688:
585:
558:
1001:
before they are large enough to bloom. For some species, if given frequent light fertilization and kept moist, dormancy can be delayed resulting in larger plants after germination and the interval between germination and flowering decreased by a year or two. Another technique to shorten the interval between seed germination and flowering is to place the plants in a cooler after dormancy has set in, in late spring, and after a number of weeks move the plants to a shadehouse in midsummer where new growth will start. The flowers produce seeds via
504:
715:
800:
661:
44:
79:
831:
335:
531:
612:
742:
773:
902:
1000:
need good drainage and often dry soils in summer and winter when plants are dormant, in the spring plants like moist soils for best growth. Plants grown in dry soils tend to be smaller and lower growing. Since plants typically go summer dormant, seed raised plants need three or more years of growth
279:
that are produced at the top of tall stems rising from where the leaves join the crown. The genus is largely confined to North
America and part of northeastern Siberia. Common names include
1598:
1624:
1546:
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1559:
1389:
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1312:
1732:
1155:
78:
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1338:
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1564:
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318:, which grab hold of the petals, and gather pollen by vibrating the flowers by buzzing their wings (
971:
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694:
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43:
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73:
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52:
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961:
748:
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20:
830:
334:
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837:
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425:
247:
116:
530:
981:
779:
611:
103:
61:
1711:
1110:. Vol. 8. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press – via eFloras.org,
359:
1246:
1105:
741:
1694:
901:
772:
1486:
1430:
1365:
1572:
1466:
1374:
421:
299:. A few species are grown in gardens for their showy and unique flower display.
254:
162:
1457:
1304:
Northwest
Foraging: The Classic Guide to Edible Plants of the Pacific Northwest
311:
1322:
19:
This article is about the section of plants. For the ancient Greek gods, see
1507:
1287:
417:
1681:
1420:
1302:
1676:
1451:
1415:
1359:
1267:
1160:. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. p. 470.
152:
142:
129:
1551:
268:
172:
1577:
323:
303:
276:
1590:
1407:
1332:
1272:(rev. ed.). Missoula, MT: Mountain Press Pub. Co. p. 120.
1181:
1512:
1307:(Rev. and updated ed.). Seattle, WA: Skipstone. p. 141.
381:
333:
307:
261:
species in this section were formerly placed in a separate genus,
90:
388:
studies agreed with morphological and cytological evidence that
272:
1336:
1032:
1499:
315:
1239:
10.1663/0007-196X(2007)59[79:TODTPP]2.0.CO;2
1154:
Cassidy, Frederic G.; Hall, Joan
Houston, eds. (1996).
1104:. In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.).
16:
959:
Several species are found in cultivation, including
392:
was most closely related to one of the subgenera of
1441:
1345:
821:Pretty shooting star, few-flowered shooting star
1213:Mast, Austin R. & Reveal, James L. (2007).
1008:They can be propagated by division in winter.
8:
1208:
1206:
1107:Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA)
384:and projecting styles and anthers. Repeated
1333:
322:). The vibration releases pollen from the
42:
27:
1269:Sagebrush Country: A Wildflower Sanctuary
478:
1157:Dictionary of American regional English
1024:
1059:
1057:
524:Coast ranges of Oregon and Washington
7:
1190:The International Plant Names Index
1669:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004933-2
14:
1042:. International Plant Names Index
824:From Subarctic America to Mexico
1143:Treatment from the Jepson Manual
900:
829:
798:
771:
740:
713:
686:
659:
610:
583:
556:
529:
502:
77:
605:Upper Midwest US, Pennsylvania
873:Arizona, New Mexico, W Mexico
376:could be distinguished by its
1:
948:Big Cottonwood Canyon, Utah
632:California, Nevada and Utah
1733:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
1266:Taylor, Ronald J. (1994) .
1116:Harvard University Herbaria
678:Western arctic shootingstar
349:Henry M. Jackson Wilderness
310:bent back. The flowers are
1754:
1076:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
1072:Plants of the World Online
681:Alaska, NW Canada, Russia
517:Dodecatheon austrofrigidum
211:(L.) A.R.Mast & Reveal
18:
1728:Flora of Northern America
1381:Primula sect. Dodecatheon
1112:Missouri Botanical Garden
1096:Reveal, James L. (2009).
1011:Several varieties of the
705:Broad-leaved shootingstar
221:
216:
74:Scientific classification
72:
50:
41:
30:
598:Dodecatheon amethystinum
448:, and provided names in
420:. Accordingly, in 2007,
306:are thrust out with the
1301:Benoliel, Doug (2011).
813:Dodecatheon pauciflorum
701:Dodecatheon hendersonii
575:Bonneville shootingstar
544:Dodecatheon clevelandii
380:flowers, with reflexed
1129:Oregon Flora Project:
1114:, St. Louis, MO &
977:Dodecathon hendersonii
888:Dodecatheon subalpinum
817:Dodecatheon pulchellum
468:species are placed in
408:is kept separate from
386:molecular phylogenetic
356:
58:Dodecatheon pulchellum
915:Dodecatheon tetrandum
759:Dodecatheon latilobum
651:French's shootingstar
602:Jewelled shootingstar
571:Dodecatheon conjugens
511:Primula austrofrigida
337:
271:have basal clumps of
967:Dodecatheon dentatum
955:Cultivation and uses
945:Wasatch shootingstar
941:Dodecatheon utahense
892:Sierran shootingstar
866:Dodecatheon ellisiae
844:Dodecatheon poeticum
766:Washington to Idaho
755:Dodecatheon dentatum
728:Dodecatheon jeffreyi
708:California to Idaho
674:Dodecatheon frigidum
647:Dodecatheon frenchii
629:Scented shootingstar
625:Dodecatheon redolens
548:Padre's shootingstar
345:Dodecatheon jeffreyi
972:Primula hendersonii
923:Alpine shootingstar
919:Dodecatheon alpinum
870:Ellis' shootingstar
860:Primula standleyana
851:Washington, Oregon
848:Poet's shootingstar
790:Mead's shootingstar
732:Sierra shootingstar
695:Primula hendersonii
538:Primula clevelandii
521:Frigid shootingstar
807:Primula pauciflora
786:Dodecatheon meadia
763:White shootingstar
578:Wyoming to Oregon
428:reduced the genus
362:created the genus
357:
53:Primula pauciflora
1705:
1704:
1638:Open Tree of Life
1339:Taxon identifiers
1314:978-1-59485-366-1
1013:Pacific Northwest
987:Dodecathon meadia
952:
951:
935:Primula utahensis
909:Primula tetrandra
882:Primula subalpina
592:Primula fassettii
565:Primula conjugens
369:Species Plantarum
228:
227:
212:
1745:
1723:Ephemeral plants
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1049:
1047:
1029:
1003:buzz pollination
962:Primula latiloba
904:
833:
802:
775:
749:Primula latiloba
744:
722:Primula jeffreyi
717:
690:
663:
654:Southeastern US
641:Primula frenchii
619:Primula fragrans
614:
587:
560:
533:
506:
479:
340:Primula jeffreyi
320:buzz pollination
285:American cowslip
248:flowering plants
210:
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82:
81:
46:
35:
28:
21:Twelve Olympians
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1026:
1021:
957:
838:Primula poetica
668:Primula frigida
462:
452:for all former
426:James L. Reveal
378:buzz-pollinated
332:
209:
203:
187:
76:
33:
24:
17:
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11:
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1738:Plant sections
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1695:wfo-4000012328
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1223:(Primulaceae)"
1202:
1173:
1166:
1146:
1135:
1121:
1088:
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1023:
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982:Primula meadia
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780:Primula meadia
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289:mosquito bills
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62:Fidalgo Island
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1279:0-87842-280-3
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1215:"Transfer of
1209:
1207:
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1187:
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1174:
1169:
1167:0-674-20519-7
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497:Distribution
496:
493:
491:
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485:Accepted name
484:
481:
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477:
475:
471:
467:
459:
457:
455:
451:
447:
446:Auriculastrum
443:
439:
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431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
404:, so that if
403:
402:Auriculastrum
399:
395:
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387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
370:
365:
361:
360:Carl Linnaeus
354:
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329:
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281:shooting star
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190:Auriculastrum
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104:Tracheophytes
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45:
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29:
26:
22:
1442:
1346:
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1268:
1261:
1250:. Retrieved
1230:
1226:
1220:
1216:
1194:. Retrieved
1188:
1183:
1176:
1156:
1149:
1138:
1130:
1124:
1106:
1099:
1091:
1079:. Retrieved
1071:
1066:
1044:. Retrieved
1039:
1034:
1027:
1015:are edible.
1010:
1007:
997:
993:
991:
986:
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976:
970:
966:
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958:
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933:
918:
914:
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509:
489:
473:
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429:
418:monophyletic
413:
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397:
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389:
373:
367:
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344:
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301:
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275:and nodding
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201:
200:
185:
173:
136:
123:
110:
97:
57:
51:
31:
25:
1573:iNaturalist
1473:Dodecatheon
1467:Wikispecies
1443:Dodecatheon
1375:Wikispecies
1351:Dodecatheon
1217:Dodecatheon
1184:Dodecatheon
1131:Dodecatheon
1100:Dodecatheon
992:Species of
926:California
895:California
793:Eastern US
735:California
551:California
494:Common name
490:Dodecatheon
474:Dodecatheon
454:Dodecatheon
438:Dodecatheon
430:Dodecatheon
406:Dodecatheon
390:Dodecatheon
374:Dodecatheon
364:Dodecatheon
297:sailor caps
293:mad violets
264:Dodecatheon
255:Primulaceae
236:Dodecatheon
206:Dodecatheon
163:Primulaceae
117:Angiosperms
36:Dodecatheon
1712:Categories
1591:30004933-2
1408:60446847-2
1252:2022-04-14
1196:2022-04-15
1019:References
998:Dodecathon
353:Washington
312:pollinated
245:herbaceous
181:Subgenus:
66:Washington
1366:Q21378672
1323:668195076
1233:: 79–82.
1227:Brittonia
456:species.
372:in 1753.
223:See text
197:Section:
87:Kingdom:
1682:40034515
1677:Tropicos
1458:Q2704175
1452:Wikidata
1428:VASCAN:
1421:50308031
1416:Tropicos
1360:Wikidata
1347:Primula
1288:25708726
1247:36908769
1081:9 August
1046:9 August
1040:ipni.org
472:section
444:subgen.
400:subgen.
330:Taxonomy
217:Species
202:Primula
186:Primula
159:Family:
153:Ericales
143:Asterids
130:Eudicots
32:Primula
1718:Primula
1604:1074270
1552:3169252
1221:Primula
1067:Primula
1035:Primula
994:Primula
470:Primula
466:Primula
460:Species
450:Primula
434:Primula
416:is not
414:Primula
412:, then
410:Primula
394:Primula
324:anthers
304:stamens
277:flowers
269:species
259:Primula
250:in the
241:section
232:Primula
174:Primula
169:Genus:
149:Order:
91:Plantae
1651:PLANTS
1643:635478
1539:110733
1526:110733
1321:
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996:sect.
979:) and
436:sect.
382:petals
308:sepals
295:, and
273:leaves
267:. The
252:family
234:sect.
1656:DODEC
1630:59975
1617:23943
1599:IRMNG
1578:49286
1513:1DOEG
1500:38307
1431:22668
1395:28676
1349:sect.
1243:S2CID
482:Image
239:is a
204:sect.
188:subg.
137:Clade
124:Clade
111:Clade
98:Clade
34:sect.
1664:POWO
1625:NCBI
1612:ITIS
1586:IPNI
1565:3908
1560:GRIN
1547:GBIF
1508:EPPO
1487:47BQ
1403:IPNI
1390:GRIN
1319:OCLC
1309:ISBN
1284:OCLC
1274:ISBN
1162:ISBN
1083:2020
1048:2020
424:and
316:bees
302:The
1690:WFO
1534:FoC
1521:FNA
1495:EoL
1482:CoL
1235:doi
1219:to
1186:L."
1069:L."
1037:L."
989:).
969:),
464:17
440:of
432:to
366:in
347:) (
314:by
243:of
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