1560:
irregularities in public bids were cited, such as the bidding for the North-South
Railroad. The accusations also stated that José Sarney practiced nepotism, that is, favored friends and acquaintances with concessions in radio and television. Dissatisfaction in a wing of the PMDB led to the founding of the Brazilian Social Democracy Party (PSDB). The height of the crisis occurred during the National Constituent Assembly, where party members voted for Sarney's four-year term, although the five-year thesis prevailed, captained by the majority of the PMDB caucus and conservative politicians. The party's members voted for Sarney's four-year term, although the five-year thesis prevailed, captained by the majority of the PMDB caucus and conservative politicians.
194:
128:
1353:
2586:
35:
1369:
2596:
1484:
1409:
Regardless of the controversies of a political nature, the 1988 Federal
Constitution ensured several constitutional guarantees, with the objective of giving greater effectiveness to fundamental rights, allowing the participation of the Judiciary whenever there is injury or threat of injury to rights.
1401:
and smaller parties), also known as the "Centrão". They were supported by the
Executive Branch, represented conservative factions of society, and had a decisive influence on the work of the Constituent Assembly and the outcome of important decisions, such as the maintenance of the agrarian policy and
1455:
was created. At first, the plan managed to achieve its goals, reducing unemployment and reducing inflation. The popularity of the plan made the president's party, the PMDB, victorious in the 1985 municipal elections. The party managed to elect 19 of the 25 mayors of the state capitals. The following
1360:
When he took office, Sarney stated that changes would come during the redemocratization process. The first of these came on May 8, 1985, when the constitutional amendment that established direct elections for president, mayor and governor was approved. Illiterate people were given the right to vote
1491:
Shortly after
Bresser-Pereira took office, inflation reached 23.21%. In order to control the public deficit, through which the government spent more than it collected, an emergency economic plan, the Bresser Plan, was presented in June 1987, instituting a three-month freeze on prices and wages. In
1559:
in all spheres of government became notorious, with
President José Sarney himself being denounced, although the charges were not brought before Congress. It was the period between 1987 and 1989 when the political crisis erupted, allied to the economic crisis. Suspicions of overbilling and
1472:- an additional tax on the product - to be able to sell the products above the established price. After the 1986 elections, the II Cruzado Plan was announced, which caused an excessive increase in prices. The plan failed, and inflation was already over 20%. Finance Minister
239:
On the eve of
Tancredo's inauguration on March 14, 1985, he was hospitalized. The next day, José Sarney took over on an interim basis until the incumbent took office. On April 21, 1985, Tancredo died at the age of 75, and José Sarney became permanent president.
221:, president between 1974 and 1979, guaranteed a "slow, safe and gradual distension". Thus began the political opening. Little by little, the opposition, the old Brazilian Democratic Movement (MDB) gained strength. But it was under the government of
1492:
order to reduce the public deficit some measures were taken, such as: deactivating the wage trigger, increasing taxes, eliminating the wheat subsidy, and postponing the large projects that were already planned, among them the bullet train between
1539:, which externally represented the approximation of capitalist countries with socialist ones, and internally, the end of the characteristics of the military dictatorship - it had been the first president of the military dictatorship,
1376:
In the process of redemocratization, a new
Constitution was needed. This was because the 1967 constitution had been made during the military regime, and thus had a dictatorial character. On February 1, 1987, the
213:. The government was weakened, divided between the hard-line (more radical) military and the moderate military. The economy was suffering from high inflation, people were taking to the streets in the so-called "
1372:
The final working session of the 1988 Constituent
Assembly, in which the Constituent Deputies approved the final text of the country's new Constitution, which days later was promulgated in a solemn session.
1273:
The attributions of the
National Program of Debureaucratization were transferred to the responsibility of the State Minister Extraordinary for Administration Affairs and to the State Minister of Justice.
1504:(IMF) were resumed, and the moratorium was suspended. Even with all these measures, inflation reached the alarming rate of 366% in the 12-month period of 1987. Minister Bresser-Pereira resigned from the
1543:, who broke off relations with Cuba. Due to the economic crises, it was necessary for the government to seek new partnerships. Sarney strengthened relations with African countries that used the
1915:
347:
1969:
1410:
To demonstrate the change that was taking place in the
Brazilian governmental system, which had recently emerged from an authoritarian regime, the 1988 Constitution qualified
1780:
2635:
2640:
612:
1414:
and armed actions against the democratic state and constitutional order as non-bailable crimes, thus creating constitutional devices to block coups of any nature.
2016:
1154:
José Maria was an admiral. Paulo Campos and Jonas were army generals. Paulo Roberto was a lieutenant brigadier. Valbert was an admiral. The organ was extinct.
2196:
1886:
981:
166:
was hospitalized, and definitively on April 21, 1985, with his death, when Sarney became the first civilian president after more than twenty years of
1690:
1600:
2486:
1743:
2275:
1810:
1436:
Brazil suffered from high inflation and international crises. To try to "unburden the country", the government created several economic plans.
1923:
1378:
1129:
851:
888:
671:
229:
84:
922:
It was called the Ministry of Industrial Development, Science and Technology, and later the Ministry of Industry and Trade Development.
834:
1444:
2541:
2361:
2306:
2108:
2075:
2009:
1540:
1977:
1515:
Minister Maílson da Nóbrega created the Verão Plan in January 1989, which decreed a new price freeze and created a new currency: the
2496:
2265:
1857:
507:
2400:
2390:
2332:
2233:
2207:
2184:
2147:
1788:
1451:. Salaries were frozen, being readjusted whenever inflation reached 20% (salary trigger). Monetary correction was abolished, and
1394:
320:
210:
2630:
2344:
655:
167:
1020:
437:
2396:
839:
1422:, the text reflected the pressures of the various groups in society, interested in defining norms that would benefit them.
2620:
2589:
2511:
2463:
2137:
2065:
2002:
1386:
1335:
The attributions of the National Land Policy Program were transferred to the Ministry of Agrarian Reform and Development.
1074:
112:
74:
2599:
2537:
2531:
2506:
2492:
2428:
2410:
2365:
2152:
1461:
502:
393:
2476:
1501:
1477:
795:
529:
1664:
1944:
2521:
2069:
1768:
2482:
2250:
2174:
365:
2625:
2459:
2355:
2321:
2033:
1431:
159:
1894:
1519:. Like all the others, this one also failed, and Sarney ended his government in a time of economic recession.
1509:
1037:
539:
1468:. However, soon after, the Cruzado Plan began to decay, and the merchants hid their goods in order to use an
1465:
1398:
454:
2371:
1516:
1403:
1347:
419:
174:
96:
2188:
1698:
1608:
1452:
206:
1245:
Its titular minister was the Minister of State Extraordinary for Administration Affairs (now extinct).
193:
2302:
2218:
2192:
1640:
1382:
1025:
1818:
2261:
2025:
1544:
1505:
1500:, the North-South Railroad, and the petrochemical complex in Rio de Janeiro. Negotiations with the
971:
155:
127:
150:(March 15, 1985 - March 15, 1990) was a period in Brazilian political history that corresponds to
2059:
2044:
1390:
91:
2416:
2143:
2127:
1356:
Ulysses Guimarães, president of the Constituent Assembly, holds a copy of the 1988 Constitution.
1205:
Changed its name to Secretariat for Planning and Coordination of the Presidency of the Republic
222:
107:
1839:
1352:
2566:
2271:
2228:
2202:
2102:
2096:
1448:
1381:
took office, responsible for creating the new constitution. The president of the Assembly was
178:
2312:
2239:
2158:
2053:
1622:
893:
856:
277:
2133:
1415:
1362:
360:
Ministry replaced by the State Ministry of Industrial Development, Science and Technology
225:(1979-1985) that the country went over to civilians, after years of frustration. In 1985,
2327:
2090:
1865:
1719:
2527:
2502:
2449:
2439:
2406:
2118:
1576:
1497:
1292:
878:
763:
706:
629:
293:
226:
218:
163:
151:
34:
1259:
After the creation of the Ministry of Science and Technology, the agency was extinct.
2614:
2472:
2284:
1473:
1197:
696:
617:
519:
352:
214:
285:
Ministry replaced by the Secretariat of Public Administration on September 3, 1986.
17:
2517:
2380:
1440:
1419:
1103:
868:
745:
September 9, 1987 through September 22, 1987 July 29, 1988 through August 11, 1988
676:
442:
337:
1493:
1389:-SP). Most of the Constituent Assembly was formed by the Democratic Center (PMDB,
1368:
1720:"TANCREDO NEVES ESTÁ MORTO; CORPO É VELADO NO PLANALTO; SARNEY REAFIRMA MUDANÇAS"
2296:
2081:
383:
325:
233:
198:
2290:
1556:
1483:
1460:; and in Congress, the party won 261 seats (54%) out of a total of 487 in the
1665:"Inflação e dívida pública explodiram no Brasil ao final da ditadura militar"
1456:
year, in 1986, the party managed to elect the governors of all states except
583:
Replaced by State Ministry of Industrial Development, Science and Technology
2570:
182:
1218:
Secretariat for Planning and Coordination of the Presidency of the Republic
1528:
1994:
1457:
1411:
1532:
315:
The minister was a lieutenant brigadier. Ministry extinct in 2001.
1482:
1367:
1351:
936:
Changed its name to Ministry of Housing, Urbanism and Environment
192:
1858:"Plano Cruzado - o que foi, congelamento de preços, 1986, resumo"
1916:"Plano Verão completa 21 anos neste sábado - Economês - Virgula"
1536:
1469:
1998:
1487:
Luís Carlos Bresser-Pereira, responsible for the Bresser Plan.
913:
Ministry of Industrial Development, Science and Technology
558:
Changed its name to Ministry of Housing and Social Welfare
274:
Ministry of State Extraordinary for Administration Affairs
162:. Sarney took over the position on an interim basis after
1447:, the currency in effect at the time, was changed to the
1194:
Secretariat of Planning of the Presidency of the Republic
1623:"Governo José Sarney (1985 – 1990). Governo José Sarney"
1527:
Sarney assumed the presidency in the last years of the
290:
Ministry of State Extraordinary for Irrigation Affairs
1476:, responsible for the "Cruzado Plans" was replaced by
1970:"Ferrovia Norte-Sul entre a prioridade e a ideologia"
1579:
was indirectly elected, but died before taking office
173:
The Sarney government recorded a growth of 22.72% in
2427:
2343:
2249:
2217:
2173:
2032:
90:
80:
70:
1945:"Governo José Sarney: características e contexto"
1601:"Presidência da República Federativa do Brasil"
1840:"Governo Sarney. A Economia no Governo Sarney"
1250:Special Secretariat for Science and Technology
927:Ministry of Urban Development and Environment
549:Ministry of Housing, Urbanism and Environment
2010:
1361:for the first time in Brazilian history, and
8:
1531:. In 1986, Sarney resumed relations between
999:September 28, 1988 through October 14, 1988
716:Ministry of Agrarian Reform and Development
152:José Ribamar Ferreira Araújo da Costa Sarney
1781:"Confira a cronologia das eleições diretas"
181:(average of 2.5%). Sarney took office with
2595:
2017:
2003:
1995:
1047:
672:Ministry of Social Security and Assistance
432:August 1, 1988 through September 21, 1988
247:
33:
2636:Brazilian Democratic Movement politicians
1689:Gasparetto Junior, Antonio (2016-03-21).
1165:September 15, 1986 to September 14, 1987
1508:on January 6, 1988, and was replaced by
1464:, and 45 (62.5%) of the 72 seats in the
1418:were determined. According to historian
963:Joaquim Francisco de Freitas Cavalcanti
2641:Governments in South America by country
1592:
1569:
813:February 14, 1986 to November 23, 1987
566:September 5, 1988 to February 15, 1989
563:Ministry of Housing and Social Welfare
370:October 22, 1987 to September 29, 1988
298:February 14, 1986 to February 15, 1989
197:Tancredo Neves is greeted by people in
1809:Angelo, Vitor Amorim de (2012-06-01).
1242:September 4, 1986 to February 15, 1989
1178:Valbert Lisieux Medeiros de Figueiredo
944:February 14, 1986 to October 23, 1987
873:December 22, 1988 to January 17, 1989
821:November 23, 1987 to January 15, 1989
691:February 18, 1986 to October 22, 1987
634:February 14, 1986 to January 19, 1989
555:October 23, 1987 to September 5, 1988
378:September 29, 1980 to August 16, 1988
185:at 242.24% and delivered at 1972.91%.
123:
54:15 March 1985 – 15 March 1990
29:
27:Period in Brazilian political history.
1321:September 28, 1989 to March 15, 1990
1297:August 28, 1985 to February 14, 1986
1085:The minister was a division general.
1007:October 14, 1988 to January 13, 1989
989:March 15, 1985 to September 27, 1988
788:August 17, 1988 to February 15, 1989
607:August 17, 1988 to February 14, 1989
530:Luiz Carlos Bresser Gonçalves Pereira
475:October 30, 1987 to January 17, 1989
459:February 14, 1986 to October 6, 1987
403:September 21, 1988 to March 15, 1990
7:
1691:"Abertura Política - Regime Militar"
1305:February 14, 1986 to August 8, 1989
1264:National Debureaucratization Program
1236:Secretariat of Public Administration
1173:September 14, 1987 to June 20, 1988
1151:March 15, 1985 to September 15, 1986
1124:December 21, 1989 to March 15, 1990
1116:April 30, 1987 to December 15, 1989
1108:February 14, 1986 to April 30, 1987
1042:February 14, 1986 to March 15, 1990
1030:March 14, 1985 to February 14, 1986
933:March 15, 1985 to February 14, 1986
919:February 16, 1989 to March 14, 1989
908:February 14, 1986 to March 15, 1990
898:March 15, 1985 to February 14, 1986
894:Olavo Egídio de Sousa Aranha Setúbal
861:March 15, 1985 to December 22, 1988
857:Antônio Aureliano Chaves de Mendonça
803:March 15, 1985 to February 13, 1986
768:September 22, 1987 to July 29, 1988
681:March 15, 1985 to February 13, 1986
622:March 15, 1985 to February 14, 1986
591:February 14, 1986 to August 4, 1988
580:March 15, 1985 to February 14, 1986
534:April 29, 1987 to December 21, 1987
467:October 6, 1987 to October 30, 1987
447:March 15, 1985 to February 14, 1986
424:February 14, 1986 to August 1, 1988
388:August 16, 1988 to January 15, 1989
342:February 14, 1986 to March 15, 1990
330:March 15, 1985 to February 14, 1986
282:March 15, 1985 to September 4, 1986
230:was elected by the electoral college
1641:"GDP growth (annual %) | Data"
1313:July 6, 1989 to September 28, 1989
1279:General Consultancy of the Republic
1270:March 15, 1985 to February 14, 1986
1231:January 22, 1988 to March 14, 1990
1096:March 15, 1985 to February 14, 1986
1015:January 13, 1989 to March 15, 1990
883:January 17, 1989 to March 15, 1990
840:Antônio Carlos Peixoto de Magalhães
829:January 16, 1989 to March 14, 1990
800:Carlos Corrêa de Menezes Sant'anna
778:August 11, 1988 to August 16, 1988
642:January 19, 1989 to August 9, 1989
483:January 17, 1989 to March 15, 1990
480:Carlos Corrêa de Menezes Sant'anna
357:March 15, 1985 to October 22, 1987
1256:April 3, 1989 to December 14, 1989
1189:January 5, 1990 to March 15, 1990
1140:The minister was an army general.
701:October 27, 1987 to July 28, 1988
599:August 5, 1988 to August 17, 1988
524:August 26, 1985 to April 29, 1987
512:March 15, 1985 to August 26, 1985
414:May 29, 1985 to February 14, 1986
348:Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia
236:who represented the dictatorship.
25:
1285:March 15, 1985 to August 28, 1985
1282:Darcy Bessone de Oliveira Andrade
1213:March 24, 1987 to March 31, 1987
1181:June 20, 1988 to January 5, 1990
1012:Dorothea Fonseca Furquim Werneck
976:August 7, 1987 to March 15, 1990
966:April 30, 1987 to August 7, 1987
955:March 15, 1985 to April 30, 1987
844:March 15, 1985 to March 15, 1990
663:March 15, 1985 to March 15, 1990
650:August 9, 1989 to March 15, 1990
508:Francisco Oswaldo Neves Dornelles
497:The minister was an Army General
494:March 15, 1985 to March 15, 1990
312:March 15, 1985 to March 15, 1990
177:(average of 4.54%) and 12.51% in
2594:
2585:
2584:
1332:March 15, 1985 to April 30, 1985
1202:March 15, 1985 to March 23, 1987
1170:Paulo Roberto Coutinho Camarinha
1137:March 15, 1985 to March 15, 1990
1104:Marco Antônio de Oliveira Maciel
1082:March 15, 1985 to March 15, 1990
930:Flávio Rios Peixoto da Silveira
711:July 29, 1988 to March 14, 1990
443:Marco Antônio de Oliveira Maciel
205:The country had been ruled by a
126:
1769:Órgãos da Presidência de Sarney
1267:Paulo de Tarso Lustosa da Costa
1221:May 1, 1987 to January 21, 1988
818:Luiz Carlos Borges da Silveira
722:April 30, 1985 to May 28, 1986
677:Francisco Waldir Pires de Souza
574:Ministry of Industry and Trade
544:May 13, 1987 to March 15, 1990
401:March 15, 1985 to May 9, 1985,
232:with 480 votes against 180 for
168:military dictatorship in Brazil
1038:José Reinaldo Carneiro Tavares
756:June 4, 1987 to July 29, 1988
743:June 2, 1987 to June 4, 1987,
1:
1293:Paulo Brossard de Souza Pinto
1148:José Maria do Amaral Oliveira
1075:Institutional Security Bureau
1026:Affonso Alves de Camargo Neto
905:Roberto Costa de Abreu Sodré
733:May 28, 1986 to June 2, 1987
719:Nélson de Figueiredo Ribeiro
688:Raphael de Almeida Magalhães
666:The minister was an admiral.
630:Paulo Brossard de Souza Pinto
1976:. 2008-10-04. Archived from
1922:. 2010-07-28. Archived from
1893:. 2009-04-13. Archived from
1864:. 2019-02-14. Archived from
1787:. 2009-11-19. Archived from
1607:. 2006-11-16. Archived from
1379:Constituent Assembly of 1988
1329:Nélson de Figueiredo Ribeiro
1326:National Land Policy Program
1186:Jonas de Morais Correia Neto
1130:National Information Service
852:Ministry of Mines and Energy
697:Renato Bayma Archer da Silva
353:Renato Bayma Archer da Silva
1695:www.historiabrasileira.com/
1502:International Monetary Fund
1478:Luís Carlos Bresser-Pereira
889:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
552:Luiz Humberto Prisco Viana
540:Maílson Ferreira da Nóbrega
472:Hugo Napoleão do Rego Neto
429:Hugo Napoleão do Rego Neto
398:José Aparecido de Oliveira
309:Octávio Júlio Moreira Lima
211:Civil-Military Coup of 1964
59:
2657:
1846:(in Brazilian Portuguese).
1724:almanaque.folha.uol.com.br
1629:(in Brazilian Portuguese).
1429:
1345:
1145:Armed Forces General Staff
1121:Luís Roberto Andrade Ponte
1021:Ministry of Transportation
835:Ministry of Communications
730:Dante Martins de Oliveira
2552:
1974:www.desempregozero.org.br
1951:(in Brazilian Portuguese)
1750:(in Brazilian Portuguese)
1310:Sebastião Batista Affonso
1287:
1278:
1223:
1217:
1209:
1204:
1193:
1153:
1144:
1098:
1089:
1032:
1019:
991:
980:
957:
948:
935:
926:
900:
887:
879:Vicente Cavalcante Fialho
863:
850:
805:
794:
785:Leopoldo Pacheco Bessone
764:Jader Fontenelle Barbalho
715:
707:Jader Fontenelle Barbalho
683:
670:
647:José Saulo Pereira Ramos
624:
611:
588:José Hugo Castelo Branco
582:
573:
551:
514:
501:
491:Leônidas Pires Gonçalves
464:Aloísio Guimarães Sotero
449:
436:
406:
392:
366:Luiz Henrique da Silveira
359:
346:
332:
319:
294:Vicente Cavalcante Fialho
156:President of the Republic
144:presidency of José Sarney
134:Standard of the president
122:
102:
49:Presidency of José Sarney
45:
41:
32:
2397:Emílio Garrastazu Médici
1432:Hyperinflation in Brazil
1302:José Saulo Pereira Ramos
1210:Aníbal Teixeira de Souza
1093:José Hugo Castelo Branco
996:Erós Antônio de Almeida
986:Almir Pazzianotto Pinto
810:Roberto Figueira Santos
775:Lázaro Ferreira Barboza
753:Marcos de Barros Freire
596:Luiz André Rico Vicente
577:Roberto Herbster Gusmão
375:Luiz André Rico Vicente
306:Ministry of Aeronautics
158:until his succession by
1555:Accusations of endemic
455:Jorge Konder Bornhausen
321:Ministry of Agriculture
2631:Presidencies of Brazil
1811:"Constituição de 1988"
1605:www.presidencia.gov.br
1488:
1453:unemployment insurance
1373:
1357:
1348:Constitution of Brazil
1253:Décio Leal de Zagottis
916:Roberto Cardoso Alves
604:Roberto Cardoso Alves
520:Dilson Domingos Funaro
420:Celso Monteiro Furtado
202:
148:José Sarney government
2345:Military dictatorship
1486:
1371:
1355:
1228:João Batista de Abreu
949:Ministry of Interior
740:Iris Rezende Machado
488:Ministry of the Army
438:Ministry of Education
207:military dictatorship
196:
2621:Presidents of Brazil
2577:New elections held;
2303:Juscelino Kubitschek
2026:Presidents of Brazil
1611:on 16 November 2006.
1134:Ivan de Sousa Mendes
1004:Ronaldo Costa Couto
952:Ronaldo Costa Couto
941:Deni Lineu Schwartz
869:Iris Rezende Machado
618:Fernando Soares Lyra
338:Iris Rezende Machado
217:". Military officer
154:'s first mandate as
18:Presidency of Sarney
2483:Fernando H. Cardoso
2262:Eurico Gaspar Dutra
1862:www.suapesquisa.com
1545:Portuguese language
1506:Ministry of Finance
1462:Chamber of Deputies
1113:Ronaldo Costa Couto
1056:
639:Oscar Dias Correia
613:Ministry of Justice
503:Ministry of Finance
394:Ministry of Culture
256:
60:Vice President
2060:Prudente de Morais
2045:Deodoro da Fonseca
1920:virgula.uol.com.br
1645:data.worldbank.org
1510:Maílson da Nóbrega
1489:
1374:
1358:
1318:Clóvis Ferro Costa
1162:Paulo Campos Paiva
1079:Rubens Bayma Denys
1060:President's office
1052:President's office
1048:
982:Ministry of Labour
958:Ministry extinct.
796:Ministry of Health
725:Ministry extinct.
569:Ministry extinct.
301:Ministry extinct.
248:
244:Ministers of State
203:
146:, also called the
2608:
2607:
2444:never took office
2251:Populist Republic
2193:Isaías de Noronha
2163:never took office
2113:never took office
2097:Hermes da Fonseca
1383:Ulysses Guimarães
1363:communist parties
1342:Redemocratization
1339:
1338:
1046:
1045:
326:Pedro Jorge Simon
179:per capita income
140:
139:
16:(Redirected from
2648:
2598:
2597:
2588:
2587:
2562:Died in office;
2356:Ranieri Mazzilli
2322:Ranieri Mazzilli
2054:Floriano Peixoto
2019:
2012:
2005:
1996:
1989:
1988:
1986:
1985:
1966:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1956:
1941:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1931:
1912:
1906:
1905:
1903:
1902:
1883:
1877:
1876:
1874:
1873:
1854:
1848:
1847:
1836:
1830:
1829:
1827:
1826:
1817:. Archived from
1806:
1800:
1799:
1797:
1796:
1777:
1771:
1766:
1760:
1759:
1757:
1755:
1740:
1734:
1733:
1731:
1730:
1716:
1710:
1709:
1707:
1706:
1697:. Archived from
1686:
1680:
1679:
1677:
1675:
1661:
1655:
1654:
1652:
1651:
1637:
1631:
1630:
1619:
1613:
1612:
1597:
1580:
1574:
1416:Direct elections
1402:the role of the
1365:were legalized.
1057:
972:João Alves Filho
660:Henrique Saboia
656:Ministry of Navy
411:Aluísio Pimenta
257:
130:
52:
50:
37:
30:
21:
2656:
2655:
2651:
2650:
2649:
2647:
2646:
2645:
2626:1980s in Brazil
2611:
2610:
2609:
2604:
2548:
2547:
2460:Collor de Mello
2431:
2423:
2422:
2417:João Figueiredo
2347:
2339:
2338:
2253:
2245:
2221:
2213:
2177:
2175:Second Republic
2169:
2168:
2144:Washington Luís
2134:Artur Bernardes
2128:Epitácio Pessoa
2109:Rodrigues Alves
2076:Rodrigues Alves
2036:
2028:
2023:
1993:
1992:
1983:
1981:
1968:
1967:
1963:
1954:
1952:
1943:
1942:
1938:
1929:
1927:
1914:
1913:
1909:
1900:
1898:
1887:"Plano Cruzado"
1885:
1884:
1880:
1871:
1869:
1856:
1855:
1851:
1838:
1837:
1833:
1824:
1822:
1808:
1807:
1803:
1794:
1792:
1779:
1778:
1774:
1767:
1763:
1753:
1751:
1742:
1741:
1737:
1728:
1726:
1718:
1717:
1713:
1704:
1702:
1688:
1687:
1683:
1673:
1671:
1663:
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1658:
1649:
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1639:
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1634:
1621:
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1616:
1599:
1598:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1583:
1575:
1571:
1566:
1553:
1525:
1434:
1428:
1350:
1344:
1156:
1055:
266:Term of office
255:
246:
223:João Figueiredo
191:
160:Fernando Collor
136:
135:
132:
131:
118:
117:
116:
113:Collor de Mello
110:
108:João Figueiredo
97:Alvorada Palace
66:
61:
53:
48:
46:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2654:
2652:
2644:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2613:
2612:
2606:
2605:
2603:
2602:
2592:
2553:
2550:
2549:
2546:
2545:
2535:
2528:Jair Bolsonaro
2525:
2515:
2503:Dilma Rousseff
2500:
2490:
2480:
2470:
2457:
2447:
2440:Tancredo Neves
2436:
2435:
2433:
2432:(1985–present)
2425:
2424:
2421:
2420:
2414:
2407:Ernesto Geisel
2404:
2394:
2391:Military Junta
2388:
2378:
2369:
2362:Castelo Branco
2359:
2352:
2351:
2349:
2341:
2340:
2337:
2336:
2325:
2319:
2310:
2300:
2294:
2288:
2282:
2272:Getúlio Vargas
2269:
2258:
2257:
2255:
2247:
2246:
2244:
2243:
2237:
2229:Getúlio Vargas
2225:
2223:
2215:
2214:
2212:
2211:
2203:Getúlio Vargas
2200:
2185:Military Junta
2181:
2179:
2171:
2170:
2167:
2166:
2156:
2141:
2131:
2125:
2119:Delfim Moreira
2116:
2106:
2103:Venceslau Brás
2100:
2094:
2088:
2079:
2073:
2063:
2057:
2051:
2041:
2040:
2038:
2030:
2029:
2024:
2022:
2021:
2014:
2007:
1999:
1991:
1990:
1961:
1936:
1907:
1878:
1849:
1831:
1801:
1772:
1761:
1735:
1711:
1681:
1656:
1632:
1614:
1591:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1577:Tancredo Neves
1568:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1552:
1549:
1541:Castelo Branco
1524:
1523:Foreign policy
1521:
1498:Rio de Janeiro
1466:Federal Senate
1430:Main article:
1427:
1424:
1346:Main article:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1323:
1322:
1319:
1315:
1314:
1311:
1307:
1306:
1303:
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1243:
1240:
1237:
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1229:
1225:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1215:
1214:
1211:
1207:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1195:
1191:
1190:
1187:
1183:
1182:
1179:
1175:
1174:
1171:
1167:
1166:
1163:
1159:
1158:
1152:
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1146:
1142:
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1138:
1135:
1132:
1126:
1125:
1122:
1118:
1117:
1114:
1110:
1109:
1106:
1100:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1087:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1071:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1063:Chief Minister
1061:
1049:
1044:
1043:
1040:
1034:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1023:
1017:
1016:
1013:
1009:
1008:
1005:
1001:
1000:
997:
993:
992:
990:
987:
984:
978:
977:
974:
968:
967:
964:
960:
959:
956:
953:
950:
946:
945:
942:
938:
937:
934:
931:
928:
924:
923:
920:
917:
914:
910:
909:
906:
902:
901:
899:
896:
891:
885:
884:
881:
875:
874:
871:
865:
864:
862:
859:
854:
848:
847:
845:
842:
837:
831:
830:
827:
826:Seigo Tsuzuki
823:
822:
819:
815:
814:
811:
807:
806:
804:
801:
798:
792:
791:
789:
786:
782:
781:
779:
776:
772:
771:
769:
766:
760:
759:
757:
754:
750:
749:
747:
741:
737:
736:
734:
731:
727:
726:
723:
720:
717:
713:
712:
709:
703:
702:
699:
693:
692:
689:
685:
684:
682:
679:
674:
668:
667:
664:
661:
658:
652:
651:
648:
644:
643:
640:
636:
635:
632:
626:
625:
623:
620:
615:
609:
608:
605:
601:
600:
597:
593:
592:
589:
585:
584:
581:
578:
575:
571:
570:
567:
564:
560:
559:
556:
553:
550:
546:
545:
542:
536:
535:
532:
526:
525:
522:
516:
515:
513:
510:
505:
499:
498:
495:
492:
489:
485:
484:
481:
477:
476:
473:
469:
468:
465:
461:
460:
457:
451:
450:
448:
445:
440:
434:
433:
430:
426:
425:
422:
416:
415:
412:
408:
407:
405:
399:
396:
390:
389:
386:
380:
379:
376:
372:
371:
368:
362:
361:
358:
355:
350:
344:
343:
340:
334:
333:
331:
328:
323:
317:
316:
313:
310:
307:
303:
302:
299:
296:
291:
287:
286:
283:
280:
275:
271:
270:
267:
264:
261:
249:
245:
242:
227:Tancredo Neves
219:Ernesto Geisel
190:
187:
164:Tancredo Neves
138:
137:
133:
125:
124:
120:
119:
111:
105:
104:
103:
100:
99:
94:
88:
87:
82:
78:
77:
72:
68:
67:
64:
62:
56:
55:
43:
42:
39:
38:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2653:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2601:
2593:
2591:
2583:
2582:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2568:
2565:
2561:
2557:
2554:End of term:
2551:
2543:
2539:
2538:Lula da Silva
2536:
2533:
2529:
2526:
2523:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2513:
2508:
2504:
2501:
2498:
2494:
2493:Lula da Silva
2491:
2488:
2484:
2481:
2478:
2474:
2473:Itamar Franco
2471:
2469:
2465:
2461:
2458:
2455:
2451:
2448:
2445:
2441:
2438:
2437:
2434:
2430:
2426:
2418:
2415:
2412:
2408:
2405:
2402:
2398:
2395:
2392:
2389:
2386:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2373:
2372:Costa e Silva
2370:
2367:
2363:
2360:
2357:
2354:
2353:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2335:
2334:
2329:
2326:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2314:
2313:Jânio Quadros
2311:
2308:
2304:
2301:
2298:
2295:
2292:
2289:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2277:
2273:
2270:
2267:
2263:
2260:
2259:
2256:
2252:
2248:
2241:
2240:José Linhares
2238:
2236:
2235:
2230:
2227:
2226:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2210:
2209:
2204:
2201:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2189:Tasso Fragoso
2186:
2183:
2182:
2180:
2176:
2172:
2164:
2160:
2159:Júlio Prestes
2157:
2155:
2154:
2149:
2145:
2142:
2139:
2135:
2132:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2110:
2107:
2104:
2101:
2098:
2095:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2083:
2080:
2077:
2074:
2071:
2067:
2064:
2061:
2058:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2046:
2043:
2042:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2020:
2015:
2013:
2008:
2006:
2001:
2000:
1997:
1980:on 2008-10-04
1979:
1975:
1971:
1965:
1962:
1950:
1949:Brasil Escola
1946:
1940:
1937:
1926:on 2010-07-28
1925:
1921:
1917:
1911:
1908:
1897:on 2009-04-13
1896:
1892:
1891:Memória Globo
1888:
1882:
1879:
1868:on 2019-02-14
1867:
1863:
1859:
1853:
1850:
1845:
1844:Brasil Escola
1841:
1835:
1832:
1821:on 2012-06-01
1820:
1816:
1812:
1805:
1802:
1791:on 2009-11-19
1790:
1786:
1782:
1776:
1773:
1770:
1765:
1762:
1749:
1745:
1744:"Ministérios"
1739:
1736:
1725:
1721:
1715:
1712:
1701:on 2016-03-21
1700:
1696:
1692:
1685:
1682:
1670:
1666:
1660:
1657:
1646:
1642:
1636:
1633:
1628:
1627:Brasil Escola
1624:
1618:
1615:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1596:
1593:
1586:
1578:
1573:
1570:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1551:Controversies
1550:
1548:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1522:
1520:
1518:
1513:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1485:
1481:
1479:
1475:
1474:Dílson Funaro
1471:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1437:
1433:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1417:
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1407:
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1400:
1396:
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1388:
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1354:
1349:
1341:
1334:
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1328:
1325:
1324:
1320:
1317:
1316:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1304:
1301:
1300:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1290:
1284:
1281:
1277:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1248:
1244:
1241:
1239:Aluísio Alves
1238:
1235:
1234:
1230:
1227:
1226:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1177:
1176:
1172:
1169:
1168:
1164:
1161:
1160:
1157:
1150:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1127:
1123:
1120:
1119:
1115:
1112:
1111:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1101:
1095:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1072:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1054:
1053:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1035:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1006:
1003:
1002:
998:
995:
994:
988:
985:
983:
979:
975:
973:
970:
969:
965:
962:
961:
954:
951:
947:
943:
940:
939:
932:
929:
925:
921:
918:
915:
912:
911:
907:
904:
903:
897:
895:
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890:
886:
882:
880:
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867:
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828:
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790:
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579:
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541:
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318:
314:
311:
308:
305:
304:
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297:
295:
292:
289:
288:
284:
281:
279:
278:Aluízio Alves
276:
273:
272:
268:
265:
262:
259:
258:
254:
253:
243:
241:
237:
235:
231:
228:
224:
220:
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195:
188:
186:
184:
180:
176:
171:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
129:
121:
115: →
114:
109:
106:←
101:
98:
95:
93:
89:
86:
83:
79:
76:
73:
69:
63:
58:
57:
51:
44:
40:
36:
31:
19:
2578:
2574:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2542:2023–present
2518:Michel Temer
2510:
2467:
2453:
2443:
2429:New Republic
2384:
2381:Pedro Aleixo
2375:
2374:(1967–1969)
2331:
2330:(1961–1964)
2328:João Goulart
2316:
2279:
2232:
2231:(1937–1945)
2206:
2205:(1930–1937)
2197:Mena Barreto
2162:
2151:
2122:
2121:(1918–1919)
2112:
2091:Nilo Peçanha
2085:
2084:(1906–1909)
2066:Campos Sales
2048:
2047:(1889–1891)
2034:Old Republic
1982:. Retrieved
1978:the original
1973:
1964:
1953:. Retrieved
1948:
1939:
1928:. Retrieved
1924:the original
1919:
1910:
1899:. Retrieved
1895:the original
1890:
1881:
1870:. Retrieved
1866:the original
1861:
1852:
1843:
1834:
1823:. Retrieved
1819:the original
1815:educacao.uol
1814:
1804:
1793:. Retrieved
1789:the original
1784:
1775:
1764:
1752:. Retrieved
1747:
1738:
1727:. Retrieved
1723:
1714:
1703:. Retrieved
1699:the original
1694:
1684:
1674:February 26,
1672:. Retrieved
1668:
1659:
1648:. Retrieved
1644:
1635:
1626:
1617:
1609:the original
1604:
1595:
1572:
1554:
1526:
1517:Cruzado Novo
1514:
1490:
1441:Cruzado Plan
1438:
1435:
1420:Boris Fausto
1408:
1404:Armed Forces
1375:
1359:
1155:
1090:Civil Office
1051:
1050:
744:
402:
251:
250:
238:
204:
172:
147:
143:
141:
47:
2567:Coup d'état
2450:José Sarney
2419:(1979–1985)
2299:(1955–1956)
2297:Nereu Ramos
2287:(1954–1955)
2242:(1945–1946)
2219:Estado Novo
2130:(1919–1922)
2105:(1914–1918)
2099:(1910–1914)
2093:(1909–1910)
2082:Afonso Pena
2078:(1902–1906)
2062:(1894–1898)
2056:(1891–1894)
2037:(1889–1930)
1754:December 6,
384:Ralph Biasi
234:Paulo Maluf
2615:Categories
2581:Impeached
2558:Resigned;
2385:posthumous
2291:Carlos Luz
2285:Café Filho
1984:2008-10-04
1955:2012-01-20
1930:2012-01-19
1901:2012-01-19
1872:2012-01-19
1825:2012-01-15
1795:2012-01-13
1748:Biblioteca
1729:2012-01-13
1705:2012-01-16
1669:www.r7.com
1650:2017-06-16
1587:References
1557:corruption
1439:Under the
1198:João Sayad
252:Ministries
215:Diretas Já
209:since the
189:Background
2571:self-coup
2532:2019–2023
2522:2016–2019
2507:2011–2016
2497:2003–2011
2487:1995–2003
2477:1992–1995
2464:1990–1992
2454:1985–1990
2411:1974–1979
2401:1969–1974
2366:1964–1967
2348:(1964–85)
2307:1956–1961
2276:1951–1954
2266:1946–1951
2254:(1946–64)
2222:(1937–46)
2178:(1930–37)
2148:1926–1930
2138:1922–1926
2070:1898–1902
1494:São Paulo
263:Minister
260:Ministry
183:inflation
2590:Category
2199:) (1930)
1529:Cold War
1445:cruzeiro
199:Brasília
81:Election
2315:(1961)
1458:Sergipe
1449:cruzado
1426:Economy
1412:torture
201:(1984).
2393:(1969)
2358:(1964)
2324:(1961)
2293:(1955)
1533:Brazil
1443:, the
1069:Notes
269:Notes
1564:Notes
71:Party
2600:List
1756:2018
1676:2018
1537:Cuba
1535:and
1496:and
1470:agio
1387:PMDB
1066:Term
142:The
92:Seat
85:1985
75:PMDB
65:None
2569:or
1399:PDS
1395:PTB
1391:PFL
175:GDP
2617::
2573:;
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2466:)
2278:)
2195:,
2191:,
2150:)
1972:.
1947:.
1918:.
1889:.
1860:.
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1785:R7
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1397:,
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170:.
2579:+
2575:‡
2564:×
2560:†
2556:¤
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2524:)
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2018:e
2011:t
2004:v
1987:.
1958:.
1933:.
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1385:(
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