820:, an antiquarian, traveller and writer, and author of 581:

and a set of earthworks are located nearby. The names

3453:"Marquess Gate at Powis Castle (Grade I) (7747)" 2473: 2471: 2161:"William Herbert, 1st Marquess and 1st Duke of Powis" 1312:

to investigate its history, contents and provenance.

4748:

APT Bulletin: The Journal of Preservation Technology

1960:"Powis Castle; Regional Historic Environment Record" 6398: 6352: 6274: 5528: 4967: 4857: 4690:

Powys: Montgomeryshire, Radnorshire and Breconshire

3741:"The Bothy at Powis Castle (Grade II) (16790)" 2987: 353: 345: 337: 327: 315: 307: 299: 289: 277: 269: 261: 251: 239: 231: 223: 213: 201: 193: 175: 167: 158: 142: 132: 114: 77: 59: 51: 34: 4760: 831:on their Welsh estates. The second Marquess, also 825:William Nassau de Zuylestein, 1st Earl of Rochford 1448:were relocated to different sites on the estate. 819:of 1688 and followed James into exile in France. 788:statue which stood originally in the Water Garden 469:and maintained an alliance with the English king 4267:"Powis Castle: The Development of the Structure" 3047: 2917: 2890: 2069: 1934: 1130:whose marriage re-established the family fortune 1759:The earl particularly disliked Robert Smirke's 736:and the family's allegiance to Rome and to the 6599:Registered historic parks and gardens in Powys 341:Apple Slope Terrace in Gardens at Powis Castle 4835: 663:Edward Herbert, 1st Baron Herbert of Cherbury 592:The earliest reference dates from 1111, when 478:, 1st Lord of Powis. Following his own death 8: 4687:Scourfield, Robert; Richard, Haslam (2013). 3367:"The South Asian Collection in Powis Castle" 3177:"Delve into the collections at Powis Castle" 2410:"Edward Herbert, formerly Clive (1785–1848)" 3230:"A Cabinet of Curiosities Becomes a Museum" 2380: 2378: 2376: 2374: 1139:, and the ceiling from the Reindeer Inn, a 303:Orangery Terrace in Gardens at Powis Castle 6569:Ethnographic museums in the United Kingdom 4842: 4828: 4820: 1946: 1696:Robert Windsor-Clive, 1st Earl of Plymouth 1260:, much of the wealth amassed by Clive was 1200:. His son and daughter-in-law (later King 1067:family portraits mainly of members of the 811:. On the accession of the King's brother, 465:baron. Gruffydd was prince of the ancient 40: 31: 3288:"Indian treasure trove in a Welsh corner" 3137: 3071: 3017:"A Guide to the Pictures at Powis Castle" 2878: 2842: 2736: 2603: 2301: 2274: 2257: 2214: 2125: 2113: 2096: 2084: 1196:commemorate the visit of the future King 1192:. The window latches in the shape of the 943:George Charles Herbert, 4th Earl of Powis 827:. Herbert died, still in exile, in 1696. 730:Sir William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke 4135: 3151:"A cat playing with a snake - NT1180982" 3122: 2702: 2700: 2314: 2312: 2310: 2004: 1871: 1738:Bodley's contemporaneous remodelling at 1280:magnificent state tent, made of painted 985: 724:In 1578 an illegitimate son of the last 457:, it was constructed by a Welsh prince, 418:, fortress and grand country house near 4798:A Guide to the Pictures at Powis Castle 3982: 3315:"The Clives: Looters or art collectors" 2975: 2792: 2664: 2289: 1837: 1618: 1522: 1264:that was illicitly collected after the 326: 288: 250: 212: 4003: 3083: 3059: 3002: 2807: 2805: 2803: 2801: 2775: 2016: 1922: 1898: 1608:– the family's former London residence 265:Aviary Terrace in Powis Castle Gardens 4248: 4209: 4197: 4185: 4173: 4123: 3347:from the original on 8 September 2022 2929: 2905: 2860:"Marquess Gate (Grade I) (7747)" 2824:from the original on 26 December 2018 2477: 2028: 1992: 1910: 1883: 1856: 1844: 1560:Detail of the Fountain Garden gateway 549:First castles at Welshpool: 1111–1286 489:, "the Lady of Powis". Hawys married 352: 344: 336: 314: 306: 298: 276: 268: 260: 238: 230: 222: 200: 192: 174: 166: 157: 27:Grade I listed castle in Powys, Wales 7: 6529:13th-century establishments in Wales 4623:. London: Lawrence King Publishing. 3313:Masani, Zareer (12 September 2021). 3286:Sunwalker, Prasun (20 August 2021). 3259:Power, Gabriel (22 September 2020). 3240:from the original on 6 November 2009 3104:from the original on 5 November 2018 2960: 2941: 2715:from the original on 5 November 2018 2685:from the original on 5 November 2018 2462: 2450: 2420:from the original on 4 December 2020 2390:"Powis Castle (Grade I) (7746)" 2350:"Powis Castle; Powys Castle (29858)" 2193:from the original on 19 January 2021 382: 4370:(1st ed.). Talybont: Y Lolfa. 4343:(2nd ed.). Talybont: Y Lolfa. 2812:Dalrymple, William (4 March 2015). 2625:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U31300 894:In 1784, Henry Herbert's daughter, 573:were built by the Welsh princes of 6549:National Trust properties in Wales 5115:Forden with Leighton and Trelystan 4230:from the original on 13 April 2021 4155:from the original on 11 April 2021 4049:from the original on 16 April 2021 4023:from the original on 16 April 2021 3373:from the original on 18 April 2021 3267:from the original on 16 April 2021 3183:from the original on 24 March 2023 2048:from the original on 19 April 2021 1974:from the original on 11 April 2021 1473:, Robert Clive's country house in 1149:Henrietta Clive, Countess of Powis 1128:Henrietta Clive, Countess of Powis 878:The Clives and Herberts: 1801–1952 868:John Byng, 5th Viscount Torrington 823:granted the castle to his nephew, 677:had once included the counties of 25: 6589:Grade I listed buildings in Powys 6574:Buildings and structures in Powys 5871:Heartsease (Llanddewi Ystradenni) 5846:Four Crosses, Llanfair Caereinion 4620:Great Houses of England and Wales 4222:Morris, Non (29 September 2018). 4103:National Historic Assets of Wales 3962:National Historic Assets of Wales 3938:National Historic Assets of Wales 3914:National Historic Assets of Wales 3890:National Historic Assets of Wales 3866:National Historic Assets of Wales 3842:National Historic Assets of Wales 3818:National Historic Assets of Wales 3794:National Historic Assets of Wales 3770:National Historic Assets of Wales 3746:National Historic Assets of Wales 3722:National Historic Assets of Wales 3698:National Historic Assets of Wales 3674:National Historic Assets of Wales 3650:National Historic Assets of Wales 3626:National Historic Assets of Wales 3602:National Historic Assets of Wales 3578:National Historic Assets of Wales 3554:National Historic Assets of Wales 3530:National Historic Assets of Wales 3506:National Historic Assets of Wales 3482:National Historic Assets of Wales 3458:National Historic Assets of Wales 3434:National Historic Assets of Wales 3321:from the original on 9 March 2023 3294:from the original on 9 March 2023 3210:from the original on 9 March 2023 3202:Nayar, Mandira (23 August 2020). 3157:from the original on 9 March 2023 2988:Watts, Lithgow & Sandham 2020 2865:National Historic Assets of Wales 2757:from the original on 9 March 2023 2582:from the original on 9 March 2023 2556:from the original on 9 March 2023 2530:from the original on 28 June 2016 2395:National Historic Assets of Wales 2237:National Historic Assets of Wales 2189:. Dictionary of Welsh Biography. 2019:, pp. 101–102, 106, 108–109. 1493:The Powis yews on the Top Terrace 390:Location of Powis Castle in Powys 6501: 6489: 4958: 4718:"The castles of Montgomeryshire" 4505:Wales: Churches, Houses, Castles 4295:An Exuberant Catalogue of Dreams 3405:from the original on 7 June 2021 3393:"Understanding Listing in Wales" 3029:from the original on 25 May 2021 2641:from the original on 4 June 2018 2330:from the original on 25 May 2021 2187:"Herbert family, Earls of Powis" 2167:from the original on 17 May 2021 1786:After the siege which ended the 1577: 1565: 1553: 1537: 1525: 1422:Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye 1416:Duvall may have had training in 1220:-plan, an unusual design for an 1157:Henry Herbert, 1st Earl of Powis 1151:(1758–1830), painted in 1777 by 1038:Scourfield and Haslam, in their 1014:, attributed to the workshop of 965:The National Trust: 1952–present 749:William Herbert, 1st Baron Powis 381: 374: 6584:Grade I listed castles in Wales 6559:Historic house museums in Wales 4815:Geograph photos of Powis Castle 4591:. Swindon, UK: National Trust. 4562:. Swindon, UK: National Trust. 4265:Arnold, Christopher J. (1993). 4098:"Powis Castle (PGW(Po)35(POW))" 2749:Austin, Sue (9 February 2023). 1161:Edward Clive, 1st Earl of Powis 1155:. The countess was daughter of 902:(1754–1839), the eldest son of 670:Owain ap Gruffydd ap Gwenwynwyn 632: 621: 3153:. National Trust collections. 3096:Jones, Aimee (1 August 2017). 2707:Jones, Aimee (4 August 2017). 2677:Jones, Aimee (1 August 2017). 2578:. BBC News. 12 February 2002. 2576:"Indian treasures in £1m sale" 2518:Kennedy, Maev (28 June 2016). 1084:The great staircase was built 434:, the castle is known for its 1: 5841:Four Crosses, Montgomeryshire 4763:The Historic Gardens of Wales 4526:The Medieval Castles of Wales 2163:. National Portrait Gallery. 1698:, whose Worcestershire home, 1460:View along the Aviary Terrace 1085: 1005:The Medieval Castles of Wales 886:The Outer Courtyard with the 844: 797: 752: 479: 6554:Scheduled monuments in Wales 6456:Registered parks and gardens 6406:Parliamentary constituencies 4648:Castles in Wales: A Handbook 4615:Montgomery-Massingberd, Hugh 4439:. New Haven, US and London: 4411:Houses of the National Trust 4340:Castles of the Welsh Princes 3048:Scourfield & Haslam 2013 2918:Scourfield & Haslam 2013 2891:Scourfield & Haslam 2013 2070:Scourfield & Haslam 2013 1935:Scourfield & Haslam 2013 1180:. The room is attributed to 982:Architecture and description 648:Edward I's conquest of Wales 6534:13th-century fortifications 4759:Whittle, Elisabeth (1992). 4735:Montgomeryshire Collections 4722:Montgomeryshire Collections 4322:. London: Frances Lincoln. 4271:Montgomeryshire Collections 2439:Montgomery-Massingberd 1994 2320:"The Clive Museum at Powis" 1572:Parapet to the Marquis Gate 1292:pieces, and collections of 6615: 5415:Newtown and Llanllwchaiarn 4810:Castle Wales: Powis Castle 4151:. Parks & Gardens UK. 1431:. Emes, who trained under 1194:Prince of Wales's feathers 1137:Victoria and Albert Museum 6484: 4956: 4531:University of Wales Press 1532:Detail of the drum towers 1186:Thomas Farnolls Pritchard 990:Ground plan of the castle 426:, Wales. The seat of the 369: 365: 361: 323: 285: 247: 209: 154: 39: 6016:Llansanffraid-ym-Mechain 4990:Abermule with Llandyssil 4585:Laing, Alastair (1995). 4523:Kenyon, John R. (2010). 4385:Gallagher, Jane (1993). 4149:"Powis Castles Terraces" 3343:. National Trust. 2021. 2324:www.nationaltrust.org.uk 1601:List of gardens in Wales 1596:List of castles in Wales 1435:, swept away the formal 1256:in Europe. According to 890:statue in the foreground 654:Early history: 1286–1644 579:motte-and-bailey castles 6579:Country houses in Powys 6006:Llanrhaeadr-ym-Mochnant 5395:Mochdre with Penstrowed 5330:Llanrhaeadr-ym-Mochnant 4716:Spurgeon, C.J. (1966). 4671:Great Houses Of Britain 4646:Morgan, Gerald (2008). 4556:Lacey, Stephen (1992). 4408:Greeves, Lydia (2008). 4366:Davis, Paul R. (2021). 4337:Davis, Paul R. (2007). 4316:Attlee, Helena (2009). 4045:. Parks & Gardens. 4019:. Parks & Gardens. 1788:Fourth Anglo-Mysore War 1748:William Randolph Hearst 1330:Grade I listed building 939:George Frederick Bodley 774:The Herberts: 1660–1800 534:George Frederick Bodley 444:Grade I listed building 127:George Frederick Bodley 6375:Elan Valley Reservoirs 5946:Llanfihangel Nant Bran 5255:Llanfihangel Rhydithon 4433:Hall, Michael (2014). 1706:took the leading role. 1494: 1461: 1413: 1365: 1249: 1131: 1048:The Buildings of Wales 991: 891: 789: 758:), was a supporter of 665: 628:Gruffydd ap Gwenwynwyn 553:Unlike the castles at 459:Gruffydd ap Gwenwynwyn 408: 5951:Llanfihangel Talyllyn 5866:Heartsease (Knighton) 5000:Bausley with Criggion 4858:Principal settlements 4650:. Talybont: Y Lolfa. 4441:Yale University Press 3015:Moore, Peter (2016). 2414:History of Parliament 1822:A Tour in Wales, 1770 1492: 1459: 1411: 1363: 1247: 1126: 1093:Catherine of Braganza 989: 947:Violet (nee Lane-Fox) 885: 781: 747:Herbert's descendent 661: 530:the 4th Earl of Powis 181:; 2 years ago 6353:Reservoirs and lakes 5205:Llanddewi Ystradenny 5090:Disserth and Trecoed 4559:Powis Castle Gardens 4466:Harris, Sue (2012). 4319:The Gardens of Wales 3369:. Ashmolean Museum. 2042:"Sir Edward Herbert" 1584:View from the castle 1479:The Gardens of Wales 1364:The Orangery Terrace 1316:Listing designations 1208:), visited in 1909. 1105:Apotheosis of Venice 1069:Herberts of Chirbury 928:viceroyalty of India 639:Llywelyn ap Gruffudd 442:. Powis Castle is a 179:1 February 2022 99:52.65000°N 3.16056°W 6431:Scheduled Monuments 5936:Llanfair Caereinion 5240:Llanfair Caereinion 4895:Llanfair Caereinion 4803:25 May 2021 at the 4508:. London: Penguin. 3204:"Plunder and scoot" 3100:. Shropshire Star. 2978:, pp. 260–263. 2963:, pp. 351–353. 2908:, pp. 235–236. 2795:, pp. 260–262. 2753:. Shropshire Star. 2711:. Shropshire Star. 2681:. Shropshire Star. 2667:, pp. 252–254. 2453:, pp. 215–216. 1859:, pp. 327–328. 1153:Sir Joshua Reynolds 1099:. Charles restored 951:Battle of the Somme 817:Glorious Revolution 726:Baron Grey of Powis 689:and large areas of 461:, rather than by a 95: / 6390:Talybont Reservoir 6370:Clywedog Reservoir 5966:Llangammarch Wells 5529:Towns and villages 5320:Llanidloes Without 5085:Cwmdu and District 4674:. London: Hamlyn. 3236:. 30 August 1987. 3179:. National Trust. 3022:. National Trust. 2496:The New York Times 2326:. National Trust. 2044:. National Trust. 1964:Archwilio database 1742:, undertaken with 1495: 1462: 1414: 1366: 1306:Black Lives Matter 1274:Governor of Madras 1270:East India Company 1250: 1132: 1059:; a collection of 992: 892: 858:. Herbert married 790: 666: 594:Cadwgan ap Bleddyn 536:. Herbert’s wife, 354:Reference no. 316:Reference no. 278:Reference no. 240:Reference no. 194:Reference no. 104:52.65000; -3.16056 6516: 6515: 6440:Listed buildings 6365:Cantref Reservoir 6360:Beacons Reservoir 6329:Montgomery Castle 5215:Llandrindod Wells 5185:Llanbadarn Fynydd 5055:Castle Caereinion 4890:Llandrindod Wells 4778:978-0-117-01578-4 4700:978-0-300-18508-9 4657:978-1-847-71031-4 4630:978-1-780-67232-8 4598:978-0-707-80260-2 4569:978-1-843-59121-4 4540:978-0-708-32363-2 4515:978-0-713-99893-1 4483:978-1-843-59410-9 4450:978-0-300-20802-3 4425:978-1-905-40066-9 4377:978-1-912-63130-8 4350:978-0-862-43970-5 4329:978-0-711-22882-5 4006:, pp. 54–59. 3317:. Reclaim Trust. 3290:. Khaleej Times. 3062:, pp. 20–21. 2990:, pp. 13–17. 2634:978-0-19-954088-4 2552:. Powis Estates. 2499:. 14 October 1916 2217:, pp. 57–58. 2128:, pp. 55–56. 2099:, pp. 54–55. 1740:St Donat's Castle 1369:Elisabeth Whittle 1266:Battle of Plassey 1258:William Dalrymple 1119:State Dining Room 912:Sir Robert Smirke 764:English Civil War 711:Sir John Charlton 518:Henrietta Herbert 491:Sir John Charlton 398: 397: 16:(Redirected from 6606: 6564:Museums in Powys 6544:Gardens in Wales 6539:Castles in Powys 6506: 6505: 6504: 6494: 6493: 6492: 6461:Lord Lieutenants 6314:Dolforwyn Castle 6284:Aberysgir Castle 6111:Old Church Stoke 6101:Newbridge-on-Wye 4962: 4844: 4837: 4830: 4821: 4782: 4766: 4755: 4742: 4729: 4712: 4683: 4661: 4642: 4610: 4581: 4552: 4519: 4495: 4462: 4429: 4404: 4381: 4362: 4333: 4312: 4286: 4284: 4282: 4252: 4246: 4240: 4239: 4237: 4235: 4226:. Country Life. 4219: 4213: 4207: 4201: 4195: 4189: 4183: 4177: 4171: 4165: 4164: 4162: 4160: 4145: 4139: 4133: 4127: 4121: 4115: 4114: 4112: 4110: 4090: 4084: 4083: 4081: 4079: 4073: 4065: 4059: 4058: 4056: 4054: 4039: 4033: 4032: 4030: 4028: 4013: 4007: 4001: 3986: 3980: 3967: 3966: 3949: 3943: 3942: 3925: 3919: 3918: 3901: 3895: 3894: 3877: 3871: 3870: 3853: 3847: 3846: 3829: 3823: 3822: 3805: 3799: 3798: 3781: 3775: 3774: 3757: 3751: 3750: 3733: 3727: 3726: 3709: 3703: 3702: 3685: 3679: 3678: 3661: 3655: 3654: 3637: 3631: 3630: 3613: 3607: 3606: 3589: 3583: 3582: 3565: 3559: 3558: 3541: 3535: 3534: 3517: 3511: 3510: 3493: 3487: 3486: 3469: 3463: 3462: 3445: 3439: 3438: 3421: 3415: 3414: 3412: 3410: 3404: 3397: 3389: 3383: 3382: 3380: 3378: 3363: 3357: 3356: 3354: 3352: 3337: 3331: 3330: 3328: 3326: 3310: 3304: 3303: 3301: 3299: 3283: 3277: 3276: 3274: 3272: 3256: 3250: 3249: 3247: 3245: 3226: 3220: 3219: 3217: 3215: 3199: 3193: 3192: 3190: 3188: 3173: 3167: 3166: 3164: 3162: 3147: 3141: 3135: 3126: 3120: 3114: 3113: 3111: 3109: 3093: 3087: 3081: 3075: 3069: 3063: 3057: 3051: 3045: 3039: 3038: 3036: 3034: 3028: 3021: 3012: 3006: 3000: 2991: 2985: 2979: 2973: 2964: 2958: 2945: 2939: 2933: 2927: 2921: 2915: 2909: 2903: 2894: 2888: 2882: 2876: 2870: 2869: 2852: 2846: 2840: 2834: 2833: 2831: 2829: 2809: 2796: 2790: 2779: 2773: 2767: 2766: 2764: 2762: 2746: 2740: 2734: 2725: 2724: 2722: 2720: 2704: 2695: 2694: 2692: 2690: 2674: 2668: 2662: 2651: 2650: 2648: 2646: 2613: 2607: 2601: 2592: 2591: 2589: 2587: 2572: 2566: 2565: 2563: 2561: 2550:"Estate history" 2546: 2540: 2539: 2537: 2535: 2515: 2509: 2508: 2506: 2504: 2487: 2481: 2475: 2466: 2460: 2454: 2448: 2442: 2436: 2430: 2429: 2427: 2425: 2406: 2400: 2399: 2382: 2369: 2368: 2366: 2364: 2346: 2340: 2339: 2337: 2335: 2316: 2305: 2299: 2293: 2287: 2278: 2272: 2261: 2255: 2249: 2248: 2246: 2244: 2224: 2218: 2212: 2203: 2202: 2200: 2198: 2183: 2177: 2176: 2174: 2172: 2157: 2151: 2150: 2148: 2146: 2141:. National Trust 2135: 2129: 2123: 2117: 2111: 2100: 2094: 2088: 2082: 2073: 2067: 2058: 2057: 2055: 2053: 2038: 2032: 2026: 2020: 2014: 2008: 2002: 1996: 1990: 1984: 1983: 1981: 1979: 1956: 1950: 1949:, pp. 9–21. 1944: 1938: 1932: 1926: 1920: 1914: 1908: 1902: 1896: 1887: 1881: 1875: 1869: 1860: 1854: 1848: 1842: 1825: 1814: 1808: 1801: 1795: 1784: 1778: 1771: 1765: 1757: 1751: 1736: 1730: 1723: 1717: 1713: 1707: 1692: 1686: 1679: 1673: 1670:Jacobite Peerage 1662: 1656: 1652: 1646: 1643: 1637: 1633: 1627: 1623: 1581: 1569: 1557: 1541: 1529: 1433:Capability Brown 1404:The Water Garden 1326:Historic England 1310:Ashmolean Museum 1276:. These include 1272:and then as the 1248:An interior view 1090: 1087: 1057:Gerard Lanscroon 1020:Pegasus and Fame 872:George Lyttelton 849: 848: 1703–1772 846: 802: 801: 1626–1696 799: 757: 756: 1573–1655 754: 675:Kingdom of Powys 646:. At the end of 636: 635: 1241–1287 634: 625: 624: 1197–1216 623: 524:, eldest son of 498:earl of Pembroke 484: 481: 467:Kingdom of Powys 385: 384: 378: 189: 187: 182: 150: 148:Official website 110: 109: 107: 106: 105: 100: 96: 93: 92: 91: 88: 44: 32: 21: 6614: 6613: 6609: 6608: 6607: 6605: 6604: 6603: 6519: 6518: 6517: 6512: 6502: 6500: 6490: 6488: 6480: 6411:Electoral wards 6394: 6348: 6344:Tretower Castle 6304:Cefnllys Castle 6270: 6261:Van, Llanidloes 6221:Talybont-on-Usk 6041:Llanwrtyd Wells 5646:Bettws Cedewain 5524: 5495:Vale of Grwyney 5460:Talybont-on-Usk 5430:Pen-y-bont-fawr 5355:Llanwrtyd Wells 5180:Llanbadarn Fawr 4963: 4954: 4910:Llanwrtyd Wells 4853: 4848: 4805:Wayback Machine 4789: 4779: 4758: 4745: 4732: 4715: 4701: 4686: 4666:Nicolson, Nigel 4664: 4658: 4645: 4631: 4613: 4599: 4584: 4570: 4555: 4541: 4522: 4516: 4498: 4484: 4472:. Swindon, UK: 4465: 4451: 4432: 4426: 4407: 4391:. Swindon, UK: 4384: 4378: 4365: 4351: 4336: 4330: 4315: 4309: 4289: 4280: 4278: 4264: 4261: 4256: 4255: 4247: 4243: 4233: 4231: 4221: 4220: 4216: 4208: 4204: 4196: 4192: 4184: 4180: 4172: 4168: 4158: 4156: 4147: 4146: 4142: 4134: 4130: 4122: 4118: 4108: 4106: 4092: 4091: 4087: 4077: 4075: 4071: 4067: 4066: 4062: 4052: 4050: 4041: 4040: 4036: 4026: 4024: 4015: 4014: 4010: 4002: 3989: 3981: 3970: 3951: 3950: 3946: 3927: 3926: 3922: 3903: 3902: 3898: 3879: 3878: 3874: 3855: 3854: 3850: 3831: 3830: 3826: 3807: 3806: 3802: 3783: 3782: 3778: 3759: 3758: 3754: 3735: 3734: 3730: 3711: 3710: 3706: 3687: 3686: 3682: 3663: 3662: 3658: 3639: 3638: 3634: 3615: 3614: 3610: 3591: 3590: 3586: 3567: 3566: 3562: 3543: 3542: 3538: 3519: 3518: 3514: 3495: 3494: 3490: 3471: 3470: 3466: 3447: 3446: 3442: 3423: 3422: 3418: 3408: 3406: 3402: 3395: 3391: 3390: 3386: 3376: 3374: 3365: 3364: 3360: 3350: 3348: 3339: 3338: 3334: 3324: 3322: 3312: 3311: 3307: 3297: 3295: 3285: 3284: 3280: 3270: 3268: 3263:. The Week UK. 3258: 3257: 3253: 3243: 3241: 3228: 3227: 3223: 3213: 3211: 3201: 3200: 3196: 3186: 3184: 3175: 3174: 3170: 3160: 3158: 3149: 3148: 3144: 3136: 3129: 3121: 3117: 3107: 3105: 3095: 3094: 3090: 3082: 3078: 3070: 3066: 3058: 3054: 3046: 3042: 3032: 3030: 3026: 3019: 3014: 3013: 3009: 3001: 2994: 2986: 2982: 2974: 2967: 2959: 2948: 2940: 2936: 2928: 2924: 2916: 2912: 2904: 2897: 2889: 2885: 2877: 2873: 2854: 2853: 2849: 2841: 2837: 2827: 2825: 2811: 2810: 2799: 2791: 2782: 2774: 2770: 2760: 2758: 2748: 2747: 2743: 2739:, pp. 6–8. 2735: 2728: 2718: 2716: 2706: 2705: 2698: 2688: 2686: 2676: 2675: 2671: 2663: 2654: 2644: 2642: 2635: 2615: 2614: 2610: 2602: 2595: 2585: 2583: 2574: 2573: 2569: 2559: 2557: 2548: 2547: 2543: 2533: 2531: 2517: 2516: 2512: 2502: 2500: 2489: 2488: 2484: 2476: 2469: 2461: 2457: 2449: 2445: 2437: 2433: 2423: 2421: 2408: 2407: 2403: 2384: 2383: 2372: 2362: 2360: 2348: 2347: 2343: 2333: 2331: 2318: 2317: 2308: 2300: 2296: 2288: 2281: 2273: 2264: 2256: 2252: 2242: 2240: 2226: 2225: 2221: 2213: 2206: 2196: 2194: 2185: 2184: 2180: 2170: 2168: 2159: 2158: 2154: 2144: 2142: 2137: 2136: 2132: 2124: 2120: 2112: 2103: 2095: 2091: 2083: 2076: 2068: 2061: 2051: 2049: 2040: 2039: 2035: 2027: 2023: 2015: 2011: 2003: 1999: 1991: 1987: 1977: 1975: 1958: 1957: 1953: 1947:Stephenson 2007 1945: 1941: 1933: 1929: 1921: 1917: 1909: 1905: 1897: 1890: 1882: 1878: 1870: 1863: 1855: 1851: 1843: 1839: 1834: 1829: 1828: 1815: 1811: 1802: 1798: 1785: 1781: 1772: 1768: 1758: 1754: 1737: 1733: 1724: 1720: 1714: 1710: 1693: 1689: 1680: 1676: 1663: 1659: 1653: 1649: 1644: 1640: 1634: 1630: 1624: 1620: 1615: 1592: 1585: 1582: 1573: 1570: 1561: 1558: 1549: 1542: 1533: 1530: 1521: 1487: 1454: 1406: 1394:Buckinghamshire 1358: 1318: 1242: 1214: 1169: 1121: 1101:William Herbert 1088: 1082: 1080:Great Staircase 1036: 997: 984: 967: 880: 847: 800: 794:William Herbert 776: 755: 695:Powys Wenwynwyn 679:Montgomeryshire 656: 631: 620: 613:Owain Cyfeiliog 598:railway station 575:Powys Wenwynwyn 551: 546: 482: 476:Owen de la Pole 394: 393: 392: 391: 388: 387: 386: 333: 330:Listed Building 295: 292:Listed Building 257: 254:Listed Building 219: 216:Listed Building 185: 183: 180: 163: 146: 103: 101: 97: 94: 89: 86: 84: 82: 81: 47: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6612: 6610: 6602: 6601: 6596: 6591: 6586: 6581: 6576: 6571: 6566: 6561: 6556: 6551: 6546: 6541: 6536: 6531: 6521: 6520: 6514: 6513: 6511: 6510: 6498: 6485: 6482: 6481: 6479: 6478: 6473: 6468: 6463: 6458: 6453: 6452: 6451: 6446: 6438: 6436:Country houses 6433: 6428: 6423: 6418: 6413: 6408: 6402: 6400: 6396: 6395: 6393: 6392: 6387: 6382: 6380:Llangorse Lake 6377: 6372: 6367: 6362: 6356: 6354: 6350: 6349: 6347: 6346: 6341: 6336: 6331: 6326: 6321: 6316: 6311: 6306: 6301: 6296: 6291: 6289:Aberedw Castle 6286: 6280: 6278: 6272: 6271: 6269: 6268: 6263: 6258: 6253: 6248: 6243: 6238: 6233: 6228: 6223: 6218: 6213: 6208: 6203: 6198: 6193: 6188: 6183: 6178: 6173: 6168: 6163: 6158: 6153: 6148: 6143: 6138: 6133: 6128: 6123: 6118: 6113: 6108: 6103: 6098: 6093: 6088: 6083: 6078: 6073: 6068: 6063: 6058: 6053: 6048: 6043: 6038: 6033: 6028: 6023: 6018: 6013: 6011:Llansantffraed 6008: 6003: 6001:Llanllwchaiarn 5998: 5993: 5988: 5983: 5978: 5973: 5968: 5963: 5958: 5953: 5948: 5943: 5938: 5933: 5928: 5923: 5918: 5913: 5908: 5903: 5898: 5893: 5888: 5883: 5878: 5873: 5868: 5863: 5858: 5853: 5848: 5843: 5838: 5833: 5828: 5823: 5818: 5813: 5808: 5803: 5798: 5793: 5788: 5783: 5778: 5773: 5768: 5763: 5758: 5753: 5748: 5743: 5738: 5733: 5728: 5723: 5718: 5713: 5708: 5703: 5698: 5693: 5688: 5683: 5678: 5673: 5668: 5663: 5658: 5656:Bont Dolgadfan 5653: 5648: 5643: 5638: 5633: 5628: 5623: 5618: 5613: 5608: 5603: 5598: 5593: 5588: 5583: 5578: 5573: 5568: 5563: 5558: 5553: 5548: 5543: 5538: 5532: 5530: 5526: 5525: 5523: 5522: 5517: 5512: 5507: 5502: 5497: 5492: 5487: 5482: 5477: 5472: 5467: 5462: 5457: 5452: 5447: 5442: 5437: 5432: 5427: 5422: 5417: 5412: 5407: 5402: 5397: 5392: 5387: 5382: 5377: 5372: 5367: 5362: 5357: 5352: 5347: 5342: 5337: 5335:Llansantffraid 5332: 5327: 5322: 5317: 5312: 5307: 5302: 5297: 5292: 5287: 5282: 5277: 5272: 5267: 5262: 5257: 5252: 5247: 5242: 5237: 5232: 5227: 5222: 5217: 5212: 5207: 5202: 5197: 5192: 5187: 5182: 5177: 5172: 5167: 5162: 5157: 5152: 5147: 5142: 5137: 5132: 5127: 5122: 5117: 5112: 5107: 5102: 5097: 5092: 5087: 5082: 5077: 5072: 5067: 5062: 5057: 5052: 5047: 5042: 5037: 5032: 5027: 5022: 5017: 5012: 5007: 5002: 4997: 4992: 4987: 4982: 4977: 4971: 4969: 4965: 4964: 4957: 4955: 4953: 4952: 4947: 4942: 4937: 4932: 4927: 4922: 4917: 4912: 4907: 4902: 4897: 4892: 4887: 4882: 4877: 4872: 4867: 4861: 4859: 4855: 4854: 4849: 4847: 4846: 4839: 4832: 4824: 4818: 4817: 4812: 4807: 4795: 4788: 4787:External links 4785: 4784: 4783: 4777: 4756: 4743: 4730: 4713: 4699: 4684: 4662: 4656: 4643: 4629: 4611: 4597: 4582: 4568: 4553: 4539: 4520: 4514: 4500:Jenkins, Simon 4496: 4482: 4474:National Trust 4463: 4449: 4430: 4424: 4416:National Trust 4414:. London, UK: 4405: 4393:National Trust 4382: 4376: 4363: 4349: 4334: 4328: 4313: 4307: 4287: 4260: 4257: 4254: 4253: 4241: 4214: 4202: 4190: 4178: 4166: 4140: 4138:, p. 178. 4128: 4116: 4085: 4069:"Powis Castle" 4060: 4043:"Powis Castle" 4034: 4017:"Adrian Duval" 4008: 3987: 3968: 3944: 3920: 3896: 3872: 3848: 3824: 3800: 3776: 3752: 3728: 3704: 3680: 3656: 3632: 3608: 3584: 3560: 3536: 3512: 3488: 3464: 3440: 3416: 3384: 3358: 3332: 3305: 3278: 3251: 3234:New York Times 3221: 3194: 3168: 3142: 3138:Gallagher 1993 3127: 3125:, p. 176. 3115: 3088: 3076: 3072:Gallagher 1993 3064: 3052: 3050:, p. 248. 3040: 3007: 2992: 2980: 2965: 2946: 2944:, p. 350. 2934: 2932:, p. 154. 2922: 2920:, p. 244. 2910: 2895: 2893:, p. 247. 2883: 2879:Gallagher 1993 2871: 2847: 2843:Gallagher 1993 2835: 2797: 2780: 2768: 2741: 2737:Gallagher 1993 2726: 2696: 2669: 2652: 2633: 2608: 2604:Gallagher 1993 2593: 2567: 2541: 2510: 2482: 2467: 2465:, p. 351. 2455: 2443: 2431: 2401: 2370: 2341: 2306: 2302:Gallagher 1993 2294: 2279: 2275:Gallagher 1993 2262: 2258:Gallagher 1993 2250: 2219: 2215:Gallagher 1993 2204: 2178: 2152: 2139:"Powis Castle" 2130: 2126:Gallagher 1993 2118: 2114:Gallagher 1993 2101: 2097:Gallagher 1993 2089: 2085:Gallagher 1993 2074: 2072:, p. 243. 2059: 2033: 2031:, p. 329. 2021: 2009: 1997: 1985: 1951: 1939: 1937:, p. 242. 1927: 1925:, p. 196. 1915: 1913:, p. 327. 1903: 1888: 1876: 1861: 1849: 1847:, p. 326. 1836: 1835: 1833: 1830: 1827: 1826: 1818:Thomas Pennant 1809: 1796: 1779: 1766: 1752: 1731: 1725:The statue of 1718: 1708: 1687: 1674: 1657: 1647: 1638: 1628: 1617: 1616: 1614: 1611: 1610: 1609: 1603: 1598: 1591: 1588: 1587: 1586: 1583: 1576: 1574: 1571: 1564: 1562: 1559: 1552: 1550: 1543: 1536: 1534: 1531: 1524: 1520: 1517: 1486: 1483: 1453: 1450: 1405: 1402: 1357: 1354: 1317: 1314: 1241: 1238: 1213: 1210: 1168: 1165: 1120: 1117: 1113:Paolo Veronese 1089: 1673-85 1081: 1078: 1053:Antonio Verrio 1035: 1032: 996: 993: 983: 980: 966: 963: 959:National Trust 953:in 1916, and 904:Clive of India 879: 876: 864:George Herbert 837:third Marquess 775: 772: 734:Roman Catholic 709:, who married 703:Maelor Saesneg 655: 652: 583:Trallwg/Tallwm 550: 547: 545: 542: 526:Clive of India 502:Roman Catholic 440:National Trust 436:formal gardens 432:earls of Powis 396: 395: 389: 380: 379: 373: 372: 371: 370: 367: 366: 363: 362: 359: 358: 355: 351: 350: 347: 343: 342: 339: 335: 334: 328: 325: 324: 321: 320: 317: 313: 312: 309: 305: 304: 301: 297: 296: 290: 287: 286: 283: 282: 279: 275: 274: 271: 267: 266: 263: 259: 258: 252: 249: 248: 245: 244: 241: 237: 236: 233: 229: 228: 225: 221: 220: 214: 211: 210: 207: 206: 203: 199: 198: 197:PGW(Po)35(POW) 195: 191: 190: 177: 173: 172: 169: 165: 164: 159: 156: 155: 152: 151: 144: 140: 139: 137:National Trust 134: 130: 129: 116: 112: 111: 79: 75: 74: 61: 57: 56: 53: 49: 48: 45: 37: 36: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6611: 6600: 6597: 6595: 6592: 6590: 6587: 6585: 6582: 6580: 6577: 6575: 6572: 6570: 6567: 6565: 6562: 6560: 6557: 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6139: 6137: 6134: 6132: 6129: 6127: 6124: 6122: 6119: 6117: 6114: 6112: 6109: 6107: 6104: 6102: 6099: 6097: 6094: 6092: 6089: 6087: 6084: 6082: 6079: 6077: 6074: 6072: 6069: 6067: 6064: 6062: 6059: 6057: 6054: 6052: 6049: 6047: 6044: 6042: 6039: 6037: 6034: 6032: 6029: 6027: 6024: 6022: 6019: 6017: 6014: 6012: 6009: 6007: 6004: 6002: 5999: 5997: 5994: 5992: 5989: 5987: 5984: 5982: 5979: 5977: 5974: 5972: 5969: 5967: 5964: 5962: 5959: 5957: 5954: 5952: 5949: 5947: 5944: 5942: 5939: 5937: 5934: 5932: 5929: 5927: 5924: 5922: 5919: 5917: 5914: 5912: 5909: 5907: 5904: 5902: 5901:Llanafan Fawr 5899: 5897: 5894: 5892: 5889: 5887: 5884: 5882: 5879: 5877: 5874: 5872: 5869: 5867: 5864: 5862: 5859: 5857: 5854: 5852: 5849: 5847: 5844: 5842: 5839: 5837: 5834: 5832: 5829: 5827: 5826:Esgairgeiliog 5824: 5822: 5819: 5817: 5814: 5812: 5809: 5807: 5804: 5802: 5799: 5797: 5794: 5792: 5791:Cwrt-y-Gollen 5789: 5787: 5784: 5782: 5779: 5777: 5774: 5772: 5769: 5767: 5764: 5762: 5759: 5757: 5754: 5752: 5749: 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5351: 5348: 5346: 5343: 5341: 5338: 5336: 5333: 5331: 5328: 5326: 5323: 5321: 5318: 5316: 5313: 5311: 5308: 5306: 5303: 5301: 5298: 5296: 5293: 5291: 5288: 5286: 5283: 5281: 5278: 5276: 5273: 5271: 5268: 5266: 5263: 5261: 5258: 5256: 5253: 5251: 5248: 5246: 5243: 5241: 5238: 5236: 5233: 5231: 5228: 5226: 5223: 5221: 5218: 5216: 5213: 5211: 5208: 5206: 5203: 5201: 5198: 5196: 5193: 5191: 5188: 5186: 5183: 5181: 5178: 5176: 5175:Llanafan Fawr 5173: 5171: 5168: 5166: 5163: 5161: 5158: 5156: 5153: 5151: 5148: 5146: 5143: 5141: 5138: 5136: 5133: 5131: 5128: 5126: 5123: 5121: 5118: 5116: 5113: 5111: 5108: 5106: 5103: 5101: 5098: 5096: 5093: 5091: 5088: 5086: 5083: 5081: 5078: 5076: 5073: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5063: 5061: 5058: 5056: 5053: 5051: 5048: 5046: 5043: 5041: 5038: 5036: 5033: 5031: 5028: 5026: 5023: 5021: 5018: 5016: 5013: 5011: 5008: 5006: 5003: 5001: 4998: 4996: 4993: 4991: 4988: 4986: 4983: 4981: 4978: 4976: 4973: 4972: 4970: 4966: 4961: 4951: 4950:Ystradgynlais 4948: 4946: 4943: 4941: 4938: 4936: 4933: 4931: 4928: 4926: 4923: 4921: 4918: 4916: 4913: 4911: 4908: 4906: 4903: 4901: 4898: 4896: 4893: 4891: 4888: 4886: 4883: 4881: 4878: 4876: 4873: 4871: 4868: 4866: 4863: 4862: 4860: 4856: 4852: 4845: 4840: 4838: 4833: 4831: 4826: 4825: 4822: 4816: 4813: 4811: 4808: 4806: 4802: 4799: 4796: 4794: 4791: 4790: 4786: 4780: 4774: 4770: 4765: 4764: 4757: 4753: 4749: 4744: 4740: 4736: 4731: 4727: 4723: 4719: 4714: 4710: 4706: 4702: 4696: 4692: 4691: 4685: 4681: 4677: 4673: 4672: 4667: 4663: 4659: 4653: 4649: 4644: 4640: 4636: 4632: 4626: 4622: 4621: 4616: 4612: 4608: 4604: 4600: 4594: 4590: 4589: 4583: 4579: 4575: 4571: 4565: 4561: 4560: 4554: 4550: 4546: 4542: 4536: 4532: 4528: 4527: 4521: 4517: 4511: 4507: 4506: 4501: 4497: 4493: 4489: 4485: 4479: 4475: 4471: 4470: 4464: 4460: 4456: 4452: 4446: 4442: 4438: 4437: 4431: 4427: 4421: 4417: 4413: 4412: 4406: 4402: 4398: 4394: 4390: 4389: 4383: 4379: 4373: 4369: 4364: 4360: 4356: 4352: 4346: 4342: 4341: 4335: 4331: 4325: 4321: 4320: 4314: 4310: 4308:9781781310946 4304: 4300: 4296: 4292: 4288: 4276: 4272: 4268: 4263: 4262: 4258: 4251:, p. 23. 4250: 4245: 4242: 4229: 4225: 4218: 4215: 4211: 4206: 4203: 4200:, p. 19. 4199: 4194: 4191: 4188:, p. 15. 4187: 4182: 4179: 4176:, p. 13. 4175: 4170: 4167: 4154: 4150: 4144: 4141: 4137: 4136:Nicolson 1968 4132: 4129: 4125: 4120: 4117: 4105: 4104: 4099: 4095: 4089: 4086: 4070: 4064: 4061: 4048: 4044: 4038: 4035: 4022: 4018: 4012: 4009: 4005: 4000: 3998: 3996: 3994: 3992: 3988: 3985:, p. 30. 3984: 3979: 3977: 3975: 3973: 3969: 3964: 3963: 3958: 3954: 3948: 3945: 3940: 3939: 3934: 3930: 3924: 3921: 3916: 3915: 3910: 3906: 3900: 3897: 3892: 3891: 3886: 3882: 3876: 3873: 3868: 3867: 3862: 3858: 3852: 3849: 3844: 3843: 3838: 3834: 3828: 3825: 3820: 3819: 3814: 3810: 3804: 3801: 3796: 3795: 3790: 3786: 3780: 3777: 3772: 3771: 3766: 3762: 3756: 3753: 3748: 3747: 3742: 3738: 3732: 3729: 3724: 3723: 3718: 3714: 3708: 3705: 3700: 3699: 3694: 3690: 3684: 3681: 3676: 3675: 3670: 3666: 3660: 3657: 3652: 3651: 3646: 3642: 3636: 3633: 3628: 3627: 3622: 3618: 3612: 3609: 3604: 3603: 3598: 3594: 3588: 3585: 3580: 3579: 3574: 3570: 3564: 3561: 3556: 3555: 3550: 3546: 3540: 3537: 3532: 3531: 3526: 3522: 3516: 3513: 3508: 3507: 3502: 3498: 3492: 3489: 3484: 3483: 3478: 3474: 3468: 3465: 3460: 3459: 3454: 3450: 3444: 3441: 3436: 3435: 3430: 3426: 3420: 3417: 3401: 3394: 3388: 3385: 3372: 3368: 3362: 3359: 3346: 3342: 3336: 3333: 3320: 3316: 3309: 3306: 3293: 3289: 3282: 3279: 3266: 3262: 3255: 3252: 3239: 3235: 3231: 3225: 3222: 3209: 3205: 3198: 3195: 3182: 3178: 3172: 3169: 3156: 3152: 3146: 3143: 3140:, p. 28. 3139: 3134: 3132: 3128: 3124: 3123:Nicolson 1968 3119: 3116: 3103: 3099: 3092: 3089: 3086:, p. 20. 3085: 3080: 3077: 3074:, p. 22. 3073: 3068: 3065: 3061: 3056: 3053: 3049: 3044: 3041: 3025: 3018: 3011: 3008: 3005:, p. 12. 3004: 2999: 2997: 2993: 2989: 2984: 2981: 2977: 2972: 2970: 2966: 2962: 2957: 2955: 2953: 2951: 2947: 2943: 2938: 2935: 2931: 2926: 2923: 2919: 2914: 2911: 2907: 2902: 2900: 2896: 2892: 2887: 2884: 2881:, p. 29. 2880: 2875: 2872: 2867: 2866: 2861: 2857: 2851: 2848: 2844: 2839: 2836: 2823: 2819: 2815: 2808: 2806: 2804: 2802: 2798: 2794: 2789: 2787: 2785: 2781: 2778:, p. 60. 2777: 2772: 2769: 2756: 2752: 2745: 2742: 2738: 2733: 2731: 2727: 2714: 2710: 2703: 2701: 2697: 2684: 2680: 2673: 2670: 2666: 2661: 2659: 2657: 2653: 2640: 2636: 2630: 2626: 2622: 2619:. Who's Who. 2618: 2612: 2609: 2606:, p. 63. 2605: 2600: 2598: 2594: 2581: 2577: 2571: 2568: 2555: 2551: 2545: 2542: 2529: 2525: 2521: 2514: 2511: 2498: 2497: 2492: 2486: 2483: 2479: 2474: 2472: 2468: 2464: 2459: 2456: 2452: 2447: 2444: 2441:, p. 54. 2440: 2435: 2432: 2419: 2415: 2411: 2405: 2402: 2397: 2396: 2391: 2387: 2381: 2379: 2377: 2375: 2371: 2359: 2355: 2351: 2345: 2342: 2329: 2325: 2321: 2315: 2313: 2311: 2307: 2303: 2298: 2295: 2292:, p. 31. 2291: 2286: 2284: 2280: 2277:, p. 59. 2276: 2271: 2269: 2267: 2263: 2260:, p. 58. 2259: 2254: 2251: 2239: 2238: 2233: 2229: 2223: 2220: 2216: 2211: 2209: 2205: 2192: 2188: 2182: 2179: 2166: 2162: 2156: 2153: 2140: 2134: 2131: 2127: 2122: 2119: 2116:, p. 55. 2115: 2110: 2108: 2106: 2102: 2098: 2093: 2090: 2087:, p. 54. 2086: 2081: 2079: 2075: 2071: 2066: 2064: 2060: 2047: 2043: 2037: 2034: 2030: 2025: 2022: 2018: 2013: 2010: 2007:, p. 98. 2006: 2005:Spurgeon 1966 2001: 1998: 1995:, p. 92. 1994: 1989: 1986: 1973: 1969: 1965: 1961: 1955: 1952: 1948: 1943: 1940: 1936: 1931: 1928: 1924: 1919: 1916: 1912: 1907: 1904: 1901:, p. 98. 1900: 1895: 1893: 1889: 1886:, p. 91. 1885: 1880: 1877: 1874:, p. 51. 1873: 1872:Spurgeon 1966 1868: 1866: 1862: 1858: 1853: 1850: 1846: 1841: 1838: 1831: 1823: 1819: 1813: 1810: 1806: 1800: 1797: 1793: 1789: 1783: 1780: 1776: 1770: 1767: 1762: 1756: 1753: 1750:in the 1920s. 1749: 1745: 1744:Thomas Garner 1741: 1735: 1732: 1728: 1722: 1719: 1712: 1709: 1705: 1704:Thomas Garner 1701: 1700:Hewell Grange 1697: 1691: 1688: 1684: 1678: 1675: 1671: 1667: 1661: 1658: 1651: 1648: 1642: 1639: 1632: 1629: 1622: 1619: 1612: 1607: 1604: 1602: 1599: 1597: 1594: 1593: 1589: 1580: 1575: 1568: 1563: 1556: 1551: 1547: 1540: 1535: 1528: 1523: 1518: 1516: 1513: 1507: 1505: 1501: 1491: 1484: 1482: 1480: 1476: 1472: 1468: 1458: 1451: 1449: 1447: 1443: 1438: 1434: 1430: 1425: 1423: 1419: 1410: 1403: 1401: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1387: 1381: 1379: 1374: 1370: 1362: 1355: 1353: 1351: 1347: 1343: 1339: 1335: 1331: 1327: 1323: 1315: 1313: 1311: 1307: 1301: 1299: 1295: 1291: 1287: 1283: 1279: 1278:Tipu Sultan's 1275: 1271: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1255: 1254:self-made man 1246: 1239: 1237: 1234: 1230: 1226: 1223: 1219: 1211: 1209: 1207: 1203: 1199: 1195: 1191: 1187: 1183: 1182:William Winde 1179: 1175: 1167:State Bedroom 1166: 1164: 1162: 1158: 1154: 1150: 1146: 1142: 1138: 1129: 1125: 1118: 1116: 1114: 1110: 1109:Doge's Palace 1106: 1102: 1098: 1094: 1079: 1077: 1074: 1073:George Bodley 1070: 1066: 1062: 1058: 1054: 1050: 1049: 1045: 1041: 1033: 1031: 1029: 1025: 1021: 1017: 1016:John van Nost 1013: 1008: 1006: 1002: 994: 988: 981: 979: 977: 973: 964: 962: 960: 956: 952: 948: 944: 940: 935: 933: 929: 925: 921: 917: 914:. Their son, 913: 909: 905: 901: 897: 889: 884: 877: 875: 873: 869: 865: 861: 857: 853: 842: 841:Henry Herbert 838: 834: 828: 826: 822: 818: 814: 810: 806: 805:William Winde 795: 787: 786: 780: 773: 771: 769: 765: 761: 750: 745: 743: 739: 735: 731: 727: 722: 720: 716: 715:Joyce Tiptoft 712: 708: 704: 700: 696: 692: 688: 684: 680: 676: 671: 664: 660: 653: 651: 649: 645: 640: 629: 618: 614: 609: 607: 603: 599: 595: 590: 588: 584: 580: 576: 572: 568: 564: 560: 556: 548: 543: 541: 539: 535: 531: 527: 523: 519: 514: 512: 507: 503: 499: 494: 492: 488: 477: 472: 468: 464: 460: 456: 451: 449: 445: 441: 437: 433: 429: 425: 421: 417: 414: 410: 409:Castell Powys 406: 402: 377: 368: 364: 360: 356: 349:11 March 1981 348: 340: 338:Official name 331: 322: 318: 311:11 March 1981 310: 302: 300:Official name 293: 284: 280: 273:11 March 1981 272: 264: 262:Official name 255: 246: 242: 235:25 April 1950 234: 226: 224:Official name 217: 208: 204: 196: 178: 170: 168:Official name 162: 153: 149: 145: 141: 138: 135: 131: 128: 124: 123:Robert Smirke 120: 119:William Winde 117: 113: 108: 80: 76: 73: 69: 65: 62: 58: 54: 50: 43: 38: 33: 30: 19: 6339:Powis Castle 6338: 6266:Ystradfellte 6026:Llanwchaiarn 5906:Llanbrynmair 5751:Commins Coch 5726:Church Stoke 5721:Cemmaes Road 5701:Capel-y-ffin 5671:Builth Wells 5541:Aber Clydach 5515:Ystradfellte 5250:Llanfihangel 5195:Llanbrynmair 4975:Abbey Cwmhir 4870:Builth Wells 4762: 4751: 4747: 4738: 4734: 4725: 4721: 4689: 4670: 4647: 4619: 4587: 4558: 4525: 4504: 4469:Powis Castle 4468: 4435: 4410: 4388:Powis Castle 4387: 4367: 4339: 4318: 4294: 4291:Aslet, Clive 4279:. Retrieved 4274: 4270: 4244: 4232:. Retrieved 4217: 4212:, p. 7. 4205: 4193: 4181: 4169: 4157:. Retrieved 4143: 4131: 4126:, p. 5. 4119: 4107:. Retrieved 4101: 4088: 4076:. Retrieved 4063: 4051:. Retrieved 4037: 4025:. Retrieved 4011: 3983:Whittle 1992 3960: 3947: 3936: 3923: 3912: 3899: 3888: 3875: 3864: 3851: 3840: 3827: 3816: 3803: 3792: 3779: 3768: 3755: 3744: 3731: 3720: 3707: 3696: 3683: 3672: 3659: 3648: 3635: 3624: 3611: 3600: 3587: 3576: 3563: 3552: 3539: 3528: 3515: 3504: 3491: 3480: 3467: 3456: 3443: 3432: 3419: 3407:. Retrieved 3387: 3375:. Retrieved 3361: 3349:. Retrieved 3335: 3323:. Retrieved 3308: 3296:. Retrieved 3281: 3269:. Retrieved 3254: 3242:. Retrieved 3233: 3224: 3212:. Retrieved 3206:. The Week. 3197: 3185:. Retrieved 3171: 3159:. Retrieved 3145: 3118: 3106:. Retrieved 3091: 3079: 3067: 3055: 3043: 3031:. Retrieved 3010: 2983: 2976:Greeves 2008 2937: 2925: 2913: 2886: 2874: 2863: 2850: 2845:, p. 6. 2838: 2826:. Retrieved 2818:The Guardian 2817: 2793:Greeves 2008 2771: 2759:. Retrieved 2744: 2717:. Retrieved 2687:. Retrieved 2672: 2665:Jenkins 2008 2643:. Retrieved 2611: 2584:. Retrieved 2570: 2558:. Retrieved 2544: 2532:. Retrieved 2524:The Guardian 2523: 2513: 2501:. Retrieved 2494: 2485: 2480:, p. 9. 2458: 2446: 2434: 2422:. Retrieved 2413: 2404: 2393: 2363:30 September 2361:. Retrieved 2353: 2344: 2332:. Retrieved 2323: 2304:, p. 4. 2297: 2290:Whittle 1992 2253: 2241:. Retrieved 2235: 2222: 2195:. Retrieved 2181: 2169:. Retrieved 2155: 2143:. Retrieved 2133: 2121: 2092: 2050:. Retrieved 2036: 2024: 2012: 2000: 1988: 1976:. 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