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445:
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Prâna, quickenest them (11.4–16). 'When Prâna has watered the great earth with rain, then the plants spring forth, and also every sort of herb.' (11.4–17) 'O Prâna, be not turned away from me, thou shall not be other than myself! As the embryo of the waters (fire), thee, O Prâna, do bind to me, that I may live.' (11.4)
369:
describes prāṇa: 'When they had been watered by Prana, the plants spake in concert: 'thou hast, forsooth, prolonged our life, thou hast made us all fragrant.' (11.4–6) 'The holy (âtharvana) plants, the magic (ângirasa) plants, the divine plants, and those produced by men, spring forth, when thou, O
460:. Prāṇa is considered the basic vāyu from which the other vāyus arise, as well as one of the five major vāyus. Prāṇa is thus the generic name for all the breaths, including the five major vāyus of prāṇa, apāna, uḍāna, samāna, and vyāna. The
190:; the breath of life, vital air, principle of life (usually plural in this sense, there being five such vital airs generally assumed, but three, six, seven, nine, and even ten are also spoken of); energy or vigour; the spirit or soul.
427:
of self-control as the sacrifice of the actions of the senses and of prāṇa in the fire kindled by knowledge. More generally, the conquest of the senses, the mind, and prāṇa is seen as an essential step on the yogin's path to
529:
Movement is upward, it is related to the respiratory functions, speech and functioning of the brain. Balanced udāna leads to a healthy respiratory system, clarity of speech, healthy mind, good memory, creativity, etc.
675:
stated that the physical goals of pranayama may be to recover from illness or the maintenance of health, while its mental goals are: "to remove mental disturbances and make the mind focused for meditation".
517:
Movement is outward and downward, it is related to processes of elimination, reproduction and skeletal health (absorption of nutrients). Balanced apāna leads to a healthy digestive and reproductive system.
627:
When the mind is agitated due to our interactions with the world at large, the physical body also follows in its wake. These agitations cause violent fluctuations in the flow of prana in the nadis.
552:
Movement is outward, like the circulatory process. It is related to circulatory system, nervous system and cardiac system. Balanced vyāna leads to a healthy heart, circulation and balanced nerves.
645:
and is a practice of specific and often intricate breath control techniques. The dynamics and laws of Prana were understood through systematic practice of
Pranayama to gain mastery over Prana.
305:
Early mention of specific prāṇas often emphasized prāṇa, apāna and vyāna as "the three breaths". This can be seen in the proto-yogic traditions of the
Vratyas among others. Texts like the
687:
writes, "The real meaning of
Pranayama, according to Patanjali, the founder of Yoga philosophy, is the gradual cessation of breathing, the discontinuance of inhalation and exhalation".
147:
is divided into ten main functions: The five Pranas – Prana, Apana, Udana, Vyana and Samana – and the five Upa-Pranas – Naga, Kurma, Devadatta, Krikala and
Dhananjaya.
436:
12.5–7 directs the seeker "who has conquered posture, the mind, prāṇa, the senses, sleep, anger, fear, and anxiety" to practise yoga in a beautiful, undisturbed cave.
2057:
541:
Movement is spiral, concentrated around the navel, like a churning motion, it is related to digestion on all levels. Balanced samāna leads to a healthy metabolism.
79:", or "vital principle") permeates reality on all levels including inanimate objects. In Hindu literature, prāṇa is sometimes described as originating from the
608:(140–146) explains the most common model, namely that the three most important nadis are the Ida on the left, the Pingala on the right, and the
248:
meant inbreathing. However, they agree that in later times, these two terms came to refer to air located in different parts of the body, with
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Of these meanings, the concept of "vital air" is used by
Bhattacharyya to describe the concept as used in Sanskrit texts dealing with
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Prāṇāyāma is a common term for various techniques for accumulating, expanding and working with prana. Pranayama is one of the
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Movement is inward and upward, it is the vital life force. Balanced prāṇa leads to a balanced and calm mind and emotions.
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282:, the Upanishads, Ayurvedic and Yogic sources includes five classifications, often subdivided. This list includes
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describes five minor winds, naming three of these as nāga, dhanamjaya, and kurma; the other two are named in the
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The
Upanishads, particularly the Yoga Upanishads, discuss various breaths with specific names and functions.
276:. While not all early sources agree on the names or number of these divisions, the most common list from the
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and therapeutic yoga, pranayama is utilized for many tasks, including to affect mood and aid in digestion.
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controlling lower functions, based on the concept of distinct airs or gases governing bodily functions.
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For the vital airs as generally assumed to be five, with other numbers given, see: Macdonell, p. 185.
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652:, allowing for greater movement of prana. Other techniques may be utilized to arrest the breath for
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683:, the ultimate aim of pranayama is the suspension of breathing, "causing the mind to swoon".
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is understood to be its most subtle material form, but is also believed to be present in the
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or to bring awareness to specific areas in the practitioner's subtle or physical body. In
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598:(2.I.19) mentions 72,000 nadis in the human body, running out from the heart, whereas the
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or channels, the Ida (B), Sushumna (C), and
Pingala (D), which run vertically in the body.
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1259:
Yoga
Therapy: A Guide to the Therapeutic Use of Yoga and Ayurveda for Health and Fitness
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Prana - A Overview as per vedic scriptures along with a hymn to Prana from
Atharva Veda
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751:
332:
272:. Prāṇa is typically divided into constituent parts, particularly when concerned with
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means "wind" or "air" in
Sanskrit, and the term is used in a variety of contexts in
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utilized the five prāṇas as an internalization of the five sacrificial fires of a
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is consistently regarded as the primary breath, akin to breath in English, while
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Rowold, Jens (August 2016). "Validity of the Biofield Assessment Form (BAF)".
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1989:
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1145:"The concept of Jnana, Vijnana and Prajnana according to Vedanta philosophy"
820:
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meant outbreathing. Others, like Deussen, claim the opposite, stating that
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The ancient concept of prāṇa is described in many Hindu texts, including
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46:
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International Journal of Yoga: Philosophy, Psychology and Parapsychology
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348:. The concept is elaborated upon in great detail in the literature of
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1967:
1962:
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The Yoga Tradition: Its History, Literature, Philosophy and Practice
875:(4th ed.), Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers, p. 679,
699:("breath", "vital force", "animating principle"), Islamic and Sufic
1574:
Prana – Amazing Secret To Health and Wellbeing as per Yogic Science
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324:
One of the earliest references to prāṇa is from the 3,000-year-old
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114:, misplaced vowels or missing conjuncts instead of Indic text.
1957:
1609:
1013:
The Shiva Samhita: A Critical Edition and an English Translation
926:
Indian philosophy: an introduction to Hindu and Buddhist thought
695:
Similar concepts exist in various cultures, including the Latin
424:
42:
1582:
197:, the manipulation of the breath. Thomas McEvilley translates
1328:(1st ed.). Alight Publications. p. part10 (online).
700:
80:
1262:(1st ed.). Boston: Shambhala Publications. p. 135.
1202:
The All-Pervading Melodious Drumbeat: The Life of Ra Lotsawa
708:
660:, it is utilized to generate inner heat in the practice of
330:, but many other Upanishads use the concept, including the
727:. Prāṇa is also described as subtle energy or life force.
604:(6.16) says that 101 channels radiate from the heart. The
803:
Sacred journey: living purposefully and dying gracefully
432:, or indeed as the goal of yoga. Thus, for example, the
1578:
1188:. Bangalore, India: Swami Vivekananda Yoga Prakashana.
648:
Many pranayama techniques are designed to cleanse the
157:, is intended to expand conscious awareness of prana.
1016:(1st ed.). Woodstock, New York: YogaVidya.com.
915:. "The Spinal Serpent", in: Harper and Brown, p. 94.
452:
One way of categorizing prāṇa is by means of vāyus.
141:
as the basic vāyu from which the other vāyus arise.
119:
Five types of prāṇa, collectively known as the five
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549:Originating from the heart, distributed throughout
401:also support this division of breaths, associating
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27:Sanskrit meaning "life force" or "vital principle"
220:Scholars are divided on the original meanings of
994:
982:
448:The 5 Vayus - Prana, Apana, Udana, Samana, Vyana
2058:Hatha Yoga: The Report of a Personal Experience
1288:Hatha Yoga: The Report of A Personal Experience
381:is associated with carrying off excrement. The
577:of Indian philosophy, showing the three major
181:
58:
1594:
1205:. Penguin. pp. 242 see entry for Tummo.
805:. India: Himalayan Institute Hospital Trust.
168:provides fourteen different meanings for the
8:
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2126:
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928:. Edinburgh University Press, 1999, p. 70.
1406:
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592:(channels), though the details vary. The
125:("winds"), are described in Hindu texts.
1466:Journal of the American Oriental Society
1432:European Journal of Integrative Medicine
478:
772:
1381:"Biophotons as subtle energy carriers"
940:
298:(energy of the head and throat), and
7:
620:, enabling prana to flow throughout
252:associated with the upper parts and
1232:. Penguin Books. pp. 126–127.
391:governing upper body functions and
25:
1078:, pp. 128, 173–174, 191–192.
873:The Practical Sanskrit Dictionary
839:"Prana: the Universal Life Force"
476:(37.36) as devadatta and krtaka.
1229:Mahayana tantra: an introduction
92:
1506:. Princeton University Press.
1460:Brown, George William (1919).
1186:Pranayama, The art and science
1131:Mallinson & Singleton 2017
1112:Mallinson & Singleton 2017
1100:Mallinson & Singleton 2017
1088:Mallinson & Singleton 2017
1076:Mallinson & Singleton 2017
1064:Mallinson & Singleton 2017
1049:Mallinson & Singleton 2017
1037:Mallinson & Singleton 2017
995:Eliade, Trask & White 2009
983:Eliade, Trask & White 2009
302:(digestion and assimilation).
30:For the clothing company, see
1:
1503:Yoga: Immortality and Freedom
1385:International Journal of Yoga
612:in the centre connecting the
2523:Hindu philosophical concepts
871:Apte, Vaman Shivram (1965),
482:Nisvasattvasamhita Nayasutra
462:Nisvasattvasamhita Nayasutra
1444:10.1016/j.eujim.2016.02.007
588:describes prana flowing in
409:with the abdominal region.
209:, and most concentrated in
175:
67:
2544:
835:Swami Satyananda Saraswati
634:
562:
473:Sivapurana Vayaviyasamhita
405:with the nasal region and
29:
2449:International Day of Yoga
1325:The Essence of Kriya Yoga
737:Chaitanya (consciousness)
573:A simplified view of the
423:verse 4.27 describes the
294:(circulation of energy),
290:(outward moving energy),
236:meant inbreathing, while
182:
59:
2469:Yoga scholars (template)
1734:Yoga Sutras of Patanjali
1184:Nagendra, H. R. (1998).
1162:10.4103/2347-5633.161024
959:The Science of Pranayama
480:Vāyus, according to the
286:(inward moving energy),
232:, argue that originally
201:as "spirit-energy". The
2107:Yogasopana Purvacatuska
1398:10.4103/ijoy.IJOY_18_17
1379:Srinivasan, TM (2017).
1290:. Harmony. p. 57.
1256:; Mohan, Indra (2004).
1199:Ra Yeshe Senge (2015).
1143:Sridhar, M. K. (2015).
595:Brhadaranyaka Upanishad
434:Malinivijayottaratantra
244:meant outbreathing and
112:question marks or boxes
1320:Yogananda, Paramahansa
903:Bhattacharyya, p. 311.
845:. Bihar School of Yoga
582:
449:
256:with the lower parts.
186:) including breath or
100:This article contains
1496:; Trask, Willard R.;
747:Scientific skepticism
572:
563:Further information:
447:
2513:Energy (esotericism)
2454:List of yoga schools
2220:Kriyayoga (Buddhist)
2051:Hatha Yoga Pradipika
1226:Dharmakirti (2002).
954:Sivananda, Sri Swami
801:Rama, Swami (2002).
320:Vedas and Upanishads
34:. For the band, see
2255:Six Yogas of Naropa
2037:Hathabhyasapaddhati
1498:White, David Gordon
1133:, pp. 172–173.
1090:, pp. 191–192.
997:, pp. 111–112.
643:eight limbs of yoga
503:Head, lungs, heart
485:
484:(6th–10th century)
327:Chandogya Upanishad
155:eight limbs of yoga
83:and connecting the
51:Indian martial arts
2144:Samadhi (Buddhism)
2016:Amaraugha Prabodha
1350:Feuerstein, George
837:(September 1981).
583:
526:Diaphragm, throat
479:
450:
398:Aitareya Upanishad
75:word for breath, "
2500:
2499:
2496:
2495:
2459:Modern yoga gurus
2337:
2336:
2116:
2115:
2093:Vasishtha Samhita
1541:978-0-241-25304-5
1534:. Penguin Books.
1462:"Prāṇa and Apāna"
1297:978-0-9552412-2-2
1212:978-0-698-19216-4
962:. BN Publishing.
913:McEvilley, Thomas
723:, and the Hebrew
715:, the Amerindian
711:, the Polynesian
586:Indian philosophy
556:
555:
384:Prashna Upanishad
345:Prasna Upanishads
108:rendering support
16:(Redirected from
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2100:Vimanarcanakalpa
2065:Gheranda Samhita
1978:Shaiva Siddhanta
1748:Yoga Yajnavalkya
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1589:
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1569:Prana – overview
1553:
1522:Mallinson, James
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783:. Dictionary.com
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691:Similar concepts
658:Tibetan Buddhism
606:Vinashikhatantra
486:
458:Hindu philosophy
387:first described
260:Early references
185:
184:
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135:Tibetan medicine
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2370:Standing asanas
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601:Katha Upanishad
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495:Responsibility
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307:Vaikānasasmārta
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106:Without proper
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1558:External links
1556:
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1513:978-0691142036
1512:
1494:Eliade, Mircea
1490:
1478:10.2307/592721
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1438:(4): 446–452.
1422:
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1365:978-1935387589
1364:
1358:. Hohm Press.
1341:
1335:978-1931833189
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1275:
1269:978-1590301319
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1727:Bhagavad Gita
1724:
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1705:and sometimes
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1531:Roots of Yoga
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32:Prana (brand)
19:
2485:Yoga Journal
2483:
2476:
2442:Mindful Yoga
2437:Yoga hybrids
2418:
2365:Downward dog
2230:Anuttarayoga
2158:
2105:
2098:
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2023:Amritasiddhi
2021:
2014:
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1662:
1631:Five sheaths
1626:Three bodies
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1391:(2): 57–58.
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1254:Mohan, A. G.
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978:
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847:. Retrieved
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829:
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796:
785:. Retrieved
775:
703:, the Greek
696:
694:
678:
666:
647:
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626:
618:crown chakra
605:
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584:
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467:Skandapurana
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99:
54:
40:
36:Prana (band)
2352:As exercise
2250:Yantra yoga
2245:Devata yoga
2154:Anapanasati
1997:Sexual Yoga
1918:Kapalabhati
1888:Sama vritti
1839:Surat Shabd
1765:Eight limbs
1695:Bhakti yoga
1682:Three Yogas
1618:Subtle body
1472:: 104–112.
673:A. G. Mohan
614:base chakra
575:subtle body
565:Nadi (yoga)
366:Atharvaveda
279:Mahabharata
188:respiration
2507:Categories
2464:Yoga Nidra
2270:Karmamudra
2235:Sahajayana
2007:Hatha yoga
1973:Mahasiddha
1893:Shatkarmas
1844:Aghor Yoga
1797:Pratyahara
1718:Philosophy
1700:Jnana yoga
1690:Karma yoga
941:Brown 1919
787:2015-04-22
768:References
762:Yoga Sutra
350:haṭha yoga
316:ceremony.
266:Upanishads
139:prāṇa vāyu
102:Indic text
77:life force
2473:Journals
2307:Mahamudra
2225:Caryayoga
2209:Vajrayana
2182:Yogachara
2149:Vipassana
2131:Theravada
1990:Kundalini
1985:Laya Yoga
1923:Bhastrika
1861:Mahamudra
1792:Pranayama
1708:Rāja yoga
1550:928480104
1486:0003-0279
1352:(2013) .
1306:230987898
1171:147000303
637:Pranayama
631:Pranayama
492:Location
311:panchāgni
230:Böhtlingk
195:pranayama
166:V.S. Apte
161:Etymology
151:Pranayama
2518:Vitalism
2292:Mahayoga
2171:Mahayana
2122:Buddhism
1883:Kumbhaka
1758:Concepts
1673:Hinduism
1651:Sushumna
1528:(2017).
1500:(2009).
1417:28546674
1322:(2005).
1286:(2007).
1155:(1): 5.
1010:(2007).
956:(2008).
821:61240413
731:See also
669:Ayurveda
610:Sushumna
358:Ayurveda
170:Sanskrit
127:Ayurveda
85:elements
73:Sanskrit
47:Ayurveda
2430:Related
2392:Vinyāsa
2382:Drishti
2327:Shingon
2302:Atiyoga
2297:Anuyoga
2139:Samatha
1940:Sādhanā
1928:Trataka
1829:Pranava
1812:Samadhi
1802:Dhāraṇā
1656:Pingala
1454:Sources
1408:5433113
849:31 July
781:"Prana"
757:Vijñāna
654:samadhi
616:to the
535:Samāna
430:samadhi
339:Mundaka
2343:Modern
2323:Japan
2317:Tangmi
2313:China
2241:Tibet
2216:India
2192:Tendai
2188:Japan
2178:India
1968:Siddhi
1963:Yogini
1950:Tantra
1903:Dhauti
1856:Bandha
1851:Mudras
1824:Mantra
1807:Dhyana
1775:Niyama
1636:Chakra
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1020:
966:
879:
819:
809:
742:Chakra
717:orenda
705:pneuma
546:Vyāna
538:Navel
523:Udāna
511:Apāna
500:Prāṇa
356:, and
354:tantra
300:samāna
203:breath
131:tantra
71:; the
49:, and
18:Pranas
2414:Props
2360:Asana
2285:Phowa
2280:Bardo
2275:Milam
2260:Tummo
2197:Zazen
1935:Tapas
1913:Basti
1908:Nauli
1878:Nyasa
1819:Kriyā
1780:Asana
1663:Prana
1167:S2CID
697:anima
662:tummo
650:nadis
590:nadis
579:nadis
559:Nadis
489:Vāyu
440:Vāyus
407:apana
403:prana
393:apana
389:prana
379:apana
375:Prana
333:Katha
296:udāna
292:vyāna
288:apāna
284:prāṇa
270:Vedas
254:apana
250:prana
246:apana
242:prana
238:apana
234:prana
226:apana
222:prana
211:semen
207:blood
199:prāṇa
183:प्राण
176:prāṇa
172:word
145:Prana
122:vāyus
68:prāṇa
61:प्राण
55:prana
2265:Ösel
1958:Yogi
1898:Neti
1871:List
1834:Nada
1770:Yama
1641:Nadi
1610:Yoga
1546:OCLC
1536:ISBN
1508:ISBN
1482:ISSN
1413:PMID
1360:ISBN
1330:ISBN
1302:OCLC
1292:ISBN
1264:ISBN
1234:ISBN
1207:ISBN
1018:ISBN
964:ISBN
877:ISBN
851:2015
817:OCLC
807:ISBN
725:ruah
713:mana
454:Vāyu
425:yoga
417:The
363:The
342:and
314:homa
268:and
224:and
213:and
133:and
43:yoga
1646:Ida
1474:doi
1440:doi
1403:PMC
1393:doi
1157:doi
701:ruh
667:In
81:Sun
41:In
2509::
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1480:.
1470:39
1468:.
1464:.
1434:.
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1119:^
1056:^
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859:^
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1215:.
1173:.
1159::
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972:.
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853:.
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180:(
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57:(
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20:)
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