343:(1947), received a positive reception both from church groups and the general press for its dramatic quality and high production values. It was screened both domestically and abroad in scores of churches. A 1948 news item reported that the PFC had already gained a 25-percent profit on the film's $ 100,000 production budget, and had returned the initial investment plus half of the profits to its sponsors. By 1949 the PFC had raised $ 1.5 million in funds for production budgets and $ 1 million for distribution of future films.
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211:— combined with the tendency for Hollywood to depict Protestant characters as fodder for laughs, motivated Protestant leadership to improve their standing and representation in Hollywood. Additionally, the bold treatment of sex in Hollywood films of the era, which produced "quite a galaxy of predatory females and philandering males", was seen as evidence that Hollywood screenwriters and producers were not paying attention to the negative film reviews in Protestant publications such as the
324:
a series of drama, documentary, and educational films between
December 1947 and April 1955. Each original script employed human-interest plots and dramatic devices to engage viewers while conveying religious and moral messages. The PFC raised its production budgets through fund-raising campaigns among Protestant denominational churches and interdenominational sponsorships. Its 1949 film
270:
Unlike the
National Legion of Decency, which was a censorship body, the PFC provided a voluntary consulting service to fact-check scripts and give Hollywood filmmakers input on "the dramatic possibilities of religious material and of constructive moral themes". The PFC also issued reviews and ratings
323:
In 1947 the PFC announced that it had raised $ 250,000 in funds to produce seven films in 16 mm and 35 mm format for noncommercial release, with the intended audiences being churches, clubs, conferences, factories, prisons, and domestic relations courts. The PFC would go on to produce and distribute
346:
The PFC steered toward humanitarian rather than theological themes in its productions, in keeping with the postwar focus on social issues among most churches. Film scripts were sought on racial discrimination, religious intolerance, and mental health. The PFC also invested in professional crews and
183:
imposed film standards emphasizing positive social values and respect for religion, had an official
Catholic adviser in Hollywood but not a Protestant one. As a general rule, the Protestant church leadership limited its involvement with Hollywood filmmaking to confirming technical details of church
483:
These pictures may be modestly budgeted, they may lack the impressive sets and extra "mobs" to be found in some of the major studio products, but they are entertainment that goes straight to the heart and the mind, a "solid" sort of entertainment that leaves one in a state of real appreciation for
146:
and documentaries. These films were distributed to some 30,000 churches as well as schools, clubs, conferences, factories, prisons, and domestic relations courts. Though most of the films were not released commercially, they received positive reviews in the general press for their human-interest
288:"Gone is the concept that the movies are necessarily the work of the devil. In its place has come the realization that the camera, under proper guidance, can inspire men to lead Christian lives, can instruct the young and offer solace and hope to the aged".
139:. Representing 200,000 American Protestant churches with approximately 34 million members, the Commission was founded in 1945 as a consulting agency for Hollywood film scripts and also provided reviews and ratings for general-market Hollywood films.
334:. The PFC was said to have had an "excellent" chance of recouping its production expenses, since at the time between 25,000 and 50,000 churches were screening films as part of their educational efforts, compared to 18,000 commercial movie theaters.
300:. At that time, the PFC announced that it had 19 films slated for production, including 9 short films on mental health, 5 films promoting good citizenship, and 3 films based on stories from the Bible.
225:
In 1945, the
Protestant Film Commission (PFC) was established by the boards of 19 of the largest American Protestant denominations together with 12 major interdenominational agencies, including the
315:. Heard was named director of films in the new organizational structure. However, the PFC continued to operate as the de facto West Coast office of the BFC. The PFC ceased operations in 1966.
1650:
421:
to enable filmmakers access to professional equipment from the major
Hollywood studios. However, some projects were filmed overseas in conjunction with other production units, such as
1635:
443:
was tapped to direct eleven of the PFC's short films. His directorial style, which delivered strong but not heavy-handed films, was seen as ideal for conveying religious messages.
1630:
475:
wrote: "Though no
Academy Award Oscars will be given for the performances of the stars, the actors and actresses are thoroughly convincing". Syndicated Hollywood columnist
1640:
1625:
462:
churches, with a reach estimated at some 30,000 churches. They were also available for viewing by clubs, conferences, factories, prisons, and domestic relations courts.
1154:
284:, the PFC issued a statement emphasizing the value of motion pictures for conveying religious themes—an about-face from the church's previous stance on films:
484:
days after he has seen them. They say something that's worth saying—and that, in the final analysis, is worth more than "production value" or big star names.
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380:
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926:"Guide to the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America Broadcasting and Film Commission Records"
252:
to produce and distribute drama and documentary films suitable for viewing in churches, schools, and other religious organizations
925:
548:
435:
293:
465:
While most PFC films were not released commercially, they received favorable mention in the general press. In its preview of
195:
176:
414:. This series was funded by Protestant denominational churches as well as the International Council of Religious Education.
189:
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32:
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equipment, and used name actors as well as unknown performers. For example, it invested more than $ 80,000 to produce
308:
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28:
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267:, which educated church organizers on the fundamentals of operating film projectors and scheduling film programs.
207:
180:
612:
532:
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229:. In this capacity, it represented 200,000 Protestant churches which numbered approximately 34 million members.
159:, but continued its operations as the de facto West Coast headquarters of the BFC. It ceased operations in 1966.
148:
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339:
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1228:"Baptist Church, Local Residences and Bank Used By Protestant Film Commission for Motion Picture"
396:
In 1950 the PFC released a series of "curriculum enrichment" films for church schools, including
376:
894:
588:
389:
255:
to promote the adoption of
Protestant values and religious themes in the Hollywood film industry
446:
Each film had its premiere in 100 cities in the U.S. and Canada. The films were distributed to
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However, the increasingly sympathetic portrayal of
Catholic characters in films—including
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349:
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830:"City to See World Premier of Church Film, 'My Name is Han,' Depicting China Missions"
147:
stories and dramatic quality. In 1950, the
Protestant Film Commission merged with the
1619:
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1416:
476:
417:
Principal photography for PFC productions generally took place either in New York or
237:
233:
132:
115:
366:
362:
201:
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as executive director. Heard had previously overseen the production of government
167:
The
Protestant Film Commission was founded partly in response to the dominance of
1591:
1421:
1186:
168:
1573:
Reforming Hollywood: How American Protestants Fought for Freedom at the Movies
384:
358:
260:
143:
459:
330:, for example, was sponsored by 17 Protestant denominations as well as the
1509:
Celluloid Sermons: The Emergence of the Christian Film Industry, 1930-1986
278:
In 1948, in advance of the June 15 release of its second film production,
949:"Gene Kelly Experting as Scout; Dana Andrews's Brother in Japan Film"
296:
office under the directorship of Oren W. Evans, with headquarters at
142:
Between 1947 and 1955, the Commission produced a series of religious
774:
1210:
1208:
1125:
1123:
977:
975:
973:
785:
783:
1596:"Modern Protestant Approaches to Film (1960 to the Present)"
734:
732:
730:
1053:"Protestant Film Commission Unveils Its Movie 'Prejudice'"
1018:"Protestant Film Commission's Movie Given Private Showing"
994:
992:
990:
248:
in Washington, D.C. The PFC defined its goals as twofold:
1417:"Film, 'Beyond Our Own,' At Annual Methodist Session"
681:
679:
677:
109:
95:
87:
74:
56:
38:
24:
895:"Protestant Film Commission Plans Nineteen Movies"
271:of general-market films which were printed in the
1651:Defunct organizations based in the United States
1272:"Five Churches Here Join in Premiere of Movie"
1255:
1214:
1141:
1129:
1114:
981:
789:
721:
383:five years earlier. Hollywood box office star
1636:Christianity and society in the United States
439:(1950), filmed in Lebanon. American director
131:, was an American film agency which promoted
8:
1600:The Routledge Companion to Religion and Film
1552:William Beaudine: From Silents to Television
1533:The Routledge Companion to Religion and Film
1309:. December 17, 1949. p. 17 – via
1046:
1044:
263:projectors, the PFC issued a booklet titled
259:As most films screened in churches required
19:
1631:Christian organizations established in 1945
1425:. January 10, 1948. p. 12 – via
1234:. December 17, 1949. p. 1 – via
1191:Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
1093:. February 16, 1950. p. 3 – via
869:. October 12, 1948. p. 13 – via
863:"Protestants Complete Picture Organization"
1061:. Associated Press. p. 5 – via
889:
887:
813:
762:
750:
738:
709:
697:
303:In December 1950, the PFC merged with the
83:Consulting agency for Hollywood filmmakers
18:
1087:"Protestant Churches Sponsor Film Series"
1011:
1009:
1007:
824:
822:
292:In 1948, the PFC established a permanent
1641:Protestant churches in the United States
1626:1945 establishments in the United States
1506:Lindvall, Terry; Quicke, Andrew (2011).
1371:
1359:
1338:. June 23, 1950. p. 17 – via
998:
1303:"'Kenji Comes Home' Proves Potent Film"
1280:. June 12, 1948. p. 5 – via
1081:
1079:
928:. Presbyterian Historical Society. 2019
903:. July 30, 1948. p. 5 – via
840:. June 4, 1948. p. 17 – via
673:
381:Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor
232:The PFC convened in January 1946, with
1452:"Protestant Film Commission Producing"
1266:
1264:
1051:Springer, John L. (October 15, 1949).
801:
332:Anti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rith
313:National Council of Churches of Christ
157:National Council of Churches of Christ
33:National Council of Churches of Christ
1529:"The Era of Censorship (1930 – 1967)"
775:International Television Almanac 1982
685:
7:
1491:. Quigley Publishing Company. 1982.
1384:Paduitt, James (January 11, 1951).
1332:"'South of Clouds' Wins Film Award"
1016:Elliott, Celia (November 8, 1947).
179:, which together with the Catholic
1646:Entertainment rating organizations
947:Schallert, Edwin (July 17, 1951).
14:
448:Congregational Christian Churches
1488:International Television Almanac
1467:
1432:
1401:
1345:
1316:
1287:
1241:
1187:"The 18th Academy Awards – 1946"
1100:
1068:
1033:
962:
910:
876:
847:
309:Broadcasting and Film Commission
171:influence and representation in
153:Broadcasting and Film Commission
29:Broadcasting and Film Commission
1570:Romanowski, William D. (2012).
78:Production and distribution of
177:Production Code Administration
135:religious and moral values in
1:
433:(1949), filmed in Japan, and
1160:AFI Catalog of Feature Films
337:The PFC's first production,
1576:. Oxford University Press.
1549:Marshall, Wendy L. (2005).
637:Curriculum enrichment films
613:Each According to His Faith
305:Protestant Radio Commission
227:Federal Council of Churches
149:Protestant Radio Commission
62:; 58 years ago
44:; 79 years ago
16:Former American film agency
1667:
1256:Lindvall & Quicke 2011
1215:Lindvall & Quicke 2011
1142:Lindvall & Quicke 2011
1130:Lindvall & Quicke 2011
1115:Lindvall & Quicke 2011
982:Lindvall & Quicke 2011
790:Lindvall & Quicke 2011
722:Lindvall & Quicke 2011
452:Presbyterian Church U.S.A.
181:National Legion of Decency
125:Protestant Film Commission
20:Protestant Film Commission
1394:. p. 11 – via
1026:. p. 12 – via
955:. p. 31 – via
427:(1948), filmed in China,
246:Bureau of Naval Personnel
1598:, in Lyden, John (ed.),
1531:, in Lyden, John (ed.),
1460:. p. 4 – via
1277:Pittsburgh Sun-Telegraph
838:Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
184:theology and practices.
1527:Quicke, Andrew (2009),
1165:American Film Institute
1155:"Again Pioneers (1950)"
1058:Green Bay Press-Gazette
652:What Happened to Jo Jo?
405:What Happened to Jo Jo?
387:served as narrator for
265:Teaching Eternal Truths
208:The Bells of St. Mary's
196:The Keys of the Kingdom
102:Los Angeles, California
629:The Secret of the Gift
486:
290:
190:The Song of Bernadette
129:Protestant Film Office
1422:Paterson Evening News
481:
286:
712:, pp. 109, 112.
489:Selected filmography
127:, also known as the
1555:. Scarecrow Press.
1450:(August 15, 1951).
900:Corsicana Daily Sun
549:South of the Clouds
436:South of the Clouds
419:Southern California
21:
1386:"Around Hollywood"
1232:Monrovia News-Post
379:, who had won the
175:in the 1940s. The
111:Executive director
1023:Dayton Daily News
953:Los Angeles Times
765:, pp. 113–4.
724:, pp. 79–80.
557:Wings to the Word
472:Dayton Daily News
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834:The Evening News
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689:
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621:Hong Kong Affair
597:The Hidden Heart
573:The Congregation
565:A Wonderful Life
525:Kenji Comes Home
441:William Beaudine
430:Kenji Comes Home
372:A Wonderful Life
355:Colleen Townsend
353:(1950) starring
273:Christian Herald
242:propaganda films
214:Christian Herald
173:Hollywood cinema
137:Hollywood cinema
70:
68:
63:
52:
50:
45:
22:
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1391:New Castle News
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1091:The Daily Notes
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828:
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814:Romanowski 2012
812:
808:
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773:
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763:Romanowski 2012
761:
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751:Romanowski 2012
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739:Romanowski 2012
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710:Romanowski 2012
708:
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698:Romanowski 2012
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581:For Every Child
496:
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375:(1950) starred
321:
319:Film production
298:Nassour Studios
223:
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112:
105:
82:
80:religious films
66:
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1462:Newspapers.com
1457:The News-Press
1448:Fidler, Jimmie
1439:
1427:Newspapers.com
1408:
1396:Newspapers.com
1376:
1374:, p. 247.
1364:
1362:, p. 248.
1352:
1340:Newspapers.com
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1311:Newspapers.com
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1282:Newspapers.com
1260:
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1236:Newspapers.com
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1095:Newspapers.com
1075:
1063:Newspapers.com
1040:
1028:Newspapers.com
1003:
1001:, p. 240.
986:
969:
957:Newspapers.com
939:
917:
905:Newspapers.com
883:
871:Newspapers.com
854:
842:Newspapers.com
818:
816:, p. 115.
806:
794:
779:
777:, p. 114.
767:
755:
753:, p. 255.
743:
741:, p. 114.
726:
714:
702:
700:, p. 108.
690:
672:
671:
669:
666:
665:
664:
660:Birthday Party
656:
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541:Again Pioneers
537:
529:
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513:
509:My Name Is Han
505:
501:Beyond Our Own
495:
492:
490:
487:
467:Beyond Our Own
458:churches, and
424:My Name Is Han
411:Birthday Party
350:Again Pioneers
340:Beyond Our Own
320:
317:
281:My Name Is Han
257:
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1611:
1609:9781135220662
1605:
1602:, Routledge,
1601:
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1583:9780199969180
1579:
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1564:
1562:9780810852181
1558:
1554:
1553:
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1544:
1542:9781135220662
1538:
1535:, Routledge,
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1530:
1525:
1521:
1519:9780814753248
1515:
1512:. NYU Press.
1511:
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1500:
1498:9780900610271
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1372:Marshall 2005
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1360:Marshall 2005
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999:Marshall 2005
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88:Headquarters
802:Quicke 2009
456:Evangelical
144:short films
1620:Categories
686:Stone 2009
668:References
589:City Story
390:City Story
385:Glenn Ford
377:James Dunn
359:Tom Powers
294:West Coast
261:16 mm film
163:Background
133:Protestant
1197:April 30,
932:April 29,
517:Prejudice
327:Prejudice
96:Locations
57:Dissolved
39:Formation
25:Successor
1594:(2009),
460:Reformed
393:(1950).
244:for the
238:training
169:Catholic
1480:Sources
1171:May 27,
479:wrote:
221:History
75:Purpose
65: (
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31:of the
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469:, the
408:, and
365:, and
205:, and
1604:ISBN
1578:ISBN
1557:ISBN
1537:ISBN
1514:ISBN
1493:ISBN
1199:2020
1173:2020
934:2020
240:and
123:The
67:1966
60:1966
49:1945
42:1945
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