341:, who met with him and Bach-Zelewski on 28 July in their new quarters at Liakhovichi in Byelorussia. Fegelein interpreted these orders as follows: Enemy soldiers in uniform were to be taken prisoner, and those found out of uniform were to be shot. Jewish males, with the exception of a few skilled workers such as doctors and leather workers, would be shot. Fegelein split the territory to be covered into two sections divided by the
502:. The second stage of the operation ended on either 29 August or 31 August. Fegelein's final report on the operation, dated 18 September, states that they killed 14,178 Jews, 1,001 partisans, and 699 Red Army soldiers with losses of 17 dead, 36 wounded, and 3 missing. The historian Henning Pieper estimates the actual number of Jews killed being closer to 23,700.
53:
332:
disagreeable attitude to
Germans" — to shoot men, deport women and children, confiscate livestock and food, burn habitations. On the other hand, population "showing agreeable attitude to Germans" was to be "spared" and even to be partially armed. Himmler's orders for the operation were passed to Fegelein via
244:
These massacres are considered to be the first planned mass murders of civilians carried out by Nazi
Germany. At least 13,788 people were killed in phase one and 3,500 Jewish men and boys were killed in phase two. The principal means of execution employed was mass shootings, after the local populace
331:
from the 1st and 2nd SS Cavalry
Regiments. Also, Himmler ordered von dem Bach-Zelewski to present him with the plan of the extermination operation. The "Special order" of Himmler dated 28 July 1941 ordered von dem Bach-Zelewski to harshly exterminate the Pripyat swamps region's population "with
348:
Himmler notified
Fegelein by telegram on 1 August that the numbers killed so far were too low. A few days later, Himmler issued regimental order no. 42, which called for all male Jews over the age of 14 to be killed. The women and children were to be driven into the swamps and drowned. Thus
299:, issued on 27 April. The note was addressed to all countries with which the USSR had maintained diplomatic relations. It is believed that the international publicity and shock caused by this data prompted Nazis to hide or destroy other materials concerned with this operation.
315:
SS Cavalry
Regiments were assigned to the general command of HSSPF von dem Bach-Zelewski for the action which took place in two stages. The beginning date of the operation is considered 28 July 1941. On that day the two SS cavalry regiments were transferred to
517:
By the definition of Alexey Litvin, who considers that the previous definition of operation, given by V. Lazyebnikaw and V. Pase, "operation... against the encircled units of Red Army, partisans and local population", is overly generalized and so
427:
B conducted the mass extermination of the Jewish population in Pinsk. Besides that, several elements of the 1st and 2nd SS Cavalry
Regiments formed the leading force to block Soviet forces which broke out of the encirclement in the vicinity of
345:, with the 1st Regiment taking the northern half and the 2nd Regiment the south. The regiments worked their way from east to west through their assigned territory, and filed daily reports on the number of people killed and taken prisoner.
353:
to wipe out entire Jewish communities. As the water in the swamps was too shallow and some areas had no swamps, it proved impractical to drown the women and children, so in the end they were shot as well.
292:. Beginning on 28 July 1941 and lasting until August, the operation was conducted in two stages, with the second stage beginning on 14 August. There is no data on the SS troops' losses in their reports.
1490:
194:
30:
245:
had been rounded up. Other methods were also tried, including driving people into the swamps and drowning them, though this was largely ineffective owing to their shallowness.
1480:
1475:
1470:
471:. According to the report of 29 August, the brigade's losses were 23 dead and wounded, and the losses of Soviet troops were from 600 to 700 dead and 10 prisoners.
1090:
782:
1444:
296:
1015:
390:, and "combed" the territory to the south, south-east and south-west reaching the Pripyat River. The forces of 2nd SS Cavalry Regiment moved from
123:
214:
94:
748:
729:
467:
In the course of this stage, the 2nd
Regiment fought one or two battalions of the Soviet regular and irregular troops on 21 August 1941 near
1500:
1495:
295:
Captured German documents about the operation reached the Soviet leadership in Moscow in
January 1942, and were published in a note by the
1320:
282:
278:
218:
147:
142:
98:
905:
452:
railroad to the east, conducting the "cleansing" of the right and left banks of the
Pripyat River keeping south of the highway R-1 (
775:
1373:
418:, and searched the territory to the south and north of the Pripyat River, until making contact with 1st SS Cavalry Regiment.
248:
Among others, the villages of
Dvarets, Khochan', Azyarany, Starazhowtsy and Kramno, were completely destroyed by burning and
1264:
1173:
709:(Lazyebnikaw and Pase) Лазебнікаў В. С., Пасэ У. С. Прыпяцкія балоты // Belarusian Soviet Encyclopedia, V.8. p. 604.
1284:
1228:
1404:
1294:
980:
289:
975:
1485:
1390:
1289:
1162:
832:
768:
1279:
1449:
1341:
1315:
1167:
1100:
847:
822:
817:
791:
312:
308:
950:
852:
842:
837:
827:
395:
25:
1425:
1210:
1152:
995:
495:
1363:
1238:
1220:
1147:
1110:
965:
757:(Turonek) Jerzy Turonek. Białoruś pod okupacją niemiecką. Warszawa—Wrocław: WERS, 1989. 186 p., ill.
1347:
940:
935:
915:
1411:
1203:
1193:
1058:
324:
270:
137:
1299:
598:
This plan has not been found, so the information on it has had to be reconstructed. Litvin, 2003
487:
262:
1397:
1335:
910:
744:
725:
475:
1269:
1157:
1095:
1048:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1005:
990:
890:
334:
328:
266:
222:
233:. These units were ordered to kill as many Jews as possible, in a region in and around the
1418:
1330:
1325:
1053:
970:
712:(Litvin 2003) Литвин Алексей. Убийцы // Советская Белоруссия No.226 (21892), 3.12.2003. —
479:
198:
1000:
1248:
1142:
1074:
1043:
1023:
945:
920:
895:
453:
338:
249:
179:
1464:
1368:
1274:
1215:
1115:
1105:
955:
885:
880:
807:
741:
Fegelein's Horsemen and Genocidal Warfare: The SS Cavalry Brigade in the Soviet Union
423:
350:
342:
234:
90:
58:
44:
21:
1233:
985:
930:
206:
102:
875:
491:
445:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
317:
713:
960:
925:
900:
449:
411:
399:
274:
230:
226:
760:
1198:
461:
433:
387:
16:
1941 Nazi massacres of civilians in Byelorussia and Ukraine, Soviet Union
403:
383:
474:
In the course of following days the 1st Regiment combed the region of
205:) were a series of mass murders carried out by the military forces of
499:
483:
457:
429:
112:
444:
The forces of the SS Cavalry Brigade moved from the initial line of
52:
468:
415:
407:
391:
286:
238:
225:
ordered these operations, which were carried out by units of the
210:
61:(also called the Pripyat Marshes), the location of the massacres
764:
241:
of the Byelorussian SSR and three raions of the Ukrainian SSR.
486:, and the 2nd Regiment advanced to the east of the line of
743:. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan.
630:
628:
546:
544:
542:
421:
Coordinating with the 2nd SS Cavalry Regiment's move,
297:
People's Commissariat (Ministry) for Foreign Relations
1491:
Military operations of World War II involving Germany
320:
for the "systematic combing of the Pripyat swamps".
1382:
1356:
1308:
1257:
1186:
1135:
1128:
1083:
1067:
1014:
868:
861:
173:
156:
130:
118:
108:
86:
66:
362:The forces of 1st SS Cavalry Regiment moved from
776:
606:
604:
8:
70:28 July – 29 August 1941
37:
722:Leaders of the SS and German Police, Vol. 1
1481:Holocaust massacres and pogroms in Ukraine
1476:Holocaust massacres and pogroms in Belarus
1445:History of the Jews in Carpathian Ruthenia
1132:
865:
783:
769:
761:
51:
36:
561:
559:
532:
530:
528:
526:
524:
349:Fegelein's units were among the first in
1471:Anti-partisan operations of World War II
323:Shortly thereafter, Himmler ordered the
1374:Extraordinary (Soviet) State Commission
510:
694:
682:
670:
658:
646:
634:
619:
586:
574:
550:
177:Multiple villages completely destroyed
1091:Ukrainian Righteous Among the Nations
221:, during July–August 1941. SS leader
7:
99:Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republics
1321:Ivanhorod Einsatzgruppen photograph
229:(the regular armed forces) and the
327:to be formed under the command of
14:
724:. San Jose, CA: R. James Bender.
285:, under the general command of
122:Soviet civilians (particularly
714:Newspaper's archive in the net
1:
1265:Bogdanovka concentration camp
260:The operation was ordered by
1285:Vapniarka concentration camp
1501:War crimes of the Wehrmacht
1496:War crimes of the Waffen-SS
1405:She Paid the Ultimate Price
1295:Janowska concentration camp
813:Related articles by country
290:Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski
1517:
1391:Luboml: My Heart Remembers
1290:Pechora concentration camp
1174:Ukrainian People's Militia
1163:Ukrainian Auxiliary Police
252:was partially destroyed.
1435:
1280:Syrets concentration camp
1244:Pripyat Marshes massacres
798:
190:Pripyat Marshes massacres
50:
42:
38:Pripyat Marshes massacres
1450:Transnistria Governorate
1342:The Last Jew in Vinnitsa
1168:Ukrainian Insurgent Army
1101:Hermann Friedrich Graebe
976:Karl Eberhard Schöngarth
792:The Holocaust in Ukraine
739:Pieper, Henning (2015).
720:Miller, Michael (2006).
283:252nd Infantry Divisions
303:Beginning of the events
279:162nd Infantry Division
269:to be conducted by the
203:Prypyatsümpfe Säuberung
148:252nd Infantry Division
143:162nd Infantry Division
565:(Lazyebnikaw and Pase)
202:
31:considered for merging
1426:Word of the Righteous
1211:Bila Tserkva massacre
1153:Police Regiment South
996:Hans Graf von Sponeck
649:, pp. 86, 88–89.
394:in the directions of
307:On 19 July 1941, the
1364:Einsatzgruppen trial
1148:Nachtigall Battalion
1111:Klymentiy Sheptytsky
966:Walter von Reichenau
951:Hans-Adolf Prützmann
436:highway on 27 July.
366:in the direction of
1348:Deutsche Volksliste
1229:Kamianets-Podilskyi
941:Hans von Obstfelder
936:Gustav Adolf Nosske
916:Ernst Kaltenbrunner
673:, pp. 119–120.
577:, pp. 79, 119.
39:
1412:The Lemberg Mosaic
1059:Petro Zakhvalynsky
956:Paul Otto Radomski
325:SS Cavalry Brigade
271:SS Cavalry Brigade
237:, comprising nine
163:13,788 (phase one)
138:SS Cavalry Brigade
1486:Massacres in 1941
1458:
1457:
1398:No Place on Earth
1336:Sonderaktion 1005
1222:Durchgangsstrasse
1182:
1181:
1124:
1123:
911:Friedrich Jeckeln
750:978-1-137-45631-1
731:978-9-3297-0037-2
661:, pp. 89–90.
622:, pp. 80–81.
273:, as well as the
186:
185:
182:partially damaged
166:3,500 (phase two)
1508:
1441:
1316:Graebe affidavit
1270:Drohobycz Ghetto
1158:Schutzmannschaft
1133:
1096:Aleksei Glagolev
1049:Hryhoriy Vasiura
1039:Vladimir Katriuk
1034:Anatoliy Kabayda
1029:Feodor Fedorenko
1006:Dieter Wisliceny
991:Heinrich Seetzen
906:Günther Herrmann
891:Hermann Fegelein
866:
814:
804:
785:
778:
771:
762:
754:
735:
698:
692:
686:
680:
674:
668:
662:
656:
650:
644:
638:
632:
623:
617:
611:
608:
599:
596:
590:
584:
578:
572:
566:
563:
554:
548:
537:
534:
519:
515:
440:The second stage
396:Kamen'-Kashirski
335:SS-Brigadefuhrer
329:Hermann Fegelein
267:Heinrich Himmler
223:Heinrich Himmler
197:
81:
79:
75:
55:
40:
34:
1516:
1515:
1511:
1510:
1509:
1507:
1506:
1505:
1461:
1460:
1459:
1454:
1439:
1431:
1419:The White Hotel
1378:
1352:
1331:Generalplan Ost
1326:Katzmann Report
1304:
1300:Priest's Grotto
1253:
1239:Odessa massacre
1178:
1120:
1079:
1063:
1054:Petro Voinovsky
1010:
971:Walter Schimana
857:
812:
802:
794:
789:
751:
738:
732:
719:
706:
701:
693:
689:
681:
677:
669:
665:
657:
653:
645:
641:
633:
626:
618:
614:
610:Turonek, p. 101
609:
602:
597:
593:
585:
581:
573:
569:
564:
557:
549:
540:
535:
522:
516:
512:
508:
442:
360:
358:The first stage
305:
263:Reichsführer-SS
258:
235:Pripyat Marshes
193:
178:
174:Property damage
169:
152:
77:
73:
71:
62:
35:
19:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1514:
1512:
1504:
1503:
1498:
1493:
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1483:
1478:
1473:
1463:
1462:
1456:
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1436:
1433:
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1429:
1422:
1415:
1408:
1401:
1394:
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1371:
1366:
1360:
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1345:
1338:
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1328:
1323:
1318:
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1305:
1303:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1261:
1259:
1255:
1254:
1252:
1251:
1249:Sarny massacre
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1207:
1206:
1196:
1190:
1188:
1184:
1183:
1180:
1179:
1177:
1176:
1171:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1143:Einsatzgruppen
1139:
1137:
1130:
1126:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1119:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1087:
1085:
1081:
1080:
1078:
1077:
1075:Tatiana Markus
1071:
1069:
1065:
1064:
1062:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1044:Vasyl Meleshko
1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1024:John Demjanjuk
1020:
1018:
1012:
1011:
1009:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
981:Heinz Schubert
978:
973:
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
946:Otto Ohlendorf
943:
938:
933:
928:
923:
921:Fritz Katzmann
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
896:Lothar Fendler
893:
888:
883:
878:
872:
870:
863:
859:
858:
856:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
799:
796:
795:
790:
788:
787:
780:
773:
765:
759:
758:
755:
749:
736:
730:
717:
710:
705:
702:
700:
699:
697:, p. 120.
687:
685:, p. 310.
675:
663:
651:
639:
624:
612:
600:
591:
579:
567:
555:
553:, p. 309.
538:
520:
509:
507:
504:
498:) towards the
496:Knyaz'-Vozyera
441:
438:
359:
356:
339:Kurt Knoblauch
304:
301:
257:
254:
184:
183:
175:
171:
170:
168:
167:
164:
160:
158:
154:
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151:
150:
145:
140:
134:
132:
128:
127:
120:
116:
115:
110:
106:
105:
88:
84:
83:
82:(or 31 August)
68:
64:
63:
56:
48:
47:
18:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1513:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1468:
1466:
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1428:
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1420:
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1414:
1413:
1409:
1407:
1406:
1402:
1400:
1399:
1395:
1393:
1392:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1381:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1369:Kharkov Trial
1367:
1365:
1362:
1361:
1359:
1355:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1343:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1313:
1311:
1307:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1275:Mizocz Ghetto
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1260:
1256:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1223:
1219:
1217:
1216:Drobytsky Yar
1214:
1212:
1209:
1205:
1202:
1201:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1191:
1189:
1185:
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1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1140:
1138:
1134:
1131:
1129:Organizations
1127:
1117:
1116:Yurii Sokolov
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1106:Omelyan Kovch
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1088:
1086:
1082:
1076:
1073:
1072:
1070:
1066:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1019:
1017:
1016:Collaborators
1013:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
886:Kurt Eberhard
884:
882:
881:Werner Braune
879:
877:
874:
873:
871:
867:
864:
860:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
811:
809:
808:The Holocaust
806:
801:
800:
797:
793:
786:
781:
779:
774:
772:
767:
766:
763:
756:
752:
746:
742:
737:
733:
727:
723:
718:
715:
711:
708:
707:
703:
696:
691:
688:
684:
679:
676:
672:
667:
664:
660:
655:
652:
648:
643:
640:
637:, p. 81.
636:
631:
629:
625:
621:
616:
613:
607:
605:
601:
595:
592:
589:, p. 79.
588:
583:
580:
576:
571:
568:
562:
560:
556:
552:
547:
545:
543:
539:
536:(Litvin 2003)
533:
531:
529:
527:
525:
521:
514:
511:
505:
503:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
472:
470:
465:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
439:
437:
435:
431:
426:
425:
424:Einsatzgruppe
419:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
357:
355:
352:
351:the Holocaust
346:
344:
343:Pripyat River
340:
337:
336:
330:
326:
321:
319:
314:
310:
302:
300:
298:
293:
291:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
265:
264:
255:
253:
251:
246:
242:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
213:civilians in
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
191:
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1383:Books, films
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1234:Lviv pogroms
1221:
1136:Perpetrators
1001:Otto Wächter
986:Erwin Schulz
931:Felix Landau
869:Perpetrators
803:Main article
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683:Miller 2006
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620:Pieper 2015
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551:Miller 2006
492:Lyakhavichy
446:Baranavichy
380:Ivatsevichy
376:Baranavichy
372:Hantsavichy
368:Lyakhavichy
364:Baranavichy
318:Baranavichy
131:Perpetrator
20:‹ The
1465:Categories
961:Otto Rasch
926:Erich Koch
901:Hans Frank
704:References
518:imprecise.
78:1941-08-29
74:1941-07-28
1204:memorials
1194:Artemivsk
833:Lithuania
450:Luninyets
412:Luninyets
400:Drahichyn
275:Wehrmacht
231:Waffen-SS
227:Wehrmacht
195:‹See Tfd›
29:is being
1440:See also
1309:Evidence
1199:Babi Yar
1084:Rescuers
476:Starobin
462:Babruysk
434:Babruysk
388:Pruzhany
209:against
87:Location
76: –
43:Part of
33:. ›
22:template
1068:Victims
848:Romania
823:Estonia
818:Belarus
404:Ivanava
384:Byaroza
256:History
219:Ukraine
215:Belarus
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1357:Trials
1258:Places
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109:Motive
1170:(UPA)
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408:Sarny
392:Lutsk
287:HSSPF
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745:ISBN
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124:Jews
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313:2nd
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