826:(s) and a completed seller's property information form may document which side has to put up and has installed any fence respectively; the first using "T" marks/symbols (the side with the "T" denotes the owner); the latter by a ticked box to the best of the last owner's belief with no duty, as the conventionally agreed conveyancing process stresses, to make any detailed, protracted enquiry. Commonly the mesh or panelling is in mid-position. Otherwise it tends to be on non-owner's side so the fence owner might access the posts when repairs are needed but this is not a legal requirement. Where estate planners wish to entrench privacy a close-boarded fence or equivalent well-maintained hedge of a minimum height may be stipulated by deed. Beyond a standard height planning permission is necessary.
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the 20th century, and even today, a few isolated regions of the west still have open range statutes on the books. More recently, fences are generally constructed on the surveyed property line as precisely as possible. Today, across the nation, each state is free to develop its own laws regarding fences. In many cases for both rural and urban property owners, the laws were designed to require adjacent landowners to share the responsibility for maintaining a common boundary fenceline. Today, however, only 22 states have retained that provision.
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747:. By the sixteenth century the growth of population and prosperity provided incentives for landowners to use their land in more profitable ways, dispossessing the peasantry. Common fields were aggregated and enclosed by large and enterprising farmers—either through negotiation among one another or by lease from the landlord—to maximize the productivity of the available land and contain livestock. Fences redefined the means by which land is used, resulting in the modern law of servitudes.
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reinforced by historic parcel numbers with acreages beneath which were used to tally up a total for administrative units not to confirm the actual size of holdings, a rare instance where
Ordnance Survey maps often provide more than circumstantial evidence namely as to which feature is to be considered the boundary.
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In the United States, the earliest settlers claimed land by simply fencing it in. Later, as the
American government formed, unsettled land became technically owned by the government and programs to register land ownership developed, usually making raw land available for low prices or for free, if the
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law and tradition, plus the vast land area involved made extensive fencing impractical until mandated by a growing population and conflicts between landowners. The "open range" tradition of requiring landowners to fence out unwanted livestock was dominant in most of the rural west until very late in
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Where a rural fence or hedge has (or in some cases had) an adjacent ditch, the ditch is normally in the same ownership as the hedge or fence, with the ownership boundary being the edge of the ditch furthest from the fence or hedge. The principle of this rule is that an owner digging a boundary ditch
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on their neighbour. They may then erect a fence or hedge on the spoil, leaving the ditch on its far side. Exceptions exist in law, for example where a plot of land derives from subdivision of a larger one along the centre line of a previously existing ditch or other feature, particularly where
1041:"What have they done to the earth? / What have they done to our fair sister? / Ravaged and plundered / and ripped her / and bit her / stuck her with knives / in the side of the dawn / and tied her with fences / and dragged her down." –
415:, or "post-and-rail" fence, composed of pales - vertical posts embedded in the ground, with their exposed end typically tapered to shed water and prevent rot from moisture entering end-grain wood - joined by horizontal rails, characteristically in two or three courses.
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Another aim of using fence is to limit the intrusion attempt into a property by malicious intruders. In support of these barriers there are sophisticated technologies that can be applied on fence itself and strengthen the defence of territory reducing the risk.
504:, a solid fence composed of contiguous or very closely spaced round or half-round posts, or stakes, typically pointed at the top. A scaled down version of a palisade wall made of logs, most commonly used for privacy.
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Wood-panel fencing, whereby finished wood planks are arranged to make large solid panels, which are then suspended between posts, making an almost completely solid wall-like barrier. Usually as a decorative
864:. Large commons with livestock roaming have been greatly reduced by 18th and 19th century Acts for enclosure of commons covering most local units, with most remaining such land in the UK's National Parks.
421:, or stakewall, made of vertical pales placed side by side with one end embedded in the ground and the other typically sharpened, to provide protection; characteristically two courses of
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system, and rapidly increasing population quickly resulted in laws requiring livestock to be fenced in. In the west, land ownership patterns and policies reflected a strong influence of
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The value of fences and the metaphorical significance of a fence, both positive and negative, has been extensively utilized throughout western culture. A few examples include:
761:, as it was easily made as long as there was plenty of timber readily available. Soldiers from both sides of the war made use of wood from these fences for their camp fires.
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Distinctly different land ownership and fencing patterns arose in the eastern and western United States. Original fence laws on the east coast were based on the
British
1023:"There is something about jumping a horse over a fence, something that makes you feel good. Perhaps it's the risk, the gamble. In any event it's a thing I need." –
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A 19th-century law requires railways to be fenced to keep people and livestock out. It is also illegal to trespass on railways, incurring a fine of up to ÂŁ1000.
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owner improved the property, including the construction of fences. However, the remaining vast tracts of unsettled land were often used as a commons, or, in the
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and fenced in, or, if kept in public hands, leased to individual users for limited purposes, with fences built to separate tracts of public and private land.
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226:, amphibian fencing, drift fencing or turtle fence, a low fence of plastic sheeting or similar materials to restrict movement of amphibians or reptiles.
484:- cow), for restraining cattle, made of thin slabs of stone placed upright, found in various places in the north of the UK where suitable stone is had.
202:, to provide safety, security, and to direct movement; wherever temporary access control is required, especially on building and construction sites
602:). Transformer stations are usually surrounded with barbed-wire fences. Around mast radiators, wooden fences are used to avoid the problem of
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In most developed areas the use of fencing is regulated, variously in commercial, residential, and agricultural areas. Height, material,
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is a structure that encloses an area, typically outdoors, and is usually constructed from posts that are connected by boards,
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will normally dig it up to the very edge of their land, and must then pile the spoil on their own side of the ditch to avoid
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Close boarded fencing, strong and robust fence constructed from mortised posts, arris rails and vertical feather edge boards
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areas, from having to continually replace printed signs that often end up being stolen or obliterated by the elements.
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The following types of areas or facilities often are required by law to be fenced in, for safety and security reasons:
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61:. This 1977 view shows how East German authorities placed fences near the tracks to keep potential defectors at bay
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situation arose, common areas began to either be allocated to individual landowners via mechanisms such as the
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860:, it is the surrounding landowners' duty to fence the common's livestock out such as in large parts of the
1067:"A woman's dress should be like a barbed-wire fence: serving its purpose without obstructing the view." –
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fencing, a fence made using wires on either side of brushwood, to compact the brushwood material together.
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1017:"A good neighbour is a fellow who smiles at you over the back fence, but doesn't climb over it." –
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fixed machinery with dangerous mobile parts (for example at merry go rounds on entertainment parks)
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Servitudes are legal arrangements of land use arising out of private agreements. Under the
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mounds in semiarid grasslands such as the western United States or
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is a fence to prevent people from falling over an edge, most commonly found on a
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Decorative fencing, to enhance the appearance of a property, garden or other
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1377:"Land Registry plans: boundaries (practice guide 40, supplement 3) - GOV.UK"
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Ownership of a fence on a boundary varies. The last relevant original title
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such as this in West
Virginia was ubiquitous in the Eastern Theater of the
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574:, and aesthetic issues are among the considerations subject to regulation.
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made of vertical slabs of slate wired together. Commonly used in parts of
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A snow-covered vaccary fence near
Ramsbottom in Greater Manchester, UK
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system, most land in
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Facilities with open high-voltage equipment (transformer stations,
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Composite
Fencing, made from a mixture of recycled wood and plastic
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https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/5-6/55/section/X/enacted
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paint markings on fences (or trees) are the legal equivalent of "
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In registered land scanned in and stored at the Land
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that were used to support the needs of the local village or
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Sound barrier or acoustic fencing, to reduce noise pollution
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Freestanding structure preventing movement across a boundary
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Jesse
Dukeminer et al., Property, pp. 668-70 (6th ed. 2006)
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The elements that reinforce the perimeter protection are:
1006:"Good fences make good neighbors." – a proverb quoted by
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in not having a solid foundation along its whole length.
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Amusement equipment which may pose danger for passers-by
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This article is about the structure. For the sport, see
852:, it is the landowner's responsibility to fence their
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are added on the interior side to reinforce the wall.
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pattern, particularly in newly settled parts of the
1169:. William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. p. 534.
636:Pastures containing male breeding animals, notably
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196:Privacy fencing, to provide privacy and security
512:fencing, of split branches woven between stakes.
358:principle, sometimes only as a temporary barrier
162:, laid out as a "living fence", rural area, Cuba
140:Portable metal fences around a construction site
124:Split-rail fencing common in timber-rich areas
1477:, British Trust for Conservation Volunteers,
8:
532:Woven wire fencing, many designs, from fine
314:Means for communicating information remotely
1225:"How to keep those noisy neighbours at bay"
536:to heavy mesh "sheep fence" or "ring fence"
395:is the use of live woody species for fences
336:, wire fencing made of wires woven together
132:A chain-link wire fence surrounding a field
1167:Collins Dictionary of the English Language
237:, an underground fence for pet containment
217:Boundary fencing, to demarcate a piece of
1411:Alan Wibberley Building Limited v. Insley
926:Learn how and when to remove this message
830:The hedge and ditch ownership presumption
719:Learn how and when to remove this message
1464:Encyclopædia Britannica (1982). Vol IV,
108:Typical agricultural barbed wire fencing
1157:
1035:"To be fenced in is to be withheld." –
647:Open-air areas that charge an entry fee
1286:from the original on February 14, 2017
966:, have enacted laws establishing that
553:fencing, also known as ornamental iron
974:" signs. The laws are meant to spare
615:Explosive factories and quarry stores
609:Railway lines (in the United Kingdom)
294:, cliffs, pits, and bodies of water.
7:
1409:(1810) 3 Taunt. 137, 138, quoted in
1235:from the original on 5 November 2015
1061:"You shall build a turtle fence." –
908:adding citations to reliable sources
701:adding citations to reliable sources
409:fencing, made from moveable sections
286:and balustrades are also used along
797:developed due to overgrazing and a
441:and other areas rich in raw timber.
1223:Guinness, Bunny (12 August 2009).
466:, made of timber, often laid in a
84:Alternatives to fencing include a
25:
1444:"'Purple Paint' Trespass Warning"
1413:, House of Lords Judgement (1999)
1231:. Telegraph Media Group Limited.
498:or rock fence, often agricultural
57:, West German trains ran through
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480:Vaccary fence (named from Latin
1387:from the original on 2017-02-18
1316:from the original on 2012-05-24
1257:. Privacy Fence. Archived from
1029:"Fear is the highest fence." –
895:needs additional citations for
688:needs additional citations for
1:
1499:The dictionary definition of
308:Peripheral alarm control unit
1198:. pbi publications. p.
950:Some U.S. states, including
1165:Patrick Hanks, ed. (1985).
317:remote alarm receiving unit
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447:Slate fencing in Mid-Wales
29:
1280:"One Roofing Association"
739:were allocated strips of
492:Solid fences, including:
156:Between fence and hedge:
77:. A fence differs from a
1190:Dr D G Hessayon (1992).
986:Cultural value of fences
159:Acanthocereus tetragonus
1442:Dan Evon (7 Sep 2016).
848:On private land in the
666:Mass concrete fence in
653:Swimming pools and spas
633:Zoos and wildlife parks
590:with barbed wire on top
452:Slate fence, a type of
381:of intertwined, living
179:in and/or predators out
88:(sometimes filled with
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36:Fence (disambiguation)
34:. For other uses, see
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1527:Engineering barrages
1081:Agricultural fencing
904:improve this article
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844:Fencing of livestock
793:" as degradation of
697:improve this article
230:Pest-exclusion fence
173:Agricultural fencing
1131:Fencing (computing)
868:Fencing of railways
586:Typical chain link
350:Expanding fence or
311:Means of deterrence
258:Security fence for
1532:Perimeter security
1418:2017-07-08 at the
1357:www.higgsllp.co.uk
1116:Separation barrier
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1263:. Retrieved
1259:the original
1249:
1237:. Retrieved
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1101:Post pounder
1069:Sophia Loren
1043:Jim Morrison
1037:Kurt Tippett
1012:Mending Wall
1008:Robert Frost
1001:
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902:Please help
897:verification
894:
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695:Please help
690:verification
687:
593:
578:Required use
569:
558:Legal issues
551:Wrought iron
534:chicken wire
515:Wire fences
481:
393:Live fencing
387:hedge laying
374:Cactus fence
300:
296:
265:
250:School fence
224:Newt fencing
157:
92:, forming a
83:
66:
64:
59:East Germany
1290:October 27,
1057:Cole Porter
1019:Arthur Baer
994:A fence in
858:common land
837:trespassing
741:arable land
522:Barbed wire
439:Scandinavia
213:landscaping
183:Blast fence
167:By function
73:, rails or
53:During the
1516:Categories
1391:2017-02-17
1381:www.gov.uk
1362:2024-08-15
1320:2012-06-15
1265:2014-09-02
1239:1 November
1147:References
1111:Pool fence
996:Thavakkara
976:landowners
940:common law
862:New Forest
791:open range
547:perimeter.
413:Pale fence
356:pantograph
268:balustrade
246:Snow fence
241:Pool fence
175:, to keep
1047:The Doors
854:livestock
818:Generally
773:fence at
642:stallions
379:Hedgerows
328:Brushwood
305:Detectors
235:Pet fence
177:livestock
1416:Archived
1385:Archived
1314:Archived
1284:Archived
1233:Archived
1075:See also
960:Missouri
956:Illinois
737:peasants
454:palisade
419:Palisade
276:stairway
262:in Korea
55:Cold War
1474:Fencing
998:, India
944:Spanish
795:habitat
658:History
627:Prisons
572:setback
468:zig-zag
352:trellis
340:Chicane
292:bridges
280:balcony
272:railing
260:schools
75:netting
32:Fencing
1522:Fences
1481:
1448:Snopes
1206:
1173:
1136:Zariba
968:purple
962:, and
779:Poland
771:wattle
733:feudal
668:Russia
510:Wattle
476:Canada
407:Hurdle
383:shrubs
1502:fence
1466:Fence
1152:Notes
1045:, of
980:rural
952:Texas
745:manor
638:bulls
524:fence
458:Wales
423:waler
368:Hedge
362:Ha-ha
288:roofs
100:Types
90:water
86:ditch
67:fence
1479:ISBN
1292:2016
1241:2015
1204:ISBN
1171:ISBN
1055:" –
824:deed
805:and
640:and
482:vaca
474:and
399:Turf
94:moat
79:wall
71:wire
906:by
789:, "
699:by
270:or
96:).
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