76:(ICAO), but implementation varies from country to country. According to ICAO, an applicant must be at least 17 years old, demonstrate appropriate knowledge and skill, and hold at least a Class 3 medical certificate. Different PPLs are available for different categories of aircraft, such as aeroplane, helicopter, airship, etc., and are not interchangeable, although experience from a PPL in one category may be credited towards the issue of another.
171:
33:
147:
344:
According to ICAO, applicants for a PPL(As) must have at least 25 hours flight time as pilot of airships, including "3 hours of cross-country flight training in an airship with a cross-country flight totalling not less than 45 km (25 NM); 5 take-offs and 5 landings to a full stop at an aerodrome with
243:
appropriate to the aircraft they wish to fly. Typically a PPL(A) holder would first be issued a "single-engine piston land" class rating, which permits him/her to fly aircraft with a single piston engine. To fly seaplanes or multi-engine aircraft requires further training, and more complex aircraft
311:
Other aircraft operations for which the FAA does not require an endorsement that typically require additional training are glider towing and aerobatics. The FAA also does not require an endorsement for some commercial activities like banner towing. Aerial application (crop seeding, spraying and
723:
379:
In the United States, some limitations may be placed on the certificate, such as "limited to hot air balloons with airborne heater" or "limited to gas balloons", unless the pilot has had appropriate flight training in the other type of balloon and received a logbook endorsement.
271:
A number of endorsements are available for specific skills. Endorsements only require instruction and a flight instructor's signature in the pilot's logbook; they do not require any flight test or submission of documents to the national civil aviation authority.
719:
198:
The aeroplane PPL is the most popular category of PPL. In the United States in 2022, of 164,000 people with PPLs, 158,000 were for aeroplanes only. In the United
Kingdom in 2021, there were 22,500 holders of the PPL(A), and 2,200 holders of the PPL(H).
312:
dusting), whether conducted by a commercial certificate holder operating for hire or by a private pilot treating a crop in which he is the owner of a substantial share, requires an
Authorization under Part 137 of the Federal Aviation Regulations.
320:
According to ICAO, the requirements for a PPL(H) are similar to the PPL(A). The qualifying cross-country flight must be at least 180 km (100 NM), and the applicant must have received at least 20 hours instruction in helicopters.
518:
345:
each landing involving a flight in the traffic pattern at an aerodrome; 3 hours of instrument time; and 5 hours as pilot assuming the duties of the pilot-in-command under the supervision of the pilot-in-command."
88:
of each country. Standards vary, and PPLs are not automatically recognised by other countries, but in some countries the holder of a foreign PPL may obtain permission to fly on a temporary basis.
510:
202:
According to ICAO, the applicant for a PPL(A) must have at least 40 hours experience as a pilot of aeroplanes (35 hours on an integrated course), of that no more than 5 hours in a
282:(pilots who have logged pilot-in-command time on tailwheel aircraft prior to 15 April 1991 are exempt from this requirement) – Tailwheel endorsement not applicable in Canada
912:
822:
763:
928:
809:
586:
570:
614:
540:
73:
414:
745:
301:
endorsement for aircraft that have a service ceiling or maximum operating altitude, whichever is lower, above 25,000 feet MSL (mean sea level).
289:
214:
flight time with at least one cross-country flight of at least 270 km (150 NM) including two full-stop landings at different aerodromes.
636:
483:
434:
95:
252:
224:
Applicants for the PPL(A) must be at least 17 years old. There is no minimum age to begin flight lessons, however, students must be 16 to
353:
In the United
Kingdom, the balloon equivalent of the private pilot licence is known as the Balloon Pilot Licence (BPL). Classes are:
419:
57:
221:
states, the minimum experience for a PPL(A) is 45 hours. In practice, most students take about 50–70 hours to complete the course.
470:
210:
in other aircraft categories. The applicant must have at least 10 hours of solo flight time, including at least 5 hours of solo
805:
602:
506:
91:
In the United States the FAA (Federal
Aviation Administration) has the authority to issue a PPL or another pilot license.
672:
424:
906:
606:
429:
279:
229:
404:
85:
392:), the licence is known as a Sailplane Pilot Licence (SPL), and has lower requirements than an aeroplane PPL.
548:
409:
298:
211:
135:
304:
874:
395:
In the United States and Europe, the minimum age for a sailplane private pilot certificate is 16.
720:"Standard 421 - Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings - Canadian Aviation Regulations (CARs)"
691:"14 CFR § 61.31 - Type rating requirements, additional training, and authorization requirements"
36:
A 2006 plastic private pilot certificate from the United States. Earlier issues were printed on
479:
260:
248:
225:
131:
715:
439:
285:
203:
179:
155:
61:
17:
848:
357:
127:
784:
589:
922:
573:
376:
In the United States, the minimum age for a balloon private pilot certificate is 16.
256:
236:
151:
119:
69:
901:
690:
363:
240:
207:
170:
676:
472:
Annex 1 to the
Convention on International Civil Aviation: Personnel Licensing
389:
329:
325:
175:
115:
37:
333:
123:
107:
32:
146:
106:
The aircraft categories described by ICAO for the purposes of the PPL are
65:
746:"PPL, SPL, BPL - private pilot licences | Civil Aviation Authority"
654:
111:
94:
In Europe, civil aviation authorities issue licences based on common
913:
Computer
Testing Supplement for Recreational Pilot and Private Pilot
169:
145:
31:
637:"Personnel licensing statistics | Civil Aviation Authority"
218:
544:
324:
In the United States, the legal aircraft category is known as
122:. Many countries issue PPLs in additional categories such as
72:). The basic licence requirements are determined by the
295:
High-performance (more than 200 horsepower per engine)
275:
Endorsements available in the United States include:
235:
In addition to the licence, PPL(A) holders must gain
154:
is an example of an aircraft that would require the
907:
Private Pilot
Practical Test Standards for Airplane
478:(Twelfth ed.). ICAO. July 2018. pp. 2–6.
764:"BPL requirements | Civil Aviation Authority"
182:to have private pilot licence or greater, with an
178:is an example of an aircraft that would require a
158:to have private pilot licence or greater, with an
8:
511:"Converting an overseas flight crew licence"
902:FAA Registry: Airmen Certification Inquiry
779:
777:
655:"Federal Register :: Request Access"
465:
463:
461:
459:
457:
455:
84:Private pilot licences are issued by the
74:International Civil Aviation Organization
810:FAR 61.115 – Balloon rating: Limitations
415:Pilot certification in the United States
451:
259:to fly at night, and various levels of
785:"Guide for Aviation Medical Examiners"
292:, flaps, and retractable landing gear)
435:Pilot licensing in the United Kingdom
7:
929:Aviation licenses and certifications
849:"Sailplane Pilot Licence Conversion"
253:Instrument Meteorological Conditions
726:from the original on 24 August 2021
160:airplane single-engine land (ASEL)
25:
787:. Federal Aviation Administration
695:LII / Legal Information Institute
617:from the original on 25 June 2023
521:from the original on 25 June 2023
420:Pilot licensing and certification
184:airplane multi-engine land (AMEL)
60:that allows the holder to act as
541:"Pilot Practical Test Standards"
360:class (divided into four groups)
244:require a type-specific rating.
806:Federal Aviation Administration
603:Federal Aviation Administration
507:Civil Aviation Safety Authority
607:"U.S. Civil Airmen Statistics"
1:
855:. British Gliding Association
425:Pilot licensing in Australia
192:high-performance endorsement
18:Private pilot's license
659:unblock.federalregister.gov
328:, which is subdivided into
945:
829:. Civil Aviation Authority
247:Other ratings include the
228:. In the United States, a
206:. Credit may be given for
812:, retrieved 19 April 2020
430:Pilot licensing in Canada
232:is required to fly solo.
230:student pilot certificate
54:private pilot certificate
405:Commercial pilot license
290:variable-pitch propeller
86:civil aviation authority
267:Additional endorsements
675:. AOPA. Archived from
195:
167:
41:
853:Pilot & Club Info
372:Hot-air airship class
173:
149:
46:private pilot licence
35:
27:Type of pilot license
410:EASA pilot licensing
299:Pressurized aircraft
194:in the United States
166:in the United States
136:weight-shift control
718:(4 November 2019).
605:(19 January 2023).
369:Mixed balloon class
305:Night vision goggle
188:complex endorsement
164:complex endorsement
162:class rating and a
80:Issuing authorities
68:privately (not for
40:and designs varied.
909:(FAA, August 2002)
823:"SPL requirements"
196:
168:
42:
673:"Let's go flying"
551:on 2 January 2013
485:978-92-9258-543-3
288:(aircraft with a
249:instrument rating
132:powered parachute
16:(Redirected from
936:
889:
888:
886:
884:
879:
871:
865:
864:
862:
860:
845:
839:
838:
836:
834:
819:
813:
803:
797:
796:
794:
792:
781:
772:
771:
760:
754:
753:
742:
736:
735:
733:
731:
716:Transport Canada
712:
706:
705:
703:
701:
687:
681:
680:
679:on 20 July 2009.
669:
663:
662:
651:
645:
644:
633:
627:
626:
624:
622:
599:
593:
592:
583:
577:
576:
567:
561:
560:
558:
556:
547:. Archived from
537:
531:
530:
528:
526:
503:
497:
496:
494:
492:
477:
467:
440:Private aviation
286:Complex airplane
204:flight simulator
186:class rating, a
180:pilot-in-command
156:pilot-in-command
62:pilot in command
21:
944:
943:
939:
938:
937:
935:
934:
933:
919:
918:
898:
893:
892:
882:
880:
877:
875:"EASA Part-FCL"
873:
872:
868:
858:
856:
847:
846:
842:
832:
830:
821:
820:
816:
804:
800:
790:
788:
783:
782:
775:
762:
761:
757:
744:
743:
739:
729:
727:
714:
713:
709:
699:
697:
689:
688:
684:
671:
670:
666:
653:
652:
648:
635:
634:
630:
620:
618:
601:
600:
596:
585:
584:
580:
569:
568:
564:
554:
552:
539:
538:
534:
524:
522:
505:
504:
500:
490:
488:
486:
475:
469:
468:
453:
448:
401:
386:
358:Hot-air balloon
351:
342:
318:
269:
144:
104:
82:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
942:
940:
932:
931:
921:
920:
917:
916:
910:
904:
897:
896:External links
894:
891:
890:
866:
840:
814:
798:
773:
755:
737:
707:
682:
664:
646:
628:
594:
578:
562:
532:
498:
484:
450:
449:
447:
444:
443:
442:
437:
432:
427:
422:
417:
412:
407:
400:
397:
385:
382:
374:
373:
370:
367:
361:
350:
347:
341:
338:
317:
314:
309:
308:
302:
296:
293:
283:
268:
265:
143:
140:
103:
100:
81:
78:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
941:
930:
927:
926:
924:
914:
911:
908:
905:
903:
900:
899:
895:
876:
870:
867:
854:
850:
844:
841:
828:
827:www.caa.co.uk
824:
818:
815:
811:
807:
802:
799:
786:
780:
778:
774:
769:
768:www.caa.co.uk
765:
759:
756:
751:
750:www.caa.co.uk
747:
741:
738:
725:
721:
717:
711:
708:
696:
692:
686:
683:
678:
674:
668:
665:
660:
656:
650:
647:
642:
641:www.caa.co.uk
638:
632:
629:
616:
612:
608:
604:
598:
595:
591:
588:
582:
579:
575:
572:
566:
563:
550:
546:
542:
536:
533:
520:
516:
512:
508:
502:
499:
487:
481:
474:
473:
466:
464:
462:
460:
458:
456:
452:
445:
441:
438:
436:
433:
431:
428:
426:
423:
421:
418:
416:
413:
411:
408:
406:
403:
402:
398:
396:
393:
391:
388:For gliders (
383:
381:
377:
371:
368:
365:
362:
359:
356:
355:
354:
348:
346:
339:
337:
335:
331:
327:
322:
315:
313:
306:
303:
300:
297:
294:
291:
287:
284:
281:
278:
277:
276:
273:
266:
264:
262:
258:
254:
250:
245:
242:
238:
237:class ratings
233:
231:
227:
222:
220:
215:
213:
212:cross-country
209:
205:
200:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
172:
165:
161:
157:
153:
148:
141:
139:
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
101:
99:
97:
92:
89:
87:
79:
77:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
58:pilot licence
56:is a type of
55:
51:
47:
39:
34:
30:
19:
881:. Retrieved
869:
857:. Retrieved
852:
843:
831:. Retrieved
826:
817:
801:
789:. Retrieved
767:
758:
749:
740:
728:. Retrieved
710:
698:. Retrieved
694:
685:
677:the original
667:
658:
649:
640:
631:
619:. Retrieved
610:
597:
581:
565:
553:. Retrieved
549:the original
535:
523:. Retrieved
514:
501:
489:. Retrieved
471:
394:
387:
378:
375:
352:
343:
323:
319:
310:
274:
270:
257:night rating
246:
241:type ratings
234:
223:
216:
201:
197:
191:
187:
183:
163:
159:
152:Cessna 172RG
120:powered lift
105:
93:
90:
83:
70:remuneration
53:
49:
45:
43:
29:
915:(FAA, 2004)
587:14 CFR
571:14 CFR
515:casa.gov.au
364:Gas balloon
330:helicopters
316:Helicopters
208:flight time
98:standards.
730:16 October
446:References
390:sailplanes
384:Sailplanes
334:gyroplanes
326:rotorcraft
307:operations
261:instructor
251:to fly in
176:Cessna 310
142:Aeroplanes
126:(glider),
116:helicopter
102:Categories
38:card stock
555:8 January
280:Tailwheel
124:sailplane
108:aeroplane
923:Category
724:Archived
615:Archived
519:Archived
399:See also
349:Balloons
340:Airships
263:rating.
226:fly solo
66:aircraft
621:25 June
611:faa.gov
525:25 June
128:balloon
112:airship
883:21 May
859:14 May
833:14 May
791:14 May
700:14 May
590:61.107
491:14 May
482:
255:, the
190:and a
134:, and
64:of an
878:(PDF)
476:(PDF)
366:class
52:) or
885:2023
861:2023
835:2023
793:2023
732:2021
702:2023
623:2023
574:61.1
557:2013
527:2023
493:2023
480:ISBN
332:and
219:EASA
174:The
150:The
118:and
96:EASA
545:FAA
239:or
217:In
50:PPL
925::
851:.
825:.
808:,
776:^
766:.
748:.
722:.
693:.
657:.
639:.
613:.
609:.
543:.
517:.
513:.
509:.
454:^
336:.
138:.
130:,
114:,
110:,
44:A
887:.
863:.
837:.
795:.
770:.
752:.
734:.
704:.
661:.
643:.
625:.
559:.
529:.
495:.
48:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
