265:
508:
472:
484:
457:
496:
92:
368:
99:
309:. It had a fan-like plan and, in 1727, featured twelve guns. At that time, "nearly all the guns in Willis's were six-pounders, and in the journal of the siege it is mentioned that a three-pounder in Queen Anne's battery did great execution in the enemy's works." That year, the guns at Queen's Anne's Battery were sufficiently effective during the
313:
that the
Spanish officers were prompted to devise a plan to silence them. They started a mine in a cave below the battery, the intent being to excavate a chamber directly below the battery, load it with explosives, and blow it up. However, the undertaking required a great deal of labour. Not only was
64:
390:
In 1901, approval had been given for two 6-inch (152 mm) guns at
Princess Royal's Battery. One emplacement was to have a range of 6,000 yards (5,500 m), to bear on the enemy's land batteries. The other was to feature double the range, 12,000 yards (11,000 m), to target vessels on the
282:
in 1704. During the early 18th century, the batteries on that plateau were referred to as the Willis's
Batteries. Princess Royal's Battery is positioned at the northern end of the Upper Rock Nature Reserve, southeast of Princess Anne's Battery, and in proximity to the entrance to the Middle
403:
of that date, with the installation finished by 24 May 1904. In
December 1915, the second 6-inch breech loading Mark VII gun was mounted on the battery. It is believed to have stayed there until about 1924–1925. By World War II, at least one gun was still present, a
507:
336:
In August 1782, during the Great Siege of
Gibraltar, the Garrison strengthened the works at Willis's Plateau, and orders went out for the Princess Royal's Battery "to be caissoned with ship-timber."
325:. It was ingenious because the sliding carriage allowed the gun to recoil without sending the gun carriage into the air. This idea was later built into more conventional gun carriages. Colonel
495:
456:
321:'s depressing gun-carriage. This allowed the angle of the gun to be aimed down at an angle of seventy degrees. This enabled the defending soldiers to take advantage of the height of the
483:
471:
2255:
1110:
1273:
339:
In the period from 1834 to 1859, Princess Royal's
Battery had nine 24-pounders. However, four years later, by 1863, the guns had been switched out for two 7-inch (180 mm)
1009:
A popular history of
Gibraltar, its institutions, and its neighbourhood on both sides of the Straits, and a guide book to their principal places and objects of interest
1151:. DiscoverGibraltar.com (Click Upper Rock Nature Reserve, Princess Anne's Battery, F Princess Royal's Battery, then Click here for underground layout). Archived from
383:
314:
the rock hard, but the mine was started at a considerable height, close to the battery, not at the base of the Rock. The effort was ultimately unsuccessful.
122:
531:
49:
1266:
561:
278:. The artillery battery is one of several located on Willis's Plateau, named after a British artillery officer commended for his actions during the
91:
2204:
1259:
1086:
310:
264:
286:
While referred to in the early 18th century as Willis's
Battery, it was later known as Queen Anne's Battery or Queen's Battery. After the
1174:
1144:
784:
715:
685:
1181:. DiscoverGibraltar.com (Click Upper Rock Nature Reserve, then Princess Caroline's Battery and Military Heritage Centre). Archived from
661:
1007:
290:(1779–1783), it was again renamed after Charlotte, Princess Royal (1766–1828), the eldest daughter of King George III (1738–1820) and
1066:
858:
610:
291:
1204:
791:. DiscoverGibraltar.com (Click Upper Rock Nature Reserve, Princess Anne's Battery, then F Princess Royal's Battery). Archived from
2047:
1469:
245:
844:
692:. DiscoverGibraltar.com (Click Upper Rock Nature Reserve, Princess Anne's Battery, then E 360 view at No.4 Gun). Archived from
539:
1764:
887:
The ancient and modern history of
Gibraltar. With an accurate journal of the siege of that fortress, Feb. 13 to June 23, 1727
663:
The ancient and modern history of
Gibraltar. With an accurate journal of the siege of that fortress, Feb. 13 to June 23, 1727
1714:
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978:
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The battery features subterranean, bombproof storage areas for shells and cartridges. Underground, there are also shell
73:
434:. Interior windows, lighting holes, along that corridor helped to avoid the risk of interaction of flame and gunpowder
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27:
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35:
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2019:
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253:
248:. The battery was active from the early 18th century until at least the mid-20th century. However, it has been
1958:
1604:
1554:
1454:
438:. Wooden doors at the entrance of the shell storage room are extant, but their condition was poor as of 2005
2143:
1905:
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and a room for the gun crew. The largest room inside the entrance to the left has sustained heavy vandalism
326:
172:
2024:
2004:
573:
2009:
1474:
1444:
850:
343:
and seven 32-pounders. There were further changes later that century. The battery mounted five 64-pounder
1664:
2219:
2194:
2179:
2174:
2159:
2014:
1973:
1895:
1514:
1464:
445:
Princess Royal's Battery is protected as a listed building under the Gibraltar Heritage Trust Act 1989.
405:
372:
330:
2184:
1839:
1529:
722:. DiscoverGibraltar.com (Click Upper Rock Nature Reserve, then Princess Anne's Battery). Archived from
596:
399:
armour. By November 1903, that 6-inch BL Mark VII gun had been mounted, as documented in a photograph
63:
2209:
2169:
2123:
2095:
1996:
1986:
1900:
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1303:
344:
340:
279:
249:
195:
1981:
329:
in his accounts claimed that the gun hit its target 28 times out of 30 when aimed at the Spaniard's
274:
Princess Royal's Battery is in Gibraltar, the British Overseas Territory at the southern end of the
2085:
2039:
2029:
1734:
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1634:
1489:
1356:
1323:
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412:
367:
77:
48:
2138:
980:
Encyclopædia Britannica; or A dictionary of arts, sciences, and miscellaneous literature, Volume 9
2234:
2229:
1963:
1915:
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1824:
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1829:
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228:
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1943:
1814:
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1539:
1439:
1424:
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1739:
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1559:
1509:
1499:
1434:
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954:
920:
916:
881:
657:
2189:
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1948:
1920:
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1749:
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1219:
1938:
1930:
1880:
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in 1885 and three of the same in 1889. About that time, a proposal was made to mount a
318:
2249:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1744:
1429:
408:
375:
317:
In February 1782, Princess Royal Battery was the site of the first use of Lieutenant
950:
The history of Gibraltar: from the earliest period of its occupation by the Saracens
1953:
1890:
1885:
1819:
1779:
1346:
948:
910:
1035:
1251:
846:
The English Royal Family of America, from Jamestown to the American Revolution
137:
124:
1872:
302:
252:
and guns are no longer present. Princess Royal's Battery is listed with the
215:
39:
912:
The history of Gibraltar and of its political relation to events in Europe
1290:
396:
1338:
355:
made of Princess Royal's Battery in 1895 includes not only the 6-inch
2067:
1854:
501:
2005 exterior view of Princess Royal's Battery upper and lower levels
1061:(1. publ. in Great Britain. ed.). Oxford : Osprey. p. 29.
513:
2005 exterior view of battery's underground complex, (A) in diagram
2105:
381:
366:
263:
1255:
430:. A central hallway runs the length of the underground complex
218:. It is located on Willis's Plateau at the northern end of the
294:(1744–1818). In 1797, at age 30, the Princess Royal married
1175:"Princess Caroline's Battery and Military Heritage Centre"
562:"Neandertals' Last Stand was in Gibraltar, Study Suggests"
489:
2005 exterior view of Princess Royal's Battery upper level
477:
2005 exterior view of Princess Royal's Battery upper level
301:
The battery was constructed about 1705, "upon the second
532:"List of Crown Dependencies & Overseas Territories"
815:"Site Name: Gibraltar – Princess Anne's Battery"
1139:
1137:
1135:
98:
2152:
2104:
2066:
2038:
1995:
1972:
1929:
1871:
1853:
1395:
1337:
1289:
191:
183:
178:
168:
163:
153:
116:
20:
1145:"Princess Royal's Battery underground facilities"
1006:Gilbard, Lieutenant Colonel George James (1881).
359:, but also Gun No. 1 of Princess Anne's Battery.
1059:The fortifications of Gibraltar : 1068-1945
391:Mediterranean. On 21 July 1902, work began on a
240:, it was renamed in the late 18th century after
68:Map of a portion of Willis's Plateau, including
598:The Environmental Legacy of Military Operations
386:Underground layout of Princess Royal's Battery
2256:Artillery battery fortifications in Gibraltar
1267:
8:
624:
622:
1274:
1260:
1252:
779:
777:
775:
773:
771:
769:
767:
462:1895 drawing of battery incl. Gun No.1 of
296:Frederick, the Crown Prince of Wurttemberg
17:
1057:Finlayson, Darren Fa & Clive (2006).
838:
836:
1088:A history of the late siege of Gibraltar
746:"Google map of Princess Royal's Battery"
635:A history of the late siege of Gibraltar
595:Ehlen, Judy; Harmon, Russell S (2001).
523:
452:
1247:Google map of Princess Royal's Battery
1036:"Red Plaque at Grand Casemates Square"
716:"Princess Anne's Battery No.1 Gun (A)"
686:"Princess Anne's Battery No.4 Gun (E)"
53:Princess Royal's Battery in 1903 with
283:Galleries, the 18th century tunnels.
7:
1111:"The British Army of Gibraltar 1941"
843:Beatty, Michael A (1 April 2003).
393:6-inch breech loading Mark VII gun
14:
1016:Printing Establishment. p. 7
349:6-inch breech loading Mark IV gun
932:Queen Anne's Battery, Gibraltar.
506:
494:
482:
470:
455:
97:
90:
62:
47:
985:Archibald Constable and Company
560:Roach, John (10 October 2006).
540:Foreign and Commonwealth Office
1387:Wellington Front Demi Bastions
1205:"Gibraltar Heritage Trust Act"
785:"Princess Royal's Battery (F)"
371:Princess Royal's Battery with
1:
1470:Devil's Bowling Green Battery
603:Geological Society of America
311:thirteenth siege of Gibraltar
80:and Princess Royal's Battery
1770:Sir Herbert Miles Promenade
1715:Princess Caroline's Battery
1283:Fortifications of Gibraltar
570:National Geographic Society
28:Fortifications of Gibraltar
2277:
1680:Prince Ferdinand's Battery
1545:Governor's Lookout Battery
983:(6 ed.). Printed for
345:rifled muzzle loading guns
305:" at the north end of the
212:British Overseas Territory
1730:Queen Charlotte's Battery
1705:Princess Amelia's Battery
1650:Napier of Magdala Battery
1495:Eliott's Practice Battery
1038:. Government of Gibraltar
909:Sayer, Frederick (1865).
411:gun, as documented in an
269:Charlotte, Princess Royal
244:, the eldest daughter of
242:Charlotte, Princess Royal
220:Upper Rock Nature Reserve
85:
74:Princess Amelia's Battery
61:
46:
36:Upper Rock Nature Reserve
33:
25:
2205:Lines of Contravallation
1720:Princess Royal's Battery
1700:Prince William's Battery
1660:North Mole Elbow Battery
1505:Europa Advance Batteries
1460:Cumberland Flank Battery
1083:Drinkwater Bethune, John
953:. W. Pickering. p.
821:. Subterranea Britannica
638:(2 ed.). p. 65
630:Drinkwater Bethune, John
601:(illustrated ed.).
566:National Geographic News
288:Great Siege of Gibraltar
254:Gibraltar Heritage Trust
204:Princess Royal's Battery
105:Princess Royal's Battery
21:Princess Royal's Battery
1835:Windmill Hill Batteries
1710:Princess Anne's Battery
1695:Prince of Wales Battery
1685:Prince George's Battery
1216:Government of Gibraltar
945:López de Ayala, Ignacio
464:Princess Anne's Battery
224:Princess Anne's Battery
173:Government of Gibraltar
70:Princess Anne's Battery
2010:Europa Sunken Magazine
1690:Prince Henry's Battery
1675:Parson's Lodge Battery
1600:Lady Augusta's Battery
1585:Jews' Cemetery Battery
1480:Devil's Tongue Battery
1445:Civil Hospital Battery
387:
379:
271:
138:36.146180°N 5.346166°W
55:6 inch BL Mark VII gun
2220:Prince of Wales Lines
2129:Stanley's Clock Tower
2025:Ragged Staff Magazine
2015:Flat Bastion Magazine
1959:Prince Albert's Front
1896:Grand Casemates Gates
1605:Lady Louisa's Battery
1555:Green's Lodge Battery
1515:Europa Pass Batteries
1465:Detached Mole Battery
1455:Crutchett's Batteries
1179:discovergibraltar.com
1149:discovergibraltar.com
966:Queen Anne's Battery.
789:discovergibraltar.com
720:discovergibraltar.com
690:discovergibraltar.com
406:Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun
385:
373:Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun
370:
341:rifled breech loaders
267:
2210:Montagu Counterguard
2170:Chatham Counterguard
1906:Prince Edward's Gate
1790:St. George's Battery
1645:Mount Misery Battery
1630:Lord Airey's Battery
1595:King's Lines Battery
1575:Hayne's Cave Battery
1520:Farringdon's Battery
1352:Hesse's Demi Bastion
1304:Buena Vista Barracks
1212:gibraltarlaws.gov.gi
1119:Imperial War Museums
853:. pp. 192–194.
280:capture of Gibraltar
234:Queen Anne's Battery
226:. Formerly known as
222:, just southeast of
143:36.146180; -5.346166
2086:Great Siege Tunnels
1765:Signal Hill Battery
1640:Middle Hill Battery
1475:Devil's Gap Battery
1324:Retrenched Barracks
1309:Defensible Barracks
1185:on 5 September 2013
1155:on 5 September 2013
987:. 1823. p. 707
795:on 5 September 2013
726:on 5 September 2013
696:on 5 September 2013
576:on 14 November 2006
413:Imperial War Museum
134: /
2235:West Place of Arms
2230:Ragged Staff Guard
1964:Ragged Staff Flank
1916:Ragged Staff Gates
1845:Zoca Flank Battery
1840:Woodford's Battery
1825:White Rock Battery
1625:Little Bay Battery
1620:Lighthouse Battery
1530:Gardiner's Battery
1485:Edward VII Battery
1450:Couvreport Battery
1420:Buenavista Battery
1415:Bomb Proof Battery
1299:Bombproof Barracks
417:(pictured at left)
388:
380:
331:San Carlos Battery
272:
2261:Coastal artillery
2243:
2242:
2005:Eliott's Magazine
1944:Line Wall Curtain
1815:Waterport Battery
1760:Scud Hill Battery
1670:Orillon Batteries
1570:Harding's Battery
1540:Genoese Batteries
1440:Catalan Batteries
1425:Buffadero Battery
1410:Breakneck Battery
1405:Alexandra Battery
1319:Lathbury Barracks
1225:on 27 August 2012
882:Solas Dodd, James
658:Solas Dodd, James
323:Rock of Gibraltar
307:Rock of Gibraltar
276:Iberian Peninsula
208:artillery battery
201:
200:
158:Artillery Battery
2268:
2165:Caledonian Canal
2081:Great North Road
2076:Admiralty Tunnel
2030:Willis' Magazine
1810:Victoria Battery
1785:Spyglass Battery
1755:Saluting Battery
1740:Rock Gun Battery
1735:Raglan's Battery
1665:O'Hara's Battery
1655:New Mole Battery
1635:Martin's Battery
1560:Half Way Battery
1510:Europa Batteries
1500:Engineer Battery
1490:Eliott's Battery
1435:Castle Batteries
1357:Jumper's Bastion
1276:
1269:
1262:
1253:
1235:
1234:
1232:
1230:
1224:
1218:. Archived from
1209:
1201:
1195:
1194:
1192:
1190:
1171:
1165:
1164:
1162:
1160:
1141:
1130:
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1026:
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1023:
1021:
1014:Garrison Library
1003:
997:
996:
994:
992:
975:
969:
968:
963:
961:
941:
935:
934:
929:
927:
917:Chapman and Hall
906:
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671:
654:
648:
647:
645:
643:
626:
617:
616:
592:
586:
585:
583:
581:
572:. Archived from
557:
551:
550:
548:
546:
528:
510:
498:
486:
474:
459:
401:(pictured above)
378:gun, 17 Nov 1941
353:(pictured below)
164:Site information
149:
148:
146:
145:
144:
139:
135:
132:
131:
130:
127:
101:
100:
94:
78:Willis' Magazine
66:
51:
42:
18:
2276:
2275:
2271:
2270:
2269:
2267:
2266:
2265:
2246:
2245:
2244:
2239:
2190:Grand Casemates
2180:Forbes' Barrier
2160:Bayside Barrier
2148:
2134:Tower of Homage
2100:
2096:Windsor Gallery
2091:Landport Tunnel
2062:
2034:
1991:
1987:Southport Ditch
1968:
1949:Montagu Curtain
1931:Defensive walls
1925:
1921:Southport Gates
1867:
1849:
1830:Willis' Battery
1775:South Batteries
1750:Rosia Batteries
1725:Queen's Battery
1580:Hutment Battery
1565:Hanover Battery
1535:Genista Battery
1525:Forbes' Battery
1391:
1367:Montagu Bastion
1333:
1314:Grand Casemates
1285:
1280:
1243:
1238:
1228:
1226:
1222:
1207:
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1202:
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861:
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834:
824:
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813:
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783:
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765:
755:
753:
750:maps.google.com
744:
743:
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729:
727:
714:
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684:
683:
679:
669:
667:
656:
655:
651:
641:
639:
628:
627:
620:
613:
605:. p. 110.
594:
593:
589:
579:
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559:
558:
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529:
525:
521:
514:
511:
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490:
487:
478:
475:
466:
460:
451:
365:
327:John Drinkwater
292:Queen Charlotte
262:
238:Queen's Battery
229:Willis' Battery
142:
140:
136:
133:
128:
125:
123:
121:
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34:
12:
11:
5:
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2240:
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2217:
2215:Prince's Lines
2212:
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2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2156:
2154:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2146:
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2136:
2131:
2126:
2124:O'Hara's Tower
2121:
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2110:
2108:
2102:
2101:
2099:
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2061:
2060:
2055:
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2044:
2042:
2036:
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2032:
2027:
2022:
2020:Grand Magazine
2017:
2012:
2007:
2001:
1999:
1993:
1992:
1990:
1989:
1984:
1982:Landport Ditch
1978:
1976:
1970:
1969:
1967:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1939:Charles V Wall
1935:
1933:
1927:
1926:
1924:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1881:Algeciras Gate
1877:
1875:
1869:
1868:
1866:
1865:
1863:Moorish Castle
1859:
1857:
1851:
1850:
1848:
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1837:
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1667:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1615:Lewis' Battery
1612:
1610:Levant Battery
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1590:Jones' Battery
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
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1379:
1377:Orange Bastion
1374:
1369:
1364:
1362:King's Bastion
1359:
1354:
1349:
1343:
1341:
1335:
1334:
1332:
1331:
1329:South Barracks
1326:
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1241:External links
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1027:
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936:
915:(2 ed.).
901:
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819:subbrit.org.uk
806:
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428:(B in diagram)
364:
363:Recent history
361:
319:George Koehler
261:
258:
250:decommissioned
199:
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196:Decommissioned
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2119:Giralda Tower
2117:
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2114:Devil's Tower
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2048:Detached Mole
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1806:
1805:Upper Battery
1803:
1801:
1800:Tower Battery
1798:
1796:
1795:Tovey Battery
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
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1745:Rooke Battery
1743:
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1550:Grand Battery
1548:
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1433:
1431:
1430:Calpe Battery
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1402:
1400:
1398:
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1382:South Bastion
1380:
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1372:North Bastion
1370:
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1068:9781846030161
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860:9780786415588
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816:
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786:
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778:
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764:
752:. Google Maps
751:
747:
741:
738:
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721:
717:
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708:
695:
691:
687:
681:
678:
666:. p. 195
665:
664:
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631:
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612:9780813741147
608:
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541:
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468:
465:
458:
453:
448:
446:
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429:
425:
420:
418:
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409:anti-aircraft
407:
402:
398:
394:
384:
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369:
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350:
346:
342:
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334:
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315:
312:
308:
304:
299:
298:(1754–1816).
297:
293:
289:
284:
281:
277:
270:
266:
260:Early history
259:
257:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
232:, and later,
231:
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225:
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119:
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75:
71:
65:
60:
56:
50:
45:
41:
37:
32:
29:
24:
19:
16:
2200:King's Lines
2139:Tuerto Tower
1954:Moorish Wall
1911:Queen’s Gate
1891:Granada Gate
1886:Barcina Gate
1820:West Battery
1780:Spur Battery
1719:
1347:Flat Bastion
1227:. Retrieved
1220:the original
1211:
1199:
1187:. Retrieved
1183:the original
1178:
1169:
1157:. Retrieved
1153:the original
1148:
1122:. Retrieved
1114:
1105:
1093:. Retrieved
1091:(2 ed.)
1087:
1077:
1058:
1052:
1040:. Retrieved
1030:
1018:. Retrieved
1008:
1001:
989:. Retrieved
979:
973:
965:
958:. Retrieved
949:
939:
931:
924:. Retrieved
911:
904:
892:. Retrieved
890:. p. 60
886:
876:
864:. Retrieved
845:
823:. Retrieved
818:
809:
797:. Retrieved
793:the original
788:
754:. Retrieved
749:
740:
728:. Retrieved
724:the original
719:
710:
698:. Retrieved
694:the original
689:
680:
668:. Retrieved
662:
652:
640:. Retrieved
634:
597:
590:
578:. Retrieved
574:the original
565:
555:
543:. Retrieved
535:
526:
444:
439:
435:
431:
427:
421:
416:
400:
389:
352:
351:. A drawing
338:
335:
316:
300:
285:
273:
237:
233:
227:
203:
202:
179:Site history
15:
2144:Round Tower
415:photograph
357:emplacement
192:In use
141: /
117:Coordinates
2250:Categories
2195:Inundation
2058:South Mole
2053:North Mole
1873:City gates
1229:20 October
1189:23 October
1159:22 October
1124:20 October
1115:iwm.org.uk
1095:23 October
1020:23 October
991:22 October
960:22 October
926:23 October
919:. p.
894:22 October
866:22 October
825:23 October
799:20 October
756:22 October
730:23 October
700:23 October
670:23 October
642:22 October
580:20 October
545:20 October
536:fco.gov.uk
519:References
246:George III
126:36°08′46″N
1997:Magazines
1397:Batteries
851:McFarland
303:declivity
216:Gibraltar
129:5°20′46″W
40:Gibraltar
1901:Landport
1339:Bastions
1291:Barracks
1085:(1786).
947:(1845).
884:(1781).
660:(1781).
632:(1786).
397:barbette
26:Part of
2068:Tunnels
1974:Ditches
1855:Castles
1042:3 April
449:Gallery
210:in the
187:c. 1705
2185:Glacis
2175:Flêche
2106:Towers
1065:
857:
609:
424:hoists
206:is an
2153:Other
2040:Moles
1223:(PDF)
1208:(PDF)
395:with
184:Built
169:Owner
1231:2012
1191:2012
1161:2012
1126:2012
1097:2012
1063:ISBN
1044:2013
1022:2012
993:2012
962:2012
928:2012
896:2012
868:2012
855:ISBN
827:2012
801:2012
758:2012
732:2012
702:2012
672:2012
644:2012
607:ISBN
582:2012
547:2012
154:Type
955:167
921:204
440:(E)
436:(D)
432:(C)
236:or
214:of
2252::
1214:.
1210:.
1177:.
1147:.
1134:^
1117:.
1113:.
1012:.
964:.
930:.
849:.
835:^
817:.
787:.
766:^
748:.
718:.
688:.
621:^
568:.
564:.
538:.
534:.
442:.
419:.
376:AA
333:.
256:.
76:,
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1275:e
1268:t
1261:v
1233:.
1193:.
1163:.
1128:.
1099:.
1071:.
1046:.
1024:.
995:.
898:.
870:.
829:.
803:.
760:.
734:.
704:.
674:.
646:.
615:.
584:.
549:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
