31:
480:
77:
While a broad interpretation of this definition could be used to describe nearly any compound depending on concentration, in practice, it usually refers to compounds that act at the molecular level on translational machinery (either the ribosome itself or the translation factor), taking advantages of
369:
aminoacyl-tRNA. Thus, it binds to the ribosomal A site and participates in peptide bond formation, producing peptidyl-puromycin. However, it does not engage in translocation and quickly dissociates from the ribosome, causing a premature termination of polypeptide
1159:
771:
795:
815:
in: Title: Hugo and
Russell's pharmaceutical microbiology Authors: William Barry Hugo, Stephen P. Denyer, Norman A. Hodges, Sean P. Gorman Edition: 7, illustrated Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell, 2004
1152:
1050:
Tenson T, Lovmar M, Ehrenberg M (July 2003). "The mechanism of action of macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramin B reveals the nascent peptide exit path in the ribosome".
2004:
1145:
853:"Trichothecene Mycotoxins Trigger a Ribotoxic Stress Response That Activates c-Jun N-terminal Kinase and p38 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase and Induces Apoptosis"
779:
335:
42:
is a compound that stops or slows the growth or proliferation of cells by disrupting the processes that lead directly to the generation of new
2009:
1955:
1111:
50:
671:
Mehta, Roopal; Champney, W. Scott (2003). "Neomycin and
Paromomycin Inhibit 30S Ribosomal Subunit Assembly in Staphylococcus aureus".
833:
820:
1137:
1999:
1972:
902:
1904:
254:
1423:
420:
1004:
Menninger JR (1995). "Mechanism of inhibition of protein synthesis by macrolide and lincosamide antibiotics".
1960:
962:"Ricin and alpha-sarcin alter the conformation of 60S ribosomal subunits at neighboring but different sites"
555:
528:
127:
298:(with all these three having other potential mechanisms of action as well), have evidence of inhibition of
1306:
503:
213:
103:
1660:
1564:
1215:
920:
798:
Pharmamotion. Author: Gary Kaiser. The
Community College of Baltimore County. Retrieved on July 31, 2009
498:
299:
111:
95:
70:
772:"Protein synthesis inhibitors: aminoglycosides mechanism of action animation. Classification of agents"
1613:
508:
493:
257:
act synergistically, with dalfopristin, enhancing the binding of quinupristin, as well as inhibiting
1242:
261:. Quinupristin binds to a nearby site on the 50S ribosomal subunit and prevents elongation of the
1029:
743:
696:
58:
796:
Protein synthesis inhibitors: macrolides mechanism of action animation. Classification of agents
30:
1884:
1880:
1449:
1107:
1067:
1021:
983:
942:
882:
874:
816:
735:
688:
653:
604:
309:
271:, also called G418, inhibits the elongation step in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes.
230:
107:
1932:
1876:
1504:
1059:
1013:
973:
932:
864:
727:
680:
643:
635:
594:
586:
66:
62:
17:
1923:
1918:
1630:
1499:
1494:
430:
295:
226:
209:
167:
624:"Rฯ-01, a New Family of Oxazolidinones That Overcome Ribosome-Based Linezolid Resistance"
1966:
1783:
1713:
1698:
1459:
1344:
1332:
1210:
978:
961:
648:
623:
485:
415:
196:
137:
131:
99:
1063:
599:
574:
195:
related to tetracyclines) block the A site on the ribosome, preventing the binding of
1993:
1928:
1872:
1864:
1826:
1816:
1788:
1768:
1758:
1753:
1718:
1703:
1640:
1635:
1559:
1524:
1312:
906:
460:
455:
444:
373:
356:
274:
192:
184:
154:
1033:
700:
1912:
1908:
1836:
1773:
1743:
1708:
1678:
1514:
1489:
1474:
1464:
1454:
1428:
1369:
1317:
1264:
1237:
1227:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
747:
396:
305:
234:
49:
937:
921:"Ricin binding and protein synthesis inhibition in human hematopoietic cell lines"
575:"The Oxazolidinone Linezolid Inhibits Initiation of Protein Synthesis in Bacteria"
355:(both also having other potential mechanisms) cause premature dissociation of the
1017:
812:
216:
process, causing increased rate of error in synthesis with premature termination.
1898:
1844:
1821:
1748:
1733:
1728:
1645:
1532:
1509:
1484:
1479:
1469:
1444:
1288:
1259:
465:
435:
386:
352:
291:
262:
188:
79:
715:
479:
247:
and other potential mechanisms) bind to the 50s ribosomal subunits, inhibiting
1894:
1854:
1849:
1798:
1778:
1763:
1738:
1693:
1688:
1622:
1593:
1573:
1393:
1388:
1379:
1374:
1359:
1354:
1302:
1254:
1168:
684:
475:
450:
348:
240:
83:
899:
878:
869:
852:
1723:
1683:
1670:
1603:
1598:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1409:
1364:
1327:
1322:
1293:
1283:
1273:
440:
391:
362:
287:
268:
150:
123:
1071:
886:
739:
692:
657:
590:
1025:
987:
946:
608:
153:
acts at the initiation stage, probably by preventing the formation of the
1808:
1278:
1249:
639:
408:
366:
317:
277:
mycotoxins are potent and non selective inhibitors of peptide elongation.
54:
43:
1793:
1129:
731:
1890:
327:
233:
step of elongation on the 50S ribosomal subunit in both bacteria and
94:
In general, protein synthesis inhibitors work at different stages of
323:
140:
is a powerful inhibitor of eukaryotic DNA transcription machinery.
29:
556:"7.344 Antibiotics, Toxins, and Protein Engineering, Spring 2007"
212:, among other potential mechanisms of action, interfere with the
622:
Skripkin E, McConnell TS, DeVito J, et al. (October 2008).
331:
313:
1141:
1550:
1201:
573:
Swaney SM, Aoki H, Ganoza MC, Shinabarger DL (December 1998).
171:
426:
The following antibiotics bind to the 50S ribosomal subunit:
1130:
Drugbank.ca > Showing drug card for
Retapamulin (DB01256)
407:
The following antibiotics bind to the 30S subunit of the
265:, as well as causing incomplete chains to be released.
170:
prevent ribosome assembly by binding to the bacterial
98:
into proteins, like initiation, elongation (including
381:
Protein synthesis inhibitors of unspecified mechanism
1863:
1835:
1807:
1669:
1658:
1621:
1612:
1558:
1549:
1523:
1437:
1422:
1402:
1341:
1224:
1209:
1200:
716:"Tigecycline: a novel broad-spectrum antimicrobial"
919:Leonard JE, Grothaus CD, Taetle R (October 1988).
909:University of Michigan. Retrieved on July 31, 2009
376:also cause premature release of the peptide chain.
960:Terao K, Uchiumi T, Endo Y, Ogata K (June 1988).
157:, although the mechanism is not fully understood.
714:Slover CM, Rodvold KA, Danziger LH (June 2007).
791:
789:
1153:
1104:Review of medical microbiology and immunology
8:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1091:
1089:
1087:
1085:
1083:
1081:
999:
997:
1125:
1123:
851:Shifrin, Victor I.; Anderson, Paul (1999).
1666:
1618:
1555:
1434:
1221:
1206:
1160:
1146:
1138:
1045:
1043:
977:
936:
868:
647:
598:
765:
763:
48:
34:Simplified schematic of mRNA translation
2005:Protein synthesis inhibitor antibiotics
519:
365:has a structure similar to that of the
808:
806:
804:
130:into mRNA by inhibiting DNA-dependent
628:Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
7:
979:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1988.tb14120.x
25:
1106:. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical.
900:Wisteria Lane cases โ CLINDAMYCIN
478:
857:Journal of Biological Chemistry
1661:transpeptidation/translocation
1006:J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol
529:"Protein Synthesis Inhibitors"
78:the major differences between
1:
1064:10.1016/S0022-2836(03)00662-4
938:10.1182/blood.V72.4.1357.1357
2010:Protein synthesis inhibitors
1018:10.1515/JBCPP.1995.6.3-4.229
770:Flavio Guzmรกn (2008-08-12).
579:Antimicrob. Agents Chemother
134:by binding its beta-subunit.
18:Protein synthesis inhibitors
128:bacterial DNA transcription
40:protein synthesis inhibitor
2026:
96:bacterial mRNA translation
1950:
1905:Quinupristin/dalfopristin
1173:inhibit protein synthesis
1102:Levinson, Warren (2008).
685:10.1007/s00284-002-3945-9
308:prevents the turnover of
255:Quinupristin/dalfopristin
27:Inhibitors of translation
1424:Tetracycline antibiotics
870:10.1074/jbc.274.20.13985
838:Thermo Fisher Scientific
1132:Update Date: 2009-06-23
326:inhibits elongation by
300:ribosomal translocation
282:Ribosomal translocation
245:ribosomal translocation
243:(as well as inhibiting
112:bacterial translocation
591:10.1128/AAC.42.12.3251
504:Eukaryotic translation
74:
35:
499:Bacterial translation
336:60S ribosomal subunit
172:30S ribosomal subunit
86:ribosome structures.
52:
33:
2000:Protein biosynthesis
1614:Peptidyl transferase
673:Current Microbiology
640:10.1128/AAC.01193-07
509:Archaeal translation
494:Protein biosynthesis
179:Aminoacyl tRNA entry
1243:Dihydrostreptomycin
863:(20): 13985โ13992.
536:Columbia University
114:) and termination:
1977:Never to phase III
560:MIT OpenCourseWare
359:from the ribosome.
334:of the eukaryotic
155:initiation complex
75:
59:biological machine
36:
1987:
1986:
1946:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1654:
1653:
1545:
1544:
1541:
1540:
1450:Chlortetracycline
1418:
1417:
1113:978-0-07-149620-9
823:Length: 481 pages
732:10.1345/aph.1H543
634:(10): 3550โ3557.
585:(12): 3251โ3255.
310:elongation factor
259:peptidyl transfer
249:peptidyl transfer
231:peptidyl transfer
221:Peptidyl transfer
162:Ribosome assembly
108:peptidyl transfer
73:RNA into proteins
16:(Redirected from
2017:
1667:
1619:
1556:
1505:Rolitetracycline
1435:
1222:
1207:
1162:
1155:
1148:
1139:
1133:
1127:
1118:
1117:
1099:
1076:
1075:
1058:(5): 1005โ1014.
1047:
1038:
1037:
1012:(3โ4): 229โ250.
1001:
992:
991:
981:
957:
951:
950:
940:
931:(4): 1357โ1363.
916:
910:
897:
891:
890:
872:
848:
842:
841:
830:
824:
810:
799:
793:
784:
783:
778:. Archived from
767:
758:
757:
755:
754:
720:Ann Pharmacother
711:
705:
704:
668:
662:
661:
651:
619:
613:
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563:
552:
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63:protein dynamics
21:
2025:
2024:
2020:
2019:
2018:
2016:
2015:
2014:
1990:
1989:
1988:
1983:
1982:
1967:Clinical trials
1938:
1924:Streptogramin B
1919:Streptogramin A
1859:
1831:
1803:
1650:
1631:Chloramphenicol
1608:
1562:
1537:
1519:
1500:Penimepicycline
1495:Oxytetracycline
1426:
1414:
1398:
1337:
1213:
1211:Aminoglycosides
1196:
1166:
1136:
1128:
1121:
1114:
1101:
1100:
1079:
1049:
1048:
1041:
1003:
1002:
995:
966:Eur. J. Biochem
959:
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567:
554:
553:
549:
540:
538:
531:
526:
525:
521:
517:
484:
477:
474:
431:Chloramphenicol
416:Aminoglycosides
405:
383:
345:
296:aminoglycosides
284:
227:Chloramphenicol
223:
210:Aminoglycosides
206:
197:aminoacyl tRNAs
181:
168:Aminoglycosides
164:
147:
120:
92:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2023:
2021:
2013:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1992:
1991:
1985:
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1981:
1980:
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1943:
1940:
1939:
1937:
1936:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1902:
1888:
1869:
1867:
1865:Streptogramins
1861:
1860:
1858:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1841:
1839:
1833:
1832:
1830:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1813:
1811:
1805:
1804:
1802:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1784:Troleandomycin
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1714:Flurithromycin
1711:
1706:
1701:
1699:Clarithromycin
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1675:
1673:
1664:
1656:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1649:
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1627:
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1601:
1596:
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1576:
1570:
1568:
1553:
1547:
1546:
1543:
1542:
1539:
1538:
1536:
1535:
1529:
1527:
1525:Glycylcyclines
1521:
1520:
1518:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1460:Demeclocycline
1457:
1452:
1447:
1441:
1439:
1432:
1420:
1419:
1416:
1415:
1413:
1412:
1406:
1404:
1400:
1399:
1397:
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1391:
1385:
1384:
1383:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1351:
1349:
1345:Micromonospora
1339:
1338:
1336:
1335:
1333:Nourseothricin
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1299:
1298:
1297:
1296:
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1286:
1281:
1270:
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1262:
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1246:
1245:
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1234:
1232:
1219:
1204:
1198:
1197:
1169:Antibacterials
1167:
1165:
1164:
1157:
1150:
1142:
1135:
1134:
1119:
1112:
1077:
1039:
993:
972:(3): 459โ463.
952:
911:
905:2012-07-18 at
892:
843:
825:
800:
785:
782:on 2010-03-12.
759:
726:(6): 965โ972.
706:
663:
614:
565:
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518:
516:
513:
512:
511:
506:
501:
496:
490:
489:
486:Biology portal
473:
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461:Streptogramins
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418:
404:
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374:Streptogramins
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180:
177:
176:
175:
163:
160:
159:
158:
146:
143:
142:
141:
138:alpha-Amanitin
135:
132:RNA polymerase
119:
118:Earlier stages
116:
100:aminoacyl tRNA
91:
88:
61:that utilizes
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2022:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1997:
1995:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1953:
1949:
1934:
1930:
1929:Virginiamycin
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1903:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1889:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1873:Pristinamycin
1871:
1870:
1868:
1866:
1862:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1842:
1840:
1838:
1834:
1828:
1827:Solithromycin
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1817:Telithromycin
1815:
1814:
1812:
1810:
1806:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1789:Tulathromycin
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1769:Telithromycin
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1759:Solithromycin
1757:
1755:
1754:Roxithromycin
1752:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1719:Gamithromycin
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1704:Dirithromycin
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1676:
1674:
1672:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1657:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1641:Thiamphenicol
1639:
1637:
1636:Azidamfenicol
1634:
1632:
1629:
1628:
1626:
1624:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1611:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1561:
1560:Oxazolidinone
1557:
1554:
1552:
1548:
1534:
1531:
1530:
1528:
1526:
1522:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
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1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1442:
1440:
1438:Tetracyclines
1436:
1433:
1430:
1425:
1421:
1411:
1408:
1407:
1405:
1401:
1395:
1392:
1390:
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1378:
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1371:
1368:
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1358:
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1350:
1347:
1346:
1340:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1313:Spectinomycin
1311:
1308:
1304:
1301:
1300:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
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1199:
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1163:
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1120:
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907:archive.today
904:
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866:
862:
858:
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847:
844:
839:
835:
829:
826:
822:
821:0-632-06467-6
818:
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801:
797:
792:
790:
786:
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773:
766:
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733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
710:
707:
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679:(3): 237โ43.
678:
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664:
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637:
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629:
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476:
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467:
464:
462:
459:
457:
456:Telithromycin
454:
452:
449:
446:
445:oxazolidinone
442:
439:
437:
434:
432:
429:
428:
427:
422:
421:Tetracyclines
419:
417:
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412:
410:
402:
398:
395:
393:
390:
388:
385:
384:
380:
375:
372:
368:
364:
361:
358:
357:peptidyl-tRNA
354:
350:
347:
346:
342:
337:
333:
330:modifying an
329:
328:enzymatically
325:
322:
319:
315:
311:
307:
304:
301:
297:
293:
289:
286:
285:
281:
276:
275:Trichothecene
273:
270:
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264:
260:
256:
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250:
246:
242:
239:
236:
232:
228:
225:
224:
220:
215:
211:
208:
207:
203:
198:
194:
193:glycylcycline
190:
186:
185:Tetracyclines
183:
182:
178:
173:
169:
166:
165:
161:
156:
152:
149:
148:
144:
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125:
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101:
97:
89:
87:
85:
81:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
51:
47:
45:
41:
32:
19:
1913:Quinupristin
1909:Dalfopristin
1837:Lincosamides
1774:Tildipirosin
1744:Oleandomycin
1709:Erythromycin
1679:Azithromycin
1515:Tetracycline
1490:Omadacycline
1475:Meclocycline
1465:Eravacycline
1455:Clomocycline
1370:Micronomicin
1343:
1318:Hygromycin B
1307:+loteprednol
1265:Ribostamycin
1238:Streptomycin
1228:Streptomyces
1226:
1172:
1103:
1055:
1052:J. Mol. Biol
1051:
1009:
1005:
969:
965:
955:
928:
924:
914:
895:
860:
856:
846:
837:
828:
780:the original
776:Pharmamotion
775:
751:. Retrieved
723:
719:
709:
676:
672:
666:
631:
627:
617:
582:
578:
568:
559:
550:
539:. Retrieved
535:
527:Frank Lowy.
522:
425:
406:
403:Binding site
397:Fusidic acid
306:Fusidic acid
258:
248:
244:
235:mitochondria
214:proofreading
204:Proofreading
104:proofreading
93:
76:
39:
37:
1963:from market
1899:Linopristin
1845:Clindamycin
1822:Cethromycin
1749:Rokitamycin
1734:Midecamycin
1729:Kitasamycin
1646:Florfenicol
1623:Amphenicols
1567:inhibitors)
1533:Tigecycline
1510:Sarecycline
1485:Minocycline
1480:Metacycline
1470:Lymecycline
1445:Doxycycline
1289:Bekanamycin
1260:Paromomycin
1218:inhibitors)
834:"Geneticin"
466:Retapamulin
436:Clindamycin
387:Retapamulin
353:clindamycin
343:Termination
316:) from the
292:clindamycin
263:polypeptide
229:blocks the
189:Tigecycline
80:prokaryotic
1994:Categories
1895:Flopristin
1855:Pirlimycin
1850:Lincomycin
1799:Tylvalosin
1779:Tilmicosin
1764:Spiramycin
1739:Miocamycin
1694:Carrimycin
1689:Carbomycin
1671:Macrolides
1594:Ranbezolid
1574:Eperezolid
1565:initiation
1394:Astromicin
1389:Verdamicin
1380:Isepamicin
1375:Plazomicin
1360:Netilmicin
1355:Gentamicin
1303:Tobramycin
1255:Framycetin
1216:initiation
753:2009-12-19
541:2021-01-27
515:References
451:Macrolides
370:synthesis.
349:Macrolides
288:Macrolides
241:Macrolides
145:Initiation
84:eukaryotic
67:nanoscales
1973:Phase III
1961:Withdrawn
1809:Ketolides
1724:Josamycin
1684:Boromycin
1604:Tedizolid
1599:Sutezolid
1589:Radezolid
1584:Posizolid
1579:Linezolid
1410:Butirosin
1365:Sisomicin
1328:Apramycin
1323:Totomycin
1294:Dibekacin
1284:Arbekacin
1274:Kanamycin
879:0021-9258
441:Linezolid
392:Mupirocin
367:tyrosinyl
363:Puromycin
269:Geneticin
151:Linezolid
126:inhibits
124:Rifamycin
90:Mechanism
71:translate
1431:binding)
1342:-micin (
1279:Amikacin
1250:Neomycin
1225:-mycin (
1072:12860123
1034:36166592
903:Archived
887:10318810
813:Page 212
740:17519296
701:23170091
693:14570276
658:18663023
472:See also
409:ribosome
318:ribosome
55:ribosome
44:proteins
1794:Tylosin
1026:8852269
988:3391162
947:3167211
748:5686856
649:2565890
609:9835522
102:entry,
1956:WHO-EM
1891:NXL103
1193:QJ01XQ
1110:
1070:
1032:
1024:
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885:
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646:
607:
600:106030
597:
110:, and
1659:MLS (
1403:other
1171:that
1030:S2CID
925:Blood
744:S2CID
697:S2CID
532:(PDF)
324:Ricin
57:is a
1429:tRNA
1189:J01G
1185:J01F
1181:J01B
1177:J01A
1108:ISBN
1068:PMID
1022:PMID
984:PMID
943:PMID
883:PMID
875:ISSN
817:ISBN
736:PMID
689:PMID
654:PMID
605:PMID
443:(an
351:and
332:rRNA
314:EF-G
294:and
187:and
82:and
1885:IIB
1881:IIA
1551:50S
1202:30S
1060:doi
1056:330
1014:doi
974:doi
970:174
933:doi
865:doi
861:274
728:doi
681:doi
644:PMC
636:doi
595:PMC
587:doi
312:G (
191:(a
69:to
65:on
1996::
1969::
1933:S1
1911:,
1897:,
1883:,
1879:,
1877:IA
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251:.
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199:.
174:.
20:)
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