1866:
1869:
1873:
1872:
1868:
1867:
1874:
1871:
1409:
were large rectangles of rotted manure and straw, moistened weekly with urine, "dung water", and liquid from privies, cesspools and drains, and turned over regularly. The
National Archives published payroll records that account for more than 29,000 people compelled to such labor in the state of Virginia. The South was so desperate for saltpeter for gunpowder that one Alabama official reportedly placed a newspaper ad asking that the contents of chamber pots be saved for collection. In South Carolina, in April 1864, the Confederate government forced 31 enslaved people to work at the Ashley Ferry Nitre Works, outside Charleston.
1765:
56:
1779:
1772:
361:
207:
47:
716:
721:
3930:
798:
34:
7403:
3938:
1870:
1424:. Since he was calling for the assistance of rural farming communities, the descriptions and instructions are both simple and explicit. He details the "French Method", along with several variations, as well as a "Swiss method". N.B. Many references have been made to a method using only straw and urine, but there is no such method in this work.
803:
982:
1293:) to remove calcium and magnesium by precipitation of their carbonates from this solution, leaving a solution of purified potassium nitrate, which could then be dried. This was used for the manufacture of gunpowder and explosive devices. The terminology used by al-Rammah indicated the gunpowder he wrote about originated in China.
3717:[And this, despite the multiplicity of scientific opinions, such as that of the International Agency for Research on Cancer, classifying these same additives, known as E249, E250, E251, E252, among the "probable carcinogens", to which the League Against Cancer attributes nearly 4,000 colorectal cancers per year.]
1408:
was set up to encourage local production, including by nitre beds and by providing excrement to government nitraries. On
November 13, 1862, the government advertised in the Charleston Daily Courier for 20 or 30 "able bodied Negro men" to work in the new nitre beds at Ashley Ferry, S.C. The nitre beds
3714:
Et ce, en dépit de la multiplicité des avis scientifiques, comme celui du Centre international de recherche sur le cancer, classant ces mêmes additifs, connus sous le nom de E249, E250, E251, E252, parmi les « cancérogènes probables », auxquels la Ligue contre le cancer attribue près de 4
801:
4039:
3707:
Rabino, Thomas (13 April 2023). "Nitrites et jambons "cancérogènes" : nouvelle victoire en appel de Yuka contre un industriel de la charcuterie" [Nitrites and "carcinogenic" hams: Yuka's new appeal victory against a charcuterie manufacturer].
2400:
1661:
crystal structure at room temperature, which transforms to a trigonal system at 128 °C (262 °F). On cooling from 200 °C (392 °F), another trigonal phase forms between 124 °C (255 °F) and 100 °C (212 °F).
1934:. The widespread adoption of nitrate use is more recent and is linked to the development of large-scale meat processing. The use of potassium nitrate has been mostly discontinued because it gives slow and inconsistent results compared with
1365:", during the thirteenth century (and beyond) the only supply of saltpeter across Christian Europe (according to "De Alchimia" in 3 manuscripts of Michael Scot, 1180–1236) was "found in Spain in Aragon in a certain mountain near the sea".
4084:
1401:. The nitrates are extracted from soil with water and then purified into saltpeter by adding wood ash. The process was discovered in the early 15th century and was very widely used until the Chilean mineral deposits were found.
1396:
is a similar process used to produce nitrate from excrement. Unlike the leaching-based process of the nitrary, however, one mixes the excrements with soil and waits for soil microbes to convert amino-nitrogen into nitrates by
2294:
4035:
696:
804:
2762:
The
Chinese were certainly acquainted with saltpetre, the essential ingredient of gunpowder. They called it Chinese Snow and employed it early in the Christian era in the manufacture of fireworks and rockets.
2742:
In either case, there is linguistic evidence of
Chinese origins of the technology: in Damascus, Arabs called the saltpeter used in making gunpowder "Chinese snow," while in Iran it was called "Chinese salt."
2224:, Randle is asked by the nurses to take his medications, but not knowing what they are, he mentions he does not want anyone to "slip me saltpeter". He then proceeds to imitate the motions of masturbation.
1890:. From the most ancient times until the late 1880s, blackpowder provided the explosive power for all the world's firearms. After that time, small arms and large artillery increasingly began to depend on
3861:
1918:, which is less durable than other forms of protective oxidation, but allows for specific and often beautiful coloration of steel parts, such as screws, pins, and other small parts of firearms.
1459:
to give porosity to a compost pile typically 4 feet (1.2 m) high, 6 feet (1.8 m) wide, and 15 feet (4.6 m) long. The heap was usually under a cover from the rain, kept moist with
2121:
of metals as a medium temperature molten salt bath, usually in combination with sodium nitrite. A similar bath is used to produce a durable blue/black finish typically seen on firearms. Its
4036:"Aqueous corrosion inhibitor Note. This patent cites potassium nitrate as a minor constituent in a complex mix. Since rust is an oxidation product, this statement requires justification"
2335:
of the 1800s, drought-killed corn in manured fields could accumulate saltpeter to the extent that upon opening the stalk for examination it would "fall as a fine powder upon the table".
1312:
in caves. Extraction is accomplished by immersing the guano in water for a day, filtering, and harvesting the crystals in the filtered water. Traditionally, guano was the source used in
1350:". The process involved burial of excrements (human or animal) in a field beside the nitraries, watering them and waiting until leaching allowed saltpeter to migrate to the surface by
1490:. Urine is collected directly, in a sandpit under a stable. The sand itself is dug out and leached for nitrates which are then converted to potassium nitrate using potash, as above.
4080:
802:
4103:
995:
1380:
had no home production), and had to pay "300 pounds gold" to the German captain
Gerrard Honrik for the manual "Instructions for making saltpeter to growe" (the secret of the "
1735:
In the room-temperature structure of potassium nitrate, each potassium ion is surrounded by 6 nitrate ions. In turn, each nitrate ion is surrounded by 6 potassium ions.
3683:
3900:
1853:
was produced by combining sulfuric acid with nitrates such as saltpeter. In modern times this is reversed: nitrates are produced from nitric acid produced via the
3990:
2311:, numerous mentions are made of an advantageous supply of saltpeter from India being a crucial component of British military supremacy in the Napoleonic Wars. In
4408:
3640:
3830:
410:
1258:(compiled 300BC – 300AD), which mentions using its poisonous smoke as a weapon of war, although its use for propulsion did not appear until medieval times.
2349:
2807:
Science and
Civilisation in China: Volume 5, Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Part 4, Spagyrical Discovery and Invention: Apparatus, Theories and Gifts
1963:
3559:
3162:
2220:
3608:
4062:
1787:
Potassium nitrate is moderately soluble in water, but its solubility increases with temperature. The aqueous solution is almost neutral, exhibiting
3803:
6957:
3422:
Eli S. Freeman (1957). "The
Kinetics of the Thermal Decomposition of Potassium Nitrate and of the Reaction between Potassium Nitrite and Oxygen".
2233:, John Adams asks his wife Abigail to make saltpeter for the Continental Army. She, eventually, is able to do so in exchange for pins for sewing.
2897:
2810:. Vol. 5. Contributors Joseph Needham, Lu Gwei-Djen, Nathan Sivin (illustrated, reprint ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 194.
1518:
after 1915, allowing
Germany to produce nitric acid for the war after being cut off from its supplies of mineral sodium nitrates from Chile (see
826:
2243:
1985:
In April 2023 the French Court of
Appeals of Limoges confirmed that food-watch NGO Yuka was legally legitimate in describing Potassium Nitrate
765:
6923:
4207:
3406:
3349:
Freney, E. J.; Garvie, L. A. J.; Groy, T. L.; Buseck, P. R. (2009). "Growth and single-crystal refinement of phase-III potassium nitrate, KNO
2929:
2875:
2848:
2788:
2724:
2693:
2431:
645:
4066:
7287:
4016:
3470:
4088:
4213:
2699:
4114:
3451:
2935:
2730:
2437:
5583:
3994:
2815:
2757:
English artillery, 1326–1716: being the history of artillery in this country prior to the formation of the Royal
Regiment of Artillery
2081:
4012:
4401:
3757:
3587:
2649:
2521:
2204:, and is still rumored to be in institutional food (such as military fare). There is no scientific evidence for such properties. In
1078:, and nitrogen was named after niter. Potassium nitrate is one of several nitrogen-containing compounds collectively referred to as
375:
3197:
3730:
3544:
1962:; it is also approved for use as a food additive in the United States and Australia and New Zealand (where it is listed under its
144:
1685:
7239:
5384:
2956:
4167:
2980:"Environmentally and Economically Feasibility Manufacturing Process of Potassium Nitrate for Small Scale Industries: A Review"
2328:
anime and manga series, the struggle for control over a natural saltpeter source from guano features prominently in the plot.
1764:
7450:
7430:
6951:
5067:
3777:
677:
3763:
1568:
An alternative way of producing potassium nitrate without a by-product of ammonia is to combine ammonium nitrate, found in
6963:
5201:
5105:
4897:
2174:
964:
777:
55:
1002:
7440:
7318:
5153:
5091:
4394:
3908:
3635:
755:
308:
7455:
5129:
5117:
4641:
2284:
to impersonate a nurse and trick Raoul into consuming saltpeter in a ploy to reduce his sexual appetite for his wife.
2152:
1910:. It is also added to cigarettes to maintain an even burn of the tobacco and is used to ensure complete combustion of
1464:
339:
3630:
1507:
1308:
Major natural sources of potassium nitrate were the deposits crystallizing from cave walls and the accumulations of
720:
5431:
5163:
5036:
4373:
1432:
546:
20:
1954:(sometimes together with sodium nitrite). In the Shetland Islands (UK) it is used in the curing of mutton to make
1811:
Between 550–790 °C (1,022–1,454 °F), potassium nitrate reaches a temperature-dependent equilibrium with
6916:
6607:
6093:
5177:
2508:
2396:
1975:
1899:
812:
214:
2805:
715:
6868:
6320:
5523:
5327:
5315:
5008:
2031:
1778:
1771:
5539:
3502:
Binkerd, E. F; Kolari, O. E (1975-01-01). "The history and use of nitrate and nitrite in the curing of meat".
5368:
6973:
6691:
6667:
6631:
6351:
6308:
4885:
4849:
4665:
3556:
2540:
Lauer, Klaus (1991). "The history of nitrite in human nutrition: A contribution from German cookery books".
2513:
2297:", Mr. Burns is seen pouring saltpeter into his chili entry, titled Old Elihu's Yale-Style Saltpeter Chili.
1405:
1285:(crude saltpeter mineral) by boiling it with minimal water and using only the hot solution, then the use of
565:
6138:
5352:
4960:
4913:
1510:, which used an electric arc to oxidize nitrogen from the air. During World War I the newly industrialized
202:
7445:
7313:
7234:
6856:
6832:
6739:
6572:
6367:
5576:
5291:
5283:
5239:
5227:
5215:
4937:
4925:
4861:
4596:
4454:
3604:
3355:
3320:
3267:
1177:
164:
33:
6780:
4767:
1404:
The Confederate side of the American Civil War had a significant shortage of saltpeter. As a result, the
7262:
7201:
6820:
6808:
6756:
6655:
6643:
6469:
6425:
6336:
6284:
6205:
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6127:
6081:
5891:
5879:
5772:
5503:
4988:
4873:
4722:
4681:
4649:
4529:
4509:
4467:
3815:
3398:
2719:. Vol. 1 of Greenwood encyclopedias of modern world wars. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 365.
2370:
2301:
2263:
1927:
1744:
769:
729:
708:
74:
1958:, a local delicacy. When used as a food additive in the European Union, the compound is referred to as
6489:
3577:
3163:"During the Civil War, the enslaved were given an especially odious job. The pay went to their owners"
2894:
1942:". Even so, potassium nitrate is still used in some food applications, such as salami, dry-cured ham,
773:
7406:
7282:
7106:
6993:
6909:
6727:
6703:
6679:
6449:
6115:
6057:
6025:
5855:
5336:
4697:
4571:
4436:
4316:
3276:
3115:
2344:
1063:
691:
Oxidant, harmful if swallowed, inhaled, or absorbed on skin. Causes irritation to skin and eye area.
5561:
7096:
6844:
6768:
6715:
6418:
6406:
6181:
5937:
5459:
5271:
5020:
4976:
4840:
4755:
4746:
4633:
4613:
4554:
4519:
4501:
4417:
4367:
4278:
4260:, Champaign, Illinois: Illinois State Water Survey, Atmospheric Environment Section, pp. 27–28
2921:
Gunpowder: Alchemy, Bombards, and Pyrotechnics: The History of the Explosive that Changed the World
2089:
2034:. Recently, the use of potassium nitrate in toothpastes for treating sensitive teeth has increased.
1535:
356:
110:
3080:
A compendious dictionary of the Latin tongue: for the use of public Seminar and private March 2012
1129:
Nitre, or potassium nitrate, because of its early and global use and production, has many names.
7425:
7121:
6460:
6391:
5968:
5949:
5926:
5648:
5487:
5303:
4996:
4905:
4779:
4734:
4713:
4559:
4459:
4449:
4431:
4054:
3012:
1573:
1421:
1417:
1377:
1373:
1328:, or lime saltpetre, was discovered on the walls of stables, from the urine of barnyard animals.
952:
5079:
3467:
1978:
classifies processed meat as Group 1 carcinogen (based on epidemiological studies, convincingly
1502:
era, potassium nitrate for black powder and fertilizer was produced on an industrial scale from
4139:
7435:
7349:
7344:
6619:
6379:
6069:
6043:
5961:
5914:
5811:
5760:
5748:
5715:
5675:
5635:
5569:
5471:
5443:
5419:
5411:
5259:
4824:
4799:
4621:
4601:
4587:
4579:
4524:
4514:
4480:
4475:
4444:
4203:
4189:
3885:
3853:
3753:
3583:
3527:
3519:
3402:
3372:
3292:
3143:
3037:
2925:
2871:
2844:
2838:
2811:
2784:
2720:
2714:
2689:
2683:
2645:
2622:
2604:
2565:
2557:
2517:
2485:
2477:
2427:
1812:
1796:
1740:
1673:
1444:
1261:
A purification process for potassium nitrate was outlined in 1270 by the chemist and engineer
1098:
1018:
948:
909:
883:
603:
46:
3448:
3104:"Microbial Community Structure of Relict Niter-Beds Previously Used for Saltpeter Production"
3082:. Printed for T. Cachorro and W. Davies, by C. Stewart, London, Bell and Bradfute, W. Creech.
2978:
Joshi, Chirag S.; Shukla, Manish R.; Patel, Krunal; Joshi, Jigar S.; Sahu, Omprakash (2014).
2919:
2865:
2254:
using a rudimentary cannon that he constructs using potassium nitrate as a key ingredient of
1799:
over 50 days. It is insoluble in alcohol and is not poisonous; it can react explosively with
1201:. It was called "Chinese salt" by the Iranians/Persians or "salt from Chinese salt marshes" (
1132:
As for nitrate, Hebrew and Egyptian words for it had the consonants n-t-r, indicating likely
7323:
7308:
7036:
7011:
6437:
6035:
6010:
5903:
5843:
5804:
5796:
5730:
5723:
5702:
4493:
4488:
4352:
4324:
4252:
4227:
3983:
3964:
3845:
3511:
3431:
3390:
3364:
3329:
3284:
3133:
3123:
2991:
2612:
2596:
2549:
2469:
2450:
Kolthoff, Treatise on Analytical Chemistry, New York, Interscience Encyclopedia, Inc., 1959.
2419:
2308:
2159:
2140:
1914:
for cap and ball revolvers. It can also be heated to several hundred degrees to be used for
1895:
1531:
1452:
1202:
1022:
932:
578:
507:
433:
317:
184:
7385:
7380:
7257:
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5992:
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5682:
5627:
4816:
4808:
4545:
4110:
4020:
3734:
3563:
3474:
3455:
2901:
2716:
The age of wars of religion, 1000–1650: an encyclopedia of global warfare and civilization
2215:
2167:
2163:
2010:
1911:
1854:
1800:
1577:
1515:
1468:
1347:
1337:
1325:
1317:
1286:
1262:
1168:
936:
924:
120:
4381:
4104:"Gemasolar, The First Tower Thermosolar Commercial Plant With Molten Salt Storage System"
4055:"The Scientist, the Patent and the Mangoes – Tripling the Mango Yield in the Philippines"
889:
4320:
4254:
Identification of factors that aid carbon sequestration in Illinois agricultural systems
3280:
3191:
3119:
1354:. Operators then gathered the resulting powder and transported it to be concentrated by
360:
206:
7375:
7292:
7214:
7136:
7076:
7021:
7016:
6968:
6792:
6595:
6584:
6497:
6269:
6239:
6232:
6150:
5740:
4199:
3727:
3138:
3103:
2890:
2617:
2584:
2365:
2268:
2229:
2211:
2126:
2118:
2037:
Used historically to treat asthma. Used in some toothpastes to relieve asthma symptoms.
1979:
1955:
1935:
1915:
1791:
6.2 at 14 °C (57 °F) for a 10% solution of commercial powder. It is not very
1665:
1632:
1483:
1413:
1217:
1110:
973:
928:
3219:
2389:
7419:
7339:
7219:
7166:
7116:
6247:
5667:
4340:
3968:
3879:
3515:
2778:
2553:
2247:
2103:
1688:
of calcium carbonate. The difference is attributed to the similarity in size between
1511:
1398:
1351:
1244:
1051:
626:
496:
486:
195:
3849:
3062:
2950:
7365:
7186:
7141:
7081:
7066:
7001:
5980:
4163:
3235:
2289:
2276:
2181:
2144:
2085:
1903:
1658:
1255:
1221:
1160:, specifically Indian saltpetre (Chilean saltpetre is sodium nitrate) and later as
609:
4083:. Southeast Asian Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture (
3781:
2315:, the French Captain Argenton laments that France needs to scrape its supply from
2143:
systems. Sodium and potassium nitrate salts are stored in a molten state with the
281:
3747:
3128:
2755:
2040:
Used in Thailand as main ingredient in kidney tablets to relieve the symptoms of
7267:
7229:
7191:
7176:
7151:
7111:
7101:
7071:
7051:
7046:
7041:
7031:
5608:
3931:"Local manufactured drug registration for human (combine) – Zoro kidney tablets"
3804:"The Effect of Potassium Nitrate and Silica Dentifrice in the Surface of Dentin"
3265:
Adiwidjaja, G.; Pohl, D. (2003). "Superstructure of α-phase potassium nitrate".
2271:, gives a rhyming presentation about potassium nitrate for his chemistry class.
2074:
2070:
2056:
1992:
1951:
1943:
1939:
1931:
1850:
1792:
1677:
1606:
1503:
1499:
1369:
1362:
1055:
869:
845:
747:
3984:"The evaluation of non-pyrotechnically generated aerosols as fire suppressants"
3662:
3102:
Narihiro, Takashi; Tamaki, Hideyuki; Akiba, Aya; et al. (11 August 2014).
2668:
1631:
On industrial scale it is prepared by the double displacement reaction between
1412:
Perhaps the most exhaustive discussion of the niter-bed production is the 1862
833:
7277:
7091:
7061:
7056:
7006:
6978:
3746:
Hall, William L; Robarge, Wayne P; Meeting, American Chemical Society (2004).
3368:
3334:
3311:
3288:
3039:
Etudes biographiques pour servir à l'histoire des sciences ...: sér. Chimistes
2600:
2281:
2188:
2099:
2049:
2027:
2014:
2006:
1907:
1906:" (a popular amateur rocket propellant). It is also used in fireworks such as
1841:
Potassium nitrate has a wide variety of uses, largely as a source of nitrate.
1416:
text. He was writing with the express purpose of increasing production in the
1355:
1224:, detailed the production of gunpowder and other useful products from nature.
1114:
1094:
1090:
1047:
761:
524:
448:
175:
3523:
3011:
John Spencer Bassett; Edwin Mims; William Henry Glasson; et al. (1904).
2608:
2561:
2481:
743:
7370:
7272:
6983:
2360:
2332:
2255:
2238:
2206:
2201:
2148:
2122:
1887:
1705:
1681:
1519:
1436:
1309:
1297:
1276:
1198:
1118:
1106:
1026:
735:
613:
328:
3857:
3684:"Cancer: Carcinogenicity of the consumption of red meat and processed meat"
3376:
3296:
3147:
2626:
2170:, have been found to improve the heat storage capacity in the molten salts.
1210:
4366:
3531:
2569:
2489:
2156:
1486:
describes a process using only urine and not dung, referring to it as the
7390:
7171:
7161:
7026:
4195:
3955:
Reichert ET. (1880). "On the physiological action of potassium nitrite".
2324:
2295:
El Viaje Misterioso de Nuestro Jomer (The Mysterious Voyage of Our Homer)
2045:
2041:
1986:
1959:
1879:
1569:
1290:
1252:
1102:
1075:
1039:
1029:
832:
825:
818:
811:
784:
535:
240:
232:
3435:
1886:
The most famous use of potassium nitrate is probably as the oxidizer in
7209:
7086:
5694:
5593:
4328:
2473:
2316:
1891:
1689:
1669:
1133:
539:
530:
476:
268:
215:
4386:
2996:
2979:
739:
7146:
3728:
Michigan State University Extension Bulletin E-896: N-P-K Fertilizers
1472:
1448:
1032:
155:
3881:
Asthma, presenting an exposition of the nonpassive expiration theory
2125:
quality, water solubility, and low cost make it an ideal short-term
1926:
Potassium nitrate has been a common ingredient of salted meat since
972:
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
1471:
which was then converted to potassium nitrate by filtering through
256:
4347:
3196:. Columbia, S.C.: South Carolina Military Department. p. 14.
2669:"Saltpetre | Definition, Uses, & Facts | Britannica"
2354:
2133:
2107:
1947:
1864:
1460:
1456:
1266:
1248:
1233:
1067:
292:
143:
133:
4345:
Alan Williams. "The production of saltpeter in the Middle Ages",
819:
6932:
4228:"10 reasons true Americans should watch '1776' this 4th of July"
3989:. United States National Institute of Standards and Technology (
2251:
2111:
1313:
466:
247:
6905:
5565:
4390:
4307:
Barnum, Dennis W. (December 2003). "Some History of Nitrates".
3982:
Adam Chattaway; Robert G. Dunster; Ralf Gall; David J. Spring.
2173:
As a source of potassium ions for exchange with sodium ions in
1989:
as a "cancer risk", and thus rejected an appeal by the French
1467:
with water after approximately one year, to remove the soluble
1281:). In this book, al-Rammah describes first the purification of
2218:), who tells her that he has been fed saltpeter in prison. In
1609:
with potassium hydroxide. This reaction is highly exothermic.
918:
903:
2685:
Ideas: A History of Thought and Invention, from Fire to Freud
1463:, turned often to accelerate the decomposition, then finally
2804:
Needham, Joseph; Yu, Ping-Yu (1980). Needham, Joseph (ed.).
1164:
as the chemistry of the compound was more fully understood.
344:
54:
45:
4061:. United Nations World Intellectual Property Organization (
3489:
Self Consuming Paper Cartridges for the Percussion Revolver
2418:
B. J. Kosanke; B. Sturman; K. Kosanke; et al. (2004).
1902:, but also in combination with other fuels like sugars in "
1788:
1455:
or wood ashes, common earth and organic materials such as
4286:, Manhattan: Kansas State Agricultural College, p. 5
4081:"Filipino scientist garners 2011 Dioscoro L. Umali Award"
2984:
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
796:
4164:"The Straight Dope: Does saltpeter suppress male ardor?"
6901:
4102:
Juan Ignacio Burgaleta; Santiago Arias; Diego Ramirez.
2955:. New Orleans, LA: Daily Delta Job Office. p. 14.
1605:
Potassium nitrate can also be produced by neutralizing
1247:
saltpeter manufacturers formed the Nuniya & Labana
990:
4034:
David E. Turcotte; Frances E. Lockwood (May 8, 2001).
3260:
3258:
3256:
2462:
Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi. Folia Pharmacologica Japonica
1197:), a term of uncertain origin that later came to mean
2952:
Notes on Making Saltpetre from the Earth of the Caves
233:
3749:
Environmental Impact of Fertilizer on Soil and Water
2644:. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. p. 256.
1372:, Queen of England and Ireland, who was at war with
1182:
7358:
7332:
7301:
7248:
7200:
6992:
6939:
5404:
5060:
4953:
4792:
4538:
4424:
3605:"Current EU approved additives and their E Numbers"
3491:. Minneapolis, Minnesota: Northwest Development Co.
2867:
Military Transition in Early Modern Asia, 1400–1750
2055:Combats high blood pressure and was once used as a
2009:as a source of nitrogen and potassium – two of the
1156:. By the 15th century, Europeans referred to it as
501:400 °C (752 °F; 673 K) (decomposes)
4377:. Vol. XXI (9th ed.). 1886. p. 235.
3468:Inorganic Additives for the Improvement of Tobacco
1376:, became unable to import saltpeter (of which the
1220:, published in the 17th century by members of the
2843:. New Haven: Yale University Press. p. 318.
1300:deposits were exploited in Chile and California.
4188:Richard E. Jones & Kristin H. López (2006).
1676:, whereas room-temperature potassium nitrate is
280:
19:"Saltpeter" redirects here. For other uses, see
1878:A demonstration of the oxidation of a piece of
800:
119:
1938:preparations such as "Prague powder" or pink "
6917:
5577:
4402:
4140:"How to Make the Ultimate Colored Smoke Bomb"
3221:Instructions for the Manufacture of Saltpetre
3193:Instructions for the Manufacture of Saltpeter
2895:Potassium Nitrate in Arabic and Latin Sources
2772:
2770:
2200:Potassium nitrate was once thought to induce
2102:removal products. It accelerates the natural
8:
4382:International Chemical Safety Card 018402216
2401:Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
1990:
1720:) ions and the fact that the potassium ion (
1192:
3663:"Standard 1.2.4 – Labelling of ingredients"
2870:. London: Bloomsbury Academic. p. 19.
2760:. Royal Artillery Institution. p. 42.
2350:Humberstone and Santa Laura Saltpeter Works
2180:As an oxidizer in model rocket fuel called
2106:of the stump by supplying nitrogen for the
2013:for plants. When used by itself, it has an
1530:Potassium nitrate can be made by combining
6924:
6910:
6902:
5584:
5570:
5562:
4409:
4395:
4387:
3838:Journal of the American Dental Association
3808:Japanese Journal of Conservative Dentistry
3778:"Sensodyne Toothpaste for Sensitive Teeth"
3660:Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code
3631:"Listing of Food Additives Status Part II"
3185:
3183:
2906:History of Science and Technology in Islam
1021:with a sharp, salty, bitter taste and the
359:
205:
183:
25:
4191:Human Reproductive Biology, Third Edition
3829:R. Orchardson & D. G. Gillam (2006).
3752:. American Chemical Society. p. 40.
3458:. Galleries.com. Retrieved on 2012-03-07.
3333:
3137:
3127:
2995:
2840:Ganges: The Many Pasts of an Indian River
2616:
2426:. Journal of Pyrotechnics. pp. 5–6.
1105:. It is one of the major constituents of
316:
5774:
5708:
5704:
5669:
5650:
5208:
5204:
5170:
5166:
5156:
5098:
5094:
3901:"'Sensitive' toothpaste may help asthma"
3316:and the α ← γ ← β phase transformations"
1829:
1825:
1821:
1737:
1645:
1641:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
6958:International Salt Co. v. United States
4339:(Oxford University Press, 2013) 237 pp
3312:"The crystal structures of γ- and β-KNO
2754:Oliver Frederick Gillilan Hogg (1963).
2663:
2661:
2535:
2533:
2382:
1089:Major uses of potassium nitrate are in
415:
380:
355:
5617:
5592:Salts and covalent derivatives of the
4042:from the original on January 27, 2018.
2501:
2499:
2098:Component (usually about 98%) of some
1898:. Blackpowder remains in use today in
1803:, but it is not explosive on its own.
1271:al-Furusiyya wa al-Manasib al-Harbiyya
491:334 °C (633 °F; 607 K)
196:
6561:
4280:Cattle poisoning by nitrate of potash
3092:SP Dom Elizabeth vol.xvi 29–30 (1589)
3067:. Artists Press Balham. pp. 50–.
2780:A history of Greek fire and gunpowder
2357:, a mineral form of potassium nitrate
1795:, absorbing about 0.03% water in 80%
1447:. Niter-beds were prepared by mixing
1316:for the manufacture of gunpowder for
387:Key: FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
163:
7:
7288:List of countries by salt production
5604:
4251:Krug, E.C.; Hollinger, S.E. (2003),
4069:from the original on 25 August 2012.
4017:Alabama Cooperative Extension System
3547:, University of Wisconsin. uwex.edu.
2413:
2411:
2409:
1342:Potassium nitrate was produced in a
1167:The Arabs called it "Chinese snow" (
1066:. It occurs in nature as a mineral,
4038:. United States Patent. 6,228,283.
3310:Nimmo, J. K.; Lucas, B. W. (1976).
3224:. Charles P. Pelham, State Printer.
1997:industry against the organisation.
1576:, easily obtained as a sodium-free
1206:
1193:
1172:
1074:outside the US). It is a source of
397:Key: FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYAM
271:
255:
4337:Saltpeter: The Mother of Gunpowder
3831:"Managing dentin hypersensitivity"
2959:from the original on July 29, 2013
2214:) propositions Walter Ballantine (
2082:condensed aerosol fire suppression
1420:to support their needs during the
14:
3628:US Food and Drug Administration:
2777:James Riddick Partington (1999).
2642:Saltpeter:The Mother of Gunpowder
1946:, and (in some countries) in the
7402:
7401:
4216:from the original on 2016-05-01.
4011:Stan Roark (February 27, 2008).
4000:from the original on 2013-07-29.
3969:10.1097/00000441-188007000-00011
3867:from the original on 2013-07-29.
3802:Enomoto, K; et al. (2003).
3766:from the original on 2018-01-27.
2938:from the original on 2016-05-11.
2702:from the original on 2015-10-17.
2542:Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
2512:(6th ed.). United Kingdom:
2440:from the original on 2016-05-05.
1777:
1770:
1763:
1113:, potassium nitrate reacts with
980:
719:
714:
32:
7240:Salt and cardiovascular disease
4170:from the original on 2007-10-11
3850:10.14219/jada.archive.2006.0321
3715:000 cancers colorectaux par an.
3643:from the original on 2011-11-08
3611:from the original on 2010-10-07
3576:Brown, Catherine (2011-11-14).
3200:from the original on 2007-10-13
2733:from the original on 2014-01-01
2585:"The Red Colour of Salted Meat"
2460:Ema, M.; Kanoh, S. (1983). "".
2221:One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest
2196:In folklore and popular culture
2088:of a fire's flame, it produces
976:(at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
384:InChI=1S/K.NO3/c;2-1(3)4/q+1;-1
4351:, 22 (1975), pp. 125–33.
4013:"Stump Removal for Homeowners"
3884:. C.V. Mosby company. p.
3582:. Neil Wilson Publishing Ltd.
3064:Monumenta pulveris pyrii. Repr
2688:. HarperCollins. p. 304.
2095:Works as an aluminium cleaner.
2084:systems. When burned with the
1441:Régie des Poudres et Salpêtres
1296:At least as far back as 1845,
678:Occupational safety and health
394:InChI=1/K.NO3/c;2-1(3)4/q+1;-1
1:
4341:online review by Robert Tiegs
4309:Journal of Chemical Education
4053:Elizabeth March (June 2008).
3504:Food and Cosmetics Toxicology
2331:In the farming lore from the
2187:As a constituent in homemade
2175:chemically strengthened glass
2005:Potassium nitrate is used in
1514:(1913) was combined with the
1251:. Saltpeter finds mention in
965:Potassium nitrate (data page)
519:2439 g/1000 g water (100 °C)
3899:Joe Graedon (May 15, 2010).
3878:Orville Harry Brown (1917).
3814:(2): 240–247. Archived from
3780:. 2008-08-03. Archived from
3636:Food and Drug Administration
3516:10.1016/0015-6264(75)90157-1
3129:10.1371/journal.pone.0104752
3014:The South Atlantic Quarterly
2554:10.1016/0895-4356(91)90037-a
453:101.1032 g/mol
2949:Major George Rains (1861).
2924:. Basic Books. p. 22.
2153:Gemasolar Thermosolar Plant
1882:in molten potassium nitrate
1211:
1183:
858:or concentration (LD, LC):
41:
7472:
6563:
3937:. Thailand. Archived from
3602:UK Food Standards Agency:
3042:. V. Masson. pp. 294–
2403:, accessed on 2007-03-09.
2139:Thermal storage medium in
1900:black powder rocket motors
1672:, the most stable form of
1335:
1231:
517:383 g/1000 g water (25 °C)
515:316 g/1000 g water (20 °C)
21:Saltpeter (disambiguation)
18:
7399:
6952:In the American Civil War
5619:
5601:
3844:(7): 990–8, quiz 1028–9.
3579:A Year In A Scots Kitchen
3395:Chemistry of the Elements
3393:; Earnshaw, Alan (1997).
3369:10.1107/S0108768109041019
3335:10.1107/S0567740876006894
3289:10.1107/S0108270103025277
3036:Paul-Antoine Cap (1857).
2601:10.1017/S0022172400000097
2509:Oxford English Dictionary
2397:GESTIS Substance Database
2136:trees in the Philippines.
1724:) is larger than sodium (
1684:, a slightly less stable
1657:Potassium nitrate has an
1279:and Ingenious War Devices
1234:Nitre § Availability
1140:, which was Latinised to
970:
963:
958:
895:
876:1901 mg/kg (oral, rabbit)
854:
850:non-flammable (oxidizer)
695:
675:
670:
619:
596:
513:133 g/1000 g water (0 °C)
426:
406:
371:
103:
83:
73:
68:
40:
31:
7258:Salt Industry Commission
3236:"How Refrigerators Work"
3218:LeConte, Joseph (1862).
2713:Cathal J. Nolan (2006).
1635:and potassium chloride.
1148:. Thence Old French had
1121:generating a red color.
959:Supplementary data page
756:Precautionary statements
481:2.109 g/cm (16 °C)
4374:Encyclopædia Britannica
3190:Joseph LeConte (1862).
3078:Alexander Adam (1805).
3017:. Duke University Press
2514:Oxford University Press
2162:, with the addition of
2132:To induce flowering of
1755:Potassium coordination
1443:a few years before the
1406:Nitre and Mining Bureau
878:3750 mg/kg (oral, rat)
566:Magnetic susceptibility
3943:Potassium nitrate 60mg
3477:, TobaccoDocuments.org
3449:Amthyst Galleries, Inc
2589:The Journal of Hygiene
2516:. 2007. p. 3804.
1991:
1883:
1845:Nitric acid production
1508:Birkeland–Eyde process
1062:, and is therefore an
807:
592:1.335, 1.5056, 1.5604
59:
50:
7451:Pyrotechnic oxidizers
7431:Inorganic fertilizers
3911:on September 16, 2011
3399:Butterworth-Heinemann
3391:Greenwood, Norman N.
3061:Oscar Gutman (1906).
2864:Roy, Kaushik (2014).
2837:Sen, Sudipta (2019).
2682:Peter Watson (2006).
2640:Spencer, Dan (2013).
2424:Pyrotechnic Chemistry
2371:Potassium perchlorate
2080:Active ingredient of
1877:
1807:Thermal decomposition
1758:Nitrate coordination
1747:of potassium nitrate
1745:coordination geometry
1358:in the boiler plant.
1277:Military Horsemanship
1228:Historical production
806:
58:
49:
7283:Open-pan salt making
7107:Monosodium glutamate
4091:on 30 November 2011.
3487:Kirst, W.J. (1983).
2583:Haldane, J. (1901).
2345:History of gunpowder
1974:Since October 2015,
1970:Possible cancer risk
1668:is isomorphous with
1644:+ KCl → NaCl + KNO
1498:From 1903 until the
1384:" -the nitraries-).
1239:From mineral sources
1064:alkali metal nitrate
789:(fire diamond)
529:slightly soluble in
7441:Potassium compounds
4425:H, (pseudo)halogens
4418:Potassium compounds
4321:2003JChEd..80.1393B
4277:Mayo, N.S. (1895),
3941:on August 8, 2014.
3905:The Chicago Tribune
3436:10.1021/ja01561a015
3356:Acta Crystallogr. B
3321:Acta Crystallogr. B
3281:2003AcCrC..59I.139A
3268:Acta Crystallogr. C
3120:2014PLoSO...9j4752N
2918:Jack Kelly (2005).
2267:, Jenko, played by
2090:potassium carbonate
1748:
1536:potassium hydroxide
1506:produced using the
1152:and Middle English
1109:(black powder). In
508:Solubility in water
28:
7456:E-number additives
7122:Potassium chloride
6974:In Chinese history
4329:10.1021/ed080p1393
4023:on March 23, 2012.
3733:2015-12-24 at the
3665:. 8 September 2011
3562:2008-03-19 at the
3473:2007-11-01 at the
3454:2008-11-04 at the
2900:2008-02-26 at the
2474:10.1254/fpj.81.469
1884:
1738:
1574:potassium chloride
1422:American Civil War
1418:Confederate States
1378:Kingdom of England
1374:Philip II of Spain
1162:nitrate of potash,
1099:rocket propellants
1095:tree stump removal
1003:Infobox references
953:Potassium chloride
896:Related compounds
808:
60:
51:
27:Potassium nitrate
26:
7413:
7412:
7350:Salting the earth
7345:Salt in the Bible
7319:San Francisco Bay
7127:Potassium nitrate
6899:
6898:
6893:
6892:
5559:
5558:
5061:transition metals
4368:"Saltpetre"
4355:, ISSN 0002-6980.
4209:978-0-12-088465-0
4109:(Press Release).
4087:). Archived from
3784:on August 7, 2007
3408:978-0-08-037941-8
3275:(12): i139–i140.
2997:10.56431/p-je383z
2931:978-0-465-03722-3
2877:978-1-7809-3765-6
2850:978-0-300-11916-9
2790:978-0-8018-5954-0
2726:978-0-313-33733-8
2695:978-0-06-093564-1
2433:978-1-889526-15-7
2392:Potassium nitrate
2147:collected by the
1875:
1813:potassium nitrite
1797:relative humidity
1785:
1784:
1741:crystal structure
1739:Room temperature
1674:calcium carbonate
1570:instant ice packs
1526:Modern production
1445:French Revolution
1212:namak shūra chīnī
1181:
1086:outside the US).
1019:chemical compound
1015:Potassium nitrate
1011:Chemical compound
1009:
1008:
949:Potassium sulfate
944:Related compounds
910:Potassium nitrite
884:Safety data sheet
730:Hazard statements
604:Crystal structure
340:CompTox Dashboard
145:Interactive image
95:Nitrate of potash
78:Potassium nitrate
64:
63:
16:Chemical compound
7463:
7405:
7404:
7263:Evaporation pond
7037:Calcium chloride
6926:
6919:
6912:
6903:
5787:
5785:
5784:
5781:
5712:
5673:
5663:
5661:
5660:
5657:
5605:
5586:
5579:
5572:
5563:
5211:
5197:
5196:
5195:
5187:
5186:
5173:
5159:
5149:
5148:
5147:
5139:
5138:
5101:
4411:
4404:
4397:
4388:
4378:
4370:
4353:Maney Publishing
4332:
4294:
4293:
4292:
4291:
4285:
4274:
4268:
4267:
4266:
4265:
4259:
4248:
4242:
4241:
4239:
4238:
4224:
4218:
4217:
4185:
4179:
4178:
4176:
4175:
4160:
4154:
4153:
4151:
4150:
4136:
4130:
4129:
4127:
4125:
4119:
4113:. Archived from
4108:
4099:
4093:
4092:
4077:
4071:
4070:
4050:
4044:
4043:
4031:
4025:
4024:
4019:. Archived from
4008:
4002:
4001:
3999:
3988:
3979:
3973:
3972:
3952:
3946:
3945:
3927:
3921:
3920:
3918:
3916:
3907:. Archived from
3896:
3890:
3889:
3875:
3869:
3868:
3866:
3835:
3826:
3820:
3819:
3799:
3793:
3792:
3790:
3789:
3774:
3768:
3767:
3743:
3737:
3725:
3719:
3718:
3704:
3698:
3697:
3695:
3694:
3680:
3674:
3673:
3671:
3670:
3658:
3652:
3651:
3649:
3648:
3626:
3620:
3619:
3617:
3616:
3600:
3594:
3593:
3573:
3567:
3554:
3548:
3542:
3536:
3535:
3499:
3493:
3492:
3484:
3478:
3465:
3459:
3446:
3440:
3439:
3424:J. Am. Chem. Soc
3419:
3413:
3412:
3397:(2nd ed.).
3387:
3381:
3380:
3346:
3340:
3339:
3337:
3328:(7): 1968–1971.
3307:
3301:
3300:
3262:
3251:
3250:
3248:
3247:
3232:
3226:
3225:
3215:
3209:
3208:
3206:
3205:
3187:
3178:
3177:
3175:
3173:
3161:Ruane, Michael.
3158:
3152:
3151:
3141:
3131:
3099:
3093:
3090:
3084:
3083:
3075:
3069:
3068:
3058:
3052:
3051:
3049:
3047:
3033:
3027:
3026:
3024:
3022:
3008:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2975:
2969:
2968:
2966:
2964:
2946:
2940:
2939:
2915:
2909:
2888:
2882:
2881:
2861:
2855:
2854:
2834:
2828:
2827:
2825:
2824:
2801:
2795:
2794:
2774:
2765:
2764:
2751:
2745:
2744:
2739:
2738:
2710:
2704:
2703:
2679:
2673:
2672:
2665:
2656:
2655:
2637:
2631:
2630:
2620:
2580:
2574:
2573:
2537:
2528:
2527:
2503:
2494:
2493:
2457:
2451:
2448:
2442:
2441:
2415:
2404:
2387:
2309:Bernard Cornwell
2141:power generation
1996:
1912:paper cartridges
1896:smokeless powder
1876:
1832:
1781:
1774:
1767:
1749:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1718:
1717:
1714:
1703:
1702:
1701:
1698:
1648:
1627:
1601:
1564:
1532:ammonium nitrate
1494:From nitric acid
1289:(in the form of
1214:
1208:
1196:
1195:
1186:
1176:
1174:
1045:
1044:
1043:
1023:chemical formula
993:
987:
984:
983:
933:Rubidium nitrate
835:
828:
821:
814:
799:
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
749:
745:
741:
737:
723:
718:
662:
635:
620:Thermochemistry
579:Refractive index
572:−33.7·10 cm/mol
434:Chemical formula
364:
363:
348:
346:
320:
284:
273:
259:
235:
217:
209:
198:
187:
167:
147:
123:
42:
36:
29:
7471:
7470:
7466:
7465:
7464:
7462:
7461:
7460:
7416:
7415:
7414:
7409:
7395:
7386:Ximenes Redoubt
7381:Water softening
7354:
7328:
7297:
7250:
7244:
7225:Salt-cured meat
7196:
7182:Sodium chloride
7157:Salt substitute
7132:River reed salt
6988:
6935:
6930:
6900:
6895:
6894:
6876:
6872:
6864:
6860:
6852:
6848:
6840:
6836:
6828:
6824:
6816:
6812:
6804:
6800:
6796:
6788:
6784:
6776:
6772:
6764:
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5028:
5024:
5016:
5012:
5004:
5000:
4992:
4984:
4980:
4972:
4968:
4964:
4949:
4945:
4941:
4933:
4929:
4921:
4917:
4909:
4901:
4893:
4889:
4881:
4877:
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4865:
4857:
4853:
4844:
4836:
4828:
4820:
4812:
4803:
4788:
4783:
4775:
4771:
4763:
4759:
4750:
4742:
4738:
4730:
4726:
4717:
4709:
4705:
4701:
4693:
4689:
4685:
4677:
4673:
4669:
4661:
4657:
4653:
4645:
4637:
4629:
4625:
4617:
4609:
4605:
4591:
4583:
4575:
4567:
4563:
4549:
4534:
4505:
4497:
4484:
4471:
4463:
4440:
4420:
4415:
4365:
4362:
4306:
4303:
4298:
4297:
4289:
4287:
4283:
4276:
4275:
4271:
4263:
4261:
4257:
4250:
4249:
4245:
4236:
4234:
4226:
4225:
4221:
4210:
4202:. p. 225.
4187:
4186:
4182:
4173:
4171:
4162:
4161:
4157:
4148:
4146:
4138:
4137:
4133:
4123:
4121:
4120:on 9 March 2012
4117:
4111:Torresol Energy
4106:
4101:
4100:
4096:
4079:
4078:
4074:
4052:
4051:
4047:
4033:
4032:
4028:
4010:
4009:
4005:
3997:
3986:
3981:
3980:
3976:
3957:Am. J. Med. Sci
3954:
3953:
3949:
3929:
3928:
3924:
3914:
3912:
3898:
3897:
3893:
3877:
3876:
3872:
3864:
3833:
3828:
3827:
3823:
3801:
3800:
3796:
3787:
3785:
3776:
3775:
3771:
3760:
3745:
3744:
3740:
3735:Wayback Machine
3726:
3722:
3706:
3705:
3701:
3692:
3690:
3682:
3681:
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3668:
3666:
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3659:
3655:
3646:
3644:
3629:
3627:
3623:
3614:
3612:
3603:
3601:
3597:
3590:
3575:
3574:
3570:
3564:Wayback Machine
3555:
3551:
3543:
3539:
3501:
3500:
3496:
3486:
3485:
3481:
3475:Wayback Machine
3466:
3462:
3456:Wayback Machine
3447:
3443:
3421:
3420:
3416:
3409:
3401:. p. 407.
3389:
3388:
3384:
3352:
3348:
3347:
3343:
3315:
3309:
3308:
3304:
3264:
3263:
3254:
3245:
3243:
3234:
3233:
3229:
3217:
3216:
3212:
3203:
3201:
3189:
3188:
3181:
3171:
3169:
3167:Washington Post
3160:
3159:
3155:
3101:
3100:
3096:
3091:
3087:
3077:
3076:
3072:
3060:
3059:
3055:
3045:
3043:
3035:
3034:
3030:
3020:
3018:
3010:
3009:
3005:
2977:
2976:
2972:
2962:
2960:
2948:
2947:
2943:
2932:
2917:
2916:
2912:
2902:Wayback Machine
2889:
2885:
2878:
2863:
2862:
2858:
2851:
2836:
2835:
2831:
2822:
2820:
2818:
2803:
2802:
2798:
2791:
2776:
2775:
2768:
2753:
2752:
2748:
2736:
2734:
2727:
2712:
2711:
2707:
2696:
2681:
2680:
2676:
2667:
2666:
2659:
2652:
2639:
2638:
2634:
2582:
2581:
2577:
2539:
2538:
2531:
2524:
2505:
2504:
2497:
2459:
2458:
2454:
2449:
2445:
2434:
2417:
2416:
2407:
2388:
2384:
2379:
2341:
2280:, Paul hires a
2216:George C. Scott
2198:
2168:lithium nitrate
2164:calcium nitrate
2066:
2032:sensitive teeth
2023:
2003:
1972:
1924:
1922:Meat processing
1865:
1863:
1855:Ostwald process
1847:
1839:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1809:
1801:reducing agents
1729:
1728:) and calcium (
1725:
1721:
1715:
1712:
1711:
1709:
1699:
1696:
1695:
1693:
1655:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1578:salt substitute
1562:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1528:
1516:Ostwald process
1496:
1481:
1469:calcium nitrate
1430:
1390:
1363:Montepellusanus
1348:saltpetre works
1340:
1338:Saltpetre works
1334:
1326:Calcium nitrate
1306:
1287:potassium oxide
1263:Hasan al-Rammah
1241:
1236:
1230:
1127:
1111:processed meats
1061:
1042:
1037:
1036:
1035:
1025:
1012:
1005:
1000:
999:
998: ?)
989:
985:
981:
977:
951:
945:
937:Caesium nitrate
935:
931:
927:
925:Lithium nitrate
921:
906:
877:
873:
867:
840:
839:
838:
837:
830:
823:
816:
809:
805:
797:
758:
732:
711:
688:
666:-494.00 kJ/mol
663:
660:
654:
650:
647:
646:Std enthalpy of
636:
629:
606:
589:
587:
569:
555:
533:
518:
516:
514:
510:
442:
436:
422:
419:
414:
413:
402:
399:
398:
395:
389:
388:
385:
379:
378:
367:
349:
342:
323:
303:
287:
274:
262:
241:(preservatives)
227:
190:
170:
150:
137:
126:
113:
99:
98:
79:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
7469:
7467:
7459:
7458:
7453:
7448:
7443:
7438:
7433:
7428:
7418:
7417:
7411:
7410:
7400:
7397:
7396:
7394:
7393:
7388:
7383:
7378:
7376:Smelling salts
7373:
7368:
7362:
7360:
7356:
7355:
7353:
7352:
7347:
7342:
7336:
7334:
7330:
7329:
7327:
7326:
7321:
7316:
7311:
7305:
7303:
7299:
7298:
7296:
7295:
7293:Salt tectonics
7290:
7285:
7280:
7275:
7270:
7265:
7260:
7254:
7252:
7246:
7245:
7243:
7242:
7237:
7235:Health effects
7232:
7227:
7222:
7217:
7212:
7206:
7204:
7198:
7197:
7195:
7194:
7189:
7184:
7179:
7174:
7169:
7164:
7159:
7154:
7149:
7144:
7139:
7137:Sodium nitrate
7134:
7129:
7124:
7119:
7114:
7109:
7104:
7099:
7097:Korean brining
7094:
7089:
7084:
7079:
7074:
7069:
7064:
7059:
7054:
7049:
7044:
7039:
7034:
7029:
7024:
7019:
7014:
7009:
7004:
6998:
6996:
6990:
6989:
6987:
6986:
6981:
6976:
6971:
6969:Old Salt Route
6966:
6961:
6954:
6949:
6943:
6941:
6937:
6936:
6931:
6929:
6928:
6921:
6914:
6906:
6897:
6896:
6891:
6890:
6887:
6884:
6881:
6878:
6874:
6870:
6866:
6862:
6858:
6854:
6850:
6846:
6842:
6838:
6834:
6830:
6826:
6822:
6818:
6814:
6810:
6806:
6802:
6798:
6794:
6790:
6786:
6782:
6778:
6774:
6770:
6766:
6762:
6758:
6754:
6750:
6749:
6745:
6741:
6737:
6733:
6729:
6725:
6721:
6717:
6713:
6709:
6705:
6701:
6697:
6693:
6689:
6685:
6681:
6677:
6673:
6669:
6665:
6661:
6657:
6653:
6649:
6645:
6641:
6637:
6633:
6629:
6625:
6621:
6617:
6613:
6609:
6605:
6601:
6597:
6590:
6586:
6582:
6578:
6574:
6570:
6566:
6565:
6562:
6559:
6558:
6555:
6552:
6549:
6546:
6543:
6540:
6537:
6534:
6531:
6528:
6525:
6522:
6519:
6516:
6513:
6510:
6507:
6503:
6499:
6495:
6491:
6486:
6485:
6482:
6479:
6475:
6471:
6467:
6462:
6455:
6451:
6447:
6443:
6439:
6435:
6431:
6427:
6420:
6416:
6412:
6408:
6401:
6397:
6393:
6389:
6385:
6381:
6377:
6373:
6369:
6365:
6361:
6357:
6353:
6349:
6346:
6342:
6338:
6334:
6330:
6326:
6322:
6318:
6314:
6310:
6306:
6302:
6298:
6294:
6290:
6286:
6282:
6279:
6275:
6271:
6267:
6263:
6258:
6257:
6253:
6249:
6245:
6241:
6234:
6230:
6227:
6223:
6219:
6215:
6211:
6207:
6203:
6199:
6195:
6191:
6187:
6183:
6179:
6175:
6171:
6167:
6163:
6159:
6152:
6148:
6144:
6140:
6133:
6129:
6125:
6121:
6117:
6113:
6110:
6107:
6103:
6099:
6095:
6091:
6087:
6083:
6079:
6075:
6071:
6067:
6063:
6059:
6055:
6053:
6049:
6045:
6041:
6037:
6032:
6031:
6028:
6020:
6016:
6012:
6008:
6005:
6002:
5998:
5994:
5990:
5986:
5982:
5978:
5974:
5970:
5963:
5959:
5955:
5951:
5947:
5943:
5939:
5932:
5928:
5924:
5920:
5916:
5909:
5905:
5901:
5897:
5893:
5889:
5885:
5881:
5877:
5873:
5869:
5865:
5861:
5857:
5853:
5849:
5845:
5841:
5839:
5835:
5831:
5827:
5823:
5818:
5817:
5814:
5806:
5802:
5798:
5794:
5791:
5788:
5766:
5762:
5758:
5754:
5750:
5746:
5742:
5737:
5736:
5733:
5725:
5721:
5717:
5713:
5696:
5692:
5688:
5684:
5677:
5664:
5645:
5641:
5637:
5633:
5629:
5624:
5623:
5620:
5618:
5616:
5614:
5610:
5603:
5602:
5599:
5598:
5591:
5589:
5588:
5581:
5574:
5566:
5557:
5556:
5554:
5553:
5549:
5545:
5541:
5537:
5533:
5529:
5525:
5521:
5517:
5513:
5509:
5505:
5501:
5497:
5493:
5489:
5485:
5481:
5477:
5473:
5469:
5465:
5461:
5457:
5453:
5449:
5445:
5441:
5437:
5433:
5429:
5425:
5421:
5417:
5413:
5408:
5406:
5402:
5401:
5399:
5398:
5394:
5390:
5386:
5382:
5378:
5374:
5370:
5366:
5362:
5358:
5354:
5350:
5346:
5342:
5338:
5334:
5329:
5325:
5321:
5317:
5313:
5309:
5305:
5301:
5297:
5293:
5289:
5285:
5281:
5277:
5273:
5269:
5265:
5261:
5257:
5253:
5249:
5245:
5241:
5237:
5233:
5229:
5225:
5221:
5217:
5213:
5199:
5192:
5183:
5175:
5161:
5151:
5144:
5135:
5127:
5123:
5119:
5115:
5111:
5107:
5103:
5089:
5085:
5081:
5077:
5073:
5069:
5064:
5062:
5058:
5057:
5055:
5054:
5050:
5046:
5042:
5038:
5034:
5030:
5026:
5022:
5018:
5014:
5010:
5006:
5002:
4998:
4994:
4990:
4986:
4982:
4978:
4974:
4970:
4966:
4962:
4957:
4955:
4951:
4950:
4948:
4947:
4943:
4939:
4935:
4931:
4927:
4923:
4919:
4915:
4911:
4907:
4903:
4899:
4895:
4891:
4887:
4883:
4879:
4875:
4871:
4867:
4863:
4859:
4855:
4851:
4847:
4842:
4838:
4834:
4830:
4826:
4822:
4818:
4814:
4810:
4806:
4801:
4796:
4794:
4790:
4789:
4787:
4786:
4781:
4777:
4773:
4769:
4765:
4761:
4757:
4753:
4748:
4744:
4740:
4736:
4732:
4728:
4724:
4720:
4715:
4711:
4707:
4703:
4699:
4695:
4691:
4687:
4683:
4679:
4675:
4671:
4667:
4663:
4659:
4655:
4651:
4647:
4643:
4639:
4635:
4631:
4627:
4623:
4619:
4615:
4611:
4607:
4603:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4585:
4581:
4577:
4573:
4569:
4565:
4561:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4542:
4540:
4536:
4535:
4533:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4503:
4499:
4495:
4491:
4486:
4482:
4478:
4473:
4469:
4465:
4461:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4438:
4434:
4428:
4426:
4422:
4421:
4416:
4414:
4413:
4406:
4399:
4391:
4385:
4384:
4379:
4361:
4360:External links
4358:
4357:
4356:
4343:
4335:David Cressy.
4333:
4302:
4299:
4296:
4295:
4269:
4243:
4219:
4208:
4200:Academic Press
4180:
4166:. 1989-06-16.
4155:
4131:
4094:
4072:
4045:
4026:
4003:
3974:
3947:
3935:fda.moph.go.th
3922:
3891:
3870:
3821:
3818:on 2010-01-11.
3794:
3769:
3758:
3738:
3720:
3699:
3675:
3653:
3621:
3595:
3588:
3568:
3566:, Food Network
3549:
3545:"Meat Science"
3537:
3510:(6): 655–661.
3494:
3479:
3460:
3441:
3430:(4): 838–842.
3414:
3407:
3382:
3363:(6): 659–663.
3350:
3341:
3313:
3302:
3252:
3227:
3210:
3179:
3153:
3114:(8): e104752.
3094:
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3003:
2970:
2941:
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2891:Ahmad Y Hassan
2883:
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2856:
2849:
2829:
2817:978-0521085731
2816:
2796:
2789:
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2746:
2725:
2705:
2694:
2674:
2657:
2650:
2632:
2595:(1): 115–122.
2575:
2548:(3): 261–264.
2529:
2522:
2495:
2468:(6): 469–480.
2452:
2443:
2432:
2405:
2381:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2374:
2373:
2368:
2366:Nitrocellulose
2363:
2358:
2352:
2347:
2340:
2337:
2313:Sharpe's Havoc
2269:Channing Tatum
2264:21 Jump Street
2212:Joanna Cassidy
2197:
2194:
2193:
2192:
2185:
2178:
2171:
2137:
2130:
2127:rust inhibitor
2119:heat treatment
2115:
2110:attacking the
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2065:
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2061:
2060:
2053:
2038:
2035:
2022:
2019:
2011:macronutrients
2002:
1999:
1971:
1968:
1956:reestit mutton
1936:sodium nitrite
1923:
1920:
1862:
1859:
1849:Historically,
1846:
1843:
1838:
1835:
1834:
1833:
1808:
1805:
1783:
1782:
1775:
1768:
1760:
1759:
1756:
1753:
1666:Sodium nitrate
1654:
1651:
1650:
1649:
1633:sodium nitrate
1629:
1628:
1603:
1602:
1566:
1565:
1527:
1524:
1495:
1492:
1484:Joseph LeConte
1480:
1477:
1429:
1426:
1389:
1386:
1333:
1330:
1305:
1302:
1240:
1237:
1229:
1226:
1218:Tiangong Kaiwu
1126:
1123:
1059:
1052:potassium ions
1038:
1010:
1007:
1006:
1001:
979:
978:
974:standard state
971:
968:
967:
961:
960:
956:
955:
946:
943:
940:
939:
929:Sodium nitrate
922:
916:
913:
912:
907:
901:
898:
897:
893:
892:
887:
880:
879:
874:
865:
863:
860:
859:
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851:
848:
842:
841:
831:
824:
817:
810:
795:
794:
793:
792:
790:
781:
780:
759:
754:
751:
750:
733:
728:
725:
724:
712:
707:
704:
703:
693:
692:
689:
686:
683:
682:
673:
672:
668:
667:
664:
658:
652:
644:
641:
640:
639:95.06 J/mol K
637:
625:
622:
621:
617:
616:
607:
602:
599:
598:
594:
593:
590:
585:
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396:
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352:
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305:
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109:
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85:
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71:
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66:
65:
62:
61:
52:
38:
37:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7468:
7457:
7454:
7452:
7449:
7447:
7446:Preservatives
7444:
7442:
7439:
7437:
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7427:
7424:
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7421:
7408:
7398:
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7384:
7382:
7379:
7377:
7374:
7372:
7369:
7367:
7364:
7363:
7361:
7359:Miscellaneous
7357:
7351:
7348:
7346:
7343:
7341:
7340:Grain of salt
7338:
7337:
7335:
7331:
7325:
7322:
7320:
7317:
7315:
7312:
7310:
7307:
7306:
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7300:
7294:
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7220:Brined cheese
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6967:
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6964:In Middlewich
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6280:
6278:
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6260:
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6092:
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5300:
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5114:
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5019:
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5005:
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4993:
4987:
4985:
4975:
4973:
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4105:
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4060:
4059:WIPO Magazine
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3759:9780841238114
3755:
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3729:
3724:
3721:
3716:
3712:(in French).
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3240:HowStuffWorks
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2963:September 13,
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2783:. JHU Press.
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2671:. 3 May 2024.
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2114:of the stump.
2113:
2109:
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2104:decomposition
2101:
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2091:
2087:
2086:free radicals
2083:
2079:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2067:
2063:
2058:
2054:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2036:
2033:
2029:
2026:Used in some
2025:
2024:
2020:
2018:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1994:
1988:
1983:
1981:
1977:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1950:used to make
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1921:
1919:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1881:
1860:
1858:
1856:
1852:
1844:
1842:
1836:
1818:
1817:
1816:
1814:
1806:
1804:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1780:
1776:
1773:
1769:
1766:
1762:
1761:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1736:
1733:
1707:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1660:
1652:
1638:
1637:
1636:
1634:
1612:
1611:
1610:
1608:
1583:
1582:
1581:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1541:
1540:
1539:
1537:
1533:
1525:
1523:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1512:Haber process
1509:
1505:
1501:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1485:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1428:French method
1427:
1425:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1410:
1407:
1402:
1400:
1399:nitrification
1395:
1387:
1385:
1383:
1382:Feuerwerkbuch
1379:
1375:
1371:
1366:
1364:
1359:
1357:
1353:
1352:efflorescence
1349:
1345:
1339:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1323:
1321:
1320:
1315:
1311:
1303:
1301:
1299:
1294:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1278:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1245:Mauryan India
1238:
1235:
1227:
1225:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1213:
1207:نمک شوره چينی
1204:
1200:
1190:
1187:) as well as
1185:
1179:
1170:
1165:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1136:in the Greek
1135:
1130:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1087:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1041:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1004:
997:
992:
975:
969:
966:
962:
957:
954:
950:
947:
942:
941:
938:
934:
930:
926:
923:
920:
915:
914:
911:
908:
905:
900:
899:
894:
891:
888:
885:
882:
881:
875:
871:
862:
861:
857:
853:
849:
847:
844:
843:
836:
829:
822:
815:
791:
788:
787:
783:
782:
760:
757:
753:
752:
734:
731:
727:
726:
722:
717:
713:
710:
706:
705:
701:
699:
694:
690:
685:
684:
680:
679:
674:
669:
665:
657:
649:
643:
642:
638:
633:
628:
627:Heat capacity
624:
623:
618:
615:
611:
608:
605:
601:
600:
595:
591:
584:
580:
576:
575:
571:
567:
563:
562:
558:
552:
548:
545:
544:
541:
537:
532:
528:
526:
523:
522:
512:
509:
505:
504:
500:
498:
497:Boiling point
495:
494:
490:
488:
487:Melting point
485:
484:
480:
478:
475:
474:
470:
468:
465:
464:
460:
457:
456:
452:
450:
447:
446:
438:
435:
431:
430:
425:
416:
412:
405:
391:
381:
377:
370:
362:
358:
357:DTXSID4029692
354:
353:
351:
341:
337:
336:
332:
330:
327:
326:
319:
315:
314:
312:
310:
307:
306:
299:
298:
296:
294:
291:
290:
283:
279:
278:
276:
270:
266:
265:
258:
254:
253:
251:
249:
246:
245:
242:
238:
236:
231:
230:
223:
222:
220:
218:
213:
212:
208:
204:
201:
199:
197:ECHA InfoCard
194:
193:
186:
182:
181:
179:
177:
174:
173:
166:
165:ChEMBL1644029
162:
161:
159:
157:
154:
153:
146:
142:
141:
139:
135:
130:
129:
122:
118:
117:
115:
112:
108:
107:
102:
94:
91:
88:
87:
82:
76:
72:
67:
57:
53:
48:
44:
43:
39:
35:
30:
22:
7366:Mineral lick
7251:and industry
7126:
7067:Fleur de sel
6956:
5821:
4832:
4372:
4346:
4336:
4315:(12): 1393.
4312:
4308:
4301:Bibliography
4288:, retrieved
4279:
4272:
4262:, retrieved
4253:
4246:
4235:. Retrieved
4231:
4222:
4190:
4183:
4172:. Retrieved
4158:
4147:. Retrieved
4143:
4134:
4122:. Retrieved
4115:the original
4097:
4089:the original
4075:
4058:
4048:
4029:
4021:the original
4006:
3977:
3960:
3956:
3950:
3942:
3939:the original
3934:
3925:
3913:. Retrieved
3909:the original
3904:
3894:
3880:
3873:
3841:
3837:
3824:
3816:the original
3811:
3807:
3797:
3786:. Retrieved
3782:the original
3772:
3748:
3741:
3723:
3713:
3709:
3702:
3691:. Retrieved
3687:
3678:
3667:. Retrieved
3656:
3645:. Retrieved
3634:
3624:
3613:. Retrieved
3598:
3578:
3571:
3552:
3540:
3507:
3503:
3497:
3488:
3482:
3463:
3444:
3427:
3423:
3417:
3394:
3385:
3360:
3354:
3344:
3325:
3319:
3305:
3272:
3266:
3244:. Retrieved
3242:. 2006-11-29
3239:
3230:
3220:
3213:
3202:. Retrieved
3192:
3170:. Retrieved
3166:
3156:
3111:
3107:
3097:
3088:
3079:
3073:
3063:
3056:
3044:. Retrieved
3038:
3031:
3019:. Retrieved
3013:
3006:
2987:
2983:
2973:
2961:. Retrieved
2951:
2944:
2920:
2913:
2905:
2886:
2866:
2859:
2839:
2832:
2821:. Retrieved
2806:
2799:
2779:
2761:
2756:
2749:
2741:
2735:. Retrieved
2715:
2708:
2684:
2677:
2641:
2635:
2592:
2588:
2578:
2545:
2541:
2506:
2465:
2461:
2455:
2446:
2423:
2391:
2385:
2330:
2323:
2321:
2312:
2305:novel series
2302:
2299:
2290:The Simpsons
2288:
2286:
2277:Eating Raoul
2275:
2273:
2262:
2260:
2248:Captain Kirk
2237:
2235:
2228:
2226:
2219:
2205:
2199:
2182:Rocket candy
2145:solar energy
2021:Pharmacology
2017:of 13-0-44.
2004:
1987:E249 to E252
1984:
1982:to humans).
1980:carcinogenic
1973:
1925:
1916:niter bluing
1904:rocket candy
1885:
1848:
1840:
1810:
1786:
1734:
1664:
1659:orthorhombic
1656:
1630:
1604:
1593:+ KCl → NH
1567:
1551:+ KOH → NH
1529:
1497:
1488:Swiss method
1487:
1482:
1479:Swiss method
1451:with either
1440:
1439:created the
1431:
1411:
1403:
1393:
1391:
1381:
1367:
1360:
1343:
1341:
1324:
1318:
1307:
1295:
1282:
1275:The Book of
1274:
1270:
1269:in his book
1260:
1256:Arthashastra
1242:
1222:Qing dynasty
1209:
1188:
1184:thalj al-ṣīn
1166:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1131:
1128:
1088:
1083:
1079:
1071:
1056:nitrate ions
1046:. It is an
1014:
1013:
855:
785:
697:
687:Main hazards
676:
655:
631:
610:Orthorhombic
582:
550:
461:white solid
293:RTECS number
104:Identifiers
84:Other names
7324:In Pakistan
7309:In Cheshire
7268:Salt mining
7230:Salted fish
7152:Salammoniac
7112:Moshio salt
7017:Asín tibuok
3963:: 158–180.
3688:www.who.int
3557:Corned Beef
3046:23 February
3021:22 February
2189:smoke bombs
2075:salt bridge
2071:electrolyte
2069:Used as an
2057:hypotensive
2028:toothpastes
2007:fertilizers
1993:charcuterie
1952:corned beef
1944:charcuterie
1940:curing salt
1932:Middle Ages
1908:smoke bombs
1888:blackpowder
1851:nitric acid
1793:hygroscopic
1678:isomorphous
1607:nitric acid
1504:nitric acid
1500:World War I
1370:Elizabeth I
1091:fertilizers
870:median dose
856:Lethal dose
846:Flash point
681:(OHS/OSH):
534:soluble in
458:Appearance
427:Properties
203:100.028.926
7420:Categories
7278:Sink works
7202:Food usage
7092:Kala namak
7027:Black lava
6979:Salt March
4954:B, C group
4793:pnictogens
4539:chalcogens
4290:2022-03-13
4264:2022-03-13
4237:2019-08-01
4174:2007-10-19
4149:2023-10-18
3788:2008-08-03
3693:2023-12-29
3669:2011-10-27
3647:2011-10-27
3615:2011-10-27
3246:2018-11-02
3204:2007-10-19
2823:2014-11-21
2737:2011-11-28
2390:Record of
2377:References
2282:dominatrix
2250:injures a
2149:heliostats
2100:tree stump
2064:Other uses
2050:urethritis
2015:NPK rating
2001:Fertilizer
1964:INS number
1752:Unit cell
1653:Properties
1356:ebullition
1336:See also:
1304:From caves
1291:wood ashes
1253:Kautilya's
1232:See also:
1115:hemoglobin
1048:ionic salt
709:Pictograms
597:Structure
525:Solubility
449:Molar mass
318:RU45X2JN0Z
176:ChemSpider
132:3D model (
111:CAS Number
75:IUPAC name
7426:Gunpowder
7371:Road salt
7302:By region
7273:Salt well
7077:Himalayan
6984:Salt road
4144:ThoughtCo
3524:0015-6264
2990:: 88–99.
2609:0022-1724
2562:0895-4356
2482:0015-5691
2361:Nitratine
2333:Corn Belt
2293:episode "
2256:gunpowder
2242:episode "
2239:Star Trek
2207:Bank Shot
2202:impotence
2123:oxidizing
1928:antiquity
1706:carbonate
1686:polymorph
1682:aragonite
1614:KOH + HNO
1520:nitratite
1437:Lavoisier
1394:nitre bed
1388:Nitre bed
1368:In 1561,
1361:Besides "
1332:Nitraries
1322:rockets.
1310:bat guano
1298:nitratite
1199:gunpowder
1178:romanized
1173:ثلج الصين
1158:saltpetre
1134:cognation
1125:Etymology
1119:myoglobin
1107:gunpowder
1103:fireworks
1084:saltpetre
1080:saltpeter
890:ICSC 0184
700:labelling
648:formation
614:Aragonite
471:odorless
329:UN number
300:TT3700000
224:231-818-8
216:EC Number
121:7757-79-1
92:Saltpetre
89:Saltpeter
7436:Nitrates
7407:Category
7314:In Ghana
7249:Commerce
7172:Sel gris
7167:Seasoned
7162:Sea salt
7117:Pickling
7012:Alberger
4214:Archived
4196:Elsevier
4168:Archived
4067:Archived
4040:Archived
3995:Archived
3915:June 18,
3862:Archived
3858:16803826
3764:Archived
3731:Archived
3710:Marianne
3641:Archived
3609:Archived
3560:Archived
3471:Archived
3452:Archived
3377:19923693
3297:14671340
3198:Archived
3148:25111392
3108:PLOS ONE
2957:Archived
2936:Archived
2898:Archived
2731:Archived
2700:Archived
2627:20474105
2507:Shorter
2438:Archived
2339:See also
2325:Dr Stone
2317:cesspits
2046:pyelitis
2042:cystitis
1880:charcoal
1861:Oxidizer
1824:⇌ 2 KNO
1732:) ions.
1597:Cl + KNO
1319:Bang Fai
1076:nitrogen
786:NFPA 704
671:Hazards
568:(χ)
547:Basicity
536:glycerol
234:E number
7333:Culture
7215:Salting
7210:Brining
7187:Truffle
7087:Jugyeom
7082:Iodised
7022:Bittern
6947:History
6940:History
6564:
5594:nitrate
5405:organic
4317:Bibcode
4124:7 March
3532:1107192
3277:Bibcode
3172:10 July
3139:4128746
3116:Bibcode
2618:2235964
2570:1999685
2490:6618340
2399:of the
2395:in the
2322:In the
2300:In the
2236:In the
2157:Ternary
2151:at the
1930:or the
1892:cordite
1690:nitrate
1670:calcite
1465:leached
1414:LeConte
1344:nitrary
1216:). The
1203:Persian
1180::
1146:nitrium
996:what is
994: (
919:cations
540:ammonia
531:ethanol
477:Density
443:
269:PubChem
7192:Túltul
7177:Smoked
7102:Kosher
7072:Garlic
7052:Cyclic
7047:Curing
7042:Celery
7032:Butter
7002:Abraum
6781:PaO(NO
6461:BiO(NO
6309:TaO(NO
6082:NbO(NO
5232:Fe(CN)
5220:Fe(CN)
5084:Pt(CN)
4232:EW.com
4206:
4085:SEARCA
3856:
3756:
3586:
3530:
3522:
3405:
3375:
3295:
3146:
3136:
2928:
2874:
2847:
2814:
2787:
2723:
2692:
2648:
2625:
2615:
2607:
2568:
2560:
2520:
2488:
2480:
2430:
2303:Sharpe
2210:, El (
1966:252).
1704:) and
1618:→ KNO
1572:, and
1473:potash
1453:mortar
1449:manure
1433:Turgot
1169:Arabic
1142:nitrum
1138:nitron
1054:K and
991:verify
988:
917:Other
904:anions
902:Other
886:(SDS)
411:SMILES
257:D02051
156:ChEMBL
69:Names
7142:Onion
7062:Flake
7057:Dairy
7007:Alaea
6994:Types
6869:Cf(NO
6857:Bk(NO
6845:Cm(NO
6833:Am(NO
6821:Pu(NO
6809:Np(NO
6769:Th(NO
6757:Ac(NO
6740:Yb(NO
6728:Tm(NO
6716:Er(NO
6704:Ho(NO
6692:Dy(NO
6680:Tb(NO
6668:Gd(NO
6656:Eu(NO
6644:Sm(NO
6632:Pm(NO
6620:Nd(NO
6608:Pr(NO
6596:Ce(NO
6585:Ce(NO
6573:La(NO
6498:Ra(NO
6470:Po(NO
6450:Bi(NO
6438:Pb(NO
6426:Tl(NO
6407:Hg(NO
6380:Au(NO
6368:Pt(NO
6297:Hf(NO
6285:Lu(NO
6270:Ba(NO
6248:Xe(NO
6194:Sn(NO
6182:In(NO
6170:Cd(NO
6158:Ag(NO
6139:Pd(NO
6128:Pd(NO
6116:Rh(NO
6070:Zr(NO
6044:Sr(NO
5993:Ga(NO
5981:Zn(NO
5969:Cu(NO
5950:Ni(NO
5938:Co(NO
5927:Co(NO
5915:Fe(NO
5904:Fe(NO
5892:Mn(NO
5880:Cr(NO
5868:VO(NO
5856:Ti(NO
5844:Sc(NO
5830:Ca(NO
5805:ClONO
5773:Al(NO
5761:Al(NO
5749:Mg(NO
5716:HOONO
5636:Be(NO
4348:Ambix
4284:(PDF)
4258:(PDF)
4118:(PDF)
4107:(PDF)
3998:(PDF)
3987:(PDF)
3865:(PDF)
3834:(PDF)
2355:Niter
2244:Arena
2160:salts
2134:mango
2108:fungi
2073:in a
1948:brine
1820:2 KNO
1680:with
1555:+ KNO
1461:urine
1457:straw
1283:barud
1267:Syria
1249:caste
1194:بارود
1189:bārūd
1154:nitre
1150:niter
1072:nitre
1068:niter
1017:is a
559:15.3
418:.()=O
376:InChI
333:1486
282:24434
239:E252
185:22843
134:JSmol
7147:Rock
6933:Salt
6490:FrNO
6419:TlNO
6356:O(NO
6262:CsNO
6214:(OH)
6151:AgNO
6058:Y(NO
6036:RbNO
6019:BrNO
6011:+SeO
5962:CuNO
5741:NaNO
5668:RONO
5649:B(NO
5628:LiNO
5412:KHCO
5328:KCrO
5284:KMnO
5244:Fe(C
5169:ReBr
5155:KAsF
5122:ReCl
5110:PtCl
5072:PtCl
4989:KHCO
4930:HAsO
4906:KAsO
4642:KHSO
4634:KHSO
4614:KHSO
4530:KSCN
4525:KOCN
4520:KCNO
4481:KBrO
4468:KClO
4460:KClO
4455:KClO
4204:ISBN
4126:2012
4063:WIPO
3991:NIST
3917:2012
3854:PMID
3754:ISBN
3584:ISBN
3528:PMID
3520:ISSN
3403:ISBN
3373:PMID
3293:PMID
3174:2020
3144:PMID
3048:2013
3023:2013
2965:2012
2926:ISBN
2872:ISBN
2845:ISBN
2812:ISBN
2785:ISBN
2721:ISBN
2690:ISBN
2646:ISBN
2623:PMID
2605:ISSN
2566:PMID
2558:ISSN
2518:ISBN
2486:PMID
2478:ISSN
2428:ISBN
2252:gorn
2230:1776
2112:wood
2048:and
2030:for
1960:E252
1894:, a
1837:Uses
1743:and
1640:NaNO
1534:and
1435:and
1346:or "
1314:Laos
1117:and
1101:and
1082:(or
1070:(or
778:P280
774:P221
770:P220
766:P210
762:P102
748:H335
744:H319
740:H315
736:H272
467:Odor
309:UNII
248:KEGG
7391:Tax
6889:No
6886:Md
6883:Fm
6880:Es
6797:(NO
6753:**
6557:Og
6554:Ts
6551:Lv
6548:Mc
6545:Fl
6542:Nh
6539:Cn
6536:Rg
6533:Ds
6530:Mt
6527:Hs
6524:Bh
6521:Sg
6518:Db
6515:Rf
6512:Lr
6509:**
6484:Rn
6481:At
6396:(NO
6348:Os
6337:ReO
6325:(NO
6240:+IO
6233:INO
6229:Te
6218:(NO
6112:Ru
6109:Tc
6098:(NO
6094:MoO
6030:Kr
6026:+Br
6007:As
6004:Ge
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