53:
739:
71:
839:
847:
688:", was used for village headmen, who were responsible for organising the cultivation of the agricultural lands of the villages and collecting taxes. From the seventh century, some of the members of the Rattakudi families had important posts in the administration of the kingdoms. A copperplate record mentioned the grandfather of the founder of the dynasty as a
700:
The fall of the
Kakatiya Kingdom in 1323, after being subject to seizures by the Tughlaq dynasty, led to a political vacuum in the Andhras.The Islamic conquerors failed to keep the region under effective control and constant infighting among themselves coupled with the martial abilities of the local
723:
Established in about 1325 by
Prolaya Vema Reddi (also known as Komati Vema), his territory extended along the coast to Nellore in the south and Srisailam, in the west. He was succeeded by Anavota Reddi who consolidated the kingdom extensively and established its capital at Kondavidu in Guntur
1062:. A large number of merchants settled down near it. Celebrating 'Vasantotsavalu' was revived during the rule of Anavema Reddi. The Brahmins were given liberal grants by the Reddi kings. Caste system was observed. Heavy taxes by Racha Vema Reddi made him highly unpopular.
1057:
The administration was carried according to the "Dharmasutras". One-sixth of agriculture surplus was levied as tax. Under the reign of
Anavota Reddi, custom duties and taxes on trade were lifted. As a result, trade flourished. Sea trade was carried through the port
874:
and captured
Kakatiya ruler Pratapa Rudra. Warangal fell to the invaders and Ulugh Khan commanded Warangal and Telangana. During this time of foreign invasion and chaos in Telugu country, seeds of revolt were sown by two princes, Annaya Mantri and Kolani Rudradeva.
878:
It was during this chaotic period in Andhra history that
Prolaya Vema Reddi established the Reddi kingdom in 1325. The Reddi rulers patronised and protected Hinduism and its institutions. The
1596:
925:. Several of the Reddi kings themselves were distinguished scholars and authors. Kumaragiri Reddi, Kataya Vema Reddi and Pedakomati Vema Reddi were the most outstanding among them.
1591:
1606:
52:
810:
region were also part of the Reddi kingdom. The dynasty remained in power till the middle of the 15th century. In 1424, Kondavidu was annexed to the
882:
were given liberal grants by the Reddi kings and the agraharas of
Brahmins were restored. Vedic studies were encouraged. The Hindu temples of
1573:
1523:
1455:
1382:
1314:
953:(Aadi Kavi who started the translation of Mahabharata into Telugu). He wrote Hari Vamsa and Narasimha Purana. Errana's translation of the
727:
By 1395, a second Reddi kingdom was established by a branch of the same lineage, with its capital in
Rajahmundry, East Godavari District.
1465:
1542:
657:
1501:
1348:
192:
612:
598:
573:
1621:
1616:
1116:
1611:
898:. He commissioned major repairs to the Srisailam Mallikarjuna Swami temple, and had a flight of steps built from the
730:
The Reddi kings’ ancestors were part of the
Kakatiya military and held important posts such as the sainya-nayaka.
1086:
281:
1214:
1601:
1338:
181:
1106:
1081:
1076:
941:(Trinity of Poets) was the court poet of Prolaya Vema Reddi. He completed the Telugu translation of the
640:
by
Prolaya Vema Reddi. Most of the region that was ruled by the Reddi dynasty is now part of modern-day
272:
243:
1372:
754:
for over a hundred years from 1325 to 1448. At its maximum extent, the Reddi kingdom stretched from
738:
827:
811:
591:
321:
127:
1300:
653:
424:
225:
1569:
1538:
1519:
1511:
1497:
1474:
1451:
1378:
1344:
1310:
1112:
1071:
823:
649:
433:
406:
370:
203:
859:
819:
815:
709:
705:
578:
444:
388:
361:
310:
214:
116:
838:
822:
eventually lost control of coastal Andhra after the defeat of
Gajapati Prataprudra Deva by
918:
867:
846:
755:
605:
488:
415:
352:
341:
263:
96:
87:
78:
826:
of Vijayanagara. The territories of the Reddi kingdom thus came under the control of the
803:
751:
747:
645:
641:
516:
301:
254:
234:
163:
105:
70:
1552:
1585:
1447:
A Comprehensive History of Medieval India: From Twelfth to the Mid-Eighteenth Century
1296:
899:
474:
379:
136:
946:
926:
397:
292:
172:
17:
1563:
1494:
History and Culture of Andhra Pradesh: From the earliest times to the present day
1445:
1304:
1565:
Pre-colonial India in Practice: Society, Region, and Identity in Medieval Andhra
942:
795:
775:
759:
637:
478:
938:
906:
Swamy temple at Ahobilam was built during his reign. He built 108 temples for
787:
783:
1059:
921:
literature blossomed under the Reddi kings. The Reddi kings also patronized
903:
891:
890:
were provided with more facilities. Prolaya Vema Reddi bestowed a number of
883:
863:
851:
799:
794:
stand testimony to the fort building skill of the Reddi kings. The forts of
779:
771:
763:
713:
1226:
1224:
716:
region, the coastal belt saw the rise of a third warrior lineage—the Reddi
954:
930:
922:
887:
871:
498:
950:
937:
were the remarkable poets of this period. Errapragada, the last of the
879:
807:
767:
469:
1554:
History of the Reddi Kingdoms (Circa. 1325 A.D., to circa. 144B A.D.)
934:
791:
145:
1166:
1164:
460:
Reddi Kingdom and contemporary main South Asian polities in 1400 CE.
866:. The Kakatiya empire came to an end in 1323 after the army of the
907:
845:
837:
1512:"Multiple Literary Cultures in Telugu: Court, Temple and Public"
154:
58:
1279:
1277:
1275:
701:
Telugu warriors led to the loss of the entire region by 1347.
1516:
Literary cultures in history: reconstructions from South Asia
968:
778:. The Reddis were known for their fortifications. Two major
1230:
1111:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 39, 147.
971:
1215:"Reddi Kula Nirnaya Chandrika, Sheshadri Ramana Kavulu"
1197:
1195:
1193:
1191:
742:
Water colour painting - Kondavidu fort, Reddi Kingdom.
1557:, Waltair: Andhra University – via archive.org
1518:. University of California Press. pp. 383–436.
766:
to the west. The initial capital of the kingdom was
1377:. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. pp. 77, 83.
536:
526:
512:
504:
494:
484:
465:
34:
790:and another at Kondavidu about 30 km west of
1416:
1170:
1155:
858:The Reddi rulers played a prominent part in post-
1340:Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: Sasay-Zorgot
894:on the Brahmins. He was revered by the title of
1533:Rao, Velcheru Narayana; Shulman, David (2012),
1428:
1404:
1283:
1242:
1597:States and territories disestablished in 1448
708:(initially were based in Coastal Andhra) and
8:
1266:
1254:
774:and a subsidiary branch was established at
1592:States and territories established in 1325
1535:Srinatha: The Poet Who Made Gods and Kings
1473:, Guntur: P. G. Publishers, archived from
31:
1143:
961:form (a style of poetry) has been lost.
737:
1551:Somasekhara Sarma, Mallampalli (1946),
1467:History of the Andhras up to 1565 A. D.
1097:
1607:Medieval empires and kingdoms of India
1201:
1182:
1131:
1371:Chitnis, Krishnaji Nageshrao (2003).
814:and Rajahmundry was conquered by the
535:
525:
521:
7:
945:. He completed the rendition of the
842:Mallikarjuna Swamy Temple, Srisailam
704:Whilst, this led to the rise of the
1337:Datta, Amaresh; Lal, Mohan (1992).
818:some twenty five years after. The
636:(1325–1448 CE) was established in
949:of Mahabharata left incomplete by
25:
1343:. Sahitya Akademi. p. 4637.
1231:Rao & Shulman, Srinatha 2012
1108:A Historical atlas of South Asia
1105:Schwartzberg, Joseph E. (1978).
684:", linked to the Sanskrit term "
610:
596:
571:
69:
51:
1514:. In Sheldon I. Pollock (ed.).
1510:Rao, Velcheru Narayana (2003).
658:War of the Goldsmith's Daughter
1444:Farooqui, Salma Ahmed (2011),
1:
692:, a commander of the forces.
672:", whose earlier forms were "
1568:, Oxford University Press,
1537:, Oxford University Press,
1492:Raghunadha Rao, P. (1994),
1450:, Pearson Education India,
896:Apratima-Bhudana-Parasurama
786:, 20 km north west of
27:Historical kingdom in India
1638:
1309:. Routledge. p. 189.
1464:Durga Prasad, G. (1988),
1087:History of Andhra Pradesh
770:. Later, it was moved to
550:
546:
522:
46:
41:
1562:Talbot, Cynthia (2001),
1496:, Sterling Publishers,
1374:Medieval Indian history
1024:Peda Komati Vema Reddi
634:Kondavidu Reddi kingdom
1417:Somasekhara Sarma 1946
1171:Somasekhara Sarma 1946
1156:Somasekhara Sarma 1946
855:
843:
746:The Reddi kings ruled
743:
538:• Disestablished
1622:15th century in India
1617:14th century in India
1082:Papannapet Samsthanam
1077:Wanaparthy Samsthanam
849:
841:
741:
485:Common languages
1269:, pp. 174, 177.
1093:Notes and references
1480:on 14 February 2019
1429:Raghunadha Rao 1994
1405:Raghunadha Rao 1994
1301:Rothermund, Dietmar
1284:Raghunadha Rao 1994
1243:Raghunadha Rao 1994
1146:, pp. 117–118.
984:Prolaya Vema Reddi
902:to the temple. The
828:Vijayanagara Empire
812:Vijayanagara Empire
592:Vijayanagara Empire
528:• Established
1612:Dynasties of India
1431:, pp. 87, 88.
1306:A history of India
1048:Veerabhadra Reddi
1016:Kataya Vema Reddi
856:
844:
744:
654:Vijayanagar empire
648:. They helped the
18:Prolaya Vema Reddy
1575:978-0-19803-123-9
1525:978-0-520-22821-4
1457:978-81-317-3202-1
1384:978-81-7156-062-2
1316:978-0-415-32919-4
1267:Durga Prasad 1988
1255:Durga Prasad 1988
1173:, pp. 66–67.
1158:, pp. 70–75.
1072:Gadwal Samsthanam
1055:
1054:
1032:Racha Vema Reddi
1008:Kumaragiri Reddi
824:Krishna Deva Raya
762:to the south and
668:The Telugu term "
652:and defeated the
650:Bahmani Sultanate
626:
625:
622:
621:
618:
617:
584:
583:
16:(Redirected from
1629:
1578:
1558:
1547:
1529:
1506:
1488:
1487:
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1479:
1472:
1460:
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1408:
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1240:
1234:
1228:
1219:
1218:
1211:
1205:
1199:
1186:
1180:
1174:
1168:
1159:
1153:
1147:
1141:
1135:
1129:
1123:
1122:
1102:
969:
614:
613:
600:
599:
588:
587:
579:Kakatiya dynasty
575:
574:
568:
567:
552:
551:
453:
451:
440:
438:
429:
427:
420:
418:
411:
409:
402:
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393:
391:
384:
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366:
364:
357:
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348:
346:
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335:
328:
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317:
315:
306:
304:
297:
295:
288:
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277:
275:
268:
266:
259:
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199:
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90:
83:
81:
74:
73:
65:
63:
55:
32:
21:
1637:
1636:
1632:
1631:
1630:
1628:
1627:
1626:
1582:
1581:
1576:
1561:
1550:
1545:
1532:
1526:
1509:
1504:
1491:
1483:
1481:
1477:
1470:
1463:
1458:
1443:
1440:
1435:
1427:
1423:
1415:
1411:
1403:
1399:
1389:
1387:
1385:
1370:
1369:
1365:
1355:
1353:
1351:
1336:
1335:
1331:
1321:
1319:
1317:
1295:
1294:
1290:
1282:
1273:
1265:
1261:
1253:
1249:
1241:
1237:
1229:
1222:
1213:
1212:
1208:
1200:
1189:
1181:
1177:
1169:
1162:
1154:
1150:
1142:
1138:
1130:
1126:
1119:
1104:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1068:
976:
967:
916:
868:Delhi sultanate
836:
756:Cuttack, Orissa
736:
698:
666:
611:
606:Gajapati Empire
597:
572:
539:
529:
477:
473:
461:
458:
457:
456:
455:
454:
448:
445:
443:
441:
436:
434:
432:
430:
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353:
351:
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333:
331:
329:
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217:
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206:
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191:
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182:
180:
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171:
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164:
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160:
155:
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151:
146:
144:
142:
137:
135:
133:
128:
126:
124:
119:
117:
115:
113:
108:
106:
104:
102:
97:
95:
93:
88:
86:
84:
79:
77:
75:
68:
66:
61:
59:
57:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1635:
1633:
1625:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1602:Telugu society
1599:
1594:
1584:
1583:
1580:
1579:
1574:
1559:
1548:
1544:978-0199863044
1543:
1530:
1524:
1507:
1502:
1489:
1461:
1456:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1433:
1421:
1409:
1397:
1383:
1363:
1349:
1329:
1315:
1297:Kulke, Hermann
1288:
1271:
1259:
1257:, p. 173.
1247:
1235:
1220:
1206:
1204:, p. 177.
1187:
1185:, p. 176.
1175:
1160:
1148:
1136:
1134:, p. 202.
1124:
1117:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1067:
1064:
1053:
1052:
1049:
1045:
1044:
1041:
1037:
1036:
1033:
1029:
1028:
1025:
1021:
1020:
1017:
1013:
1012:
1009:
1005:
1004:
1001:
1000:Anavema Reddi
997:
996:
993:
992:Anavota Reddi
989:
988:
985:
981:
980:
978:(1325–1448 CE)
972:
966:
965:Administration
963:
951:Nannaya Bhattu
915:
912:
835:
832:
804:Nagarjunakonda
758:to the north,
735:
734:Extent of rule
732:
697:
694:
665:
662:
646:Andhra Pradesh
638:southern India
624:
623:
620:
619:
616:
615:
608:
602:
601:
594:
585:
582:
581:
576:
564:
563:
558:
548:
547:
544:
543:
540:
537:
534:
533:
530:
527:
524:
523:
520:
519:
517:Medieval India
514:
513:Historical era
510:
509:
506:
502:
501:
496:
492:
491:
486:
482:
481:
467:
463:
462:
459:
442:
431:
422:
413:
404:
395:
386:
377:
368:
359:
350:
339:
330:
319:
308:
299:
290:
279:
270:
261:
252:
241:
232:
223:
212:
201:
190:
179:
170:
161:
152:
143:
134:
125:
114:
103:
94:
85:
76:
67:
56:
50:
49:
48:
47:
44:
43:
39:
38:
35:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1634:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1589:
1587:
1577:
1571:
1567:
1566:
1560:
1556:
1555:
1549:
1546:
1540:
1536:
1531:
1527:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1508:
1505:
1503:81-207-1719-8
1499:
1495:
1490:
1476:
1469:
1468:
1462:
1459:
1453:
1449:
1448:
1442:
1441:
1437:
1430:
1425:
1422:
1419:, p. 47.
1418:
1413:
1410:
1407:, p. 89.
1406:
1401:
1398:
1386:
1380:
1376:
1375:
1367:
1364:
1352:
1350:9780836422832
1346:
1342:
1341:
1333:
1330:
1318:
1312:
1308:
1307:
1302:
1298:
1292:
1289:
1286:, p. 83.
1285:
1280:
1278:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1263:
1260:
1256:
1251:
1248:
1245:, p. 82.
1244:
1239:
1236:
1233:, p. 16.
1232:
1227:
1225:
1221:
1216:
1210:
1207:
1203:
1198:
1196:
1194:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1179:
1176:
1172:
1167:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1152:
1149:
1145:
1144:Farooqui 2011
1140:
1137:
1133:
1128:
1125:
1120:
1114:
1110:
1109:
1101:
1098:
1092:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1069:
1065:
1063:
1061:
1050:
1047:
1046:
1042:
1040:Allada Reddi
1039:
1038:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1015:
1014:
1010:
1007:
1006:
1002:
999:
998:
994:
991:
990:
986:
983:
982:
979:
975:
970:
964:
962:
960:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
913:
911:
909:
905:
901:
900:Krishna River
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
876:
873:
869:
865:
861:
853:
848:
840:
833:
831:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
740:
733:
731:
728:
725:
721:
719:
715:
711:
707:
702:
695:
693:
691:
690:sainya-nayaka
687:
683:
679:
675:
671:
663:
661:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
630:Reddi kingdom
609:
607:
604:
603:
595:
593:
590:
589:
586:
580:
577:
570:
569:
566:
565:
562:
559:
557:
554:
553:
549:
545:
541:
531:
518:
515:
511:
507:
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500:
497:
493:
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487:
483:
480:
476:
471:
468:
464:
452:
450:
439:
428:
419:
410:
401:
392:
383:
374:
365:
356:
347:
336:
327:
316:
305:
296:
287:
285:
276:
267:
258:
249:
238:
229:
220:
209:
198:
187:
185:
176:
167:
158:
149:
140:
131:
122:
111:
100:
91:
82:
72:
64:
54:
45:
40:
36:Reddi kingdom
33:
30:
19:
1564:
1553:
1534:
1515:
1493:
1482:, retrieved
1475:the original
1466:
1446:
1438:Book sources
1424:
1412:
1400:
1388:. Retrieved
1373:
1366:
1354:. Retrieved
1339:
1332:
1320:. Retrieved
1305:
1291:
1262:
1250:
1238:
1209:
1178:
1151:
1139:
1127:
1107:
1100:
1056:
1051:(1423–1448)
1043:(1414–1423)
1035:(1420–1424)
1027:(1402–1420)
1019:(1395–1414)
1011:(1386–1402)
1003:(1364–1386)
995:(1353–1364)
987:(1325–1353)
977:
973:
958:
947:Aranya Parva
917:
895:
877:
857:
750:and central
745:
729:
726:
722:
717:
703:
699:
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
667:
644:and central
633:
629:
627:
561:Succeeded by
560:
555:
446:
332:
323:VIJAYANAGARA
283:
183:
129:PHAGMODRUPAS
29:
1390:2 September
1202:Talbot 2001
1183:Talbot 2001
1132:Talbot 2001
974:Reddi Kings
943:Mahabharata
927:Errapragada
796:Bellamkonda
776:Rajahmundry
686:Rashtrakuta
556:Preceded by
479:Rajahmundry
196:GOVERNORATE
1586:Categories
1118:0226742210
929:(Errana),
914:Literature
854:, Ahobilam
788:Vijayawada
784:Kondapalli
780:hill forts
724:District.
505:Government
98:(TUGHLAQS)
60:South Asia
1484:27 August
1322:16 August
1060:Motupalli
939:Kavitraya
904:Narasimha
892:agraharas
884:Srisailam
864:Telangana
860:Kakatiyas
852:Narasimha
820:Gajapatis
816:Gajapatis
800:Vinukonda
782:, one at
772:Kondavidu
764:Srisailam
714:Telangana
710:Recharlas
706:Musunuris
682:Rattakudi
664:Etymology
495:Religion
475:Kondavidu
472:(initial)
437:SULTANATE
354:JAISALMER
345:SULTANATE
314:SULTANATE
284:NAGVANSIS
218:SULTANATE
207:SULTANATE
120:SULTANATE
89:SULTANATE
42:1325–1448
1356:5 August
1303:(2004).
1066:See also
955:Ramayana
931:Srinatha
923:Sanskrit
888:Ahobilam
880:Brahmins
872:Warangal
870:invaded
834:Religion
680:", and "
508:Monarchy
499:Hinduism
265:SUGAUNAS
216:KHANDESH
118:SHAH MIR
808:Palnadu
806:in the
768:Addanki
748:coastal
712:in the
678:Rattodi
656:in the
642:coastal
470:Addanki
466:Capital
435:JAUNPUR
408:AMARKOT
381:KARAULI
256:KAMATAS
245:EASTERN
227:TOMARAS
205:BAHMANI
194:GUJARAT
107:TIMURID
62:1400 CE
1572:
1541:
1522:
1500:
1454:
1381:
1347:
1313:
1115:
935:Potana
919:Telugu
792:Guntur
760:Kanchi
752:Andhra
696:Origin
489:Telugu
449:states
447:Tribal
399:SIROHI
372:MARWAR
325:EMPIRE
312:BENGAL
303:CHUTIA
247:GANGAS
236:TWIPRA
184:KALMAT
174:KANGRA
165:KUMAON
147:MARYUL
138:SAMMAS
109:EMPIRE
1478:(PDF)
1471:(PDF)
959:Chapu
908:Shiva
850:Lord
674:Raddi
670:Reddi
426:MEWAT
417:VAGAD
390:AMBER
363:MEWAR
343:MALWA
334:REDDI
274:MALLA
80:DELHI
1570:ISBN
1539:ISBN
1520:ISBN
1498:ISBN
1486:2018
1452:ISBN
1392:2011
1379:ISBN
1358:2011
1345:ISBN
1324:2011
1311:ISBN
1113:ISBN
933:and
886:and
802:and
676:", "
628:The
542:1448
532:1325
294:AHOM
156:GUGE
957:in
862:of
632:or
1588::
1299:;
1274:^
1223:^
1190:^
1163:^
910:.
830:.
798:,
720:.
660:.
1528:.
1394:.
1360:.
1326:.
1217:.
1121:.
718:s
20:)
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