403:(EA) progress reports, and has developed a framework for application of the approach to its projects. The framework principles involve identifying the character of local ecosystems before considering them adjacent to the group's assessments, objectives and values. Decisions with respect to the management of local human activity are made based on the outcomes of these processes.
391:. The definition focuses the existence of a distinct geographical area managed in such a way that ensures the long-term conservation and protection of its natural ecosystems. There are seven categories to accommodate the various characters of protected areas that exist globally, with the Arctic states each possessing policy tools to designate and manage these.
371:
A key role of PAME relates itself to the proliferation of Arctic maritime contamination and pollution, stemming from both off-shore and on-shore activities. As of May 2020, PAME is the process of developing a regional action plan on marine litter in the Arctic, as an extension of a preliminary study
413:
PAME and the Arctic
Council define ecosystem approaches to management as the management of human activities based on contemporary, scientific knowledge of local ecosystems. The purpose of the approach is to facilitate management decisions of human activity which balance the exploitation of marine
422:
In 2009, PAME released guidelines for the exploitation of Arctic off-shore gas and oil, delineating the Arctic
Council's understanding of "good practice" for the stages of planning, exploring, developing, producing and decommissioning areas and equipment employed in resource exploitation and
304:
The second Arctic
Maritime Strategic Plan was accompanied by two plans to strengthen its progress: the Implementation Plan and Communication Plan. The former was intended to provide the Arctic Council with an increasingly structured approach to achieving the Working Group's goals, as well as
375:
The group's focus on Arctic maritime pollution can be identified in its 1998 Regional
Programme of Action for the Protection of the Arctic Marine Environment from Land-based Activities (Arctic RPA), updated in 2009 to reflect contemporary challenges in preventing Arctic marine pollution.
224:
PAME's objectives, and strategies to further their realisation, are periodically delineated in the group's Arctic
Maritime Strategic Plans. As of May 2020, the group has published two such documents; one for the years between 2000 and 2015, and the other for those between 2015 and 2025.
410:(EBM) occurred in 2011, the centrality to the working of the Council of which was furthered in both 2015 and 2017, with council ministers agreeing on the requirement for distinct guidelines for implementing the Ecosystem Approach in the Arctic region.
313:
PAME works in partnership with The Arctic
Council's five additional working groups to construct its strategic plans and suggest mechanisms for their implementation. The five additional working groups of the Arctic Council are:
359:"is very likely to increase marine transport and access to resources". PAME identifies increases in marine tourism and in transport supporting the exploration and extraction of marine resources as potential catalysts of
299:
The enhancement of 'economic, social and cultural well-being of Arctic inhabitants', including the Arctic's indigenous population and the strengthening of their capacity to adapt to ongoing changes in the Arctic marine
149:
and development, and associations with the marine environment. Where necessary, it is tasked with producing guidelines and recommendations for policy improvement, with projects approved every two years by the council.
281:
The second Arctic
Maritime Strategic Plan delineated four distinct goals relating to Protection of the Arctic Marine Environment for the following 10 years. It was approved by the Council in April 2015 at a meeting in
1238:
434:
PAME convenes on an annual, or biannual basis, and meets with the
Ministers of the Arctic Council once every two years. The location of PAME meetings alternates between cities situated in the 8 Arctic states.
426:
Since the commissioning of these guidelines, PAME has published eight developing documents detailing further development of local regulation on Arctic oil and Gas drilling activities.
941:
1038:
305:
providing guidelines against which progress could be appraised. The latter aimed to facilitate communication and understanding to ensure the fulfilment of the working group's goals.
178:
958:
Jenks, Andrew (1996). "Canada-Denmark-Finland-Iceland-Norway-Russian
Federation-Sweden-United States: Joint Communiqué and Declaration on the Establishment of the Arctic Council".
1234:
388:
170:
166:
162:
215:
To facilitate partnerships, programme and technical cooperation and support communication, reporting and outreach both within and outside the Arctic
Council.
318:
1449:
1016:
609:
122:
1069:
290:
The furthering of knowledge relating to the Arctic marine environment and the continuation of the domain's monitoring and assessment structures,
878:
244:
The first of the Working Group's Arctic Maritime Strategic Plans was approved by the Arctic Council in November 2004. The plan centred around:
1283:
883:
1374:
1542:
1324:
146:
352:
893:
1217:
1284:"Arctic Council: Regional Programme of Action for the Protection of the Arctic Marine Environment from Land-based Activities"
1269:
351:, which analyses current and predicted trends in Arctic transport. PAME was tasked to conduct this research after the 2004
212:
To determine the adequacy of applicable international/regional commitments and promote their implementation and compliance.
407:
348:
730:
1517:
1111:
Arctic Council: Arctic Marine Strategic Plan, Protecting Marine and Coastal Ecosystems in a Changing Arctic (2015)
384:
The expert group of PAME's Marine Protected Areas subdivision is co-led by Canada, Norway and the United States.
360:
174:
1086:
1537:
1349:
1121:
161:), Finland, Iceland, Norway, Russia, Sweden, and the United States) as well as its Permanent Participants (
1132:
356:
134:
888:
142:
1062:
697:
296:
Sustainable employment of the marine environment, centred around cumulative environmental impacts and
186:
1110:
983:
400:
1466:
1300:
1200:
1039:"The Arctic Council Permanent Participants: Capacity & Support - Past, Present & Future"
153:
The working group includes representatives from each state, (Canada, Denmark (representing both
975:
1255:
1403:
1099:
967:
653:
477:
249:
138:
785:
372:
on Arctic marine litter and micro-plastics which was carried out between 2017 and 2019.
209:
To improve knowledge and respond to emerging knowledge of the Arctic Marine Environment.
201:
The overarching objectives for PAME were formally outlined in the 2009 meeting held in
126:
118:
85:
1428:
1531:
719:
182:
158:
125:, it assimilated into the structure of the Council following the signing of the 1996
41:
1122:
Arctic Council: Arctic Maritime Strategic Plan 2015-2025, Implementation Plan (2015)
255:
The development of sustainable mechanisms for employment of Arctic marine resources,
851:
675:
598:
532:
499:
347:
In 2009, the working group released a major report on Arctic marine shipping, the
1518:
https://archive.today/20080511222501/http://arctic-council.org/working_group/pame
829:
818:
293:
The conservation of ecosystem function and encouragement of marine biodiversity,
387:
PAME adheres to the definition of a 'Marine Protected Area' volunteered by the
971:
796:
741:
642:
587:
543:
466:
72:
979:
774:
708:
686:
510:
154:
763:
1133:
Arctic Council: Arctic Marine Strategic Plan 2015-2025, Communication Plan
840:
807:
752:
620:
576:
521:
455:
190:
51:
987:
554:
283:
55:
1017:"An Arctic Redesign: Recommendations to Rejuvenate the Arctic Council"
1490:
488:
130:
68:
189:, and a number of observers. The Secretariat for PAME is located in
133:
states. The Working Group claims to operate across the domains of
917:
862:
664:
631:
565:
202:
1218:"Arctic Council: Arctic Marine Shipping Assessment 2009 Report"
1450:"ARCTIC COUNCIL: ARCTIC OFFSHORE OIL AND GAS GUIDELINES, 2009"
1427:
Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (2004).
1173:"The Emergency Prevention, Preparedness and Response (EPPR)"
1250:
1248:
258:
The conservation of marine biodiversity and ecosystems and
111:
Protection of the Arctic Marine Environment Working Group
1235:"Arctic Climate Impact Assessment (ACIA). Key Finding 6"
1186:
942:"DECLARATION ON THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE ARCTIC COUNCIL"
327:
Emergency Prevention, Preparedness & Response (EPPR)
1158:
1144:
1001:
261:
The 'health and prosperity' of all Arctic inhabitants.
179:
Russian Association of Indigenous Peoples of the North
1522:
1436:
Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity
96:
1172:
1100:
Arctic Council: Arctic Marine Strategic Plan (2004)
399:Between 2006 and 2017, PAME produced a total of 11
91:
79:
61:
47:
37:
29:
21:
1325:"IUCN Green List of Protected and Conserved Areas"
117:) is one of six working groups encompassed by the
324:Conservation of Arctic Flora & Fauna (CAFF)
1024:Centre for Strategic and International Studies
389:International Union for Conservation of Nature
266:Arctic Maritime Strategic Plan 2015–2025
229:Arctic Maritime Strategic Plan 2005–2015
1002:"Protection of the Arctic Marine Environment"
8:
1015:Conley and Melin-, H and M (February 2016).
418:Marine resource exploitation and development
330:Sustainable Development Working Group (SDWG)
16:
17:Protection of the Arctic Marine Environment
1159:"Conservation of Arctic Flora & Fauna"
438:Past meetings by month, year and location
319:Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme
15:
406:The establishment of the expert group on
333:Arctic Contaminants Action Program (ACAP)
248:The curtailment and prevention of Arctic
1087:"ARCTIC MARINE STRATEGIC PLAN 2015-2025"
440:
123:Arctic Environmental Protection Strategy
1187:"Sustainable Development Working Group"
906:
1467:"Resource Exploration and Development"
879:International Arctic Science Committee
145:, ecosystem approaches to management,
1398:
1396:
1394:
1212:
1210:
912:
910:
414:resources with ecosystem prosperity.
7:
1201:"ARCTIC CONTAMINANTS ACTION PROGRAM"
884:United Nations Environment Programme
1404:"Ecosystem Approach to Management"
401:ecosystem approaches to management
395:Ecosystem approaches to management
14:
408:Arctic ecosystem-based management
349:Arctic Marine Shipping Assessment
343:Arctic Marine Shipping Assessment
1270:"DESKTOP STUDY ON MARINE LITTER"
1241:from the original on 2011-07-16.
1075:from the original on 2011-07-20.
353:Arctic Climate Impact Assessment
205:, Norway. These objectives are:
894:Arctic cooperation and politics
286:, Canada. The plan called for:
220:Arctic Maritime Strategic Plans
187:region's indigenous populations
163:Aleut International Association
171:Gwich'in Council International
121:. Founded as part of the 1991
1:
1145:"AMAP and the Arctic Council"
960:International Legal Materials
1350:"Protected Area Categories"
731:Girdwood, Anchorage, Alaska
1559:
1063:"PAME Work Plan 2009-2011"
1256:"ARCTIC MARINE POLLUTION"
972:10.1017/S0020782900024062
361:environmental degradation
175:Inuit Circumpolar Council
167:Arctic Athabaskan Council
1543:Government of the Arctic
1429:"The Ecosystem Approach"
1301:"Marine Protected Areas"
380:Marine protected areas
357:Arctic sea ice decline
143:marine protected areas
1375:"EA Progress Reports"
889:Ilulissat Declaration
147:resource exploitation
918:"The Arctic Council"
185:) representing the
81:Parent organization
18:
1523:http://www.pame.is
1043:arcticyearbook.com
367:Maritime pollution
181:(RAIPON), and the
139:maritime pollution
127:Ottawa Declaration
869:
868:
107:
106:
1550:
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1083:
1077:
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1074:
1067:
1059:
1053:
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1050:
1049:
1034:
1028:
1027:
1021:
1012:
1006:
1005:
998:
992:
991:
966:(6): 1382–1390.
955:
949:
948:
946:
938:
932:
931:
929:
928:
914:
788:, United States
733:, United States
656:, United States
654:Washington, D.C.
480:, United States
478:Washington, D.C.
441:
278:
277:
273:
250:marine pollution
241:
240:
236:
103:
100:
98:
19:
1558:
1557:
1553:
1552:
1551:
1549:
1548:
1547:
1538:Ocean pollution
1528:
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926:
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908:
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898:
874:
848:September 2019
804:September 2017
782:September 2016
760:September 2015
738:September 2014
716:September 2013
694:September 2012
672:September 2011
650:September 2010
595:September 2007
551:September 2005
432:
420:
397:
382:
369:
355:concluded that
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135:Arctic shipping
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5:
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1103:
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1029:
1007:
993:
950:
933:
922:Arctic Council
905:
904:
902:
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875:
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859:February 2020
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837:February 2019
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815:February 2018
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771:February 2016
768:
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749:February 2015
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727:February 2014
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705:February 2013
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661:February 2011
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452:November 1999
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119:Arctic Council
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86:Arctic Council
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63:Region served
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1544:
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1512:Other sources
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826:October 2018
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720:Rostov-on-Don
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485:October 2001
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430:PAME meetings
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183:Saami Council
180:
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159:Faroe Islands
156:
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129:by the eight
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50:
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42:Working group
40:
36:
32:
28:
24:
20:
1498:. Retrieved
1494:
1491:"About PAME"
1485:
1474:. Retrieved
1470:
1461:
1444:
1435:
1422:
1411:. Retrieved
1407:
1382:. Retrieved
1378:
1369:
1358:. Retrieved
1356:. 2016-05-27
1353:
1344:
1333:. Retrieved
1331:. 2016-05-23
1328:
1319:
1308:. Retrieved
1304:
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1195:
1181:
1167:
1153:
1139:
1128:
1117:
1106:
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1057:
1046:. Retrieved
1042:
1037:Gamle, Jim.
1032:
1023:
1010:
996:
963:
959:
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936:
925:. Retrieved
921:
573:August 2006
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312:
303:
300:environment.
280:
243:
223:
200:
152:
114:
110:
108:
48:Headquarters
22:Abbreviation
1408:www.pame.is
1379:www.pame.is
1305:www.pame.is
830:Vladivostok
819:Quebec City
683:March 2012
639:March 2010
584:March 2007
562:March 2006
496:April 2002
444:Month/year
309:Cooperation
193:, Iceland.
1532:Categories
1500:2020-05-28
1476:2020-05-28
1413:2020-05-28
1384:2020-05-28
1360:2020-05-28
1335:2020-05-28
1310:2020-05-28
1048:2020-05-28
927:2020-05-28
901:References
854:, Iceland
810:, Finland
799:, Denmark
797:Copenhagen
755:, Iceland
742:Whitehorse
711:, Finland
678:, Iceland
645:, Denmark
643:Copenhagen
623:, Finland
606:June 2008
601:, Iceland
590:, Denmark
588:Copenhagen
557:, Denmark
546:, Denmark
544:Copenhagen
535:, Iceland
524:, Finland
502:, Iceland
469:, Denmark
467:Copenhagen
463:June 2000
458:, Iceland
197:Objectives
73:sub-Arctic
980:0020-7829
865:, Norway
852:Reykjavík
843:, Sweden
832:, Russia
821:, Canada
777:, Sweden
775:Stockholm
766:, Norway
744:, Canada
722:, Russia
709:Rovaniemi
700:, Canada
689:, Sweden
687:Stockholm
676:Reykjavík
667:, Norway
634:, Norway
612:, Canada
610:St John's
599:Reykjavík
579:, Russia
568:, Norway
533:Reykjavík
529:May 2004
513:, Sweden
511:Stockholm
500:Reykjavík
491:, Russia
447:Location
155:Greenland
30:Formation
1239:Archived
1070:Archived
988:20698622
872:See also
808:Helsinki
786:Portland
753:Akureyri
621:Helsinki
577:Murmansk
522:Helsinki
456:Akureyri
338:Projects
191:Akureyri
157:and the
52:Akureyri
1495:pame.is
1471:pame.is
698:Halifax
555:Aalborg
284:Iqaluit
177:(ICC),
173:(GCI),
169:(AAC),
165:(AAI),
92:Website
75:regions
56:Iceland
986:
978:
764:Tromsø
489:Moscow
321:(AMAP)
270:": -->
233:": -->
131:Arctic
69:Arctic
1453:(PDF)
1432:(PDF)
1287:(PDF)
1221:(PDF)
1073:(PDF)
1066:(PDF)
1020:(PDF)
984:JSTOR
945:(PDF)
841:Malmö
99:.pame
67:High
1354:IUCN
1329:IUCN
976:ISSN
863:Oslo
665:Oslo
632:Oslo
566:Oslo
272:edit
235:edit
203:Oslo
115:PAME
109:The
71:and
38:Type
33:1991
25:PAME
968:doi
101:.is
97:www
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