37:
3422:
735:
691:
758:
712:
1105:
defenders together did not win at least 4 tricks, it applies to the inviting defender. Moreover, for each trick won by a defender, declarer pays 2 base values to that defender or to the inviting player. The payments for tricks are independent of whether declarer or defenders won their required numbers of tricks.
512:) of the current hand. The latter is indicated by dropping one’s cards or saying "pass". A player who plays on with the declarer must take at least 2 tricks to share the winnings. If all pass first time around, forehand has a second opportunity to play and pick up the talon. Otherwise forehand says "pass again" (
1259:
situation, in which both defenders collectively profit most from cooperating, but a selfish defender might profit even more from strategically breaking this cooperation to win a trick that might have been more advantageously taken by the other defender. The resulting danger of discord is addressed by
790:
The cards are dealt as in the original rules using the scheme 3–talon–4–3. Players bid for the privilege of becoming the soloist and declaring the trump suit and mode of play. Each bid has a corresponding hand version (i.e. without taking up the talon) that ranks higher than all non-hand bids. A hand
621:
In another early version of the scoring, before every deal, the dealer paid 10 units into the pot. All payments were multiplied by one tenth of the value of the pot at the start of the hand. This could make the game very expensive, especially when played with an unlimited pot as in unlimited gambling
1274:
These rules may have the status of noncommittal advice, or they can be regarded as strong ethical obligations with an understanding that infractions that harm the other defender usually lead to voluntary compensation by side payments. The first rule is sometimes even described as an inherent part of
1298:
are dealt following the scheme 3–talon–4–3, so that each player receives a hand of 10 cards and there remains a widow (or talon) of 2 cards. Starting with eldest hand, each player may bid a desired trump suit or pass. Subsequent players may only bid higher suits. For this purpose suits rank hearts,
1104:
In suit contracts there are additional payments. Defenders pay 10 times the base value into the pot if they do not win the required number of tricks. If neither defender invited the other, this applies to any defender who did not win at least 2 tricks, and if one defender invited the other and both
822:
After the hand has been played, declarer receives 10 units from the pot or pays 20 units into the pot, depending on whether declarer won 6 tricks or not. A defender who did not win two tricks pays 10 units into the pot. In any case, each defender who won at least two tricks receives 1 unit directly
1316:
With two minor and possibly inadvertent changes that remove the game further from the
European games (declarer must discard before taking up the widow, and in the second round of bidding players bid by paying immediately into the pot), these rules are still published on the USPCC website. Although
802:
Except in a hand contract, the declarer takes the talon and discards two cards face down. Declarer then announces trump, whose value must be at least that of the bid. As before, declarer must win 6 tricks, and each defender 2. Before the hand is played, the soloist or any defender may drop out. If
1224:, a variant similar to West Balkans Préférence has been described. In the variant, declarer must win an additional trick if spades are trump, and another additional trick in case of a hand bid. Otherwise the main difference is a simplified scoring scheme and the fact that players cannot drop out.
1096:
Card-play is as in
Austrian Préférence. The soloist leads to the first trick. Players must follow suit if possible, otherwise trump if possible. A trick is won by the player of the highest trump, or by the player who played the highest card of the suit led. The winner of a trick leads to the next
1087:
In ordinary suit contracts, declarer undertakes to win 6 tricks or more, and each defender must win 2 tricks or more. Before the hand is played, the soloist or any defender may drop out. If one defender drops out, only that defender and the soloist play, so each trick consists of two cards only.
917:
Scoring for the additional non-suit contracts is fundamentally different from that for suit contracts, as the pot is not touched. The value of a contract is 10 units for misère, 20 units for slam, 30 units for open misère and 40 units for open slam. In contrast to ordinary suit contracts, these
953:
In addition to the other rules, a declarer who has no aces among his or her 12 cards (including the discard) may announce this fact before leading to the first trick. In this case, declarer receives or pays 10 more units from/to each defender, depending on whether declarer makes the
1234:
If declarer makes the contract, declarer receives the base value (numerical value of the bid) from each defender; otherwise declarer pays the same amount to each defender. For suite contracts, declarer also receives or pays 1 unit for each overtrick or undertrick.
1100:
The base value of a contract is its numerical bidding value, or for hand contracts the numerical bidding value plus 1. Declarer receives 20 times the base value from the pot for making the contract or pays the same amount into the pot for not making it.
905:
In
Illustrated Préférence, also an Austrian game, there are four additional no trumps contracts which again exist in an ordinary version and a hand version each. As a special exception, the non-hand versions of open bids rank higher than non-open hand bids.
1302:
If all players pass, there is a second round of bidding in which each player offers a certain amount to pay into the pot for the privilege of becoming the declarer and being allowed to take up the widow and discard 2 cards before announcing the trump suit.
1195:
In the bidding of non-hand contracts, each player in turn must either bid precisely one more than the previous player, bid hand, or pass. A player who has passed may not bid again later. A player who has once made a numerical bid may not make a hand bid
1079:
The cards are dealt following the scheme 5–talon–5. Numerical bids are as shown in the table. There is one corresponding hand contract for each normal contract. If several players bid hand, the highest contract takes precedence as for the non-hand bids.
1582:
In spite of its French name
Preference is not a French game, and it has been constantly ignored in Western Europe (including Germany and of course Alsace and the Rhineland) and still is. It has always been strictly limited to the eastern part of Europe
1083:
In hand contracts, the talon is laid aside. Otherwise declarer exposes it to the defenders, then takes up the two cards and discards any 2 cards to get down to a hand of 10 cards. Declarer announces any contract whose value is at least that of the bid.
1254:
In most solo games the defenders have the common goal of preventing the soloist from making it, and the competition between the defenders is momentarily suspended. In Préférence suit contracts, however, the individual targets for defender cause a
1260:
formalising a number of rules of thumb for cooperative play. These should normally be followed by all defenders – they invited their partner, in which case they are free to try more sophisticated approaches that may break these rules.
943:
them. In this case both play, but the invited player has no obligations and no direct interest in the game. All tricks won by either defender player count for the inviting player, who must win at least 4 tricks or pay 1 unit into the
913:
If declarer wins a trick in a misère contract, or loses a trick in a slam contract, card-play is stopped immediately. In the open contracts, declarer plays with open cards and defenders may discuss how to proceed.
909:
In these contracts there are no specific targets for the defenders other than preventing declarer from making it, and no payments for tricks won by defenders. Defenders may not drop out of card-play individually.
284:
of card games whose distinctive feature is that players may choose to opt out of a particular deal if they believe their cards are not sufficiently good to win a trick or the minimum specified number of tricks.
803:
one defender drops out, only one defender and the soloist play, so each trick consists of two cards. If both defenders drop out, or the soloist drops out, there is no play and the game is scored immediately.
823:
from the dealer. A special case is when declarer gave up before the hand was played. In that case declarer pays 3 units to each defender, or 5 units to the remaining defender if the other also dropped out.
1092:
the other. In this case the other must play normally, but does not take part in scoring. If both defenders drop out, or if the soloist drops out, there is no card-play and the game is scored immediately.
918:
values are doubled if the hand version is played. The resulting value is paid by the declarer to each defender, or by each defender to the declarer, depending on whether declarer made it or not.
1188:. In this case the other defendant is considered invited (whether he or she dropped out or not), and the defenders must win at least 5 tricks together. A confident declarer may respond with
288:
Préférence is named after the ranking of preferred suits for bidding purposes, an innovative feature at the time of its introduction. Once a mode of play has been declared, any player may
608:
Example: Anne announces a Préférence and takes 5 tricks, Berti 4 and Carl 1. Anne and Carl pay 40 kr to the pot and Anne pays Berti 16 kr for his 4 tricks and Carl 4 for his single trick.
582:
If the declarer took at least 6 tricks, he won 10, 20, 30 or 40 kr from the pot depending on the suit played. From these winnings, the declarer paid each successful defender their share.
497:. The winning bidder becomes the declarer and may pick up the talon and lay aside any two cards. Alternatively the declarer may opt to play from the hand without the aid of the talon.
1299:
diamonds, clubs, spades in descending order. The player who names the highest suit becomes declarer and must win 6 of the 10 tricks as a soloist against the two defenders.
173:, becoming the second most popular game in Vienna by 1980. It also took off in Russia where it was played by the higher echelons of society, the regional variant known as
2127:
193:
In spite of the game's French name and a number of French terms, it has always been mostly unknown in France. A game of this name was already mentioned as popular in
1313:
Before the game, players must all deposit a certain amount in the pot and agree on the reward paid from the pot for each trick. This may depend on the trump suit.
1181:
marking. The next time a player with a refa marking declares a contract, the base value is doubled. The number of such refa markings per game session is limited.
1238:
After the contract is declared and before declarer leads to the first trick, each defender who speculates that declarer will not make the contract may announce
933:
According to some rules, players must always play a card that heads the trick, provided this can done while following suit or trumping, as otherwise required.
819:
Each player antes a certain amount to the pot before the first deal, and this is repeated whenever the pot is empty later on and players wish to continue.
1270:
A defender who leads to a trick in which the declarer comes second should lead a very high card (king or ace) or the lowest card in the respective suit.
584:
Example, Anton announces
Diamonds. He takes 6 tricks, Brigitte 2 and Charlotte 2. Anton draws 30 kr from the pot and pays Brigitte and Charlotte 6 each.
947:
In addition to the other rules, for a preference game, declarer receives 10 units from each defender if won or pays 10 units to each defender if lost.
600:
Example: Anton names
Diamonds as trumps and takes 5 tricks, Brigitte 3 and Charlotte 2. Anton pays 30 kr to the pot, 9 to Brigitte and 6 to Charlotte.
950:
In addition to the other rules, a declarer who played with four aces wins 10 units from each defender if successful, but does not have to pay if not.
1184:
After the contract is declared and before declarer leads to the first trick, a defender who speculates that declarer will not make it can announce
592:
Example: Diamonds being trumps, if Anne had taken 7 tricks, Berti 2 and Carl 1, Carl would pay from his own pocket 21 kr to Anne and 6 to Berti.
1325:
In addition to
Illustrated Preference and the Eastern European variants covered above, Austrian synonyms or variants listed by Geiser include:
1310:. Aces rank high and tens in their natural position between jacks and nines. Players must follow suit if possible, or else may play any card.
493:) and play in the higher-ranking suit. If the first player to bid wants to play in Hearts, they simply announce "Préférence", which cannot be
2120:
1829:
1704:
1632:
1535:
618:
The rules allow a player to play ‘from the hand’ (i.e. without the talon) but do not say how this affects the bid ranking or the game value.
544:. The highest trump wins the trick or the highest card of the led suit if no trumps were played. The trick winner leads to the next trick.
3449:
3440:
2389:
921:
In another form of
Illustrated Préférence, the open contracts do not exist and to win a slam it is sufficient to win 6 consecutive tricks.
598:
A declarer who failed to take 6 tricks paid to the pot what would have been won in a successful game and paid the others for their tricks.
481:). If forehand passes, the next player has the same options. Once a player bids, a later player who also wants to bid, asks "Which suit?" (
407:: first 3, then 4, then 3 more. After the first packet of 3 cards has been dealt, the dealer deals 2 cards to the table, face down, as the
1844:
1799:
1550:
1288:
795:; any other hand bid is bid as "hand", with further clarification as necessary. As before, if two players want to play the same suit,
2073:
3483:
3473:
3425:
2113:
1682:
Dummett made a confusion between two game books. Finally it is in the 1829 edition that the first rules of
Preference are printed
292:
and only the remaining players play, if two parties are still represented. This feature is reminiscent of gambling games such as
246:
3431:
201:
and notes that it may even have been known in Russia before 1800. Nevertheless, the earliest known description is in an 1829
1864:
The Danube
Swabians play with German-suited cards, but the description uses the equivalent French suits for easy comparison.
552:
The game described was played for money, players agreeing the amounts beforehand. In the example given, three players each
590:
A defender who failed to take 2 tricks paid the others directly for the tricks they took and the pot remained untouched.
3478:
3302:
3298:
2042:
1726:
260:, although as a three-player game with 10-card hands and a 2-card talon it also has superficial similarities with other
1317:
this is not stated in any of the rules, players must also agree on a penalty in case declarer wins less than 6 tricks.
3022:
2941:
2679:
2552:
2149:
606:
If a declarer and a defender failed, each placed a bête in the pot and the declarer paid the others for their tricks.
577:
If the dealer was forced to pick up the talon after everyone had passed, the dealer paid a bête of 10 kr to the pot.
3381:
2140:
230:
572:
If, after the auction, both defenders dropped out, the declarer won 10, 20, 30 or 40 kr depending on the suit bid.
3488:
2609:
3493:
2921:
930:
In un-illustrated Préférence, all payments may be multiplied with the numerical bidding value of the contract.
2521:
2461:
2234:
557:
277:
936:
According to some rules (especially in German anthologies), a player who cannot follow suit need not trump.
3185:
2871:
470:
428:
400:
3321:
3247:
3190:
2197:
1267:
A defender who leads to a trick in which the declarer comes last should play the highest card of a suit.
376:
280:, which appears to be the source of the French terminology. McLeod and Geiser group Préférence with the
1256:
36:
1984:
2846:
2821:
2384:
2296:
356:
102:
98:
2394:
2379:
796:
516:), whereupon the dealer must pick up the talon and either play or pass and pay a penalty called a
3268:
3205:
3154:
3119:
3065:
2781:
2483:
2326:
2249:
1639:
It has a distinctly Germanic feel about it, and Dummett traces its earliest known description to
1221:
368:
257:
2098:
1848:
1264:
A defender should never unnecessarily win a trick that is already headed by the other defender.
221:. As of 1846, a German encyclopedia listed the games played by the Christian population of the
3273:
3220:
3149:
2826:
2619:
2564:
2499:
2478:
2415:
2404:
2269:
2223:
2207:
2136:
2069:
1825:
1700:
1628:
1624:
1617:
1596:
1531:
1073:
3160:
3109:
3012:
2886:
2861:
2649:
2604:
2594:
2579:
2531:
2420:
2341:
2280:
2191:
2185:
767:
505:
494:
289:
265:
158:
3092:
3070:
3042:
2978:
2957:
2691:
2488:
2436:
2357:
2346:
2259:
2179:
2174:
1217:
775:
627:
568:(kr) in Clubs, 2 in Spades, 3 in Diamonds and 4 in Préference. Settlement was as follows:
537:
448:
420:
404:
297:
218:
206:
162:
2916:
2876:
1927:
1457:
Presumably he would always name Préference as the suit once the others have dropped out.
517:
500:
Once the declarer has announced trumps, the others in order must decide whether to play (
1892:
1227:
If the two cards of the talon are of the same rank, declarer pays 2 units to dealer for
2901:
2711:
2472:
2446:
2264:
2202:
541:
261:
222:
154:
150:
3467:
3401:
3316:
3283:
3210:
2891:
2806:
2644:
2599:
2351:
779:
533:
460:
456:
452:
444:
436:
408:
17:
1875:
1207:
bid (declarer must win precisely one trick) may be inserted between misère and slam.
3397:
3336:
3036:
2952:
2639:
2526:
2516:
2316:
2311:
2034:
2023:
553:
486:
464:
440:
392:
372:
360:
214:
3165:
2751:
2493:
439:, committing to take at least 6 tricks. Suits rank in ascending order as follows:
363:. In both cases, the role of dealer rotates to the left with each hand. A 32-card
269:
2105:
1910:
1711:
Preference has long been popular in Austria, and can be traced back to about 1820
1246:. Contra and recontra each double the payments between the two players involved.
3407:
3361:
3288:
3170:
3114:
2701:
2634:
2441:
2368:
2363:
2306:
2291:
1675:
1295:
561:
529:
424:
396:
364:
281:
166:
72:
62:
177:
being still very popular in that country, while other variants are played from
3258:
3139:
3080:
2995:
2926:
2786:
2771:
2624:
2614:
2331:
2229:
1287:
starting with the 1909 edition and was also included in the 1922 rules of the
432:
352:
The following is a summary of the earliest known (1829) rules for Préference:
2053:
1877:
Card Games of the Donauschwaben in 18th- and 19th-century Hungary: Preferánsz
3351:
3263:
3231:
3226:
3200:
3175:
3124:
3006:
3000:
2866:
2851:
2796:
2776:
2726:
2706:
2374:
2336:
2218:
329:
325:
210:
178:
174:
130:
2254:
1803:
1601:
Der Freimüthige, oder Berlinische Zeitung für gebildete, unbefangene Leser
734:
485:) and whoever has the lower-ranking suit must pass. An earlier bidder may
3331:
3253:
3075:
3048:
2831:
2816:
2791:
2756:
2731:
2664:
2654:
2629:
2574:
2456:
2425:
2409:
2321:
2212:
1575:
1485:
771:
388:
337:
134:
1283:
This unusual and extremely simplified variant of Préférence appeared in
3393:
3341:
3311:
3242:
3144:
3129:
3060:
3054:
2989:
2931:
2896:
2836:
2811:
2801:
2746:
2741:
2721:
2669:
2659:
2584:
2569:
2541:
2505:
2399:
2301:
2274:
2005:
690:
565:
333:
202:
198:
170:
52:
340:, whose name is phonetically close to the Austro-Bavarian, Polacheln.
3346:
3326:
3215:
3195:
3180:
3134:
3103:
3098:
2983:
2962:
2911:
2906:
2841:
2766:
2761:
2716:
2696:
2510:
2451:
2431:
2285:
2244:
1434:
1275:
the game rules, so that infractions have the same status as revokes.
623:
313:
293:
234:
226:
194:
182:
757:
711:
1072:
The following version of the game is reported from the area of the
431:
who has the privilege of exchanging with the talon, announcing the
320:
being Austro-Bavarian for "Poles" and similar to the Italian word,
3366:
3237:
3086:
2973:
2968:
2881:
2736:
2589:
2536:
2466:
2239:
2169:
2163:
1307:
273:
253:
242:
238:
217:, before it was changed for a new order, with Spades high like in
3389:
3371:
3356:
3278:
1996:. Vol. 160. Verlag der Geschichtsvereins für Kärnten. 1970.
2109:
1915:(26th ed.), Cincinnati: United States Playing Card Company
799:
applies. If the others both pass, the dealer becomes declarer.
528:
Unusually, the declarer leads to the first trick. Players must
336:, however a closer relative appears to be the Bavarian game of
324:. Geiser further states that, in Bavaria, the game is known as
276:
but many similarities with the simpler French four-player game
197:
in 1803, but Depaulis has found references as early as 1801 in
1741:
1554:
1948:
1946:
1944:
1942:
1940:
1475:
Typically, playing from the hand would double the game value.
1177:
If all players pass in the bidding phase, each player gets a
766:
While special 32-card, French-suited Préférence packs of the
1994:
Carinthia I.: Mitteilungen des Geschichtsvereins für Kärnten
564:
from which winnings were drawn. Each trick won was worth 1
1756:
1754:
1752:
638:
The rules for modern Austrian Préférence are as follows:
614:
A player who drops out neither pays nor receives payment.
1852:
1807:
1558:
1203:
bid. Alternatively, sans atout and optionally also an
1112:
962:
830:
645:
2013:
Internationale und österreichische Kartenspiel-Regeln
1989:
Vienna: C. Haas. pp. 141 ff. Earliest recorded rules.
355:
Préference is a three-player game. If four play, the
205:
game anthology, Préférence quickly became popular in
2033:, Perlen-Reihe Vol. 643, Vienna, Munich and Zurich:
3380:
3297:
3021:
2940:
2678:
2551:
2148:
1619:
The Oxford guide to card games: a historical survey
344:is a light-hearted Viennese nickname for the game.
124:
116:
108:
94:
86:
78:
68:
58:
48:
1912:Hoyle Up-To-Date: The Official Rules of Card Games
1616:
939:After one defender has dropped out, the other may
2068:. Perlen-Reihe. Vol. 643. Vienna: Deuticke.
1192:. Contra and recontra each double the base value.
312:, the last two names suggesting a connexion with
209:as well. Via Yeralash, the suit order of Russian
169:, and probably originating in early 19th century
1824:(in German), Humboldt Verlag, pp. 126–131,
1822:Die große Humboldt Enzyklopädie der Kartenspiele
455:. If German-suited cards are used the order is:
1699:(3rd ed.), Penguin Books, pp. 67–76,
1530:(3rd ed.), Penguin Books, pp. 67–70,
1677:Dissent on the Origin of Preferánsz/Preference
1577:Dissent on the Origin of Preferánsz/Preference
811:Rules of play are as in the 1829 rules above.
2121:
1724:Krünitz, Johann Georg, ed. (1846), "Türkei",
770:are available in Austria, in regions such as
536:. Only if unable to follow or trump may they
8:
2022:, Perlen-Reihe Vol. 648, Vienna and Munich:
1964:
1746:at www.pagat.com. Retrieved 27 October 2018.
1521:
1519:
1517:
1114:Bids and contracts (variant)
29:
1952:
1820:Kastner, Hugo; Folkvord, Gerald K. (2005),
1795:
1793:
1597:"Vergnügungen der Wiener nach dem Fasching"
1250:Rules concerning collaboration of defenders
1220:, a German-speaking minority in the former
540:any other card. There is no requirement to
42:Highest ranking Hearts in a Preference pack
2128:
2114:
2106:
2008:. Rule book by the card game manufacturer.
1569:
1567:
1088:Alternatively, the remaining defender may
473:opens the bidding and must either "pass" (
403:to the left. The cards are dealt in three
35:
1849:Croatian / Serbian / Slovenian Preference
399:and then deals clockwise, beginning with
165:, played by three players with a 32-card
1662:(in German), Wien: Edler von Mößle, 1802
1466:The value of the lowest game i.e. Clubs.
1076:. Hungarian Preferánsz is very similar.
328:or Walachen which points to a link with
300:. In Austria, the game is also known as
1501:
1450:
2043:"100 Kartenspiele des Landes Salzburg"
1909:Foster, Robert Frederick, ed. (1922),
1760:
252:Préférence appears to be derived from
249:, Préférence and gambling card games.
28:
1772:
1508:
1242:, to which declarer may respond with
959:Hungarian and West Balkans Préférence
379:, aces high: AKQJ10987 or AKOU10987.
7:
1932:, United States Playing Card Company
1623:, Oxford University Press, pp.
1603:(in German) (58): 229, 12 April 1803
1437:is also known as Little Preference (
1199:The slam bid 7 may be replaced by a
245:) as dice games, chess, backgammon,
2066:Preference: Die schönsten Varianten
2100:The High Art of Preference - Rules
1433:In addition, the gambling game of
1289:United States Playing Card Company
25:
1891:Foster, Robert Frederick (1909),
925:Variations of Austrian Préférence
477:) or bid by saying "I have one" (
3421:
3420:
1484:May be synonymous with Bavarian
756:
733:
710:
689:
272:. It has the basic structure of
1986:Neuestes allgemeines Spielbuch.
1785:Neuestes allgemeines Spielbuch
1697:The Penguin Book of Card Games
1528:The Penguin Book of Card Games
489:a later bid by saying "mine" (
395:, has the player to the right
359:, known as King, sits out the
1:
2020:Die beliebtesten Kartenspiele
1730:, vol. 189, p. 552
634:Austrian Préférence (modern)
3450:Tarot and Tarock card games
3441:Non trick-taking card games
2064:Lüftenegger, Peter (2000).
1804:Preference (Austrian rules)
1306:Card play is exactly as in
3510:
348:Austrian Préférence (1829)
3416:
2041:Geiser, Remigius (2004).
1727:Oekonomische Encyklopädie
1212:Danube Swabian Preferánsz
435:and leading to the first
213:became the suit order of
129:
34:
2522:Twenty-five (Spoil Five)
2085:Sprechen Sie Wienerisch?
791:bid in hearts is bid as
532:if able; otherwise must
3484:Three-player card games
3474:19th-century card games
2137:Trick-taking card games
1894:Foster's Complete Hoyle
1695:Parlett, David (2008),
1615:Parlett, David (1990),
1526:Parlett, David (2008),
1285:Foster's Complete Hoyle
278:Boston de Fontainebleau
2018:Bamberger, Johannes .
2000:Babsch, Fritz (1971).
1743:Card Games: Rams Group
827:Illustrated Préférence
103:German (Salzburg) pack
3432:Historical card games
3029:(except where stated)
2156:(except where stated)
2083:Wehle, Peter (1980).
2011:Babsch, Fritz (1983)
1402:Polackeln / Polacheln
1366:Steirische Preference
1352:Kroatische Preference
1350:Croatian Preference (
782:cards are preferred.
423:in which players may
18:Preference (Austrian)
2052:(13). Archived from
1787:(1829), pp. 141–149.
1418:Turkish Préférence (
1364:Styrian Preference (
1359:Russische Preference
1357:Russian Preference (
774:and its surrounding
3479:Austrian card games
3186:Officers' Schafkopf
1674:Depaulis, Thierry,
1660:Neuestes Spielbuch.
1574:Depaulis, Thierry,
1385:Halbneun or Krebsen
1279:American Preference
1115:
965:
964:Bids and contracts
815:Stakes and winnings
797:positional priority
648:
647:Bids and contracts
145:, frequently spelt
31:
3382:Swiss German packs
3066:Bohemian Schneider
3013:Württemberg Tarock
2059:on 27 August 2018.
2002:Meister Preference
1897:, New York: Stokes
1853:Card Games Website
1808:Card Games Website
1559:Card Games Website
1395:House Préférence (
1371:Trick Preference (
1336:Great Préférence (
1294:All 32 cards of a
1257:prisoner's dilemma
1222:Kingdom of Hungary
1113:
963:
646:
369:German-suited pack
133: •
3461:
3460:
3274:Wendish Schafkopf
3221:Russian Schnapsen
3030:
2946:
2685:
2558:
2157:
1831:978-3-89994-058-9
1763:, pp. 37/38.
1706:978-0-14-103787-5
1634:978-0-19-214165-1
1537:978-0-14-103787-5
1378:Wula Préférence (
1174:
1173:
1074:Former Yugoslavia
1070:
1069:
903:
902:
764:
763:
672:
665:
419:There is then an
140:
139:
16:(Redirected from
3501:
3489:Preference group
3454:
3448:
3445:
3439:
3436:
3430:
3424:
3423:
3110:German Schafkopf
3026:
2944:
2683:
2556:
2395:Norseman's knock
2153:
2130:
2123:
2116:
2107:
2088:
2079:
2060:
2058:
2047:
1997:
1971:
1962:
1956:
1953:Lüftenegger 2000
1950:
1935:
1933:
1924:
1918:
1916:
1906:
1900:
1898:
1888:
1882:
1880:
1871:
1865:
1862:
1856:
1842:
1836:
1834:
1817:
1811:
1797:
1788:
1782:
1776:
1770:
1764:
1758:
1747:
1739:
1733:
1731:
1721:
1715:
1713:
1692:
1686:
1684:
1671:
1665:
1663:
1656:
1650:
1648:
1622:
1612:
1606:
1604:
1593:
1587:
1585:
1571:
1562:
1548:
1542:
1540:
1523:
1512:
1506:
1489:
1482:
1476:
1473:
1467:
1464:
1458:
1455:
1413:Stich-Lizitation
1343:New Préférence (
1338:Große Préférence
1329:Old Préférence (
1116:
1024:
1008:
966:
831:
786:Deal and auction
768:Viennese pattern
760:
753:
737:
730:
714:
693:
670:
663:
649:
262:Central European
159:plain-trick game
155:Eastern European
112:A K O U 10 9 8 7
39:
32:
21:
3509:
3508:
3504:
3503:
3502:
3500:
3499:
3498:
3494:Solo card games
3464:
3463:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3446:
3443:
3437:
3434:
3428:
3412:
3376:
3293:
3093:Dreierschnapsen
3071:Bohemian Watten
3043:Bauernschnapsen
3028:
3025:
3017:
2958:Bavarian Tarock
2936:
2787:Klaberjass/Bela
2682:
2674:
2555:
2547:
2347:Knock-out whist
2155:
2152:
2144:
2134:
2095:
2082:
2076:
2063:
2056:
2045:
2040:
1992:
1980:
1975:
1974:
1963:
1959:
1955:, pp. 5/6.
1951:
1938:
1926:
1925:
1921:
1908:
1907:
1903:
1890:
1889:
1885:
1874:Heli, Richard,
1873:
1872:
1868:
1863:
1859:
1843:
1839:
1832:
1819:
1818:
1814:
1798:
1791:
1783:
1779:
1771:
1767:
1759:
1750:
1740:
1736:
1723:
1722:
1718:
1707:
1694:
1693:
1689:
1673:
1672:
1668:
1658:
1657:
1653:
1635:
1614:
1613:
1609:
1595:
1594:
1590:
1573:
1572:
1565:
1549:
1545:
1538:
1525:
1524:
1515:
1507:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1492:
1483:
1479:
1474:
1470:
1465:
1461:
1456:
1452:
1447:
1439:Kleinpreference
1411:Trick Bidding (
1380:Wula-Préférence
1373:Stichpreference
1345:Neue Préférence
1331:Alte Préférence
1323:
1281:
1252:
1218:Danube Swabians
1214:
1111:
1022:
1006:
961:
927:
829:
817:
809:
788:
751:
728:
669:
662:
644:
636:
550:
526:
514:abermals weiter
417:
385:
371:is used. Cards
350:
219:Contract Bridge
207:Imperial Russia
191:
109:Rank (high→low)
44:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3507:
3505:
3497:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3466:
3465:
3459:
3458:
3456:
3455:
3417:
3414:
3413:
3411:
3410:
3405:
3386:
3384:
3378:
3377:
3375:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3308:
3306:
3295:
3294:
3292:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3229:
3224:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3101:
3096:
3090:
3084:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3052:
3046:
3040:
3033:
3031:
3019:
3018:
3016:
3015:
3010:
3004:
2998:
2993:
2987:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2960:
2955:
2949:
2947:
2938:
2937:
2935:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2902:Tausendundeins
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2827:Officers' Skat
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2712:Bauernheinrich
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2688:
2686:
2676:
2675:
2673:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2561:
2559:
2549:
2548:
2546:
2545:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2508:
2503:
2497:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2470:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2366:
2361:
2355:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2283:
2278:
2272:
2267:
2265:Call-ace whist
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2221:
2216:
2210:
2205:
2203:Auction bridge
2200:
2195:
2189:
2183:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2160:
2158:
2146:
2145:
2135:
2133:
2132:
2125:
2118:
2110:
2104:
2103:
2094:
2093:External links
2091:
2090:
2089:
2087:. Ueberreuter.
2080:
2074:
2061:
2038:
2027:
2016:
2009:
1998:
1990:
1979:
1976:
1973:
1972:
1970:, p. 656.
1957:
1936:
1919:
1901:
1883:
1866:
1857:
1837:
1830:
1812:
1789:
1777:
1775:, p. 232.
1765:
1748:
1734:
1716:
1705:
1687:
1666:
1651:
1633:
1607:
1588:
1563:
1543:
1536:
1513:
1500:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1490:
1477:
1468:
1459:
1449:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1431:
1430:
1423:
1416:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1400:
1393:
1386:
1383:
1376:
1369:
1362:
1355:
1348:
1341:
1334:
1322:
1321:Other variants
1319:
1280:
1277:
1272:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1251:
1248:
1213:
1210:
1209:
1208:
1197:
1193:
1182:
1172:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1158:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1148:
1144:
1143:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1130:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1120:
1110:
1107:
1068:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1054:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1040:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1026:
1025:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1010:
1009:
1004:
1001:
998:
994:
993:
990:
987:
984:
980:
979:
976:
973:
970:
960:
957:
956:
955:
951:
948:
945:
937:
934:
931:
926:
923:
901:
900:
897:
894:
891:
887:
886:
883:
880:
877:
873:
872:
869:
866:
863:
859:
858:
855:
852:
849:
845:
844:
841:
838:
835:
828:
825:
816:
813:
808:
805:
787:
784:
762:
761:
754:
749:
746:
743:
739:
738:
731:
726:
723:
720:
716:
715:
708:
705:
702:
699:
695:
694:
687:
684:
681:
678:
674:
673:
671:(German suits)
666:
664:(French suits)
659:
656:
653:
643:
640:
635:
632:
622:games such as
616:
615:
611:
610:
603:
602:
595:
594:
587:
586:
579:
578:
574:
573:
549:
546:
542:head the trick
525:
522:
483:Wie heißt sie?
427:to become the
416:
413:
384:
381:
349:
346:
332:in modern-day
264:games such as
223:Ottoman Empire
190:
187:
138:
137:
127:
126:
122:
121:
120:Anti-Clockwise
118:
114:
113:
110:
106:
105:
96:
92:
91:
88:
84:
83:
80:
76:
75:
70:
66:
65:
60:
56:
55:
50:
46:
45:
40:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3506:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3471:
3469:
3451:
3442:
3433:
3427:
3419:
3418:
3415:
3409:
3406:
3403:
3402:Hindersi-Jass
3399:
3395:
3391:
3388:
3387:
3385:
3383:
3379:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3300:
3296:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3284:Unteransetzen
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3211:Rosbiratschka
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3161:Lusti-Kartl'n
3159:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3094:
3091:
3088:
3085:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3056:
3053:
3050:
3047:
3044:
3041:
3038:
3035:
3034:
3032:
3024:
3020:
3014:
3011:
3008:
3005:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2991:
2988:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2950:
2948:
2943:
2939:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2892:Slobberhannes
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2807:Letzter Stich
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2689:
2687:
2681:
2677:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2600:Catch the ten
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2562:
2560:
2554:
2550:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2501:
2498:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2474:
2471:
2469:(Danish) (20)
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2359:
2356:
2353:
2352:Konter a Matt
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2193:
2190:
2187:
2184:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2165:
2162:
2161:
2159:
2151:
2147:
2142:
2138:
2131:
2126:
2124:
2119:
2117:
2112:
2111:
2108:
2102:
2101:
2097:
2096:
2092:
2086:
2081:
2077:
2075:3-85223-444-1
2071:
2067:
2062:
2055:
2051:
2044:
2039:
2036:
2032:
2029:Beck, Fritz
2028:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2014:
2010:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1988:
1987:
1982:
1981:
1977:
1969:
1967:
1961:
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1954:
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1941:
1937:
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1428:
1424:
1421:
1417:
1414:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1394:
1391:
1390:Hanti-Spielen
1387:
1384:
1381:
1377:
1374:
1370:
1367:
1363:
1360:
1356:
1353:
1349:
1346:
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1300:
1297:
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1249:
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1245:
1241:
1236:
1232:
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1223:
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1211:
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1198:
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1191:
1187:
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1176:
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1169:
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1155:
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1149:
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1138:
1135:
1132:
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1127:
1124:
1121:
1118:
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1108:
1106:
1102:
1098:
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1091:
1085:
1081:
1077:
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1062:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1041:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1005:
1002:
999:
996:
995:
991:
988:
985:
982:
981:
977:
974:
971:
968:
967:
958:
952:
949:
946:
942:
938:
935:
932:
929:
928:
924:
922:
919:
915:
911:
907:
898:
895:
892:
889:
888:
884:
881:
878:
875:
874:
870:
867:
864:
861:
860:
856:
853:
850:
847:
846:
842:
839:
836:
833:
832:
826:
824:
820:
814:
812:
806:
804:
800:
798:
794:
785:
783:
781:
780:Double German
777:
773:
769:
759:
755:
750:
747:
744:
741:
740:
736:
732:
727:
724:
721:
718:
717:
713:
709:
706:
703:
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697:
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692:
688:
685:
682:
679:
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619:
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581:
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570:
569:
567:
563:
559:
555:
547:
545:
543:
539:
535:
531:
523:
521:
520:(see below).
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
498:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
479:ich habe eine
476:
472:
468:
467:< Hearts.
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
414:
412:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
382:
380:
378:
377:natural order
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
353:
347:
345:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
286:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
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248:
244:
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236:
232:
228:
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208:
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196:
188:
186:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
136:
132:
128:
125:Related games
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
104:
100:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
74:
71:
67:
64:
61:
57:
54:
51:
47:
43:
38:
33:
27:
19:
3453:}}
3447:{{
3444:}}
3438:{{
3435:}}
3429:{{
3398:Schieberjass
3337:Calabresella
3037:Bauernfangen
3023:German packs
2979:Haferltarock
2953:Bauerntarock
2942:German packs
2922:Twenty-eight
2877:Siebenschräm
2856:
2680:French packs
2640:Six-bid solo
2553:French packs
2527:Two-ten-jack
2517:Turkish King
2317:German whist
2312:French whist
2150:French packs
2099:
2084:
2065:
2054:the original
2049:
2035:Perlen-Reihe
2030:
2024:Perlen-Reihe
2019:
2012:
2001:
1993:
1985:
1966:Carinthia I.
1965:
1960:
1928:
1922:
1911:
1904:
1893:
1886:
1876:
1869:
1860:
1845:McLeod, John
1840:
1821:
1815:
1800:McLeod, John
1784:
1780:
1768:
1742:
1737:
1725:
1719:
1710:
1696:
1690:
1681:
1676:
1669:
1659:
1654:
1643:
1641:Das neuestes
1640:
1638:
1618:
1610:
1600:
1591:
1581:
1576:
1551:McLeod, John
1546:
1527:
1504:
1480:
1471:
1462:
1453:
1438:
1432:
1427:Weli-Spielen
1426:
1419:
1412:
1396:
1389:
1379:
1372:
1365:
1358:
1351:
1344:
1337:
1330:
1324:
1315:
1312:
1305:
1301:
1293:
1284:
1282:
1273:
1253:
1243:
1239:
1237:
1233:
1228:
1226:
1215:
1204:
1200:
1189:
1185:
1178:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1089:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1071:
940:
920:
916:
912:
908:
904:
821:
818:
810:
801:
792:
789:
765:
637:
620:
617:
607:
599:
591:
583:
551:
527:
513:
509:
501:
499:
490:
482:
478:
474:
469:
418:
386:
354:
351:
341:
321:
317:
309:
305:
301:
287:
251:
215:Bridge whist
192:
146:
142:
141:
41:
26:
3408:Kaiserspiel
3362:Truc y Flou
3289:Zehnerlegen
3171:Matzlfangen
3115:German Solo
2702:Bassadewitz
2635:Scharwenzel
2473:Skærvindsel
2462:Sixty-three
2442:Ristikontra
2390:Ninety-nine
2307:Forty-fives
2292:Court piece
2235:Black Maria
1761:Geiser 2004
1397:Haus Pudeln
1296:Piquet deck
879:open misère
530:follow suit
387:The dealer
282:Rams family
247:tarot games
231:Macedonians
167:Piquet deck
73:Rams family
63:Plain-trick
3468:Categories
3259:Trischettn
3140:Kein Stich
3081:Doppelkopf
2996:Mulatschak
2927:Zwanzig ab
2872:Sheepshead
2857:Préférence
2645:Svängknack
2625:Marjapussi
2615:Hindersche
2489:Spoil Five
2332:Hucklebuck
2230:Black lady
2031:Preference
2004:. Vienna:
1983:_ (1829).
1978:Literature
1929:Preference
1773:Wehle 1980
1555:Rams Group
1509:Wehle 1980
1496:References
1201:sans atout
1136:sans atout
1109:Variations
793:preference
495:overcalled
433:trump suit
147:Preference
143:Préférence
30:Préférence
3352:Tressette
3322:Botifarra
3264:Wallachen
3248:Sixty-six
3232:Schnapsen
3227:Schafkopf
3201:Ramscheln
3191:Quodlibet
3176:Mauscheln
3125:Grasobern
3007:Schnalzen
3001:Perlaggen
2867:Schwimmen
2852:Preferans
2797:Klaverjas
2777:Herzblatt
2772:Fünf dazu
2727:Bierlachs
2707:Bauerchen
2494:Stýrivolt
2375:Lanterloo
2337:Kachufool
2219:Bid whist
2198:All fours
2015:, Vienna.
1644:Spielbuch
1445:Footnotes
1291:(USPCC).
954:contract.
893:open slam
429:declarer
330:Wallachia
326:Wallachen
310:Polacheln
306:Polackeln
211:Preferans
179:Lithuania
175:Preferans
131:Preferans
3426:Category
3332:Briscola
3254:Sticheln
3076:Bolachen
3049:Bierkopf
3027:32 cards
2969:Brusbart
2945:36 cards
2847:Polignac
2832:Oma Skat
2822:Mistigri
2817:Marjolet
2792:Klammern
2732:Brandeln
2684:32 cards
2665:Viersche
2655:Tarabish
2630:Rutersju
2557:36 cards
2457:Sheng ji
2447:Rödskägg
2426:Polskpas
2410:Pinochle
2385:Napoleon
2369:Knüffeln
2364:Köpknack
2322:Gong Zhu
2297:Cucumber
2154:52 cards
1486:Bolachen
1408:Profasel
1244:recontra
1216:For the
1190:recontra
1000:diamonds
772:Salzburg
722:diamonds
548:Settling
506:drop out
471:Forehand
449:Diamonds
401:forehand
389:shuffles
338:Bolachen
318:Polacken
290:drop out
203:Austrian
157:10-card
135:Bolachen
3394:Chratze
3312:Aluette
3303:Spanish
3299:Italian
3243:Sedmice
3145:Lampeln
3130:Herzeln
3061:Blattla
3055:Binokel
2990:Kratzen
2932:Zwicken
2897:Solo 66
2837:Pilotta
2812:Manille
2802:Letzter
2747:Coinche
2742:Chouine
2722:Bezique
2670:Voormsi
2660:Trekort
2542:Zwikken
2506:Tarneeb
2400:Oh hell
2380:Mizerka
2302:Femkort
2275:Clabber
2006:Piatnik
1847:, ed.,
1802:, ed.,
1646:of 1802
1553:, ed.,
1388:Hanti (
1229:artwork
1128:trumps
1125:tricks
1097:trick.
978:trumps
975:tricks
843:trumps
840:tricks
658:Tricks
566:kreuzer
538:discard
445:Spades
421:auction
415:Auction
405:packets
342:Preferl
334:Romania
322:polacco
199:Bohemia
189:History
171:Austria
163:bidding
151:Central
149:, is a
79:Players
53:Austria
3347:Julepe
3327:Brisca
3317:Bestia
3269:Watten
3216:Rumpel
3206:Ramsen
3196:Ramsch
3181:Mucken
3166:Mariáš
3155:Lupfen
3135:Herzla
3120:Gilten
3106:(2x24)
3104:Gaigel
3099:Elfern
3083:(2x24)
3057:(2x24)
2984:Jaggln
2963:Bieten
2917:Tuppen
2912:Toepen
2907:Tippen
2842:Piquet
2782:Kaiser
2767:Fipsen
2762:Euchre
2752:Écarté
2717:Belote
2697:Baloot
2511:Thunee
2484:Spades
2452:Shelem
2432:Priffe
2412:(2x24)
2327:Hearts
2286:Chlust
2260:Bridge
2255:Bourré
2250:Boston
2245:Bonken
2072:
1828:
1703:
1631:
1534:
1435:Tippen
1425:Weli (
1405:Pudeln
1240:contra
1196:later.
1186:contra
1090:invite
1046:misère
1016:hearts
986:spades
941:invite
851:misère
745:hearts
701:spades
668:Trumps
661:Trumps
624:Tippen
558:Gulden
510:passen
502:helfen
491:selbst
475:weiter
461:Leaves
457:Acorns
453:Hearts
441:Clubs
365:Piquet
357:dealer
314:Poland
302:Pudeln
294:Tippen
270:Mariáš
258:Boston
235:Vlachs
227:Greeks
195:Vienna
183:Greece
99:French
69:Family
49:Origin
3367:Truco
3305:packs
3238:Sedma
3150:Lorum
3087:Dreeg
2974:Dobbm
2882:Sjavs
2757:Enflé
2737:Bruus
2620:Knack
2590:Bruus
2575:Bräus
2565:Agram
2537:Whist
2500:Sueca
2479:Smear
2467:Sjavs
2416:Pitch
2405:Pedro
2270:Cinch
2240:Bluke
2224:Bisca
2213:Baśka
2208:Barbu
2170:3-5-8
2164:3-2-5
2057:(PDF)
2050:Talon
2046:(PDF)
1420:Prafa
1308:Whist
1170:none
1156:none
1142:none
1122:name
1066:none
1052:none
1032:clubs
972:name
899:none
885:none
871:none
857:none
837:name
680:clubs
655:Name
642:Cards
560:to a
554:anted
534:trump
504:) or
465:Bells
463:<
459:<
451:<
447:<
443:<
437:trick
409:talon
274:Ombre
254:Ombre
243:Slavs
239:Serbs
161:with
87:Cards
3390:Jass
3372:Tute
3357:Truc
3342:Gilé
3279:Ulti
3250:(24)
3234:(20)
3223:(24)
3157:(20)
3095:(20)
3089:(24)
3051:(20)
3045:(20)
3039:(20)
3009:(33)
3003:(33)
2992:(33)
2986:(33)
2965:(33)
2887:Skat
2862:Rams
2650:Tapp
2610:Frog
2605:Dapp
2595:Bura
2585:Brús
2580:Brus
2570:Bête
2544:(20)
2532:Vira
2513:(24)
2502:(40)
2496:(48)
2475:(28)
2428:(24)
2421:Phat
2371:(48)
2360:(16)
2354:(24)
2342:King
2288:(20)
2281:Clag
2277:(24)
2226:(40)
2215:(16)
2194:(24)
2192:1001
2188:(24)
2186:1000
2182:(43)
2166:(30)
2141:list
2070:ISBN
1968:1970
1826:ISBN
1701:ISBN
1629:ISBN
1625:208f
1532:ISBN
1179:refa
1164:slam
1119:bid
1060:slam
969:bid
944:pot.
865:slam
834:bid
807:Play
776:area
652:Bid
524:Play
518:bête
487:hold
393:pack
391:the
383:Deal
373:rank
361:hand
268:and
266:Skat
256:and
237:and
153:and
117:Play
95:Deck
59:Type
3301:or
2692:304
2437:Put
2358:Kop
2180:500
2175:400
1441:).
1205:uno
1150:uno
628:Loo
626:or
562:pot
425:bid
411:.
397:cut
375:in
367:or
308:or
298:Loo
296:or
181:to
101:or
3470::
3400:,
3396:,
2048:.
1939:^
1851:,
1806:,
1792:^
1751:^
1709:,
1680:,
1637:,
1627:,
1599:,
1580:,
1566:^
1557:,
1516:^
1231:.
1167:10
1139:≥6
1063:10
1038:♣
1035:≥6
1019:≥6
1003:≥6
992:♠
989:≥6
896:10
868:10
778:,
748:≥6
725:≥6
704:≥6
683:≥6
630:.
556:4
316:,
304:,
241:,
233:,
229:,
185:.
90:32
3404:)
3392:(
2143:)
2139:(
2129:e
2122:t
2115:v
2078:.
2037:.
2026:.
1934:.
1917:.
1899:.
1881:.
1855:.
1835:.
1810:.
1732:.
1714:.
1685:.
1664:.
1649:.
1605:.
1586:.
1561:.
1541:.
1511:.
1488:.
1429:)
1422:)
1415:)
1399:)
1392:)
1382:)
1375:)
1368:)
1361:)
1354:)
1347:)
1340:)
1333:)
1161:9
1153:1
1147:8
1133:7
1057:7
1049:0
1043:6
1029:5
1023:♥
1013:4
1007:♦
997:3
983:2
890:8
882:0
876:7
862:6
854:0
848:5
752:♥
742:4
729:♦
719:3
707:♠
698:2
686:♣
677:1
508:(
225:(
82:3
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
