1549:
irregularities in public bids were cited, such as the bidding for the North-South
Railroad. The accusations also stated that José Sarney practiced nepotism, that is, favored friends and acquaintances with concessions in radio and television. Dissatisfaction in a wing of the PMDB led to the founding of the Brazilian Social Democracy Party (PSDB). The height of the crisis occurred during the National Constituent Assembly, where party members voted for Sarney's four-year term, although the five-year thesis prevailed, captained by the majority of the PMDB caucus and conservative politicians. The party's members voted for Sarney's four-year term, although the five-year thesis prevailed, captained by the majority of the PMDB caucus and conservative politicians.
183:
117:
1342:
2575:
24:
1358:
2585:
1473:
1398:
Regardless of the controversies of a political nature, the 1988 Federal
Constitution ensured several constitutional guarantees, with the objective of giving greater effectiveness to fundamental rights, allowing the participation of the Judiciary whenever there is injury or threat of injury to rights.
1390:
and smaller parties), also known as the "Centrão". They were supported by the
Executive Branch, represented conservative factions of society, and had a decisive influence on the work of the Constituent Assembly and the outcome of important decisions, such as the maintenance of the agrarian policy and
1444:
was created. At first, the plan managed to achieve its goals, reducing unemployment and reducing inflation. The popularity of the plan made the president's party, the PMDB, victorious in the 1985 municipal elections. The party managed to elect 19 of the 25 mayors of the state capitals. The following
1349:
When he took office, Sarney stated that changes would come during the redemocratization process. The first of these came on May 8, 1985, when the constitutional amendment that established direct elections for president, mayor and governor was approved. Illiterate people were given the right to vote
1480:
Shortly after
Bresser-Pereira took office, inflation reached 23.21%. In order to control the public deficit, through which the government spent more than it collected, an emergency economic plan, the Bresser Plan, was presented in June 1987, instituting a three-month freeze on prices and wages. In
1548:
in all spheres of government became notorious, with
President José Sarney himself being denounced, although the charges were not brought before Congress. It was the period between 1987 and 1989 when the political crisis erupted, allied to the economic crisis. Suspicions of overbilling and
1461:- an additional tax on the product - to be able to sell the products above the established price. After the 1986 elections, the II Cruzado Plan was announced, which caused an excessive increase in prices. The plan failed, and inflation was already over 20%. Finance Minister
228:
On the eve of
Tancredo's inauguration on March 14, 1985, he was hospitalized. The next day, José Sarney took over on an interim basis until the incumbent took office. On April 21, 1985, Tancredo died at the age of 75, and José Sarney became permanent president.
210:, president between 1974 and 1979, guaranteed a "slow, safe and gradual distension". Thus began the political opening. Little by little, the opposition, the old Brazilian Democratic Movement (MDB) gained strength. But it was under the government of
1481:
order to reduce the public deficit some measures were taken, such as: deactivating the wage trigger, increasing taxes, eliminating the wheat subsidy, and postponing the large projects that were already planned, among them the bullet train between
1528:, which externally represented the approximation of capitalist countries with socialist ones, and internally, the end of the characteristics of the military dictatorship - it had been the first president of the military dictatorship,
1365:
In the process of redemocratization, a new
Constitution was needed. This was because the 1967 constitution had been made during the military regime, and thus had a dictatorial character. On February 1, 1987, the
202:. The government was weakened, divided between the hard-line (more radical) military and the moderate military. The economy was suffering from high inflation, people were taking to the streets in the so-called "
1361:
The final working session of the 1988 Constituent
Assembly, in which the Constituent Deputies approved the final text of the country's new Constitution, which days later was promulgated in a solemn session.
1262:
The attributions of the
National Program of Debureaucratization were transferred to the responsibility of the State Minister Extraordinary for Administration Affairs and to the State Minister of Justice.
1493:(IMF) were resumed, and the moratorium was suspended. Even with all these measures, inflation reached the alarming rate of 366% in the 12-month period of 1987. Minister Bresser-Pereira resigned from the
1532:, who broke off relations with Cuba. Due to the economic crises, it was necessary for the government to seek new partnerships. Sarney strengthened relations with African countries that used the
1904:
336:
1958:
1399:
To demonstrate the change that was taking place in the
Brazilian governmental system, which had recently emerged from an authoritarian regime, the 1988 Constitution qualified
1769:
2624:
2629:
601:
1403:
and armed actions against the democratic state and constitutional order as non-bailable crimes, thus creating constitutional devices to block coups of any nature.
2005:
1143:
José Maria was an admiral. Paulo Campos and Jonas were army generals. Paulo Roberto was a lieutenant brigadier. Valbert was an admiral. The organ was extinct.
2185:
1875:
970:
155:
was hospitalized, and definitively on April 21, 1985, with his death, when Sarney became the first civilian president after more than twenty years of
1679:
1589:
2475:
1732:
2264:
1799:
1425:
Brazil suffered from high inflation and international crises. To try to "unburden the country", the government created several economic plans.
1912:
1367:
1118:
840:
877:
660:
218:
73:
911:
It was called the Ministry of Industrial Development, Science and Technology, and later the Ministry of Industry and Trade Development.
823:
1433:
2530:
2350:
2295:
2097:
2064:
1998:
1529:
1966:
1504:
Minister Maílson da Nóbrega created the Verão Plan in January 1989, which decreed a new price freeze and created a new currency: the
2485:
2254:
1846:
496:
2389:
2379:
2321:
2222:
2196:
2173:
2136:
1777:
1440:. Salaries were frozen, being readjusted whenever inflation reached 20% (salary trigger). Monetary correction was abolished, and
1383:
309:
199:
2619:
2333:
644:
156:
1009:
426:
2385:
828:
1411:, the text reflected the pressures of the various groups in society, interested in defining norms that would benefit them.
2609:
2578:
2500:
2452:
2126:
2054:
1991:
1375:
1324:
The attributions of the National Land Policy Program were transferred to the Ministry of Agrarian Reform and Development.
1063:
101:
63:
2588:
2526:
2520:
2495:
2481:
2417:
2399:
2354:
2141:
1450:
491:
382:
2465:
1490:
1466:
784:
518:
1653:
1933:
2510:
2058:
1757:
2471:
2239:
2163:
354:
2614:
2448:
2344:
2310:
2022:
1420:
148:
1883:
1508:. Like all the others, this one also failed, and Sarney ended his government in a time of economic recession.
1498:
1026:
528:
1457:. However, soon after, the Cruzado Plan began to decay, and the merchants hid their goods in order to use an
1454:
1387:
443:
2360:
1505:
1392:
1336:
408:
163:
85:
2177:
1687:
1597:
1441:
195:
1234:
Its titular minister was the Minister of State Extraordinary for Administration Affairs (now extinct).
182:
2291:
2207:
2181:
1629:
1371:
1014:
1807:
2250:
2014:
1533:
1494:
1489:, the North-South Railroad, and the petrochemical complex in Rio de Janeiro. Negotiations with the
960:
144:
116:
139:(March 15, 1985 - March 15, 1990) was a period in Brazilian political history that corresponds to
2048:
2033:
1379:
80:
2405:
2132:
2116:
1345:
Ulysses Guimarães, president of the Constituent Assembly, holds a copy of the 1988 Constitution.
1194:
Changed its name to Secretariat for Planning and Coordination of the Presidency of the Republic
211:
96:
1828:
1341:
2555:
2260:
2217:
2191:
2091:
2085:
1437:
1370:
took office, responsible for creating the new constitution. The president of the Assembly was
167:
2301:
2228:
2147:
2042:
1611:
882:
845:
266:
2122:
1404:
1351:
349:
Ministry replaced by the State Ministry of Industrial Development, Science and Technology
214:(1979-1985) that the country went over to civilians, after years of frustration. In 1985,
2316:
2079:
1854:
1708:
2516:
2491:
2438:
2428:
2395:
2107:
1565:
1486:
1281:
867:
752:
695:
618:
282:
215:
207:
152:
140:
23:
1248:
After the creation of the Ministry of Science and Technology, the agency was extinct.
2603:
2461:
2273:
1462:
1186:
685:
606:
508:
341:
203:
274:
Ministry replaced by the Secretariat of Public Administration on September 3, 1986.
2506:
2369:
1429:
1408:
1092:
857:
734:
September 9, 1987 through September 22, 1987 July 29, 1988 through August 11, 1988
665:
431:
326:
1482:
1378:-SP). Most of the Constituent Assembly was formed by the Democratic Center (PMDB,
1357:
1709:"TANCREDO NEVES ESTÁ MORTO; CORPO É VELADO NO PLANALTO; SARNEY REAFIRMA MUDANÇAS"
2285:
2070:
372:
314:
222:
187:
2279:
1545:
1472:
1449:; and in Congress, the party won 261 seats (54%) out of a total of 487 in the
1654:"Inflação e dívida pública explodiram no Brasil ao final da ditadura militar"
1445:
year, in 1986, the party managed to elect the governors of all states except
572:
Replaced by State Ministry of Industrial Development, Science and Technology
2559:
171:
1207:
Secretariat for Planning and Coordination of the Presidency of the Republic
1517:
1983:
1446:
1400:
1521:
304:
The minister was a lieutenant brigadier. Ministry extinct in 2001.
1471:
1356:
1340:
925:
Changed its name to Ministry of Housing, Urbanism and Environment
181:
1847:"Plano Cruzado - o que foi, congelamento de preços, 1986, resumo"
1905:"Plano Verão completa 21 anos neste sábado - Economês - Virgula"
1525:
1458:
1987:
1476:
Luís Carlos Bresser-Pereira, responsible for the Bresser Plan.
902:
Ministry of Industrial Development, Science and Technology
547:
Changed its name to Ministry of Housing and Social Welfare
263:
Ministry of State Extraordinary for Administration Affairs
151:. Sarney took over the position on an interim basis after
1436:, the currency in effect at the time, was changed to the
1183:
Secretariat of Planning of the Presidency of the Republic
1612:"Governo José Sarney (1985 – 1990). Governo José Sarney"
1516:
Sarney assumed the presidency in the last years of the
279:
Ministry of State Extraordinary for Irrigation Affairs
1465:, responsible for the "Cruzado Plans" was replaced by
1959:"Ferrovia Norte-Sul entre a prioridade e a ideologia"
1568:
was indirectly elected, but died before taking office
162:
The Sarney government recorded a growth of 22.72% in
2416:
2332:
2238:
2206:
2162:
2021:
79:
69:
59:
1934:"Governo José Sarney: características e contexto"
1590:"Presidência da República Federativa do Brasil"
1829:"Governo Sarney. A Economia no Governo Sarney"
1239:Special Secretariat for Science and Technology
916:Ministry of Urban Development and Environment
538:Ministry of Housing, Urbanism and Environment
1999:
1350:for the first time in Brazilian history, and
8:
1520:. In 1986, Sarney resumed relations between
988:September 28, 1988 through October 14, 1988
705:Ministry of Agrarian Reform and Development
141:José Ribamar Ferreira Araújo da Costa Sarney
1770:"Confira a cronologia das eleições diretas"
170:(average of 2.5%). Sarney took office with
2584:
2006:
1992:
1984:
1036:
661:Ministry of Social Security and Assistance
421:August 1, 1988 through September 21, 1988
236:
22:
2625:Brazilian Democratic Movement politicians
1678:Gasparetto Junior, Antonio (2016-03-21).
1154:September 15, 1986 to September 14, 1987
1497:on January 6, 1988, and was replaced by
1453:, and 45 (62.5%) of the 72 seats in the
1407:were determined. According to historian
952:Joaquim Francisco de Freitas Cavalcanti
2630:Governments in South America by country
1581:
1558:
802:February 14, 1986 to November 23, 1987
555:September 5, 1988 to February 15, 1989
552:Ministry of Housing and Social Welfare
359:October 22, 1987 to September 29, 1988
287:February 14, 1986 to February 15, 1989
186:Tancredo Neves is greeted by people in
1798:Angelo, Vitor Amorim de (2012-06-01).
1231:September 4, 1986 to February 15, 1989
1167:Valbert Lisieux Medeiros de Figueiredo
933:February 14, 1986 to October 23, 1987
862:December 22, 1988 to January 17, 1989
810:November 23, 1987 to January 15, 1989
680:February 18, 1986 to October 22, 1987
623:February 14, 1986 to January 19, 1989
544:October 23, 1987 to September 5, 1988
367:September 29, 1980 to August 16, 1988
174:at 242.24% and delivered at 1972.91%.
112:
43:15 March 1985 – 15 March 1990
18:
16:Period in Brazilian political history.
1310:September 28, 1989 to March 15, 1990
1286:August 28, 1985 to February 14, 1986
1074:The minister was a division general.
996:October 14, 1988 to January 13, 1989
978:March 15, 1985 to September 27, 1988
777:August 17, 1988 to February 15, 1989
596:August 17, 1988 to February 14, 1989
519:Luiz Carlos Bresser Gonçalves Pereira
464:October 30, 1987 to January 17, 1989
448:February 14, 1986 to October 6, 1987
392:September 21, 1988 to March 15, 1990
7:
1680:"Abertura Política - Regime Militar"
1294:February 14, 1986 to August 8, 1989
1253:National Debureaucratization Program
1225:Secretariat of Public Administration
1162:September 14, 1987 to June 20, 1988
1140:March 15, 1985 to September 15, 1986
1113:December 21, 1989 to March 15, 1990
1105:April 30, 1987 to December 15, 1989
1097:February 14, 1986 to April 30, 1987
1031:February 14, 1986 to March 15, 1990
1019:March 14, 1985 to February 14, 1986
922:March 15, 1985 to February 14, 1986
908:February 16, 1989 to March 14, 1989
897:February 14, 1986 to March 15, 1990
887:March 15, 1985 to February 14, 1986
883:Olavo Egídio de Sousa Aranha Setúbal
850:March 15, 1985 to December 22, 1988
846:Antônio Aureliano Chaves de Mendonça
792:March 15, 1985 to February 13, 1986
757:September 22, 1987 to July 29, 1988
670:March 15, 1985 to February 13, 1986
611:March 15, 1985 to February 14, 1986
580:February 14, 1986 to August 4, 1988
569:March 15, 1985 to February 14, 1986
523:April 29, 1987 to December 21, 1987
456:October 6, 1987 to October 30, 1987
436:March 15, 1985 to February 14, 1986
413:February 14, 1986 to August 1, 1988
377:August 16, 1988 to January 15, 1989
331:February 14, 1986 to March 15, 1990
319:March 15, 1985 to February 14, 1986
271:March 15, 1985 to September 4, 1986
219:was elected by the electoral college
1630:"GDP growth (annual %) | Data"
1302:July 6, 1989 to September 28, 1989
1268:General Consultancy of the Republic
1259:March 15, 1985 to February 14, 1986
1220:January 22, 1988 to March 14, 1990
1085:March 15, 1985 to February 14, 1986
1004:January 13, 1989 to March 15, 1990
872:January 17, 1989 to March 15, 1990
829:Antônio Carlos Peixoto de Magalhães
818:January 16, 1989 to March 14, 1990
789:Carlos Corrêa de Menezes Sant'anna
767:August 11, 1988 to August 16, 1988
631:January 19, 1989 to August 9, 1989
472:January 17, 1989 to March 15, 1990
469:Carlos Corrêa de Menezes Sant'anna
346:March 15, 1985 to October 22, 1987
1245:April 3, 1989 to December 14, 1989
1178:January 5, 1990 to March 15, 1990
1129:The minister was an army general.
690:October 27, 1987 to July 28, 1988
588:August 5, 1988 to August 17, 1988
513:August 26, 1985 to April 29, 1987
501:March 15, 1985 to August 26, 1985
403:May 29, 1985 to February 14, 1986
337:Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia
225:who represented the dictatorship.
14:
1274:March 15, 1985 to August 28, 1985
1271:Darcy Bessone de Oliveira Andrade
1202:March 24, 1987 to March 31, 1987
1170:June 20, 1988 to January 5, 1990
1001:Dorothea Fonseca Furquim Werneck
965:August 7, 1987 to March 15, 1990
955:April 30, 1987 to August 7, 1987
944:March 15, 1985 to April 30, 1987
833:March 15, 1985 to March 15, 1990
652:March 15, 1985 to March 15, 1990
639:August 9, 1989 to March 15, 1990
497:Francisco Oswaldo Neves Dornelles
486:The minister was an Army General
483:March 15, 1985 to March 15, 1990
301:March 15, 1985 to March 15, 1990
166:(average of 4.54%) and 12.51% in
2583:
2574:
2573:
1321:March 15, 1985 to April 30, 1985
1191:March 15, 1985 to March 23, 1987
1159:Paulo Roberto Coutinho Camarinha
1126:March 15, 1985 to March 15, 1990
1093:Marco Antônio de Oliveira Maciel
1071:March 15, 1985 to March 15, 1990
919:Flávio Rios Peixoto da Silveira
700:July 29, 1988 to March 14, 1990
432:Marco Antônio de Oliveira Maciel
194:The country had been ruled by a
115:
1758:Órgãos da Presidência de Sarney
1256:Paulo de Tarso Lustosa da Costa
1210:May 1, 1987 to January 21, 1988
807:Luiz Carlos Borges da Silveira
711:April 30, 1985 to May 28, 1986
666:Francisco Waldir Pires de Souza
563:Ministry of Industry and Trade
533:May 13, 1987 to March 15, 1990
390:March 15, 1985 to May 9, 1985,
221:with 480 votes against 180 for
157:military dictatorship in Brazil
1027:José Reinaldo Carneiro Tavares
745:June 4, 1987 to July 29, 1988
732:June 2, 1987 to June 4, 1987,
1:
1282:Paulo Brossard de Souza Pinto
1137:José Maria do Amaral Oliveira
1064:Institutional Security Bureau
1015:Affonso Alves de Camargo Neto
894:Roberto Costa de Abreu Sodré
722:May 28, 1986 to June 2, 1987
708:Nélson de Figueiredo Ribeiro
677:Raphael de Almeida Magalhães
655:The minister was an admiral.
619:Paulo Brossard de Souza Pinto
1965:. 2008-10-04. Archived from
1911:. 2010-07-28. Archived from
1882:. 2009-04-13. Archived from
1853:. 2019-02-14. Archived from
1776:. 2009-11-19. Archived from
1596:. 2006-11-16. Archived from
1368:Constituent Assembly of 1988
1318:Nélson de Figueiredo Ribeiro
1315:National Land Policy Program
1175:Jonas de Morais Correia Neto
1119:National Information Service
841:Ministry of Mines and Energy
686:Renato Bayma Archer da Silva
342:Renato Bayma Archer da Silva
1684:www.historiabrasileira.com/
1491:International Monetary Fund
1467:Luís Carlos Bresser-Pereira
878:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
541:Luiz Humberto Prisco Viana
529:Maílson Ferreira da Nóbrega
461:Hugo Napoleão do Rego Neto
418:Hugo Napoleão do Rego Neto
387:José Aparecido de Oliveira
298:Octávio Júlio Moreira Lima
200:Civil-Military Coup of 1964
48:
2646:
1835:(in Brazilian Portuguese).
1713:almanaque.folha.uol.com.br
1618:(in Brazilian Portuguese).
1418:
1334:
1134:Armed Forces General Staff
1110:Luís Roberto Andrade Ponte
1010:Ministry of Transportation
824:Ministry of Communications
719:Dante Martins de Oliveira
2541:
1963:www.desempregozero.org.br
1940:(in Brazilian Portuguese)
1739:(in Brazilian Portuguese)
1299:Sebastião Batista Affonso
1276:
1267:
1212:
1206:
1198:
1193:
1182:
1142:
1133:
1087:
1078:
1021:
1008:
980:
969:
946:
937:
924:
915:
889:
876:
868:Vicente Cavalcante Fialho
852:
839:
794:
783:
774:Leopoldo Pacheco Bessone
753:Jader Fontenelle Barbalho
704:
696:Jader Fontenelle Barbalho
672:
659:
636:José Saulo Pereira Ramos
613:
600:
577:José Hugo Castelo Branco
571:
562:
540:
503:
490:
480:Leônidas Pires Gonçalves
453:Aloísio Guimarães Sotero
438:
425:
395:
381:
355:Luiz Henrique da Silveira
348:
335:
321:
308:
283:Vicente Cavalcante Fialho
145:President of the Republic
133:presidency of José Sarney
123:Standard of the president
111:
91:
38:Presidency of José Sarney
34:
30:
21:
2386:Emílio Garrastazu Médici
1421:Hyperinflation in Brazil
1291:José Saulo Pereira Ramos
1199:Aníbal Teixeira de Souza
1082:José Hugo Castelo Branco
985:Erós Antônio de Almeida
975:Almir Pazzianotto Pinto
799:Roberto Figueira Santos
764:Lázaro Ferreira Barboza
742:Marcos de Barros Freire
585:Luiz André Rico Vicente
566:Roberto Herbster Gusmão
364:Luiz André Rico Vicente
295:Ministry of Aeronautics
147:until his succession by
1544:Accusations of endemic
444:Jorge Konder Bornhausen
310:Ministry of Agriculture
2620:Presidencies of Brazil
1800:"Constituição de 1988"
1594:www.presidencia.gov.br
1477:
1442:unemployment insurance
1362:
1346:
1337:Constitution of Brazil
1242:Décio Leal de Zagottis
905:Roberto Cardoso Alves
593:Roberto Cardoso Alves
509:Dilson Domingos Funaro
409:Celso Monteiro Furtado
191:
137:José Sarney government
2334:Military dictatorship
1475:
1360:
1344:
1217:João Batista de Abreu
938:Ministry of Interior
729:Iris Rezende Machado
477:Ministry of the Army
427:Ministry of Education
196:military dictatorship
185:
2610:Presidents of Brazil
2566:New elections held;
2292:Juscelino Kubitschek
2015:Presidents of Brazil
1600:on 16 November 2006.
1123:Ivan de Sousa Mendes
993:Ronaldo Costa Couto
941:Ronaldo Costa Couto
930:Deni Lineu Schwartz
858:Iris Rezende Machado
607:Fernando Soares Lyra
327:Iris Rezende Machado
206:". Military officer
143:'s first mandate as
2472:Fernando H. Cardoso
2251:Eurico Gaspar Dutra
1851:www.suapesquisa.com
1534:Portuguese language
1495:Ministry of Finance
1451:Chamber of Deputies
1102:Ronaldo Costa Couto
1045:
628:Oscar Dias Correia
602:Ministry of Justice
492:Ministry of Finance
383:Ministry of Culture
245:
49:Vice President
2049:Prudente de Morais
2034:Deodoro da Fonseca
1909:virgula.uol.com.br
1634:data.worldbank.org
1499:Maílson da Nóbrega
1478:
1363:
1347:
1307:Clóvis Ferro Costa
1151:Paulo Campos Paiva
1068:Rubens Bayma Denys
1049:President's office
1041:President's office
1037:
971:Ministry of Labour
947:Ministry extinct.
785:Ministry of Health
714:Ministry extinct.
558:Ministry extinct.
290:Ministry extinct.
237:
233:Ministers of State
192:
135:, also called the
2597:
2596:
2433:never took office
2240:Populist Republic
2182:Isaías de Noronha
2152:never took office
2102:never took office
2086:Hermes da Fonseca
1372:Ulysses Guimarães
1352:communist parties
1331:Redemocratization
1328:
1327:
1035:
1034:
315:Pedro Jorge Simon
168:per capita income
129:
128:
2637:
2587:
2586:
2577:
2576:
2551:Died in office;
2345:Ranieri Mazzilli
2311:Ranieri Mazzilli
2043:Floriano Peixoto
2008:
2001:
1994:
1985:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1974:
1955:
1949:
1948:
1946:
1945:
1930:
1924:
1923:
1921:
1920:
1901:
1895:
1894:
1892:
1891:
1872:
1866:
1865:
1863:
1862:
1843:
1837:
1836:
1825:
1819:
1818:
1816:
1815:
1806:. Archived from
1795:
1789:
1788:
1786:
1785:
1766:
1760:
1755:
1749:
1748:
1746:
1744:
1729:
1723:
1722:
1720:
1719:
1705:
1699:
1698:
1696:
1695:
1686:. Archived from
1675:
1669:
1668:
1666:
1664:
1650:
1644:
1643:
1641:
1640:
1626:
1620:
1619:
1608:
1602:
1601:
1586:
1569:
1563:
1405:Direct elections
1391:the role of the
1354:were legalized.
1046:
961:João Alves Filho
649:Henrique Saboia
645:Ministry of Navy
400:Aluísio Pimenta
246:
119:
41:
39:
26:
19:
2645:
2644:
2640:
2639:
2638:
2636:
2635:
2634:
2615:1980s in Brazil
2600:
2599:
2598:
2593:
2537:
2536:
2449:Collor de Mello
2420:
2412:
2411:
2406:João Figueiredo
2336:
2328:
2327:
2242:
2234:
2210:
2202:
2166:
2164:Second Republic
2158:
2157:
2133:Washington Luís
2123:Artur Bernardes
2117:Epitácio Pessoa
2098:Rodrigues Alves
2065:Rodrigues Alves
2025:
2017:
2012:
1982:
1981:
1972:
1970:
1957:
1956:
1952:
1943:
1941:
1932:
1931:
1927:
1918:
1916:
1903:
1902:
1898:
1889:
1887:
1876:"Plano Cruzado"
1874:
1873:
1869:
1860:
1858:
1845:
1844:
1840:
1827:
1826:
1822:
1813:
1811:
1797:
1796:
1792:
1783:
1781:
1768:
1767:
1763:
1756:
1752:
1742:
1740:
1731:
1730:
1726:
1717:
1715:
1707:
1706:
1702:
1693:
1691:
1677:
1676:
1672:
1662:
1660:
1652:
1651:
1647:
1638:
1636:
1628:
1627:
1623:
1610:
1609:
1605:
1588:
1587:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1572:
1564:
1560:
1555:
1542:
1514:
1423:
1417:
1339:
1333:
1145:
1044:
255:Term of office
244:
235:
212:João Figueiredo
180:
149:Fernando Collor
125:
124:
121:
120:
107:
106:
105:
102:Collor de Mello
99:
97:João Figueiredo
86:Alvorada Palace
55:
50:
42:
37:
35:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2643:
2641:
2633:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2602:
2601:
2595:
2594:
2592:
2591:
2581:
2542:
2539:
2538:
2535:
2534:
2524:
2517:Jair Bolsonaro
2514:
2504:
2492:Dilma Rousseff
2489:
2479:
2469:
2459:
2446:
2436:
2429:Tancredo Neves
2425:
2424:
2422:
2421:(1985–present)
2414:
2413:
2410:
2409:
2403:
2396:Ernesto Geisel
2393:
2383:
2380:Military Junta
2377:
2367:
2358:
2351:Castelo Branco
2348:
2341:
2340:
2338:
2330:
2329:
2326:
2325:
2314:
2308:
2299:
2289:
2283:
2277:
2271:
2261:Getúlio Vargas
2258:
2247:
2246:
2244:
2236:
2235:
2233:
2232:
2226:
2218:Getúlio Vargas
2214:
2212:
2204:
2203:
2201:
2200:
2192:Getúlio Vargas
2189:
2174:Military Junta
2170:
2168:
2160:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2145:
2130:
2120:
2114:
2108:Delfim Moreira
2105:
2095:
2092:Venceslau Brás
2089:
2083:
2077:
2068:
2062:
2052:
2046:
2040:
2030:
2029:
2027:
2019:
2018:
2013:
2011:
2010:
2003:
1996:
1988:
1980:
1979:
1950:
1925:
1896:
1867:
1838:
1820:
1790:
1761:
1750:
1724:
1700:
1670:
1645:
1621:
1603:
1580:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1571:
1570:
1566:Tancredo Neves
1557:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1541:
1538:
1530:Castelo Branco
1513:
1512:Foreign policy
1510:
1487:Rio de Janeiro
1455:Federal Senate
1419:Main article:
1416:
1413:
1335:Main article:
1332:
1329:
1326:
1325:
1322:
1319:
1316:
1312:
1311:
1308:
1304:
1303:
1300:
1296:
1295:
1292:
1288:
1287:
1284:
1278:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1257:
1254:
1250:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1236:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1222:
1221:
1218:
1214:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1204:
1203:
1200:
1196:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1184:
1180:
1179:
1176:
1172:
1171:
1168:
1164:
1163:
1160:
1156:
1155:
1152:
1148:
1147:
1141:
1138:
1135:
1131:
1130:
1127:
1124:
1121:
1115:
1114:
1111:
1107:
1106:
1103:
1099:
1098:
1095:
1089:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1076:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1060:
1059:
1056:
1053:
1052:Chief Minister
1050:
1038:
1033:
1032:
1029:
1023:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1012:
1006:
1005:
1002:
998:
997:
994:
990:
989:
986:
982:
981:
979:
976:
973:
967:
966:
963:
957:
956:
953:
949:
948:
945:
942:
939:
935:
934:
931:
927:
926:
923:
920:
917:
913:
912:
909:
906:
903:
899:
898:
895:
891:
890:
888:
885:
880:
874:
873:
870:
864:
863:
860:
854:
853:
851:
848:
843:
837:
836:
834:
831:
826:
820:
819:
816:
815:Seigo Tsuzuki
812:
811:
808:
804:
803:
800:
796:
795:
793:
790:
787:
781:
780:
778:
775:
771:
770:
768:
765:
761:
760:
758:
755:
749:
748:
746:
743:
739:
738:
736:
730:
726:
725:
723:
720:
716:
715:
712:
709:
706:
702:
701:
698:
692:
691:
688:
682:
681:
678:
674:
673:
671:
668:
663:
657:
656:
653:
650:
647:
641:
640:
637:
633:
632:
629:
625:
624:
621:
615:
614:
612:
609:
604:
598:
597:
594:
590:
589:
586:
582:
581:
578:
574:
573:
570:
567:
564:
560:
559:
556:
553:
549:
548:
545:
542:
539:
535:
534:
531:
525:
524:
521:
515:
514:
511:
505:
504:
502:
499:
494:
488:
487:
484:
481:
478:
474:
473:
470:
466:
465:
462:
458:
457:
454:
450:
449:
446:
440:
439:
437:
434:
429:
423:
422:
419:
415:
414:
411:
405:
404:
401:
397:
396:
394:
388:
385:
379:
378:
375:
369:
368:
365:
361:
360:
357:
351:
350:
347:
344:
339:
333:
332:
329:
323:
322:
320:
317:
312:
306:
305:
302:
299:
296:
292:
291:
288:
285:
280:
276:
275:
272:
269:
264:
260:
259:
256:
253:
250:
238:
234:
231:
216:Tancredo Neves
208:Ernesto Geisel
179:
176:
153:Tancredo Neves
127:
126:
122:
114:
113:
109:
108:
100:
94:
93:
92:
89:
88:
83:
77:
76:
71:
67:
66:
61:
57:
56:
53:
51:
45:
44:
32:
31:
28:
27:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2642:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2607:
2605:
2590:
2582:
2580:
2572:
2571:
2569:
2565:
2561:
2557:
2554:
2550:
2546:
2543:End of term:
2540:
2532:
2528:
2527:Lula da Silva
2525:
2522:
2518:
2515:
2512:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2502:
2497:
2493:
2490:
2487:
2483:
2482:Lula da Silva
2480:
2477:
2473:
2470:
2467:
2463:
2462:Itamar Franco
2460:
2458:
2454:
2450:
2447:
2444:
2440:
2437:
2434:
2430:
2427:
2426:
2423:
2419:
2415:
2407:
2404:
2401:
2397:
2394:
2391:
2387:
2384:
2381:
2378:
2375:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2362:
2361:Costa e Silva
2359:
2356:
2352:
2349:
2346:
2343:
2342:
2339:
2335:
2331:
2324:
2323:
2318:
2315:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2303:
2302:Jânio Quadros
2300:
2297:
2293:
2290:
2287:
2284:
2281:
2278:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2259:
2256:
2252:
2249:
2248:
2245:
2241:
2237:
2230:
2229:José Linhares
2227:
2225:
2224:
2219:
2216:
2215:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2199:
2198:
2193:
2190:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2178:Tasso Fragoso
2175:
2172:
2171:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2153:
2149:
2148:Júlio Prestes
2146:
2144:
2143:
2138:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2124:
2121:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2109:
2106:
2103:
2099:
2096:
2093:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2072:
2069:
2066:
2063:
2060:
2056:
2053:
2050:
2047:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2035:
2032:
2031:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2009:
2004:
2002:
1997:
1995:
1990:
1989:
1986:
1969:on 2008-10-04
1968:
1964:
1960:
1954:
1951:
1939:
1938:Brasil Escola
1935:
1929:
1926:
1915:on 2010-07-28
1914:
1910:
1906:
1900:
1897:
1886:on 2009-04-13
1885:
1881:
1880:Memória Globo
1877:
1871:
1868:
1857:on 2019-02-14
1856:
1852:
1848:
1842:
1839:
1834:
1833:Brasil Escola
1830:
1824:
1821:
1810:on 2012-06-01
1809:
1805:
1801:
1794:
1791:
1780:on 2009-11-19
1779:
1775:
1771:
1765:
1762:
1759:
1754:
1751:
1738:
1734:
1733:"Ministérios"
1728:
1725:
1714:
1710:
1704:
1701:
1690:on 2016-03-21
1689:
1685:
1681:
1674:
1671:
1659:
1655:
1649:
1646:
1635:
1631:
1625:
1622:
1617:
1616:Brasil Escola
1613:
1607:
1604:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1585:
1582:
1575:
1567:
1562:
1559:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1540:Controversies
1539:
1537:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1511:
1509:
1507:
1502:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1474:
1470:
1468:
1464:
1463:Dílson Funaro
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1426:
1422:
1414:
1412:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1396:
1394:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1359:
1355:
1353:
1343:
1338:
1330:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1314:
1313:
1309:
1306:
1305:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1279:
1273:
1270:
1266:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1251:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1238:
1237:
1233:
1230:
1228:Aluísio Alves
1227:
1224:
1223:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1174:
1173:
1169:
1166:
1165:
1161:
1158:
1157:
1153:
1150:
1149:
1146:
1139:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1116:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1104:
1101:
1100:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1084:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1061:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1047:
1043:
1042:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1024:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1007:
1003:
1000:
999:
995:
992:
991:
987:
984:
983:
977:
974:
972:
968:
964:
962:
959:
958:
954:
951:
950:
943:
940:
936:
932:
929:
928:
921:
918:
914:
910:
907:
904:
901:
900:
896:
893:
892:
886:
884:
881:
879:
875:
871:
869:
866:
865:
861:
859:
856:
855:
849:
847:
844:
842:
838:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
821:
817:
814:
813:
809:
806:
805:
801:
798:
797:
791:
788:
786:
782:
779:
776:
773:
772:
769:
766:
763:
762:
759:
756:
754:
751:
750:
747:
744:
741:
740:
737:
735:
731:
728:
727:
724:
721:
718:
717:
713:
710:
707:
703:
699:
697:
694:
693:
689:
687:
684:
683:
679:
676:
675:
669:
667:
664:
662:
658:
654:
651:
648:
646:
643:
642:
638:
635:
634:
630:
627:
626:
622:
620:
617:
616:
610:
608:
605:
603:
599:
595:
592:
591:
587:
584:
583:
579:
576:
575:
568:
565:
561:
557:
554:
551:
550:
546:
543:
537:
536:
532:
530:
527:
526:
522:
520:
517:
516:
512:
510:
507:
506:
500:
498:
495:
493:
489:
485:
482:
479:
476:
475:
471:
468:
467:
463:
460:
459:
455:
452:
451:
447:
445:
442:
441:
435:
433:
430:
428:
424:
420:
417:
416:
412:
410:
407:
406:
402:
399:
398:
393:
389:
386:
384:
380:
376:
374:
371:
370:
366:
363:
362:
358:
356:
353:
352:
345:
343:
340:
338:
334:
330:
328:
325:
324:
318:
316:
313:
311:
307:
303:
300:
297:
294:
293:
289:
286:
284:
281:
278:
277:
273:
270:
268:
267:Aluízio Alves
265:
262:
261:
257:
254:
251:
248:
247:
243:
242:
232:
230:
226:
224:
220:
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
189:
184:
177:
175:
173:
169:
165:
160:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
118:
110:
104: →
103:
98:
95:←
90:
87:
84:
82:
78:
75:
72:
68:
65:
62:
58:
52:
47:
46:
40:
33:
29:
25:
20:
2567:
2563:
2552:
2548:
2544:
2531:2023–present
2507:Michel Temer
2499:
2456:
2442:
2432:
2418:New Republic
2373:
2370:Pedro Aleixo
2364:
2363:(1967–1969)
2320:
2319:(1961–1964)
2317:João Goulart
2305:
2268:
2221:
2220:(1937–1945)
2195:
2194:(1930–1937)
2186:Mena Barreto
2151:
2140:
2111:
2110:(1918–1919)
2101:
2080:Nilo Peçanha
2074:
2073:(1906–1909)
2055:Campos Sales
2037:
2036:(1889–1891)
2023:Old Republic
1971:. Retrieved
1967:the original
1962:
1953:
1942:. Retrieved
1937:
1928:
1917:. Retrieved
1913:the original
1908:
1899:
1888:. Retrieved
1884:the original
1879:
1870:
1859:. Retrieved
1855:the original
1850:
1841:
1832:
1823:
1812:. Retrieved
1808:the original
1804:educacao.uol
1803:
1793:
1782:. Retrieved
1778:the original
1773:
1764:
1753:
1741:. Retrieved
1736:
1727:
1716:. Retrieved
1712:
1703:
1692:. Retrieved
1688:the original
1683:
1673:
1663:February 26,
1661:. Retrieved
1657:
1648:
1637:. Retrieved
1633:
1624:
1615:
1606:
1598:the original
1593:
1584:
1561:
1543:
1515:
1506:Cruzado Novo
1503:
1479:
1430:Cruzado Plan
1427:
1424:
1409:Boris Fausto
1397:
1393:Armed Forces
1364:
1348:
1144:
1079:Civil Office
1040:
1039:
733:
391:
240:
239:
227:
193:
161:
136:
132:
130:
36:
2556:Coup d'état
2439:José Sarney
2408:(1979–1985)
2288:(1955–1956)
2286:Nereu Ramos
2276:(1954–1955)
2231:(1945–1946)
2208:Estado Novo
2119:(1919–1922)
2094:(1914–1918)
2088:(1910–1914)
2082:(1909–1910)
2071:Afonso Pena
2067:(1902–1906)
2051:(1894–1898)
2045:(1891–1894)
2026:(1889–1930)
1743:December 6,
373:Ralph Biasi
223:Paulo Maluf
2604:Categories
2570:Impeached
2547:Resigned;
2374:posthumous
2280:Carlos Luz
2274:Café Filho
1973:2008-10-04
1944:2012-01-20
1919:2012-01-19
1890:2012-01-19
1861:2012-01-19
1814:2012-01-15
1784:2012-01-13
1737:Biblioteca
1718:2012-01-13
1694:2012-01-16
1658:www.r7.com
1639:2017-06-16
1576:References
1546:corruption
1428:Under the
1187:João Sayad
241:Ministries
204:Diretas Já
198:since the
178:Background
2560:self-coup
2521:2019–2023
2511:2016–2019
2496:2011–2016
2486:2003–2011
2476:1995–2003
2466:1992–1995
2453:1990–1992
2443:1985–1990
2400:1974–1979
2390:1969–1974
2355:1964–1967
2337:(1964–85)
2296:1956–1961
2265:1951–1954
2255:1946–1951
2243:(1946–64)
2211:(1937–46)
2167:(1930–37)
2137:1926–1930
2127:1922–1926
2059:1898–1902
1483:São Paulo
252:Minister
249:Ministry
172:inflation
2579:Category
2188:) (1930)
1518:Cold War
1434:cruzeiro
188:Brasília
70:Election
2304:(1961)
1447:Sergipe
1438:cruzado
1415:Economy
1401:torture
190:(1984).
2382:(1969)
2347:(1964)
2313:(1961)
2282:(1955)
1522:Brazil
1432:, the
1058:Notes
258:Notes
1553:Notes
60:Party
2589:List
1745:2018
1665:2018
1526:Cuba
1524:and
1485:and
1459:agio
1376:PMDB
1055:Term
131:The
81:Seat
74:1985
64:PMDB
54:None
2558:or
1388:PDS
1384:PTB
1380:PFL
164:GDP
2606::
2562:;
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2184:,
2180:,
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