441:
491:
483:
354:, and she employed two nurses (including Seely, Greenwood, Mundy and Saltmarsh over the years) and domestic staff. Mrs Gardner became Mrs Duncan when she married Horace Duncan, some time before 1885. There are mentions in contemporary newspapers of "Mrs H. E. Duncan's Private Hospital, Wakefield Street" and Mrs Duncan at "Private Hospital, Wakefield Street" from early 1885, in 1886, and an advertisement about a lost dog refers to H. Duncan at Private Hospital, Wakefield Street in February 1888.
543:, owned by the state government, expressed an interest in purchasing it, but the directors of the hospital recommended to their shareholders instead to accept an offer made by a group of doctors associated with the hospital, as they wanted it to remain in private hands. On 18 August 1949 over 80% of shareholders sold their shares to the 105 doctors involved.
388:
in London in 1884, she returned to
Adelaide to work at for Dr William Gardner, who requested that she become matron of the PHWS. Tibbits was responsible for doubling the number of beds to 30, after acquiring two cottages in Ifould Street at the rear of the hospital and had another double-storey house
529:
Within the first 10 months of its operation, the company had already made a net profit of £1,164. The
Private Hospital Wakefield Street Nurses' Association was founded in September 1935, with Miss E. Wark, the first ever probationer at the hospital, appointed as president. The hospital continued to
451:
was head nurse at PHWS for around two years from 1889, before returning to her previous employer, the
Adelaide Children's Hospital. In 1902 she was taken on as a partner at Wakefield, and after Tibbits' retirement in 1903 acquired the hospital. Hill sold the hospital to Sophy Laurence, who had
506:, formerly the home of Dr Neische. It was reported in July 1933 that the building, then a guest house and boarding house called Carnarvon Mansions, had been purchased and was going to be demolished to make way for a 50-bed hospital. Designed by Messrs McMichael & Harris (
467:. She enlarged the hospital, buying three more cottages as well as the Adelaide College of Music Hall, which (being the quietest place) became the night nurses' sleeping quarters. Former trainee and theatre sister of Laurence, Miss M.R. Rowe, purchased the hospital from her.
558:
The hospital was known as the
Wakefield Memorial Hospital from sometime during the 1960s onwards, and was referred to by this name as late as 1993. In 1984 and during election years until 1993, the Wakefield Memorial Hospital was assigned by the
602:
in
September 2020, "with plans to fit it out as a state of the art health and medical precinct", which would be leased out and might be suitable as an aged care facility. The hospital still included structures dating back to the 1880s.
538:
However, after World War Two at the end of the 1940s, costs rose and despite increased revenue, profits dropped, leading to its being put up for sale. By then described as a 57-bed hospital, the Women's
Auxiliary of the
1767:
337:
and at patients' homes, after being impressed by her aptitude for nursing when caring for her ill husband before his death. Dr
Gardner asked her to set up a hospital to nurse some of their patients, at a
1960:
526:
and chairman of the hospital board. Its cost was £31,000, of which £12,000 was in the form of a loan. The staff comprised 8 sisters, 27 nurses and probationers, and 16 domestic staff, all under Rowe.
440:
510:), it would include an operating theatre, accommodation for staff, central heating, and "all the latest scientific appliances", for which Sister Rowe would be reviewing equipment in hospitals in
325:
The
Wakefield was one of the first private hospitals in Adelaide, operating from about 1883 or 1884 after being opened by Mrs Gardner, a widow with three young children. Two doctors, Drs
606:
The closed hospital was contracted for overflow COVID-19 treatment in 2021, but not called for. It was later proposed as a quarantine medi-hotel but did not meet the requirements.
575:
and called
Wakefield Hospital. The new owners were Little Company of Mary (LCM) Health Care (also known as Calvary Health Care), overseen by the international religious institute
1965:
1875:
1677:"Australian Electoral Commission Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918 Declarations of hospitals to be special hospitals for the purposes of taking votes in specified elections"
452:
trained under her, in 1913. At this time, there were five hospital buildings and four cottages for staff. Drs Verco, Todd and others continued at the hospital under Hill.
1706:"Australian Electoral Commission Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918 Declarations of hospitals to be special hospitals for the purpose of taking votes in specified elections"
1735:"Australian Electoral Commission Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918 Declaration of hospitals to be special hospitals for the purposes of taking votes in an election"
282:
1582:
405:
and (from 1901) state of South
Australia. Her tenure as the first matron of the hospital came to an end in 1903. She sold the hospital to her life-long friend
86:
410:
635:
1955:
1900:
1950:
1940:
523:
490:
1005:
576:
1555:
519:
1648:"Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918 Declaration of hospitals to be special hospitals for the purposes of taking votes in specified elections"
1112:
393:, a name it retained so long as it was a hospital. The hospital underwent enormous progress under Tibbits, and in November 1938 a brass
459:
of PHWS from Hill in 1913 and remained matron until 1926. During this time she made many further improvements, including changing from
992:
1739:
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1623:
856:
828:
1448:
744:
373:
31:
1945:
1080:
997:
686:
229:
376:, where she was the first to receive a certificate of training from the hospital in 1881. After completing her training in
1794:
502:
Rowe established the company Wakefield Street Private Hospital Ltd, which bought the site at the corner of Wakefield and
79:
1826:
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482:
429:
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330:
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364:, took over the hospital in 1888 when Mrs Duncan was forced to retire owing to poor health. Tibbits was born in
804:. Vol. XXII, no. 6, 329. South Australia. 3 February 1885. p. 1 (Half-Past One O'clock Edition.)
720:. Vol. XXII, no. 6, 317. South Australia. 20 January 1885. p. 1 (Half-Past One O'clock Edition.)
552:
390:
444:
Dr Neische's former home in 1933, shortly before it was demolished to make way for the purpose-built facility
1049:
631:
560:
540:
334:
206:
1772:
1532:
587:
421:
314:
416:
Apart from Drs Gardner, Way and Giles, other doctors associated with the hospital under Tibbits included
289:
not-for-profit organisation. In 2020 it was vacated, being replaced by a newly constructed facility, the
503:
448:
406:
471:
394:
156:
1476:
571:
From 2001 until its acquisition in 2006 the hospital, by then with a 172-bed capacity, was owned by
507:
350:
in South Australia was performed there. The hospital could accommodate 14 patients. Mrs Gardner was
1417:
1389:
1305:
1193:
1165:
456:
389:
built on the eastern side of the hospital in Wakefield Street, which she named "Hatherton", after
17:
1504:
590:, 700 metres (770 yards) away, which also has a privately operated 24-hour emergency department.
572:
397:
was erected by the Wakefield Street Private Hospital Trained Nurses' Association in the hospital
401:
in her memory. Under Tibbits, the hospital became the first training hospital for nurses in the
1901:"Coronavirus cases to head to 'dedicated floors' at Adelaide medi-hotel, not separate facility"
1019:
1011:
1001:
935:
927:
498:
was opened in Angas Street. The original building, shown here in 2022, was demolished in 2023.
464:
326:
1169:. Company notes. Vol. XXIII, no. 3, 465. South Australia. 28 August 1934. p. 8
1117:
277:. In 1935, the hospital occupied new, purpose-built premises on the corner of Wakefield and
262:
128:
71:
30:"Wakefield Hospital" redirects here. For Wakefield Hospital in Wellington, New Zealand, see
494:
The hospital was greatly expanded and modernised in the 1980s. It closed in 2020 after the
1852:
425:
274:
1592:(Winter 2018). South Australian Perioperative Nurses Association: 3. 2018. Archived from
1508:. Vol. 44, no. 12, 596. Australian Capital Territory. 15 April 1970. p. 21
486:
The newly constructed hospital at the corner of Hutt Street and Wakefield Street in 1935
286:
132:
1440:
1934:
918:
Lyon, E.E. (May 1977). "Short history of PHWS (Private Hospital, Wakefield Street)".
369:
357:
339:
306:
123:
518:. The new hospital, which was completed in June 1934, was opened on 5 July 1934 by
460:
417:
398:
385:
343:
1619:"Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918 Declaration of hospitals to be special hospitals"
342:
house, formerly owned by the Sunter family, on Wakefield Street. Way, Gardner and
987:
675:. Adelaide: South Australian Trained Nurses’ Centenary Committee. February 1938.
302:
278:
67:
1768:"Work to start on $ 300 million new Calvary city hospital to replace Wakefield"
1421:. Vol. 63, no. 9, 701. South Australia. 14 September 1954. p. 25
860:. Vol. XXIX, no. 1, 477. South Australia. 11 December 1886. p. 4
1801:
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1705:
1676:
1647:
1618:
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1471:
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1188:
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888:. Vol. XXV, no. 7, 250. South Australia. 15 February 1888. p. 1
879:
832:. Vol. XXVIII, no. 1, 442. South Australia. 10 April 1886. p. 4
795:
776:. Vol. XXII, no. 6, 327. South Australia. 31 January 1885. p. 1
767:
711:
579:. After the acquisition, the hospital was renamed Calvary Wakefield Hospital.
294:
1795:"Adelaide hospitals acquired by LCM Health Care/Calvary Health Care Adelaide"
1356:
1328:
1272:
1244:
1216:
1129:
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953:
931:
851:
823:
748:. Vol. XXVII, no. 8192. South Australia. 20 January 1885. p. 1
739:
101:
88:
1393:. Vol. 53, no. 8, 123. South Australia. 18 August 1949. p. 17
1044:
1023:
515:
381:
298:
1830:
1197:. Vol. XXIII, no. 3, 419. South Australia. 5 July 1934. p. 4
1074:"Past Presidents of South Australian Branch of the BMA and AMA (SA) 1879-"
1053:. Vol. LIX, no. 18, 288. South Australia. 25 May 1917. p. 6
1309:. Vol. 52, no. 8, 040. South Australia. 13 May 1949. p. 16
939:
144:
139:
1480:. Vol. 20, no. 23. South Australia. 21 January 1965. p. 2
474:
and allowed them to stay at the hospital while building their networks.
365:
361:
310:
1924:
They became nurses: A history of nursing in South Australia, 1836-1980
1536:. Vol. 29, no. 34. South Australia. 10 April 1974. p. 5
333:(unknown relationship to her husband), employed her at their rooms on
511:
377:
351:
347:
1102:
346:
sent patients to the hospital, and the first operation to remove a
489:
481:
439:
372:, England, in 1854, and started her nursing career in 1879 at the
470:
In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the hospital employed
1876:"Adelaide's ex-Calvary Wakefield set for health, medical refurb"
1108:
1161:"Dividend in first year: Wakefield Street Private Hospital"
420:
and Charles Edward Todd, who was the eldest son of pioneer
530:
be highly successful, and lucrative for its shareholders.
1104:
Nursing services in the Rockhampton district, 1911 – 1957
673:
Nursing in South Australia: First Hundred Years 1837-1937
996:. Vol. 9. Canberra: National Centre of Biography,
1961:
Demolished buildings and structures in South Australia
563:
as a site for registering votes in federal elections.
598:The complex was acquired by the Pelligra Group for
582:The hospital was superseded in 2020 by the 344-bed
261:, referred to informally as "the Wakefield", was a
225:
201:
196:
188:
180:
175:
165:
155:
150:
138:
122:
117:
78:
62:
57:
44:
1827:"Calvary completes Adelaide hospital acquisitions"
409:who co-founded the South Australia branch of the
27:Private hospital in South Australia, 1883/84–2020
1225:. South Australia. 30 September 1935. p. 15
1217:"Wakefield Street Hospital Nurses' Association"
962:. South Australia. 10 November 1938. p. 10
1744:. No. GN41. 17 October 2001. p. 3141
609:The original building was demolished in 2023.
1281:. South Australia. 27 October 1949. p. 7
1253:. South Australia. 26 August 1938. p. 22
8:
1829:. Catholic News. 29 May 2006. Archived from
1715:. No. S65. 26 February 1993. p. 20
1365:. South Australia. 6 August 1949. p. 12
913:
911:
909:
907:
905:
903:
1966:Buildings and structures demolished in 2023
1657:. No. GN1. 13 January 1988. p. 13
1628:. No. S439. 26 October 1984. p. 1
66:57 Hutt Street, Adelaide, on the corner of
1752:– via National Library of Australia.
1723:– via National Library of Australia.
1694:– via National Library of Australia.
1665:– via National Library of Australia.
1636:– via National Library of Australia.
1556:"South Australia Nurses Regulations, 1986"
1544:– via National Library of Australia.
1516:– via National Library of Australia.
1488:– via National Library of Australia.
1429:– via National Library of Australia.
1401:– via National Library of Australia.
1373:– via National Library of Australia.
1357:"Acceptance of hospital offer recommended"
1345:– via National Library of Australia.
1317:– via National Library of Australia.
1289:– via National Library of Australia.
1261:– via National Library of Australia.
1233:– via National Library of Australia.
1205:– via National Library of Australia.
1177:– via National Library of Australia.
1146:– via National Library of Australia.
1061:– via National Library of Australia.
981:
979:
977:
970:– via National Library of Australia.
896:– via National Library of Australia.
868:– via National Library of Australia.
840:– via National Library of Australia.
812:– via National Library of Australia.
784:– via National Library of Australia.
756:– via National Library of Australia.
728:– via National Library of Australia.
667:
665:
663:
661:
659:
657:
655:
653:
41:
1337:. South Australia. 13 May 1949. p. 1
1155:
1153:
1138:. South Australia. 6 July 1933. p. 8
691:South Australian Medical Heritage Society
687:"Nursing uniforms: history and evolution"
317:unit in the city. It employed 600 staff.
309:services to patients. It specialised in
1761:
1759:
411:Australasian Trained Nurses' Association
1686:. No. S64. 8 March 1990. p. 5
626:
624:
622:
618:
283:Little Company of Mary Health Care Ltd.
1570:Regulations under the Nurses Act, 1984
634:. Little Company of Mary Health Care.
524:Legislative Council of South Australia
360:(1854–1932), regarded as a pioneer of
74:, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
39:Hospital in South Australia, Australia
577:Sisters of the Little Company of Mary
7:
1874:Pallisco, Marc (29 September 2020).
1441:"Wakefield Street Memorial Hospital"
313:care, and was the only private 24/7
215:/wakefield-private-hospital-adelaide
1583:"Member Profile: Michiela Gardiner"
1245:"Wakefield Street Private Hospital"
1130:"Company to build private hospital"
1113:Queensland University of Technology
993:Australian Dictionary of Biography
638:from the original on 12 April 2019
632:"About Calvary Wakefield Hospital"
285:, known as Calvary Health Care, a
243:Private Hospital, Wakefield Street
25:
18:Private Hospital, Wakefield Street
1853:"About Calvary Adelaide Hospital"
1740:Commonwealth of Australia Gazette
1711:Commonwealth of Australia Gazette
1682:Commonwealth of Australia Gazette
1653:Commonwealth of Australia Gazette
1624:Commonwealth of Australia Gazette
1301:"Auxiliary wants to buy hospital"
857:South Australian Weekly Chronicle
829:South Australian Weekly Chronicle
251:Wakefield Street Private Hospital
169:50 at opening of building in 1935
1956:1883 establishments in Australia
1449:State Library of South Australia
551:The hospital was damaged in the
184:1883 or 1884 (under other names)
1800:. Catholic News. Archived from
1528:"Retirement of Nursing Adviser"
920:The Australasian Nurses Journal
745:The South Australian Advertiser
424:, and who was President of the
32:Wakefield Hospital, New Zealand
1081:Australian Medical Association
998:Australian National University
1:
1951:Hospitals established in 1883
1941:Catholic hospitals in Oceania
1766:Starick, Paul (28 May 2016).
1273:"Hospital Costs Rise Sharply"
954:"Memorial Tablet At Hospital"
380:and a further six months' of
281:. In 2006 it was acquired by
1385:"Doctors buy hospital scrip"
374:Adelaide Children's Hospital
1329:"Plan for women's hospital"
430:British Medical Association
265:founded in 1883 or 1884 on
255:Wakefield Memorial Hospital
1982:
1413:"Quake damage at hospital"
1101:Madsen, Wendy Lee (2005).
1072:AMA Historical Committee.
239:Calvary Wakefield Hospital
45:Calvary Wakefield Hospital
29:
1855:. Calvary South Australia
1362:The Advertiser (Adelaide)
1334:The Advertiser (Adelaide)
1278:The Advertiser (Adelaide)
1250:The Advertiser (Adelaide)
1222:The Advertiser (Adelaide)
1135:The Advertiser (Adelaide)
1045:"Death of Dr. C. E. Todd"
959:The Advertiser (Adelaide)
885:The Express and Telegraph
801:The Express and Telegraph
773:The Express and Telegraph
717:The Express and Telegraph
584:Calvary Adelaide Hospital
496:Calvary Adelaide Hospital
391:her home in Staffordshire
291:Calvary Adelaide Hospital
53:
553:1954 Adelaide earthquake
299:inpatient and outpatient
293:. The hospital provided
988:"Kate Hill (1859–1933)"
986:Gibberd, Joyce (1983).
561:Commonwealth Government
541:Royal Adelaide Hospital
499:
487:
445:
315:accident and emergency
230:Hospitals in Australia
171:172 at closure in 2020
1946:Hospitals in Adelaide
1922:Durdin, Joan (1991).
1189:"New hospital opened"
586:, newly built at 120
493:
485:
443:
1926:. Allen & Unwin.
1742:. Government Notices
1655:. Government Notices
1533:The Coromandel Times
455:Laurence bought the
395:commemorative plaque
157:Emergency department
102:34.9276°S 138.6113°E
1452:. 27 September 1963
522:, president of the
478:New building (1934)
472:private duty nurses
98: /
1907:. 7 December 2020.
1833:on 3 February 2007
1505:The Canberra Times
1472:"Mainly for Women"
573:Ramsay Health Care
500:
488:
446:
259:Wakefield Hospital
107:-34.9276; 138.6113
1500:"Aid for Vietnam"
1007:978-0-522-84459-7
465:electric lighting
327:Edward Willis Way
235:
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118:Organisation
49:1883/84–2020
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1773:Sunday Mail
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432:1901–1902.
303:orthopaedic
241:, formerly
124:Care system
105: /
93:138°36′41″E
80:Coordinates
68:Hutt Street
1935:Categories
1837:8 December
1811:8 December
1029:2 November
926:(10): 18.
613:References
547:1950s–2000
321:Beginnings
295:acute care
90:34°55′39″S
1713:. Special
1684:. Special
1626:. Special
1016:1833-7538
932:0301-018X
516:Melbourne
449:Kate Hill
413:in 1905.
407:Kate Hill
382:midwifery
58:Geography
1905:ABC News
1779:10 April
1024:70677943
636:Archived
457:goodwill
271:Adelaide
151:Services
63:Location
366:Walsall
362:nursing
311:cardiac
202:Website
176:History
145:General
129:Private
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512:Sydney
403:colony
378:London
352:matron
348:larynx
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217:/about
189:Closed
181:Opened
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1798:(PDF)
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384:at a
297:with
226:Lists
197:Links
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213:.au
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