354:(JATO) rockets. The ORDCIT (Ordnance Department California Institute of Technology) project was the Private A which was initiated on May 24, 1944. The Guggenheim Aeronautical Laboratory, California Institute of Technology (GALCIT) was reorganized as the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. The objective was to progressively increase the size and range of missiles. A GALCIT JATO rocket motor was used for research into the development of
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in Texas between April 1 and April 13 in 1945. These tests included two with dummy
Private F bodies with only the boosters live. The Private F had the propellant charge reduced from 191 to 175 pounds (87 to 79 kg) to allow a 20 pounds (9.1 kg) slow burning charge to provide tracking after
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booster rockets that were jettisoned after launch. This made
Private A the first multistage rocket to be flown in the United States. The gross weight of Private A was 500 pounds. 24 launches of Private A were conducted at Leach Springs, Camp Irwin between December 1 and December 16, 1944. The tests
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A new version of
Private, Private F, was developed; the rocket was similar to Private A, except an aircraft-like tail assembly was fitted instead of Private A's cruciform fins with forward canard surfaces. The purpose of Private F was to determine the behavior of rockets with wings. Private F was
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engine burnout. 17 launches were conducted, however none of them were successful; the rocket proving to have serious stability problems. Every one of them rolled within seconds of launch. It was determined that while fin stabilisation was workable, a winged missile would require an
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were considered successful, Private A proving capable of flights of 18,000 metres (20,000 yd), and in
January 1945 full funding for the ballistic missile program was provided, with GALCIT changing its name to
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ballistic missile. The
Private was the first in a series of JPL rocket designs for the US Army, whose names correspond to the progression in Army enlisted ranks, leading to
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Essays on the
History of Rocketry and Astronautics: Proceedings of the Third Through the Sixth History Symposia of the International Academy of Astronautics
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flown from a launcher adjustable in elevation. There were a number of configurations tested though they all were of the same basic configuration.
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703:"America's first long-range-missile and space exploration program: The ORDCIT project of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 1943–1946: A memoir"
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on behalf of the United States Army. Tested in two different configurations, it provided the proof of concept that a fin-stabilised
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Private A (XF10S1000) was an unguided, fin-stabilised ballistic rocket; it consisted of a JATO unit equipped with
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Major
General Gladeon M. Barnes (right) and JPL Acting Director Frank Malina stand near a Private mockup in 1945.
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Following the conclusion of the
Private program, the lessons learned were applied to the development of the
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Directory of U.S. Military
Rockets and Missiles Appendix 4: Undesignated Vehicles
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Strange Angel: The
Otherworldly Life of Rocket Scientist John Whiteside Parsons
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Bluth, John (1999). "Malina, Frank Joseph (02 October 1912–09 November 1981)".
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358:. The first flight of the Private A rocket, developed under the direction of
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The Private program was begun in 1944 as an outgrowth of work by the
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Development of the Corporal: The Embryo of the Army Missile Program
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A test series of Private F launches was conducted at Hueco Range,
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The Rockets and Missiles of White Sands Proving Ground 1945–1958
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was technologically feasible, and led to the development of the
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542:. Aviation Week & Space Technology. Archived from
540:"Qian Xuesen Laid Foundation For Space Rise in China"
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362:, took place in December 1944, conducted at
298:was an experimental rocket developed by the
567:. New York: The Viking Press. p. 250.
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81:0.86 metres (2 ft 10 in) finspan
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913:Experimental rockets of the United States
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350:that had produced the first practical
604:Kennedy, Gregory P. (28 March 2009).
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538:Perrett, Bradley (6 January 2008).
565:Rockets, Missiles and Space Travel
348:Guggenheim Aeronautical Laboratory
344:California Institute of Technology
300:California Institute of Technology
43:Guggenheim Aeronautical Laboratory
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519:from the original on 19 July 2021
65:2.34 metres (7 ft 8 in)
475:Bragg, James W. (1 April 1961).
1:
705:. In Hall, R. Cargill (ed.).
494:Army Ballistic Missile Agency
373:tail fins, and a set of four
73:240 millimetres (9.6 in)
810:at Encyclopedia Astronautica
668:American National Biography
195:24.5 kN (5,500 lb
89:240 kilograms (529 lb)
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918:Jet Propulsion Laboratory
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436:. designation-systems.net
380:Jet Propulsion Laboratory
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171:
18:
428:Parsch, Andreas (2004).
245:4.4 kN (990 lb
160:April 13, 1945
673:Oxford University Press
430:"JPL (GALCIT) Private"
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847:"Rank" series rockets
352:jet-assisted take-off
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140:December 1, 1944
715:. pp. 339–379.
746:(6 February 2006).
610:Schiffer Publishing
405:ballistic missile.
34:Experimental rocket
754:(First ed.).
356:ballistic missiles
340:
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619:978-0-7643-3251-7
403:SSM-A-17 Corporal
304:ballistic missile
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49:Country of origin
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711:. Vol. II.
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546:on 21 May 2011.
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102:Launch history
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793:Google Books
791:– via
785:. Retrieved
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732:. Retrieved
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544:the original
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521:. Retrieved
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438:. Retrieved
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322:and finally
312:WAC Corporal
295:
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144:79 years ago
137:First flight
115:Launch sites
39:Manufacturer
157:Last flight
907:Categories
729:1029758851
721:B001P0ESAM
652:Q107604474
628:2008943511
561:Ley, Willy
502:B00CLE6SF4
440:2014-05-15
409:References
391:Fort Bliss
364:Camp Irwin
316:Corporal E
271:Propellant
234:Powered by
221:Propellant
184:Powered by
164:1945-04-13
149:1944-12-01
123:Fort Bliss
119:Camp Irwin
892:Shavetail
845:U.S. Army
774:864308711
644:23908772M
636:488934901
583:860747054
563:(1951) .
396:autopilot
371:cruciform
254:Burn time
204:Burn time
25:Private F
887:Sergeant
877:Corporal
862:Yardbird
782:7365731M
701:(1972).
648:Wikidata
591:8689533M
514:Archived
510:31956332
324:Sergeant
308:Corporal
70:Diameter
31:Function
867:Private
857:Recruit
808:Private
787:19 July
734:19 July
523:19 July
490:Alabama
330:History
296:Private
266:seconds
216:seconds
162: (
147: (
110:Retired
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199:) each
107:Status
94:Stages
62:Height
517:(PDF)
482:(PDF)
284:[
274:Solid
224:Solid
142:;
78:Width
789:2021
770:OCLC
760:ISBN
736:2021
725:OCLC
717:ASIN
713:NASA
632:OCLC
624:LCCN
614:ISBN
579:OCLC
569:ISBN
525:2021
506:OCLC
498:ASIN
213:00.2
86:Mass
57:Size
677:doi
375:T22
346:'s
178:T22
97:Two
909::
778:OL
776:.
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640:OL
638:.
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587:OL
585:.
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552:^
512:.
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488:,
449:^
432:.
416:^
398:.
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263:30
132:41
121:,
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830:t
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261::
259:0
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247:f
237:1
211::
209:0
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187:4
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
