President of Singapore - Knowledge (XXG)

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particular, the PEC must be satisfied that the potential candidates are persons of integrity, good character and reputation; and if they have not previously held certain key government offices or acted as chairman of the board of directors or CEO of a company incorporated or registered under the Companies Act with shareholders' equity of at least $ 500 million, that they held a position of comparable seniority and responsibility in the public or private sector that has given them experience and ability in administering and managing financial affairs. The PEC consists of the chairman of the

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total number of electors registered to vote overseas is less than the difference between the number of votes for the two candidates with the highest number of votes. If so, the returning officer declares the candidate with the highest number of votes to be elected as president. If not, the overseas votes may be decisive. The returning officer then states the number of votes cast for each candidate and the date and location where the overseas votes will be counted.

277: 3620: 1473:'s term or if the president is for some reason unable to complete their term; for example, due to death, resignation, or removal from office for misconduct or mental or physical infirmity. If the office of president becomes vacant before the incumbent's term expires, a poll for an election must be held within six months. In other cases, an election can take place any time from three months before the expiry of the incumbent's term of office. 2304: 1596:'s turnouts of 94.80% and 95.81%, respectively. The Elections Department published the overseas vote count on 12 September. Only 3,799 votes were accepted for counting, of which only 78 votes were rejected. Tharman Shanmugaratnam, Ng Kok Song, and Tan Kin Lian garnered 2,834, 595, and 292 votes, respectively, which saw only a 0.01% change in Tharman's and Tan's respective voting percentages. ELD also said that 2,997 1455: 591: 1741:, do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully discharge my duties as such to the best of my ability without fear or favour, affection or ill-will, and without regard to any previous affiliation with any political party, and that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the Republic, and that I will preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore. 2179: 1827:

household expenses (Class III) is $ 2,762,308, an increase from $ 694,000. This allowance is used to cover the maintenance of the Istana, vehicles, utilities and other supplies, as well as for ceremonies and celebrations. The increase was to cater for higher expenses for maintaining computer systems, buildings and land, and to account for inflation.

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Constitution, Arts. 22(3) and (4). The Legislature can pass a law requiring the President to act after consultation with, or on the recommendation of, any person or body of persons other than the Cabinet in the exercise of their functions other than those exercisable in his personal discretion or in

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Class IV expenses for "special services" are $ 550,000. In previous years, this sum was used to cover various expenses such as the cost of replacing state cars and installing a new document repository. Overall, the current civil list of $ 9,491,100 represents a decrease of about 18% from the sum for

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In addition, candidates must obtain political donation certificates from the registrar of political donations stating that they have complied with the Political Donations Act, and file their nomination papers with the returning officer on nomination day. A deposit must also be paid. The candidate is

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Constitution, Arts. 22L(1)(a) to (c). The office of President also becomes vacant if it is determined that the election of the President was void and no other person was duly elected as President, or if on the expiration of the incumbent's term the person declared elected as President fails to take

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The person elected to the office of president assumes office on the day his predecessor ceases to hold office or, if the office is vacant, on the day following the election. Upon assumption of office, the president is required to take and subscribe in the presence of the chief justice or of another

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In November 2016, further amendments provide for "reserved elections" for a particular racial group (Chinese, Malay and Indian/other minority) — if that community has not been represented for five presidential terms. Other amendments were made to expand the list of key government companies eligible

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to invest moneys belonging to it; and the borrowing of money, the giving of any guarantee or the raising of any loan by the government if in the president's opinion the bill is likely to draw on reserves not accumulated by the Government during its current term of office. In addition, the president

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The disqualification of a person under clauses (d) and (e) may be removed by the President and shall, if not so removed, cease at the end of five years beginning from the date on which the return mentioned in clause (d) was required to be lodged or, as the case may be, the date on which the person

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during a press conference and congratulated Tharman, stating that there was a clear result and there was no need to wait for the final results. At about 23:30, Tan congratulated Tharman, but refused to concede until the actual results were announced. The local results were announced at about 00:23

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may ask the returning officer for a recount of votes if the difference between the number of votes for the candidate with the most votes and any other candidate's number of votes is 2% or less. After all counts, and recounts if any, have been completed, the returning officer ascertains whether the

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specifying the date and place of nomination day. Potential candidates must obtain certificates of eligibility from the Presidential Elections Committee (PEC), the function of which is to ensure that such persons have the necessary qualifications to be nominated as a candidate for the election. In

1319:(g) being disqualified under any law relating to offences in connection with elections to Parliament or the office of President by reason of having been convicted of such an offence or having in proceedings relating to such an election been proved guilty of an act constituting such an offence. 1826:

explained that this sum was to cater for the salaries of an additional staff officer to support the work of the Council of Presidential Advisers, and a butler manager; and to meet higher variable staff salary payments due to the nation's strong economic growth. The allowance for the Istana's

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However, the president is able to exercise some powers in their personal discretion such as preventing the government of the day from drawing on the reserves which were not accumulated during its current term of office, revoking or appointing any of the public offices under Article 22 of the

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accredited to Singapore present their credentials to the president, and the president is called upon by visiting foreign dignitaries. In addition, the president contributes to the nation's external relations by undertaking overseas trips on Cabinet's advice. The president also serves as the

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or of a minister acting under the general authority of the Cabinet. In addition, the president is required to consult the Council of Presidential Advisers (CPA) when performing some of their functions. In other cases, they may consult the CPA if they wish to but is not bound to do so.

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of Singapore. In addition to being the head of state, it is also the function of the president to safeguard the national reserves and the integrity of the public service of Singapore. The executive authority of Singapore is vested in the president and exercisable by them or by the

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10,000 (or equivalent in foreign currency) and having not received a free pardon. The person if convicted by a foreign court of law shall not be disqualified unless the offence is also one which, had it been committed in Singapore, would have been punishable by a court of law in

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may withhold assent to any Supply Bill, Supplementary Supply Bill or Final Supply Bill for any financial year if in their opinion the estimates of revenue and expenditure, supplementary estimates or statement of excess are likely to lead to a drawing on past reserves.

1816:"), an entertainment allowance ($ 73,000) and an allowance for an acting president ($ 4,500), is $ 1,646,400. The privy purse was reduced from $ 4,267,500 after the president accepted the Ministerial Salaries Review Committee's recommendations on the matter. 818:

from 1979 to 1981, prior to his presidency, who then resigned in 1985. Whilst the apparent reason for Nair's resignation was to seek recovery from his alcoholism, Nair disputes the account, claiming that he was forced out of office by former Prime Minister

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to draw $ 4.9 billion from past financial reserves to meet current budget expenditure, the first time it had done so. The sum was used to fund the government's Resilience Package consisting of two schemes aimed at preserving jobs and businesses during the

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for the maintenance of the president, and it does so by way of the Civil List and Gratuity Act. With effect from 17 February 2012, the sum under Class I of the list, which includes the president's personal pay ($ 1,568,900, known by the British term the

1305:(d) having been nominated for election to Parliament or the office of President or having acted as election agent to a person so nominated, failing to lodge any return of election expenses required by law within the time and in the manner so required; 1778:

In the case when the president is unable to perform their duties, their powers are temporarily transferred to the chairman of the Council of Presidential Advisers (CPA). If the chairman of the Council of Presidential Advisers is not available, the

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became worried that there would one day be a "freak election result" where the PAP would no longer have control over the Parliament and opposition parties would have unfettered access to the government's reserves. As such, in January 1991, a

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for the candidacy, and, for candidates using their private sector experience, the use of $ 500 million of shareholder equity instead of $ 100 million in paid-up capital. The changes went into effect in April 2017. Prime Minister

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In November 2023, the parliament of Singapore passed a bill to amend the constitution to allow the President of Singapore to hold international positions in their private capacity, only if the position is of national interest.

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A person shall not be disqualified under this clause by reason only of anything done by him before he became a citizen of Singapore: Constitution, Art. 45(2). In clause (f), "foreign country" does not include any part of the

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without opening them. Candidates or their polling agents may also affix their own seals to the ballot boxes. The ballot boxes are then taken to counting centres to be opened and the ballots counted. A candidate or his or her

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as the first elected president on the basis that he held and exercised the powers of the elected president. This was a result of transitional provisions in the Constitution of Singapore in 2017, which were affirmed by the

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had been downloaded and 2,263 mails were received as of the cut-off date of 11 September, of which only 1,345 had been accepted. The final turnout was 2,534,711, increasing its percentage by 0.14%, from 93.41% to 93.55%.

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of the day to draw down reserves that it did not accumulate. Thus, a guarantee may only be given or a loan raised by the government if the president concurs, and their approval is also needed for budgets of specified

827:, who served as the Ambassador of South Korea and Japan from 1980 to 1984 prior to his presidency until 1993 and was the first president to exercise custodial powers pursuant to the constitutional amendments in 1991. 1108:

Presidents have also used the office to champion charitable causes. Wee Kim Wee promoted sports and volunteerism; Ong Teng Cheong promoted culture and the arts, particularly music; and S. R. Nathan established the

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In 2016, further amendments to the Constitution were passed providing for "reserved elections" for a particular ethnic community, if that community has not provided a president in the past five presidential terms.

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is a vote that is permitted to be cast by a person claiming to be a voter named in the electoral register who turns up at a polling station after someone also claiming to be that voter has already voted: s.

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The president must be resident in Singapore at the date of their nomination for election, and must have been so resident for periods amounting in the aggregate to not less than ten years prior to that date.

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The president also possesses personal discretion to withhold assent to any bill in Parliament providing directly or indirectly for the direct or indirect variation, changing or increase in powers of the

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from 2013 to 2017, prior to her presidency, took office on 14 September 2017. She was the sole eligible candidate under the new reform terms which took effect earlier that year. Yacob was also the first

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Sample counts were announced at about 22:42 and showed that Tharman Shanmugaratnam was leading with 70% of the votes, followed by Ng Kok Song with 16%, and Tan Kin Lian with 14%. At about 23:15, Ng

917:, who served as the Ambassador of the United States from 1990 to 1996 prior to his presidency. He ran unopposed, and became president by virtue of being the sole candidate deemed qualified by the 4414: 7070: 1012:" in the Cabinet. In most cases, the president is bound to exercise their powers in accordance with the advice of the Cabinet or of a minister acting under the general authority of the Cabinet. 2755: 6036: 3651: 2857: 6168: 4262: 4150: 1420:

which has given him such experience and ability in administering and managing financial affairs as to enable him to carry out effectively the functions and duties of the office of president.

1061:, the president is also jointly vested with legislative authority. The president's primary role in the exercise of legislative power to make laws is assenting to bills passed by Parliament. 2914: 1308:(e) having been convicted of an offence by a court of law (whether in Singapore or not) and sentenced to imprisonment for a term of not less than one year or to a fine of not less than 1230:, was marked by the differences between the government and him, concerning the extent of his discretionary fiscal powers. Discussions culminated in the government issuing a non-binding 5710: 5170: 1529:

declared to have been elected president if only one candidate is nominated. Otherwise, the returning officer issues a notice of contested election specifying when polling day will be.

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The powers of the president are divided into those which the president may exercise in their own discretion, and those which must be exercised in accordance with the advice of the

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and undue influence. Legal changes introduced in 2010 made the eve of polling day a "cooling-off day" – campaigning must not take place on that day and on polling day itself.

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convicted as mentioned in clause (e) was released from custody or the date on which the fine mentioned in clause (1) (e) was imposed on such person: Constitution, Art. 45(2).

2883: 1316:(f) having voluntarily acquired the citizenship of, or exercised rights of citizenship in, a foreign country, or having made a declaration of allegiance to a foreign country; 1114: 690:. The initial role of the president was largely ceremonial and symbolic, carrying residual powers, but the role was later vested with some executive power which includes the 7129: 6011: 5636: 5503: 6856: 3690: 2966: 4536:

Elgin Toh (1 September 2017), "Pillay takes on role of acting president: CPA chairman will fill post until after Polling Day on Sept 23, or Nomination Day on Sept 13",

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The office of the President of the Republic of Singapore was created on 22 December 1965, retrospective to 9 August 1965, on which Singapore achieved independence from

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The Principles for Determining and Safeguarding the Accumulated Reserves of the Government and the Fifth Schedule Statutory Boards and Government Companies

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in any other similar or comparable position of seniority and responsibility in any other organisation or department of equivalent size or complexity in the

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The Principles for Determining and Safeguarding the Accumulated Reserves of the Government and the Fifth Schedule Statutory Boards and Government Companies

468: 6432: 4175: 3336: 6129: 5911: 5899: 5754: 5534: 5223: 2649: 1536:, whichever is greater. Permits must be obtained to hold election meetings and display posters and banners, and a number of acts are unlawful, including 4424: 3121: 1446:

later explained that while he expected the "reserved election" policy to be unpopular among the population, he believed it was "the right thing to do".

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Safeguarding Financial Assets and the Integrity of the Public Services: The Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment No. 3) Bill [

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A person who wishes to run for the office of president has to fulfil stringent qualifications set out in the Constitution, which are as follows:

921:(PEC). He served his first term of office from 1999 to 2005 before being re-elected unopposed again for a second term, and he served until 2011. 2501: 1076:

with an address drafted by the Cabinet setting out the government's agenda for the session, and may address Parliament and send messages to it.

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are: "Be it enacted by the president with the advice and consent of the Parliament of Singapore, as follows:". The president usually opens each

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Constitution, Art. 22G. The Corrupt Practices Investigation Bureau's powers of investigation derive from the Prevention of Corruption Act (

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As the president exercises this constitutional function in accordance with the Cabinet's advice and not in their personal discretion except in

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The president holds office for a term of six years from the date on which they assume office. The office falls vacant upon the expiry of the

1398: 1356: 1212:(MP) who, in their opinion, is likely to command the confidence of a majority of MPs. The president has certain powers of oversight over the 1193: 373: 6203: 5965: 5354: 5117: 2737: 2523: 1134: 871: 370: 223: 4285: 1783:

performs the duties of the president. If both are unavailable the presidential functions are performed by an individual appointed by the

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Assuming a writ for a presidential election has not yet been issued before the vacation of office or, if it has been issued, has been

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Ng, Ya Ken (28 July 2011), "Stick to Constitution: 'State what contributions they would render in the purview, if elected' ",

3682: 2510: 1493:, who is also the chairman of the PEC, the chairman of the Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority, and a member of the 7177: 6327: 6274: 6122: 6041: 5527: 5369: 5342: 614: 577: 258: 5949: 2506: 1039: 3395:"Concerns about economy go back to mid-2008: President makes public for first time his decision to allow use of reserves", 3384: 2380: 1819:

The salaries for the president's personal staff (Class II) amount to $ 4,532,400. Speaking in Parliament on 10 March 2011,

6953: 6918: 6766: 6738: 6576: 6499: 6364: 5584: 5296: 4974: 3337:"'I had a job to do' whether the Government liked it or not, says ex-President Ong – extended interview with Roger Mitton" 2597: 1375: 1352: 1189: 1021: 377: 7022: 6987: 6924: 6611: 6511: 6450: 6244: 6229: 6193: 5944: 5921: 5646: 5621: 5410: 5397: 4726:

Report of the Select Committee on the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment No. 3) Bill (Bill No. 23/90)

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by a narrow margin in a four-cornered fight. He was sworn in as the seventh president of Singapore on 1 September 2011.

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process, as well as to revoke and appoint public service appointments among other powers listed in the Constitution.

3817: 2503: 1036:(CPIB) and decisions of the Executive under the Internal Security Act and the Maintenance of Religious Harmony Act. 7037: 7007: 6977: 6761: 6269: 6249: 6163: 5889: 5846: 5641: 5427: 5405: 5263: 2528: 2505: 2081: 1344: 1185: 1017: 744:. Another constitutional amendment was made in 2016, that allows for a presidential election to be reserved for an 502: 494: 3329:), Ministerial Statement, "Issues Raised by President Ong Teng Cheong at his Press Conference on 16th July 1999", 2439: 79: 7047: 7012: 6879: 6809: 6776: 6751: 6696: 6691: 6649: 6596: 6546: 6349: 6317: 6115: 6026: 5926: 5856: 5681: 5668: 5658: 5520: 5422: 5347: 5215: 5160: 4878:

Gwee, Kim Leng (28 July 2011), "People's voice: 'If Mr Tan wanted it his way, he should have stood in the GE' ",

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or any minister authorised by the Cabinet. However, the Constitution vests "general direction and control of the

848: 752: 745: 686:"Lord of the State") was created. The office was later succeeded by the President of Singapore after Singapore's 552: 311: 298: 4622:

Lee, Yvonne C.L. (2007), "Under Lock and Key: The Evolving Role of the Elected President as a Fiscal Guardian",

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and revoke or appoint public service appointments. The president can also examine the government's usage of the

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In Singapore, its citizens are organised under the CMIO (Chinese–Malay–Indian–Other) system of categorisation.

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The president has personal discretion as to whether to approve budgets or financial transactions of specified

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Wan, Wai Yee (1994), "Recent Changes to the Westminster System of Government and Government Accountability",

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During the election period, a candidate may not spend more than $ 600,000 or 30 cents for each person on the

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and decisions of the Executive under the Internal Security Act and the Maintenance of Religious Harmony Act.

6889: 6708: 6703: 6644: 6561: 6531: 6470: 6371: 6332: 5936: 5651: 5605: 5569: 5458: 5453: 5415: 5322: 5273: 4729: 4665: 3478: 2828:"Law allows Parliament to count Wee Kim Wee's term in triggering reserved presidential election: High Court" 2509: 1784: 1766: 1367: 1209: 1169: 1164: 1144: 1073: 1065: 1058: 1009: 894: 658: 546: 413: 332: 324: 290: 157: 105: 7002: 6992: 6894: 6674: 6621: 6566: 6541: 6485: 6376: 6359: 6322: 6217: 5894: 5676: 5332: 5051: 4381: 2446: 1898: 1823: 1623: 1574: 1463: 1220: 1094: 976: 903: 784: 764: 760: 678: 565: 433: 429: 87: 31: 4788:

Tan, Kevin Y L (2009), "State and Institution Building through the Singapore Constitution 1965–2005", in

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The procedure for elections is laid out in the Presidential Elections Act. The process begins when the

1068:, they may not refuse to assent to bills that Parliament has validly passed. The words of enactment in 63: 3903:

PEA, s. 62A(2), inserted by the Presidential Elections (Amendment) Act 2010 (No. 11 of 2010) ("PEAA").

1795: 17: 6949: 6939: 6914: 6795: 6636: 6616: 6556: 6526: 6480: 6400: 6337: 6239: 6150: 6021: 5574: 5286: 2990:"Constitution amended to let president take global roles in private capacity if in national interest" 2796:"TAN CHENG BOCK v ATTORNEY GENERAL [2017] SGHC 160 DECISION DATE: 07 Jul 2017 HC/OS 495/2017" 1459: 1340: 1156: 1005: 737: 729: 463: 4513:, Istana Singapore: Office of the President of the Republic of Singapore, 4 May 2006, archived from 2237: 6659: 6654: 6516: 6445: 6188: 6173: 5996: 3482: 2254: 2133: 1360: 858:, subject to strict eligibility requirements. The president was also empowered by the amendment to 1139: 751:

The president has far-reaching formal obligations and duty to act above party politics. Under the

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assigned to them. After the poll closes, the presiding officer of each polling station seals the

965: 878:(CPIB) to investigate persons for corrupt practices, even if the prime minister refuses consent. 733: 726: 142: 1522: 1219:

Under the Singapore Armed Forces Act, the president has the authority to raise and maintain the

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Liew, Shiau Min (28 July 2011), "Hard to confine an elected president to his custodial role ",

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The Constitution confers on the president certain executive functions to block attempts by the

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The president is also empowered to approve changes to key political appointments, such as the

839: 703: 695: 68: 1223:(SAF). The president also has the power to form, disband or amalgamate units within the SAF. 6909: 6823: 6437: 6354: 5543: 5129: 5016: 1960: 1481: 1402: 1309: 1122: 835: 804: 595: 306: 233: 4752:, Singapore: Printed for the Government of Singapore by Singapore National Printers, 1990, 2677:"PMO | PM Lee Hsien Loong at the Parliamentary Debate on the Constitution (Amendment) Bill" 987:

and was elected the ninth President of Singapore after receiving 70.41% of the votes cast.

910:. Tan appealed against this decision, but the appeal was dismissed by the Court of Appeal. 748:

if no one from that community had been president for the previous five presidential terms.

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The final turnout (excluding the overseas electorate) was 2,530,912 (93.41%), lower than

2303: 7062: 6834: 4938: 4514: 3731: 3364:, Singapore: Printed for the Government of Singapore by the Government Printers, 1999, 2615: 2589: 2102: 2018: 1939: 1557: 1533: 1518: 1510: 1417: 907: 796: 673: 527: 522: 358: 343: 172: 4486: 4113:"PE 2023: Ng Kok Song concedes defeat to Tharman after 'clear result' in sample count" 2937:"Halimah Yacob set to be Singapore's first female president: A timeline of her career" 1454: 7166: 7091: 6871: 5046: 4747: 4357: 4082: 2387: 2085: 1597: 1548: 1413: 1406: 1000: 956: 820: 722: 691: 646: 450: 135: 6728: 5036: 4856: 4822: 4685:

Shared Responsibilities, Unshared Power: The Politics of Policy-making in Singapore

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Ho, Kwon Ping (23 July 2011), "Elected presidency: Navigating uncharted waters ",

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Civil List and Pension Act: Resolution Passed at Parliament Meeting 2012 (

4053:"Singapore presidential poll: counting begins in vote seen as test of PAP support" 2967:"Tharman Shanmugaratnam to be Singapore's 9th President after 70.4% landslide win" 2756:"Tan Cheng Bock's legal challenge on the reserved presidential election explained" 1547:

Polling day is a public holiday, and voting is compulsory. Voters must go to the

5026: 5011: 4789: 4255:"Tharman Shanmugaratnam elected as Singapore's 9th president in 70.4% landslide" 2425: 2282: 2123: 1888: 1813: 1636: 1336:

The president must have for a period of not less than three years held office —

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The Elected Presidency as a Safeguard for Official Reserves: What is at Stake?

2907:"Singaporeans miffed by 'reserved' presidential election – Nikkei Asian Review" 968:

head of state in 47 years since the death of the first president of Singapore,

5021: 4176:"Tharman wins 76% of overseas votes cast in Singapore's Presidential Election" 2178: 2039: 1808: 1569:

The 2023 presidential election was the first election with a ballot since the

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for the most recent three years in that office, and which is profitable after

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The president must not be subject to any of the following disqualifications:

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The president must be a person of integrity, good character and reputation.

803:, became the first President. After his death in 1971, he was succeeded by 4966: 4928:

Foo, Stephanie (30 July 2011), "Why a campaign promise may ring hollow ",

2650:

Republic of Singapore Independence Act (Original Enactment: Act 9 of 1965)

851:

amendment was passed by Parliament to redefine the role of the president.

5041: 3341: 1749:, He or She may utter the phrase in the last sentence, "So help me God". 1541: 941: 925: 780: 654: 2626: 1147:

and state-owned companies that are likely to draw on past reserves. The

6771: 4083:"PE2023 sample count: Tharman tentatively victorious with 70% of votes" 1537: 1438:

being walkovers as only one candidate had qualified on nomination day.

1394:(formerly known as the Government of Singapore Investment Corporation); 1241:

In 2009, the government had to request for the approval from President

767:, who took office on 14 September 2023 after being duly elected in the 4941:(1 August 2011), "Why elected president must be the people's voice ", 4603: 4596: 4342: 3757: 3744: 2741: 2566: 30:

This article is about the office. For the incumbent officeholder, see

6107: 4028:

PEA, ss. 32B(1) and (4). Rejected and tendered votes are excluded. A

3842: 3652:"Elected Presidency: Amendments to Constitution passed in Parliament" 3301: 3284: 2722: 2605: 736:

but rather the head of state. These powers are instead vested in the

4908:

Tin, Eric (28 July 2011), "Presidential hopeful's contradictions ",

4794:

Evolution of a Revolution: Forty Years of the Singapore Constitution

4286:"Presidential Election 2023: More than 2.7 million eligible to vote" 1756:

not hold any other office created or recognised by the Constitution;

807:

who was appointed by Parliament and served until his death in 1981.

665:

and the ability to revoke and appoint public service appointments.

5512: 4837:

Wan, Wai Yee (21 July 2011), "Don't politicise role of President",

2880:"Perpetual presidential hopeful Tan Cheng Bock bows out gracefully" 2854:"Tan Cheng Bock's constitutional challenge dismissed by High Court" 1283:

The president's name must appear in a current register of electors.

1151:, photographed here in September 2009, is one such statutory board. 6169:

Founding of modern Singapore and early colonial period (1819–1826)

1794: 1453: 1296:(a) being and having been found or declared to be of unsound mind; 1138: 1038: 4918:

Chia, Daniel (30 July 2011), "Accept EP's role or don't stand ",

4869:

Goh, Richard (28 July 2011), "Be clear about president's role ",

4859:(25 July 2011), "Elected president can be voice of the people ", 4415:"Parliament approves increase in President's salary, expenditure" 3211:

respect of the Constitution has made other provision: Art. 21(5).

1125:

100 million for charities supporting disabled and needy people.

859: 6838: 6111: 5516: 5133: 4970: 4230:"PRESS RELEASE TOTAL VOTES CAST FOR PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION 2023" 3561:

Chua Mui Hoong (21 August 1999), "See you in six years' time",

1733:

justice of the Supreme Court the Oath of Office, which states:

791:"Lord of the State") which was created when Singapore attained 4767:

Managing Political Change in Singapore: The Elected Presidency

3617:

Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment) Act 2016

2500: 3865:

Cap. Parliamentary Elections Act, 2007 Rev. Ed.

3123:

Standing Orders of Parliament (as amended on 19 October 2004)

1172:

and state-owned companies that draw on their past reserves.

1079:

The president has been called "Singapore's No. 1 diplomat".

709:

Prior to 1991, the president was appointed by Parliament. A

6037:

Protection from Online Falsehoods and Manipulation Act 2019

4959: 4406:

Zakir Hussain (11 March 2011), "President's pay approved",

906:

following a legal challenge by then-presidential candidate

4706:, Singapore: Times Academic Press in association with the 3912:

Presidential Elections (Posters and Banners) Regulations (

3864: 3743:

Constitution, Art. 17(3); Presidential Elections Act (

3345:, vol. 26, no. 9, pp. 28–29, archived from 3129:, Parliament of Singapore, 19 October 2004, archived from 1370:(CEO) of a key statutory board or government company: the 763:

and elected by a popular vote. The incumbent president is

657:

functions and possesses certain executive powers over the

3527:

Constitution, Art. 19(3)(b) read with the Fifth Schedule.

2801:. High Court of the Republic of Singapore. Archived from 3385:"A Budget first: Govt to draw $ 4.9b from past reserves" 717:

by a popular vote, which was subsequently first held in

3683:"PM Lee spells out why he pushed for reserved election" 2675:

Singapore, Prime Minister's Office (24 December 2018).

245: 5171:

Text of the Constitution at Singapore Statutes Online

1807:

The Parliament of Singapore is required to provide a

4353: 4351: 3448:

Constitution, Art. 19(2)(c) read with Art. 44(2)(d).

3439:

Constitution, Art. 19(2)(c) read with Art. 44(2)(c).

3229:

Constitution, Arts. 21(2)(e), 21(2)(f), 22B and 22D.

1280:

The president must not be less than 45 years of age.

983:

from 2019 to 2023, prior to his presidency, won the

713:

was made that year to allow for the president to be

7089: 7061: 6963: 6870: 6737: 6635: 6498: 6399: 6292: 6216: 6149: 6066: 6047:

Third-Party Taxi Booking Service Providers Act 2015

5984: 5958: 5935: 5855: 5832: 5805: 5786: 5753: 5727: 5718: 5667: 5614: 5593: 5557: 5550: 5483: 5467: 5446: 5396: 5378: 5310: 5272: 5214: 5178: 5069: 5004: 1226:The term of office of the first elected president, 1115:

Ministry of Community Development, Youth and Sports

932:from 1995 to 2005 prior to his presidency, won the 889:from 1985 to 1993 prior to his presidency, won the 854:The amendment provided that the president would be 653:. The president represents the country in official 240: 229: 219: 209: 191: 181: 171: 153: 141: 131: 104: 41: 5637:Constitution of the Republic of Singapore Tribunal 5504:Constitution of the Republic of Singapore Tribunal 3587:"How Singapore elected a president without a vote" 1426:The strictness of these qualifications led to the 4314:Constitution, Arts. 20(1) to (3) and the 1st Sch. 1759:not actively engage in any commercial enterprise; 1121:. As of 2011, the endeavour had raised more than 1032:, amongst others., exercising oversight over the 913:The sixth and the oldest to become president was 6002:Liquor Control (Supply and Consumption) Act 2015 4394:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report 4370:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report 4224: 4222: 3523: 3521: 3331:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report 2703:Constitution of Singapore: A Contextual Analysis 1057:As a component of the legislature together with 893:. He served as president from 1993 to 1999. The 224:Chairman of the Council of Presidential Advisers 5992:Foreign Interference (Countermeasures) Act 2021 3539:Constitution, Art. 19(4), read with Art. 19(7). 3493: 3491: 3313:Constitution, Arts. 21(2)(h), 22I; MRHA, s. 12. 1735: 972:, and the first female President of Singapore. 7173:Lists of political office-holders in Singapore 4438:"Funds approved for Office of the President", 3457:Constitution, Art. 19(2)(d) read with Art. 45. 6850: 6123: 6007:Medical (Therapy, Education and Research) Act 5528: 5145: 4982: 4825:(7 July 2011), "Soft powers of a president", 4372:(17 February 2012), vol. 88, cols. 1202–1203. 3551:Constitution, Art. 19(3)(c) and Art 19(4)(b). 3535: 3533: 1333:on the date of their nomination for election. 622: 8: 4170: 4168: 3333:(17 August 1999), vol. 70, cols. 2018–2029; 3162: 3160: 814:, who was the Member of Parliament (MP) for 698:, most notably in relation to the country's 6184:British Military Administration (1945–1946) 6097:List of acts of the Parliament of Singapore 3619:(28/2016). 21 December 2016. Archived from 3547: 3545: 1762:not be a member of any political party; and 788: 683: 6857: 6843: 6835: 6504: 6405: 6298: 6222: 6130: 6116: 6108: 5724: 5554: 5535: 5521: 5513: 5152: 5138: 5130: 4989: 4975: 4967: 4475: 4473: 4471: 4469: 4467: 4423:, p. 4, 11 March 2011, archived from 1606: 1329:The president must not be a member of any 799:in 1959. The last Yang di-Pertuan Negara, 629: 615: 253: 99:Head of state of the Republic of Singapore 78: 5161:Constitution of the Republic of Singapore 4687:, Singapore: Eastern Universities Press, 4660:Chan, Helena HM (1995), "The Executive", 4593:Constitution of the Republic of Singapore 3405:"Turning of the second key went smoothly" 3296:Constitution, Arts. 21(2)(g) and 151(4); 2628:Ciṅkappūr Kuṭiyaracu Kuṭiyaracut Talaivar 2563:Constitution of the Republic of Singapore 1359:, Auditor-General, Accountant-General or 6194:Self-governance of Singapore (1955–1962) 5842:Singapore International Mediation Centre 5692:Presidential Council for Minority Rights 5388:Presidential Council for Minority Rights 1838: 1577:with 1,746,427 (70.40%) of valid votes. 1495:Presidential Council for Minority Rights 6079:Integrated Electronic Litigation System 5870:Criminal Law (Temporary Provisions) Act 3569:"Why only President Nathan qualifies", 2662:"The Istana | President in Office" 2642: 2582: 2545: 1719: 1708: 1697: 1686: 1675: 1671: 1660: 265: 6433:China–Singapore Suzhou Industrial Park 6012:Mental Health (Care and Treatment) Act 5773:Relevant and irrelevant considerations 4732:by Singapore National Printers, 1990, 4604:Cap. 240A, 2007 Rev. Ed. 4561:"Demystifying the presidential office" 3920:on 2 September 2010, regs. 2 and 3(1). 3758:Cap. 240A, 2007 Rev. Ed. 3745:Cap. 240A, 2007 Rev. Ed. 3172:"Demystifying the presidential office" 2977:from the original on 2 September 2023. 2742:Cap. 167A, 2001 Rev. Ed. 2733: 2731: 2620:சிங்கப்பூர் குடியரசு குடியரசுத் தலைவர் 1831:the past fiscal year of $ 11,605,000. 1799:President Ong Teng Cheong received by 1739:President of the Republic of Singapore 1214:Corrupt Practices Investigation Bureau 1034:Corrupt Practices Investigation Bureau 897:officially regarded Ong's predecessor 876:Corrupt Practices Investigation Bureau 874:, and concur with the director of the 676:in 1959, the ceremonial office of the 643:president of the Republic of Singapore 38: 18:President of the Republic of Singapore 6053:Transboundary Haze Pollution Act 2014 5365:Non-constituency Member of Parliament 4265:from the original on 2 September 2023 4153:from the original on 1 September 2023 4123:from the original on 1 September 2023 4093:from the original on 1 September 2023 4063:from the original on 1 September 2023 3843:Cap. 236, 2001 Rev. Ed. 3693:from the original on 15 December 2017 3597:from the original on 15 December 2017 3302:Cap. 143, 1985 Rev. Ed. 3285:Cap. 241, 1993 Rev. Ed. 2723:Cap. 143, 1985 Rev. Ed. 2714: 2712: 1728:Assumption of office and disabilities 1709: 1698: 1687: 1676: 7: 7110:Dutch East Indies (Governor-General) 6865:Leaders of Southeast Asian countries 5966:Maintenance of Religious Harmony Act 5118:Powers of the president of Singapore 4396:(10 March 2011), vol. 87, col. 4699. 4343:Cap. 44, 2002 Rev. Ed. 4323:Constitution, Arts. 19(3)(a) to (d). 3796:Constitution, Arts. 18(2)(a) to (c). 2947:from the original on 27 January 2018 2917:from the original on 5 December 2017 2738:Maintenance of Religious Harmony Act 2524:Spouse of the President of Singapore 1401:with an average of $ 500 million in 1135:Powers of the president of Singapore 872:Maintenance of Religious Harmony Act 5907:Prevention of Human Trafficking Act 4296:from the original on 30 August 2023 3403:Chua Mui Hoong (20 February 2009), 3391:, p. 4 – via NewspaperSG 2886:from the original on 27 August 2017 1752:Once elected, the president shall: 1299:(b) being an undischarged bankrupt; 1260:Presidential elections in Singapore 842:(WP). As such, then-Prime Minister 186:Yang di-Pertuan Negara of Singapore 6017:Newspaper and Printing Presses Act 5778:Substantive legitimate expectation 4765:Tan, Kevin ; Lam, Peng Er (1997), 4702:Low, Linda; Toh, Mun Heng (1989), 4624:Singapore Journal of Legal Studies 3807:"Presidential Elections Committee" 3681:Yuen-C, Tham (30 September 2017). 3585:Han, Kirsten (12 September 2017). 3256:Constitution, Arts. 148A and 148D. 3201:Constitution, Arts. 21(1) and (2). 2905:Lee, Justina (12 September 2017). 2368:1 September 2017–14 September 2017 1604:The final results are as follows: 1397:as the most senior executive of a 1119:National Council of Social Service 25: 6032:Personal Data Protection Act 2012 5820:Procedural legitimate expectation 5484:Special powers against subversion 5360:Group Representation Constituency 4341:Civil List and Gratuity Act ( 4284:Hamzah, Aqil (2 September 2023). 3658:. 9 November 2016. Archived from 3383:Zakir Hussain (23 January 2009), 2988:Goh, Yan Han (22 November 2023). 2882:. Mothership.sg. 23 August 2017. 2856:. Channel NewsAsia. 7 July 2017. 2762:. ChannelNewsAsia. Archived from 2681:Prime Minister's Office Singapore 1399:company incorporated in Singapore 1053:during the former's visit in 2009 924:After S. R. Nathan stepped down, 732:whereby the president is not the 7188:1965 establishments in Singapore 6199:Merger with Malaysia (1962–1965) 5976:Administration of Muslim Law Act 5709: 5060: 4602:Presidential Elections Act ( 3756:Presidential Elections Act ( 3721:office: Arts. 22L(1)(d) and (e). 2860:from the original on 9 July 2017 2834:from the original on 8 July 2017 2438: 2379: 2358:Council of Presidential Advisers 2302: 2236: 2177: 1302:(c) holding an office of profit; 1103:Nanyang Technological University 1099:National University of Singapore 919:Presidential Elections Committee 881:The first elected president was 589: 384: 275: 62: 50: 6179:Japanese occupation (1942–1945) 6174:Straits Settlements (1826–1942) 6058:Workplace Safety and Health Act 4597:1985 Rev. Ed., 1999 Reprint 4200:Iau, Jean (18 September 2023). 2754:Kotwani, Monica (6 July 2017). 2567:1985 Rev. Ed., 1999 Reprint 1946:23 November 1970–2 January 1971 1384:Monetary Authority of Singapore 1149:Monetary Authority of Singapore 661:, including the control of the 6189:Post-war Singapore (1946–1955) 6042:Silver Support Scheme Act 2015 5912:Protection from Harassment Act 5900:Section 377A of the Penal Code 5370:Nominated Member of Parliament 4253:Oh, Tessa (2 September 2023). 3914:Cap. 240A, Rg 3, 2000 Rev. Ed. 3814:Elections Department Singapore 3734:: Constitution, Art. 17(3)(a). 3335:Roger Mitton (10 March 2000), 2610: 2601: 2109:31 March 1985–2 September 1985 1192:, chairman and members of the 1: 4728:, Singapore: Printed for the 4662:The Legal System of Singapore 4572:, p. A21, archived from 4442:, p. C6, 23 January 2009 4362:Minister of State for Finance 3974:PEA, ss. 59, 60A, 62 and 62A. 3841:Political Donations Act ( 3183:, p. A21, archived from 2794:Loh, Quentin (29 June 2017). 1987:10 years, 130 days 1501:, the members of the PEC are 1376:Housing and Development Board 1117:and its statutory board, the 793:full internal self-government 783:. It succeeded the office of 746:ethnic community in Singapore 670:full internal self-governance 6204:Republic of Singapore (1965– 5922:Undesirable Publications Act 5735:Exclusion of judicial review 5186:Exclusion of judicial review 3863:PEA, s. 10(1) read with the 3854:PEA, ss. 9(4)(ba) and 11(1). 3515:Constitution, Art. 19(3)(a). 3506:Constitution, Art. 19(2)(f). 3497:Constitution, Art. 19(2)(e). 3430:Constitution, Art. 19(2)(b). 3421:Constitution, Art. 19(2)(a). 3102:Constitution, Art. 21(2)(c). 2152:7 years, 364 days 2068:3 years, 156 days 1917:5 years, 106 days 1515:Po'ad Shaik Abu Bakar Mattar 1372:Central Provident Fund Board 1178:Central Provident Fund Board 92:since 14 September 2023 6627:Water supply and sanitation 5697:Singaporean nationality law 5475:Singaporean nationality law 4800:, pp. 50–78 at 68–71, 4708:Institute of Policy Studies 3573:, p. 4, 14 August 2005 2627: 2611:Xīnjiāpō Gònghéguó Zǒngtǒng 2594:Presiden Republik Singapura 2534:Prime Minister of Singapore 2092:28 March 1985–31 March 1985 2025:12 May 1981–23 October 1981 443:Prime Minister of Singapore 7204: 7125:Myanmar (State Counsellor) 7115:Indonesia (Prime Minister) 6572:National Courtesy Campaign 5847:Singapore Mediation Centre 4796:, London; New York, N.Y.: 4332:Constitution, Art. 22J(1). 3947:PEA, ss. 42(1)(d) and (e). 3247:Constitution, Art. 144(2). 3220:Constitution, Art. 144(1). 2784:Constitution, Art. 163(1). 2529:Chief Justice of Singapore 2355: 2097: 2013: 1934: 1573:. The election was won by 1499:2017 presidential election 1257: 1132: 985:2023 presidential election 934:2011 presidential election 891:1993 presidential election 769:2023 presidential election 755:, the president must be a 495:Supreme Court of Singapore 29: 27:Head of state of Singapore 7149: 6789: 6507: 6408: 6301: 6225: 6087: 6027:Payment Services Act 2019 5707: 5501: 5167: 5112: 5058: 4792:; Tan, Kevin Y L (eds.), 3787:Constitution, Art. 18(3). 3778:Constitution, Art. 18(1). 3711:Constitution, Art. 20(1). 3274:Constitution, Art. 25(1). 3265:Constitution, Art. 22(1). 3093:Constitution, Art. 58(1). 3066:Constitution, Art. 21(2). 3057:Constitution, Art. 21(1). 3048:Constitution, Art. 24(2). 3039:Constitution, Art. 23(1). 3030:Constitution, Art. 17(2). 3021:Constitution, Art. 17(1). 2619: 2477:1 year, 6 days 2280: 2272: 2265: 2258: 2253: 2242: 2235: 2230: 2159: 2151: 2144: 2137: 2132: 2121: 2119: 2114: 2080: 2075: 1994: 1986: 1979: 1972: 1969: 1958: 1956: 1951: 1922: 1916: 1909: 1902: 1897: 1886: 1884: 1879: 1863: 1860: 1857: 1854: 1847: 1844: 1841: 1781:speaker of the Parliament 1737:I, , having been elected 1720: 1710:Registered voters/turnout 1672: 1661: 1617: 1614: 1611: 1491:Public Service Commission 1357:Public Service Commission 1194:Public Service Commission 862:the use of the country's 856:elected by a popular vote 810:Sheares was succeeded by 771:with 70.41% of the vote. 668:After Singapore achieved 299:Constitution of Singapore 97: 75: 61: 56:Presidential coat of arms 49: 6306:Administrative divisions 6164:Early history (pre–1819) 6159:Archaeology in Singapore 6092:Sources of Singapore law 6074:Electronic Filing System 5885:Organised Crime Act 2015 5379:The Presidential Council 5355:Leader of the Opposition 5196:Representative democracy 4057:South China Morning Post 2705:. Bloomsbury Publishing. 1874: 1871: 1868: 1273:The president must be a 1204:. They also appoint the 830:In the early 1980s, the 823:. Nair was succeeded by 711:constitutional amendment 371:Leader of the Opposition 257:This article is part of 7183:Presidents of Singapore 7141:South Vietnam (leaders) 6925:Philippines (President) 6471:Singapore Standard (SS) 5763:Fettering of discretion 5459:Singapore Legal Service 5454:Singapore Civil Service 4998:Presidents of Singapore 4730:Government of Singapore 4683:Ho, Khai Leong (2003), 3641:Constitution, Art. 19B. 3238:Constitution, Art. 22E. 3145:, Standing Order 15(1). 1791:Salary and entitlements 1565:Last contested election 1380:Jurong Town Corporation 1368:chief executive officer 948:who became presidents. 659:Government of Singapore 6890:East Timor (President) 6567:Long hair in Singapore 5807:Procedural impropriety 5071:Presidential elections 5052:Tharman Shanmugaratnam 4382:Tharman Shanmugaratnam 3769:PEA, ss. 6(2) and (3). 3154:Constitution, Art. 62. 3111:Constitution, Art. 60. 3084:Constitution, Art. 38. 3075:Constitution, Art. 22. 2593: 2447:Tharman Shanmugaratnam 2160:Elected by Parliament 2076:Elected by Parliament 1995:Elected by Parliament 1923:Elected by Parliament 1899:Yang di-Pertuan Negara 1824:Tharman Shanmugaratnam 1804: 1745:If the President is a 1743: 1624:Tharman Shanmugaratnam 1575:Tharman Shanmugaratnam 1466: 1464:elections in Singapore 1221:Singapore Armed Forces 1202:Commissioner of Police 1198:Chief of Defence Force 1152: 1054: 1049:speaking to President 1030:Commissioner of Police 1026:Chief of Defence Force 977:Tharman Shanmugaratnam 955:The eighth president, 785:Yang di-Pertuan Negara 765:Tharman Shanmugaratnam 721:. Singapore follows a 679:Yang di-Pertuan Negara 573:Presidential elections 430:Tharman Shanmugaratnam 422:President of Singapore 197:; 59 years ago 88:Tharman Shanmugaratnam 32:Tharman Shanmugaratnam 7178:Presidents by country 6935:Singapore (President) 6895:Indonesia (President) 6456:Proposed developments 5875:Internal Security Act 5768:Precedent fact errors 5687:Internal Security Act 5627:Judicial independence 5493:Internal Security Act 5438:Judicial independence 5216:Fundamental liberties 3298:Internal Security Act 2943:. 11 September 2017. 2719:Internal Security Act 2398:Speaker of Parliament 2321:Deputy Prime Minister 2196:Deputy Prime Minister 2099:Speaker of Parliament 2015:Speaker of Parliament 1936:Speaker of Parliament 1798: 1457: 1142: 1111:President's Challenge 1074:parliamentary session 1066:certain circumstances 1042: 1016:Constitution such as 999:The president is the 975:On 1 September 2023, 961:Speaker of Parliament 946:Deputy Prime Minister 930:Deputy Prime Minister 887:Deputy Prime Minister 868:Internal Security Act 832:People's Action Party 268:Politics of Singapore 69:Presidential standard 44:Republic of Singapore 6235:Environmental issues 6022:Pawnbrokers Act 2015 5486:and emergency powers 5206:Separation of powers 4641:Singapore Law Review 4510:President S R Nathan 4386:Minister for Finance 4059:. 1 September 2023. 3327:Minister for Finance 2973:. 1 September 2023. 2050:Member of Parliament 1970:Physician, academic 1821:Minister for Finance 1460:Elections Department 1403:shareholders' equity 1275:citizen of Singapore 1210:Member of Parliament 895:Singapore Government 730:parliamentary system 688:independence in 1965 596:Singapore portal 177:Six years, renewable 6965:Heads of government 6950:Vietnam (President) 6915:Myanmar (President) 6592:Population planning 6577:National Day Parade 6413:Economic statistics 5997:Income Tax Act 1947 5880:Misuse of Drugs Act 5833:Alternative dispute 5381:for Minority Rights 4798:Routledge-Cavendish 4390:Civil List (Motion) 4366:Civil List (Motion) 3747:) ("PEA"), s. 6(1). 3662:on 16 November 2016 3483:Republic of Ireland 3349:on 10 February 2001 3323:Hu, Richard Tsu Tau 2911:Nikkei Asian Review 2808:on 27 February 2019 2701:Tan, Kevin (2015). 2472:(14 September 2029) 2365:as Acting President 2255:Ambassador-at-Large 2245:Sellapan Ramanathan 2134:Ambassador-at-Large 2106:as Acting President 2089:as Acting President 2022:as Acting President 1943:as Acting President 1688:Invalid/blank votes 1608: 1392:GIC Private Limited 1361:Permanent Secretary 995:Constitutional role 757:Singaporean citizen 723:non-executive model 356:Leader of the House 7133:(Governor-General) 6940:Thailand (Monarch) 6910:Malaysia (Monarch) 6885:Cambodia (Monarch) 6582:No U-turn syndrome 6476:Telecommunications 6466:Singapore Exchange 6428:Monetary Authority 5720:Administrative law 5594:Legislative branch 5551:Constitutional law 5447:The Public Service 5179:General principles 4668:, pp. 22–29, 4461:on 31 August 2017. 3399:, 18 February 2009 1835:List of presidents 1805: 1607: 1534:electoral register 1467: 1450:Election procedure 1355:, Chairman of the 1248:financial downturn 1153: 1085:high commissioners 1070:Singapore Statutes 1055: 734:head of government 236:1,540,000 annually 195:9 August 1965 7160: 7159: 6832: 6831: 6785: 6784: 6680:Singapore English 6494: 6493: 6395: 6394: 6382:Political parties 6328:Foreign relations 6288: 6287: 6105: 6104: 5865:Arms Offences Act 5828: 5827: 5705: 5704: 5632:Judicial officers 5510: 5509: 5433:Judicial officers 5127: 5126: 4943:The Straits Times 4930:The Straits Times 4920:The Straits Times 4910:The Straits Times 4900:The Straits Times 4890:The Straits Times 4880:The Straits Times 4871:The Straits Times 4861:The Straits Times 4849:The Straits Times 4839:The Straits Times 4828:The Straits Times 4807:978-0-415-43862-9 4780:978-0-415-15632-5 4717:978-981-00-1014-0 4694:978-981-210-218-8 4675:978-0-409-99789-7 4666:Butterworths Asia 4569:The Straits Times 4538:The Straits Times 4517:on 22 August 2008 4482:Former Presidents 4457:), archived from 4440:The Straits Times 4408:The Straits Times 4290:The Straits Times 4206:The Straits Times 3916:), archived from 3687:The Straits Times 3571:The Straits Times 3563:The Straits Times 3409:The Straits Times 3397:The Straits Times 3389:The Straits Times 3180:The Straits Times 2994:The Straits Times 2971:Channel News Asia 2941:The Straits Times 2625: 2493: 2492: 2311:Tony Tan Keng Yam 1725: 1724: 1486:returning officer 1462:, which oversees 1044:Russian President 704:check and balance 663:national reserves 639: 638: 578:General elections 252: 251: 42:President of the 16:(Redirected from 7195: 7136:(Prime Minister) 6905:Laos (President) 6880:Brunei (Monarch) 6859: 6852: 6845: 6836: 6812: 6805: 6798: 6512:Communitarianism 6505: 6441: 6406: 6299: 6223: 6207: 6132: 6125: 6118: 6109: 5797:unreasonableness 5745:Threshold issues 5725: 5713: 5585:Attorney-General 5558:Executive branch 5555: 5544:Law of Singapore 5537: 5530: 5523: 5514: 5297:Attorney-General 5154: 5147: 5140: 5131: 5064: 5017:Benjamin Sheares 4991: 4984: 4977: 4968: 4963: 4962: 4960:Official website 4946: 4933: 4923: 4913: 4903: 4893: 4883: 4873: 4864: 4851: 4842: 4832: 4810: 4783: 4760: 4740: 4720: 4697: 4678: 4648: 4634: 4580: 4578: 4565: 4559:(15 June 2011), 4543: 4541: 4533: 4527: 4525: 4524: 4522: 4505: 4499: 4497: 4496: 4494: 4489:on 1 August 2008 4477: 4462: 4451: 4445: 4443: 4435: 4429: 4428: 4411: 4403: 4397: 4379: 4373: 4355: 4346: 4339: 4333: 4330: 4324: 4321: 4315: 4312: 4306: 4305: 4303: 4301: 4281: 4275: 4274: 4272: 4270: 4250: 4244: 4243: 4241: 4239: 4234: 4226: 4217: 4216: 4214: 4212: 4197: 4191: 4190: 4188: 4186: 4172: 4163: 4162: 4160: 4158: 4139: 4133: 4132: 4130: 4128: 4109: 4103: 4102: 4100: 4098: 4079: 4073: 4072: 4070: 4068: 4049: 4043: 4040: 4034: 4026: 4020: 4017: 4011: 4008: 4002: 3999: 3993: 3990: 3984: 3981: 3975: 3972: 3966: 3963: 3957: 3954: 3948: 3945: 3939: 3936: 3930: 3927: 3921: 3910: 3904: 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Archived from 3811: 3803: 3797: 3794: 3788: 3785: 3779: 3776: 3770: 3767: 3761: 3754: 3748: 3741: 3735: 3728: 3722: 3718: 3712: 3709: 3703: 3702: 3700: 3698: 3678: 3672: 3671: 3669: 3667: 3656:Channel NewsAsia 3648: 3642: 3639: 3633: 3632: 3630: 3628: 3623:on 5 August 2017 3613: 3607: 3606: 3604: 3602: 3582: 3576: 3574: 3566: 3558: 3552: 3549: 3540: 3537: 3528: 3525: 3516: 3513: 3507: 3504: 3498: 3495: 3486: 3474: 3468: 3464: 3458: 3455: 3449: 3446: 3440: 3437: 3431: 3428: 3422: 3419: 3413: 3411: 3400: 3392: 3380: 3374: 3372: 3358: 3352: 3350: 3320: 3314: 3311: 3305: 3294: 3288: 3281: 3275: 3272: 3266: 3263: 3257: 3254: 3248: 3245: 3239: 3236: 3230: 3227: 3221: 3218: 3212: 3208: 3202: 3199: 3193: 3191: 3189: 3176: 3170:(15 June 2011), 3164: 3155: 3152: 3146: 3144: 3143: 3141: 3135: 3128: 3118: 3112: 3109: 3103: 3100: 3094: 3091: 3085: 3082: 3076: 3073: 3067: 3064: 3058: 3055: 3049: 3046: 3040: 3037: 3031: 3028: 3022: 3019: 3013: 3012: 3010: 3008: 2985: 2979: 2978: 2963: 2957: 2956: 2954: 2952: 2933: 2927: 2926: 2924: 2922: 2902: 2896: 2895: 2893: 2891: 2876: 2870: 2869: 2867: 2865: 2850: 2844: 2843: 2841: 2839: 2824: 2818: 2817: 2815: 2813: 2807: 2800: 2791: 2785: 2782: 2776: 2775: 2773: 2771: 2760:Channel NewsAsia 2751: 2745: 2735: 2726: 2716: 2707: 2706: 2698: 2692: 2691: 2689: 2687: 2672: 2666: 2665: 2658: 2652: 2647: 2631: 2630: 2624:romanized: 2623: 2621: 2612: 2603: 2587: 2570: 2559: 2553: 2550: 2473: 2463: 2453: 2442: 2411: 2404: 2394: 2383: 2369: 2356:Chairman of the 2334: 2327: 2317: 2306: 2268: 2261: 2251: 2240: 2209: 2202: 2192: 2181: 2147: 2140: 2130: 2110: 2093: 2063: 2056: 2046: 2026: 1982: 1975: 1967: 1961:Benjamin Sheares 1947: 1912: 1905: 1895: 1852: 1839: 1609: 1549:polling stations 1482:writ of election 1388:Temasek Holdings 1353:Attorney-General 1190:attorney-general 1170:statutory boards 1145:statutory boards 1022:Attorney-General 979:, who served as 959:, who served as 928:, who served as 885:, who served as 836:J. B. Jeyaretnam 805:Benjamin Sheares 790: 715:directly elected 694:to veto certain 685: 631: 624: 617: 594: 593: 592: 388: 279: 254: 248: 246:Official website 205: 203: 198: 114:Mister President 82: 66: 54: 45: 39: 21: 7203: 7202: 7198: 7197: 7196: 7194: 7193: 7192: 7163: 7162: 7161: 7156: 7145: 7105:Burma (Monarch) 7094: 7085: 7063:Supreme leaders 7057: 6959: 6866: 6863: 6833: 6828: 6815: 6808: 6801: 6794: 6781: 6733: 6631: 6612:Sex trafficking 6607:Public holidays 6552:Eat Frozen Pork 6490: 6439: 6391: 6284: 6212: 6205: 6145: 6136: 6106: 6101: 6083: 6062: 5980: 5954: 5950:Women's Charter 5945:Matrimonial law 5931: 5851: 5834: 5824: 5801: 5782: 5749: 5714: 5701: 5663: 5647:Court of Appeal 5622:Judicial system 5615:Judicial branch 5610: 5589: 5546: 5541: 5511: 5506: 5497: 5485: 5479: 5463: 5442: 5411:Court of Appeal 5392: 5380: 5374: 5311:The Legislature 5306: 5268: 5210: 5174: 5163: 5158: 5128: 5123: 5108: 5065: 5056: 5032:Ong Teng Cheong 5000: 4995: 4958: 4957: 4954: 4939:Tan, Cheng Bock 4937: 4927: 4917: 4907: 4897: 4887: 4877: 4868: 4855: 4846: 4836: 4821: 4818: 4808: 4787: 4781: 4764: 4750:11 of 1990] 4744: 4724: 4718: 4701: 4695: 4682: 4676: 4659: 4656: 4638: 4621: 4618: 4613: 4611:Further reading 4589: 4584: 4576: 4563: 4555: 4551: 4546: 4535: 4534: 4530: 4520: 4518: 4507: 4506: 4502: 4492: 4490: 4479: 4478: 4465: 4455:S 137/2012 4452: 4448: 4437: 4436: 4432: 4413: 4405: 4404: 4400: 4380: 4376: 4356: 4349: 4340: 4336: 4331: 4327: 4322: 4318: 4313: 4309: 4299: 4297: 4283: 4282: 4278: 4268: 4266: 4252: 4251: 4247: 4237: 4235: 4232: 4228: 4227: 4220: 4210: 4208: 4199: 4198: 4194: 4184: 4182: 4174: 4173: 4166: 4156: 4154: 4141: 4140: 4136: 4126: 4124: 4111: 4110: 4106: 4096: 4094: 4081: 4080: 4076: 4066: 4064: 4051: 4050: 4046: 4041: 4037: 4027: 4023: 4018: 4014: 4009: 4005: 4000: 3996: 3991: 3987: 3982: 3978: 3973: 3969: 3964: 3960: 3955: 3951: 3946: 3942: 3937: 3933: 3928: 3924: 3911: 3907: 3902: 3898: 3893: 3889: 3884: 3880: 3875: 3871: 3862: 3858: 3853: 3849: 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2903: 2899: 2889: 2887: 2878: 2877: 2873: 2863: 2861: 2852: 2851: 2847: 2837: 2835: 2830:. 7 July 2017. 2826: 2825: 2821: 2811: 2809: 2805: 2798: 2793: 2792: 2788: 2783: 2779: 2769: 2767: 2766:on 31 July 2017 2753: 2752: 2748: 2736: 2729: 2717: 2710: 2700: 2699: 2695: 2685: 2683: 2674: 2673: 2669: 2660: 2659: 2655: 2648: 2644: 2640: 2635: 2634: 2588: 2584: 2579: 2574: 2573: 2560: 2556: 2551: 2547: 2542: 2520: 2515: 2513: 2498: 2488: 2471: 2470: 2464: 2461: 2457:Senior Minister 2451: 2450: 2412: 2409: 2405: 2402: 2392: 2391: 2367: 2366: 2350: 2335: 2332: 2328: 2325: 2315: 2314: 2269: 2266: 2262: 2259: 2249: 2248: 2225: 2210: 2207: 2203: 2200: 2190: 2189: 2186:Ong Teng Cheong 2148: 2145: 2141: 2138: 2128: 2127: 2108: 2107: 2091: 2090: 2064: 2061: 2057: 2054: 2044: 2043: 2024: 2023: 1983: 1980: 1976: 1973: 1965: 1964: 1945: 1944: 1913: 1910: 1906: 1903: 1893: 1892: 1875:Time in office 1858:Term of office 1850: 1849: 1837: 1793: 1776: 1730: 1567: 1452: 1444:Lee Hsien Loong 1331:political party 1267: 1262: 1256: 1228:Ong Teng Cheong 1137: 1131: 1047:Dmitry Medvedev 997: 981:Senior Minister 938:Ong Teng Cheong 883:Ong Teng Cheong 777: 635: 606: 602:Other countries 590: 588: 583: 582: 568: 558: 557: 542: 515:Court of Appeal 510: 506:Sundaresh Menon 489: 479: 478: 460: 416: 406: 405: 397: 393:14th Parliament 327: 317: 316: 293: 270: 244: 201: 199: 196: 166: 164:Direct election 162: 160: 127: 123: 116: 93: 91: 90: 86: 83: 71: 57: 43: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7201: 7199: 7191: 7190: 7185: 7180: 7175: 7165: 7164: 7158: 7157: 7150: 7147: 7146: 7144: 7143: 7138: 7127: 7122: 7120:Laos (Monarch) 7117: 7112: 7107: 7101: 7099: 7092:heads of state 7087: 7086: 7084: 7083: 7078: 7073: 7067: 7065: 7059: 7058: 7056: 7055: 7045: 7035: 7030: 7020: 7010: 7005: 7000: 6990: 6985: 6975: 6969: 6967: 6961: 6960: 6958: 6957: 6947: 6937: 6932: 6922: 6912: 6907: 6902: 6892: 6887: 6882: 6876: 6874: 6872:Heads of state 6868: 6867: 6864: 6862: 6861: 6854: 6847: 6839: 6830: 6829: 6827: 6826: 6821: 6814: 6813: 6806: 6799: 6791: 6790: 6787: 6786: 6783: 6782: 6780: 6779: 6774: 6769: 6764: 6759: 6754: 6749: 6743: 6741: 6735: 6734: 6732: 6731: 6726: 6721: 6716: 6711: 6706: 6701: 6700: 6699: 6694: 6684: 6683: 6682: 6672: 6667: 6662: 6657: 6652: 6647: 6641: 6639: 6633: 6632: 6630: 6629: 6624: 6619: 6614: 6609: 6604: 6602:Public housing 6599: 6594: 6589: 6584: 6579: 6574: 6569: 6564: 6559: 6554: 6549: 6544: 6539: 6534: 6529: 6524: 6519: 6514: 6508: 6502: 6496: 6495: 6492: 6491: 6489: 6488: 6483: 6478: 6473: 6468: 6463: 6458: 6453: 6448: 6443: 6435: 6430: 6425: 6420: 6415: 6409: 6403: 6397: 6396: 6393: 6392: 6390: 6389: 6384: 6379: 6374: 6369: 6368: 6367: 6357: 6352: 6347: 6346: 6345: 6343:Prime Minister 6340: 6330: 6325: 6320: 6315: 6314: 6313: 6302: 6296: 6290: 6289: 6286: 6285: 6283: 6282: 6277: 6272: 6267: 6265:Urban planning 6262: 6257: 6252: 6247: 6242: 6237: 6232: 6226: 6220: 6214: 6213: 6211: 6210: 6201: 6196: 6191: 6186: 6181: 6176: 6171: 6166: 6161: 6155: 6153: 6147: 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5547: 5542: 5540: 5539: 5532: 5525: 5517: 5508: 5507: 5502: 5499: 5498: 5496: 5495: 5489: 5487: 5481: 5480: 5478: 5477: 5471: 5469: 5465: 5464: 5462: 5461: 5456: 5450: 5448: 5444: 5443: 5441: 5440: 5435: 5430: 5425: 5420: 5419: 5418: 5413: 5402: 5400: 5394: 5393: 5391: 5390: 5384: 5382: 5376: 5375: 5373: 5372: 5367: 5362: 5357: 5352: 5351: 5350: 5345: 5340: 5330: 5325: 5320: 5314: 5312: 5308: 5307: 5305: 5304: 5299: 5294: 5292:Prime Minister 5289: 5284: 5278: 5276: 5274:The Government 5270: 5269: 5267: 5266: 5261: 5256: 5251: 5246: 5241: 5236: 5231: 5226: 5220: 5218: 5212: 5211: 5209: 5208: 5203: 5198: 5193: 5188: 5182: 5180: 5176: 5175: 5168: 5165: 5164: 5159: 5157: 5156: 5149: 5142: 5134: 5125: 5124: 5122: 5121: 5113: 5110: 5109: 5107: 5106: 5101: 5096: 5091: 5086: 5081: 5075: 5073: 5067: 5066: 5059: 5057: 5055: 5054: 5049: 5044: 5039: 5034: 5029: 5024: 5019: 5014: 5008: 5006: 5002: 5001: 4996: 4994: 4993: 4986: 4979: 4971: 4965: 4964: 4953: 4952:External links 4950: 4949: 4948: 4935: 4925: 4915: 4905: 4895: 4885: 4875: 4866: 4853: 4844: 4834: 4817: 4814: 4813: 4812: 4806: 4785: 4779: 4762: 4742: 4722: 4716: 4699: 4693: 4680: 4674: 4655: 4652: 4651: 4650: 4636: 4617: 4614: 4612: 4609: 4608: 4607: 4600: 4588: 4585: 4583: 4582: 4579:on 8 June 2012 4552: 4550: 4547: 4545: 4544: 4528: 4500: 4463: 4446: 4430: 4427:on 18 May 2011 4398: 4374: 4347: 4334: 4325: 4316: 4307: 4276: 4259:Business Times 4245: 4218: 4192: 4164: 4134: 4104: 4074: 4044: 4042:PEA, s. 32(8). 4035: 4021: 4019:PEA, s. 31(3). 4012: 4010:PEA, s. 31(2). 4003: 4001:PEA, s. 22(1). 3994: 3992:PEA, s. 26(1). 3985: 3976: 3967: 3958: 3949: 3940: 3931: 3922: 3905: 3896: 3894:PEA, s. 50(1). 3887: 3885:PEA, s. 16(5). 3878: 3869: 3856: 3847: 3834: 3823:on 6 June 2017 3798: 3789: 3780: 3771: 3762: 3749: 3736: 3723: 3713: 3704: 3673: 3643: 3634: 3608: 3577: 3553: 3541: 3529: 3517: 3508: 3499: 3487: 3469: 3459: 3450: 3441: 3432: 3423: 3414: 3375: 3353: 3315: 3306: 3289: 3276: 3267: 3258: 3249: 3240: 3231: 3222: 3213: 3203: 3194: 3190:on 8 June 2012 3156: 3147: 3113: 3104: 3095: 3086: 3077: 3068: 3059: 3050: 3041: 3032: 3023: 3014: 2980: 2958: 2928: 2897: 2871: 2845: 2819: 2786: 2777: 2746: 2727: 2708: 2693: 2667: 2653: 2641: 2639: 2636: 2633: 2632: 2581: 2580: 2578: 2575: 2572: 2571: 2554: 2544: 2543: 2541: 2538: 2537: 2536: 2531: 2526: 2519: 2516: 2499: 2497: 2494: 2491: 2490: 2483: 2478: 2475: 2466: 2459: 2454: 2443: 2436: 2430: 2429: 2422: 2417: 2414: 2407: 2400: 2395: 2384: 2377: 2371: 2370: 2353: 2352: 2345: 2340: 2337: 2330: 2323: 2318: 2307: 2300: 2294: 2293: 2287: 2286: 2279: 2274: 2271: 2264: 2257: 2252: 2241: 2234: 2228: 2227: 2220: 2215: 2212: 2205: 2198: 2193: 2182: 2175: 2169: 2168: 2162: 2161: 2158: 2153: 2150: 2143: 2136: 2131: 2120: 2118: 2112: 2111: 2103:Yeoh Ghim Seng 2095: 2094: 2078: 2077: 2074: 2069: 2066: 2059: 2052: 2047: 2036: 2034: 2028: 2027: 2019:Yeoh Ghim Seng 2011: 2010: 2004: 2003: 1997: 1996: 1993: 1988: 1985: 1978: 1971: 1968: 1957: 1955: 1949: 1948: 1940:Yeoh Ghim Seng 1932: 1931: 1925: 1924: 1921: 1918: 1915: 1908: 1901: 1896: 1885: 1883: 1877: 1876: 1873: 1870: 1866: 1865: 1862: 1859: 1856: 1853: 1846: 1843: 1836: 1833: 1792: 1789: 1775: 1772: 1771: 1770: 1763: 1760: 1757: 1729: 1726: 1723: 1722: 1718: 1717: 1714: 1711: 1707: 1706: 1703: 1700: 1696: 1695: 1692: 1689: 1685: 1684: 1681: 1678: 1674: 1673: 1670: 1669: 1666: 1663: 1659: 1658: 1655: 1652: 1646: 1645: 1642: 1639: 1633: 1632: 1629: 1626: 1620: 1619: 1616: 1613: 1585:the next day. 1566: 1563: 1558:counting agent 1519:Tay Yong Kwang 1511:Chan Heng Chee 1478:prime minister 1451: 1448: 1436:2017 elections 1424: 1423: 1422: 1421: 1418:private sector 1410: 1395: 1364: 1334: 1327: 1323: 1322: 1321: 1320: 1317: 1314: 1306: 1303: 1300: 1297: 1291: 1290: 1287: 1284: 1281: 1278: 1266: 1265:Qualifications 1263: 1258:Main article: 1255: 1252: 1206:Prime Minister 1133:Main article: 1130: 1127: 996: 993: 908:Tan Cheng Bock 849:constitutional 840:Worker's Party 797:British Empire 776: 773: 742:prime minister 674:British Empire 637: 636: 634: 633: 626: 619: 611: 608: 607: 605: 604: 598: 585: 584: 581: 580: 575: 569: 564: 563: 560: 559: 556: 555: 550: 541: 540: 535: 530: 525: 519: 518: 509: 508: 499: 498: 490: 485: 484: 481: 480: 477: 476: 471: 466: 459: 458: 447: 446: 438: 437: 426: 425: 417: 412: 411: 408: 407: 404: 403: 401:Constituencies 396: 395: 382: 381: 367: 366: 359:Indranee Rajah 352: 351: 344:Seah Kian Peng 337: 336: 328: 323: 322: 319: 318: 315: 314: 309: 303: 302: 294: 289: 288: 285: 284: 281: 280: 272: 271: 266: 263: 262: 250: 249: 242: 238: 237: 231: 227: 226: 221: 217: 216: 211: 207: 206: 193: 189: 188: 183: 179: 178: 175: 169: 168: 167:(1991–present) 155: 151: 150: 145: 139: 138: 133: 129: 128: 126: 125: 121:His Excellency 118: 110: 108: 102: 101: 95: 94: 84: 77: 76: 73: 72: 67: 59: 58: 55: 47: 46: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7200: 7189: 7186: 7184: 7181: 7179: 7176: 7174: 7171: 7170: 7168: 7155: 7154: 7148: 7142: 7139: 7137: 7134: 7131: 7128: 7126: 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6628: 6625: 6623: 6620: 6618: 6615: 6613: 6610: 6608: 6605: 6603: 6600: 6598: 6595: 6593: 6590: 6588: 6585: 6583: 6580: 6578: 6575: 6573: 6570: 6568: 6565: 6563: 6560: 6558: 6555: 6553: 6550: 6548: 6545: 6543: 6540: 6538: 6535: 6533: 6530: 6528: 6525: 6523: 6520: 6518: 6515: 6513: 6510: 6509: 6506: 6503: 6501: 6497: 6487: 6484: 6482: 6479: 6477: 6474: 6472: 6469: 6467: 6464: 6462: 6459: 6457: 6454: 6452: 6449: 6447: 6444: 6442: 6436: 6434: 6431: 6429: 6426: 6424: 6421: 6419: 6416: 6414: 6411: 6410: 6407: 6404: 6402: 6398: 6388: 6385: 6383: 6380: 6378: 6375: 6373: 6370: 6366: 6363: 6362: 6361: 6358: 6356: 6353: 6351: 6348: 6344: 6341: 6339: 6336: 6335: 6334: 6331: 6329: 6326: 6324: 6321: 6319: 6316: 6312: 6311:Town Councils 6309: 6308: 6307: 6304: 6303: 6300: 6297: 6295: 6291: 6281: 6278: 6276: 6273: 6271: 6270:Urban renewal 6268: 6266: 6263: 6261: 6258: 6256: 6253: 6251: 6248: 6246: 6243: 6241: 6238: 6236: 6233: 6231: 6228: 6227: 6224: 6221: 6219: 6215: 6209: 6202: 6200: 6197: 6195: 6192: 6190: 6187: 6185: 6182: 6180: 6177: 6175: 6172: 6170: 6167: 6165: 6162: 6160: 6157: 6156: 6154: 6152: 6148: 6144: 6140: 6133: 6128: 6126: 6121: 6119: 6114: 6113: 6110: 6098: 6095: 6093: 6090: 6089: 6086: 6080: 6077: 6075: 6072: 6071: 6069: 6065: 6059: 6056: 6054: 6051: 6048: 6045: 6043: 6040: 6038: 6035: 6033: 6030: 6028: 6025: 6023: 6020: 6018: 6015: 6013: 6010: 6008: 6005: 6003: 6000: 5998: 5995: 5993: 5990: 5989: 5987: 5983: 5977: 5974: 5972: 5971:Charities Act 5969: 5967: 5964: 5963: 5961: 5959:Religious law 5957: 5951: 5948: 5946: 5943: 5942: 5940: 5938: 5934: 5928: 5927:Vandalism Act 5925: 5923: 5920: 5918: 5915: 5913: 5910: 5908: 5905: 5901: 5898: 5897: 5896: 5893: 5891: 5888: 5886: 5883: 5881: 5878: 5876: 5873: 5871: 5868: 5866: 5863: 5862: 5860: 5858: 5854: 5848: 5845: 5843: 5840: 5839: 5837: 5831: 5821: 5818: 5816: 5813: 5812: 5810: 5808: 5804: 5798: 5796: 5792: 5791: 5789: 5787:Irrationality 5785: 5779: 5776: 5774: 5771: 5769: 5766: 5764: 5761: 5760: 5758: 5756: 5752: 5746: 5743: 5741: 5738: 5736: 5733: 5732: 5730: 5726: 5723: 5721: 5717: 5712: 5698: 5695: 5693: 5690: 5688: 5685: 5683: 5680: 5678: 5675: 5674: 5672: 5670: 5666: 5660: 5657: 5653: 5650: 5648: 5645: 5644: 5643: 5642:Supreme Court 5640: 5638: 5635: 5633: 5630: 5628: 5625: 5623: 5620: 5619: 5617: 5613: 5607: 5604: 5602: 5599: 5598: 5596: 5592: 5586: 5583: 5581: 5578: 5576: 5573: 5571: 5568: 5566: 5563: 5562: 5560: 5556: 5553: 5549: 5545: 5538: 5533: 5531: 5526: 5524: 5519: 5518: 5515: 5505: 5500: 5494: 5491: 5490: 5488: 5482: 5476: 5473: 5472: 5470: 5466: 5460: 5457: 5455: 5452: 5451: 5449: 5445: 5439: 5436: 5434: 5431: 5429: 5428:Chief Justice 5426: 5424: 5421: 5417: 5414: 5412: 5409: 5408: 5407: 5406:Supreme Court 5404: 5403: 5401: 5399: 5398:The Judiciary 5395: 5389: 5386: 5385: 5383: 5377: 5371: 5368: 5366: 5363: 5361: 5358: 5356: 5353: 5349: 5346: 5344: 5341: 5339: 5336: 5335: 5334: 5331: 5329: 5326: 5324: 5321: 5319: 5316: 5315: 5313: 5309: 5303: 5300: 5298: 5295: 5293: 5290: 5288: 5285: 5283: 5280: 5279: 5277: 5275: 5271: 5265: 5264:Right to vote 5262: 5260: 5257: 5255: 5252: 5250: 5247: 5245: 5242: 5240: 5237: 5235: 5232: 5230: 5227: 5225: 5222: 5221: 5219: 5217: 5213: 5207: 5204: 5202: 5199: 5197: 5194: 5192: 5189: 5187: 5184: 5183: 5181: 5177: 5173: 5172: 5166: 5162: 5155: 5150: 5148: 5143: 5141: 5136: 5135: 5132: 5120: 5119: 5115: 5114: 5111: 5105: 5102: 5100: 5097: 5095: 5092: 5090: 5087: 5085: 5082: 5080: 5077: 5076: 5074: 5072: 5068: 5063: 5053: 5050: 5048: 5047:Halimah Yacob 5045: 5043: 5040: 5038: 5035: 5033: 5030: 5028: 5025: 5023: 5020: 5018: 5015: 5013: 5010: 5009: 5007: 5003: 4999: 4992: 4987: 4985: 4980: 4978: 4973: 4972: 4969: 4961: 4956: 4955: 4951: 4945:, p. A27 4944: 4940: 4936: 4932:, p. A45 4931: 4926: 4922:, p. A45 4921: 4916: 4912:, p. A28 4911: 4906: 4902:, p. A28 4901: 4896: 4892:, p. A28 4891: 4886: 4882:, p. A28 4881: 4876: 4872: 4867: 4863:, p. A21 4862: 4858: 4857:Tan, Kin Lian 4854: 4850: 4845: 4841:, p. A25 4840: 4835: 4831:, p. A27 4830: 4829: 4824: 4823:Ho, Kwon Ping 4820: 4819: 4815: 4809: 4803: 4799: 4795: 4791: 4786: 4782: 4776: 4772: 4769:, Singapore: 4768: 4763: 4759: 4755: 4751: 4749: 4743: 4739: 4735: 4731: 4727: 4723: 4719: 4713: 4709: 4705: 4700: 4696: 4690: 4686: 4681: 4677: 4671: 4667: 4664:, Singapore: 4663: 4658: 4657: 4653: 4646: 4642: 4637: 4633: 4629: 4625: 4620: 4619: 4615: 4610: 4605: 4601: 4598: 4594: 4591: 4590: 4586: 4575: 4571: 4570: 4562: 4558: 4554: 4553: 4548: 4539: 4532: 4529: 4516: 4512: 4511: 4504: 4501: 4488: 4484: 4483: 4476: 4474: 4472: 4470: 4468: 4464: 4460: 4456: 4450: 4447: 4441: 4434: 4431: 4426: 4422: 4421: 4416: 4410:, p. A12 4409: 4402: 4399: 4395: 4391: 4387: 4383: 4378: 4375: 4371: 4367: 4363: 4359: 4358:Josephine Teo 4354: 4352: 4348: 4344: 4338: 4335: 4329: 4326: 4320: 4317: 4311: 4308: 4295: 4291: 4287: 4280: 4277: 4264: 4260: 4256: 4249: 4246: 4231: 4225: 4223: 4219: 4207: 4203: 4196: 4193: 4181: 4177: 4171: 4169: 4165: 4152: 4148: 4144: 4138: 4135: 4122: 4118: 4114: 4108: 4105: 4092: 4088: 4087:mothership.sg 4084: 4078: 4075: 4062: 4058: 4054: 4048: 4045: 4039: 4036: 4031: 4030:tendered vote 4025: 4022: 4016: 4013: 4007: 4004: 3998: 3995: 3989: 3986: 3980: 3977: 3971: 3968: 3962: 3959: 3953: 3950: 3944: 3941: 3935: 3932: 3926: 3923: 3919: 3915: 3909: 3906: 3900: 3897: 3891: 3888: 3882: 3879: 3873: 3870: 3866: 3860: 3857: 3851: 3848: 3844: 3838: 3835: 3819: 3815: 3808: 3802: 3799: 3793: 3790: 3784: 3781: 3775: 3772: 3766: 3763: 3759: 3753: 3750: 3746: 3740: 3737: 3733: 3732:countermanded 3727: 3724: 3717: 3714: 3708: 3705: 3692: 3688: 3684: 3677: 3674: 3661: 3657: 3653: 3647: 3644: 3638: 3635: 3622: 3618: 3612: 3609: 3596: 3592: 3588: 3581: 3578: 3572: 3564: 3557: 3554: 3548: 3546: 3542: 3536: 3534: 3530: 3524: 3522: 3518: 3512: 3509: 3503: 3500: 3494: 3492: 3488: 3485:: Art. 45(3). 3484: 3480: 3473: 3470: 3463: 3460: 3454: 3451: 3445: 3442: 3436: 3433: 3427: 3424: 3418: 3415: 3410: 3406: 3398: 3390: 3386: 3379: 3376: 3371: 3367: 3363: 3357: 3354: 3348: 3344: 3343: 3338: 3332: 3328: 3324: 3319: 3316: 3310: 3307: 3303: 3299: 3293: 3290: 3286: 3280: 3277: 3271: 3268: 3262: 3259: 3253: 3250: 3244: 3241: 3235: 3232: 3226: 3223: 3217: 3214: 3207: 3204: 3198: 3195: 3186: 3182: 3181: 3173: 3169: 3163: 3161: 3157: 3151: 3148: 3136:on 9 May 2010 3132: 3125: 3124: 3117: 3114: 3108: 3105: 3099: 3096: 3090: 3087: 3081: 3078: 3072: 3069: 3063: 3060: 3054: 3051: 3045: 3042: 3036: 3033: 3027: 3024: 3018: 3015: 3003: 2999: 2995: 2991: 2984: 2981: 2976: 2972: 2968: 2962: 2959: 2946: 2942: 2938: 2932: 2929: 2916: 2912: 2908: 2901: 2898: 2885: 2881: 2875: 2872: 2859: 2855: 2849: 2846: 2833: 2829: 2823: 2820: 2804: 2797: 2790: 2787: 2781: 2778: 2765: 2761: 2757: 2750: 2747: 2743: 2739: 2734: 2732: 2728: 2724: 2720: 2715: 2713: 2709: 2704: 2697: 2694: 2682: 2678: 2671: 2668: 2663: 2657: 2654: 2651: 2646: 2643: 2637: 2629: 2617: 2613: 2607: 2599: 2595: 2591: 2586: 2583: 2576: 2568: 2564: 2558: 2555: 2549: 2546: 2539: 2535: 2532: 2530: 2527: 2525: 2522: 2521: 2517: 2495: 2487: 2484: 2482: 2479: 2476: 2474: 2467: 2460: 2458: 2455: 2449: 2448: 2444: 2441: 2437: 2435: 2432: 2431: 2428: 2427: 2423: 2421: 2418: 2415: 2408: 2401: 2399: 2396: 2390: 2389: 2388:Halimah Yacob 2385: 2382: 2378: 2376: 2373: 2372: 2364: 2363: 2359: 2354: 2349: 2346: 2344: 2341: 2338: 2331: 2324: 2322: 2319: 2313: 2312: 2308: 2305: 2301: 2299: 2296: 2295: 2292: 2289: 2288: 2285: 2284: 2278: 2275: 2256: 2247: 2246: 2239: 2233: 2229: 2224: 2221: 2219: 2216: 2213: 2206: 2199: 2197: 2194: 2188: 2187: 2183: 2180: 2176: 2174: 2171: 2170: 2167: 2164: 2163: 2157: 2154: 2135: 2126: 2125: 2117: 2113: 2105: 2104: 2100: 2096: 2088: 2087: 2086:Wee Chong Jin 2083: 2082:Chief Justice 2079: 2073: 2070: 2067: 2060: 2053: 2051: 2048: 2042: 2041: 2037: 2035: 2033: 2030: 2029: 2021: 2020: 2016: 2012: 2009: 2006: 2005: 2002: 1999: 1998: 1992: 1989: 1963: 1962: 1954: 1950: 1942: 1941: 1937: 1933: 1930: 1927: 1926: 1919: 1900: 1891: 1890: 1882: 1878: 1867: 1855:Prior office 1851:(Birth–Death) 1840: 1834: 1832: 1828: 1825: 1822: 1817: 1815: 1810: 1802: 1797: 1790: 1788: 1786: 1782: 1773: 1768: 1765:not serve in 1764: 1761: 1758: 1755: 1754: 1753: 1750: 1748: 1742: 1740: 1734: 1727: 1715: 1712: 1704: 1701: 1693: 1690: 1682: 1679: 1667: 1664: 1656: 1653: 1651: 1648: 1647: 1643: 1640: 1638: 1635: 1634: 1630: 1627: 1625: 1622: 1621: 1610: 1605: 1602: 1599: 1595: 1591: 1586: 1583: 1578: 1576: 1572: 1571:2011 election 1564: 1562: 1559: 1554: 1550: 1545: 1543: 1539: 1535: 1530: 1526: 1524: 1520: 1516: 1512: 1508: 1504: 1500: 1496: 1492: 1487: 1483: 1479: 1474: 1472: 1465: 1461: 1456: 1449: 1447: 1445: 1439: 1437: 1433: 1429: 1419: 1415: 1411: 1408: 1404: 1400: 1396: 1393: 1389: 1385: 1381: 1377: 1373: 1369: 1365: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1350: 1346: 1345:Chief Justice 1342: 1338: 1337: 1335: 1332: 1328: 1325: 1324: 1318: 1315: 1311: 1307: 1304: 1301: 1298: 1295: 1294: 1293: 1292: 1288: 1285: 1282: 1279: 1276: 1272: 1271: 1270: 1264: 1261: 1253: 1251: 1249: 1244: 1239: 1237: 1233: 1229: 1224: 1222: 1217: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1203: 1199: 1195: 1191: 1187: 1186:chief justice 1182: 1179: 1173: 1171: 1166: 1161: 1158: 1150: 1146: 1141: 1136: 1128: 1126: 1124: 1120: 1116: 1112: 1106: 1104: 1100: 1096: 1093: 1092: 1086: 1082: 1077: 1075: 1071: 1067: 1062: 1060: 1052: 1048: 1045: 1041: 1037: 1035: 1031: 1027: 1023: 1019: 1018:Chief Justice 1013: 1011: 1007: 1002: 1001:head of state 994: 992: 988: 986: 982: 978: 973: 971: 967: 962: 958: 957:Halimah Yacob 953: 949: 947: 944:are the only 943: 939: 935: 931: 927: 922: 920: 916: 911: 909: 905: 900: 896: 892: 888: 884: 879: 877: 873: 869: 865: 861: 857: 852: 850: 845: 841: 837: 833: 828: 826: 822: 821:Goh Chok Tong 817: 813: 808: 806: 802: 798: 794: 786: 782: 774: 772: 770: 766: 762: 758: 754: 749: 747: 743: 740:, led by the 739: 735: 731: 728: 724: 720: 716: 712: 707: 705: 701: 697: 693: 692:reserve power 689: 681: 680: 675: 671: 666: 664: 660: 656: 652: 648: 647:head of state 644: 632: 627: 625: 620: 618: 613: 612: 610: 609: 603: 600: 599: 597: 587: 586: 579: 576: 574: 571: 570: 567: 562: 561: 554: 551: 549: 548: 544: 543: 539: 536: 534: 531: 529: 526: 524: 521: 520: 517: 516: 512: 511: 507: 504: 503:Chief Justice 501: 500: 497: 496: 492: 491: 488: 483: 482: 475: 472: 470: 467: 465: 462: 461: 456: 452: 451:Lawrence Wong 449: 448: 445: 444: 440: 439: 435: 431: 428: 427: 424: 423: 419: 418: 415: 410: 409: 402: 399: 398: 394: 391: 390: 389: 387: 379: 375: 372: 369: 368: 364: 360: 357: 354: 353: 349: 345: 342: 339: 338: 335: 334: 330: 329: 326: 321: 320: 313: 310: 308: 305: 304: 301: 300: 296: 295: 292: 287: 286: 283: 282: 278: 274: 273: 269: 264: 260: 256: 255: 247: 243: 239: 235: 232: 228: 225: 222: 218: 215: 212: 208: 194: 190: 187: 184: 180: 176: 174: 170: 165: 159: 156: 152: 149: 146: 144: 140: 137: 136:Head of state 134: 130: 122: 119: 115: 112: 111: 109: 107: 103: 100: 96: 89: 81: 74: 70: 65: 60: 53: 48: 40: 37: 33: 19: 7151: 6934: 6810:Bibliography 6752:Coat of arms 6729:Singaporeans 6650:Architecture 6597:Prostitution 6547:Demographics 6386: 6365:Conscription 6350:Human rights 6318:Constitution 5917:Sedition Act 5857:Criminal law 5794: 5682:Human rights 5669:Constitution 5659:State Courts 5600: 5564: 5423:State Courts 5348:By-elections 5338:Presidential 5317: 5302:The Reserves 5281: 5169: 5116: 5037:S. R. Nathan 4997: 4942: 4929: 4919: 4909: 4899: 4889: 4879: 4870: 4860: 4848: 4838: 4826: 4816:News reports 4793: 4790:Thio, Li-ann 4766: 4745: 4725: 4703: 4684: 4661: 4644: 4640: 4623: 4574:the original 4567: 4540:, p. A9 4537: 4531: 4519:, retrieved 4515:the original 4509: 4503: 4491:, retrieved 4487:the original 4481: 4459:the original 4449: 4439: 4433: 4425:the original 4418: 4407: 4401: 4393: 4377: 4369: 4337: 4328: 4319: 4310: 4298:. Retrieved 4289: 4279: 4267:. Retrieved 4258: 4248: 4238:12 September 4236:. Retrieved 4211:26 September 4209:. Retrieved 4205: 4195: 4185:12 September 4183:. Retrieved 4179: 4155:. Retrieved 4146: 4137: 4125:. Retrieved 4116: 4107: 4095:. Retrieved 4086: 4077: 4065:. Retrieved 4056: 4047: 4038: 4029: 4024: 4015: 4006: 3997: 3988: 3979: 3970: 3961: 3952: 3943: 3934: 3925: 3918:the original 3908: 3899: 3890: 3881: 3872: 3859: 3850: 3837: 3825:. Retrieved 3818:the original 3813: 3801: 3792: 3783: 3774: 3765: 3752: 3739: 3726: 3716: 3707: 3695:. Retrieved 3686: 3676: 3664:. Retrieved 3660:the original 3655: 3646: 3637: 3625:. Retrieved 3621:the original 3611: 3599:. Retrieved 3590: 3580: 3570: 3562: 3556: 3511: 3502: 3479:Commonwealth 3472: 3462: 3453: 3444: 3435: 3426: 3417: 3408: 3396: 3388: 3378: 3361: 3356: 3347:the original 3340: 3330: 3318: 3309: 3292: 3279: 3270: 3261: 3252: 3243: 3234: 3225: 3216: 3206: 3197: 3185:the original 3178: 3150: 3138:, retrieved 3131:the original 3122: 3116: 3107: 3098: 3089: 3080: 3071: 3062: 3053: 3044: 3035: 3026: 3017: 3005:. Retrieved 2993: 2983: 2970: 2961: 2949:. Retrieved 2940: 2931: 2919:. Retrieved 2910: 2900: 2888:. Retrieved 2874: 2862:. Retrieved 2848: 2836:. Retrieved 2822: 2810:. Retrieved 2803:the original 2789: 2780: 2768:. Retrieved 2764:the original 2759: 2749: 2702: 2696: 2684:. Retrieved 2680: 2670: 2656: 2645: 2609: 2585: 2557: 2548: 2485: 2468: 2462:14 September 2445: 2433: 2424: 2410:14 September 2403:14 September 2386: 2374: 2362:J. Y. Pillay 2360: 2347: 2309: 2297: 2281: 2243: 2231: 2222: 2184: 2172: 2122: 2115: 2101: 2084: 2038: 2031: 2017: 1959: 1952: 1938: 1887: 1880: 1872:Left office 1869:Took office 1829: 1818: 1806: 1801:Carlos Menem 1777: 1751: 1744: 1738: 1736: 1731: 1650:Tan Kin Lian 1603: 1598:postal votes 1587: 1579: 1568: 1553:ballot boxes 1546: 1531: 1527: 1507:Lim Soo Hoon 1505:(chairman), 1475: 1468: 1440: 1425: 1268: 1243:S. R. Nathan 1240: 1235: 1225: 1218: 1183: 1174: 1162: 1154: 1107: 1097:of both the 1089: 1078: 1063: 1056: 1051:S. R. Nathan 1014: 998: 989: 974: 954: 950: 923: 915:S. R. Nathan 912: 880: 853: 844:Lee Kuan Yew 829: 809: 778: 761:non-partisan 753:Constitution 750: 708: 677: 667: 642: 640: 553:State Courts 545: 513: 493: 474:The Reserves 441: 421: 420: 383: 374:Pritam Singh 331: 312:Human rights 297: 210:First holder 124:(diplomatic) 36: 7130:Philippines 7023:Philippines 6622:Social fund 6418:Agriculture 5468:Citizenship 5201:Rule of law 5027:Wee Kim Wee 5012:Yusof Ishak 4626:: 290–322, 4587:Legislation 4269:1 September 4157:1 September 4127:1 September 4097:1 September 4067:1 September 3983:PEA, s. 17. 3965:PEA, s. 40. 3956:PEA, s. 39. 3938:PEA, s. 63. 3929:PEA, s. 41. 3876:PEA, s. 15. 3867:, s. 28(1). 3697:14 December 3666:15 November 3601:14 December 3565:, p. 6 2921:14 December 2744:) ("MRHA"). 2452:(born 1957) 2426:Uncontested 2393:(born 1954) 2333:1 September 2326:1 September 2316:(born 1940) 2283:Uncontested 2267:1 September 2260:1 September 2250:(1924–2016) 2208:1 September 2201:1 September 2191:(1936–2002) 2146:1 September 2139:2 September 2129:(1915–2005) 2124:Wee Kim Wee 2045:(1923–2005) 1966:(1907–1981) 1911:23 November 1894:(1910–1970) 1889:Yusof Ishak 1814:privy purse 1699:Total votes 1677:Valid votes 1637:Ng Kok Song 1232:white paper 1081:Ambassadors 970:Yusof Ishak 899:Wee Kim Wee 825:Wee Kim Wee 801:Yusof Ishak 727:Westminster 325:Legislature 214:Yusof Ishak 173:Term length 161:(1965–1991) 7167:Categories 7097:government 6988:East Timor 6709:Mass media 6704:Literature 6532:Disability 6440:(currency) 6372:Parliament 6333:Government 6255:Reservoirs 6049:(Repealed) 5937:Family law 5895:Penal Code 5835:resolution 5795:Wednesbury 5755:Illegality 5652:High Court 5606:Parliament 5570:Government 5416:High Court 5323:Parliament 5259:Article 16 5254:Article 15 5249:Article 14 5244:Article 13 5239:Article 12 5234:Article 11 5229:Article 10 5022:Devan Nair 4606:) ("PEA"). 4557:Koh, Tommy 4521:24 January 4493:24 January 3304:), s. 13A. 3140:2 November 3007:16 January 2951:28 January 2686:17 January 2577:References 2469:Incumbent 2055:23 October 2040:Devan Nair 1809:civil list 1785:Parliament 1774:Succession 1767:Parliament 1523:Peter Seah 1497:. 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