502:, and has lost the ability to regulate the apoptosis of cells with mutated DNA. This signalling defect then fails to promote the cellular differentiation, and promotes the upstream survival of the cancerous cells. In breast cancer, the survival of the breast epithelial cells resemble the malignant cells, characteristically known to have an increased proliferative rate.
456:
is one of the prolactin receptor antagonists been studied. Δ1–9-G129R-hPRL as a mutant (inactivated) form of prolactin which exerts its antagonist effect by competing with prolactin to bind with prolactin receptors; thereby, inhibiting the agonist effects of prolactin on prolactin receptors. Besides
386:
Expression of the PRLR protein is found within cells of the mammary glands in accordance with its role in lactation, but also is the subject of attention for its diverse and emerging roles by its expression in adipose tissue, pancreatic islet cell proliferation, and immune responses. The PRLR has
489:
PRLR dysfunction has been seen to positively regulate the proliferation of malignant cells in breast cancer. Defects on prolactin receptor signalling can trigger tumour activity, rather than suppress. Signal control is monitored by a variety of genes, and the
452:. However, since dopamine agonists only negatively regulate prolactin production from the pituitary gland, a few studies have tried to develop prolactin receptor antagonists for potentially treating the dopamine-resistant local hyperprolactinemia.
350:
family has been shown to have a key transduction role in cytokine receptor signalling; this pathway is initiated following the activation of PRLRs. Although there have been 4 STAT proteins identified as transducer molecules of PRLR,
634:
Minh Hung H, Dieu Hang T, Nguyen MT (June 2019). "Structural
Investigation of Human Prolactin Receptor Transmembrane Domain Homodimerization in a Membrane Environment through Multiscale Simulations".
726:
Trott JF, Schennink A, Petrie WK, Manjarin R, VanKlompenberg MK, Hovey RC (May 2012). "Triennial
Lactation Symposium: Prolactin: The multifaceted potentiator of mammary growth and function".
1250:
Goffin V, Touraine P, Culler MD, Kelly PA (October 2006). "Drug
Insight: prolactin-receptor antagonists, a novel approach to treatment of unresolved systemic and local hyperprolactinemia?".
1383:
Hansen MJ, Olsen JG, Bernichtein S, O'Shea C, Sigurskjold BW, Goffin V, Kragelund BB (2011). "Development of prolactin receptor antagonists with reduced pH-dependence of receptor binding".
2772:
1088:
Dogusan Z, Book ML, Verdood P, Yu-Lee LY, Hooghe-Peters EL (September 2000). "Prolactin activates interferon regulatory factor-1 expression in normal lympho-hemopoietic cells". primary.
3197:
1477:
Karayazi Atıcı Ö, Govindrajan N, Lopetegui-González I, Shemanko CS (June 2021). "Prolactin: A hormone with diverse functions from mammary gland development to cancer metastasis".
937:
Baran N, Kelly PA, Binart N (April 2002). "Characterization of a prolactin-regulated gene in reproductive tissues using the prolactin receptor knockout mouse model". primary.
1169:
Nouhi Z, Chughtai N, Hartley S, Cocolakis E, Lebrun JJ, Ali S (February 2006). "Defining the role of prolactin as an invasion suppressor hormone in breast cancer cells".
1777:
1885:
2895:
516:
53:
2182:
3190:
1523:
Abramicheva PA, Smirnova OV (April 2019). "Prolactin
Receptor Isoforms as the Basis of Tissue-Specific Action of Prolactin in the Norm and Pathology".
2572:
3143:
1820:
2861:
2857:
2840:
1830:
3441:
3183:
2974:
2949:
2813:
1940:
1835:
1566:
Goffin V, Touraine P (September 2015). "The prolactin receptor as a therapeutic target in human diseases: browsing new potential indications".
679:"Diphenylbutylpiperidine Antipsychotic Drugs Inhibit Prolactin Receptor Signaling to Reduce Growth of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma in Mice"
2978:
2953:
2804:
1825:
1153:
1126:
395:
show severely impaired development of lobuloalveolar structures. Disruption of PRLR signaling pathways have been linked to tumorigenesis and
3480:
3131:
2830:
2765:
1770:
481:(mouse) studies, LFA102 likely has low effects on limiting tumor growth (breast and prostate cancer) as shown in phase I clinical trials.
2825:
2109:
1906:
77:
2704:
2409:
2401:
2175:
1868:
1863:
65:
1295:"Structural and thermodynamic bases for the design of pure prolactin receptor antagonists: X-ray structure of Del1-9-G129R-hPRL"
3052:
2350:
1873:
1763:
58:
3047:
2995:
2386:
300:
have been described in different tissues. These have varying lengths and cytoplasmic domain composition, but share identical
1041:"Knockdown of prolactin receptors in a pancreatic beta cell line: effects on DNA synthesis, apoptosis, and gene expression"
982:"Prolactin receptor signaling is essential for perinatal brown adipocyte function: a role for insulin-like growth factor-2"
3455:
3437:
2299:
2261:
2256:
761:
Freeman ME, Kanyicska B, Lerant A, Nagy G (October 2000). "Prolactin: structure, function, and regulation of secretion".
2304:
315:
are the events that result in the different isoforms that allow for all the different actions of prolactin in the body.
3016:
3012:
2168:
2717:
3032:
2648:
2204:
2037:
1933:
1928:
1794:
343:
222:
3008:
2932:
2631:
2417:
2042:
369:
residues on PRLR act as binding sites for adapter proteins – these connect PRLR to the Ras/Raf/MAP kinase cascade
3235:
3230:
3162:
3126:
2657:
2078:
2047:
1923:
1749:
495:
422:
336:
206:
190:
3081:
3059:
2983:
2970:
2957:
2945:
2913:
2900:
2890:
2866:
2853:
2809:
2800:
2727:
2700:
2691:
2286:
2086:
2057:
2052:
3407:
3118:
3042:
2795:
2761:
2752:
2722:
2713:
2696:
2294:
2214:
2101:
2008:
2003:
1428:"Use of prolactin receptor antagonist to better understand prolactin regulation of pituitary homeostasis"
355:
is recognised as the most important transducer of PRLR isoforms, with a role in inhibiting regulation of
70:
2820:
2020:
1840:
1786:
375:
439:
3273:
3268:
2940:
2848:
2790:
2747:
2674:
2064:
1993:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1890:
1858:
993:
453:
301:
135:
1609:
Bernard V, Young J, Binart N (June 2019). "Prolactin - a pleiotropic factor in health and disease".
845:
Helmer RA, Dertien JS, Chilton BS (May 2011). "Prolactin induces Jak2 phosphorylation of RUSHY195".
3388:
3304:
3293:
3260:
3157:
3152:
2990:
2015:
1998:
1977:
1918:
511:
462:
449:
1695:"Altered expression of prolactin receptor-associated signaling proteins in human breast carcinoma"
677:
Dandawate P, Kaushik G, Ghosh C, Standing D, Ali Sayed AA, Choudhury S, et al. (April 2020).
3373:
3358:
3209:
3147:
2666:
2199:
1724:
1634:
1591:
1548:
1502:
1408:
1275:
962:
870:
659:
362:
356:
324:
3283:
3245:
1293:
Jomain JB, Tallet E, Broutin I, Hoos S, van
Agthoven J, Ducruix A, et al. (November 2007).
427:
3278:
1206:"S179D-human PRL, a pseudophosphorylated human PRL analog, is an agonist and not an antagonist"
1204:
Bernichtein S, Kinet S, Jeay S, Llovera M, Madern D, Martial JA, et al. (September 2001).
2191:
1880:
1745:
1716:
1675:
1626:
1583:
1540:
1494:
1459:
1400:
1365:
1316:
1267:
1227:
1186:
1149:
1122:
1116:
1097:
1070:
1021:
954:
919:
862:
827:
778:
743:
708:
651:
616:
567:
89:
1143:
498:
primary breast cancer cells. The defect in the gene is thought to have built a resistance to
473:. Although LFA102 has been proved sufficient to reduce prolactin receptor signaling based on
3106:
2909:
2782:
2623:
2615:
2516:
2508:
2500:
2492:
2147:
2142:
2032:
1803:
1706:
1665:
1618:
1575:
1532:
1486:
1449:
1439:
1392:
1355:
1347:
1306:
1259:
1217:
1178:
1060:
1052:
1011:
1001:
946:
909:
901:
854:
817:
809:
770:
735:
698:
690:
643:
606:
598:
557:
549:
445:
242:
218:
130:
2532:
1954:
1850:
470:
366:
308:
214:
159:
17:
1336:"Unexploited therapies in breast and prostate cancer: blockade of the prolactin receptor"
307:
Diversity of PRLR is a result of transcription initiation in different sites of the PRLR
139:
997:
3396:
3225:
2433:
2137:
1360:
1335:
1065:
1040:
1016:
981:
914:
889:
822:
797:
703:
678:
611:
586:
562:
537:
388:
328:
202:
391:
maturation of the mammary glands during pregnancy, as evidenced by the fact that PRLR
3474:
3323:
2885:
2679:
1728:
1552:
1506:
798:"Prolactin-induced Jak2 phosphorylation of RUSH: a key element in Jak/RUSH signaling"
663:
466:
396:
392:
290:
262:
210:
1638:
1595:
1412:
1279:
966:
874:
3431:
3250:
3073:
2441:
1812:
796:
Helmer RA, Panchoo M, Dertien JS, Bhakta SM, Hewetson A, Chilton BS (August 2010).
774:
499:
347:
312:
286:
254:
1579:
1182:
980:
Viengchareun S, Servel N, Fève B, Freemark M, Lombès M, Binart N (February 2008).
465:
that has been studied and tested for disrupting prolactin receptor's signaling in
461:
can also potentially be used to inhibit prolactin receptor signaling. LFA102 is a
249:
receptor superfamily. In humans, it is encoded by a single gene which contains 11
1693:
McHale K, Tomaszewski JE, Puthiyaveettil R, Livolsi VA, Clevenger CV (May 2008).
1490:
1006:
694:
106:
3427:
3400:
3392:
3381:
3347:
3339:
3327:
3312:
3175:
2266:
2241:
950:
323:
The PRLR is a class 1 cytokine receptor that uses messenger pathways to control
169:
3449:
3445:
3331:
1622:
1536:
1351:
1056:
858:
813:
491:
113:
1711:
1694:
647:
3421:
3411:
3351:
3343:
3240:
2556:
2548:
2540:
1334:
Jacobson EM, Hugo ER, Tuttle TR, Papoian R, Ben-Jonathan N (November 2010).
1222:
1205:
332:
230:
226:
198:
1720:
1679:
1630:
1587:
1544:
1498:
1463:
1404:
1369:
1320:
1311:
1294:
1271:
1231:
1190:
1101:
1074:
1025:
958:
923:
866:
831:
782:
747:
712:
655:
620:
571:
1263:
739:
3417:
3362:
3335:
2596:
2588:
2580:
2564:
1755:
905:
602:
553:
458:
297:
246:
118:
1670:
1653:
3319:
3217:
2965:
2961:
2708:
1454:
1444:
1427:
94:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3063:
3003:
2999:
2739:
2372:
2160:
2027:
1396:
1145:
The Breast: Comprehensive
Management of Benign and Malignant Diseases
331:, intracellular ion concentration and inhibit programmed cell death (
278:
266:
101:
311:. Additionally, post-translational modifications, like alternative
3136:
2756:
2687:
2683:
2473:
2425:
2367:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2276:
2236:
2226:
888:
Clevenger CV, Furth PA, Hankinson SE, Schuler LA (February 2003).
352:
282:
274:
270:
258:
1654:"Prolactin receptor in breast cancer: marker for metastatic risk"
2524:
2465:
2457:
2449:
2360:
2271:
2251:
2246:
2231:
2222:
2119:
2114:
1911:
250:
82:
3179:
2164:
1759:
257:. PRLR expression can be found in several tissues such as the
1252:
Nature
Clinical Practice. Endocrinology & Metabolism
1121:. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 227–.
448:
are currently the most common methods used for treating
1426:
Ferraris J, Bernichtein S, Pisera D, Goffin V (2013).
201:(PRL). The PRLR can also bind to and be activated by
587:"Molecular mechanisms of prolactin and its receptor"
538:"Molecular mechanisms of prolactin and its receptor"
3372:
3303:
3292:
3259:
3216:
3117:
3072:
3031:
2931:
2877:
2839:
2781:
2738:
2665:
2656:
2647:
2608:
2485:
2394:
2385:
2340:
2285:
2213:
2198:
2130:
2100:
2077:
1986:
1953:
1899:
1849:
1811:
1802:
1793:
197:gene on chromosome 5p13-14. It is the receptor for
165:
155:
150:
129:
124:
112:
100:
88:
76:
64:
52:
44:
39:
34:
29:Type I cytokine receptor and coding gene in humans
3236:Placental growth hormone (growth hormone variant)
1039:Arumugam R, Fleenor D, Freemark M (August 2014).
1245:
1243:
1241:
3191:
2176:
1771:
8:
1479:Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology
1148:. Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 44–45.
890:"The role of prolactin in mammary carcinoma"
3300:
3198:
3184:
3176:
2662:
2653:
2391:
2210:
2183:
2169:
2161:
1808:
1799:
1778:
1764:
1756:
1142:Bland KI, Copeland EM (9 September 2009).
147:
1748:at the U.S. National Library of Medicine
1710:
1669:
1453:
1443:
1359:
1310:
1221:
1064:
1015:
1005:
913:
821:
702:
610:
561:
304:, which are the regions binding to PRLR.
528:
438:Prolactin receptor antagonists such as
1340:Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism
31:
1568:Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets
1518:
1516:
517:Hypothalamic–pituitary–prolactin axis
494:has been identified in the tissue of
7:
847:Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
802:Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
335:). PRLRs also have functions in the
209:(hPL). The PRLR is expressed in the
1299:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
636:The Journal of Physical Chemistry B
241:The prolactin receptor (PRLR) is a
1658:Journal of Molecular Endocrinology
25:
1385:Journal of Molecular Recognition
365:– initiated by PRLR activation.
221:. It plays an important role in
2028:Calcitonin gene-related peptide
1115:Horseman ND (6 December 2012).
387:been found to be essential for
775:10.1152/physrev.2000.80.4.1523
485:Prolactin receptor dysfunction
1:
3456:Vasoactive intestinal peptide
3438:Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
1652:Shemanko CS (November 2016).
1611:Nature Reviews. Endocrinology
1580:10.1517/14728222.2015.1053209
1183:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-2292
225:of the mammary glands during
1987:Other neuropeptide receptors
1491:10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.10.005
1007:10.1371/journal.pone.0001535
695:10.1053/j.gastro.2019.11.279
3481:Genes on human chromosome 5
951:10.1095/biolreprod66.4.1210
3497:
1795:G protein-coupled receptor
223:lobuloalveolar development
18:Prolactin receptor agonist
2110:Atrial natriuretic factor
1907:Atrial natriuretic factor
1623:10.1038/s41574-019-0194-6
1537:10.1134/S0006297919040011
1352:10.1016/j.tem.2010.08.004
1090:European Cytokine Network
1057:10.1007/s12020-013-0073-1
859:10.1016/j.mce.2011.03.009
814:10.1016/j.mce.2010.05.010
728:Journal of Animal Science
585:Brooks CL (August 2012).
536:Brooks CL (August 2012).
337:second messenger cascades
193:encoded in humans by the
146:
3231:Human placental lactogen
2079:Type I cytokine receptor
1750:Medical Subject Headings
1712:10.1038/modpathol.2008.7
1525:Biochemistry. Biokhimiia
648:10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b01986
423:Placental growth hormone
419:Human placental lactogen
207:human placental lactogen
191:type I cytokine receptor
3408:antidopaminergic agents
1223:10.1210/endo.142.9.8369
939:Biology of Reproduction
457:molecular antagonists,
3119:Enzyme-linked receptor
2102:Enzyme-linked receptor
1787:Neuropeptide receptors
1312:10.1074/jbc.M704364200
293:and pituitary glands.
243:membrane-bound protein
2941:Interleukin receptors
2849:Interleukin receptors
2791:Interleukin receptors
2748:Interleukin receptors
2675:Interleukin receptors
1264:10.1038/ncpendmet0270
763:Physiological Reviews
740:10.2527/jas.2011-4682
442:have been developed.
376:PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway
302:extracellular domains
2991:Interferon receptors
906:10.1210/er.2001-0036
689:(5): 1433–1449.e27.
603:10.1210/er.2011-1040
554:10.1210/er.2011-1040
3359:dopaminergic agents
1671:10.1530/JME-16-0150
998:2008PLoSO...3.1535V
512:Prolactin modulator
463:monoclonal antibody
3207:Prolactin receptor
2200:Chemokine receptor
2192:Cytokine receptors
1746:Prolactin+receptor
1432:Neuroendocrinology
450:hyperprolactinemia
357:gene transcription
325:cell proliferation
253:and is located on
183:prolactin receptor
35:Prolactin Receptor
3468:
3467:
3464:
3463:
3173:
3172:
3027:
3026:
2927:
2926:
2643:
2642:
2381:
2380:
2158:
2157:
2073:
2072:
2038:GPCR neuropeptide
1949:
1948:
1804:Hormone receptors
1445:10.1159/000354701
1155:978-1-4377-1121-9
1128:978-1-4615-1683-5
894:Endocrine Reviews
642:(23): 4858–4866.
591:Endocrine Reviews
542:Endocrine Reviews
446:Dopamine agonists
440:Del1-9-G129R-hPRL
372:JAK-RUSH pathway
179:
178:
175:
174:
16:(Redirected from
3488:
3301:
3274:Δ1–14-G129R-hPRL
3200:
3193:
3186:
3177:
2910:hormone receptor
2663:
2654:
2392:
2211:
2185:
2178:
2171:
2162:
1955:Opioid receptors
1809:
1800:
1780:
1773:
1766:
1757:
1733:
1732:
1714:
1699:Modern Pathology
1690:
1684:
1683:
1673:
1664:(4): R153–R165.
1649:
1643:
1642:
1606:
1600:
1599:
1563:
1557:
1556:
1520:
1511:
1510:
1474:
1468:
1467:
1457:
1447:
1423:
1417:
1416:
1397:10.1002/jmr.1064
1380:
1374:
1373:
1363:
1331:
1325:
1324:
1314:
1305:(45): 33118–31.
1290:
1284:
1283:
1247:
1236:
1235:
1225:
1201:
1195:
1194:
1166:
1160:
1159:
1139:
1133:
1132:
1112:
1106:
1105:
1085:
1079:
1078:
1068:
1036:
1030:
1029:
1019:
1009:
977:
971:
970:
934:
928:
927:
917:
885:
879:
878:
842:
836:
835:
825:
793:
787:
786:
758:
752:
751:
723:
717:
716:
706:
683:Gastroenterology
674:
668:
667:
631:
625:
624:
614:
582:
576:
575:
565:
533:
471:prostate cancers
344:JAK-STAT pathway
148:
32:
21:
3496:
3495:
3491:
3490:
3489:
3487:
3486:
3485:
3471:
3470:
3469:
3460:
3385:
3368:
3316:
3295:
3288:
3269:Δ1–9-G129R-hPRL
3255:
3212:
3204:
3174:
3169:
3113:
3068:
3023:
2923:
2873:
2835:
2777:
2734:
2639:
2604:
2533:Osteoprotegerin
2481:
2377:
2336:
2281:
2202:
2194:
2189:
2159:
2154:
2126:
2096:
2069:
1982:
1945:
1924:Cholecystokinin
1895:
1845:
1789:
1784:
1742:
1737:
1736:
1692:
1691:
1687:
1651:
1650:
1646:
1608:
1607:
1603:
1565:
1564:
1560:
1522:
1521:
1514:
1476:
1475:
1471:
1425:
1424:
1420:
1382:
1381:
1377:
1333:
1332:
1328:
1292:
1291:
1287:
1249:
1248:
1239:
1203:
1202:
1198:
1171:Cancer Research
1168:
1167:
1163:
1156:
1141:
1140:
1136:
1129:
1114:
1113:
1109:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1038:
1037:
1033:
979:
978:
974:
936:
935:
931:
887:
886:
882:
844:
843:
839:
795:
794:
790:
769:(4): 1523–631.
760:
759:
755:
725:
724:
720:
676:
675:
671:
633:
632:
628:
584:
583:
579:
535:
534:
530:
525:
508:
487:
454:Δ1–9-G129R-hPRL
436:
410:
405:
384:
367:Phosphotyrosine
321:
309:promoter region
239:
215:pituitary gland
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3494:
3492:
3484:
3483:
3473:
3472:
3466:
3465:
3462:
3461:
3459:
3458:
3453:
3435:
3425:
3415:
3404:
3397:metoclopramide
3383:
3378:
3376:
3370:
3369:
3367:
3366:
3355:
3314:
3309:
3307:
3298:
3290:
3289:
3287:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3265:
3263:
3257:
3256:
3254:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3226:Growth hormone
3222:
3220:
3214:
3213:
3205:
3203:
3202:
3195:
3188:
3180:
3171:
3170:
3168:
3167:
3166:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3141:
3140:
3139:
3134:
3123:
3121:
3115:
3114:
3112:
3111:
3110:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3078:
3076:
3070:
3069:
3067:
3066:
3057:
3056:
3055:
3050:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3033:Ig superfamily
3029:
3028:
3025:
3024:
3022:
3021:
3020:
3019:
3006:
2988:
2987:
2986:
2981:
2968:
2937:
2935:
2929:
2928:
2925:
2924:
2922:
2921:
2916:
2906:
2905:
2904:
2903:
2901:Thrombopoietin
2898:
2893:
2881:
2879:
2875:
2874:
2872:
2871:
2870:
2869:
2864:
2845:
2843:
2837:
2836:
2834:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2817:
2816:
2807:
2798:
2787:
2785:
2779:
2778:
2776:
2775:
2770:
2769:
2768:
2759:
2744:
2742:
2736:
2735:
2733:
2732:
2731:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2711:
2694:
2671:
2669:
2660:
2651:
2645:
2644:
2641:
2640:
2638:
2637:
2629:
2621:
2612:
2610:
2606:
2605:
2603:
2602:
2594:
2586:
2578:
2570:
2562:
2554:
2546:
2538:
2530:
2522:
2514:
2506:
2498:
2489:
2487:
2483:
2482:
2480:
2479:
2471:
2463:
2455:
2447:
2439:
2431:
2423:
2415:
2407:
2398:
2396:
2389:
2383:
2382:
2379:
2378:
2376:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2364:
2363:
2355:
2354:
2353:
2344:
2342:
2338:
2337:
2335:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2308:
2307:
2302:
2291:
2289:
2283:
2282:
2280:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2219:
2217:
2208:
2196:
2195:
2190:
2188:
2187:
2180:
2173:
2165:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2152:
2151:
2150:
2145:
2134:
2132:
2128:
2127:
2125:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2117:
2106:
2104:
2098:
2097:
2095:
2094:
2089:
2083:
2081:
2075:
2074:
2071:
2070:
2068:
2067:
2062:
2061:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2024:
2023:
2013:
2012:
2011:
2006:
1996:
1990:
1988:
1984:
1983:
1981:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1959:
1957:
1951:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1944:
1943:
1938:
1937:
1936:
1931:
1921:
1916:
1915:
1914:
1903:
1901:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1877:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1855:
1853:
1847:
1846:
1844:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1817:
1815:
1806:
1797:
1791:
1790:
1785:
1783:
1782:
1775:
1768:
1760:
1754:
1753:
1741:
1740:External links
1738:
1735:
1734:
1685:
1644:
1617:(6): 356–365.
1601:
1574:(9): 1229–44.
1558:
1531:(4): 329–345.
1512:
1469:
1418:
1375:
1326:
1285:
1258:(10): 571–81.
1237:
1216:(9): 3950–63.
1196:
1177:(3): 1824–32.
1161:
1154:
1134:
1127:
1107:
1080:
1031:
972:
929:
880:
853:(1–2): 79–83.
837:
808:(1–2): 143–9.
788:
753:
734:(5): 1674–86.
718:
669:
626:
577:
527:
526:
524:
521:
520:
519:
514:
507:
504:
486:
483:
467:breast cancers
435:
432:
431:
430:
425:
420:
417:
416:Growth hormone
414:
409:
406:
404:
401:
389:lobuloalveolar
383:
380:
379:
378:
373:
370:
360:
320:
317:
238:
235:
211:mammary glands
203:growth hormone
177:
176:
173:
172:
167:
163:
162:
157:
153:
152:
144:
143:
133:
127:
126:
122:
121:
116:
110:
109:
104:
98:
97:
92:
86:
85:
80:
74:
73:
68:
62:
61:
56:
50:
49:
46:
42:
41:
37:
36:
28:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3493:
3482:
3479:
3478:
3476:
3457:
3454:
3451:
3447:
3443:
3439:
3436:
3433:
3429:
3426:
3423:
3419:
3416:
3413:
3409:
3405:
3402:
3398:
3394:
3390:
3387:
3380:
3379:
3377:
3375:
3371:
3364:
3360:
3356:
3353:
3349:
3345:
3341:
3337:
3333:
3329:
3325:
3324:bromocriptine
3321:
3318:
3311:
3310:
3308:
3306:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3291:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3266:
3264:
3262:
3258:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3223:
3221:
3219:
3215:
3211:
3208:
3201:
3196:
3194:
3189:
3187:
3182:
3181:
3178:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3150:
3149:
3145:
3142:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3129:
3128:
3125:
3124:
3122:
3120:
3116:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3084:
3083:
3080:
3079:
3077:
3075:
3071:
3065:
3061:
3058:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3045:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3038:
3036:
3034:
3030:
3018:
3014:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3001:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2992:
2989:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2976:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2963:
2959:
2955:
2951:
2947:
2944:
2943:
2942:
2939:
2938:
2936:
2934:
2930:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2911:
2908:
2907:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2888:
2887:
2886:CSF receptors
2883:
2882:
2880:
2876:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2859:
2855:
2852:
2851:
2850:
2847:
2846:
2844:
2842:
2838:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2815:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2793:
2792:
2789:
2788:
2786:
2784:
2780:
2774:
2771:
2767:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2754:
2751:
2750:
2749:
2746:
2745:
2743:
2741:
2737:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2706:
2702:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2681:
2678:
2677:
2676:
2673:
2672:
2670:
2668:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2646:
2636:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2614:
2613:
2611:
2607:
2601:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2491:
2490:
2488:
2484:
2478:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2400:
2399:
2397:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2384:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2362:
2359:
2358:
2356:
2352:
2349:
2348:
2346:
2345:
2343:
2339:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2297:
2296:
2293:
2292:
2290:
2288:
2284:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2224:
2221:
2220:
2218:
2216:
2212:
2209:
2206:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2186:
2181:
2179:
2174:
2172:
2167:
2166:
2163:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2140:
2139:
2136:
2135:
2133:
2129:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2112:
2111:
2108:
2107:
2105:
2103:
2099:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2084:
2082:
2080:
2076:
2066:
2063:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2040:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2022:
2019:
2018:
2017:
2014:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2001:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1989:
1985:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1960:
1958:
1956:
1952:
1942:
1939:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1902:
1898:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1861:
1860:
1857:
1856:
1854:
1852:
1848:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1818:
1816:
1814:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1792:
1788:
1781:
1776:
1774:
1769:
1767:
1762:
1761:
1758:
1751:
1747:
1744:
1743:
1739:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1705:(5): 565–71.
1704:
1700:
1696:
1689:
1686:
1681:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1648:
1645:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1605:
1602:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1562:
1559:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1519:
1517:
1513:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1473:
1470:
1465:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1422:
1419:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1391:(4): 533–47.
1390:
1386:
1379:
1376:
1371:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1346:(11): 691–8.
1345:
1341:
1337:
1330:
1327:
1322:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1289:
1286:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1246:
1244:
1242:
1238:
1233:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1210:Endocrinology
1207:
1200:
1197:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1165:
1162:
1157:
1151:
1147:
1146:
1138:
1135:
1130:
1124:
1120:
1119:
1111:
1108:
1103:
1099:
1096:(3): 435–42.
1095:
1091:
1084:
1081:
1076:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1051:(3): 568–76.
1050:
1046:
1042:
1035:
1032:
1027:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
983:
976:
973:
968:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
945:(4): 1210–8.
944:
940:
933:
930:
925:
921:
916:
911:
907:
903:
899:
895:
891:
884:
881:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
841:
838:
833:
829:
824:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
792:
789:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
757:
754:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
729:
722:
719:
714:
710:
705:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
673:
670:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
630:
627:
622:
618:
613:
608:
604:
600:
597:(4): 504–25.
596:
592:
588:
581:
578:
573:
569:
564:
559:
555:
551:
548:(4): 504–25.
547:
543:
539:
532:
529:
522:
518:
515:
513:
510:
509:
505:
503:
501:
497:
493:
484:
482:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
455:
451:
447:
443:
441:
433:
429:
426:
424:
421:
418:
415:
412:
411:
407:
402:
400:
399:development.
398:
397:breast cancer
394:
393:knockout mice
390:
381:
377:
374:
371:
368:
364:
361:
358:
354:
349:
345:
342:
341:
340:
339:, including:
338:
334:
330:
326:
318:
316:
314:
310:
305:
303:
299:
296:Several PRLR
294:
292:
289:, as well as
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
236:
234:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
171:
168:
164:
161:
158:
154:
149:
145:
142:
141:
137:
134:
132:
128:
123:
120:
117:
115:
111:
108:
105:
103:
99:
96:
93:
91:
87:
84:
81:
79:
75:
72:
69:
67:
63:
60:
57:
55:
51:
47:
43:
38:
33:
27:
19:
3432:progesterone
3428:Progestogens
3251:Somatotropin
3206:
3074:IL 17 family
2918:
2634:
2626:
2618:
2599:
2591:
2583:
2575:
2567:
2559:
2551:
2543:
2535:
2527:
2519:
2511:
2503:
2495:
2476:
2468:
2460:
2452:
2444:
2442:Fas receptor
2436:
2428:
2420:
2412:
2404:
2387:TNF receptor
2091:
1841:Somatostatin
1813:Hypothalamic
1702:
1698:
1688:
1661:
1657:
1647:
1614:
1610:
1604:
1571:
1567:
1561:
1528:
1524:
1482:
1478:
1472:
1438:(3): 171–9.
1435:
1431:
1421:
1388:
1384:
1378:
1343:
1339:
1329:
1302:
1298:
1288:
1255:
1251:
1213:
1209:
1199:
1174:
1170:
1164:
1144:
1137:
1117:
1110:
1093:
1089:
1083:
1048:
1044:
1034:
992:(2): e1535.
989:
985:
975:
942:
938:
932:
897:
893:
883:
850:
846:
840:
805:
801:
791:
766:
762:
756:
731:
727:
721:
686:
682:
672:
639:
635:
629:
594:
590:
580:
545:
541:
531:
500:chemotherapy
488:
478:
474:
444:
437:
385:
363:Ras-Raf-MAPK
348:STAT protein
322:
306:
295:
287:immune cells
255:chromosome 5
240:
217:, and other
194:
186:
182:
180:
138:
26:
3401:risperidone
3393:domperidone
3389:antagonists
3348:quinagolide
3340:metergoline
3328:cabergoline
3261:Antagonists
2560:(TNFRSF13C)
2552:(TNFRSF13B)
2544:(TNFRSF12A)
2536:(TNFRSF11B)
2528:(TNFRSF11A)
2520:(TNFRSF10D)
2512:(TNFRSF10C)
2504:(TNFRSF10B)
2496:(TNFRSF10A)
2065:Neurotensin
1994:Angiotensin
1859:Vasopressin
1485:: 159–170.
1043:. primary.
984:. primary.
900:(1): 1–27.
434:Antagonists
160:Swiss-model
40:Identifiers
3450:taltirelin
3446:protirelin
3332:lergotrile
3305:Inhibitors
3296:modulators
3284:G129R-hPRL
3246:S179D-hPRL
3210:modulators
2635:(TNFRSF27)
2627:(TNFRSF25)
2619:(TNFRSF21)
2600:(TNFRSF19)
2592:(TNFRSF18)
2584:(TNFRSF17)
2576:(TNFRSF16)
2568:(TNFRSF14)
2453:(TNFRSF6B)
2413:(TNFRSF1B)
2405:(TNFRSF1A)
2016:Tachykinin
1999:Bradykinin
1978:Nociceptin
1919:Calcitonin
1455:11336/8384
540:. review.
523:References
496:metastatic
459:antibodies
428:S179D-hPRL
156:Structures
151:Search for
125:Other data
3442:analogues
3422:estradiol
3418:Estrogens
3412:reserpine
3406:Indirect
3374:Releasers
3357:Indirect
3352:terguride
3344:pergolide
3279:G120K-hGH
3241:Prolactin
2919:prolactin
2477:(TNFRSF9)
2469:(TNFRSF8)
2461:(TNFRSF7)
2445:(TNFRSF6)
2437:(TNFRSF5)
2429:(TNFRSF4)
2421:(TNFRSF3)
2092:Prolactin
1851:Pituitary
1729:205199390
1553:129945003
1507:225100290
1118:Prolactin
1045:Endocrine
664:157056703
492:PRLR gene
413:Prolactin
333:apoptosis
329:migration
319:Signaling
237:Structure
231:lactation
227:pregnancy
205:(GH) and
199:prolactin
107:NM_000949
54:NCBI gene
3475:Category
3386:receptor
3363:levodopa
3336:lisuride
3320:agonists
3317:receptor
3294:Indirect
3218:Agonists
3148:TGF-beta
2649:JAK-STAT
2597:TAJ/TROY
1881:Oxytocin
1721:18246042
1680:27658959
1639:84846294
1631:30899100
1596:31029607
1588:26063597
1545:31228925
1499:33109441
1464:23969780
1413:32885400
1405:20842635
1370:20846877
1321:17785459
1280:21368033
1272:17024156
1232:11517174
1191:16452244
1102:11022129
1075:24114406
1026:18253483
986:PLOS ONE
967:22649010
959:11906943
924:12588805
875:36530259
867:21457752
832:20562009
783:11015620
748:22205663
713:31786131
656:31099581
621:22577091
572:22577091
506:See also
475:in vitro
408:Agonists
382:Function
313:splicing
298:isoforms
247:cytokine
170:InterPro
3444:(e.g.,
3430:(e.g.,
3420:(e.g.,
3410:(e.g.,
3391:(e.g.,
3361:(e.g.,
3322:(e.g.,
3144:Ser/Thr
2966:IL22RA2
2962:IL22RA1
2933:Type II
2862:IL12RB2
2858:IL12RB1
2841:IL12RB1
2740:β-chain
2709:IL13RA2
2705:IL13RA1
2667:γ-chain
2033:Galanin
1361:2967606
1066:3984618
1017:2212135
994:Bibcode
915:1698952
823:2902710
704:7103550
612:3410225
563:3410225
479:in vivo
403:Ligands
291:adrenal
245:of the
229:and in
219:tissues
189:) is a
166:Domains
140:p13-p12
114:UniProt
3163:family
3158:TGFBR2
3153:TGFBR1
3107:IL17RE
3102:IL17RD
3097:IL17RC
3092:IL17RB
3087:IL17RA
3064:IL18R1
3017:IFNGR2
3013:IFNGR1
3004:IFNAR2
3000:IFNAR1
2979:IL20RB
2975:IL20RA
2954:IL10RB
2950:IL10RA
2884:other
2814:IL27RA
2805:IL11RA
2773:GM-CSF
2658:Type I
2541:TweakR
2373:CMKLR1
2351:CX3CR1
1752:(MeSH)
1727:
1719:
1678:
1637:
1629:
1594:
1586:
1551:
1543:
1505:
1497:
1462:
1411:
1403:
1368:
1358:
1319:
1278:
1270:
1230:
1189:
1152:
1125:
1100:
1073:
1063:
1024:
1014:
965:
957:
922:
912:
873:
865:
830:
820:
781:
746:
711:
701:
662:
654:
619:
609:
570:
560:
346:– the
279:kidney
267:uterus
263:breast
259:gonads
136:Chr. 5
119:P16471
102:RefSeq
83:176761
45:Symbol
3132:CSF1R
3060:IL18R
3053:IL1R2
3048:IL1R1
2984:IL28R
2971:IL20R
2958:IL22R
2946:IL10R
2896:G-CSF
2878:Other
2867:IL23R
2854:IL12R
2831:CNTFR
2796:IL6RA
2783:gp130
2766:IL5RA
2757:IL3RA
2728:IL21R
2718:IL7RA
2701:IL13R
2692:IL15R
2688:IL2RB
2684:IL2RA
2632:EDA2R
2609:21-27
2557:BAFFR
2486:11-20
2474:CD137
2426:CD134
2410:TNFR2
2402:TNFR1
2368:CCBP2
2347:CX3C
2341:Other
2332:CXCR7
2327:CXCR6
2322:CXCR5
2317:CXCR4
2312:CXCR3
2305:CXCR2
2300:CXCR1
2277:CCR10
2237:CCRL2
2227:CCRL1
2205:GPCRs
2138:Sigma
2131:Other
2021:TACR1
1968:Kappa
1963:Delta
1900:Other
1725:S2CID
1635:S2CID
1592:S2CID
1549:S2CID
1503:S2CID
1409:S2CID
1276:S2CID
963:S2CID
871:S2CID
660:S2CID
353:STAT5
283:brain
275:liver
271:heart
251:exons
131:Locus
3440:and
3082:IL17
2996:-α/β
2826:LIFR
2821:OSMR
2762:IL5R
2753:IL3R
2723:IL9R
2714:IL7R
2697:IL4R
2680:IL2R
2589:GITR
2581:BCMA
2573:NGFR
2565:HVEM
2549:TACI
2525:RANK
2517:DcR2
2509:DcR1
2466:CD30
2458:CD27
2450:DcR3
2434:CD40
2418:LTBR
2395:1-10
2361:XCR1
2295:IL-8
2272:CCR9
2267:CCR8
2262:CCR7
2257:CCR6
2252:CCR5
2247:CCR4
2242:CCR3
2232:CCR2
2223:CCR1
2120:NPR2
2115:NPR1
1912:NPR3
1886:LHCG
1831:LHRH
1717:PMID
1676:PMID
1627:PMID
1584:PMID
1541:PMID
1495:PMID
1460:PMID
1401:PMID
1366:PMID
1317:PMID
1268:PMID
1228:PMID
1187:PMID
1150:ISBN
1123:ISBN
1098:PMID
1071:PMID
1022:PMID
955:PMID
920:PMID
863:PMID
828:PMID
779:PMID
744:PMID
709:PMID
652:PMID
617:PMID
568:PMID
477:and
469:and
195:PRLR
187:PRLR
181:The
95:1RW5
78:OMIM
71:9446
66:HGNC
59:5618
48:PRLR
3137:KIT
3127:Tyr
3043:IL1
2891:EPO
2624:DR3
2616:DR6
2501:DR5
2493:DR4
2357:XC
2287:CXC
2043:B/W
1941:VIP
1891:TSH
1836:TRH
1826:FSH
1821:CRH
1707:doi
1666:doi
1619:doi
1576:doi
1533:doi
1487:doi
1483:114
1450:hdl
1440:doi
1393:doi
1356:PMC
1348:doi
1307:doi
1303:282
1260:doi
1218:doi
1214:142
1179:doi
1061:PMC
1053:doi
1012:PMC
1002:doi
947:doi
910:PMC
902:doi
855:doi
851:338
818:PMC
810:doi
806:325
771:doi
736:doi
699:PMC
691:doi
687:158
644:doi
640:123
607:PMC
599:doi
558:PMC
550:doi
90:PDB
3477::
3448:,
3399:,
3395:,
3350:,
3346:,
3342:,
3338:,
3334:,
3330:,
3326:,
3146::
3062:/
3015:/
3009:-γ
2998:/
2977:/
2973:/
2964:/
2960:/
2956:/
2952:/
2948:/
2914:GH
2912::
2810:27
2801:11
2764:/
2755:/
2716:/
2707:/
2703:/
2699:/
2690:/
2682:/
2225:/
2215:CC
2087:GH
2048:FF
2009:B2
2004:B1
1973:Mu
1869:1B
1864:1A
1723:.
1715:.
1703:21
1701:.
1697:.
1674:.
1662:57
1660:.
1656:.
1633:.
1625:.
1615:15
1613:.
1590:.
1582:.
1572:19
1570:.
1547:.
1539:.
1529:84
1527:.
1515:^
1501:.
1493:.
1481:.
1458:.
1448:.
1436:98
1434:.
1430:.
1407:.
1399:.
1389:24
1387:.
1364:.
1354:.
1344:21
1342:.
1338:.
1315:.
1301:.
1297:.
1274:.
1266:.
1254:.
1240:^
1226:.
1212:.
1208:.
1185:.
1175:66
1173:.
1094:11
1092:.
1069:.
1059:.
1049:46
1047:.
1020:.
1010:.
1000:.
988:.
961:.
953:.
943:66
941:.
918:.
908:.
898:24
896:.
892:.
869:.
861:.
849:.
826:.
816:.
804:.
800:.
777:.
767:80
765:.
742:.
732:90
730:.
707:.
697:.
685:.
681:.
658:.
650:.
638:.
615:.
605:.
595:33
593:.
589:.
566:.
556:.
546:33
544:.
327:,
285:,
281:,
277:,
273:,
269:,
265:,
261:,
233:.
213:,
3452:)
3434:)
3424:)
3414:)
3403:)
3384:2
3382:D
3365:)
3354:)
3315:2
3313:D
3199:e
3192:t
3185:v
3011:/
3002:/
2860:/
2856:/
2812:/
2803:/
2686:/
2207:)
2203:(
2184:e
2177:t
2170:v
2148:2
2143:1
2058:Y
2053:S
1934:B
1929:A
1874:2
1779:e
1772:t
1765:v
1731:.
1709::
1682:.
1668::
1641:.
1621::
1598:.
1578::
1555:.
1535::
1509:.
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1415:.
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1372:.
1350::
1323:.
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1282:.
1262::
1256:2
1234:.
1220::
1193:.
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1158:.
1131:.
1104:.
1077:.
1055::
1028:.
1004::
996::
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969:.
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926:.
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877:.
857::
834:.
812::
785:.
773::
750:.
738::
715:.
693::
666:.
646::
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552::
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185:(
20:)
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