Knowledge

Proprotein convertase 1

Source đź“ť

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Seidah NG, Mattei MG, Gaspar L, Benjannet S, Mbikay M, Chrétien M (September 1991). "Chromosomal assignments of the genes for neuroendocrine convertase PC1 (NEC1) to human 5q15-21, neuroendocrine convertase PC2 (NEC2) to human 20p11.1-11.2, and furin (mouse 7 region)".
1344:. Following the action of proprotein convertase 1, a carboxypeptidase is required to remove the basic residues from the processing intermediate and generate the bioactive form of insulin. Another prohormone convertase, 1333:
within prohormones but can occasionally cleave after a single arginine. It binds to a protein known as proSAAS, which also represents its endogenous inhibitor. PC1 is synthesized as a 99
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or humans, most likely due to the presence of the second convertase, although mice lacking proprotein convertase 1 activity show a number of defects including slow growth.
1988: 320: 219: 1211: 1728: 1367:(meaning that a serine residue is part of the active site that hydrolyzes the peptide bond within the substrate). It is related to the bacterial enzyme known as 1230: 1566:"Neuroendocrine-specific expression of the human prohormone convertase 1 gene. Hormonal regulation of transcription through distinct cAMP response elements" 1337:
proform quickly converted to an 87 kDa major active form, which itself is nearly completely cleaved to a 66 kDa active form within neuroendocrine cells.
777: 758: 142: 1507: 1489: 1371:. There are nine subtilisin homologs in mammals; in addition to proprotein convertase 1 and 2, other members of this enzyme family include 2494: 306: 1721: 996: 989: 283: 2193: 1223: 1476: 1455: 1174: 1714: 1150: 2349: 1472: 205: 180: 49: 1451: 1948: 122: 1706: 319: 218: 1625:"Replication and extension of genome-wide association study results for obesity in 4923 adults from northern Sweden" 2464: 2334: 312: 211: 2450: 2437: 2424: 2411: 2398: 2385: 2372: 1863: 1848: 1748: 1168: 2344: 2298: 2241: 1745: 1679: 1061: 822: 130: 1155: 2246: 2138: 2103: 1345: 1278: 803: 1348:
plays a more minor role in the first step of insulin biosynthesis, but a greater role in the first step of
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Proprotein convertase 1 is the enzyme largely responsible for the first step in the biosynthesis of
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to their intermediate (or sometimes completely cleaved) forms. It is present only in
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National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
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National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
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Jansen E, Ayoubi TA, Meulemans SM, Van de Ven WJ (June 1995).
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Overview of all the structural information available in the
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Renström F, Payne F, Nordström A, et al. (April 2009).
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Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1 inhibitor
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Proprotein convertase 1 is a calcium (Ca) activated
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dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell
1468: 1466: 1464: 1447: 1445: 1443: 1414:Variants in the PCSK1 gene may be associated with 329: 228: 1329:, and most often cleaves after a pair of basic 1473:GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000021587 2187: 1722: 1559: 1557: 8: 1356:of proprotein convertase 1 is not lethal in 1699:(Mouse Neuroendocrine convertase 1) at the 1452:GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000175426 2194: 2180: 2172: 1729: 1715: 1707: 1197: 718: 573: 370: 269: 166: 60: 1678:at the U.S. National Library of Medicine 1648: 1581: 2469: 1439: 506:paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus 1742:serine proteases/serine endopeptidases 1047: 15: 1305:PC1/3 is an enzyme that performs the 334: 295: 290: 233: 192: 187: 7: 962: 937: 911: 882: 858: 839: 813: 794: 768: 749: 611:serine-type endopeptidase activity 552: 522:central gray substance of midbrain 470: 408: 387: 14: 1402:Proprotein convertase 1 converts 1285:and they act together to process 1270:that in humans is encoded by the 2472: 494:pars distalis of adenohypophysis 318: 311: 305: 282: 217: 210: 204: 179: 24: 596:serine-type peptidase activity 536:More reference expression data 1: 1954:Urinary plasminogen activator 303: 202: 1949:Tissue plasminogen activator 1540:10.1016/0888-7543(91)90106-O 673:peptide biosynthetic process 2495:Genes on human chromosome 5 1260:neuroendocrine convertase 1 2516: 683:peptide hormone processing 2350:Michaelis–Menten kinetics 2040:Proteinase 3/Myeloblastin 1508:"Mouse PubMed Reference:" 1490:"Human PubMed Reference:" 1262:and often abbreviated as 1196: 1035: 1030: 1026: 1019: 1003: 984: 969: 944: 933: 918: 889: 878: 865: 861: 846: 842: 833: 820: 816: 801: 797: 788: 775: 771: 756: 752: 743: 728: 721: 717: 701: 616:identical protein binding 576: 572: 560: 555: 546: 533: 482: 473: 420: 411: 381: 373: 369: 352: 339: 302: 281: 272: 268: 251: 238: 201: 178: 169: 165: 120: 117: 107: 100: 95: 68: 63: 46: 41: 36: 32: 23: 18: 2242:Diffusion-limited enzyme 1680:Medical Subject Headings 1583:10.1074/jbc.270.25.15391 997:Chr 13: 75.24 – 75.28 Mb 1676:Proprotein+Convertase+1 1346:proprotein convertase 2 1256:prohormone convertase 3 1248:Proprotein convertase 1 1051:proprotein convertase 1 990:Chr 5: 96.39 – 96.43 Mb 632:secretory granule lumen 2094:Proprotein convertases 1281:differentially cleave 601:endopeptidase activity 514:superior frontal gyrus 498:lumbar spinal ganglion 432:superior frontal gyrus 336:13 C1|13 40.63 cM 2335:Eadie–Hofstee diagram 2268:Allosteric regulation 1944:Plasminogen activator 1410:Clinical significance 1252:prohormone convertase 510:primary visual cortex 456:primary visual cortex 297:Chromosome 13 (mouse) 2345:Lineweaver–Burk plot 2084:Prolyl endopeptidase 1315:neuroendocrine cells 1307:proteolytic cleavage 436:orbitofrontal cortex 195:Chromosome 5 (human) 64:List of PDB id codes 37:Available structures 1365:serine endoprotease 1283:proopiomelanocortin 678:cell-cell signaling 647:extracellular space 642:cytoplasmic vesicle 490:islet of Langerhans 2304:Enzyme superfamily 2237:Enzyme promiscuity 1641:10.1093/hmg/ddp041 1352:biosynthesis. The 823:ENSMUSG00000021587 693:protein processing 666:Biological process 625:Cellular component 606:hydrolase activity 591:peptidase activity 584:Molecular function 486:supraoptic nucleus 2460: 2459: 2169: 2168: 1966:Complement system 1758:Digestive enzymes 1295:pancreatic islets 1245: 1244: 1241: 1240: 1144:metabolic pathway 1046: 1045: 1042: 1041: 1015: 1014: 980: 979: 959: 958: 929: 928: 908: 907: 874: 873: 855: 854: 829: 828: 810: 809: 784: 783: 765: 764: 713: 712: 657:neuron projection 637:transport vesicle 568: 567: 564: 563: 542: 541: 529: 528: 467: 466: 428:postcentral gyrus 365: 364: 264: 263: 159:PCSK1 - orthologs 91: 90: 87: 86: 47:Ortholog search: 2507: 2477: 2476: 2468: 2340:Hanes–Woolf plot 2283:Enzyme activator 2278:Enzyme inhibitor 2252:Enzyme catalysis 2196: 2189: 2182: 2173: 1731: 1724: 1717: 1708: 1663: 1662: 1652: 1620: 1614: 1613: 1602: 1596: 1595: 1585: 1561: 1552: 1551: 1522: 1516: 1515: 1504: 1498: 1497: 1486: 1480: 1470: 1459: 1449: 1250:, also known as 1198: 1048: 1028: 1027: 999: 992: 975: 963: 954: 938: 934:RefSeq (protein) 924: 912: 903: 883: 859: 840: 814: 795: 769: 750: 719: 574: 553: 538: 478: 476:Top expressed in 471: 452:Brodmann area 10 448:endothelial cell 444:Brodmann area 46 440:Brodmann area 23 416: 414:Top expressed in 409: 388: 371: 361: 348: 337: 322: 315: 309: 298: 286: 270: 260: 247: 236: 221: 214: 208: 197: 183: 167: 161: 112: 105: 82: 61: 55: 34: 33: 28: 16: 2515: 2514: 2510: 2509: 2508: 2506: 2505: 2504: 2485: 2484: 2483: 2471: 2463: 2461: 2456: 2368:Oxidoreductases 2354: 2330:Enzyme kinetics 2318: 2314:List of enzymes 2287: 2256: 2227:Catalytic triad 2205: 2200: 2170: 2165: 2067: 2044: 2010: 1960: 1797: 1766:Enteropeptidase 1752: 1735: 1672: 1667: 1666: 1629:Hum. Mol. Genet 1622: 1621: 1617: 1604: 1603: 1599: 1576:(25): 15391–7. 1563: 1562: 1555: 1524: 1523: 1519: 1506: 1505: 1501: 1488: 1487: 1483: 1471: 1462: 1450: 1441: 1436: 1424: 1412: 1303: 1037:View/Edit Mouse 1032:View/Edit Human 995: 988: 985:Location (UCSC) 971: 950: 946: 920: 899: 895: 891: 804:ENSG00000175426 697: 661: 620: 534: 525: 520: 518:arcuate nucleus 516: 512: 508: 504: 500: 496: 492: 488: 474: 463: 458: 454: 450: 446: 442: 438: 434: 430: 426: 412: 356: 343: 335: 325: 324: 323: 316: 296: 273:Gene location ( 255: 242: 234: 224: 223: 222: 215: 193: 170:Gene location ( 121: 108: 101: 70: 48: 12: 11: 5: 2513: 2511: 2503: 2502: 2497: 2487: 2486: 2482: 2481: 2458: 2457: 2455: 2454: 2441: 2428: 2415: 2402: 2389: 2376: 2362: 2360: 2356: 2355: 2353: 2352: 2347: 2342: 2337: 2332: 2326: 2324: 2320: 2319: 2317: 2316: 2311: 2306: 2301: 2295: 2293: 2292:Classification 2289: 2288: 2286: 2285: 2280: 2275: 2270: 2264: 2262: 2258: 2257: 2255: 2254: 2249: 2244: 2239: 2234: 2229: 2224: 2219: 2213: 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480: 479: 468: 465: 464: 462: 461: 457: 453: 449: 445: 441: 437: 433: 429: 425: 421: 418: 417: 405: 404: 396: 385: 379: 378: 375:RNA expression 367: 366: 363: 362: 354: 350: 349: 341: 338: 333: 327: 326: 317: 310: 304: 300: 299: 294: 288: 287: 279: 278: 266: 265: 262: 261: 253: 249: 248: 240: 237: 232: 226: 225: 216: 209: 203: 199: 198: 191: 185: 184: 176: 175: 163: 162: 119: 115: 114: 106: 98: 97: 93: 92: 89: 88: 85: 84: 66: 65: 57: 56: 45: 39: 38: 30: 29: 21: 20: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2512: 2501: 2498: 2496: 2493: 2492: 2490: 2480: 2475: 2470: 2466: 2452: 2448: 2447: 2442: 2439: 2435: 2434: 2429: 2426: 2422: 2421: 2416: 2413: 2409: 2408: 2403: 2400: 2396: 2395: 2390: 2387: 2383: 2382: 2377: 2374: 2370: 2369: 2364: 2363: 2361: 2357: 2351: 2348: 2346: 2343: 2341: 2338: 2336: 2333: 2331: 2328: 2327: 2325: 2321: 2315: 2312: 2310: 2309:Enzyme family 2307: 2305: 2302: 2300: 2297: 2296: 2294: 2290: 2284: 2281: 2279: 2276: 2274: 2273:Cooperativity 2271: 2269: 2266: 2265: 2263: 2259: 2253: 2250: 2248: 2245: 2243: 2240: 2238: 2235: 2233: 2232:Oxyanion hole 2230: 2228: 2225: 2223: 2220: 2218: 2215: 2214: 2212: 2208: 2204: 2197: 2192: 2190: 2185: 2183: 2178: 2177: 2174: 2160: 2157: 2155: 2152: 2151: 2150: 2147: 2145: 2144:Streptokinase 2142: 2140: 2136: 2133: 2130: 2126: 2122: 2119: 2117: 2114: 2112: 2109: 2105: 2102: 2100: 2097: 2096: 2095: 2092: 2090: 2087: 2085: 2082: 2080: 2077: 2076: 2074: 2070: 2064: 2061: 2059: 2056: 2055: 2053: 2051: 2047: 2041: 2038: 2036: 2033: 2031: 2028: 2026: 2023: 2022: 2020: 2018: 2017:immune system 2013: 2007: 2006:C3-convertase 2004: 2000: 1997: 1995: 1992: 1991: 1990: 1987: 1985: 1982: 1980: 1977: 1975: 1972: 1971: 1969: 1967: 1963: 1955: 1952: 1950: 1947: 1946: 1945: 1942: 1940: 1937: 1935: 1931: 1930: 1925: 1922: 1920: 1917: 1915: 1912: 1910: 1907: 1905: 1902: 1900: 1897: 1895: 1892: 1890: 1887: 1885: 1882: 1880: 1877: 1875: 1872: 1870: 1867: 1865: 1862: 1860: 1857: 1855: 1852: 1850: 1847: 1846: 1845: 1842: 1840: 1837: 1835: 1832: 1830: 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Biol. Chem 1567: 1560: 1558: 1554: 1549: 1545: 1541: 1537: 1533: 1529: 1521: 1518: 1513: 1509: 1503: 1500: 1495: 1491: 1485: 1482: 1478: 1474: 1469: 1467: 1465: 1461: 1457: 1453: 1448: 1446: 1444: 1440: 1433: 1429: 1426: 1425: 1421: 1419: 1417: 1409: 1407: 1405: 1400: 1398: 1394: 1390: 1386: 1382: 1378: 1374: 1370: 1366: 1361: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1347: 1343: 1338: 1336: 1332: 1328: 1324: 1320: 1316: 1312: 1308: 1300: 1298: 1296: 1292: 1288: 1284: 1280: 1276: 1273: 1269: 1265: 1261: 1257: 1253: 1249: 1237: 1234: 1232: 1228: 1225: 1222: 1220: 1216: 1213: 1210: 1208: 1204: 1199: 1195: 1192: 1188: 1185: 1183: 1182:Gene Ontology 1179: 1176: 1173: 1170: 1167: 1164: 1160: 1157: 1154: 1152: 1148: 1145: 1142: 1140: 1136: 1133: 1130: 1128: 1124: 1121: 1120:NiceZyme view 1118: 1116: 1112: 1109: 1106: 1104: 1100: 1097: 1094: 1092: 1088: 1083: 1080: 1077: 1075: 1071: 1068: 1065: 1063: 1059: 1054: 1049: 1038: 1033: 1029: 1025: 1022: 1018: 1011: 1009: 1006: 1002: 998: 994: 991: 987: 983: 976: 974: 968: 964: 961: 955: 953: 949: 943: 939: 936: 932: 925: 923: 917: 913: 910: 904: 902: 898: 894: 888: 884: 881: 879:RefSeq (mRNA) 877: 870: 869: 864: 860: 857: 851: 850: 845: 841: 838: 836: 832: 825: 824: 819: 815: 812: 806: 805: 800: 796: 793: 791: 787: 780: 779: 774: 770: 767: 761: 760: 755: 751: 748: 746: 742: 739: 736: 734: 731: 727: 724: 720: 716: 709: 705: 700: 694: 691: 689: 686: 684: 681: 679: 676: 674: 671: 670: 668: 665: 664: 658: 655: 653: 650: 648: 645: 643: 640: 638: 635: 633: 630: 629: 627: 624: 623: 617: 614: 612: 609: 607: 604: 602: 599: 597: 594: 592: 589: 588: 586: 583: 582: 579: 578:Gene ontology 575: 571: 559: 554: 551: 549: 545: 537: 532: 521: 517: 513: 509: 505: 501: 497: 493: 489: 485: 484: 481: 477: 472: 469: 459: 455: 451: 447: 443: 439: 435: 431: 427: 423: 422: 419: 415: 410: 407: 406: 403: 401: 397: 395: 394: 390: 389: 386: 384: 380: 376: 372: 368: 360: 355: 351: 347: 342: 332: 328: 321: 314: 308: 301: 293: 289: 285: 280: 276: 271: 267: 259: 254: 250: 246: 241: 231: 227: 220: 213: 207: 200: 196: 190: 186: 182: 177: 173: 168: 164: 160: 156: 152: 148: 144: 140: 136: 132: 128: 124: 116: 111: 104: 99: 94: 83: 81: 77: 73: 67: 62: 59: 58: 54: 51: 44: 40: 35: 31: 27: 22: 17: 2446:Translocases 2443: 2430: 2417: 2404: 2391: 2381:Transferases 2378: 2365: 2222:Binding site 2098: 1934:fibrinolysis 1932: 1810: 1776:Chymotrypsin 1694: 1632: 1628: 1618: 1609: 1600: 1573: 1569: 1534:(1): 103–7. 1531: 1527: 1520: 1511: 1502: 1493: 1484: 1413: 1406:into renin. 1401: 1362: 1339: 1304: 1277:. PCSK1 and 1271: 1263: 1259: 1255: 1251: 1247: 1246: 1108:BRENDA entry 970: 952:NP_001171346 945: 919: 901:NM_001177875 893:NM_001177876 890: 866: 847: 821: 802: 776: 757: 737: 732: 398: 391: 118:External IDs 69: 2217:Active site 1839:Factor XIIa 1819:Factor VIIa 1803:Coagulation 1291:proglucagon 1096:IntEnz view 1079:99676-46-7 1056:Identifiers 688:proteolysis 357:75,282,980 344:75,237,945 256:96,434,143 243:96,390,333 96:Identifiers 2489:Categories 2420:Isomerases 2394:Hydrolases 2261:Regulation 2121:Subtilisin 2063:Batroxobin 1844:Kallikrein 1834:Factor XIa 1824:Factor IXa 1791:Pancreatic 1786:Neutrophil 1479:, May 2017 1458:, May 2017 1434:References 1369:subtilisin 1287:proinsulin 1165:structures 1132:KEGG entry 402:(ortholog) 139:HomoloGene 2500:EC 3.4.21 2299:EC number 2149:Cathepsin 2135:Sedolisin 2111:Prostasin 1829:Factor Xa 1323:pituitary 1085:Databases 1067:3.4.21.93 973:NP_038656 948:NP_000430 922:NM_013628 897:NM_000439 723:Orthologs 424:beta cell 147:GeneCards 2323:Kinetics 2247:Cofactor 2210:Activity 2050:Venombin 2035:Tryptase 2030:Granzyme 1984:Factor I 1979:Factor D 1974:Factor B 1814:Thrombin 1811:factors: 1781:Elastase 1659:19164386 1528:Genomics 1475:– 1454:– 1422:See also 1404:prorenin 1397:SKI1/S1P 1354:knockout 1350:glucagon 1331:residues 1317:such as 1311:hormones 1301:Function 1236:proteins 1224:articles 1212:articles 1169:RCSB PDB 1021:Wikidata 702:Sources: 652:membrane 460:testicle 2479:Biology 2433:Ligases 2203:Enzymes 2089:Pronase 2079:Acrosin 2025:Chymase 1939:Plasmin 1771:Trypsin 1701:PDBe-KB 1691:UniProt 1650:2664142 1592:7797529 1548:1765368 1477:Ensembl 1456:Ensembl 1416:obesity 1342:insulin 1327:adrenal 1191:QuickGO 1156:profile 1139:MetaCyc 1074:CAS no. 835:UniProt 790:Ensembl 729:Species 708:QuickGO 377:pattern 103:Aliases 2465:Portal 2407:Lyases 2116:Reelin 2058:Ancrod 2015:Other 1749:3.4.21 1696:P63239 1682:(MeSH) 1657:  1647:  1590:  1546:  1395:, and 1309:of pro 1268:enzyme 1266:is an 1219:PubMed 1201:Search 1187:AmiGO 1175:PDBsum 1115:ExPASy 1103:BRENDA 1091:IntEnz 1062:EC no. 1007:search 1005:PubMed 868:P63239 849:P29120 745:Entrez 548:BioGPS 127:162150 2359:Types 2125:Furin 2072:Other 1999:MASP2 1994:MASP1 1924:KLK15 1919:KLK14 1914:KLK13 1909:KLK12 1904:KLK11 1899:KLK10 1393:PCSK9 1389:PC7/8 1385:PC5/6 1377:PACE4 1373:furin 1319:brain 1279:PCSK2 1272:PCSK1 1264:PC1/3 1258:, or 1151:PRIAM 778:18548 738:Mouse 733:Human 704:Amigo 400:Mouse 393:Human 340:Start 275:Mouse 239:Start 172:Human 151:PCSK1 135:97511 110:PCSK1 19:PCSK1 2451:list 2444:EC7 2438:list 2431:EC6 2425:list 2418:EC5 2412:list 2405:EC4 2399:list 2392:EC3 2386:list 2379:EC2 2373:list 2366:EC1 2139:TPP1 1989:MASP 1894:KLK9 1889:KLK8 1884:KLK7 1879:KLK6 1874:KLK5 1869:KLK4 1864:KLK3 1859:KLK2 1854:KLK1 1689:for 1655:PMID 1588:PMID 1544:PMID 1358:mice 1325:and 1289:and 1275:gene 1231:NCBI 1172:PDBe 1127:KEGG 759:5122 383:Bgee 331:Band 292:Chr. 235:5q15 230:Band 189:Chr. 123:OMIM 80:2KE3 76:2KDT 72:1KN6 53:RCSB 50:PDBe 2129:S1P 1849:PSA 1687:PDB 1645:PMC 1637:doi 1578:doi 1574:270 1536:doi 1381:PC4 1335:kDa 1293:in 1207:PMC 1163:PDB 556:n/a 353:End 252:End 155:OMA 143:379 131:MGI 43:PDB 2491:: 1746:EC 1740:: 1693:: 1653:. 1643:. 1633:18 1631:. 1627:. 1608:. 1586:. 1572:. 1568:. 1556:^ 1542:. 1532:11 1530:. 1510:. 1492:. 1463:^ 1442:^ 1418:. 1399:. 1391:, 1387:, 1383:, 1379:, 1375:, 1321:, 1297:. 1254:, 1189:/ 706:/ 359:bp 346:bp 258:bp 245:bp 153:; 149:: 145:; 141:: 137:; 133:: 129:; 125:: 78:, 74:, 2467:: 2453:) 2449:( 2440:) 2436:( 2427:) 2423:( 2414:) 2410:( 2401:) 2397:( 2388:) 2384:( 2375:) 2371:( 2195:e 2188:t 2181:v 2159:G 2154:A 2137:/ 2131:4 2127:/ 2123:/ 2104:2 2099:1 1936:: 1751:) 1744:( 1730:e 1723:t 1716:v 1703:. 1661:. 1639:: 1612:. 1594:. 1580:: 1550:. 1538:: 1514:. 1496:. 277:) 174:) 157::

Index


PDB
PDBe
RCSB
1KN6
2KDT
2KE3
Aliases
PCSK1
OMIM
162150
MGI
97511
HomoloGene
379
GeneCards
PCSK1
OMA
PCSK1 - orthologs
Human
Chromosome 5 (human)
Chr.
Chromosome 5 (human)
Chromosome 5 (human)
Genomic location for PCSK1
Genomic location for PCSK1
Band
bp
bp
Mouse

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