501:
478:
671:
783:), and other opportunistic pathogens. Its ability to harbor such microbes further underscores the importance of using sterile products in any clinical setting. Since these bacteria are resistant to povidone iodine, statements that bacteria do not develop resistance to PVP-I, should be regarded with great caution: some bacteria are intrinsically resistant to a range of biocides including povidone-iodine.
967:
4441:
1103:, and is also effective against yeasts, molds, fungi, viruses, and protozoans. Drawbacks to its use in the form of aqueous solutions include irritation at the site of application, toxicity, and the staining of surrounding tissues. These deficiencies were overcome by the discovery and use of PVP-I, in which the iodine is carried in a
1131:
769:
Because of these critical indications, only sterile povidone-iodine should be used in most cases. Non-sterile product can be appropriate in limited circumstances in which people have intact, healthy skin that will not be compromised or cut. The non-sterile form of
Povidone iodine has a long history
765:
or mixed infections. For these purposes PVP-I has been formulated at concentrations of 7.5–10.0% in solution, spray, surgical scrub, ointment, and swab dosage forms; however, use of 10% povidone-iodine though recommended, is infrequently used, as it is poorly accepted by health care workers and is
951:
Iodine is absorbed into the body to various degrees, depending on application area and condition of the skin. As such, it interacts with diagnostic tests of the thyroid gland such as radioiodine diagnostics, as well as with various diagnostic agents used on the urine and stool, for example
1986:
830:. It is currently unclear whether PVP-I is more effective in reducing the number of cases of conjunctivitis in neonates over other methods. PVP-I appears to be very suitable for this purpose because, unlike other substances, it is also efficient against
2049:
Three methods are used to obtain povidone–iodine: exposing the polymer to iodine vapors , mixing PVP and iodine solutions , and heating dry PVP and iodine samples at 80–90°C until the titrated iodine concentration is constant
1902:
3767:
643:. The recommended strength solution contains 10% Povidone, with total iodine species equaling 10,000 ppm or 1% total titratable iodine. It works by releasing iodine which results in the death of a range of
1605:
Slater K, Cooke M, Fullerton F, Whitby M, Hay J, Lingard S, et al. (September 2020). "Peripheral intravenous catheter needleless connector decontamination study-Randomized controlled trial".
2282:
Wong RH, Wong VW, Hung EC, Lee PY, Ng CS, Wan IY, et al. (2011). "Topical application of povidone-iodine before wound closure is associated with significant increase in serum iodine level".
3760:
3037:
1288:
2387:
4476:
3753:
1456:"The Comparative Efficacy of Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Povidone-iodine Antiseptics for the Prevention of Infection in Clean Surgery: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis"
1099:
in 1811, it has been broadly used for the prevention and treatment of skin infections, as well as the treatment of wounds. Iodine has been recognized as an effective broad-spectrum
1886:
132:
553:
725:
Consequently, PVP-I has found broad application in medicine as a surgical scrub; for pre- and post-operative skin cleansing; for the treatment and prevention of infections in
1083:
dressing. The rate of release of the iodine in the PVP-I is heavily dependent on the hydrogel composition: it increases with more CMC/PVA and decreases with more gelatin.
1274:
3030:
4207:
2884:
72:
1145:
Research has previously found that the polymer polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP, povidone) can coil around individual carbon nanotubes to make them water-soluble.
2380:
3023:
1497:"Preoperative Antisepsis with Chlorhexidine Versus Povidone-Iodine for the Prevention of Surgical Site Infection: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis"
1138:
Povidone-iodine has found application in the field of nanomaterials. A wound-healing application has been developed which employs a mat of single wall
1114:
PVP-I was discovered in 1955, at the
Industrial Toxicology Laboratories in Philadelphia by H. A. Shelanski and M. V. Shelanski. They carried out tests
593:. It may be used both to disinfect the hands of healthcare providers and the skin of the person they are caring for. It may also be used for minor
2373:
2828:
2084:
1972:
1896:
1365:
1326:
1260:
1221:
798:
in a compound of more than 31,600 ppm of total iodine atoms. All the toxic and staining effects of PVP-I is due to the inactive iodine only.
651:
1953:"Dermatologicals (D), 4. Antiseptics and Disinfectants (D 08), Anti-Acne Preparations (D 10), and Other Dermatological Preparations (D 11)."
710:
is almost twice as effective in preventing infection after surgery with a similar to lower risk of adverse events, and the combination of
1379:
2566:
1429:
31:
4200:
2877:
2112:
2667:
1648:
Slater K, Fullerton F, Cooke M, Snell S, Rickard CM (September 2018). "Needleless connector drying time-how long does it take?".
1891:(in German) (62nd ed.). Vienna: Österreichischer Apothekerverlag (Austrian pharmacist publishing company). pp. 983–5.
1820:
Najafi Bi R, Samani SM, Pishva N, Moheimani F (2003). "Formulation and
Clinical Evaluation of Povidone-Iodine Ophthalmic Drop".
272:
238:
90:
2253:
Wong RH, Hung EC, Wong VW, Wan IY, Ng CS, Wan S, et al. (2009). "Povidone-iodine wound irrigation: A word of caution".
1340:
109:
2620:
4431:
4193:
2870:
370:
1916:
Niedner R (1997). "Cytotoxicity and sensitization of povidone-iodine and other frequently used anti-infective agents".
2845:
1032:
Free iodine, slowly liberated from the povidone-iodine (PVP-I) complex in solution, kills cells through iodination of
457:
4296:
2814:
2210:
917:
3718:
3573:
3496:
3389:
1393:
1201:
4276:
3452:
2935:
2652:
1056:. Slow release of iodine from the PVP-I complex in solution minimizes iodine toxicity towards mammalian cells.
905:
4168:
3649:
3380:
2940:
2930:
2920:
2833:
1064:
864:
because of incessant pleural effusions). For this purpose, povidone-iodine is equally effective and safe as
815:
120:
496:
4466:
3940:
3877:
3644:
2970:
2779:
2686:
682:
Povidone-iodine is a broad spectrum antiseptic for topical application in the treatment and prevention of
446:
4316:
4257:
4252:
3958:
3487:
3233:
3174:
2691:
2633:
2628:
826:
820:
253:
3745:
4461:
4270:
3709:
3410:
3341:
3242:
2745:
2696:
2662:
2646:
2576:
2173:
2127:
1104:
983:
811:
772:
621:
4266:
4073:
3526:
3429:
3328:
3109:
3080:
2893:
2784:
2642:
2422:
1026:
1018:
975:
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670:
628:
473:
289:
82:
4321:
3902:
3149:
3119:
2716:
2299:
2270:
1978:
1673:
1630:
1587:
1532:
1174:
1119:
703:
695:
609:
36:
3154:
940:
and proteins such as enzymes, rendering them (and itself) ineffective. It also reacts with many
2354:
1118:
to demonstrate anti-bacterial activity, and found that the complex was less toxic in mice than
3679:
3659:
3594:
3253:
3248:
3144:
2799:
2758:
2677:
2454:
2334:
2230:
2191:
2090:
2080:
2040:
1968:
1933:
1892:
1862:
1759:
1708:
1665:
1622:
1579:
1571:
1524:
1516:
1477:
1371:
1361:
1332:
1322:
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1256:
1217:
1169:
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1014:
945:
941:
929:
881:
715:
605:
586:
54:
1355:
426:
4379:
3619:
3609:
2324:
2291:
2262:
2222:
2181:
2135:
2030:
2020:
1960:
1925:
1852:
1841:"Efficacy & safety of iodopovidone pleurodesis: a systematic review & meta-analysis"
1800:
1790:
1749:
1739:
1700:
1657:
1614:
1563:
1508:
1467:
1401:
1209:
1154:
1096:
1040:
and membrane compounds. This agent exhibits a broad range of microbiocidal activity against
758:
655:
617:
513:
379:
298:
4471:
4445:
4311:
3819:
3809:
3654:
3579:
3364:
3261:
3159:
3060:
3015:
2493:
2427:
1421:
1139:
893:
807:
742:
683:
636:
601:
218:
2143:
706:, due to its slow absorption via soft tissue, making it the choice for longer surgeries.
2177:
2131:
1122:. Human clinical trials showed the product to be superior to other iodine formulations.
500:
477:
4286:
4247:
4112:
4091:
3897:
3887:
3779:
3536:
3439:
3369:
3277:
3266:
3219:
3090:
3047:
2912:
2839:
2735:
2600:
2035:
2008:
1857:
1840:
1805:
1778:
1754:
1727:
1076:
884:
used to clean skin prior to surgery is better than any formulation of povidone-iodine.
844:
644:
2365:
2211:"Large area-aligned arrays from direct deposition of single-wall carbon nanotube inks"
948:, as well as with many metals, making it unsuitable for disinfecting metal piercings.
600:
Side effects include skin irritation and sometimes swelling. If used on large wounds,
4455:
4341:
4281:
4174:
4025:
4015:
3975:
3948:
3930:
3796:
3699:
3564:
3313:
3167:
2547:
2518:
2459:
2295:
2266:
1982:
1952:
1634:
1536:
1255:. British Medical Association; Joint Formulary Committee. 6 March 2015. p. 840.
1107:
form and the concentration of free iodine is very low. The product thus serves as an
1010:
897:
877:
719:
707:
489:
2303:
2274:
2186:
2161:
1677:
1134:
Schematic of povidone-iodine complex wrapping a single wall carbon nanotube (black).
4418:
4220:
4152:
4142:
4045:
4030:
4010:
3980:
3912:
3787:
3734:
3684:
3669:
3614:
3543:
3521:
3515:
3475:
3444:
3424:
3418:
3351:
3336:
3318:
3285:
3197:
3185:
3134:
3129:
3075:
3069:
3051:
2997:
2955:
2925:
2897:
2809:
2605:
2513:
2498:
2474:
2404:
2400:
1795:
1591:
746:
323:
213:
206:
201:
194:
189:
182:
177:
170:
165:
158:
153:
145:
140:
2139:
1691:
Fleischer W, Reimer K (1997). "Povidone-iodine in antisepsis--state of the art".
1551:
1472:
1455:
1316:
1250:
4369:
4354:
4291:
4262:
4237:
4063:
4040:
4035:
4020:
4005:
4000:
3925:
3920:
3892:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3776:
3724:
3714:
3694:
3689:
3604:
3584:
3559:
3507:
3502:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3305:
3295:
3203:
3180:
2706:
2638:
2595:
2464:
1100:
1037:
937:
901:
857:
40:
22:
1661:
1618:
1512:
1025:. Its stability in solution is much greater than that of tincture of iodine or
4387:
4359:
4349:
4306:
4301:
4229:
4162:
4132:
4107:
3995:
3985:
3882:
3839:
3814:
3804:
3783:
3729:
3674:
3664:
3624:
3470:
3356:
3214:
3190:
3139:
3124:
3104:
3098:
2965:
2950:
2945:
2794:
2753:
2711:
2610:
2538:
2523:
2469:
2396:
2062:
2025:
1270:
966:
762:
750:
582:
541:
354:
2195:
2094:
1964:
1575:
1550:
Kramer A, Dissemond J, Kim S, Willy C, Mayer D, Papke R, et al. (2018).
1520:
1398:
World Health
Organization model list of essential medicines: 22nd list (2021)
1336:
794:
to the target cells. Most commonly used 10% PVP-I delivers about 1–3 ppm of I
4402:
4397:
4185:
4147:
4086:
3990:
3967:
3868:
3858:
3638:
3629:
3531:
3458:
3434:
3346:
3113:
3085:
2980:
2862:
2701:
2657:
2586:
2528:
2508:
2442:
2432:
1496:
1375:
987:
754:
76:
2338:
2329:
2312:
2234:
2044:
2009:"Polymeric Iodophors: Preparation, Properties, and Biomedical Applications"
1866:
1763:
1669:
1626:
1583:
1528:
1481:
1422:"Povidone/iodine solution: Indications, Side Effects, Warnings - Drugs.com"
1937:
1712:
30:
4364:
4242:
4081:
4055:
3634:
3599:
3589:
3569:
3290:
3209:
2960:
2906:
2789:
2413:
1744:
1159:
1108:
1060:
1049:
1041:
1022:
979:
954:
699:
632:
613:
334:
104:
1406:
343:
4392:
4137:
3849:
2763:
2446:
2111:
Simmons TJ, Lee SH, Park TJ, Hashim DP, Ajayan PM, Linhardt RJ (2009).
1213:
1164:
1072:
1053:
590:
309:
2226:
1929:
1704:
1567:
1454:
Wade RG, Burr NE, McCauley G, Bourke G, Efthimiou O (September 2020).
1130:
597:. It may be applied to the skin as a liquid, an ointment or a powder.
4326:
4216:
3224:
2726:
2557:
2503:
2484:
1449:
1447:
1092:
1033:
933:
861:
730:
726:
640:
612:
may occur. It is not recommended in women who are less than 32 weeks
594:
437:
406:
399:
2804:
1129:
1080:
1045:
868:, and may be preferred because of easy availability and low cost.
835:
831:
734:
702:. Povidone-iodine exhibits longer lasting antiseptic effects than
687:
675:
669:
417:
2007:
Makhayeva DN, Irmukhametova GS, Khutoryanskiy VV (January 2020).
3229:
3003:
1321:(3rd ed.). Wiley Publishing. 16 October 2013. p. 728.
865:
738:
691:
390:
4189:
3749:
3019:
2866:
2369:
2160:
Makhayeva DN, Irmukhametova GS, Khutoryanskiy VV (2023-11-08).
1726:
Rose H, Baldwin A, Dowson CG, Mahenthiralingam E (March 2009).
650:
Povidone-iodine came into commercial use in 1955. It is on the
247:
99:
839:
1002:). It is synthesized by mixing the PVP polymer with iodine (I
1728:"Biocide susceptibility of the Burkholderia cepacia complex"
462:
900:) and other diseases of the thyroid, after treatment with
2209:
Simmons TJ, Hashim D, Vajtai R, Ajayan PM (August 2007).
786:
Antiseptic activity of PVP-I is because of free iodine (I
1777:
Martin I, Sawatzky P, Liu G, Mulvey MR (February 2015).
718:
in very low concentration is significantly superior for
652:
560:
1839:
Agarwal R, Khan A, Aggarwal AN, Gupta D (March 2012).
4429:
658:. It is sold under a number of brand names including
814:
of 2.5% concentration can be used for prevention of
4411:
4378:
4340:
4228:
4125:
4100:
4072:
4054:
3966:
3957:
3939:
3911:
3867:
3848:
3795:
3552:
3486:
3379:
3327:
3304:
3276:
3059:
2989:
2905:
2772:
2744:
2725:
2676:
2619:
2585:
2556:
2537:
2483:
2441:
2412:
540:
512:
507:
488:
456:
436:
416:
389:
369:
353:
333:
308:
288:
263:
237:
232:
131:
119:
89:
71:
63:
53:
48:
1142:(SWNTs) coated in a monolayer of povidone-iodine.
2113:"Antiseptic Single Wall Carbon Nanotube Bandages"
616:. Frequent use is not recommended in people with
1880:
1878:
1876:
322:
2162:"Advances in antimicrobial polymeric iodophors"
2079:. New York: John Wiley & Sons. p. 68.
1208:. World Health Organization. pp. 321–323.
1204:(2009). Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR (eds.).
297:
1957:Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry
1318:Encyclopedia of polymer science and technology
1252:British National Formulary (BNF), 69th Edition
4477:World Health Organization essential medicines
4201:
3761:
3031:
2878:
2381:
8:
2106:
2104:
1822:Iranian Journal of Pharmaceuticical Research
1779:"Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Canada: 2009-2013"
1552:"Consensus on Wound Antisepsis: Update 2018"
108:
21:
2317:European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery
1009:It is soluble in cold and mild-warm water,
217:
4208:
4194:
4186:
3963:
3768:
3754:
3746:
3038:
3024:
3016:
2885:
2871:
2863:
2388:
2374:
2366:
1495:Chen S, Chen JW, Guo B, Xu CS (May 2020).
499:
476:
29:
2328:
2311:Wong RH, Ng CS, Underwood MJ (May 2012).
2185:
2034:
2024:
1856:
1804:
1794:
1753:
1743:
1732:The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
1471:
1405:
1196:
1194:
1192:
1190:
944:compounds, giving the corrosive compound
378:
2215:Journal of the American Chemical Society
1311:
1309:
965:
892:PVP-I is contraindicated in people with
686:. It may be used in first aid for minor
280:2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-ethenyl-, homopolymer
4436:
2313:"Iodine pleurodesis--a word of caution"
1245:
1243:
1241:
1239:
1237:
1235:
1233:
1186:
674:Wound area covered in povidone-iodine.
472:
342:
277:
1905:from the original on 22 February 2022.
1845:The Indian Journal of Medical Research
1277:from the original on 22 February 2022.
490:
20:
3150:Selenium disulfide (selenium sulfide)
1650:American Journal of Infection Control
1607:American Journal of Infection Control
1400:. Geneva: World Health Organization.
1360:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 68.
970:Structure of povidone-iodine complex.
790:) and PVP-I only acts as carrier of I
777:
741:; for the treatment of infections in
445:
425:
81:
7:
2361:. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
1432:from the original on 13 January 2017
205:
193:
181:
169:
157:
144:
405:
398:
313:
59:Betadine, Wokadine, Pyodine, others
2567:Iodine/octylphenoxypolyglycolether
1783:Canada Communicable Disease Report
1079:. These hydrogels can be used for
14:
3160:Zinc pyrithione (pyrithione zinc)
4439:
2668:Didecyldimethylammonium chloride
2296:10.1111/j.1744-1633.2011.00547.x
2267:10.1111/j.1744-1633.2009.00461.x
1556:Skin Pharmacology and Physiology
1382:from the original on 2017-01-13.
1343:from the original on 2017-01-13.
928:The iodine in PVP-I reacts with
818:, especially if it is caused by
770:of intrinsic contamination with
3120:Ciclopirox olamine (ciclopirox)
2759:Isopropanol (isopropyl alcohol)
2187:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.112573
1989:from the original on 2022-02-22
654:. Povidone-iodine is available
67:polyvidone iodine, iodopovidone
2810:Chloramine-T (tosylchloramide)
1796:10.1002/14651858.CD001862.pub3
1006:), allowing the two to react.
876:There is strong evidence that
35:Povidone-iodine applied to an
1:
2621:Quaternary ammonium compounds
1354:Sneader W (31 October 2005).
920:rate to the product is 0.7%.
2140:10.1016/j.carbon.2009.02.005
1473:10.1097/SLA.0000000000004076
2013:Review Journal of Chemistry
1091:Following the discovery of
4493:
2815:Octenidine dihydrochloride
1662:10.1016/j.ajic.2018.05.007
1619:10.1016/j.ajic.2019.11.030
1513:10.1007/s00268-020-05384-7
1410:. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2021.02.
508:Chemical and physical data
3453:Potassium channel openers
2823:
2754:Propanol (propyl alcohol)
2077:Drug Discovery: A History
2075:Walter S (23 June 2005).
2026:10.1134/S2079978020010033
1394:World Health Organization
1357:Drug Discovery: A History
1289:"Povidone iodine topical"
1202:World Health Organization
1059:PVP-I can be loaded into
766:excessively slow to dry.
550:
268:
83:Consumer Drug Information
28:
2166:European Polymer Journal
1965:10.1002/14356007.w08_w03
1951:Kutscher B (June 2000).
1501:World Journal of Surgery
1206:WHO Model Formulary 2008
1063:, which can be based on
906:dermatitis herpetiformis
4169:Lactobacillus fermentum
3650:Glycopyrronium tosylate
3565:Aminobenzoate potassium
3497:5α-Reductase inhibitors
3445:Topilutamide (fluridil)
3390:5α-Reductase inhibitors
3365:Topical corticosteroids
3262:Topical corticosteroids
2921:Aluminium chlorohydrate
2764:Ethanol (ethyl alcohol)
2359:Drug Information Portal
1065:carboxymethyl cellulose
816:neonatal conjunctivitis
4297:Dichlorobenzyl alcohol
4238:Acriflavinium chloride
3878:Diiodohydroxyquinoline
3645:Glycopyrronium bromide
3488:Hair growth inhibitors
3175:Calcineurin inhibitors
2971:Phenylmercuric nitrate
2780:Potassium permanganate
2687:Mercuric amidochloride
1135:
971:
679:
678:has also been applied.
4317:Myristyl-benzalkonium
3234:urea-containing cream
2692:Phenylmercuric borate
2634:Benzethonium chloride
2063:U.S. patent 2,739,922
1885:Jasek W, ed. (2007).
1133:
974:Povidone-iodine is a
969:
908:(Duhring's disease).
904:, and in people with
827:Chlamydia trachomatis
821:Neisseria gonorrhoeae
673:
627:Povidone-iodine is a
3710:Pregnenolone acetate
3411:Saw palmetto extract
2663:Benzoxonium chloride
2577:Diiodohydroxypropane
2330:10.1093/ejcts/ezr137
1075:, or on crosslinked
984:polyvinylpyrrolidone
773:Burkholderia cepacia
256: / Rx-only
3527:Cyproterone acetate
3430:Cyproterone acetate
3381:Alopecia treatments
3329:Anti-inflammatories
3110:Cetrimonium bromide
3081:Cyproterone acetate
2894:Medicated dressings
2785:Sodium hypochlorite
2423:Ethacridine lactate
2178:2023EurPJ.20112573M
2132:2009Carbo..47.1561S
1069:poly(vinyl alcohol)
1019:polyethylene glycol
781:Pseudomonas cepacia
712:sodium hypochlorite
25:
16:Antiseptic solution
2850:Never to phase III
1924:(Suppl 2): 89–92.
1745:10.1093/jac/dkn540
1175:Tincture of iodine
1136:
1120:tincture of iodine
972:
704:tincture of iodine
680:
620:or who are taking
610:metabolic acidosis
4427:
4426:
4380:Local anesthetics
4183:
4182:
4121:
4120:
3743:
3742:
3680:Magnesium sulfate
3660:Hydrogen peroxide
3595:Calcium gluconate
3254:Lithium succinate
3249:Lithium gluconate
3145:Piroctone olamine
3013:
3012:
2860:
2859:
2800:Hydrogen peroxide
2697:Mercuric chloride
2455:Dibrompropamidine
2355:"Povidone-iodine"
2284:Surgical Practice
2255:Surgical Practice
2227:10.1021/ja073745e
2086:978-0-471-89979-2
1974:978-3-527-30385-4
1959:. pp. 1–22.
1930:10.1159/000246038
1898:978-3-85200-181-4
1705:10.1159/000246022
1568:10.1159/000481545
1460:Annals of Surgery
1367:978-0-470-01552-0
1328:978-0-470-07369-8
1262:978-0-85711-156-2
1223:978-92-4-154765-9
1036:and oxidation of
1015:isopropyl alcohol
930:hydrogen peroxide
888:Contraindications
882:denatured alcohol
716:hypochlorous acid
606:high blood sodium
589:before and after
587:skin disinfection
577:), also known as
568:
567:
458:CompTox Dashboard
251:
102:
4484:
4444:
4443:
4442:
4435:
4210:
4203:
4196:
4187:
4113:Methylrosaniline
3964:
3770:
3763:
3756:
3747:
3620:Deoxycholic acid
3610:Cromoglicic acid
3061:Anti-seborrheics
3040:
3033:
3026:
3017:
2887:
2880:
2873:
2864:
2390:
2383:
2376:
2367:
2362:
2342:
2332:
2307:
2278:
2239:
2238:
2206:
2200:
2199:
2189:
2157:
2151:
2150:
2148:
2142:. Archived from
2126:(6): 1561–1564.
2117:
2108:
2099:
2098:
2072:
2066:
2065:
2059:
2053:
2052:
2038:
2028:
2004:
1998:
1997:
1995:
1994:
1948:
1942:
1941:
1913:
1907:
1906:
1882:
1871:
1870:
1860:
1836:
1830:
1829:
1817:
1811:
1810:
1808:
1798:
1774:
1768:
1767:
1757:
1747:
1723:
1717:
1716:
1699:(Suppl 2): 3–9.
1688:
1682:
1681:
1656:(9): 1080–1081.
1645:
1639:
1638:
1613:(9): 1013–1018.
1602:
1596:
1595:
1547:
1541:
1540:
1507:(5): 1412–1424.
1492:
1486:
1485:
1475:
1466:(6): e481–e488.
1451:
1442:
1441:
1439:
1437:
1418:
1412:
1411:
1409:
1390:
1384:
1383:
1351:
1345:
1344:
1313:
1304:
1303:
1301:
1299:
1285:
1279:
1278:
1247:
1228:
1227:
1198:
1155:Cadexomer iodine
1140:carbon nanotubes
1097:Bernard Courtois
1027:Lugol's solution
1001:
1000:
999:
976:chemical complex
779:
757:associated with
743:decubitus ulcers
656:over the counter
639:, and elemental
629:chemical complex
618:thyroid problems
564:
563:
556:
503:
492:
481:
480:
466:
464:
449:
429:
409:
402:
382:
346:
326:
316:
315:
301:
249:
246:
221:
209:
197:
185:
173:
161:
148:
112:
101:
98:
85:
33:
26:
24:
4492:
4491:
4487:
4486:
4485:
4483:
4482:
4481:
4452:
4451:
4450:
4440:
4438:
4430:
4428:
4423:
4407:
4374:
4336:
4332:Povidone-iodine
4312:Hexylresorcinol
4277:Cetylpyridinium
4224:
4214:
4184:
4179:
4158:Povidone-iodine
4117:
4096:
4068:
4050:
3953:
3935:
3907:
3863:
3844:
3820:Oxytetracycline
3810:Chloramphenicol
3791:
3780:anti-infectives
3774:
3744:
3739:
3705:Povidone-iodine
3655:Hyaluronic acid
3580:Benzoylperoxide
3548:
3482:
3375:
3323:
3300:
3278:Skin lightening
3272:
3055:
3044:
3014:
3009:
2985:
2976:Povidone-iodine
2936:Cetylpyridinium
2931:Benzododecinium
2913:anti-infectives
2910:
2901:
2891:
2861:
2856:
2855:
2840:Clinical trials
2819:
2768:
2740:
2721:
2717:Mercuric iodide
2672:
2653:Cetylpyridinium
2615:
2581:
2572:Povidone-iodine
2552:
2533:
2494:Hexachlorophene
2487:and derivatives
2479:
2437:
2428:9-Aminoacridine
2408:
2394:
2353:
2350:
2345:
2310:
2281:
2252:
2248:
2246:Further reading
2243:
2242:
2221:(33): 10088–9.
2208:
2207:
2203:
2159:
2158:
2154:
2146:
2115:
2110:
2109:
2102:
2087:
2074:
2073:
2069:
2061:
2060:
2056:
2006:
2005:
2001:
1992:
1990:
1975:
1950:
1949:
1945:
1915:
1914:
1910:
1899:
1884:
1883:
1874:
1838:
1837:
1833:
1819:
1818:
1814:
1776:
1775:
1771:
1725:
1724:
1720:
1690:
1689:
1685:
1647:
1646:
1642:
1604:
1603:
1599:
1549:
1548:
1544:
1494:
1493:
1489:
1453:
1452:
1445:
1435:
1433:
1420:
1419:
1415:
1392:
1391:
1387:
1368:
1353:
1352:
1348:
1329:
1315:
1314:
1307:
1297:
1295:
1287:
1286:
1282:
1263:
1249:
1248:
1231:
1224:
1200:
1199:
1188:
1183:
1151:
1128:
1089:
1005:
998:
995:
994:
993:
991:
978:of the polymer
964:
926:
914:
894:hyperthyroidism
890:
874:
860:(fusion of the
854:
804:
797:
793:
789:
684:wound infection
668:
637:hydrogen iodide
602:kidney problems
571:Povidone-iodine
559:
557:
554:(what is this?)
551:
531:
525:
521:
484:
460:
452:
432:
412:
385:
365:
349:
329:
312:
304:
284:
281:
276:
275:
259:
228:
225:
122:
115:
110:Povidone-iodine
44:
23:Povidone-iodine
17:
12:
11:
5:
4490:
4488:
4480:
4479:
4474:
4469:
4464:
4454:
4453:
4449:
4448:
4425:
4424:
4422:
4421:
4415:
4413:
4409:
4408:
4406:
4405:
4400:
4395:
4390:
4384:
4382:
4376:
4375:
4373:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4346:
4344:
4338:
4337:
4335:
4334:
4329:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4287:Chlorquinaldol
4284:
4279:
4274:
4260:
4255:
4250:
4248:Amylmetacresol
4245:
4240:
4234:
4232:
4226:
4225:
4219:preparations (
4215:
4213:
4212:
4205:
4198:
4190:
4181:
4180:
4178:
4177:
4172:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4129:
4127:
4123:
4122:
4119:
4118:
4116:
4115:
4110:
4104:
4102:
4098:
4097:
4095:
4094:
4092:Amphotericin B
4089:
4084:
4078:
4076:
4070:
4069:
4067:
4066:
4060:
4058:
4052:
4051:
4049:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3972:
3970:
3961:
3955:
3954:
3952:
3951:
3945:
3943:
3937:
3936:
3934:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3917:
3915:
3909:
3908:
3906:
3905:
3900:
3898:Broxyquinoline
3895:
3890:
3888:Chlorquinaldol
3885:
3880:
3874:
3872:
3865:
3864:
3862:
3861:
3855:
3853:
3846:
3845:
3843:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3801:
3799:
3793:
3792:
3775:
3773:
3772:
3765:
3758:
3750:
3741:
3740:
3738:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3567:
3562:
3556:
3554:
3550:
3549:
3547:
3546:
3541:
3540:
3539:
3537:Spironolactone
3534:
3529:
3524:
3512:
3511:
3510:
3505:
3492:
3490:
3484:
3483:
3481:
3480:
3479:
3478:
3473:
3463:
3462:
3461:
3449:
3448:
3447:
3442:
3440:Spironolactone
3437:
3432:
3427:
3415:
3414:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3385:
3383:
3377:
3376:
3374:
3373:
3370:hydrocortisone
3360:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3342:Gamolenic acid
3339:
3333:
3331:
3325:
3324:
3322:
3321:
3316:
3310:
3308:
3306:Skin darkening
3302:
3301:
3299:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3282:
3280:
3274:
3273:
3271:
3270:
3267:hydrocortisone
3258:
3257:
3256:
3251:
3239:
3238:
3237:
3227:
3222:
3220:Salicylic acid
3217:
3212:
3200:
3195:
3194:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3171:
3168:Antihistamines
3164:
3163:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3107:
3095:
3094:
3093:
3091:Spironolactone
3088:
3083:
3078:
3065:
3063:
3057:
3056:
3050:preparations (
3048:dermatological
3045:
3043:
3042:
3035:
3028:
3020:
3011:
3010:
3008:
3007:
3001:
2993:
2991:
2987:
2986:
2984:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2917:
2915:
2903:
2902:
2892:
2890:
2889:
2882:
2875:
2867:
2858:
2857:
2854:
2853:
2852:
2851:
2848:
2837:
2831:
2825:
2824:
2821:
2820:
2818:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2776:
2774:
2770:
2769:
2767:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2750:
2748:
2742:
2741:
2739:
2738:
2736:Silver nitrate
2732:
2730:
2723:
2722:
2720:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2683:
2681:
2674:
2673:
2671:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2636:
2631:
2625:
2623:
2617:
2616:
2614:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2601:Chlorquinaldol
2598:
2592:
2590:
2583:
2582:
2580:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2563:
2561:
2554:
2553:
2551:
2550:
2544:
2542:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2490:
2488:
2481:
2480:
2478:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2451:
2449:
2439:
2438:
2436:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2419:
2417:
2410:
2409:
2395:
2393:
2392:
2385:
2378:
2370:
2364:
2363:
2349:
2348:External links
2346:
2344:
2343:
2308:
2279:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2201:
2152:
2149:on 2010-06-21.
2100:
2085:
2067:
2054:
1999:
1973:
1943:
1908:
1897:
1872:
1851:(3): 297–304.
1831:
1812:
1769:
1718:
1683:
1640:
1597:
1542:
1487:
1443:
1413:
1385:
1366:
1346:
1327:
1305:
1280:
1261:
1229:
1222:
1185:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1177:
1172:
1170:Lugol's iodine
1167:
1162:
1157:
1150:
1147:
1127:
1124:
1088:
1085:
1077:polyacrylamide
1003:
996:
963:
960:
946:mercury iodide
925:
922:
913:
910:
889:
886:
873:
870:
856:It is used in
853:
850:
845:Herpes simplex
803:
800:
795:
791:
787:
667:
664:
645:microorganisms
566:
565:
548:
547:
544:
538:
537:
527:
523:
519:
516:
510:
509:
505:
504:
494:
486:
485:
483:
482:
469:
467:
454:
453:
451:
450:
442:
440:
434:
433:
431:
430:
422:
420:
414:
413:
411:
410:
403:
395:
393:
387:
386:
384:
383:
375:
373:
367:
366:
364:
363:
359:
357:
351:
350:
348:
347:
339:
337:
331:
330:
328:
327:
319:
317:
306:
305:
303:
302:
294:
292:
286:
285:
283:
282:
279:
271:
270:
269:
266:
265:
261:
260:
258:
257:
243:
241:
235:
234:
230:
229:
227:
226:
224:
223:
211:
199:
187:
175:
163:
150:
137:
135:
129:
128:
125:
123:administration
117:
116:
114:
113:
95:
93:
87:
86:
79:
69:
68:
65:
61:
60:
57:
51:
50:
46:
45:
34:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4489:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4467:Disinfectants
4465:
4463:
4460:
4459:
4457:
4447:
4437:
4433:
4420:
4417:
4416:
4414:
4410:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4385:
4383:
4381:
4377:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4347:
4345:
4343:
4339:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4282:Chlorhexidine
4280:
4278:
4275:
4272:
4268:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4235:
4233:
4231:
4227:
4222:
4218:
4211:
4206:
4204:
4199:
4197:
4192:
4191:
4188:
4176:
4175:Copper usnate
4173:
4171:
4170:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4130:
4128:
4124:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4105:
4103:
4099:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4079:
4077:
4075:
4071:
4065:
4062:
4061:
4059:
4057:
4053:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4026:Propenidazole
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4016:Fenticonazole
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3976:Metronidazole
3974:
3973:
3971:
3969:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3956:
3950:
3949:Sulfatolamide
3947:
3946:
3944:
3942:
3938:
3932:
3931:Ascorbic acid
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3918:
3916:
3914:
3913:Organic acids
3910:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3866:
3860:
3857:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3847:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3802:
3800:
3798:
3794:
3789:
3785:
3781:
3778:
3777:Gynecological
3771:
3766:
3764:
3759:
3757:
3752:
3751:
3748:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3720:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3700:Oxymetazoline
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3640:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3575:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3557:
3555:
3551:
3545:
3542:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3519:
3518:
3517:
3516:Antiandrogens
3513:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3500:
3499:
3498:
3494:
3493:
3491:
3489:
3485:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3468:
3467:
3464:
3460:
3457:
3456:
3455:
3454:
3450:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3422:
3421:
3420:
3419:Antiandrogens
3416:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3393:
3392:
3391:
3387:
3386:
3384:
3382:
3378:
3371:
3367:
3366:
3362:
3361:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3334:
3332:
3330:
3326:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3314:Afamelanotide
3312:
3311:
3309:
3307:
3303:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3283:
3281:
3279:
3275:
3268:
3264:
3263:
3259:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3246:
3245:
3244:
3243:Lithium salts
3240:
3235:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3207:
3206:
3205:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3178:
3177:
3176:
3172:
3170:
3169:
3165:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3115:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3102:
3101:
3100:
3096:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3073:
3072:
3071:
3070:Antiandrogens
3067:
3066:
3064:
3062:
3058:
3053:
3049:
3041:
3036:
3034:
3029:
3027:
3022:
3021:
3018:
3005:
3002:
2999:
2995:
2994:
2992:
2988:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2941:Chlorhexidine
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2918:
2916:
2914:
2908:
2904:
2899:
2895:
2888:
2883:
2881:
2876:
2874:
2869:
2868:
2865:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2826:
2822:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2777:
2775:
2771:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2751:
2749:
2747:
2743:
2737:
2734:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2724:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2675:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2648:
2644:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2626:
2624:
2622:
2618:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2584:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2555:
2549:
2548:Nitrofurazone
2546:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2536:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2519:Chloroxylenol
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2482:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2460:Chlorhexidine
2458:
2456:
2453:
2452:
2450:
2448:
2444:
2440:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2411:
2406:
2402:
2401:disinfectants
2398:
2391:
2386:
2384:
2379:
2377:
2372:
2371:
2368:
2360:
2356:
2352:
2351:
2347:
2340:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2314:
2309:
2305:
2301:
2297:
2293:
2289:
2285:
2280:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2260:
2256:
2251:
2250:
2245:
2236:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2205:
2202:
2197:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2171:
2167:
2163:
2156:
2153:
2145:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2114:
2107:
2105:
2101:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2082:
2078:
2071:
2068:
2064:
2058:
2055:
2051:
2046:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2003:
2000:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1947:
1944:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1912:
1909:
1904:
1900:
1894:
1890:
1889:
1888:Austria-Codex
1881:
1879:
1877:
1873:
1868:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1835:
1832:
1828:(3): 157–160.
1827:
1823:
1816:
1813:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1788:
1784:
1780:
1773:
1770:
1765:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1738:(3): 502–10.
1737:
1733:
1729:
1722:
1719:
1714:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1687:
1684:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1644:
1641:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1601:
1598:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1546:
1543:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1491:
1488:
1483:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1450:
1448:
1444:
1431:
1427:
1426:www.drugs.com
1423:
1417:
1414:
1408:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1389:
1386:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1363:
1359:
1358:
1350:
1347:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1324:
1320:
1319:
1312:
1310:
1306:
1294:
1290:
1284:
1281:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1258:
1254:
1253:
1246:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1234:
1230:
1225:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1197:
1195:
1193:
1191:
1187:
1180:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1152:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1132:
1125:
1123:
1121:
1117:
1112:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1086:
1084:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1057:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1030:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1011:ethyl alcohol
1007:
989:
985:
981:
977:
968:
961:
959:
957:
956:
949:
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
923:
921:
919:
918:sensitization
911:
909:
907:
903:
899:
898:thyroid gland
895:
887:
885:
883:
879:
878:chlorhexidine
871:
869:
867:
863:
859:
851:
849:
847:
846:
841:
837:
833:
829:
828:
823:
822:
817:
813:
809:
801:
799:
784:
782:
775:
774:
767:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
747:stasis ulcers
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
723:
721:
720:wound healing
717:
713:
709:
708:Chlorhexidine
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
677:
672:
665:
663:
661:
657:
653:
648:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
625:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
598:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
562:
555:
549:
545:
543:
539:
535:
530:
517:
515:
511:
506:
502:
498:
495:
493:
491:ECHA InfoCard
487:
479:
475:
474:DTXSID8035712
471:
470:
468:
459:
455:
448:
447:ChEMBL1201724
444:
443:
441:
439:
435:
428:
424:
423:
421:
419:
415:
408:
404:
401:
397:
396:
394:
392:
388:
381:
377:
376:
374:
372:
368:
361:
360:
358:
356:
352:
345:
341:
340:
338:
336:
332:
325:
321:
320:
318:
311:
307:
300:
296:
295:
293:
291:
287:
278:
274:
267:
262:
255:
245:
244:
242:
240:
236:
231:
220:
215:
212:
208:
203:
200:
196:
191:
188:
184:
179:
176:
172:
167:
164:
160:
155:
152:
151:
147:
142:
139:
138:
136:
134:
130:
126:
124:
118:
111:
106:
97:
96:
94:
92:
88:
84:
80:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
56:
52:
49:Clinical data
47:
42:
38:
32:
27:
19:
4419:Flurbiprofen
4331:
4322:Oxyquinoline
4258:Benzethonium
4253:Benzalkonium
4167:
4157:
4153:Furazolidone
4143:Policresulen
4046:Flutrimazole
4031:Butoconazole
4011:Ketoconazole
3981:Clotrimazole
3941:Sulfonamides
3903:Oxyquinoline
3735:Tralokinumab
3719:progesterone
3715:Progestogens
3704:
3685:Metandienone
3670:Lebrikizumab
3615:Delgocitinib
3574:testosterone
3544:Eflornithine
3522:Bicalutamide
3514:
3495:
3476:Ritlecitinib
3465:
3451:
3425:Bicalutamide
3417:
3388:
3363:
3352:Pimecrolimus
3337:Alitretinoin
3319:Melanotan II
3286:Hydroquinone
3260:
3241:
3204:Keratolytics
3202:
3198:Isotretinoin
3186:Pimecrolimus
3173:
3166:
3135:Ketoconazole
3130:Clotrimazole
3097:
3076:Bicalutamide
3068:
2975:
2956:Fusidic acid
2926:Benzalkonium
2629:Benzalkonium
2606:Oxyquinoline
2571:
2514:Triclocarban
2499:Policresulen
2475:Polihexanide
2358:
2320:
2316:
2290:(3): 79–82.
2287:
2283:
2261:(4): 123–4.
2258:
2254:
2218:
2214:
2204:
2169:
2165:
2155:
2144:the original
2123:
2119:
2076:
2070:
2057:
2048:
2019:(1): 40–57.
2016:
2012:
2002:
1991:. Retrieved
1956:
1946:
1921:
1917:
1911:
1887:
1848:
1844:
1834:
1825:
1821:
1815:
1789:(2): 35–41.
1786:
1782:
1772:
1735:
1731:
1721:
1696:
1692:
1686:
1653:
1649:
1643:
1610:
1606:
1600:
1562:(1): 28–58.
1559:
1555:
1545:
1504:
1500:
1490:
1463:
1459:
1434:. Retrieved
1425:
1416:
1407:10665/345533
1397:
1388:
1356:
1349:
1317:
1296:. Retrieved
1292:
1283:
1251:
1205:
1144:
1137:
1115:
1113:
1090:
1058:
1031:
1008:
973:
953:
950:
927:
924:Interactions
915:
912:Side effects
896:(overactive
891:
875:
872:Alternatives
855:
843:
825:
819:
805:
785:
780:
771:
768:
724:
681:
666:Medical uses
659:
649:
626:
599:
579:iodopovidone
578:
574:
570:
569:
558:
552:
533:
528:
239:Legal status
233:Legal status
162:) (dressing)
91:License data
18:
4462:Antiseptics
4370:Tyrothricin
4355:Fusafungine
4342:Antibiotics
4292:Dequalinium
4263:Cetrimonium
4230:Antiseptics
4064:Terconazole
4041:Oxiconazole
4036:Omoconazole
4021:Azanidazole
4006:Tioconazole
4001:Isoconazole
3959:Antifungals
3926:Acetic acid
3921:Lactic acid
3893:Dequalinium
3871:derivatives
3835:Clindamycin
3830:Mepartricin
3825:Carfecillin
3797:Antibiotics
3784:antiseptics
3725:Ruxolitinib
3695:Oclacitinib
3690:Nemolizumab
3605:Crisaborole
3585:Brimonidine
3560:Abrocitinib
3508:Finasteride
3503:Dutasteride
3406:Finasteride
3401:Dutasteride
3396:Alfatradiol
3296:Monobenzone
3181:Cyclosporin
3099:Antifungals
2836:from market
2707:Nitromersol
2639:Cetrimonium
2596:Dequalinium
2589:derivatives
2541:derivatives
2465:Propamidine
2416:derivatives
2397:Antiseptics
2323:(5): 1209.
1918:Dermatology
1693:Dermatology
1214:10665/44053
1101:bactericide
1071:(PVA), and
1038:cytoplasmic
986:, PVP) and
938:taurolidine
902:radioiodine
858:pleurodesis
852:Pleurodesis
838:(including
763:trichomonal
497:100.110.412
264:Identifiers
64:Other names
55:Trade names
41:cotton swab
4456:Categories
4388:Benzocaine
4360:Gramicidin
4350:Bacitracin
4307:Hexetidine
4302:Hexamidine
4163:Protiofate
4133:Clodantoin
4108:Ciclopirox
3996:Ornidazole
3986:Miconazole
3968:Imidazoles
3883:Clioquinol
3840:Pentamycin
3815:Hachimycin
3805:Candicidin
3730:Tiratricol
3675:Lokivetmab
3665:Ivermectin
3625:Diclofenac
3471:Nepidermin
3357:Tacrolimus
3215:Resorcinol
3191:Tacrolimus
3155:Xenysalate
3140:Miconazole
3125:Climbazole
3105:Bifonazole
2966:Nitrofural
2951:Framycetin
2946:Clioquinol
2795:Monalazone
2712:Thiomersal
2611:Clioquinol
2539:Nitrofuran
2524:Biphenylol
2470:Hexamidine
2443:Biguanides
2172:: 112573.
1993:2022-02-22
1436:11 January
1271:1031488649
1181:References
751:gynecology
583:antiseptic
542:Molar mass
427:CHEBI:8347
380:85H0HZU99M
355:ChemSpider
299:25655-41-8
290:CAS Number
273:IUPAC name
4403:Lidocaine
4398:Dyclonine
4148:Nifuratel
4087:Natamycin
4056:Triazoles
3991:Econazole
3869:Quinoline
3859:Acetarsol
3852:compounds
3639:estradiol
3635:Estrogens
3630:Dupilumab
3570:Androgens
3532:Flutamide
3459:Minoxidil
3435:Flutamide
3347:Oxaceprol
3114:cetrimide
3086:Flutamide
3000:dressings
2981:Triclosan
2909:dressings
2846:Phase III
2834:Withdrawn
2729:compounds
2702:Merbromin
2678:Mercurial
2658:Cetrimide
2587:Quinoline
2529:Fenticlor
2509:Triclosan
2433:Euflavine
2196:0014-3057
2095:318418088
1983:225472250
1635:210193248
1576:1660-5527
1537:210950872
1521:1432-2323
1337:899175361
1293:drugs.com
1105:complexed
1061:hydrogels
988:triiodide
962:Structure
755:vaginitis
696:abrasions
585:used for
121:Routes of
77:Drugs.com
4446:Medicine
4365:Neomycin
4271:chloride
4243:Ambazone
4082:Nystatin
4074:Polyenes
3600:Collagen
3590:Caffeine
3291:Mequinol
3210:Coal tar
3006:bandages
2998:paraffin
2961:Iodoform
2907:Ointment
2790:Halazone
2746:Alcohols
2680:products
2647:chloride
2560:products
2447:amidines
2414:Acridine
2339:22219431
2304:70528331
2275:71797553
2235:17663555
2045:33362938
1987:Archived
1903:Archived
1867:22561614
1764:19153076
1678:46968733
1670:29880433
1627:31928890
1584:29262416
1529:31996985
1482:32773627
1430:Archived
1396:(2021).
1380:Archived
1376:62301847
1341:Archived
1275:Archived
1160:Iodophor
1149:See also
1126:Research
1116:in vitro
1109:iodophor
1050:protozoa
1042:bacteria
1023:glycerol
980:povidone
955:Guaiacum
812:solution
808:buffered
759:candidal
700:blisters
660:Betadine
633:povidone
614:pregnant
581:, is an
561:(verify)
546:variable
335:DrugBank
214:QG51AD01
133:ATC code
105:DailyMed
39:using a
37:abrasion
4393:Cocaine
4267:bromide
4138:Inosine
3850:Arsenic
3717:(e.g.,
3637:(e.g.,
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