51:
1442:, and other photographic printing processes based on differential hardening. Typically, after exposure, the unhardened portion was rinsed away with warm water, leaving a thin relief that either contained a pigment included during manufacture or was subsequently stained with a dye. Some processes depended on the hardening only, in combination with the differential absorption of certain dyes by the hardened or unhardened areas. Because some of these processes allowed the use of highly stable dyes and pigments, such as
326:
207:
1797:
1868:; chromium is highly likely to induce sensitization leading to dermatitis, especially of the hand and forearms, which is chronic and difficult to treat. Toxicological studies have further illustrated its highly toxic nature. With rabbits and rodents, concentrations as low as 14 mg/kg have shown a 50% fatality rate amongst test groups. Aquatic organisms are especially vulnerable if exposed, and hence responsible disposal according to the local environmental regulations is advised.
42:
693:
678:
698:
688:
683:
719:
1844:
1491:, a compound that is insensitive to light. After thorough washing and exposure to actinic light, the film is developed again allowing the previously unexposed silver halide to be reduced to silver metal. The results obtained can be unpredictable, but sometimes excellent results are obtained producing images that would otherwise be unobtainable. This process can be coupled with
885:
724:
1524:
sensitized with a dichromate is applied evenly to the taut screen. Once the dichromate mixture is dry, a full-size photographic positive is attached securely onto the surface of the screen, and the whole assembly exposed to strong light – times vary from 3 minutes to a half an hour in bright sunlight
1482:
can be used to produce a reversal negative (that is, a positive transparency from a negative film). This is effected by developing a black and white film but allowing the development to proceed more or less to the end point. The development is then stopped by copious washing and the film then
722:
1525:– hardening the exposed colloid. When the positive is removed, the unexposed mixture on the screen can be washed off with warm water, leaving the hardened mixture intact, acting as a precise mask of the desired pattern, which can then be printed with the usual
2259:
in humans for the carcinogenicity of chromium (VI) compounds. Chromium (VI) compounds cause cancer of the lung. Also positive associations have been observed between exposure to
Chromium (VI) compounds and cancer of the nose and nasal sinuses. There is
1112:, changing color from orange to green. This color change arises because the aldehyde can be oxidized to the corresponding carboxylic acid. A ketone will show no such change because it cannot be oxidized further, and so the solution will remain orange.
1696:(0.800 fine) will turn brown (largely due to the presence of copper which turns the solution brown) and even green for 0.500 silver. Brass turns dark brown, copper turns brown, lead and tin both turn yellow while gold and palladium do not change.
2166:
Zug KA, Warshaw EM, Fowler JF Jr, Maibach HI, Belsito DL, Pratt MD, Sasseville D, Storrs FJ, Taylor JS, Mathias CG, Deleo VA, Rietschel RL, Marks J. Patch-test results of the North
American Contact Dermatitis Group 2005–2006. Dermatitis. 2009
1708:, as it turns distinctively from orange to green. This is typical of all redox reactions where hexavalent chromium is reduced to trivalent chromium. Therefore, it is not a conclusive test for sulfur dioxide. The final product formed is Cr
1988:
Gerd Anger, Jost
Halstenberg, Klaus Hochgeschwender, Christoph Scherhag, Ulrich Korallus, Herbert Knopf, Peter Schmidt, Manfred Ohlinger, "Chromium Compounds" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2005.
1093:. It converts primary alcohols into aldehydes and, under more forcing conditions, into carboxylic acids. In contrast, potassium permanganate tends to give carboxylic acids as the sole products. Secondary alcohols are converted into
1783:
Potassium dichromate is used to stain certain types of wood by darkening the tannins in the wood. It produces deep, rich browns that cannot be achieved with modern color dyes. It is a particularly effective treatment on
658:
725:
1414:
discovered that paper treated with a solution of potassium dichromate was visibly tanned by exposure to sunlight, the discoloration remaining after the potassium dichromate had been rinsed out. In 1852,
1688:
solution it is called
Schwerter's solution and is used to test for the presence of various metals, notably for determination of silver purity. Pure silver will turn the solution bright red,
953:
compounds, it is acutely and chronically harmful to health. It is a crystalline ionic solid with a very bright, red-orange color. The salt is popular in laboratories because it is not
723:
1467:
diluted down to approximately 10% v/v to treat weak and thin negatives of black and white photograph roll. This solution reconverts the elemental silver particles in the film to
144:
898:
3531:
2081:
Pekka Roto; Hannele Sainio; Timo
Reunala; Pekka Laippala (January 1996). "Addition of ferrous sulfate to cement and risk of chromium dermatitis among construction workers".
1973:"ChemIDplus - 7778-50-9 - KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N - Potassium dichromate - Similar structures search, synonyms, formulas, resource links, and other chemical information"
1108:
In an aqueous solution the color change exhibited can be used to test for distinguishing aldehydes from ketones. Aldehydes reduce dichromate from the +6 to the +3
2356:
1546:
1382:" for cleaning glassware and etching materials. Because of safety concerns associated with hexavalent chromium, this practice has been largely discontinued.
365:
2225:
50:
1653:. Adding the amount of excess dichromate from the initial amount, gives the amount of ethanol present. Accuracy can be improved by calibrating the
3524:
2229:
2242:
2188:
2137:
1930:
607:
2314:
1446:, prints with an extremely high degree of archival permanence and resistance to fading from prolonged exposure to light could be produced.
2324:
1520:
a fine screen of bolting silk or similar material is stretched taut onto a frame similar to the way canvas is prepared before painting. A
1453:
in various industrial applications, most widely in the creation of metal printing plates for use in photomechanical printing processes.
4063:
3517:
1475:
light, the film can be redeveloped to its end-point yielding a stronger negative which is able to produce a more satisfactory print.
4058:
2349:
747:
340:
1350:
Potassium dichromate has few major applications, as the sodium salt is dominant industrially. The main use is as a precursor to
4053:
3332:
3015:
1676:
orange to Cr(III) green. The degree of the color change is directly related to the level of alcohol in the suspect's breath.
639:
1557:
with acidified potassium dichromate. Reacting the sample with an excess of potassium dichromate, all ethanol is oxidized to
41:
3149:
3053:
2845:
1537:
Because it is non-hygroscopic, potassium dichromate is a common reagent in classical "wet tests" in analytical chemistry.
905:
4043:
3101:
3039:
2342:
2302:
273:
697:
692:
4017:
3077:
3065:
2589:
304:
1164:
is added to an orange-red solution containing dichromate ions, a yellow solution is obtained due to the formation of
3379:
3111:
2984:
4068:
3772:
3125:
1394:
in which it retards the setting of the mixture and improves its density and texture. This usage commonly causes
214:
1883:
and exposure may produce severe eye damage or blindness. Human exposure further encompasses impaired fertility.
677:
3761:
3471:
3275:
3263:
2956:
1828:
3487:
1900:
3316:
733:
3540:
2833:
2797:
2613:
1165:
3300:
2908:
2861:
1545:
682:
202:
4007:
3804:
3239:
3231:
3187:
3175:
3163:
2885:
2873:
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2544:
2402:
1087:
1083:
867:
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164:
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836:
832:
3451:
2936:
2821:
2670:
2629:
2597:
2477:
2457:
2415:
2264:
in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of chromium (VI) compounds. Chromium (VI) compounds are
1351:
1320:
687:
670:
544:
63:
1419:
discovered that exposure to ultraviolet light in the presence of potassium dichromate hardened organic
4048:
2645:
2519:
2384:
1399:
1796:
3917:
3664:
3407:
3219:
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110:
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1132:
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28:
3027:
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3863:
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3708:
3419:
3391:
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3359:
3207:
2780:
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2747:
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2549:
2535:
2527:
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2016:
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1464:
1375:
1371:
1309:
1234:
1079:
979:
958:
855:
802:
529:
2204:
1495:
so that the end product resembles a negative and is suitable for printing in the normal way.
3698:
3616:
3582:
2441:
2436:
2090:
2047:
1990:
1416:
504:
470:
388:
282:
184:
3674:
3636:
3554:
2764:
2756:
2493:
2038:
M. Saha; C. R. Srinivas; S. D. Shenoy; C. Balachandran (May 1993). "Footwear dermatitis".
1689:
1526:
1517:
1510:
1468:
1355:
1109:
946:
120:
2309:
808:
2330:
Gold refining article listing color change when testing metals with
Schwerter's Solution
2280:
1668:
tests. When alcohol vapor makes contact with the orange dichromate-coated crystals, the
325:
206:
3796:
2126:
2094:
2051:
1820:
1705:
1554:
1488:
1439:
876:
4037:
3718:
3688:
1945:
1479:
1230:
564:
459:
449:
195:
2110:
2067:
17:
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1972:
1832:
1665:
1492:
1443:
1435:
1411:
1379:
1367:
954:
246:
2178:
1800:
A ~10 mm crystal of potassium dichromate in the same form as the mineral lópezite
2007:
1808:
1693:
1685:
1558:
1450:
790:
766:
550:
93:
1961:
Like all compounds of hexavalent chromium, potassium dichromate is carcinogenic
754:
2319:
1876:
1865:
1858:
1847:
1843:
1654:
1428:
485:
411:
175:
1994:
3509:
1922:
1880:
922:
535:
293:
2102:
2059:
1854:
1785:
1420:
1098:
987:
928:
753:
746:
739:
732:
705:
1816:
1805:
1521:
1506:
1472:
1424:
1102:
495:
491:
439:
233:
215:
2334:
2153:
1872:
1673:
1498:
1484:
1463:
uses potassium dichromate together with equal parts of concentrated
1391:
1181:
1161:
1094:
994:. It is soluble in water and in the dissolution process it ionizes:
934:
155:
875:
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
2315:
National
Pollutant Inventory – Chromium VI and compounds fact sheet
1509:
when exposed to strong light. This quality is used in photographic
1864:
Potassium dichromate is one of the most common causes of chromium
1842:
1824:
1795:
1669:
1544:
1180:). For example, potassium chromate is produced industrially using
1115:
When heated strongly, it decomposes with the evolution of oxygen.
257:
143:
133:
1105:
with acidified dichromate. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized.
740:
429:
3513:
2338:
949:
in various laboratory and industrial applications. As with all
1812:
1553:
The concentration of ethanol in a sample can be determined by
845:
822:
1853:
In 2005–06, potassium dichromate was the 11th-most-prevalent
974:
Potassium dichromate is usually prepared by the reaction of
309:
1483:
treated in the acid dichromate solution. This converts the
1649:
The excess dichromate is determined by titration against
717:
893:
1284:
On heating with concentrated acid, oxygen is evolved:
2237:. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer.
957:, in contrast to the more industrially relevant salt
1585:
Full reaction of converting ethanol to acetic acid:
3969:
3856:
3795:
3754:
3547:
3352:
3008:
2901:
2740:
2486:
2372:
1704:Potassium dichromate paper can be used to test for
2125:
1804:Potassium dichromate occurs naturally as the rare
1378:), potassium dichromate has been used to prepare "
2154:"Lópezite: Lópezite mineral information and data"
464:500 °C (932 °F; 773 K) decomposes
2325:IARC Monograph "Chromium and Chromium compounds"
245:
2231:Volume 100C: Arsenic, Metals, Fibres, and Dusts
982:. Alternatively, it can be also obtained from
721:
119:
2183:. New Delhi: B Jain Pub Pvt Ltd. p. 223.
1078:Potassium dichromate is an oxidising agent in
3525:
2350:
1919:Thermochemical Data of Elements and Compounds
8:
2132:. Newtown, CT USA: The Taunton Press, Inc.
945:chemical reagent, most commonly used as an
3751:
3532:
3518:
3510:
2357:
2343:
2335:
1549:Acidified solution of potassium dichromate
324:
205:
183:
33:
1984:
1982:
1471:. After thorough washing and exposure to
281:
4020:
4010:
4000:
3996:
3992:
3985:
3981:
3958:
3954:
3950:
3946:
3942:
3932:
3928:
3924:
3920:
3910:
3906:
3902:
3892:
3888:
3884:
3874:
3870:
3866:
3841:
3837:
3833:
3829:
3819:
3815:
3811:
3807:
3783:
3779:
3775:
3764:
3743:
3739:
3735:
3725:
3721:
3711:
3701:
3691:
3681:
3677:
3667:
3657:
3653:
3649:
3639:
3629:
3619:
3609:
3599:
3589:
3585:
3575:
3571:
3561:
3557:
3156:
3152:
3118:
3114:
3104:
3046:
3042:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1726:
937:
931:
925:
2310:International Chemical Safety Card 1371
1892:
1684:When dissolved in an approximately 35%
1449:Dichromated colloids were also used as
370:
345:
320:
2320:NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
454:398 °C (748 °F; 671 K)
196:
352:Key: KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
163:
7:
349:InChI=1S/2Cr.2K.7O/q;;2*+1;;;;;;2*-1
1875:compounds, potassium dichromate is
1478:A potassium dichromate solution in
236:
2095:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1996.tb02111.x
2052:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1993.tb03428.x
1434:These discoveries soon led to the
25:
1917:Binnewies, M.; Milke, E. (2002).
1692:will turn it dark red, low grade
2266:carcinogenic to humans (Group 1)
1101:may be prepared by oxidation of
883:
696:
691:
686:
681:
676:
87:dichromic acid, dipotassium salt
49:
40:
1811:. It has only been reported as
1660:One major application for this
1501:compounds have the property of
1390:It is used as an ingredient in
879:(at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
1901:"POTASSIUM DICHROMATE LISTING"
640:Occupational safety and health
90:chromic acid, dipotassium salt
1:
424:red-orange crystalline solid
2303:The Periodic Table of Videos
1431:, making them less soluble.
1226:The reaction is reversible.
538:(α-form, <241.6 °C)
2281:"Potassium dichromate MSDS"
2205:"Potassium dichromate MSDS"
779:or concentration (LD, LC):
480:102 g/100 mL (100 °C)
416:294.185 g/mol
4085:
2306:(University of Nottingham)
2026:, vol. 1, p. 340
1952:. Retrieved on 2014-06-15.
1657:solution against a blank.
26:
4064:Light-sensitive chemicals
3541:Chromates and dichromates
2177:Farokh J. Master (2003).
873:
814:
775:
657:
637:
632:
557:
522:
478:13 g/100 mL (20 °C)
476:4.9 g/100 mL (0 °C)
381:
361:
336:
103:
72:
62:
57:
48:
39:
4059:IARC Group 1 carcinogens
1995:10.1002/14356007.a07_067
1921:(2 ed.). Weinheim:
1829:Bushveld igneous complex
1457:Chromium intensification
1406:Photography and printing
653:carcinogenic, corrosive
67:Potassium dichromate(VI)
27:Not to be confused with
1879:. The compound is also
1237:(chromium trioxide, CrO
4054:Photographic chemicals
1850:
1801:
1550:
1233:gives red crystals of
1084:potassium permanganate
868:Potassium permanganate
728:
84:dipotassium dichromate
2167:May–Jun;20(3):149-60.
2128:Hand-Applied Finishes
2124:Jewitt, Jeff (1997).
1906:. US EPA. 2015-07-23.
1846:
1799:
1548:
1541:Ethanol determination
1352:potassium chrome alum
1082:, and is milder than
797:25 mg/kg (oral, rat)
727:
545:Coordination geometry
35:Potassium dichromate
2298:Potassium Dichromate
1400:construction workers
1229:Treatment with cold
918:Potassium dichromate
710:(fire diamond)
81:bichromate of potash
78:potassium bichromate
18:Potassium bichromate
4044:Potassium compounds
2373:H, (pseudo)halogens
2366:Potassium compounds
2262:sufficient evidence
2257:sufficient evidence
1971:Chambers, Michael.
1700:Sulfur dioxide test
992:potassium hydroxide
951:hexavalent chromium
852:Ammonium dichromate
837:Potassium tungstate
833:Potassium molybdate
471:Solubility in water
373:..(=O)(=O)O()(=O)=O
36:
2083:Contact Dermatitis
2040:Contact Dermatitis
1950:Chromium(VI) oxide
1851:
1802:
1792:Natural occurrence
1651:sodium thiosulfate
1551:
1533:Analytical reagent
1396:contact dermatitis
984:potassium chromate
976:potassium chloride
906:Infobox references
829:Potassium chromate
815:Related compounds
729:
444:2.676 g/cm, solid
34:
29:Potassium chromate
4031:
4030:
3852:
3851:
3507:
3506:
3009:transition metals
2244:978-92-832-0135-9
2190:978-81-7021-136-5
2139:978-1-56158-154-2
2024:Collected Volumes
2017:Organic Syntheses
1946:Sigma-Aldrich Co.
1932:978-3-527-30524-7
1664:is in old police
1465:hydrochloric acid
1376:sodium dichromate
1372:chromium trioxide
1235:chromic anhydride
1080:organic chemistry
980:sodium dichromate
959:sodium dichromate
914:Chemical compound
912:
911:
863:Related compounds
856:Sodium dichromate
803:Safety data sheet
530:Crystal structure
305:CompTox Dashboard
145:Interactive image
16:(Redirected from
4076:
4069:Oxidizing agents
4023:
4013:
4003:
3988:
3961:
3935:
3913:
3895:
3877:
3844:
3822:
3787:
3768:
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3684:
3670:
3660:
3642:
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3592:
3578:
3564:
3534:
3527:
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3511:
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3143:
3135:
3134:
3121:
3107:
3097:
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2284:
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2270:
2252:
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2236:
2222:
2216:
2215:
2213:
2212:
2201:
2195:
2194:
2180:Diseases of Skin
2174:
2168:
2164:
2158:
2157:
2150:
2144:
2143:
2131:
2121:
2115:
2114:
2078:
2072:
2071:
2035:
2029:
2027:
2020:
2006:L. T. Sandborn.
2003:
1997:
1986:
1977:
1976:
1968:
1962:
1959:
1953:
1943:
1937:
1936:
1914:
1908:
1907:
1905:
1897:
1819:deposits of the
1815:fillings in the
1774:
1621:COOH + 2 Cr
1417:Henry Fox Talbot
1179:
1178:
1177:
1174:
1086:. It is used to
1068:
1067:
1066:
1052:
1051:
1050:
1042:
1041:
1030:
1029:
1028:
1020:
1019:
940:
896:
890:
887:
886:
756:
749:
742:
735:
720:
700:
695:
690:
685:
680:
624:
601:291.2 J/(K·mol)
597:
573:
558:Thermochemistry
505:Refractive index
389:Chemical formula
329:
328:
313:
311:
285:
249:
238:
217:
209:
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147:
123:
53:
44:
37:
21:
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4073:
4034:
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4022:
4018:
4012:
4008:
4002:
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3990:
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3848:
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3827:
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3817:
3813:
3809:
3805:
3797:Chromate esters
3791:
3785:
3781:
3777:
3773:
3766:
3762:
3755:Chlorochromates
3750:
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3741:
3737:
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3699:
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3371:
3363:
3348:
3344:
3340:
3336:
3328:
3324:
3320:
3312:
3308:
3304:
3296:
3292:
3288:
3279:
3271:
3267:
3259:
3255:
3247:
3243:
3235:
3227:
3223:
3215:
3211:
3203:
3199:
3195:
3191:
3183:
3179:
3171:
3167:
3158:
3154:
3150:
3142:
3139:
3138:
3137:
3133:
3130:
3129:
3128:
3126:
3120:
3116:
3112:
3106:
3102:
3094:
3091:
3090:
3089:
3085:
3082:
3081:
3080:
3078:
3073:
3069:
3061:
3057:
3048:
3044:
3040:
3035:
3031:
3023:
3019:
3004:
3000:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2980:
2976:
2972:
2964:
2960:
2952:
2948:
2940:
2932:
2928:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2897:
2893:
2889:
2881:
2877:
2869:
2865:
2857:
2849:
2841:
2837:
2829:
2825:
2817:
2813:
2805:
2801:
2792:
2784:
2776:
2768:
2760:
2751:
2736:
2731:
2723:
2719:
2711:
2707:
2698:
2690:
2686:
2678:
2674:
2665:
2657:
2653:
2649:
2641:
2637:
2633:
2625:
2621:
2617:
2609:
2605:
2601:
2593:
2585:
2577:
2573:
2565:
2557:
2553:
2539:
2531:
2523:
2515:
2511:
2497:
2482:
2453:
2445:
2432:
2419:
2411:
2388:
2368:
2363:
2294:
2289:
2288:
2279:
2278:
2274:
2249:
2247:
2245:
2234:
2224:
2223:
2219:
2210:
2208:
2207:. Sigma-Aldrich
2203:
2202:
2198:
2191:
2176:
2175:
2171:
2165:
2161:
2152:
2151:
2147:
2140:
2123:
2122:
2118:
2080:
2079:
2075:
2037:
2036:
2032:
2022:
2005:
2004:
2000:
1987:
1980:
1970:
1969:
1965:
1960:
1956:
1944:
1940:
1933:
1925:. p. 405.
1916:
1915:
1911:
1903:
1899:
1898:
1894:
1889:
1841:
1794:
1781:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1702:
1690:sterling silver
1682:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1543:
1535:
1527:screen-printing
1518:screen-printing
1511:screen-printing
1469:silver chloride
1408:
1388:
1364:
1356:leather tanning
1348:
1341:
1337:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1317:
1313:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1279:
1274:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1240:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1209:
1205:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1175:
1172:
1171:
1169:
1156:
1151:
1147:
1140:
1136:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1110:oxidation state
1097:. For example,
1076:
1065:
1062:
1061:
1060:
1058:
1056:
1049:
1046:
1045:
1044:
1040:
1037:
1036:
1035:
1033:
1027:
1024:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1015:
1014:
1013:
1011:
1009:
1005:
1001:
972:
967:
947:oxidizing agent
939:
933:
927:
921:
915:
908:
903:
902:
901: ?)
892:
888:
884:
880:
864:
854:
848:
835:
831:
825:
794:
788:
761:
760:
759:
758:
751:
744:
737:
730:
726:
718:
673:
650:
625:
622:
616:
612:
609:
608:Std enthalpy of
598:
595:
588:
585:
574:
567:
547:
532:
515:
513:
479:
477:
473:
405:
401:
397:
391:
377:
374:
369:
368:
357:
354:
353:
350:
344:
343:
332:
314:
307:
288:
268:
252:
239:
227:
190:
170:
150:
137:
126:
113:
99:
98:
68:
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4082:
4080:
4072:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4036:
4035:
4029:
4028:
4026:
4025:
4015:
4005:
3975:
3973:
3967:
3966:
3964:
3963:
3937:
3915:
3897:
3879:
3860:
3858:
3854:
3853:
3850:
3849:
3847:
3846:
3824:
3801:
3799:
3793:
3792:
3790:
3789:
3770:
3758:
3756:
3749:
3748:
3730:
3716:
3706:
3696:
3686:
3672:
3662:
3644:
3634:
3624:
3614:
3604:
3594:
3580:
3566:
3551:
3549:
3545:
3544:
3539:
3537:
3536:
3529:
3522:
3514:
3505:
3504:
3502:
3501:
3497:
3493:
3489:
3485:
3481:
3477:
3473:
3469:
3465:
3461:
3457:
3453:
3449:
3445:
3441:
3437:
3433:
3429:
3425:
3421:
3417:
3413:
3409:
3405:
3401:
3397:
3393:
3389:
3385:
3381:
3377:
3373:
3369:
3365:
3361:
3356:
3354:
3350:
3349:
3347:
3346:
3342:
3338:
3334:
3330:
3326:
3322:
3318:
3314:
3310:
3306:
3302:
3298:
3294:
3290:
3286:
3282:
3277:
3273:
3269:
3265:
3261:
3257:
3253:
3249:
3245:
3241:
3237:
3233:
3229:
3225:
3221:
3217:
3213:
3209:
3205:
3201:
3197:
3193:
3189:
3185:
3181:
3177:
3173:
3169:
3165:
3161:
3147:
3140:
3131:
3123:
3109:
3099:
3092:
3083:
3075:
3071:
3067:
3063:
3059:
3055:
3051:
3037:
3033:
3029:
3025:
3021:
3017:
3012:
3010:
3006:
3005:
3003:
3002:
2998:
2994:
2990:
2986:
2982:
2978:
2974:
2970:
2966:
2962:
2958:
2954:
2950:
2946:
2942:
2938:
2934:
2930:
2926:
2922:
2918:
2914:
2910:
2905:
2903:
2899:
2898:
2896:
2895:
2891:
2887:
2883:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2867:
2863:
2859:
2855:
2851:
2847:
2843:
2839:
2835:
2831:
2827:
2823:
2819:
2815:
2811:
2807:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2790:
2786:
2782:
2778:
2774:
2770:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2742:
2738:
2737:
2735:
2734:
2729:
2725:
2721:
2717:
2713:
2709:
2705:
2701:
2696:
2692:
2688:
2684:
2680:
2676:
2672:
2668:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2643:
2639:
2635:
2631:
2627:
2623:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2607:
2603:
2599:
2595:
2591:
2587:
2583:
2579:
2575:
2571:
2567:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2551:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2533:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2509:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2488:
2484:
2483:
2481:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2451:
2447:
2443:
2439:
2434:
2430:
2426:
2421:
2417:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2376:
2374:
2370:
2369:
2364:
2362:
2361:
2354:
2347:
2339:
2333:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2293:
2292:External links
2290:
2287:
2286:
2272:
2243:
2217:
2196:
2189:
2169:
2159:
2145:
2138:
2116:
2073:
2046:(5): 260–264.
2030:
1998:
1978:
1963:
1954:
1938:
1931:
1909:
1891:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1871:As with other
1840:
1837:
1821:Atacama desert
1793:
1790:
1780:
1779:Wood treatment
1777:
1776:
1775:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1706:sulfur dioxide
1701:
1698:
1681:
1678:
1647:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1583:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1555:back titration
1542:
1539:
1534:
1531:
1489:silver sulfate
1440:gum bichromate
1407:
1404:
1387:
1384:
1363:
1360:
1347:
1344:
1343:
1342:
1339:
1335:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1315:
1311:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1282:
1281:
1277:
1272:
1266:
1265:→ 2 CrO
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1238:
1224:
1223:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1207:
1203:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1158:
1157:
1154:
1149:
1145:
1138:
1134:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1070:
1063:
1054:
1047:
1038:
1031:
1025:
1016:
1007:
1003:
999:
971:
968:
966:
963:
941:, is a common
913:
910:
909:
904:
882:
881:
877:standard state
874:
871:
870:
865:
862:
859:
858:
849:
843:
840:
839:
826:
820:
817:
816:
812:
811:
806:
799:
798:
795:
786:
784:
781:
780:
773:
772:
771:Non-flammable
769:
763:
762:
752:
745:
738:
731:
716:
715:
714:
713:
711:
702:
701:
674:
669:
666:
665:
655:
654:
651:
648:
645:
644:
635:
634:
630:
629:
626:
620:
614:
606:
603:
602:
599:
593:
582:
579:
578:
575:
563:
560:
559:
555:
554:
548:
543:
540:
539:
533:
528:
525:
524:
520:
519:
516:
511:
503:
500:
499:
488:
482:
481:
474:
469:
466:
465:
462:
456:
455:
452:
446:
445:
442:
436:
435:
432:
426:
425:
422:
418:
417:
414:
408:
407:
403:
399:
395:
392:
387:
384:
383:
379:
378:
376:
375:
372:
364:
363:
362:
359:
358:
356:
355:
351:
348:
347:
339:
338:
337:
334:
333:
331:
330:
317:
315:
303:
300:
299:
296:
290:
289:
287:
286:
278:
276:
270:
269:
267:
266:
262:
260:
254:
253:
251:
250:
242:
240:
232:
229:
228:
226:
225:
221:
219:
211:
210:
200:
192:
191:
189:
188:
180:
178:
172:
171:
169:
168:
160:
158:
152:
151:
149:
148:
140:
138:
131:
128:
127:
125:
124:
116:
114:
109:
106:
105:
101:
100:
97:
96:
91:
88:
85:
82:
79:
75:
74:
70:
69:
66:
60:
59:
55:
54:
46:
45:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4081:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4041:
4039:
4024:
4016:
4014:
4006:
4004:
3977:
3976:
3974:
3972:
3968:
3962:
3938:
3936:
3916:
3914:
3898:
3896:
3880:
3878:
3862:
3861:
3859:
3855:
3845:
3825:
3823:
3803:
3802:
3800:
3798:
3794:
3788:
3771:
3769:
3760:
3759:
3757:
3753:
3747:
3731:
3729:
3717:
3715:
3707:
3705:
3697:
3695:
3687:
3685:
3673:
3671:
3663:
3661:
3645:
3643:
3635:
3633:
3625:
3623:
3615:
3613:
3605:
3603:
3595:
3593:
3581:
3579:
3567:
3565:
3553:
3552:
3550:
3546:
3542:
3535:
3530:
3528:
3523:
3521:
3516:
3515:
3512:
3500:
3486:
3484:
3470:
3468:
3450:
3448:
3434:
3432:
3418:
3416:
3406:
3404:
3390:
3388:
3378:
3376:
3366:
3364:
3358:
3357:
3355:
3351:
3345:
3331:
3329:
3315:
3313:
3299:
3297:
3283:
3281:
3274:
3272:
3262:
3260:
3250:
3248:
3238:
3236:
3230:
3228:
3218:
3216:
3206:
3204:
3186:
3184:
3174:
3172:
3162:
3160:
3148:
3146:
3124:
3122:
3110:
3108:
3100:
3098:
3076:
3074:
3064:
3062:
3052:
3050:
3038:
3036:
3026:
3024:
3014:
3013:
3011:
3007:
3001:
2983:
2981:
2967:
2965:
2955:
2953:
2943:
2941:
2935:
2933:
2923:
2921:
2907:
2906:
2904:
2900:
2894:
2884:
2882:
2872:
2870:
2860:
2858:
2852:
2850:
2844:
2842:
2832:
2830:
2820:
2818:
2808:
2806:
2796:
2794:
2787:
2785:
2779:
2777:
2771:
2769:
2763:
2761:
2755:
2753:
2746:
2745:
2743:
2739:
2733:
2726:
2724:
2714:
2712:
2702:
2700:
2693:
2691:
2681:
2679:
2669:
2667:
2660:
2658:
2644:
2642:
2628:
2626:
2612:
2610:
2596:
2594:
2588:
2586:
2580:
2578:
2568:
2566:
2560:
2558:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2534:
2532:
2526:
2524:
2518:
2516:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2492:
2491:
2489:
2485:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2448:
2446:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2414:
2412:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2377:
2375:
2371:
2367:
2360:
2355:
2353:
2348:
2346:
2341:
2340:
2337:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2305:
2304:
2299:
2296:
2295:
2291:
2282:
2276:
2273:
2269:
2267:
2263:
2258:
2246:
2240:
2233:
2232:
2227:
2221:
2218:
2206:
2200:
2197:
2192:
2186:
2182:
2181:
2173:
2170:
2163:
2160:
2155:
2149:
2146:
2141:
2135:
2130:
2129:
2120:
2117:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2084:
2077:
2074:
2069:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2034:
2031:
2025:
2019:
2018:
2013:
2011:
2002:
1999:
1996:
1992:
1985:
1983:
1979:
1974:
1967:
1964:
1958:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1942:
1939:
1934:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1913:
1910:
1902:
1896:
1893:
1886:
1884:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1869:
1867:
1862:
1860:
1856:
1849:
1845:
1838:
1836:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1807:
1798:
1791:
1789:
1787:
1778:
1723:
1722:
1721:
1707:
1699:
1697:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1679:
1677:
1675:
1672:changes from
1671:
1667:
1663:
1658:
1656:
1652:
1597:OH + 2 K
1588:
1587:
1586:
1564:
1563:
1562:
1560:
1556:
1547:
1540:
1538:
1532:
1530:
1528:
1523:
1519:
1514:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1481:
1480:sulfuric acid
1476:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1452:
1447:
1445:
1441:
1437:
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1422:
1418:
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1397:
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1333:
1318:
1287:
1286:
1285:
1275:
1244:
1243:
1242:
1236:
1232:
1231:sulfuric acid
1227:
1210:
1187:
1186:
1185:
1183:
1167:
1163:
1152:
1141:
1118:
1117:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1106:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1073:
1032:
1010:→ 2 K +
997:
996:
995:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
969:
964:
962:
960:
956:
952:
948:
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930:
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919:
907:
900:
895:
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869:
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827:
824:
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675:
672:
668:
667:
663:
661:
656:
652:
647:
646:
642:
641:
636:
631:
628:−2033 kJ/mol
627:
619:
611:
605:
604:
600:
592:
587:
581:
580:
576:
571:
566:
565:Heat capacity
562:
561:
556:
552:
549:
546:
542:
541:
537:
534:
531:
527:
526:
521:
517:
510:
506:
502:
501:
497:
493:
490:insoluble in
489:
487:
484:
483:
475:
472:
468:
467:
463:
461:
460:Boiling point
458:
457:
453:
451:
450:Melting point
448:
447:
443:
441:
438:
437:
433:
431:
428:
427:
423:
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371:
367:
360:
346:
342:
335:
327:
323:
322:DTXSID5025948
319:
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297:
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241:
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220:
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213:
212:
208:
204:
201:
199:
197:ECHA InfoCard
194:
193:
186:
182:
181:
179:
177:
174:
173:
166:
165:ChEMBL1374101
162:
161:
159:
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154:
153:
146:
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122:
118:
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95:
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65:
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56:
52:
47:
43:
38:
30:
19:
3970:
3881:
3284:
2301:
2275:
2265:
2261:
2256:
2254:
2248:. Retrieved
2230:
2220:
2209:. Retrieved
2199:
2179:
2172:
2162:
2148:
2127:
2119:
2089:(1): 43–50.
2086:
2082:
2076:
2043:
2039:
2033:
2023:
2015:
2009:
2001:
1966:
1957:
1941:
1918:
1912:
1895:
1877:carcinogenic
1870:
1863:
1852:
1833:South Africa
1803:
1782:
1703:
1683:
1666:breathalyzer
1659:
1648:
1584:
1552:
1536:
1515:
1497:
1493:solarisation
1477:
1461:Photochromos
1460:
1456:
1455:
1451:photoresists
1448:
1444:carbon black
1436:carbon print
1433:
1412:Mungo Ponton
1409:
1389:
1386:Construction
1380:chromic acid
1368:chromium(VI)
1365:
1349:
1338:O + 3 O
1283:
1228:
1225:
1211:→ 2 K
1159:
1114:
1107:
1077:
986:by roasting
973:
955:deliquescent
917:
916:
776:
706:
659:
649:Main hazards
638:
617:
590:
569:
508:
258:RTECS number
104:Identifiers
73:Other names
4049:Dichromates
3857:Dichromates
2283:. JT Baker.
1859:patch tests
1827:and in the
1694:coin silver
1686:nitric acid
1680:Silver test
1641:+ 11 H
1617:→ 3 CH
1573:OH + 2 → CH
1559:acetic acid
1370:compounds (
1366:Like other
1334:+ 8 H
1308:→ 2
1300:+ 8 H
1257:+ 2 H
1057:O ⇌ 2
791:median dose
777:Lethal dose
767:Flash point
643:(OHS/OSH):
551:Tetrahedral
421:Appearance
382:Properties
203:100.029.005
4038:Categories
2902:B, C group
2741:pnictogens
2487:chalcogens
2250:2020-01-05
2211:2011-07-20
2012:-Menthone"
1887:References
1866:dermatitis
1848:Patch test
1655:dichromate
1633:+ 2 K
1609:+ 8 H
1429:gum arabic
1354:, used in
1319:+ 2
1269:+ 2
1153:+ 3 O
1131:→ 4
1069:+ 2 H
970:Production
671:Pictograms
577:219 J/mol
523:Structure
486:Solubility
412:Molar mass
283:T4423S18FM
176:ChemSpider
132:3D model (
111:CAS Number
64:IUPAC name
3548:Chromates
2255:There is
2228:(2012) .
1923:Wiley-VCH
1881:corrosive
1529:process.
1487:metal to
1410:In 1839,
1142:+ 2
990:ore with
965:Chemistry
943:inorganic
809:ICSC 1371
662:labelling
610:formation
584:Std molar
553:(for Cr)
536:Triclinic
434:odorless
294:UN number
265:HX7680000
224:231-906-6
216:EC Number
121:7778-50-9
3832:(OSi(OCH
2111:27027304
2068:23159708
1861:(4.8%).
1855:allergen
1809:lópezite
1786:mahogany
1662:reaction
1589:3 C
1577:COOH + H
1507:proteins
1423:such as
1421:colloids
1362:Cleaning
1288:2 K
1166:chromate
1160:When an
1119:4 K
1099:menthone
1091:alcohols
1074:Reaction
988:chromite
707:NFPA 704
633:Hazards
94:lópezite
3971:Related
3919:[NH
3734:[NH
3353:organic
2103:8789225
2060:8365123
1817:nitrate
1806:mineral
1522:colloid
1505:animal
1503:tanning
1473:actinic
1425:gelatin
1103:menthol
1095:ketones
1088:oxidize
899:what is
897: (
846:cations
586:entropy
496:acetone
492:alcohol
440:Density
406:
234:PubChem
3941:[C
3810:(OC(CH
3782:NH]CrO
3774:[C
3180:Fe(CN)
3168:Fe(CN)
3032:Pt(CN)
2241:
2187:
2136:
2109:
2101:
2066:
2058:
1929:
1873:Cr(VI)
1839:Safety
1674:Cr(VI)
1499:Cr(VI)
1485:silver
1392:cement
1182:potash
1168:ions (
1162:alkali
894:verify
891:
844:Other
823:anions
821:Other
805:(SDS)
518:1.738
366:SMILES
156:ChEMBL
58:Names
4009:EuCrO
3710:PbCrO
3700:CdCrO
3690:ZnCrO
3666:NiCrO
3638:BaCrO
3628:SrCrO
3618:CaCrO
3608:MgCrO
3598:BeCrO
2235:(PDF)
2107:S2CID
2064:S2CID
1904:(PDF)
1825:Chile
1769:+ 3 H
1670:color
341:InChI
298:3288
247:24502
185:22910
134:JSmol
3763:KCrO
3652:(CrO
3360:KHCO
3276:KCrO
3232:KMnO
3192:Fe(C
3117:ReBr
3103:KAsF
3070:ReCl
3058:PtCl
3020:PtCl
2937:KHCO
2878:HAsO
2854:KAsO
2590:KHSO
2582:KHSO
2562:KHSO
2478:KSCN
2473:KOCN
2468:KCNO
2429:KBrO
2416:KClO
2408:KClO
2403:KClO
2239:ISBN
2226:IARC
2185:ISBN
2134:ISBN
2099:PMID
2056:PMID
1927:ISBN
1757:+ Cr
1749:→ K
1741:+ 3H
1427:and
1346:Uses
1276:+ H
1271:KHSO
1219:+ CO
430:Odor
274:UNII
4019:CrO
3984:CrO
3949:NH]
3828:CrO
3806:CrO
3742:CrO
3724:CrO
3680:CrO
3588:CrO
3574:CrO
3560:CrO
3408:KHC
3380:KCF
3368:KCH
3268:CrO
3256:CrO
3244:CrO
3224:MnO
3212:FeO
3155:ZrF
3136:ReI
3088:ReF
3045:TiF
2961:SiF
2949:SiO
2890:AsO
2866:AsO
2846:KPF
2826:HPO
2781:KNO
2773:KNO
2757:KNH
2720:TeO
2708:TeO
2687:SeO
2675:SeO
2545:KHS
2503:KOH
2463:KCN
2458:KAt
2450:KIO
2442:KIO
2424:KBr
2398:KCl
2385:KHF
2300:at
2091:doi
2048:doi
1991:doi
1857:in
1831:of
1823:of
1813:vug
1761:(SO
1729:+ K
1712:(SO
1625:(SO
1516:In
1459:or
1398:in
1325:(SO
1241:):
1215:CrO
1200:+
1170:CrO
1137:CrO
1059:CrO
1053:+ H
978:on
660:GHS
621:298
594:298
310:EPA
237:CID
4040::
3995:Cr
3953:Cr
3927:Cr
3905:Cr
3901:Ag
3887:Cr
3869:Cr
3865:Na
3786:Cl
3767:Cl
3720:Pb
3676:Ag
3648:Fe
3584:Cs
3556:Na
3496:KO
3480:KO
3442:35
3438:18
3436:KC
3426:23
3422:12
3420:KC
3384:CO
3372:CO
3341:Cl
3337:Mo
3327:13
3321:Cr
3311:10
3305:Cr
3289:Cr
3280:Cl
2989:Al
2973:Al
2929:CO
2886:KH
2838:PO
2834:KH
2814:PO
2802:PO
2798:KH
2765:KN
2732:Po
2699:Te
2666:Se
2574:SO
2554:SO
2528:KO
2520:KO
2437:KI
2393:KH
2380:KF
2253:.
2105:.
2097:.
2087:34
2085:.
2062:.
2054:.
2044:28
2042:.
2021:;
2014:.
1981:^
1948:,
1835:.
1788:.
1753:SO
1745:SO
1733:Cr
1725:SO
1720:.
1637:SO
1613:SO
1601:Cr
1569:CH
1565:CH
1561::
1513:.
1438:,
1402:.
1374:,
1358:.
1321:Cr
1314:SO
1304:SO
1292:Cr
1261:SO
1249:Cr
1206:CO
1192:Cr
1184::
1173:2−
1144:Cr
1123:Cr
1034:Cr
1012:Cr
1002:Cr
961:.
929:Cr
920:,
787:50
785:LD
755:OX
664::
613:(Δ
498:.
494:,
398:Cr
4021:5
4011:4
4001:7
3999:O
3997:2
3993:2
3991:H
3989:/
3986:4
3982:2
3980:H
3959:7
3957:O
3955:2
3951:2
3947:5
3945:H
3943:5
3933:7
3931:O
3929:2
3925:2
3923:]
3921:4
3911:7
3909:O
3907:2
3903:2
3893:7
3891:O
3889:2
3885:2
3883:K
3875:7
3873:O
3871:2
3867:2
3842:2
3840:)
3838:3
3836:)
3834:3
3830:2
3820:2
3818:)
3816:3
3814:)
3812:3
3808:2
3784:3
3780:5
3778:H
3776:5
3765:3
3744:4
3740:2
3738:]
3736:4
3726:5
3722:2
3712:4
3702:4
3692:4
3682:4
3678:2
3668:4
3658:3
3656:)
3654:4
3650:2
3640:4
3630:4
3620:4
3610:4
3600:4
3590:4
3586:2
3576:4
3572:2
3570:K
3562:4
3558:2
3533:e
3526:t
3519:v
3498:4
3494:7
3492:H
3490:5
3488:C
3482:4
3478:6
3476:H
3474:4
3472:C
3466:4
3464:O
3462:2
3460:K
3458:2
3456:H
3454:3
3452:C
3446:2
3444:O
3440:H
3430:2
3428:O
3424:H
3414:4
3412:O
3410:2
3402:4
3400:O
3398:2
3396:C
3394:2
3392:K
3386:2
3382:3
3374:2
3370:3
3362:2
3343:8
3339:2
3335:4
3333:K
3325:O
3323:4
3319:2
3317:K
3309:O
3307:3
3303:2
3301:K
3295:7
3293:O
3291:2
3287:2
3285:K
3278:3
3270:8
3266:3
3264:K
3258:4
3254:2
3252:K
3246:4
3242:3
3240:K
3234:4
3226:4
3222:2
3220:K
3214:4
3210:2
3208:K
3202:3
3200:)
3198:4
3196:O
3194:2
3190:3
3188:K
3182:6
3178:3
3176:K
3170:6
3166:4
3164:K
3157:6
3153:2
3151:K
3141:6
3132:2
3127:K
3119:6
3115:2
3113:K
3105:6
3093:6
3084:2
3079:K
3072:6
3068:2
3066:K
3060:6
3056:2
3054:K
3047:6
3043:2
3041:K
3034:4
3030:2
3028:K
3022:4
3018:2
3016:K
2999:7
2997:O
2995:2
2993:B
2991:2
2987:2
2985:K
2979:4
2977:O
2975:2
2971:2
2969:K
2963:6
2959:2
2957:K
2951:3
2947:2
2945:K
2939:3
2931:3
2927:2
2925:K
2919:7
2917:O
2915:2
2913:K
2911:4
2909:B
2892:4
2888:2
2880:4
2876:2
2874:K
2868:4
2864:3
2862:K
2856:2
2848:6
2840:4
2836:2
2828:4
2824:2
2822:K
2816:4
2812:3
2810:K
2804:3
2800:2
2793:P
2791:3
2789:K
2783:3
2775:2
2767:3
2759:2
2752:N
2750:3
2748:K
2730:2
2728:K
2722:4
2718:2
2716:K
2710:3
2706:2
2704:K
2697:2
2695:K
2689:4
2685:2
2683:K
2677:3
2673:2
2671:K
2664:2
2662:K
2656:8
2654:O
2652:2
2650:S
2648:2
2646:K
2640:7
2638:O
2636:2
2634:S
2632:2
2630:K
2624:5
2622:O
2620:2
2618:S
2616:2
2614:K
2608:3
2606:O
2604:2
2602:S
2600:2
2598:K
2592:5
2584:4
2576:4
2572:2
2570:K
2564:3
2556:3
2552:2
2550:K
2540:S
2538:2
2536:K
2530:3
2522:2
2514:2
2512:O
2510:2
2508:K
2498:O
2496:2
2494:K
2452:4
2444:3
2431:3
2418:4
2410:3
2387:2
2358:e
2351:t
2344:v
2268:.
2214:.
2193:.
2156:.
2142:.
2113:.
2093::
2070:.
2050::
2028:.
2010:l
2008:"
1993::
1975:.
1935:.
1773:O
1771:2
1767:3
1765:)
1763:4
1759:2
1755:4
1751:2
1747:4
1743:2
1739:7
1737:O
1735:2
1731:2
1727:2
1718:3
1716:)
1714:4
1710:2
1645:O
1643:2
1639:4
1635:2
1631:3
1629:)
1627:4
1623:2
1619:3
1615:4
1611:2
1607:7
1605:O
1603:2
1599:2
1595:5
1593:H
1591:2
1581:O
1579:2
1575:3
1571:2
1567:3
1340:2
1336:2
1331:3
1329:)
1327:4
1323:2
1316:4
1312:2
1310:K
1306:4
1302:2
1298:7
1296:O
1294:2
1290:2
1280:O
1278:2
1273:4
1267:3
1263:4
1259:2
1255:7
1253:O
1251:2
1247:2
1245:K
1239:3
1221:2
1217:4
1213:2
1208:3
1204:2
1202:K
1198:7
1196:O
1194:2
1190:2
1188:K
1176:4
1155:2
1150:3
1148:O
1146:2
1139:4
1135:2
1133:K
1129:7
1127:O
1125:2
1121:2
1064:4
1055:2
1048:7
1043:O
1039:2
1026:7
1021:O
1017:2
1008:7
1006:O
1004:2
1000:2
998:K
938:7
935:O
932:2
926:2
923:K
889:Y
793:)
789:(
748:1
741:0
734:4
623:)
618:H
615:f
596:)
591:S
589:(
572:)
570:C
568:(
514:)
512:D
509:n
507:(
404:7
402:O
400:2
396:2
394:K
312:)
308:(
136:)
31:.
20:)
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