297:
71:
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him traditionally within
Eastern Orthodoxy, and recognized previously by the Ottoman governments, has on occasion been a source of controversy within the Republic of Turkey. This policy results in problems in the function of the patriarchate, since clergy coming from abroad are not eligible to apply for residence and work permits. In its early days the Turkish state promoted a rival
2202:
who has become better-known than any of his predecessors in modern times as a result of his numerous pastoral and other visits to numerous countries in five continents and his setting up of a permanent bureau at the EU headquarters, in addition to enhancing the long-established
Patriarchal Centre in
2324:
Human rights groups have long protested against conditions placed by the secular government of Turkey on the ecumenical patriarch, a religious office. The same policy also applied to the institution of the
Islamic Caliphate, which was abolished by Turkey. For example, the ecumenical status accorded
2186:
as well as over the barbaric territories, non-converted lands outside the defined area of the
Western Patriarchate (Old Rome) and the other three patriarchates, Alexandria, Antioch and Jerusalem, gave it appellate jurisdiction extraterritorially over canon law decisions by the other patriarchs and
1962:
The patriarch of
Constantinople has been dubbed the ecumenical patriarch since the sixth century. The exact significance of the style, which has been used occasionally for other prelates since the middle of the fifth century, is nowhere officially defined but, according to the Oxford Dictionary of
2054:
This unique role often sees the ecumenical patriarch referred to as the "spiritual leader" of the
Orthodox Church in some sources, though this is not an official title of the patriarch nor is it usually used in scholarly sources on the patriarchate. Such a title is acceptable if it refers to this
2050:
The ecumenical patriarch has no direct jurisdiction outside the
Patriarchate of Constantinople granted to him in Orthodox canonical literature, but his primary function regarding the whole Orthodox Church is one of dealing with relations between autocephalous and autonomous churches. That is, his
2030:
Historically, the ecumenical patriarch has heard such appeals and sometimes was invited to intervene in other churches' disputes and difficulties. Even as early as the fourth century, Constantinople was instrumental in the deposition of multiple bishops outside its traditional jurisdiction. This
1819:
situations and has also convened well-attended pan-Orthodox synods in the last 40 years. His unique role often sees the ecumenical patriarch referred to as the spiritual leader of the
Orthodox Church in some sources, though this is not an official title of the patriarch nor is it usually used in
2022:
Additionally, the canonical literature of the
Orthodox Church grants to the ecumenical patriarch the right to hear appeals in cases of dispute between bishops. However, whether these canonical rights are limited only to his own patriarchate or are universal throughout the Orthodox Church is the
2312:
is the neighbourhood in
Istanbul where the patriarchate is located). According to Turkish law, still in force today, he is subject to the authority of the Republic of Turkey; however, Turkey allows the Standing Synod of Metropolitan Bishops to elect the patriarch. To be electable, Turkish law
2336:
that have led to its closure by the Patriarchate, are also cited by human rights groups. However, in 2004 Patriarch Bartholomew, with the help of the Turkish government, succeeded, after eighty years, in altering the composition of the twelve-member Standing Synod of Metropolitan Bishops in
1995:), is a self-governed polity within the Greek state subject to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in its political aspect and to the ecumenical patriarch of Constantinople as regards to its religious aspect and is home to 20 monasteries and numerous other monastic communities.
2279:
national churches, generally under autonomous patriarchs or archbishops, leaving the ecumenical patriarch only direct control over the ethnically Greek-originated Orthodox Christians of Turkey, parts of Greece and the archdioceses in North America, Asia, Africa and
1799:, or first in honor among all Eastern Orthodox bishops, who presides in person—or through a delegate—over any council of Orthodox primates or bishops in which he takes part and serves as primary spokesman for the Orthodox communion especially in
2259:
in the modern sense. This role was carried out by ethnic Greeks at their great peril, in the midst of enormous difficulties and traps and inevitably with mixed success. Several patriarchs were summarily executed by the Ottoman authorities, most notably
2067:(Rome, Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch, and Jerusalem, in that order) are to be given seniority of honour, but have no actual power over other bishops other than the power of the synod they are chairing (and in which they also wield one vote).
2047:. In 2006, the patriarchate was invited to hear the appeal of a Russian Orthodox bishop in the United Kingdom in a dispute with his superior in Moscow, though the result of that appeal â and the right to make it â were both rejected by the latter.
1297:
2120:, should be elevated to an archbishopric. For many decades the heads of the church of Rome opposed this ambition, due to their existing papal claims, and because they defended the 'Petrine principle' by which all Patriarchates were derived from
2313:
requires the candidates to be Turkish citizens. Since the establishment of modern Turkey, the position of the ecumenical patriarch has been filled by Turkish-born citizens of Greek ethnicity. As nearly all Greek Orthodox have left Turkey (see
1958:
after the conquest of Constantinople in 1453, until the declaration of Turkish Republic in 1923. Today, according to Turkish law, he is subject to the authority of the state of Turkey and is required to be a citizen of Turkey to be patriarch.
256:
is one of the most enduring institutions in the world and has had a prominent part in world history. The ecumenical patriarchs in ancient times helped in the spread of Christianity and the resolution of various doctrinal disputes. In the
2084:, the patriarch is a validly consecrated bishop in Roman ecclesiology, and there is merely an imperfect ecclesial communion between Constantinople and Rome, which exists nevertheless and which may be improved at some point in history.
2154:
declared that "The Bishop of Constantinople shall have the primacy of honour after the Bishop of Rome, because it is New Rome" (canon iii). The prestige of the office continued to grow not only because of the obvious patronage of the
772:
2976:
782:
296:
2055:
unique role, but it sometimes leads to the mistaken belief that the office is thus the equivalent of an Orthodox pope. There is, however, no Orthodox notion equivalent to the papacy: the Orthodox churches operate in the
1866:, one of the fourteen autocephalous and several autonomous churches and the most senior (though not oldest) of the four orthodox ancient primatial sees among the five patriarchal Christian centers comprising the ancient
827:
2230:"caesar of the Romans", one of his subsidiary titles but a significant one. In 1454 he bestowed the office upon an illustrious Byzantine scholar-monk who was well known for his opposition to union with the Latin West,
832:
70:
1901:
The see of Byzantium, whose foundation was later ascribed to Andrew the Apostle, was originally a common bishopric. It gained importance when Emperor Constantine elevated Byzantium to a second capital alongside
802:
2440:âŠhe is viewed as the first bishop of the Orthodox Church. As such, the Ecumenical Patriarch is frequently looked upon as the spiritual leader of the 300 million Orthodox Christians throughout the world.
1117:
1855:
believers in North and South America, Western Europe, Australia and New Zealand, South Korea, as well as parts of modern Greece which, for historical reasons, do not fall under the jurisdiction of the
324:
1844:. 'first among equals', and "ecumenical patriarch" are of honor rather than authority, and in fact the ecumenical patriarch has no real authority over churches other than the Constantinopolitan.
822:
1987:
and they are directly under the jurisdiction of the ecumenical patriarch, the only bishop who has jurisdiction over them. Athos, officially the "Autonomous Monastic State of the Holy Mountainâ (
1731:
807:
2980:
1169:
5009:
4602:
2340:
The Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople has suffered attacks from 1993 to 2004, including desecration of patriarchal cemeteries as well as assaults on the ecumenical patriarch.
1130:
812:
3089:
629:
5074:
4825:
817:
3015:
2609:
His All Holiness Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew serves as the spiritual leader and representative worldwide voice of some 300 million Orthodox Christians throughout the world
2337:
Constantinople so that it can include six bishops from outside Turkey. He has also been convening biennially in Constantinople convocations of all bishops in his jurisdiction.
1016:
747:
285:
81:
31:
5308:
933:
797:
777:
2078:("first") of the Church, as in "first among equals", although future discussions are to be held on the concrete ecclesiological exercise of papal primacy. According to
5384:
4918:
2655:
1302:
792:
787:
2501:
2381:
1400:
668:
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261:, they played a major role in the affairs of the Eastern Orthodox Church, as well as in the politics of the Orthodox world, and in spreading Christianity among the
210:
35:
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730:
720:
4595:
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1516:
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350:
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4940:
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granted it honours equal to those belonging to the first Christian see, Rome, in terms of primacy, Rome retaining however its seniority (canon xxviii).
5066:
4907:
4851:
4777:
4761:
2371:
752:
564:
559:
253:
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2039:. Additionally, in 2005, the Ecumenical Patriarchate convoked a pan-Orthodox synod to express the Orthodox world's confirmation of the deposition of
4971:
4867:
1847:
The ecumenical patriarch of Constantinople is the direct administrative superior of dioceses and archdioceses serving millions of Greek, Ukrainian,
1717:
908:
574:
498:
5139:
4791:
1420:
528:
2836:
4844:
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2376:
2356:
1112:
1069:
569:
370:
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1135:
4952:
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1697:
1415:
5404:
3019:
2793:
5399:
4784:
2391:
2386:
1882:
1820:
scholarly sources on the patriarchate. The Orthodox Church is entirely decentralized: it has no central authority, earthly head, or single
1687:
1677:
1504:
1281:
1163:
381:
359:
229:. The ecumenical patriarch is regarded as the representative and spiritual leader of the Eastern Orthodox Christians worldwide. The term
2629:
2428:
1870:
of the undivided Church. In his role as head of the Orthodox Church of Constantinople, he is known as the "archbishop of Constantinople,
5389:
5049:
5037:
1395:
153:
2092:
The Ecumenical Patriarch bears the name: "(name), by the grace of God Archbishop of Constantinople, New Rome and Ecumenical Patriarch"
5131:
4977:
4956:
2495:
2465:
2422:
1365:
1332:
1122:
1102:
705:
5122:
4835:
4064:
1886:
1863:
879:
1195:
3049:
2956:
2862:
2755:"Oecumenical Patriarch." Cross, F. L., ed. The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. New York: Oxford University Press. 2005.
4932:
4508:
4461:
4441:
4396:
4306:
4270:
4174:
4139:
3942:
3737:
3542:
1055:
992:
508:
2816:
2677:
2300:, and officially refers to him as the "Greek Orthodox Patriarch of the Phanar" or "Roman Orthodox Patriarch of Constantinople" (
5256:
5240:
5168:
5018:
4986:
4897:
4814:
4746:
4730:
4543:
4533:
4471:
4391:
4346:
4341:
4326:
4321:
4296:
4224:
4214:
4199:
4189:
4184:
4159:
4154:
4144:
4079:
3952:
3832:
3497:
3412:
2151:
1915:
1021:
997:
977:
963:
2195:. In the sixth century, the official title became that of "archbishop of Constantinople, New Rome, and ecumenical patriarch".
5414:
5409:
5282:
5248:
5227:
4687:
4466:
4421:
4386:
4376:
4356:
4286:
4264:
4249:
4229:
4209:
4204:
4149:
4104:
4094:
4074:
4054:
4049:
4039:
3989:
3932:
3922:
3902:
3857:
3837:
3817:
3757:
3727:
3697:
3652:
3562:
3517:
3290:
2651:
2592:
2556:
2361:
2344:
1561:
5208:
2226:, who wished to establish his dynasty as the direct heirs of the Eastern Roman emperors, and who adopted the imperial title
2003:
The ecumenical patriarch has a unique role among Eastern Orthodox bishops, though it is not without its controversy. He is
4875:
4538:
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4456:
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4426:
4416:
4406:
4381:
4371:
4361:
4316:
4301:
4239:
4234:
4129:
4069:
4034:
4014:
4004:
3947:
3897:
3877:
3812:
3797:
3747:
3732:
3722:
3647:
3627:
3612:
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3340:
2936:
1532:
1460:
523:
4523:
4518:
4476:
4451:
4436:
4411:
4401:
4331:
4281:
4276:
4259:
4179:
4124:
4119:
4109:
4084:
4059:
4044:
4024:
3979:
3852:
3802:
3792:
3767:
3712:
3662:
3657:
3642:
3632:
3617:
3537:
3532:
3502:
3432:
3427:
3350:
3305:
2343:
After the protests from Turkey, the signature of the Ecumenical Patriarchate has been removed from the statement of the
1702:
1275:
1097:
513:
473:
2736:
2011:("first among equals"), as he is senior among all Orthodox bishops. This primacy, expressed in canonical literature as
5110:
4528:
4513:
4431:
4351:
4336:
4244:
4169:
4164:
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4029:
4019:
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3984:
3937:
3927:
3917:
3892:
3872:
3822:
3782:
3777:
3717:
3682:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3547:
3487:
3467:
3442:
3417:
3407:
3392:
3387:
3365:
3320:
3310:
3275:
3254:
1652:
943:
134:
130:
3059:
2015:("prerogatives", literally: "seniorities"), grants to the ecumenical patriarch the right to preside at pan-Orthodox
5300:
5082:
4366:
4254:
4134:
3999:
3907:
3887:
3867:
3862:
3842:
3807:
3772:
3762:
3752:
3687:
3587:
3577:
3572:
3557:
3512:
3507:
3462:
3402:
3300:
3169:
2920:
1092:
700:
657:
645:
308:
1963:
the Christian Church, the title has been criticized in the Catholic Church as incompatible with the claims of the
5314:
5196:
4291:
4194:
3994:
3847:
3702:
3667:
3637:
3622:
3552:
3527:
3477:
3472:
3452:
3397:
3360:
3355:
3335:
3209:
3139:
1760:
1156:
1050:
903:
884:
594:
355:
266:
91:
5294:
5202:
5181:
4311:
3882:
3787:
3492:
3280:
3249:
3174:
3159:
2100:
The (arch)bishopric of Constantinople has had a continuous history since the founding of the city in AD 330 by
1582:
1320:
1002:
913:
725:
710:
619:
599:
589:
446:
365:
2284:
where growing Greek and other migrant communities have gradually constituted a significant orthodox diaspora.
2031:
still occurs today, as when in 2006 the patriarchate was invited to assist in declaring the archbishop of the
2513:
The spiritual leader of the over 300 million Orthodox Christians worldwide, Ecumenical Patriarch BartholomewâŠ
5379:
5263:
5148:
5029:
5013:
4887:
4652:
4219:
3912:
3522:
3482:
3437:
3224:
3214:
3199:
3060:
A repository with scientific papers on various aspects of the history of the Patriarchate in Byzantine times
2246:
2222:
in 1453, the patriarchate ceased to function. The Patriarchate was restored by the conquering ruler, Sultan
2199:
2024:
1425:
1190:
972:
928:
918:
715:
584:
579:
316:
226:
3050:
Vice President Al Gore welcomes the "Green Patriarch" to the Vice Presidential Residence in Washington, DC.
5270:
5215:
4859:
3677:
2711:
2219:
2036:
1988:
1692:
857:
614:
2472:âŠEcumenical Patriarch Bartholomew I, the spiritual leader of the world's 300 million Orthodox ChristiansâŠ
2207:, Switzerland, and also his ecological pursuits which have won him the epithet of "the Green Patriarch".
3707:
3285:
3234:
3219:
3204:
3194:
3184:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3067:
2765:
2105:
2101:
1878:
1811:
Orthodox churches, but he, alone among his fellow primates, enjoys the right of convening extraordinary
1627:
1385:
416:
199:
2131:
1107:
4961:
4911:
4891:
4804:
4767:
4633:
3974:
3827:
3672:
3315:
3239:
3189:
2833:
2366:
2231:
2163:
1919:
1637:
1602:
987:
535:
441:
412:
242:
5358:
4569:
3295:
3244:
3179:
3129:
2534:
2296:
on 29 October 1923, the Turkish state only recognises the patriarch as the spiritual leader of the
2261:
2117:
1647:
1617:
270:
5394:
5189:
4680:
4663:
4481:
3692:
3422:
3330:
3229:
3164:
3124:
2790:
2112:
to make it into a second capital city in 330, it was thought appropriate that its bishop, once a
2040:
2006:
1926:
1796:
1597:
1527:
1241:
1180:
1045:
982:
956:
420:
330:
281:
216:
126:
2204:
2191:
refused to accept this canon, basing himself on the fact that it was made in the absence of his
1929:
recognizes him as the spiritual leader of the Greek minority in Turkey, and refer to him as the
3054:
4808:
3742:
3607:
3447:
2899:
2889:
2621:
2491:
2485:
2461:
2418:
2412:
2156:
1592:
1587:
1556:
1470:
1445:
1225:
1035:
2332:
Expropriation of Church property and the conditions of state control imposed on the Orthodox
652:
Autocephaly and canonicity recognized by Constantinople and 3 other autocephalous Churches:
5333:
4625:
4557:
4099:
3378:
2301:
2297:
2265:
2071:
2032:
1947:
1856:
1632:
1607:
1435:
1210:
1087:
872:
609:
604:
493:
436:
96:
4725:
4643:
3325:
2960:
2940:
2888:. Translated by Lillie, W.J. Rollinsford, N.H.: Orthodox Research Institute. p. 213.
2840:
2820:
2797:
2740:
2318:
1833:
1829:
1803:
contacts with other Christian denominations. He has no direct jurisdiction over the other
1657:
1612:
867:
742:
695:
17:
2732:
Website of Bartholomew, Archbishop of Constantinople New Rome and Ecumenical Patriarch,
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3265:
2953:
2333:
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1955:
1907:
1890:
1682:
1440:
1405:
1327:
1077:
1040:
862:
190:
2854:
5373:
5338:
4708:
4114:
2813:
2685:
2454:
2276:
2216:
2080:
1808:
1622:
1546:
1511:
852:
249:
222:
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3115:
2192:
2175:
2171:
1375:
1230:
483:
431:
334:
238:
2596:
2570:
2074:, a CatholicâOrthodox document re-asserting that the bishop of Rome is indeed the
2063:
of bishops, in which each bishop has one vote. The five patriarchs of the ancient
1889:, which was created after the Latin capture of Constantinople in 1204, during the
2255:, which included all Orthodox Christians under Ottoman rule, regardless of their
4580:
2733:
2139:
2135:
2121:
1984:
1980:
1450:
1370:
1360:
1345:
1220:
1185:
549:
478:
258:
2933:
2884:
Rodopoulos, Panteleimon (2007). "Institutions of the Ecumenical Patriarchate".
2809:
2561:
2188:
2179:
1800:
1551:
1430:
1410:
1264:
2903:
2271:
In the 19th century, the rising tide of nationalism and secularism among the
5353:
5094:
4701:
4564:
3345:
3110:
3016:"Orthodox patriarchate removed from Ukraine statement after Turkey protests"
2256:
2223:
2125:
2113:
2109:
2064:
2044:
1976:
1911:
1867:
1852:
1825:
1804:
1480:
1475:
1465:
1455:
1380:
1288:
1200:
1082:
451:
388:
375:
277:
2264:, who was lynched on Easter Monday 1821 in revenge for the outbreak of the
300:
Emblem found atop the front entrance of the Patriarchate of Constantinople.
2023:
subject of debate, especially between the Ecumenical Patriarchate and the
4741:
3134:
2242:
1964:
1871:
1490:
1485:
1340:
1270:
1258:
1247:
686:
265:. Currently, in addition to the expansion of the Christian faith and the
3005:, Volume 6: Western Europe and Other, pp. 80â81. Retrieved on 2013-10-07
5098:
2281:
1355:
1205:
234:
2954:
EU Draft Report on Turkey's Progress Towards Accession 2006/2118 (INI)
2769:
1828:, it is significantly distinguished from the hierarchically organized
30:"Ecumenical patriarch" redirects here. For the current patriarch, see
4494:
2321:), this considerably narrows the field of candidates for succession.
2309:
2293:
2272:
2183:
1848:
1821:
1642:
1235:
518:
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273:, charitable work, and the defense of Orthodox Christian traditions.
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2059:
system, whereby ecclesiastical matters are settled by the competent
1935:
2855:"Turkey Divided in Ravenna, Russian and Estonian Orthodox to talk"
2130:
2060:
2056:
2016:
1942:
1812:
1350:
1253:
295:
262:
663:
Spiritual independence recognized by Georgian Orthodox Church:
555:
Autocephalous Churches who are officially part of the communion:
4721:
2143:
1903:
1837:
1215:
394:
4584:
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45:
Archbishop of Constantinople, New Rome and Ecumenical Patriarch
5075:
Assyrian Church of the East Patriarchate of Seleucia-Ctesiphon
4925:
3044:
2593:"Quick facts about the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople"
2566:
2051:
primary role is one of promoting and sustaining Church unity.
5083:
Ancient Church of the East Patriarchate of Seleucia-Ctesiphon
4636:
legacy and branched where multiple denominational claimants:
2834:
Press Release for the election of Bishop Basil of Amphipolis
27:
First among equals of leaders in the Eastern Orthodox Church
2116:
of the Exarch of Thrace and Macedonia, the Metropolitan of
280:, the ecumenical patriarch is regarded as the successor of
1881:
Patriarchate of Constantinople to distinguish it from the
175:
2766:"Mount Athos Home Page â Athos Map â Political Situation"
2159:
but because of its overwhelming geographical importance.
1877:
The Ecumenical Patriarchate is also sometimes called the
2595:. Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople. Archived from
1824:
in a leadership role. Because it has a synodical system
237:, a Greek designation for the civilised world, i.e. the
5112:
Catholicos of All Armenians (Patriarch of Etchmiadzin)
2275:
Christian nations led to the establishment of several
636:
Autocephaly recognized by some autocephalous Churches
2329:, whose congregation, however, has remained limited.
1954:). The patriarch was subject to the authority of the
221:(first among equals) among the heads of the several
5326:
5281:
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5048:
5008:
5001:
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2124:and were unwilling to violate the old order of the
1910:. The see's ecclesiastical status as the second of
1815:consisting of them or their delegates to deal with
1785:
1777:
1769:
1759:
1746:
204:
167:
159:
149:
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122:
117:
107:
102:
90:
59:
43:
2453:
2146:; the patriarch sits on the lower throne in front.
32:Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew of Constantinople
2070:In 2007, the patriarch gave his approval to the
2382:List of ecumenical patriarchs of Constantinople
2138:inside the Patriarchate of Constantinople. The
269:, the patriarchs are involved in ecumenism and
36:List of ecumenical patriarchs of Constantinople
1795:The ecumenical patriarch of Constantinople is
233:in the title is a historical reference to the
145:38 (founded); 451 (granted title of patriarch)
4596:
3083:
2919:"Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople",
2315:Population exchange between Greece and Turkey
1914:were developed by the Ecumenical Councils of
1725:
8:
4624:Traditional ecclesiastical jurisdictions of
5302:Ethiopian Orthodox Patriarchate of Ethiopia
2004:
214:
5005:
4941:Coptic Catholic Patriarchate of Alexandria
4920:Coptic Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria
4717:
4697:
4603:
4589:
4581:
3090:
3076:
3068:
1753:The Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
1743:
1732:
1718:
303:
69:
40:
5316:Eritrean Orthodox Patriarchate of Eritrea
5067:Chaldean Catholic Patriarchate of Baghdad
4908:Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria
4778:Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople
3045:Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople
2372:Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople
254:Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople
4972:Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem
4868:Melkite Catholic Patriarchate of Antioch
2979:. Greek Foreign Ministry. Archived from
2288:Relationship with the Republic of Turkey
2182:(the dioceses of Asiane and Pontus) and
1862:His actual position is patriarch of the
5385:Ecumenical Patriarchs of Constantinople
5141:Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople
4860:Syriac Catholic Patriarchate of Antioch
4827:Syriac Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch
4793:Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople
3099:Bishops of Byzantium and Patriarchs of
2915:
2913:
2751:
2749:
2403:
1993:ÎÏ
ÏÏÎœÎżÎŒÎ· ÎÎżÎœÎ±ÏÏÎčÎșᜎ ΠολÎčÏΔία áŒÎłÎŻÎżÏ
áœÏÎżÏ
Ï
341:
315:
4845:Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch
3003:The United Nations Human Rights System
2971:
2969:
2452:Andrew P. Holt; James Muldoon (2008).
2377:History of the Eastern Orthodox Church
2357:Archons of the Ecumenical Patriarchate
2198:The current patriarch (since 1991) is
284:. The current holder of the office is
276:Within the five apostolic sees of the
187:ecumenical patriarch of Constantinople
2234:, who became Patriarch Gennadius II.
7:
5209:Serbian Orthodox Patriarchate of PeÄ
4785:Latin Patriarchate of Constantinople
2934:Biography of Patriarch Bartholomew I
2865:from the original on 3 December 2021
2392:Latin Patriarchate of Constantinople
2387:Armenian Patriarch of Constantinople
1688:Encyclical of the Eastern Patriarchs
1298:Differences from the Catholic Church
1164:History of Eastern Orthodox theology
241:, and it stems from Canon 28 of the
2487:Encyclopedia of Religion and Nature
1010:Other possible ecumenical councils:
773:Australia, New Zealand, and Oceania
5133:Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem
4979:Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem
2791:AG investigates church sex scandal
2569:. 20 December 2009. Archived from
2533:(Winter 2011/2012). Archived from
2456:Competing Voices from the Crusades
25:
5124:Armenian Catholicosate of Cilicia
5030:Latin Catholic titular episcopate
4837:Armenian Catholicosate of Cilicia
2886:An overview of Orthodox canon law
1864:Orthodox Church of Constantinople
880:American Orthodox Catholic Church
5352:
4933:Latin Patriarchate of Alexandria
4563:
2658:from the original on 10 May 2020
2632:from the original on 31 May 2020
2460:. Greenwood World. p. xiv.
783:Belgium, Holland, and Luxembourg
323:
288:, the 270th bishop of that see.
154:St. George's Cathedral, Istanbul
5257:Patriarchate of the East Indies
5241:Patriarchate of the West Indies
4987:Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem
4632:, sorted according to earliest
2814:Orthodox leader demoted to monk
2678:"Eastern Orthodox Christianity"
2527:"Turkey: Byzantine Reflections"
2504:from the original on 2024-04-28
2431:from the original on 2024-04-28
2152:First Council of Constantinople
1103:Christianization of Kievan Rus'
964:First Seven Ecumenical Councils
5249:Latin Patriarchate of Ethiopia
3018:. 26 June 2024. Archived from
2490:. A&C Black. p. 158.
2362:Church of St. George, Istanbul
2345:June 2024 Ukraine peace summit
2292:After the proclamation of the
2035:incompetent due to his having
1:
4876:Latin Patriarchate of Antioch
2411:Thomas E. Fitzgerald (1998).
2327:Turkish Orthodox Patriarchate
2237:The patriarch was designated
1533:Intercession of the Theotokos
1308:Opposition to papal supremacy
1127:MoscowâConstantinople schism
828:Switzerland and Liechtenstein
292:Status in the Orthodox Church
106:
4491:Patriarchs of Constantinople
3962:Patriarchs of Constantinople
3375:Patriarchs of Constantinople
3055:Patriarchs of Constantinople
2952:EU Turkey Civic Commission:
1098:Christianization of Bulgaria
211:archbishop of Constantinople
5400:Eastern Orthodoxy in Europe
2710:. about.com. Archived from
2557:"The Patriarch Bartholomew"
2334:Theological School of Halki
1653:Photios I of Constantinople
1170:20th century (Neo-Palamism)
1093:Christianization of Georgia
205:
5431:
5390:Religious leadership roles
3269:(Roman period, 330â451 AD)
2943:. Retrieved on 2006-11-28.
2843:. Retrieved on 2006-11-28.
2823:. Retrieved on 2006-11-28.
2800:. Retrieved on 2006-11-28.
2417:. Greenwood. p. 117.
2306:Fener Rum Ortodoks PatriÄi
1992:
1952:Fener Rum Ortodoks PatriÄi
1303:Opposition to the Filioque
846:Noncanonical jurisdictions
225:churches that compose the
29:
5347:
4622:
4552:
2977:"Ecumenical Patriarchate"
2963:. Retrieved on 2006-11-28
2932:Ecumenical Patriarchate:
2832:Ecumenical Patriarchate:
2652:"Eastern Orthodox Church"
1540:The four fasting periods:
1421:Eastern Orthodox marriage
1029:Other important councils:
885:American World Patriarchs
803:Great Britain and Ireland
267:Eastern Orthodox doctrine
194:
172:
77:
68:
64:
54:
50:
18:Primate of Constantinople
5197:Patriarchate of Bulgaria
5182:Patriarchate of Aquileia
2298:Greek minority in Turkey
2220:conquered Constantinople
1583:Athanasius of Alexandria
833:United States of America
625:Czech Lands and Slovakia
447:Four Marks of the Church
206:OikoumenikĂłs PatriĂĄrchÄs
5405:GreeceâTurkey relations
5359:Christianity portal
5311:(1992â2018; since 2019)
5295:Patriarchate of Romania
5203:Patriarchate of Georgia
5149:Patriarchate of Cilicia
4653:Eastern Orthodox Church
4570:Christianity portal
3063:(in English and German)
3001:Human Rights Internet:
2923:2005 Deluxe ed. CD-ROM.
2921:EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica
2128:for political reasons.
2025:Russian Orthodox Church
1416:Eastern Orthodox bowing
317:Eastern Orthodox Church
227:Eastern Orthodox Church
195:ÎጰÎșÎżÏ
ΌΔΜÎčÎșÏÏ Î Î±ÏÏÎčÎŹÏÏηÏ
5271:Patriarchate of Lisbon
5264:Patriarchate of Moscow
5216:Patriarchate of Venice
4497:period, since 1923 AD)
2789:Constantine Markides:
2305:
2147:
2005:
1951:
1941:Orthodox patriarch of
1836:and whose head is the
1693:Eastern Orthodox cross
858:Spiritual Christianity
301:
215:
5415:Ecclesiastical titles
5410:Christian terminology
5190:Patriarchate of Grado
4852:Maronite Patriarchate
3968:period, 1453â1923 AD)
2682:www.religionfacts.com
2134:
2106:Constantine the Great
2102:Constantine the Great
1916:Constantinople in 381
1883:Armenian Patriarchate
1703:Statistics by country
1628:Maximus the Confessor
1056:Constantinople (1872)
299:
85:Since 2 November 1991
5309:Patriarchate of Kyiv
3381:period, 451â1453 AD)
2531:World Policy Journal
2484:Bron Taylor (2008).
2367:Eastern Christianity
2232:Gennadius Scholarius
2174:with ecclesiastical
2164:Council of Chalcedon
2142:is enthroned on the
1832:, whose doctrine is
1781:Ecumenical Patriarch
1638:Theodore the Studite
1603:Gregory of Nazianzus
1461:Russian bell ringing
1386:Liturgical entrances
1196:Essence vs. Energies
1191:Contemplative prayer
944:Evangelical Orthodox
766:Episcopal assemblies
489:Ecumenical Patriarch
442:Apostolic succession
243:Council of Chalcedon
5038:Archbishop of Tunis
4297:Callinicus IV (III)
2983:on 28 November 2011
2708:"Eastern Orthodoxy"
2622:"Eastern Orthodoxy"
2537:on 5 September 2017
2525:Chryssavgis, John.
2414:The Orthodox Church
2166:in 451 established
2037:Alzheimer's disease
1648:Cyril and Methodius
1618:Cyril of Alexandria
1505:Liturgical calendar
1321:Liturgy and worship
957:Ecumenical councils
360:History of theology
271:interfaith dialogue
5054:Seleucia-Ctesiphon
4665:Oriental Orthodoxy
3118:period, 38â330 AD)
2959:2006-08-16 at the
2939:2018-02-27 at the
2839:2016-03-04 at the
2819:2019-11-16 at the
2796:2007-09-30 at the
2739:2019-10-30 at the
2626:www.britannica.com
2599:on 4 November 2013
2573:on 4 November 2013
2294:Republic of Turkey
2148:
2041:Patriarch Irenaios
2007:primus inter pares
1927:Turkish government
1912:five patriarchates
1887:Latin Patriarchate
1842:primus inter pares
1797:first among equals
1598:Cyril of Jerusalem
1528:Feast of Orthodoxy
823:Spain and Portugal
331:Christ Pantocrator
302:
282:Andrew the Apostle
217:primus inter pares
127:Andrew the Apostle
34:. For a list, see
5367:
5366:
5163:
5162:
5159:
5158:
4997:
4996:
4578:
4577:
4357:Callinicus V (IV)
3326:John I Chrysostom
2895:978-1-933275-15-4
2211:Ottoman ethnarchy
2157:Byzantine Emperor
1793:
1792:
1773:Your All Holiness
1742:
1741:
1593:Basil of Caesarea
1588:Ephrem the Syrian
1471:Sign of the cross
1446:Paschal troparion
1226:Mystical theology
1036:Quinisext Council
737:Semi-Autonomous:
382:View of salvation
203:
183:
182:
133:(as archbishop);
16:(Redirected from
5422:
5357:
5356:
5334:Apostolic Throne
5317:
5303:
5288:
5233:
5228:Early Modern era
5174:
5142:
5134:
5125:
5113:
5103:
5059:
5022:
5006:
4980:
4965:
4921:
4901:
4838:
4828:
4818:
4794:
4771:
4734:
4718:
4714:
4698:
4694:
4666:
4661:
4650:
4605:
4598:
4591:
4582:
4568:
4567:
3102:
3092:
3085:
3078:
3069:
3064:
3032:
3031:
3029:
3027:
3012:
3006:
2999:
2993:
2992:
2990:
2988:
2973:
2964:
2950:
2944:
2930:
2924:
2917:
2908:
2907:
2881:
2875:
2874:
2872:
2870:
2850:
2844:
2830:
2824:
2807:
2801:
2787:
2781:
2780:
2778:
2777:
2768:. Archived from
2762:
2756:
2753:
2744:
2730:
2724:
2723:
2721:
2719:
2704:
2698:
2697:
2695:
2693:
2684:. Archived from
2674:
2668:
2667:
2665:
2663:
2648:
2642:
2641:
2639:
2637:
2618:
2612:
2611:
2606:
2604:
2589:
2583:
2582:
2580:
2578:
2553:
2547:
2546:
2544:
2542:
2522:
2516:
2515:
2510:
2509:
2481:
2475:
2474:
2459:
2449:
2443:
2442:
2437:
2436:
2408:
2266:Greek Revolution
2072:Ravenna Document
2033:Church of Cyprus
2010:
1994:
1920:Chalcedon in 451
1885:and the extinct
1857:Church of Greece
1786:Posthumous style
1765:His All Holiness
1754:
1749:
1744:
1734:
1727:
1720:
1633:John of Damascus
1608:Gregory of Nyssa
1436:Paschal greeting
1401:Memorial service
1211:Hypostatic union
1088:Byzantine Empire
873:Old Calendarists
494:Episcopal polity
437:Christian Church
327:
304:
248:The patriarch's
220:
208:
198:
196:
179:
178:
176:Official website
113:
97:His All Holiness
73:
60:Eastern Orthodox
41:
21:
5430:
5429:
5425:
5424:
5423:
5421:
5420:
5419:
5370:
5369:
5368:
5363:
5351:
5343:
5322:
5315:
5301:
5286:
5285:
5283:Late Modern era
5277:
5231:
5230:
5222:
5172:
5171:
5155:
5140:
5132:
5123:
5111:
5101:
5089:
5057:
5056:
5044:
5016:
4993:
4978:
4959:
4947:
4919:
4895:
4894:
4882:
4836:
4826:
4812:
4811:
4799:
4792:
4765:
4764:
4752:
4728:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4704:
4692:
4691:
4685:
4682:
4675:
4664:
4656:
4648:
4644:Catholic Church
4637:
4618:
4609:
4579:
4574:
4562:
4548:
4492:
4486:
4065:Metrophanes III
3963:
3957:
3678:Constantine III
3376:
3370:
3268:
3264:Archbishops of
3259:
3113:
3104:
3100:
3096:
3062:
3041:
3036:
3035:
3025:
3023:
3022:on 26 June 2024
3014:
3013:
3009:
3000:
2996:
2986:
2984:
2975:
2974:
2967:
2961:Wayback Machine
2951:
2947:
2941:Wayback Machine
2931:
2927:
2918:
2911:
2896:
2883:
2882:
2878:
2868:
2866:
2859:www.asianews.it
2852:
2851:
2847:
2841:Wayback Machine
2831:
2827:
2821:Wayback Machine
2808:
2804:
2798:Wayback Machine
2788:
2784:
2775:
2773:
2764:
2763:
2759:
2754:
2747:
2741:Wayback Machine
2731:
2727:
2717:
2715:
2706:
2705:
2701:
2691:
2689:
2688:on 27 June 2015
2676:
2675:
2671:
2661:
2659:
2650:
2649:
2645:
2635:
2633:
2620:
2619:
2615:
2602:
2600:
2591:
2590:
2586:
2576:
2574:
2555:
2554:
2550:
2540:
2538:
2524:
2523:
2519:
2507:
2505:
2498:
2483:
2482:
2478:
2468:
2451:
2450:
2446:
2434:
2432:
2425:
2410:
2409:
2405:
2400:
2353:
2319:Istanbul Pogrom
2290:
2213:
2205:Pregny-Chambésy
2098:
2090:
2001:
1999:Episcopacy role
1979:communities of
1973:
1899:
1834:papal supremacy
1830:Catholic Church
1778:Religious style
1761:Reference style
1752:
1750:
1747:
1738:
1709:
1708:
1707:
1672:
1664:
1663:
1662:
1658:Gregory Palamas
1613:John Chrysostom
1577:
1569:
1568:
1567:
1537:
1517:12 Great Feasts
1507:
1497:
1496:
1495:
1391:Liturgical fans
1333:Divine Services
1323:
1313:
1312:
1294:
1159:
1149:
1148:
1147:
1072:
1062:
1061:
1060:
1026:
1007:
959:
949:
948:
940:
889:
868:Catacomb Church
847:
839:
838:
837:
808:Italy and Malta
767:
759:
758:
757:
735:
726:Bessarabia (RP)
690:
679:
678:
677:
675:
673:
650:
634:
630:North Macedonia
553:
542:
541:
540:
468:
458:
457:
456:
425:
422:
407:
399:
337:
294:
174:
173:
111:
84:
80:
46:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5428:
5426:
5418:
5417:
5412:
5407:
5402:
5397:
5392:
5387:
5382:
5380:Apostolic sees
5372:
5371:
5365:
5364:
5362:
5361:
5348:
5345:
5344:
5342:
5341:
5336:
5330:
5328:
5324:
5323:
5321:
5320:
5312:
5306:
5298:
5291:
5289:
5279:
5278:
5276:
5275:
5267:
5261:
5253:
5245:
5236:
5234:
5224:
5223:
5221:
5220:
5212:
5206:
5200:
5194:
5186:
5177:
5175:
5165:
5164:
5161:
5160:
5157:
5156:
5154:
5153:
5145:
5137:
5129:
5118:
5117:
5106:
5104:
5091:
5090:
5088:
5087:
5079:
5071:
5062:
5060:
5046:
5045:
5043:
5042:
5034:
5025:
5023:
5003:
4999:
4998:
4995:
4994:
4992:
4991:
4983:
4975:
4968:
4966:
4949:
4948:
4946:
4945:
4937:
4929:
4915:
4904:
4902:
4884:
4883:
4881:
4880:
4872:
4864:
4856:
4848:
4842:
4832:
4821:
4819:
4801:
4800:
4798:
4797:
4789:
4781:
4774:
4772:
4762:Constantinople
4754:
4753:
4751:
4750:
4737:
4735:
4715:
4695:
4677:
4676:
4670:italic blue =
4623:
4620:
4619:
4610:
4608:
4607:
4600:
4593:
4585:
4576:
4575:
4573:
4572:
4560:
4553:
4550:
4549:
4547:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4526:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4509:Constantine VI
4506:
4500:
4498:
4488:
4487:
4485:
4484:
4479:
4474:
4469:
4464:
4462:Neophytus VIII
4459:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4442:Sophronius III
4439:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4397:Constantius II
4394:
4389:
4384:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4329:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4307:Joannicius III
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4271:Callinicus III
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4175:Parthenius III
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4140:Athanasius III
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
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4022:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3971:
3969:
3959:
3958:
3956:
3955:
3950:
3945:
3943:Metrophanes II
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3738:Constantine IV
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3543:Constantine II
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3384:
3382:
3372:
3371:
3369:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3272:
3270:
3266:Constantinople
3261:
3260:
3258:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3121:
3119:
3106:
3105:
3101:Constantinople
3097:
3095:
3094:
3087:
3080:
3072:
3066:
3065:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3040:
3039:External links
3037:
3034:
3033:
3007:
2994:
2965:
2945:
2925:
2909:
2894:
2876:
2845:
2825:
2802:
2782:
2757:
2745:
2725:
2714:on 5 June 2016
2699:
2669:
2643:
2628:. Britannica.
2613:
2584:
2548:
2517:
2497:978-1441122780
2496:
2476:
2467:978-1846450112
2466:
2444:
2424:978-0275964382
2423:
2402:
2401:
2399:
2396:
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2374:
2369:
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2349:
2289:
2286:
2212:
2209:
2168:Constantinople
2097:
2094:
2089:
2086:
2000:
1997:
1972:
1969:
1956:Ottoman Empire
1908:Constantinople
1898:
1895:
1891:Fourth Crusade
1791:
1790:
1787:
1783:
1782:
1779:
1775:
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1557:Apostles' Fast
1554:
1549:
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1542:
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1536:
1535:
1530:
1524:
1523:
1522:
1519:
1514:
1508:
1503:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1494:
1493:
1491:Use of incense
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1441:Paschal Homily
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1406:Memory Eternal
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
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1336:
1335:
1330:
1328:Divine Liturgy
1324:
1319:
1318:
1315:
1314:
1311:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1293:
1292:
1285:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1177:
1176:
1175:
1174:
1173:
1160:
1155:
1154:
1151:
1150:
1146:
1145:
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1143:
1138:
1133:
1125:
1120:
1118:Ottoman Empire
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1078:Church Fathers
1074:
1073:
1068:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1032:
1031:
1030:
1025:
1024:
1019:
1013:
1012:
1011:
1006:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
980:
975:
969:
968:
967:
960:
955:
954:
951:
950:
947:
946:
939:
938:
937:
936:
931:
926:
921:
916:
911:
906:
898:
897:
896:
888:
887:
882:
877:
876:
875:
870:
863:True Orthodoxy
860:
855:
849:
848:
845:
844:
841:
840:
836:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
769:
768:
765:
764:
761:
760:
756:
755:
750:
745:
739:
734:
733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
692:
691:
685:
684:
681:
680:
672:
671:
665:
661:
660:
654:
649:
648:
642:
633:
632:
627:
622:
617:
612:
607:
602:
597:
592:
587:
582:
577:
572:
567:
562:
560:Constantinople
556:
554:
548:
547:
544:
543:
539:
538:
533:
532:
531:
521:
516:
511:
506:
501:
496:
491:
486:
481:
476:
470:
469:
464:
463:
460:
459:
455:
454:
449:
444:
439:
434:
428:
427:
426:
411:
408:
405:
404:
401:
400:
398:
397:
392:
385:
378:
376:Holy Mysteries
373:
371:Church history
368:
363:
353:
347:
344:
343:
339:
338:
328:
320:
319:
313:
312:
293:
290:
181:
180:
170:
169:
165:
164:
161:
157:
156:
151:
147:
146:
143:
139:
138:
137:(as patriarch)
124:
120:
119:
115:
114:
109:
105:
104:
100:
99:
94:
88:
87:
75:
74:
66:
65:
62:
61:
57:
56:
52:
51:
48:
47:
44:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5427:
5416:
5413:
5411:
5408:
5406:
5403:
5401:
5398:
5396:
5393:
5391:
5388:
5386:
5383:
5381:
5378:
5377:
5375:
5360:
5355:
5350:
5349:
5346:
5340:
5339:Episcopal see
5337:
5335:
5332:
5331:
5329:
5325:
5318:
5313:
5310:
5307:
5304:
5299:
5296:
5293:
5292:
5290:
5284:
5280:
5273:
5272:
5268:
5265:
5262:
5259:
5258:
5254:
5251:
5250:
5246:
5243:
5242:
5238:
5237:
5235:
5229:
5225:
5218:
5217:
5213:
5210:
5207:
5204:
5201:
5198:
5195:
5192:
5191:
5187:
5184:
5183:
5179:
5178:
5176:
5170:
5166:
5151:
5150:
5146:
5143:
5138:
5135:
5130:
5127:
5126:
5120:
5119:
5115:
5114:
5108:
5107:
5105:
5100:
5096:
5092:
5085:
5084:
5080:
5077:
5076:
5072:
5069:
5068:
5064:
5063:
5061:
5055:
5051:
5047:
5040:
5039:
5035:
5032:
5031:
5027:
5026:
5024:
5020:
5015:
5011:
5007:
5004:
5000:
4989:
4988:
4984:
4981:
4976:
4973:
4970:
4969:
4967:
4963:
4958:
4954:
4950:
4943:
4942:
4938:
4935:
4934:
4930:
4927:
4923:
4922:
4916:
4913:
4909:
4906:
4905:
4903:
4899:
4893:
4889:
4885:
4878:
4877:
4873:
4870:
4869:
4865:
4862:
4861:
4857:
4854:
4853:
4849:
4846:
4843:
4840:
4839:
4833:
4830:
4829:
4823:
4822:
4820:
4816:
4810:
4806:
4802:
4795:
4790:
4787:
4786:
4782:
4779:
4776:
4775:
4773:
4769:
4763:
4759:
4755:
4748:
4744:
4743:
4739:
4738:
4736:
4732:
4727:
4723:
4719:
4716:
4712:
4703:
4699:
4696:
4689:
4684:
4678:
4674:
4673:
4667:
4659:
4654:
4646:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4631:
4627:
4621:
4617:
4613:
4612:Patriarchates
4606:
4601:
4599:
4594:
4592:
4587:
4586:
4583:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4559:
4555:
4554:
4551:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4489:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4472:Constantine V
4470:
4468:
4465:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4392:Constantius I
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4347:Gerasimus III
4345:
4343:
4342:Neophytus VII
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4327:Sophronius II
4325:
4323:
4322:Theodosius II
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4272:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4225:Callinicus II
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4215:Athanasius IV
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4200:Methodius III
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4190:Dionysius III
4188:
4186:
4185:Parthenius IV
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4160:Joannicius II
4158:
4156:
4155:Parthenius II
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4145:Neophytus III
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4080:Theoleptus II
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3960:
3954:
3953:Athanasius II
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3833:Nicephorus II
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3498:Constantine I
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3413:Macedonius II
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3373:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3273:
3271:
3267:
3262:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3170:Polycarpus II
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3103:
3093:
3088:
3086:
3081:
3079:
3074:
3073:
3070:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3042:
3038:
3021:
3017:
3011:
3008:
3004:
2998:
2995:
2982:
2978:
2972:
2970:
2966:
2962:
2958:
2955:
2949:
2946:
2942:
2938:
2935:
2929:
2926:
2922:
2916:
2914:
2910:
2905:
2901:
2897:
2891:
2887:
2880:
2877:
2864:
2860:
2856:
2853:AsiaNews.it.
2849:
2846:
2842:
2838:
2835:
2829:
2826:
2822:
2818:
2815:
2811:
2806:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2792:
2786:
2783:
2772:on 2011-12-17
2771:
2767:
2761:
2758:
2752:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2738:
2735:
2729:
2726:
2713:
2709:
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2700:
2687:
2683:
2679:
2673:
2670:
2657:
2653:
2647:
2644:
2631:
2627:
2623:
2617:
2614:
2610:
2598:
2594:
2588:
2585:
2572:
2568:
2564:
2563:
2558:
2552:
2549:
2536:
2532:
2528:
2521:
2518:
2514:
2503:
2499:
2493:
2489:
2488:
2480:
2477:
2473:
2469:
2463:
2458:
2457:
2448:
2445:
2441:
2430:
2426:
2420:
2416:
2415:
2407:
2404:
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2393:
2390:
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2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
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2330:
2328:
2322:
2320:
2316:
2311:
2307:
2303:
2299:
2295:
2287:
2285:
2283:
2278:
2277:autocephalous
2274:
2269:
2267:
2263:
2258:
2254:
2253:
2248:
2244:
2240:
2235:
2233:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2218:
2217:Ottoman Turks
2210:
2208:
2206:
2201:
2200:Bartholomew I
2196:
2194:
2190:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2160:
2158:
2153:
2145:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2108:had enlarged
2107:
2103:
2096:Early history
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2081:Lumen Gentium
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1989:Ancient Greek
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1810:
1809:autocephalous
1807:or the other
1806:
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1576:Major figures
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1547:Nativity Fast
1545:
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1521:Other feasts:
1520:
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1512:Paschal cycle
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1199:
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1123:North America
1121:
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853:Old Believers
851:
850:
843:
842:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
814:
813:Latin America
811:
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754:
751:
749:
746:
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741:
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738:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
721:Americas (RP)
719:
717:
714:
712:
709:
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
693:
689:jurisdictions
688:
683:
682:
676:
670:
669:Ukraine (UOC)
667:
666:
664:
659:
658:Ukraine (OCU)
656:
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583:
581:
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568:
566:
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561:
558:
557:
552:jurisdictions
551:
550:Autocephalous
546:
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537:
534:
530:
527:
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520:
517:
515:
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510:
507:
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396:
395:View of icons
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286:Bartholomew I
283:
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268:
264:
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236:
232:
228:
224:
223:autocephalous
219:
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207:
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192:
188:
177:
171:
166:
162:
158:
155:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
129:(as bishop);
128:
125:
121:
116:
110:
101:
98:
95:
93:
89:
86:
83:
76:
72:
67:
63:
58:
55:Archbishopric
53:
49:
42:
37:
33:
19:
5319:(since 1994)
5305:(since 1959)
5297:(since 1925)
5287:(since 1789)
5274:(since 1716)
5269:
5266:(since 1589)
5260:(since 1572)
5255:
5247:
5244:(since 1524)
5239:
5232:(1517â1789)
5219:(since 1451)
5214:
5211:(since 1346)
5205:(since 1010)
5188:
5180:
5152:(since 1742)
5147:
5144:(since 1461)
5128:(since 1058)
5121:
5109:
5086:(since 1968)
5081:
5078:(since 1830)
5073:
5070:(since 1553)
5065:
5041:(since 1884)
5036:
5028:
4990:(since 1099)
4985:
4944:(since 1824)
4939:
4931:
4917:
4874:
4871:(since 1724)
4866:
4863:(since 1668)
4858:
4850:
4841:(since 1058)
4834:
4824:
4796:(since 1461)
4783:
4757:
4740:
4693:(30â325/476)
4683:Christianity
4672:Nestorianism
4669:
4657:
4642:
4638:
4630:Christianity
4616:Christianity
4556:in exile at
4467:Anthimus VII
4422:Meletius III
4387:Agathangelus
4377:Anthimus III
4287:Neophytus VI
4265:Jeremias III
4250:Athanasius V
4230:Neophytus IV
4210:Gerasimus II
4205:Dionysius IV
4150:Parthenius I
4105:Neophytus II
4095:Theophanes I
4075:Pachomius II
4055:Dionysius II
4050:Joannicius I
4040:Theoleptus I
3990:Sophronius I
3975:Gennadius II
3933:Euthymius II
3923:Callistus II
3858:Athanasius I
3838:Germanus III
3818:Methodius II
3758:Theodosius I
3728:Theodotus II
3698:Nicholas III
3653:Sisinnius II
3563:Nicephorus I
3518:Callinicus I
3291:Macedonius I
3210:Philadelphus
3140:Polycarpus I
3098:
3024:. Retrieved
3020:the original
3010:
2997:
2985:. Retrieved
2981:the original
2948:
2928:
2885:
2879:
2867:. Retrieved
2858:
2848:
2828:
2805:
2785:
2774:. Retrieved
2770:the original
2760:
2728:
2716:. Retrieved
2712:the original
2702:
2690:. Retrieved
2686:the original
2681:
2672:
2660:. Retrieved
2646:
2634:. Retrieved
2625:
2616:
2608:
2601:. Retrieved
2597:the original
2587:
2575:. Retrieved
2571:the original
2560:
2551:
2539:. Retrieved
2535:the original
2530:
2520:
2512:
2506:. Retrieved
2486:
2479:
2471:
2455:
2447:
2439:
2433:. Retrieved
2413:
2406:
2342:
2339:
2331:
2323:
2291:
2270:
2250:
2238:
2236:
2228:Kayser-i-Rûm
2227:
2214:
2197:
2176:jurisdiction
2172:patriarchate
2161:
2150:In 381, the
2149:
2099:
2091:
2079:
2075:
2069:
2053:
2049:
2029:
2021:
2012:
2002:
1974:
1961:
1940:
1934:
1930:
1924:
1900:
1876:
1861:
1846:
1841:
1816:
1794:
1770:Spoken style
1751:
1698:Saint titles
1678:Architecture
1671:Other topics
1376:Jesus Prayer
1287:
1280:
1263:
1246:
1240:
1231:Nicene Creed
1206:Holy Trinity
1181:Apophaticism
1131:15thâ16th c.
1108:Great Schism
748:Estonia (MP)
736:
731:Moldova (MP)
706:Estonia (EP)
674:
662:
651:
637:
635:
488:
484:Patriarchate
466:Organization
432:Christianity
419: /
417:Resurrection
415: /
389:View of Mary
387:
380:
335:Hagia Sophia
275:
247:
239:Roman Empire
230:
186:
184:
123:First holder
78:
5252:(1555â1663)
5199:(since 919)
5169:Middle Ages
5136:(since 638)
5116:(since 301)
5033:(1518â1964)
4982:(since 638)
4974:(since 451)
4936:(1219â1964)
4879:(1099â1964)
4855:(since 685)
4847:(since 519)
4831:(since 518)
4788:(1204â1964)
4780:(since 330)
4660:light green
4544:Bartholomew
4534:Athenagoras
4504:Gregory VII
4482:Meletius IV
4457:Dionysius V
4447:Joachim III
4427:Anthimus VI
4417:Germanus IV
4407:Anthimus IV
4382:Chrysanthus
4372:Eugenius II
4362:Jeremias IV
4317:Meletius II
4302:Seraphim II
4240:Neophytus V
4235:Gabriel III
4130:Anthimus II
4070:Jeremias II
4035:Pachomius I
4015:Maximus III
4005:Dionysius I
3948:Gregory III
3898:Callistus I
3878:Gerasimus I
3813:Germanus II
3798:Theodore II
3748:Michael III
3733:Neophytus I
3723:Nicholas IV
3648:Nicholas II
3628:Theophylact
3613:Îuthymius I
3583:Methodius I
3568:Theodotus I
3458:Cyriacus II
3393:Gennadius I
3341:Sisinnius I
3250:Metrophanes
3175:Athenodorus
3160:Eleutherius
3109:Bishops of
2734:Ec-patr.org
2239:millet-baĆı
2136:Throne room
2122:Saint Peter
1985:stauropegic
1981:Mount Athos
1971:Mount Athos
1933:(literally
1931:Roman/Greek
1826:canonically
1451:Prayer rope
1371:Iconostasis
1361:Euchologion
1346:Apolytikion
1221:Metousiosis
1186:Chrismation
818:Scandinavia
524:Monasticism
479:Autocephaly
413:Crucifixion
259:Middle Ages
142:Established
118:Information
82:Bartholomew
5374:Categories
5193:(725â1451)
5185:(568â1751)
5173:(476â1517)
5058:(280â1552)
4892:Alexandria
4649:light blue
4519:Photius II
4477:Germanus V
4452:Joachim IV
4437:Joachim II
4412:Anthimus V
4402:Gregory VI
4332:Gabriel IV
4282:Seraphim I
4277:Paisius II
4260:Cosmas III
4180:Gabriel II
4125:Gregory IV
4120:Timothy II
4110:Raphael II
4100:Meletius I
4085:Matthew II
4060:Joasaph II
4045:Jeremias I
4025:Maximus IV
3980:Isidore II
3903:Philotheus
3853:Gregory II
3803:Maximus II
3793:Michael IV
3768:Nicetas II
3713:Michael II
3693:Eustratius
3663:Eustathius
3658:Sergius II
3643:Întony III
3633:Polyeuctus
3618:Stephen II
3608:Nicholas I
3538:Anastasius
3533:Germanus I
3503:Theodore I
3433:Anthimus I
3428:Epiphanius
3351:Maximianus
3306:Demophilus
3225:Eugenius I
3215:Cyriacus I
3200:Olympianus
2810:BBC Online
2776:2011-11-29
2577:11 January
2562:60 Minutes
2508:2017-06-14
2435:2017-06-14
2398:References
2180:Asia Minor
1805:patriarchs
1801:ecumenical
1552:Great Lent
1431:Paraklesis
1411:Omophorion
1366:Holy Water
1265:Philokalia
924:Montenegro
753:ROCOR (MP)
743:Crete (EP)
716:China (MP)
711:Japan (MP)
687:Autonomous
565:Alexandria
406:Background
329:Mosaic of
231:ecumenical
79:Incumbent:
5395:Pentarchy
5095:Patriarch
5050:Patriarch
5019:2nd cent.
5010:Patriarch
4957:Jerusalem
4953:Patriarch
4898:1st cent.
4888:Patriarch
4815:1st cent.
4805:Patriarch
4758:Patriarch
4747:1st cent.
4731:1st cent.
4722:Patriarch
4709:apostolic
4702:Pentarchy
4688:Antiquity
4639:bold blue
4634:apostolic
4539:Demetrius
4529:Maximus V
4514:Basil III
4432:Cyril VII
4352:Gregory V
4337:Procopius
4245:Cyprianus
4170:Paisius I
4165:Cyril III
4090:Gabriel I
4030:Joachim I
4020:Nephon II
4010:Raphael I
3985:Joasaph I
3938:Joseph II
3928:Matthew I
3918:Antony IV
3893:Isidore I
3873:John XIII
3823:Manuel II
3783:George II
3778:Dositheus
3718:Cosmas II
3683:John VIII
3673:Michael I
3603:Antony II
3598:Stephen I
3593:Photios I
3548:Nicetas I
3488:Thomas II
3468:Sergius I
3443:Eutychius
3418:Timothy I
3408:Euphemius
3388:Anatolius
3379:Byzantine
3366:Anatolius
3346:Nestorius
3321:Nectarius
3316:Gregory I
3311:Maximus I
3276:Alexander
3255:Alexander
3111:Byzantium
2904:174964244
2262:Gregory V
2257:ethnicity
2245:) of the
2224:Mehmed II
2215:When the
2126:hierarchy
2114:suffragan
2110:Byzantium
2065:Pentarchy
2057:synodical
2045:Jerusalem
1868:Pentarchy
1748:Styles of
1562:Dormition
1486:Vestments
1481:Troparion
1476:Sticheron
1466:Semantron
1456:Prosphora
1381:Kontakion
1289:Theotokos
1242:Oikonomia
1201:Hesychasm
1083:Pentarchy
1051:Jerusalem
895:churches:
575:Jerusalem
499:Canon law
452:Orthodoxy
421:Ascension
351:Structure
278:Pentarchy
209:) is the
200:romanized
150:Cathedral
135:Anatolius
131:Alexander
5014:Carthage
4742:Holy See
4626:primates
4524:Benjamin
4367:Cyril VI
4255:Cyril IV
4135:Cyril II
4000:Symeon I
3908:Macarius
3888:John XIV
3868:Nephon I
3863:John XII
3843:Joseph I
3828:Arsenius
3808:Îanuel I
3773:Leontius
3763:Basil II
3753:Chariton
3688:Cosmas I
3588:Ignatios
3578:John VII
3573:Antony I
3558:Tarasius
3513:Paul III
3508:George I
3463:Thomas I
3448:John III
3403:Fravitta
3331:Arsacius
3301:Evagrius
3296:Eudoxius
3286:Eusebius
3235:Dometius
3220:Castinus
3205:Marcus I
3195:Pertinax
3185:Laurence
3155:Diogenes
3150:Sedecion
3145:Plutarch
3135:Onesimus
2957:Archived
2937:Archived
2863:Archived
2837:Archived
2817:Archived
2794:Archived
2737:Archived
2718:1 August
2656:Archived
2630:Archived
2502:Archived
2429:Archived
2351:See also
2243:ethnarch
2118:Heraclea
2104:. After
2013:presbeia
1977:monastic
1965:Holy See
1872:New Rome
1853:Albanian
1643:Kassiani
1341:Akathist
1271:Phronema
1259:Palamism
1248:Akribeia
1157:Theology
904:Abkhazia
893:National
595:Bulgaria
536:Bratstvo
474:Autonomy
423:of Jesus
356:Theology
342:Overview
309:a series
307:Part of
160:Language
103:Location
5327:Related
5099:Armenia
4924:(since
4910:(since
4809:Antioch
4745:(since
4495:Turkish
4292:Cyril V
4195:Clement
4115:Cyril I
3995:Mark II
3966:Ottoman
3848:John XI
3703:John IX
3668:Alexius
3638:Îasil I
3623:Tryphon
3553:Paul IV
3528:John VI
3478:Paul II
3473:Pyrrhus
3453:John IV
3423:John II
3398:Acacius
3361:Flavian
3356:Proclus
3336:Atticus
3240:Rufinus
3190:Alypius
3130:Stachys
3026:26 June
2987:27 July
2869:27 July
2692:26 July
2662:26 July
2654:. BBC.
2636:26 July
2603:18 June
2302:Turkish
2282:Oceania
2193:legates
1948:Turkish
1897:History
1356:Ectenia
1282:Theosis
1070:History
1003:Seventh
909:Belarus
798:Germany
778:Austria
701:Finland
646:America
638:de jure
620:Albania
600:Georgia
590:Romania
570:Antioch
529:Degrees
519:Deacons
514:Priests
509:Bishops
366:Liturgy
358: (
235:Ecumene
202::
168:Website
108:Country
5021:â1076)
4558:Nicaea
4312:Samuel
3883:Isaias
3788:John X
3493:John V
3281:Paul I
3245:Probus
3180:Euzois
3125:Andrew
2902:
2892:
2541:31 May
2494:
2464:
2421:
2310:Phanar
2273:Balkan
2247:Millet
2184:Thrace
2140:Gospel
2076:prĆtos
2017:synods
1822:bishop
1817:ad hoc
1813:synods
1426:Praxis
1236:Nepsis
1113:Russia
1046:Moscow
1017:Eighth
988:Fourth
978:Second
934:UOCâKP
929:Turkey
919:Latvia
793:France
788:Canada
615:Poland
610:Greece
605:Cyprus
585:Serbia
580:Russia
504:Clergy
311:on the
252:, the
112:Turkey
5102:(301)
5002:Other
4706:(five
4681:Early
4658:bold/
4220:James
3913:Nilus
3523:Cyrus
3483:Peter
3438:Menas
3230:Titus
3165:Felix
3116:Roman
2189:Leo I
2178:over
2170:as a
2088:Title
2061:synod
1943:Fener
1879:Greek
1849:Rusyn
1351:Artos
1254:Ousia
1216:Icons
1041:Jassy
1022:Ninth
998:Sixth
993:Fifth
983:Third
973:First
914:Italy
696:Sinai
263:Slavs
191:Greek
163:Greek
92:Style
4726:Rome
4711:sees
3743:Luke
3028:2024
2989:2017
2900:OCLC
2890:ISBN
2871:2017
2720:2015
2694:2015
2664:2015
2638:2015
2605:2011
2579:2010
2543:2012
2492:ISBN
2462:ISBN
2419:ISBN
2317:and
2162:The
2144:dais
1983:are
1975:The
1925:The
1918:and
1904:Rome
1851:and
1838:pope
1683:Folk
1564:Fast
1396:Lity
1141:2018
1136:1996
213:and
185:The
5097:of
5052:of
5012:of
4962:451
4955:of
4926:451
4912:451
4890:of
4807:of
4768:451
4760:of
4724:of
4628:in
4614:in
3708:Leo
2567:CBS
2252:Rum
2249:of
2043:of
1936:Rûm
1874:".
1789:N/A
1276:Sin
1245:vs
250:see
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