Private university - Knowledge (XXG)

552: 1230: 1894: 163: 38: 1944:(OfS) in England; any university can, in principle, choose to leave the publicly funded sector and the associated fee cap (although they would remain subject to OfS regulation, which applies to all higher education providers in England). Since September 2012 government funding for teaching and background funding for research has been substantially reduced, with one study from that year indicating that annual government funding for teaching and research would make up just 15% of universities' income by 2015. 729:. These universities offer a range of undergraduate, graduate, and professional programs in fields such as business, engineering, and information technology. Private universities in Oman offer a more personalized and interactive learning experience, as the student-teacher ratio is typically lower and there are more opportunities for hands-on learning. Additionally, private universities in Oman often have more flexible curriculums and can respond quickly to changing labor markets and global trends. 2120: 272: 794: 450: 229:

organizations or government universities and the aim is to avoid the Ghanaian government's excessive payment of bonds, which is a requirement for all foreign institutions endeavoring to operate businesses in the country. Almost all the private universities in Ghana focus on similar areas of academic study, including business administration, human resources, accounting, information technology, and related fields, which are offered by universities like

2059: 356: 1722: 1661: 1248: 880:, private universities are typically not as prestigious as some public (national) universities. They are not ranked as high as public institutions and cost nearly twice as much. This is due to the form of testing in schools in Taiwan, in which students take a national entrance exam to determine their university qualifications. The most well known private university is 488: 78:, public student loans, and government grants. Depending on the country, private universities may be subject to government regulations. Private universities may be contrasted with public universities and national universities which are either operated, owned and or institutionally funded by governments. Additionally, many private universities operate as 755:. It also facilitates the development of the higher educational system in Pakistan. Its main purpose is to upgrade the schools to be world-class centers of education, research, and development. It also plays a leading role in building a knowledge-based economy in Pakistan by giving out hundreds of doctoral scholarships for education abroad every year. 835:(SLIIT) are examples. Some foreign universities franchise parts of their degree courses in Sri Lanka with local institutes. Students are charged for the study (some of these institutes are state-funded institutions of their home countries) and these charges are often a fraction of the cost of studying in the home countries of these institutions. 639: 3079:

mechanism upon universities, Government can no more control university tuition fees than it can dictate the price of socks in Marks & Spencer. Universities are not part of the State and they are not part of the public sector; Government has no reserve powers of intervention even in a failing institution.

1793:. In addition, most private universities have faced a restrictive lack of collaboration with the major enterprises which, have developed fruitful relationships with many public higher education institutions. Most Portuguese private universities specialise in a limited number of fields, most often in the 1784:

Nearly open-admission policies have hurt private universities' reputation and the actual quality of their alumni. Without large endowments like those received in universities of other countries – like the U.S. for many of its private universities and colleges that are attractive to the best scholars,

479:(PRC). Typically, the partners may include a Chinese university and a non-Chinese institution. English is often the only language of instruction at such universities and many focus on providing a comprehensive liberal arts education modeled after research universities in the United States and Europe. 3078:

Note, however, that any university which does not want funding from HEFCE can, as a private corporation, charge whatever tuition fees it likes (exactly as does, say, the University of Buckingham or BPP University College). Under existing legislation and outside of the influence of the HEFCE-funding

2088:

Despite the large number of private schools in the U.S. only about 20% of American college students attend private colleges; the remainder primarily attend state-supported schools. Universities base their selections on academic performance as well as many secondary factors. In the US, 4,648 out of

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Many private colleges have sprung up since, including the Auston Institute of Management, Singapore. The Sri Lanka campus was established in 2010 and is a Board of Investment or (BOI) company. It retains a similar focus to the home campus and occupies a prime spot along Colombo's famous Galle Road.

1757:

of 1974, in the 1980s and 1990s, a boom of educational private institutions was experienced in Portugal, and many private universities started to open. Most had a poor reputation and were known for making it easy for students to enter and also to get high grades. In 2007, several of those private

1069:

While the legal definition of "private university" prohibits funding by the federal government of Austria, funding by other public bodies is not prohibited. Consequently, some of Austria's private universities are partly or wholly funded by provincial governments, while others are fully privately

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is responsible for the accreditation of these institutes and degrees. These mostly provide undergraduate degrees with a few providing postgraduate degrees. The Informatics Institute of Sri Lanka (IIT), NSBM Green University (NSBM), Horizon Campus and Sri Lanka Institute for Information Technology

763:

arising out of Pakistan in 2005 was 1,259 articles, representing a 41% increase over the past two years and a 60% increase since the establishment of HEC in 2002. The HEC digital library now provides access to over 20,000 leading research journals, covering about 75% of the world's peer-reviewed

228:

before the beginning of the 21st century. However, since then, Ghana has seen a flood of private universities and colleges established – a reflection of the country's stable governance and the pace of economic growth. Most of these universities are not known to be sponsored by foreign corporate

1537:) operate freely in the country and based on a law from the 1930s, they are registered as private for-profit businesses and regulated by the Greek Ministry of Commerce. Their academic degrees, which are not recognised in Greece, are directly provided to students by foreign universities in the 961:

In Vietnam, there are also "semi-private university"; schools in this category which can receive partial financial support from the government. Almost all private universities have to invite professors and lecturers from state universities. Many lecturers from state-owned universities take up

758:

Despite the criticism of the HEC, its creation had a positive impact on higher education in Pakistan. Its two-year report for 2004 to 2006 states that according to the Institute of Scientific Information, the total number of publications appearing in the 8,000 leading journals indexed in the

2089:

6,606 post-secondary institutions (70%) were private as of 2016–17, of which 1,823 (39%) were non-profit and 2,825 (61%) were for-profit. Among degree-granting four-year institutions, 2,095 were private out of 2,832 (74%), of which 1,581 (75%) were non-profit and 514 (25%) were for-profit.

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names, although their formal names in other languages are not regulated. Thus, there is the possibility of private institutions employing the term "university" as opposed to "private university" in their advertisements in all languages except German while still complying with Austrian law.

262:

has several recognized private education institutions and universities that have been approved by the Ministry of Higher Education. They are ranked and qualified to specialize in academic programs in Business Administration, Computer Science, Law, Medicine, and Humanitarianism.

2832: 1867:, private universities have to belong to and be run by foundations (non-profit private legal entities) due to the high Education Law, article 3-c and annexed article 2. These universities have public legal personality according to said law and are defined as a 1685:

for business and management. Both programs are taught in English. Recently, Nyenrode merged with the Institute for CPA Education and both institutions share their facilities. The Nyenrode Business University also contains a campus and an active student body.

1549:

or validation agreements (the franchise agreement usually being considered better). This has limited access to the laboratories, which usually teach in English, to high-income Greeks who for various reasons (usually family matters) did not want to go abroad.

85:

Across the world, different countries have different regulations regarding accreditation for private universities and as such, private universities are more common in some countries than in others. Some countries do not have any private universities at all.

300:

holds the responsibility to approve private universities and accredit their courses. This ensures a minimum standard in curriculum and teaching. There are currently 60 approved private universities in Nigeria and many applications are being processed.

2149:, it runs three semesters per year (correlating exactly with the Northern and Southern Hemispheres' schedules), which allow students to complete a six-semester degree in two years, and an eight-semester degree (e.g., Law) in under three years. The 687:

The first university opened in Lebanon was the Syrian Protestant College in 1866 (which became the American University of Beirut in 1921). It was founded by Daniel Bliss, a Protestant missionary. The second university opened in Lebanon was the

906:

including Ho Chi Minh City Open University being one of the first. Some characteristics of Vietnamese private universities as of 2010 are high (very high in some cases) tuition fees, poor infrastructure, limited faculty, and human resources.

3168: 1939:

However, unlike in Continental European countries, the British government does not own universities' assets, and university staff are not civil servants: the status as a public body arises from accepting funding from bodies such as the

2184:

Even though Argentina has a robust network of free public universities it also has over thirty private universities accredited by the national Ministry of Education. All accredited private higher education institutions must be run by

863: 1935:

All other British universities are partly publicly funded and regulated. The government regulates tuition fees, student funding, and student loans, whilst also commissioning and regulating research assessments and teaching reviews.

1073:

Accreditation of private universities began in 2001. As of 2020, Austria has 16 private universities. Most are small (fewer than 1000 students) and specialize in only one or two fields of study. Four former private universities are

2826: 1749:

status) that was the first to be founded in 1967 and was officially recognized in 1971. UCP offers some well-recognized degrees and is reputed for the economics, law and business management degrees it awards at its Lisbon branch.

1781:. In general, private higher education institutions were often considered to be the last resort for underachieving applicants who did not score enough points in the admission examinations to enter the main public institutions. 1034:

Accreditation by the council yields a couple of privileges: degrees issued by accredited private universities have the same legal status as those issued by state-run universities. Private universities can appoint or promote

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In 2008, a law was introduced that forced all private institutions collaborating with foreign universities to offer programmes in the country, to register with the Greek Ministry of Education and Religious Affairs as

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to offer degree programs and receive approval for new degrees. The Ministry has procedures and standards that all universities must meet to receive accreditation and recognition as an institution of higher education.

1415:

These institutions provide courses in all academic fields (engineering, law, medical, economics, arts, business administration, sociology). One may join a university after a high school degree and study there for a

2043:

has private and public (government-managed) universities. Public universities are either free or require a very minimum fee, whereas private universities usually charge for an initial enrollment and monthly fees.

1115:(the State until 1990) and follow the same rules and laws as fully public universities, and fully private institutions, which are not recognized nor funded by the authorities, and thus do not issue valid degrees. 580:. Private universities thus account for over 75% of all universities in Japan. A large number of junior colleges in Japan are private and like public and national universities, many private universities use 1039:. Their students enjoy the same privileges including social security, foreign law, and state scholarships as students at state universities. Educational services of private universities are not subject to 3105: 2968: 3423: 540:, recognition by the UGC is required for the university to operate. Also, per the 2003 regulations, the UGC sends committees to inspect the private universities and publishes their inspection report. 245:, among others. In addition, the recent discovery of oil and gas in commercial quantities has influenced the development of oil and gas management courses within the private universities' curricula. 1777:, a reorganization of higher education was started which included more stringent regulations for private education and expanded state policies with regard to private education quality assurance and 3157: 319:, there are many distinctions between public universities and what are officially termed private higher education institutions. Recognized private higher education institutions include Akademia ( 124: 1988:

Canada has several private universities that have been granted the power to award degrees by a provincial authority. However, the majority of degree-granting institutions in the country are

1019:. All state-run universities are governed by the 2002 Austrian Universities' and University Degree Programmes' Organisation Act (Federal Law Gazette No. 120/2002). In 1999, a federal law ( 210:

As of 2022, there are 83 private universities, 42 public universities, and more than 35 institutions of higher learning. There are 16,305 students enrolled in higher education as a whole.

2929: 3340: 1031:(Accreditation Council) evaluates applicants and issues recommendations to the responsible Austrian accreditation authority (the Austrian Federal Ministry of Science & Research). 1289:, semi-private or private, but the most prestigious ones are public. These institutions operate mostly in engineering studies and business administration. The best-known semi-private 2776: 2610: 2584: 1875:) in the relevant regulation. Therefore, this type of university is commonly referred to in Turkish as a foundation university instead of a private university. Currently, there are 1293:

are generally business, engineering, and humanities schools; they are generally managed by chambers of commerce and industry, with capital open to other private companies. Other

3196: 2082: 234: 1112: 2492: 2203:

Chile has 31 completely private universities and an additional 14 universities which are run by private organizations (mostly religious) but receive some state funding.

1786: 775:, established in 1985. By 1997, there were 10 private universities. From 2001–2002, this number had doubled to 20. Among the first to gain degree awarding status was 1789:, with a few exceptions, do not have either the financial support or the academic profile to reach the highest teaching and research standards of the top Portuguese 1607: 3097: 2352: 1948: 581: 3227: 2960: 1992:

as a result of the Canadian university system and its historic reliance on government funds for support. The oldest private universities in Canada operated as

1046:

Accreditations must be renewed regularly and can be withdrawn, e.g., in the case of repeated academic misconduct as happened in 2003 when the accreditation of

3415: 2564: 1643: 1342: 3135: 3028: 1135: 1420:(bachelor), master's degree, or doctoral program. By law private institutions may grant states degrees after settling a contract with public universities. 1091: 551: 3490: 128: 1689:

Other Dutch private universities are universities of applied sciences where one can obtain a bachelor's or master's degree but not a PhD. These include

2384: 1331: 705: 416: 394: 3051: 1770:

scandal) or official criticism with recommendations that the state-managed investigation proposed for improving their quality and avoid termination.

1484:

in 2003. Though private universities are numerous in Germany, they represent only less than 1% of all students. Some private universities, including

154:

and are hosting branches of Universities from abroad. The Knowledge Hub (TKH) and European Universities in Egypt (EUE) are among these institutions.

1642:

is a representative body for private colleges in Ireland. Private colleges in Ireland can seek to have their programmes validated/accredited by the

831: 772: 2421: 838:

Efforts to establish private universities have been blocked due to protests from state universities' undergraduates and leftist political parties.

543:

The UGC publishes and regularly updates the lists of private universities. As of 23 August 2022, the UGC lists 421 private universities.

3500: 3260: 1572:) by August 2009. Further amendments to the framework in 2010, 2012, and 2013 (4111/2013, 4093/2012) were introduced. Today there are a series of 726: 2882: 1360:, this full 5-year course (two years of preparatory classes plus 3 years in engineering or business school) is equivalent to a master's degree. 3083: 2921: 2019: 1977: 1960: 1888: 573: 3445: 3332: 3398: 3131: 2053: 1956: 1639: 1278: 529: 3290: 2768: 2606: 2580: 2488: 2451: 2417: 2380: 513: 420: 1229: 1917: 1836: 1737: 1655: 1123: 733: 603: 140: 751:

The Higher Education Commission (HEC), formerly the University Grant Commission (UGC), is the primary regulator of higher education in

423:

pathways. Accreditation by the Brunei Darussalam National Accreditation Council (BDNAC) is crucial to establish a private institution.

2523: 2150: 2097: 1473: 398: 185: 3370: 3319: 2023: 2009: 491: 2100:, 45% of students receive some form of financial support from either the university or the federal government, averaging $ 53,423. 1693:, Business School Notenboom (founded in 1958) and IVA Driebergen for the automotive industry with its earliest beginnings in 1930. 1251: 30:

This article is about private universities and colleges that are academic degree-awarding. For primary or preparatory schools, see

1139: 1131: 994: 830:, state-recognized private institutes are allowed to award degrees under Section 25A of the Universities Act No. 16 of 1978. The 788: 432: 310: 293: 242: 2477: 1832: 1725: 1410: 1406: 1191: 1079: 1047: 633: 415:

Private institutions must confer the students with external programs such as BDTVEC, the largest awarding body in the country,

120: 1876: 1573: 990: 857: 410: 376: 328: 275: 1707:

There are 321 accredited private colleges in Poland. They award bachelor's degrees, master's degrees and doctorate degrees.

2998: 1893: 1385:, under the regime of the Free Higher Education Act of 1875. These institutions have been called catholic universities, or 2179: 2114: 1913: 821: 654: 642: 470: 453: 147: 132: 100: 2455: 1495:

Most of the church universities are run by the Protestant or Catholic churches; however, there is one Jewish university (

3495: 2158: 1716: 1674: 1664: 1485: 1402: 1394: 1305: 1166: 746: 658: 179: 162: 112: 2546: 1947:

In the UK, an institution can only use the title of "University" or "University College" if it has been granted by the

108:

currently has 21 public universities with about two million students and 23 private universities with 60,000 students.

3237: 2228: 1842: 1619: 1593: 1429: 1398: 1212: 1203: 1103: 1006: 897: 287: 2062: 2035: 1983: 1858: 1810: 1702: 1611: 1512: 1477: 1224: 1143: 1086:, whose first accreditation period ended in January 2006 and was not renewed; TCM Privatuniversität Li Shi Zhen in 1083: 1051: 881: 866: 851: 776: 615: 597: 340: 151: 136: 116: 37: 2561: 1111:

makes a distinction between free institutions (as in free from the State), which are recognized and funded by the

3127: 3020: 2198: 1778: 1469: 1375: 1153:

It is forbidden by law to call a fully private institution "university" or "faculty", meaning fully private (non-

567: 555: 503: 464: 344: 219: 3283:

Number of educational institutions, by level and control of institution: Selected years, 1980–81 through 2016–17

2805: 1909: 1897: 1763: 1542: 1175: 919: 49: 2686: 1606:) is a university that is not funded by the state, and therefore not covered by the free-fees initiative. All 2000:

and not-for-profit private universities were opened in Canada during the late 20th and early 21st centuries.

1297:

are entirely private, but this is rarer, and they sometimes establish partnerships with public universities.

2189:. Other for-profit institutions exist but cannot give out official degrees or call themselves universities. 1759: 1627: 779:(HU), established in 1990. From 2003–2004, Pakistan had a total of 83 private degree granting institutions. 689: 2373: 3062: 2186: 2146: 1635: 1522: 1183: 537: 359: 238: 200: 167: 79: 2409: 2119: 2078: 1758:

universities, or their heirs, were investigated and faced compulsory closing (for example, the infamous

1690: 1187: 797: 3268: 271: 2856: 793: 2878: 1997: 1754: 1615: 1311: 1024: 976: 911: 533: 2661: 449: 3460: 2746: 2636: 2093: 1989: 1952: 1941: 1790: 1599: 1481: 1367: 1319: 768: 722: 718: 204: 193: 2716: 989:. As of 2022, there are 31 private higher education institutions in the country, most notably the 915: 3282: 3232: 2127: 1816: 1767: 951: 885: 254: 41: 31: 2908: 2345: 1211:

does not officially recognize private universities but does not explicitly forbid them either.

3394: 3366: 3315: 2904: 2058: 1925: 1304:

compete in these two fields. Some of them report to the Ministry of Higher Education, such as

1286: 1259: 1150:

individuals. All of these institutions began to be recognized by the State from 1891 onwards.

677: 577: 230: 3386: 2374:"UGC (Establishment and Maintenance of Standards in Private Universities) Regulations, 2003" 1929: 927: 714: 669: 67: 2517: 355: 2925: 2568: 2550: 2142: 2123: 1794: 1774: 1682: 1357: 1062: 1040: 1016: 947: 931: 870: 673: 665: 526:

UGC (Establishment and Maintenance of Standards in Private Universities) Regulations, 2003

2769:"Armenian Higher Education in the European Higher Education Area | Inside Higher Ed" 1348: 528:. Per the UGC act and these regulations, private universities are established by acts of 2903:„Szkoły wyższe i ich finanse w 2012 r.”, s. 32, 2013-11-13. Główny Urząd Statystyczny. 1921: 1631: 1538: 1452: 943: 760: 196: 1660: 3484: 1277:

are part of an alternative educational system that operates alongside the mainstream

1237: 955: 923: 585: 53: 2066: 1581: 809: 316: 199:, with the first university, the University College of Addis Ababa (now called the 1465:). Private universities in Germany need institutional accreditation by the state. 1247: 17: 2145:

was established as Australia's first private university in 1987. Situated on the

1626:

initiative. There are a few private colleges that are highly specialized such as

397:(UGC) before they are given a permit to operate. As of April 2018, there were 97 3158:"Regulatory advice 13: How to apply for university college and university title" 2990: 2096:, though many private universities offer financial aid as well. For example, at 1846: 1721: 1678: 1546: 1147: 939: 559: 475:

Since 2003, joint-partnership private universities have been established in the

332: 171: 2022:. The rest of the degree-offering institutions in the country are private, see 1908:

There are six fully private universities in the United Kingdom: the non-profit

2131: 2070: 1993: 1901: 1798: 1500: 1462: 1015:, educational institutions must be authorized by the country to legally grant 935: 495: 382: 71: 45: 2443: 1622:

and some religious institutions are publicly funded and therefore covered by

1352:. A selective examination after the two additional years is taken to enter a 1057:

Austrian law provides that private universities in Austria must use the term

767:

Until 1991, there were only two recognized private universities in Pakistan:

2543: 2154: 2138: 2015: 1746: 1668: 1371: 1233: 1215:

is an example of one such educational institution operating in this market.

1127: 1036: 827: 457: 279: 75: 2220: 1266:

Since 1880, by law it is forbidden for a private institution to be called "

2922:"Janković i Teodorović: Trebalo bi ukinuti privatne univerzitete u Srbiji" 2073:

university and one of the oldest private universities in the United States

1681:

at the graduate level. The university was founded in 1946. It serves as a

487: 2162: 1820: 1742: 1489: 1171: 752: 438: 320: 189: 2157:, was established two years later in 1989, and the newest of the three, 1082:, whose accreditation was withdrawn in 2003 due to academic misconduct; 1556: 1434: 1208: 1108: 1012: 986: 982: 903: 862: 681: 336: 297: 1090:, whose accreditation period ended 2009 without renewal students; and 2562:

Education in Lebanon, CSRD report, Lebanese American University, 2004

2040: 1864: 1729: 1577: 1567: 1532: 1518: 1087: 981:

There are numerous private universities and independent faculties in

877: 801: 693: 646: 621: 324: 2797: 3061:. Oxford Centre for Higher Education Policy Studies. Archived from 2682: 2249: 1445:). Similar to the state-run universities, they are subdivided into 664:

The languages used for teaching in private universities are mainly

536:

upon receiving the relevant act. As confirmed by the ruling of the

2118: 2077:

Private colleges and universities are generally owned by either a

2057: 1892: 1720: 1659: 1255: 1246: 1241: 1228: 1179: 1054:

expired, the Accreditation Council rejected any renewal requests.

861: 792: 637: 550: 521: 509: 486: 476: 448: 363: 354: 270: 259: 225: 161: 105: 36: 1174:

has many private universities, among which the most renowned are

150:, international university institutions were founded in the 1382: 710: 638: 192:. Modern higher education could be traced back to the regime of 653:

There are 19 private universities in Lebanon. Among these, the

70:

institutions not operated, owned, or institutionally funded by

3446:"Universidades públicas y privadas: Un enfoque tridimensional" 2961:"The University Debate: What the Ivy League can teach Britain" 2322:"Top Universities in South Africa | 2024 University Rankings" 1366:

for studying business administration are usually part of the

902:

Since the 1990s, several private universities have opened in

3289:(Report). National Center for Educational Statistics. 2018. 3098:"Taxpayer funding of universities 'to drop to 100 year low'" 2738: 1996:

or as religiously affiliated institutions, although several

2852: 2739:"- Engineering and Project Management College in Sri Lanka" 2478:"State -wise List of Private Universities as on 23.08.2022" 2321: 2297: 2273: 2092:

Tuition at private universities tends to be higher than at

1488:(2007–2009) and the International University in Germany in 732:

All private universities in Oman must be recognized by the

125:

Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport

962:

positions in private universities after their retirement.

3197:"Why there are only a few private universities in Canada" 3050:

Dennis, Farrington; David Palfreyman (21 February 2011).

2657: 2544:

Lebanese Ministry of Higher Education website (in Arabic)

1525:(Article 16). However, laboratories of liberal studies ( 27:

Higher education institution not operated by a government

2632: 2298:"Top Universities in Nigeria | 2024 University Rankings" 2081:

or a for-profit corporation, and usually participate in

1393:. There are five of these, the Catholic Universities of 3261:"Getting In: the social logic of Ivy League admissions" 3082:– HEFCE's powers were transferred to the OfS under the 2708: 1815:

There are several private universities and independent

2709:"Home – Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology" 2274:"Top Universities in Libya | 2024 University Rankings" 1879:. Bilkent University, founded in 1984, was the first. 1336:, a lobbying group representing grandes écoles. Most 910:

Private universities are often named after scholars (

188:

doctrine embraces traditional higher institutions in

602:

There is one private university in Madaba city, the

389:

was instituted, consolidated, and re-enacted as the

3393:. New York, NY: The Princeton Review. p. 105. 2083:

higher education accreditation in the United States

1094:, which closed for economic reasons in March 2012. 942:University); although there are exceptions such as 713:is home to several private universities, including 572:As of 2010, Japan had 597 private universities, 86 2137:There are currently three private universities in 1050:was withdrawn. In 2006, when the accreditation of 620:There are 11 private universities and colleges in 381:Numerous private universities were established in 111:Egypt has many private universities including the 3333:"Washington University in St Louis Financial Aid" 2991:"For-profit college gains full university status" 2607:"Universities Act, No. 16 of 1978, Sections21-27" 1602:, a private university (more commonly known as a 1316:, and a few to the Ministry of Defense, such as 3414:Trounson, Andrew; Puddy, Rebecca (2011-10-18). 3363:Serials Management in Australia and New Zealand 1472:, was established 16 September 1950 in Munich. 1381:Some elder private institutions are created in 914:University Vietnam, Vo Truong Toan University, 393:. All private universities must be approved by 3416:"First private uni in 24 years led by Clinton" 582:National Center Test for University Admissions 437:Private universities have been established in 3365:. Binghamton, NY: Haworth Press. p. 19. 2713:Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology 1468:The first private university in Germany, the 1374:is part of the Chamber of Commerce of Paris ( 676:is widely used in religious universities and 8: 3191: 3189: 1823:. They were founded in the 1990s and 2000s. 1735:The oldest non-state-run university was the 1644:Higher Education and Training Awards Council 1450: 1329: 1317: 1309: 1270:", and most of the universities are public. 52:and the first university established in the 1741:– UCP (Catholic University of Portugal), a 1561: 1526: 1340:can be joined after following two years of 1122:) institutions are predominantly Catholic: 1092:PEF Private University of Management Vienna 3021:"For-profit RDI granted university status" 1157:) 'universities' have limited visibility. 148:national and private universities in Egypt 129:Misr University for Science and Technology 2353:Union Human Resource Development Ministry 2153:, a private Catholic university based in 1787:higher education institutions of Portugal 1521:, private universities are prohibited by 1441:) and 45 church-run universities (called 706:List of universities and colleges in Oman 224:There were a few private universities in 2950:Yüksek Öğretim Kanunu/High Education Law 2346:"University Grants Commission Act, 1956" 2250:"Top Private Universities in Ghana 2024" 1785:researchers, and students – the private 1258:has a dual system with universities and 773:Lahore University of Management Sciences 2879:"Meer dan tachtig jaar; IVA Driebergen" 2212: 808:There are nine private universities in 727:German University of Technology in Oman 3444:Rigoberto Parada, José (Spring 2010). 3084:Higher Education and Research Act 2017 2020:Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala 1978:List of private universities in Canada 1961:Higher Education and Research Act 2017 1889:Higher education in the United Kingdom 1677:is the only private university in the 1545:, or other countries, usually through 1457:(universities of applied science) and 1343:classe préparatoire aux grandes écoles 518:University Grants Commission Act, 1956 516:(UGC), which draws its power from the 3207:from the original on 14 November 2020 3138:from the original on 21 December 2022 2971:from the original on 19 February 2011 2932:from the original on 17 December 2021 2828:Code de l'éducation – Article L731-14 2424:from the original on 1 September 2017 2410:"Supreme Court Judgment Chhattisgarh" 2390:from the original on 11 November 2011 2054:Higher education in the United States 1957:Further and Higher Education Act 1992 1640:Higher Education Colleges Association 1346:, an intensive program following the 203:or AAU) formed in 1950. In 1954, the 7: 3259:Malcolm Gladwell (10 October 2005). 2498:from the original on 14 October 2021 1437:has 83 private universities (called 1043:, and donations are tax-deductible. 421:Cambridge International Examinations 3108:from the original on 6 January 2012 2458:from the original on 14 August 2019 1918:Richmond American University London 1837:List of universities in Switzerland 1656:Higher education in the Netherlands 604:American University of Madaba (AUM) 141:Modern Sciences and Arts University 3052:"OFFA and £6000–9000 tuition fees" 3001:from the original on 27 March 2019 2885:from the original on 25 April 2012 2719:from the original on 29 March 2016 2613:from the original on 3 August 2021 2587:from the original on 3 August 2021 2151:University of Notre Dame Australia 2098:Washington University in St. Louis 1849:has several private universities. 1474:EBS University of Business and Law 1021:Universitäts-Akkreditierungsgesetz 734:Omani Ministry of Higher Education 661:are internationally acknowledged. 399:private universities in Bangladesh 186:Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church 25: 3491:Private universities and colleges 3174:from the original on 31 July 2019 2749:from the original on 5 April 2016 2689:from the original on 2 April 2016 2024:list of universities in Guatemala 2010:List of universities in Guatemala 1378:) and is therefore semi-private. 492:Christian Medical College Vellore 3312:Introduction to American English 3287:Digest of Educational Statistics 3096:Paton, Graeme (5 January 2012). 3031:from the original on 7 July 2018 2018:, the only public university is 1738:Universidade Católica Portuguesa 1132:Saint-Louis University, Brussels 1061:("private university") in their 995:Eurasia International University 934:University), or heroes/legends ( 789:Higher education in Saudi Arabia 433:List of universities in Cambodia 311:Higher education in South Africa 294:National Universities Commission 146:In addition to the state-funded 3426:from the original on 2016-09-13 3343:from the original on 2020-03-02 3293:from the original on 2020-03-03 3226:Luzer, Daniel (13 April 2012). 3059:OxCHEPS Occasional Paper No. 39 2859:from the original on 2 May 2012 2835:from the original on 2018-04-18 2808:from the original on 2005-03-05 2779:from the original on 2022-10-30 2664:from the original on 2019-10-22 2639:from the original on 2016-02-04 2526:from the original on 2013-07-07 2231:from the original on 2022-10-02 1833:Higher education in Switzerland 1726:Catholic University of Portugal 1497:Hochschule für Jüdische Studien 1279:French public university system 1192:American University in Bulgaria 1080:International University Vienna 1048:International University Vienna 634:List of universities in Lebanon 121:The British University in Egypt 3501:Types of university or college 3228:"Can We Make College Cheaper?" 2853:"Particuliere Business school" 1252:Université catholique de Lille 1178:, located in the capital city 991:American University of Armenia 858:List of universities in Taiwan 411:List of universities in Brunei 391:Private Universities Act, 2010 387:Private Universities Act, 1992 377:Higher education in Bangladesh 74:. However, they often receive 1: 3314:Blackwell Publishing. p. 65. 2180:Higher education in Argentina 2115:Higher education in Australia 1773:In the mid-2000s, within the 1534:ergastiria eleftheron spoudon 1492:, have gone out of business. 1332:Conférence des Grandes Écoles 1027:of private universities. The 822:Higher education in Sri Lanka 655:American University of Beirut 643:American University of Beirut 532:and listed by the UGC in the 471:List of universities in China 454:Hong Kong Shue Yan University 133:Misr International University 101:List of universities in Egypt 2967:. London. 16 February 2011. 2489:University Grants Commission 2452:University Grants Commission 2418:University Grants Commission 2381:University Grants Commission 2159:Torrens University Australia 1717:Higher education in Portugal 1675:Nyenrode Business University 1665:Nyenrode Business University 1568: 1533: 1528:Εργαστήρια ελευθέρων σπουδών 1486:Hanseatic University Rostock 1167:Higher education in Bulgaria 832:University Grants Commission 747:Higher education in Pakistan 659:Lebanese American University 530:state legislative assemblies 514:University Grants Commission 395:University Grants Commission 180:Higher education in Ethiopia 113:American University in Cairo 1843:Universities in Switzerland 1620:National College of Ireland 1594:Higher education in Ireland 1459:Kunst- und Musikhochschulen 1430:Higher education in Germany 1213:Helsinki School of Business 1204:Higher education in Finland 1136:Free University of Brussels 1104:Higher education in Belgium 1007:Higher education in Austria 898:Higher education in Vietnam 771:, established in 1983, and 288:Higher education in Nigeria 3519: 2581:"Other Recognized Degrees" 2221:"Universities in Ethiopia" 2196: 2177: 2112: 2063:University of Pennsylvania 2051: 2036:Higher education in Mexico 2033: 2007: 1984:Higher education in Canada 1981: 1975: 1914:Regent's University London 1900:, a private university in 1886: 1859:Higher education in Turkey 1856: 1841:In addition to the public 1830: 1811:Higher education in Serbia 1808: 1728:, a private university in 1714: 1703:Higher education in Poland 1700: 1653: 1591: 1574:private colleges in Greece 1513:Higher education in Greece 1510: 1478:Witten/Herdecke University 1427: 1389:, since 1880 formally the 1225:Higher education in France 1222: 1201: 1164: 1101: 1023:) was passed to allow the 1004: 974: 895: 882:Fu Jen Catholic University 867:Fu Jen Catholic University 855: 852:Higher education in Taiwan 849: 819: 786: 777:Hajvery University, Lahore 744: 703: 631: 616:Higher education in Kuwait 613: 598:Higher education in Jordan 595: 565: 520:. Private universities in 501: 477:People's Republic of China 468: 462: 430: 408: 374: 341:Midrand Graduate Institute 308: 285: 252: 217: 177: 152:New Administrative Capital 137:Future University in Egypt 117:German University in Cairo 98: 29: 3459:: 183–205. Archived from 2199:Higher education in Chile 1967:North and Central America 1955:, under the terms of the 1779:educational accreditation 1562: 1527: 1470:Ukrainian Free University 1449:(research universities), 1318: 1310: 1306:Arts et Métiers ParisTech 568:Higher education in Japan 556:Kwansei Gakuin University 504:Higher education in India 465:Higher education in China 345:Regenesys Business School 220:Higher education in Ghana 3391:Guide to Studying Abroad 2518: 1910:University of Buckingham 1898:University of Buckingham 1766:closings along with the 1764:Internacional University 1612:institutes of technology 1543:United States of America 1176:New Bulgarian University 524:are regulated under the 50:Cambridge, Massachusetts 3310:Tottie, Gunnel. (2001) 2187:nonprofit organizations 1951:or (in England) by the 1877:66 private universities 1760:Independente University 1628:Griffith College Dublin 1134:. On the contrary, the 690:Université Saint-Joseph 80:nonprofit organizations 3361:Burrows, Toby (1993). 3025:Times Higher Education 2773:www.insidehighered.com 2444:"Private Universities" 2225:www.alluniversity.info 2134: 2074: 1905: 1732: 1671: 1636:Dublin Business School 1451: 1330: 1263: 1244: 1184:Burgas Free University 1113:Communities of Belgium 873: 805: 650: 563: 538:Supreme Court of India 512:are recognized by the 499: 460: 367: 360:North South University 283: 201:Addis Ababa University 175: 168:Addis Ababa University 56: 2522:(in Japanese). 2010. 2122: 2079:nonprofit corporation 2061: 1976:Further information: 1920:, and the for-profit 1896: 1869:Foundation University 1819:in Serbia, mostly in 1724: 1691:Wittenborg University 1663: 1616:colleges of education 1443:kirchliche Hochschule 1250: 1232: 1188:Varna Free University 1138:(nowadays split into 865: 850:Further information: 798:Al Yamamah University 796: 764:scientific journals. 641: 574:national universities 554: 490: 463:Further information: 452: 358: 274: 165: 40: 3132:Privy Council Office 2798:"Official website – 1755:Carnation Revolution 1745:private university ( 1368:chambers of commerce 1312:École centrale Paris 977:Education in Armenia 884:, and the oldest is 351:Asia and Middle East 60:Private universities 3496:Education economics 3271:on 13 October 2005. 3203:. 2 November 2018. 3165:Office for Students 2094:public universities 1990:public universities 1953:Office for Students 1942:Office for Students 1791:public universities 1600:Republic of Ireland 1482:Zeppelin University 1480:opened in 1982 and 1391:Catholic Institutes 1328:are members of the 1320:École polytechnique 769:Aga Khan University 723:Middle East College 719:University of Nizwa 578:public universities 205:Haramaya University 3233:Washington Monthly 3201:The Globe and Mail 3128:"Higher Education" 2881:. Iva-driebergen. 2800:Akkreditierungsrat 2567:2007-04-26 at the 2549:2007-07-14 at the 2491:. 23 August 2022. 2135: 2075: 1959:as amended by the 1906: 1873:Vakıf Üniversitesi 1768:Moderna University 1733: 1672: 1324:. Several private 1264: 1245: 1029:Akkreditierungsrat 952:Tan Tao University 946:, named after the 886:Tunghai University 874: 806: 651: 564: 500: 461: 368: 284: 255:Education in Libya 176: 57: 42:Harvard University 32:Independent school 18:Private University 3453:Estudios Públicos 3400:978-0-375-76371-7 3167:. 11 April 2019. 3027:. 5 August 2015. 2997:. 8 August 2013. 1926:University of Law 1300:Universities and 1146:) was founded by 1084:Imadec University 1059:Privatuniversität 1052:Imadec University 692:, founded by the 243:and Ghana Telecom 16:(Redirected from 3508: 3475: 3474: 3472: 3471: 3465: 3450: 3441: 3435: 3434: 3432: 3431: 3411: 3405: 3404: 3387:Princeton Review 3383: 3377: 3376: 3358: 3352: 3351: 3349: 3348: 3329: 3323: 3308: 3302: 3301: 3299: 3298: 3279: 3273: 3272: 3267:. Archived from 3256: 3250: 3249: 3247: 3245: 3240:on 16 April 2012 3236:. Archived from 3223: 3217: 3216: 3214: 3212: 3193: 3184: 3183: 3181: 3179: 3173: 3162: 3154: 3148: 3147: 3145: 3143: 3124: 3118: 3117: 3115: 3113: 3093: 3087: 3081: 3075: 3073: 3067: 3056: 3047: 3041: 3040: 3038: 3036: 3017: 3011: 3010: 3008: 3006: 2987: 2981: 2980: 2978: 2976: 2957: 2951: 2948: 2942: 2941: 2939: 2937: 2928:. 11 June 2020. 2918: 2912: 2901: 2895: 2894: 2892: 2890: 2875: 2869: 2868: 2866: 2864: 2849: 2843: 2842: 2841: 2840: 2823: 2817: 2816: 2814: 2813: 2794: 2788: 2787: 2785: 2784: 2765: 2759: 2758: 2756: 2754: 2735: 2729: 2728: 2726: 2724: 2705: 2699: 2698: 2696: 2694: 2683:"Horizon Campus" 2679: 2673: 2672: 2670: 2669: 2658:"www.nsbm.ac.lk" 2654: 2648: 2647: 2645: 2644: 2629: 2623: 2622: 2620: 2618: 2603: 2597: 2596: 2594: 2592: 2577: 2571: 2559: 2553: 2541: 2535: 2534: 2532: 2531: 2514: 2508: 2507: 2505: 2503: 2497: 2482: 2474: 2468: 2467: 2465: 2463: 2440: 2434: 2433: 2431: 2429: 2406: 2400: 2399: 2397: 2395: 2389: 2378: 2370: 2364: 2363: 2361: 2359: 2350: 2342: 2336: 2335: 2333: 2332: 2318: 2312: 2311: 2309: 2308: 2294: 2288: 2287: 2285: 2284: 2270: 2264: 2263: 2261: 2260: 2246: 2240: 2239: 2237: 2236: 2217: 1930:Arden University 1904:, United Kingdom 1571: 1565: 1564: 1536: 1530: 1529: 1523:the constitution 1476:opened in 1971. 1456: 1439:Privathochschule 1356:. Following the 1335: 1323: 1322: 1315: 1314: 1017:academic degrees 715:Sohar University 508:Universities in 166:The entrance to 68:higher education 64:private colleges 21: 3518: 3517: 3511: 3510: 3509: 3507: 3506: 3505: 3481: 3480: 3479: 3478: 3469: 3467: 3463: 3448: 3443: 3442: 3438: 3429: 3427: 3413: 3412: 3408: 3401: 3385: 3384: 3380: 3373: 3360: 3359: 3355: 3346: 3344: 3337:College Factual 3331: 3330: 3326: 3309: 3305: 3296: 3294: 3281: 3280: 3276: 3258: 3257: 3253: 3243: 3241: 3225: 3224: 3220: 3210: 3208: 3195: 3194: 3187: 3177: 3175: 3171: 3160: 3156: 3155: 3151: 3141: 3139: 3126: 3125: 3121: 3111: 3109: 3095: 3094: 3090: 3071: 3069: 3068:on 21 July 2011 3065: 3054: 3049: 3048: 3044: 3034: 3032: 3019: 3018: 3014: 3004: 3002: 2989: 2988: 2984: 2974: 2972: 2965:The Independent 2959: 2958: 2954: 2949: 2945: 2935: 2933: 2926:N1 (TV channel) 2920: 2919: 2915: 2902: 2898: 2888: 2886: 2877: 2876: 2872: 2862: 2860: 2851: 2850: 2846: 2838: 2836: 2825: 2824: 2820: 2811: 2809: 2796: 2795: 2791: 2782: 2780: 2767: 2766: 2762: 2752: 2750: 2737: 2736: 2732: 2722: 2720: 2707: 2706: 2702: 2692: 2690: 2681: 2680: 2676: 2667: 2665: 2656: 2655: 2651: 2642: 2640: 2633:"www.iit.ac.lk" 2631: 2630: 2626: 2616: 2614: 2605: 2604: 2600: 2590: 2588: 2579: 2578: 2574: 2569:Wayback Machine 2560: 2556: 2551:Wayback Machine 2542: 2538: 2529: 2527: 2520: 2516: 2515: 2511: 2501: 2499: 2495: 2480: 2476: 2475: 2471: 2461: 2459: 2442: 2441: 2437: 2427: 2425: 2408: 2407: 2403: 2393: 2391: 2387: 2376: 2372: 2371: 2367: 2357: 2355: 2348: 2344: 2343: 2339: 2330: 2328: 2320: 2319: 2315: 2306: 2304: 2296: 2295: 2291: 2282: 2280: 2272: 2271: 2267: 2258: 2256: 2248: 2247: 2243: 2234: 2232: 2219: 2218: 2214: 2209: 2201: 2195: 2182: 2176: 2171: 2143:Bond University 2124:Bond University 2117: 2111: 2106: 2056: 2050: 2038: 2032: 2012: 2006: 1986: 1980: 1974: 1969: 1891: 1885: 1861: 1855: 1839: 1829: 1813: 1807: 1795:social sciences 1775:Bologna process 1719: 1713: 1705: 1699: 1683:graduate school 1658: 1652: 1604:private college 1596: 1590: 1515: 1509: 1453:Fachhochschulen 1432: 1426: 1370:. For example, 1358:Bologna Process 1227: 1221: 1206: 1200: 1169: 1163: 1106: 1100: 1041:value added tax 1009: 1003: 979: 973: 968: 948:FPT Corporation 932:Phan Chau Trinh 900: 894: 871:New Taipei City 860: 854: 848: 824: 818: 791: 785: 749: 743: 708: 702: 680:is used in the 636: 630: 618: 612: 600: 594: 570: 549: 506: 485: 473: 467: 447: 435: 429: 413: 407: 379: 373: 353: 329:Varsity College 313: 307: 290: 276:Varsity College 269: 257: 251: 222: 216: 182: 160: 103: 97: 92: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 3516: 3515: 3512: 3504: 3503: 3498: 3493: 3483: 3482: 3477: 3476: 3436: 3420:The Australian 3406: 3399: 3378: 3371: 3353: 3339:. 2013-02-20. 3324: 3303: 3274: 3265:The New Yorker 3251: 3218: 3185: 3149: 3119: 3088: 3042: 3012: 2982: 2952: 2943: 2913: 2896: 2870: 2844: 2818: 2789: 2760: 2730: 2700: 2674: 2649: 2624: 2598: 2572: 2554: 2536: 2509: 2469: 2435: 2401: 2365: 2337: 2313: 2289: 2265: 2241: 2211: 2210: 2208: 2205: 2194: 2191: 2175: 2172: 2170: 2167: 2110: 2107: 2105: 2102: 2049: 2046: 2031: 2028: 2005: 2002: 1973: 1970: 1968: 1965: 1922:BPP University 1884: 1883:United Kingdom 1881: 1854: 1851: 1828: 1825: 1806: 1803: 1712: 1709: 1698: 1695: 1651: 1648: 1632:Dorset College 1589: 1586: 1539:United Kingdom 1508: 1505: 1425: 1422: 1364:Grandes écoles 1338:grandes écoles 1326:grandes écoles 1302:grandes écoles 1295:Grandes écoles 1291:Grandes écoles 1283:Grandes écoles 1275:Grandes écoles 1260:grandes écoles 1220: 1217: 1199: 1196: 1162: 1159: 1099: 1096: 1076:not accredited 1002: 999: 972: 969: 967: 964: 944:FPT University 920:Luong The Vinh 893: 890: 847: 844: 817: 814: 804:, Saudi Arabia 784: 781: 761:Web of Science 742: 739: 701: 698: 629: 626: 611: 608: 593: 590: 548: 545: 484: 481: 446: 443: 428: 425: 406: 403: 372: 369: 352: 349: 309:Main article: 306: 303: 282:, South Africa 268: 265: 250: 247: 215: 212: 197:Haile Selassie 178:Main article: 159: 156: 96: 93: 91: 88: 48:university in 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3514: 3513: 3502: 3499: 3497: 3494: 3492: 3489: 3488: 3486: 3466:on 2015-09-23 3462: 3458: 3454: 3447: 3440: 3437: 3425: 3421: 3417: 3410: 3407: 3402: 3396: 3392: 3388: 3382: 3379: 3374: 3372:1-56024-453-4 3368: 3364: 3357: 3354: 3342: 3338: 3334: 3328: 3325: 3321: 3320:0-631-19792-3 3317: 3313: 3307: 3304: 3292: 3288: 3284: 3278: 3275: 3270: 3266: 3262: 3255: 3252: 3239: 3235: 3234: 3229: 3222: 3219: 3206: 3202: 3198: 3192: 3190: 3186: 3170: 3166: 3159: 3153: 3150: 3137: 3133: 3129: 3123: 3120: 3107: 3103: 3102:The Telegraph 3099: 3092: 3089: 3085: 3080: 3064: 3060: 3053: 3046: 3043: 3030: 3026: 3022: 3016: 3013: 3000: 2996: 2992: 2986: 2983: 2970: 2966: 2962: 2956: 2953: 2947: 2944: 2931: 2927: 2923: 2917: 2914: 2910: 2906: 2900: 2897: 2884: 2880: 2874: 2871: 2858: 2855:. Notenboom. 2854: 2848: 2845: 2834: 2830: 2829: 2822: 2819: 2807: 2803: 2801: 2793: 2790: 2778: 2774: 2770: 2764: 2761: 2748: 2744: 2740: 2734: 2731: 2718: 2714: 2710: 2704: 2701: 2688: 2684: 2678: 2675: 2663: 2659: 2653: 2650: 2638: 2634: 2628: 2625: 2612: 2608: 2602: 2599: 2586: 2582: 2576: 2573: 2570: 2566: 2563: 2558: 2555: 2552: 2548: 2545: 2540: 2537: 2525: 2521: 2513: 2510: 2494: 2490: 2486: 2485:www.ugc.ac.in 2479: 2473: 2470: 2457: 2453: 2449: 2448:www.ugc.ac.in 2445: 2439: 2436: 2423: 2419: 2415: 2414:www.ugc.ac.in 2411: 2405: 2402: 2386: 2382: 2375: 2369: 2366: 2354: 2347: 2341: 2338: 2327: 2323: 2317: 2314: 2303: 2299: 2293: 2290: 2279: 2275: 2269: 2266: 2255: 2251: 2245: 2242: 2230: 2226: 2222: 2216: 2213: 2206: 2204: 2200: 2192: 2190: 2188: 2181: 2173: 2169:South America 2168: 2166: 2164: 2160: 2156: 2152: 2148: 2144: 2140: 2133: 2129: 2125: 2121: 2116: 2108: 2103: 2101: 2099: 2095: 2090: 2086: 2084: 2080: 2072: 2068: 2064: 2060: 2055: 2048:United States 2047: 2045: 2042: 2037: 2029: 2027: 2025: 2021: 2017: 2011: 2003: 2001: 1999: 1995: 1991: 1985: 1979: 1971: 1966: 1964: 1962: 1958: 1954: 1950: 1949:Privy Council 1945: 1943: 1937: 1933: 1931: 1927: 1923: 1919: 1915: 1911: 1903: 1899: 1895: 1890: 1882: 1880: 1878: 1874: 1871:(in Turkish: 1870: 1866: 1860: 1852: 1850: 1848: 1844: 1838: 1834: 1826: 1824: 1822: 1818: 1812: 1804: 1802: 1800: 1796: 1792: 1788: 1782: 1780: 1776: 1771: 1769: 1765: 1761: 1756: 1751: 1748: 1744: 1740: 1739: 1731: 1727: 1723: 1718: 1710: 1708: 1704: 1696: 1694: 1692: 1687: 1684: 1680: 1676: 1670: 1666: 1662: 1657: 1649: 1647: 1645: 1641: 1637: 1633: 1629: 1625: 1621: 1617: 1613: 1609: 1605: 1601: 1595: 1587: 1585: 1583: 1579: 1575: 1570: 1559: 1558: 1551: 1548: 1544: 1540: 1535: 1524: 1520: 1514: 1506: 1504: 1502: 1498: 1493: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1471: 1466: 1464: 1460: 1455: 1454: 1448: 1447:Universitäten 1444: 1440: 1436: 1431: 1423: 1421: 1419: 1413: 1412: 1408: 1404: 1400: 1396: 1392: 1388: 1384: 1379: 1377: 1373: 1369: 1365: 1361: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1350: 1345: 1344: 1339: 1334: 1333: 1327: 1321: 1313: 1307: 1303: 1298: 1296: 1292: 1288: 1284: 1280: 1276: 1271: 1269: 1261: 1257: 1253: 1249: 1243: 1239: 1238:Jouy-en-Josas 1235: 1231: 1226: 1218: 1216: 1214: 1210: 1205: 1197: 1195: 1193: 1189: 1185: 1181: 1177: 1173: 1168: 1160: 1158: 1156: 1151: 1149: 1145: 1141: 1137: 1133: 1129: 1125: 1121: 1116: 1114: 1110: 1105: 1097: 1095: 1093: 1089: 1085: 1081: 1078:anymore: the 1077: 1071: 1067: 1064: 1060: 1055: 1053: 1049: 1044: 1042: 1038: 1032: 1030: 1026: 1025:accreditation 1022: 1018: 1014: 1008: 1000: 998: 996: 992: 988: 984: 978: 970: 965: 963: 959: 957: 956:Tan Tao Group 953: 949: 945: 941: 937: 933: 929: 925: 921: 917: 913: 908: 905: 899: 891: 889: 887: 883: 879: 872: 868: 864: 859: 853: 845: 843: 839: 836: 833: 829: 823: 815: 813: 811: 803: 799: 795: 790: 782: 780: 778: 774: 770: 765: 762: 756: 754: 748: 740: 738: 735: 730: 728: 724: 720: 716: 712: 707: 699: 697: 695: 691: 685: 683: 679: 675: 671: 667: 662: 660: 656: 648: 644: 640: 635: 627: 625: 623: 617: 609: 607: 605: 599: 591: 589: 587: 586:entrance exam 583: 579: 575: 569: 561: 557: 553: 546: 544: 541: 539: 535: 531: 527: 523: 519: 515: 511: 505: 497: 493: 489: 482: 480: 478: 472: 466: 459: 455: 451: 444: 442: 440: 434: 426: 424: 422: 418: 412: 404: 402: 400: 396: 392: 388: 384: 378: 370: 365: 361: 357: 350: 348: 346: 342: 338: 334: 330: 326: 322: 318: 312: 304: 302: 299: 295: 289: 281: 277: 273: 266: 264: 261: 256: 248: 246: 244: 240: 236: 232: 227: 221: 213: 211: 208: 206: 202: 198: 195: 191: 187: 181: 173: 169: 164: 157: 155: 153: 149: 144: 142: 138: 134: 130: 126: 122: 118: 114: 109: 107: 102: 94: 89: 87: 83: 81: 77: 73: 69: 65: 61: 55: 54:United States 51: 47: 43: 39: 33: 19: 3468:. 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