Pre-trial detention - Knowledge (XXG)

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or over the weekend. At the first hearing, the court will decide whether it necessary to remand the suspect until the end of the trial. If the suspect is not remanded the court may issue bail conditions for suspect to abide to until the trial. Adults will be held on court remand at a regular prison, while those below the age of 18 will be held at a secure centre for young people. If a remanded suspect is convicted and given a prison sentence, the time they spent on remand is deducted from the length of the sentence. In some cases, a convicted suspect has been released immediately after being sentenced, if the time they spent on remand was longer than or equal to the sentence they received.

807: 1204:. Pretrial detention alters a defendant's incentives by making their best-case scenario not zero days in jail, but the length of time served pretrial. Therefore, a defendant may be more likely to plead guilty if the chance of acquittal is low, or if the expected sentence on a guilty plea is less than the amount of jail time that would be served pretrial. Pretrial detainees may also find it harder to mount an effective defence. This coercive effect on downstream outcomes such as taking plea bargains has been empirically demonstrated to be especially strong for people held pretrial on low-level charges (i.e., misdemeanors). 216: 389:(up to 37 days). During the period of detention, it is ruled out that criminal suspects are released, If the procuratorate does not approve the arrest, the suspect shall be released immediately. If the procuratorate approves the arrest, it will go directly to the stage of investigation and custody. Those who need to continue the investigation and meet the conditions for release on bail pending trial or residential surveillance shall be released on bail pending trial or residential surveillance in accordance with the law. 177:

pretrial system imposes substantial short- and long-term economic harms on detained defendants in terms of lost earnings and government assistance, while providing little in the way of decreased criminal activity for the public interest... the costs of cash bail and pretrial detention are disproportionately borne by Black and Hispanic individuals, giving rise to large and unfair racial differences in cash bail and detention that cannot be explained by underlying differences in pretrial misconduct risk."

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custody by law. If the criminal suspect or defendant has been detained for more than five years, and the case is still in the stages of investigation, review and prosecution, first instance, and second instance, it is a case of'prolonged detention without decision'. Prolonged unresolved cases may also have overdue custody, or there may be no overdue custody after legal procedures have been approved.

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regulations, criminal suspects and defendants may apply to the procuratorial organ for a review of the necessity of detention. If the procuratorial organ considers that detention is unnecessary after the review, it will recommend that the case-handling agency release the suspect or change its compulsory measures.

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Studies of pretrial detention in the United States have found that it significantly increases the probability of conviction and the length of sentences, largely because individuals who would otherwise be acquitted in trial enter guilty pleas. Studies have found that pretrial detention also lowers the

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According to the "Criminal Procedural Law of the People's Republic of China", the investigative agency’s criminal detention period for criminal suspects is 30 days. In addition, there can be a maximum period of 7 days for arrest and review. When the case is transferred from the public security organ

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The detention period is 3 days, and can be extended for 1–4 days with the approval of the administrative person in charge of the public security organ. Suspects who commit crimes on the verge of committing crimes, committing multiple crimes, or conspiring to commit crimes can be extended for 30 days

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is a decision made by the police using the criteria set above. Any such person ‘remanded in police custody’ will be transported from the police cells to the next available sitting magistrate's court. This may be the same day, or may require the remanded individual to stay in police custody overnight

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No person shall be held to answer for any capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger; ... nor be deprived of life, liberty,

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Research on pre-trial detention in the United States has found that pre-trial detention increases the likelihood of convictions, primarily because individuals who would otherwise be acquitted or have their charges dropped enter guilty pleas. A 2021 review of existing research found that "the current

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At any given time in 2011, there were around 2.500 inmates in the Czech remand prisons (including ~170 women and ~45 juveniles), compared to some 20.500 convicted inmates (for 10,6 million population). The average length of remand custody is around 100 days, with few inmates spending in remand more

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for ‘terrorist links’. Often no formal complaint is filed or evidence is presented, preventing detainees from legally fighting in their defense before getting locked up. Meanwhile, human rights groups estimate that at least 60,000 political prisoners have been detained in Egypt, including pretrial

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Anybody may detain a person, who was caught while perpetrating a crime (not a misdemeanor) or immediately after it, when capturing of the perpetrator is necessary to either ascertain the perpetrator's identity or to prevent the perpetrator from escaping or to secure evidence. The perpetrator must

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is usually subject to safeguards and restrictions. Typically, a suspect will be remanded only if it is likely that they could commit a serious crime, interfere with the investigation, or fail to come to the trial. In the majority of court cases, the suspect will not be in detention while awaiting

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Not all remand prisons grant these privileges; in particular, remand prisoners are often forced to wear prison uniforms and denied additional visitation rights, supposedly for safety reasons, although some facilities allow remand prisoners to wear a uniform that is a different color or otherwise

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If a criminal suspect or defendant is found to have been detained for an extended period of time, if the detention center fails to promptly report to the People’s Procuratorate in writing and notify the case-handling agency, the procuratorate stationed in the detention center shall report to the

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The term "remand" may be used to describe the process of keeping a person in detention rather than granting bail. A prisoner who is denied, refused or unable to meet the conditions of bail, or who is unable to post bail, may be held in a prison on remand. Although remanded prisoners are usually

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Extended custody is based on the "Criminal Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China" for criminal suspects and defendants in the investigation, review and prosecution trial stages in which the period of custody of a suspect has been exceeded. Illegal acts that stipulate the time limit of

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Cells have capacity varying between 1–8 beds, with most having between 2–4 beds. Some remand prisons have rooms intended for watching TV, gyms or chapels, but these are exceptional mainly due to overcrowding and lack of space. All have special areas for interviews between the inmates and their

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The 2012 amendments to the Criminal Procedure Law added a system for reviewing criminal suspects in custody after arrest. On 13 January 2016, the Supreme People’s Procuratorate issued the “Regulations on the People’s Procuratorate for Handling Custody Necessity Review Cases (Trial)”. Under the

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In addition to the authority of the public security organs to decide and enforce detention in accordance with the law, the People’s Procuratorate also has the right to decide to detain criminal suspects and defendants in the following two situations in cases directly accepted by the People’s

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The court must review the reasons for the pre-trial custody every three months and decide either to continue it, or to release the charged person. Both the prosecutor and the person in custody may file a complaint against any decision on custody, which leads to review by an appellate court.

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The pre-charge detention period is the period of time during which an individual can be held and questioned by police, prior to being charged with an offence. Not all countries have such a concept, and in those that do, the period for which a person may be detained without charge varies by

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The period of investigation and custody after the arrest of a criminal suspect shall not exceed two months. Cases that are complicated and cannot be terminated after the time limit expires may be extended for one month with the approval of the People’s Procuratorate at the next higher

683:. The compensation can vary, but it is usually 30,000 SEK for the first month; 20,000 SEK for every subsequent month, up to and including the sixth month; and 15,000 SEK for every month after that. Any loss of income is also compensated. In 2007, 1200 people were compensated. 404:

If the investigation cannot be terminated after the expiration of the preceding article, it may be extended for two months with the approval or decision of the People’s Procuratorate of the province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government.

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examination of handwritten lists of names of Egyptian civilians imprisoned indefinitely in pre-trial detention exposed the mockery of the country’s legal limits. There have been no public records of the number of detainees held in pre-trial detention, but according to the

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interfering with witnesses or similar frustration of proceedings, in which case the maximum pre-trial detention period may be only three months, except where the charged person has already been influencing witnesses or otherwise frustrating the proceedings.

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detained separately from sentenced prisoners, due to prison overcrowding they are sometimes held in a shared accommodation with sentenced prisoners. Reasons for being held in custody on remand vary depending on the local legal system, but may include:

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may arrest and detain a suspect after obtaining prosecutor's consent. In an urgent case the police may detain a suspect without the consent. In both cases, however, the police detention may take place only when grounds for pre-trial detention exist

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defendants' prospects in the labour market, and contributes to poverty traps whereby individuals unable to pay bail end up accruing more debt. A 2017 study, using data from New York City, found that pretrial detention increases the likelihood of

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clearly distinguishable from the uniforms of convicted criminals. Often they are denied all visits and all newspaper and media access, for risk of interfering with the investigation, such as communicating a story with fellow remand prisoners.

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has repeatedly criticised pre-trial detention in Sweden for the high percentage of cases where restrictions on communication are applied. In Sweden, communication restrictions include no visits, no telephone calls, no newspapers, and no TV.

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In the Czech Republic, remand takes place in remand prisons or in separated sections of standard prisons. Remand prisons are often in city centres and appertain to court houses. Most remand prisons are over 80 years old, with some, like

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jurisdictions and "preventive detention" elsewhere. However, in the United States, "remand" is rare except in official documents and "jail" is instead the main terminology. Detention before charge is commonly referred to as

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Inmates which are held due to concern of influencing witnesses are held in isolation with very limited possibility of contact with other inmates as well as the outer world (apart from interviews with own attorneys).

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analysis, more than 4,500 people were held under such system of pre-trial detention, some even for more than six months. The Egyptian judicial system has been criticized for falsely charging political opponents of

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In the U.S., pretrial detention has been found to negatively affect local labor markets, especially in areas with high percentages of Black residents, suggesting racialized collateral impacts on employment.

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one third of the maximum detention periods time may be exhausted in pre-trial proceedings and two thirds may be exhausted during the trial. Reaching the maximum time is always reason for immediate release.

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is a pre-trial supervision measure, where a suspect can be jailed for crimes that have a prison term of at least one year. There are two degrees of suspicion: reasonable suspicion is the lower level, and

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A person may be held in custody normally for no more than 14 days (or seven days if the degree of suspicion is reasonable suspicion). After the period, a new hearing is held to determine whether or not

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Report to the Swedish Government on the visit to Sweden carried out by the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CPT) from 9 to 18 June 2009

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Anyone suspected on probable cause for a crime with a punishment of one year or more can be detained... Also, anyone suspected on reasonable suspicion can be detained, within the limits set in 19 §...

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Detailed rules of remand custody are contained in the Criminal Procedural Code. A person may be remanded in custody by the decision of a court only when a number of preconditions is met cumulatively:

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and prosecutor’s offices deal with criminal cases, in which current criminals or major suspects are temporarily deprived of their personal freedom and detained in a statutory emergency situation.

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in a specific place in accordance with the law, restricting or temporarily depriving them. Compulsory measures for personal freedom include arrest and detention. Criminal detention is when

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The Open Society Foundation report also concluded that some detainees face worse conditions than convicted prisoners; for example the suicide rate is three times higher worldwide.

253:). The statutory limits of 48 + 24 hours must be complied with and reaching the time limit should aways trigger immediate release, unless a court has ordered pre-trial custody. 362:

There is a possibility of destruction, forged evidence or collusion. After the People's Procuratorate decides to detain, it shall be executed by the public security department.

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should be extended. For suspects under age 18, "serious reasons" for detention decisions are needed and should be notified to court. From July 2021, a person remanded under

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means that a defendant can be detained even if neither of these threats can be identified, solely because nobody was willing or able to deposit the bail money for them.

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Rättegångsbalken, 24 ch. 2-3 §"1. if he is unidentified and refuses to reveal his name and residence or if his statements on this matter can be assumed to be false, or

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criminal activity with which they were charged, or finish a criminal act they had attempted, or commit a criminal act they were preparing or threatening to commit.

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because of the personality of the charged person, the nature of the crime and its gravity, the objective of the custody may not be reached by a different measure.

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will still allow remand prisoners to vote, unless they have been disqualified from voting for some other reason. Other privileges commonly granted include:

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Special rules of remand pertain to persons who are processed for extradition, e.g. illegal foreigners, those detained due to international (foreign)

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and may be granted greater privileges than sentenced prisoners. For example, most jurisdictions that prohibit convicted criminals from voting in

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immediately be handed over to the police, or when that is not possible, detention of the perpetrator must be immediately reported to the police.

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Each cell has a WC divided from the rest of the cell-space and running cold water. Each cell-mate has own bed, storage locker and chair.

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A person who was remanded but was not sentenced or freed after trial is entitled to financial compensation, which is determined by the

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concluded that pre-trial detention was being overused worldwide, and that most were being held for minor crimes. A 2014 report by the

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chief prosecutor for approval and issue a "Notice of Correction of Illegal Laws" to the detention center in the name of that court.

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Buses of the Czech prison service are characterised by its white-violet color scheme and absence of windows in the prison section.

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2. if he is without residence in the country and there is a risk that he, by leaving the country, evades trial or punishment."

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If a prisoner is sentenced, the remand time counts as part of the prison time, such that less time remains after the trial.

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Chinese public security departments can first detain current criminals or major suspects in one of the following situations:

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there are reasonable grounds indicating that the alleged act was committed and it has all features of the given crime, and

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in cases of felony crimes (i.e. intentional crimes punishable by a sentence with an upper jail term of at least 10 years)

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to the procuratorate and the court, the procedure of "changing custody" must be carried out in accordance with the law.

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detainees and those tried and sentenced for suspicion of having terror links or intolerable political points of view.

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thus grants some protection against being held without criminal charge, subject to the courts' interpretation of what

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the identity of the suspect is not established, if the suspect refuses to provide it or has given a false identity.

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reasons to believe the suspect could leave the court's jurisdiction to avoid its trial and possible punishment

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Remanding occurs if the committed crime has a statutory minimum penalty of at least one year, and includes:

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In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of prisoners held on remand for minor offences,

2717:"The overuse of pre-trial detention: Causes and consequences | Centre for Crime and Justice Studies" 2080: 4289: 4240: 4091: 3861: 3060: 2634:"The Unintended Impact of Pretrial Detention on Case Outcomes: Evidence from New York City Arraignments" 2490: 2437: 1256: 1179:" in order to be convicted at a trial. However, pre-trial detention requires a lower threshold such as " 680: 266: 511:

from being held in prison unlawfully. The right to have one's detention reviewed by a judge is called

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The crime involves a wide range of major and complicated cases with difficulty in obtaining evidence.

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When a person is facing less serious crimes, they are given a summary penalty order by prosecutors.

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the suspect does not have permanent residence in Sweden, and can be assumed to want to leave Sweden.

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of the mentally ill is another category of detention without criminal prosecution, but the right of

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means. Federal authorities have also exercised the power to arrest people on the basis of being a

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cannot be held in custody for longer than six to nine months in total (three months for minors).

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with an offence. A person who is on remand is held in a prison or detention centre or held under

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Preparing to commit a crime, committing a crime, or being discovered immediately after the crime

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there are apparent reasons for suspicion, that the act was committed by the charged person, and

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The Reply of the Supreme People's Court (63) Fa Yan Zi No. 12 on Detention and Custody Issues

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A false name and address is given, with the true identity of the suspect remaining unknown.

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The suspect has breached bail conditions or failed to surrender either now or in the past

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At the same time, there must be reasonable concern, that the charged person may either

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Alternatively, remanding occurs for probable cause suspicion (and lesser crimes) when:

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Healy, Deirdre; Hamilton, Claire; Daly, Yvonne; Butler, Michelle (14 December 2015).

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in cases punishable by an exceptional penalty (i.e. 20–30 years or life imprisonment)

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The charged person may be remanded in custody subject to maximum terms as follows:

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still applies. The scope of such detentions is also limited by the Bill of Rights.

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Pre-trial detention has been described as a "necessary evil". A 2013 report by the

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An exception to the time limits above arises in cases of remand due to concern of

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Major and complicated cases in remote areas with very inconvenient transportation

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more than two years of imprisonment in case of intentionally committed crime, or

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Detailed rules of detention are included in the Criminal Procedural Code. The

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more than three years of imprisonment in case of negligently committed crime,

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The police believe the suspect may commit another crime if released on bail

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the suspect has been accused of carrying out a particularly serious offence

3239: 2822:"The Racialized Consequences of Jail Incarceration on Local Labor Markets" 2700: 2683: 2574: 2536:"Crime Topic Notes (HSC Legal Studies) | Legal Studies - Year 12 HSC" 1924: 1423:"The US Pretrial System: Balancing Individual Rights and Public Interests" 1406: 1393: 1054:. When it comes to non-European states, there are numerous detainees from 3355: 3323: 1364: 1347: 1075: 1027: 1015: 755: 488: 473: 317: 2858:"Egypt's Revolving Jailhouse Door: One Pretrial Detention After Another" 1439: 1172:

called it a "massive and widely ignored pattern of human rights abuse".

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Remanding a suspect following arrest and until their first hearing at a

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More than half of foreign inmates of the Czech remand prisons are from

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Terrorism Pre-Trial Detention: Comparative Law Study Executive Summary

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they have been charged with committing a crime which is punishable by

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the suspect is believed to be in danger from accomplices, victims, or

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reasons to believe the suspect may destroy evidence or interfere with

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Attempt to commit suicide, escape or escape after committing a crime;

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in cases of crimes which are dealt with by a panel of three judges,

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The executive's military powers have been used to justify holding

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the suspect is likely to commit further offences before the trial

195:, was first introduced in England about a century after the 1215 144:. Varying terminology is used, but "remand" is generally used in 3270: 3170: 3050: 2742:"Presumption of Guilt: The Global Overuse of Pretrial Detention" 1188: 1078:. There are mostly only few individuals of other nationalities. 707: 552:

to be "informed of the nature and cause of the accusation". The

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not being required to complete prison-related work or education

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noting that remand was almost always used if the defendant was

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Association for the Protection and Assistance of the Convicted

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The suspect has been convicted of a serious crime in the past

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a risk that the suspect will flee prosecution or punishment.

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Yee, Vivian; McCann, Allison; Holder, Josh (16 July 2022).

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a risk that the suspect will destroy evidence or otherwise

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and continued detention after conviction is referred to as

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deal primarily with Western culture and do not represent a

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Thomas, C.; Cadoff, B.; Wolff, K. T.; Chauhan, P. (2022),

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in cases of crimes which are dealt with by a single judge,

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attorneys, visiting rooms and courtyards for out-walks.

2771:, vol. 117, Harvard Law Review, pp. 2463–2547 327:, run away or remain at large after committing a crime. 189:

The prohibition of prolonged detention without charge,

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Dobbie, Will; Goldin, Jacob; Yang, Crystal S. (2018).

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The police believe the suspect may not appear in court

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The victim or the person who saw it with his own eyes

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Because imprisonment without trial is contrary to the

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presence of prison guards during health care delivery

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is the main remand prison in the Dublin area. If the

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or otherwise similarly frustrate the proceedings, or

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being entitled to additional visiting hours per week

4216: 4184: 4159: 4012: 3816: 3731: 3691: 3610: 3557: 3432: 3423: 3354: 3308: 3189: 3131: 3036: 2916: 746:In most countries, remand prisoners are considered 1535:"Charter of Fundamental Rights and Basic Freedoms" 1137:Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution 1106:The suspect has been charged with a serious crime 967:Deficiencies of remand prisons according to 2010 538:Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution 4361:United Kingdom and British overseas territories 2073:"Imposition of restrictions on remand prisoners" 1630:"Criminal Procedural Code of the Czech Republic" 1598:"Criminal Procedural Code of the Czech Republic" 1566:"Criminal Procedural Code of the Czech Republic" 822:Charter of Fundamental Rights and Basic Freedoms 231:Charter of Fundamental Rights and Basic Freedoms 2632:Leslie, Emily; Pope, Nolan G. (1 August 2017). 2021:"Trials in criminal cases - Sveriges Domstolar" 1398:The Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization 528: 27:Detention after arrest and charge until a trial 417:Severe and complicated cases of fleeing crimes 3286: 2893: 2220:"Criminal Code of the Czech Republic, §14(3)" 1102:, a suspect may be remanded after charge if: 50:The examples and perspective in this article 8: 2379:Collection of the Laws of the Czech Republic 2348:Collection of the Laws of the Czech Republic 2317:Collection of the Laws of the Czech Republic 2286:Collection of the Laws of the Czech Republic 2255:Collection of the Laws of the Czech Republic 2224:Collection of the Laws of the Czech Republic 2193:Collection of the Laws of the Czech Republic 2162:Collection of the Laws of the Czech Republic 2131:Collection of the Laws of the Czech Republic 2100:Collection of the Laws of the Czech Republic 1634:Collection of the Laws of the Czech Republic 1602:Collection of the Laws of the Czech Republic 1570:Collection of the Laws of the Czech Republic 1539:Collection of the Laws of the Czech Republic 340:There are frequent crimes, multiple crimes, 2769:Plea Bargaining outside the Shadow of Trial 1862:The Routledge Handbook of Irish Criminology 1699:Criminal Procedure Law-Article 132 entries 1200:, Stephanie Bibas also noted its impact on 824:, which has the same legal standing as the 237:, which has the same legal standing as the 4043:International Network of Prison Ministries 3429: 3293: 3279: 3271: 2900: 2886: 2878: 2251:"Criminal Code of the Czech Republic, §54" 2833: 2699: 2688:Journal of International Criminal Justice 2424:(in Czech). Czech Omudsperson. April 2010 1438: 1405: 1363: 1272:Powers of the police in England and Wales 275:, detention refers to the detention of a 88:Learn how and when to remove this message 3869:Mentally ill people in the United States 2677: 2675: 2569: 2567: 1528: 1526: 531:or property, without due process of law 1421:Dobbie, Will; Yang, Crystal S. (2021). 1308: 691:Committee for the Prevention of Torture 595:implied by uncertainty as to when the " 330:There is a possibility of destruction, 169:trial, often with restrictions such as 4122:Prison Officers' Association (Ireland) 2736: 2734: 2719:. Centre for Crime and Justice Studies 2499: 2488: 2446: 2435: 2416: 2414: 2412: 2410: 2408: 2406: 2404: 1317:"28 CFR § 115.5 - General definitions" 1175:A person must be found guilty "beyond 456:and charged may be either released on 2627: 2625: 1026:. Other numerous foreigners are from 875:or evade the criminal proceedings, or 644:affect the investigation of the crime 7: 4424: 2062:without being convicted of a crime." 2039:"Justitiekanseln - Frihetsberövande" 1824:Criminal Procedure Law-Article 126-4 1815:Criminal Procedure Law-Article 126-3 1806:Criminal Procedure Law-Article 126-2 1797:Criminal Procedure Law-Article 126-1 1387: 1385: 1383: 1341: 1339: 1337: 1166:Centre for Crime and Justice Studies 369:Review of the necessity of detention 311:identified that he committed a crime 599:" might be declared to have ended. 2715:Martin Schönteich (29 June 2013). 2079:, 11 December 2009, archived from 1923:Freeman, Sinead (1 January 2007). 1788:Criminal Procedure Law-Article 126 1779:Criminal Procedure Law-Article 124 953:Conditions in Czech remand prisons 25: 3212:Evidence law in the United States 2517:Smith, Gillian (September 2014). 1770:Criminal Procedure Law-Article 89 1761:Criminal Procedure Law-Article 69 1690:Criminal Procedure Law-Article 82 1321:LII / Legal Information Institute 768:keeping more personal possessions 4423: 4412: 4411: 3019: 2682:Michels, J. D. (14 April 2010). 2638:The Journal of Law and Economics 1473:Extension of Pre-Trial Detention 1427:Journal of Economic Perspectives 981:insufficient space for out-walks 791:Seal of the Czech prison service 762:wearing own clothes rather than 320:is found in or around the scene. 181:Detention before charge or trial 41: 4193:Countries by incarceration rate 4106:Prison Fellowship International 1835:"最高检紧盯超期羁押和久押不决_中华人民共和国最高人民检察院" 507:, a person is protected by the 3066:Deferred prosecution agreement 2800:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2022.102008 2385:(1961). Prague. Archived from 1968:Rättegångsbalken, 24 ch. 1-3 § 1242:Arbitrary arrest and detention 993:restricted access to telephone 452:, a person brought before the 1: 4461:Law enforcement agency powers 2767:Stephanos Bibas (June 2004), 1262:Law enforcement agency powers 987:lack of working opportunities 201:habeas corpus ad subjiciendum 4085:Prison Advice and Care Trust 2820:Thomas, Christopher (2022). 2575:"Being charged with a crime" 1392:Stevenson, Megan T. (2018). 748:innocent until proven guilty 720:the suspect having previous 271:According to a reply of the 4466:Law enforcement terminology 2788:Journal of Criminal Justice 820:Under Article 8 (5) of the 334:or collusion of confession. 285:public security departments 64:, discuss the issue on the 4482: 4451:Imprisonment and detention 4417:Imprisonment and detention 3345:Stanford prison experiment 2835:10.21428/cb6ab371.128a98c0 1951:"Monthly Information Note" 1891:www.citizensinformation.ie 1214:The July 2022 result of a 984:lack of leisure activities 816:Bail in the Czech Republic 813: 705: 264: 261:People’s Republic of China 29: 4406: 4078:Prison abolition movement 4036:Florida Justice Institute 3225: 3181:Presentence investigation 3014: 1875:– via Google Books. 521:can suspend the right to 414:Major criminal group case 4129:The Prison Phoenix Trust 3573:Administrative detention 2746:Open Society Foundations 2373:Czech National Council. 2342:Czech National Council. 2311:Czech National Council. 2280:Czech National Council. 2249:Czech National Council. 2218:Czech National Council. 2187:Czech National Council. 2156:Czech National Council. 2125:Czech National Council. 2094:Czech National Council. 1887:"Detention after arrest" 1628:Czech National Council. 1596:Czech National Council. 1564:Czech National Council. 1533:Czech National Council. 1352:American Economic Review 1170:Open Society Foundations 978:too intensive nightlight 601:Administrative detention 164:, pretrial detention in 162:presumption of innocence 32:Remand (court procedure) 30:Not to be confused with 4207:Films featuring prisons 4064:Mount Tamalpais College 3718:Prisoner-of-war escapes 3448:Corrective labor colony 1993:Riksdagsförvaltningen. 1252:Extrajudicial detention 947:European Arrest Warrant 229:Under Article 8 of the 3841:Contemplative programs 3548:Youth detention center 3400:Prisoner of conscience 3123:Statute of limitations 2918:Criminal investigation 2498:Cite journal requires 2445:Cite journal requires 1496:Liberty Human Rights, 1470:Liberty Human Rights, 1247:Defence Regulation 18B 811: 803: 792: 702:Detention during trial 566:Involuntary commitment 533: 465: 273:Supreme People's Court 226: 114: 4092:Prison-Ashram Project 3061:Criminal jurisdiction 1257:Immigration detention 975:insufficient daylight 809: 798: 790: 681:Chancellor of Justice 628:is the higher level. 323:Attempting to commit 267:Penal system in China 265:Further information: 218: 203:in 1305 was cited by 130:provisional detention 105: 4276:Ireland, Republic of 3966:Solitary confinement 3527:Prisoner-of-war camp 3101:Inquisitorial system 3038:Criminal prosecution 2978:Reasonable suspicion 2953:Exigent circumstance 1955:Irish Prison Service 1680:on 22 February 2015. 1670:"刑事拘留有无羁押期限吗-沈阳刑事律师" 1365:10.1257/aer.20161503 1292:Summary jurisdiction 1287:Security certificate 1228:Abdel Fattah el-Sisi 1181:reasonable suspicion 724:for similar offences 593:indefinite detention 509:federal Constitution 126:preventive detention 70:create a new article 62:improve this article 4143:Prison Reform Trust 3118:Preliminary hearing 2701:10.1093/jicj/mqq015 2599:. 16 September 2008 2477:on 31 December 2013 2083:on 19 December 2010 2027:. 28 November 2005. 1440:10.1257/jep.35.4.49 1407:10.1093/jleo/ewy019 1282:Restorative justice 1267:Nightwalker Statute 1088:Republic of Ireland 1082:Republic of Ireland 585:unlawful combatants 554:U.S. Bill of Rights 550:criminal defendants 460:or held on remand ( 450:Republic of Ireland 444:Republic of Ireland 344:and major suspects. 166:liberal democracies 118:Pre-trial detention 4456:Criminal procedure 4150:WriteAPrisoner.com 3913:Protective custody 3462:Extermination camp 3393:Political prisoner 3046:Adversarial system 2988:Search and seizure 2958:Knock-and-announce 2909:Criminal procedure 2862:The New York Times 1904:Gallagher, Conor. 1297:Unlawful combatant 1197:Harvard Law Review 1124:magistrates' court 812: 804: 793: 605:illegal immigrants 589:civilian internees 519:state of emergency 383:Criminal detention 239:Czech Constitution 227: 205:William Blackstone 115: 18:Pretrial detention 4438: 4437: 4374:England and Wales 4114:Prison Legal News 4099:Prison Fellowship 4057:Justice Defenders 3727: 3726: 3331:Prison healthcare 3268: 3267: 3250:Wikimedia Commons 3197:Criminal defenses 3132:Charges and pleas 3056:Bill of attainder 2993:Search of persons 2389:on 7 October 2017 2045:. 15 August 2019. 1929:Conference Papers 1100:England and Wales 695:Council of Europe 485:Fr. Peter McVerry 470:Cloverhill Prison 394:Detective custody 98: 97: 90: 72:, as appropriate. 16:(Redirected from 4473: 4431: 4427: 4426: 4419: 4415: 4414: 4399: 4390: 4383: 4381:Northern Ireland 4376: 4369: 4362: 4357: 4350: 4341: 4334: 4327: 4320: 4313: 4306: 4299: 4292: 4285: 4278: 4271: 4264: 4257: 4250: 4243: 4236: 4229: 4209: 4202: 4195: 4177: 4170: 4152: 4145: 4138: 4131: 4124: 4117: 4108: 4101: 4094: 4087: 4080: 4073: 4066: 4059: 4052: 4045: 4038: 4031: 4024: 4003: 3996: 3989: 3982: 3975: 3968: 3961: 3954: 3945: 3938: 3929: 3922: 3915: 3906: 3899: 3892: 3885: 3878: 3871: 3864: 3857: 3850: 3843: 3834: 3827: 3809: 3802: 3795: 3786: 3779: 3772: 3763: 3756: 3749: 3742: 3720: 3711: 3704: 3684: 3677: 3670: 3663: 3656: 3649: 3642: 3635: 3628: 3621: 3603: 3596: 3589: 3587:Maximum security 3582: 3575: 3568: 3550: 3543: 3536: 3529: 3522: 3515: 3506: 3499: 3492: 3485: 3478: 3471: 3464: 3457: 3450: 3443: 3430: 3416: 3409: 3402: 3395: 3388: 3381: 3374: 3367: 3347: 3340: 3333: 3326: 3319: 3295: 3288: 3281: 3272: 3029: 3024: 3023: 2983:Right to silence 2902: 2895: 2888: 2879: 2873: 2872: 2870: 2868: 2853: 2847: 2846: 2844: 2842: 2837: 2826:Race and Justice 2817: 2811: 2810: 2779: 2773: 2772: 2764: 2758: 2757: 2755: 2753: 2748:. September 2014 2738: 2729: 2728: 2726: 2724: 2712: 2706: 2705: 2703: 2679: 2670: 2669: 2629: 2620: 2618:18 U.S.C. § 3142 2615: 2609: 2608: 2606: 2604: 2589: 2583: 2582: 2571: 2562: 2561: 2550: 2544: 2543: 2532: 2526: 2525: 2523: 2514: 2508: 2507: 2501: 2496: 2494: 2486: 2484: 2482: 2476: 2469: 2461: 2455: 2454: 2448: 2443: 2441: 2433: 2431: 2429: 2418: 2399: 2398: 2396: 2394: 2370: 2364: 2363: 2361: 2359: 2339: 2333: 2332: 2330: 2328: 2308: 2302: 2301: 2299: 2297: 2277: 2271: 2270: 2268: 2266: 2246: 2240: 2239: 2237: 2235: 2215: 2209: 2208: 2206: 2204: 2184: 2178: 2177: 2175: 2173: 2153: 2147: 2146: 2144: 2142: 2122: 2116: 2115: 2113: 2111: 2091: 2085: 2084: 2069: 2063: 2053: 2047: 2046: 2035: 2029: 2028: 2017: 2011: 2010: 2008: 2006: 1999:www.riksdagen.se 1990: 1984: 1977: 1971: 1965: 1959: 1958: 1947: 1941: 1940: 1920: 1914: 1913: 1901: 1895: 1894: 1883: 1877: 1876: 1856: 1850: 1849: 1847: 1845: 1831: 1825: 1822: 1816: 1813: 1807: 1804: 1798: 1795: 1789: 1786: 1780: 1777: 1771: 1768: 1762: 1759: 1753: 1752: 1741: 1735: 1734: 1732: 1730: 1721:. Archived from 1715: 1709: 1706: 1700: 1697: 1691: 1688: 1682: 1681: 1676:. Archived from 1666: 1660: 1657: 1651: 1649: 1647: 1645: 1625: 1619: 1617: 1615: 1613: 1593: 1587: 1585: 1583: 1581: 1561: 1555: 1554: 1552: 1550: 1530: 1521: 1520: 1519: 1517: 1512:on 11 April 2008 1511: 1505:, archived from 1504: 1493: 1487: 1486: 1485: 1483: 1478: 1467: 1461: 1460: 1442: 1418: 1412: 1411: 1409: 1389: 1378: 1377: 1367: 1343: 1332: 1331: 1329: 1327: 1313: 1187:, the system of 1177:reasonable doubt 581:prisoners of war 577:enemy combatants 562:material witness 540: 427:Extended custody 120:, also known as 113:, Czech Republic 93: 86: 82: 79: 73: 45: 44: 37: 21: 4481: 4480: 4476: 4475: 4474: 4472: 4471: 4470: 4441: 4440: 4439: 4434: 4422: 4410: 4402: 4395: 4386: 4379: 4372: 4365: 4360: 4353: 4346: 4337: 4330: 4323: 4316: 4309: 4302: 4295: 4288: 4281: 4274: 4267: 4260: 4253: 4246: 4239: 4232: 4225: 4212: 4205: 4198: 4191: 4180: 4173: 4166: 4155: 4148: 4141: 4134: 4127: 4120: 4111: 4104: 4097: 4090: 4083: 4076: 4069: 4062: 4055: 4048: 4041: 4034: 4027: 4019: 4008: 3999: 3994:Women in prison 3992: 3985: 3978: 3971: 3964: 3957: 3950: 3941: 3934: 3925: 3918: 3911: 3902: 3897:Private prisons 3895: 3888: 3881: 3874: 3867: 3860: 3853: 3846: 3839: 3830: 3823: 3812: 3805: 3798: 3791: 3782: 3775: 3768: 3759: 3752: 3745: 3738: 3723: 3716: 3707: 3700: 3687: 3680: 3673: 3666: 3659: 3652: 3645: 3638: 3631: 3624: 3617: 3606: 3599: 3592: 3585: 3578: 3571: 3564: 3558:Security levels 3553: 3546: 3539: 3532: 3525: 3518: 3511: 3502: 3495: 3488: 3481: 3474: 3467: 3460: 3453: 3446: 3439: 3419: 3412: 3407:Prisoner of war 3405: 3398: 3391: 3384: 3377: 3370: 3363: 3350: 3343: 3336: 3329: 3322: 3315: 3304: 3299: 3269: 3264: 3221: 3185: 3166:Peremptory plea 3160:Nolo contendere 3127: 3032: 3025: 3018: 3012: 2968:Pretextual stop 2963:Miranda warning 2912: 2911:(investigation) 2906: 2876: 2866: 2864: 2855: 2854: 2850: 2840: 2838: 2819: 2818: 2814: 2781: 2780: 2776: 2766: 2765: 2761: 2751: 2749: 2740: 2739: 2732: 2722: 2720: 2714: 2713: 2709: 2681: 2680: 2673: 2631: 2630: 2623: 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1689: 1685: 1668: 1667: 1663: 1658: 1654: 1643: 1641: 1627: 1626: 1622: 1611: 1609: 1595: 1594: 1590: 1579: 1577: 1563: 1562: 1558: 1548: 1546: 1532: 1531: 1524: 1515: 1513: 1509: 1502: 1495: 1494: 1490: 1481: 1479: 1476: 1469: 1468: 1464: 1420: 1419: 1415: 1391: 1390: 1381: 1345: 1344: 1335: 1325: 1323: 1315: 1314: 1310: 1306: 1301: 1237: 1202:plea bargaining 1162: 1149: 1133: 1096: 1084: 1036:North Macedonia 997: 996: 969:Czech ombudsman 955: 818: 785: 710: 704: 613: 546:Sixth Amendment 542: 535: 501: 446: 380: 371: 352:Procuratorate:. 332:forged evidence 293: 269: 263: 213: 183: 94: 83: 77: 74: 59: 46: 42: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 4479: 4477: 4469: 4468: 4463: 4458: 4453: 4443: 4442: 4436: 4435: 4433: 4432: 4420: 4407: 4404: 4403: 4401: 4400: 4393: 4392: 4391: 4384: 4377: 4370: 4358: 4351: 4344: 4343: 4342: 4328: 4321: 4314: 4307: 4300: 4293: 4286: 4279: 4272: 4265: 4258: 4251: 4244: 4237: 4230: 4222: 4220: 4214: 4213: 4211: 4210: 4203: 4196: 4188: 4186: 4182: 4181: 4179: 4178: 4171: 4168:Rehabilitation 4163: 4161: 4160:Leaving prison 4157: 4156: 4154: 4153: 4146: 4139: 4132: 4125: 4118: 4109: 4102: 4095: 4088: 4081: 4074: 4067: 4060: 4053: 4050:Justice Action 4046: 4039: 4032: 4029:Black and Pink 4025: 4016: 4014: 4010: 4009: 4007: 4006: 4005: 4004: 3990: 3983: 3976: 3969: 3962: 3955: 3948: 3947: 3946: 3932: 3931: 3930: 3916: 3909: 3908: 3907: 3893: 3886: 3879: 3872: 3865: 3858: 3851: 3844: 3837: 3836: 3835: 3820: 3818: 3814: 3813: 3811: 3810: 3803: 3796: 3789: 3788: 3787: 3780: 3766: 3765: 3764: 3750: 3743: 3735: 3733: 3729: 3728: 3725: 3724: 3722: 3721: 3714: 3713: 3712: 3702:Prison escapes 3697: 3695: 3689: 3688: 3686: 3685: 3678: 3671: 3664: 3657: 3650: 3643: 3636: 3629: 3622: 3614: 3612: 3608: 3607: 3605: 3604: 3597: 3590: 3583: 3576: 3569: 3561: 3559: 3555: 3554: 3552: 3551: 3544: 3537: 3530: 3523: 3516: 3509: 3508: 3507: 3500: 3486: 3479: 3472: 3465: 3458: 3451: 3444: 3436: 3434: 3427: 3421: 3420: 3418: 3417: 3410: 3403: 3396: 3389: 3382: 3375: 3368: 3360: 3358: 3352: 3351: 3349: 3348: 3341: 3334: 3327: 3320: 3312: 3310: 3306: 3305: 3300: 3298: 3297: 3290: 3283: 3275: 3266: 3265: 3263: 3262: 3257: 3252: 3247: 3242: 3237: 3232: 3226: 3223: 3222: 3220: 3219: 3214: 3209: 3204: 3199: 3193: 3191: 3187: 3186: 3184: 3183: 3178: 3173: 3168: 3163: 3156: 3151: 3146: 3141: 3135: 3133: 3129: 3128: 3126: 3125: 3120: 3115: 3110: 3107:Nolle prosequi 3103: 3098: 3093: 3086: 3081: 3076: 3068: 3063: 3058: 3053: 3048: 3042: 3040: 3034: 3033: 3031: 3030: 3015: 3013: 3011: 3010: 3005: 3000: 2998:Search warrant 2995: 2990: 2985: 2980: 2975: 2973:Probable cause 2970: 2965: 2960: 2955: 2950: 2945: 2943:Consent search 2940: 2938:Arrest warrant 2935: 2930: 2922: 2920: 2914: 2913: 2907: 2905: 2904: 2897: 2890: 2882: 2875: 2874: 2848: 2812: 2774: 2759: 2730: 2707: 2694:(2): 407–424. 2671: 2650:10.1086/695285 2644:(3): 529–557. 2621: 2610: 2584: 2563: 2545: 2527: 2509: 2500:|journal= 2456: 2447:|journal= 2400: 2365: 2354:(1961). Prague 2334: 2323:(1961). Prague 2303: 2292:(1961). Prague 2272: 2261:(2009). Prague 2241: 2230:(2009). Prague 2210: 2199:(1961). Prague 2179: 2168:(1961). Prague 2148: 2137:(1961). Prague 2117: 2106:(1961). Prague 2086: 2064: 2048: 2030: 2025:www.domstol.se 2012: 1985: 1972: 1960: 1942: 1915: 1896: 1878: 1871: 1851: 1839:www.spp.gov.cn 1826: 1817: 1808: 1799: 1790: 1781: 1772: 1763: 1754: 1749:www.spp.gov.cn 1745:"最高人民檢察院網上發布廳" 1736: 1710: 1701: 1692: 1683: 1674:shenyxslaw.com 1661: 1652: 1640:(1961). Prague 1620: 1608:(1961). Prague 1588: 1576:(1961). Prague 1556: 1545:(1993). Prague 1522: 1488: 1462: 1413: 1379: 1358:(2): 201–240. 1333: 1307: 1305: 1302: 1300: 1299: 1294: 1289: 1284: 1279: 1277:Quasi-criminal 1274: 1269: 1264: 1259: 1254: 1249: 1244: 1238: 1236: 1233: 1217:New York Times 1161: 1158: 1148: 1145: 1141:excessive bail 1132: 1129: 1120: 1119: 1116: 1113: 1110: 1107: 1095: 1094:United Kingdom 1092: 1083: 1080: 1011:than 2 years. 995: 994: 991: 988: 985: 982: 979: 976: 965: 964: 960:Pankrác Prison 954: 951: 923: 922: 916: 910: 904: 894: 893: 886: 876: 865: 864: 861: 858: 854: 853: 852: 851: 845: 844: 843: 842: 839: 784: 783:Czech Republic 781: 776: 775: 772: 769: 766: 764:prison uniform 744: 743: 737: 734: 728: 725: 718: 703: 700: 662: 661: 658: 651: 650: 647: 640: 626:probable cause 612: 609: 527: 500: 497: 454:District Court 445: 442: 429: 428: 424: 423: 422: 421: 418: 415: 412: 402: 401: 396: 395: 391: 390: 385: 384: 379: 378:During custody 376: 370: 367: 366: 365: 364: 363: 360: 354: 353: 348: 347: 346: 345: 338: 335: 328: 321: 314: 307: 298: 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